DAQ-2024-011366

Prepared for:
Utah Division of Air Quality
Science for Solutions Research Grant – FY 2025

Prepared by:
Ramboll
50 West Broadway, Suite 300
Salt Lake City, UT 84101

May 6, 2024

Improving Soil NOx Emission
Estimates for the Wasatch Front

A Proposal Submitted to the Utah Division of Air
Quality Science for Solutions Research Grant
Program – FY 2025

Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
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Contents
Contents ................................................................................................................... i
1.0 Summary Information Page ............................................................................. 1
1.1 Project Title ................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Applicant Information .................................................................................. 1
1.3 Funding Requested ...................................................................................... 1
1.4 Project Period ............................................................................................. 1
2.0 Scope of Work ................................................................................................. 2
2.1 Abstract ..................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Basis and Rationale ..................................................................................... 2
2.3 Technical Approach ..................................................................................... 3
2.4 Expected Outputs and Outcomes ................................................................... 4
2.5 Deliverables ............................................................................................... 5
2.6 Schedule .................................................................................................... 5
2.7 References ................................................................................................. 5
3.0 Budget ............................................................................................................. 7
4.0 Personnel Roles and Responsibilities ............................................................... 8
TABLES
Table 1. Ramboll proposed project budget, including breakdown by task, personnel
(rates, hours and cost), and other direct costs. ............................................ 8
FIGURES
Figure 1. Daily (dashed line) and monthly averaged (solid line) tropospheric NO2 columns
over the Midwest Cornbelt region for April – September 2019: (a) TROPOMI
observations, (b) WRF-Chem with the standard BDSNP and (c) WRF-Chem with
the updated BDSNP. Adapted from Huber et al., (2024). ............................... 4
Figure 2. Proposed project schedule by task, including deliverable dates. ..................... 5
Figure 3 Organizational chart. ................................................................................ 9

APPENDICES
Appendix A Resumes of Key Personnel
Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
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1.0 Summary Information Page
1.1 Project Title
Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
1.2 Applicant Information
Organization: Ramboll Americas Engineering Solutions, Inc.
Address: 5050 West Broadway, Suite 300
Salt Lake City, UT 84101
Principal Investigator: Tejas Shah, Managing Consultant
Phone Number: [phone]
Email Address: [e-mail]
1.3 Funding Requested
Total Project Budget: $40,980
1.4 Project Period
July 1, 2024 – September 30, 2025

Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
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2.0 Scope of Work
2.1 Abstract
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) play a crucial role as a precursor in ozone formation. Although soils
are an important source of NOx emissions in the Northern Wasatch Front (NWF), a
comprehensive assessment of the influence of soil NOx emissions on air quality in the region
is currently lacking. With declining NOx emissions from fossil fuel combustion, the relative
contribution of NOx emissions from managed and unmanaged soils is on the rise. We are in
the process of updating the Berkeley-Dalhousie Soil NOx Parameterization (BDSNP) module
within the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) by refining
model inputs for atmospheric nitrogen-deposition and fertilizer application, along with
updating the effects of soil moisture on NOx emission rate based on field observations. This
project will use updated vegetation input data for MEGAN across the NWF developed by
Ramboll and Alex Guenther in a current S4S project. UDAQ modelers are using MEGAN, with
some assistance from Ramboll, to understand changes in NWF biogenic VOC emissions that
result from Ramboll’s current S4S project in collaboration with Prof. Alex Guenther.
The overall goal of this project is to assess the updated MEGAN BDNSP soil NOx model and
input data for UDAQ’s modeling domains, specifically for the Wasatch Front, to ensure an
appropriate representation. The necessary steps involve generating updated input data for
MEGAN and running MEGAN with the updated BDNSP parameterization to generate soil NOx
emissions for the NWF.
The benefit of this project will be improved soil NOx emissions for air quality modeling in
Wasatch Front that are critical for scientific understanding and the development of
regulatory strategies to improve and maintain clean air. The proposed work aligns with the
FY2025 Science for Solutions Research Grant solicitation by addressing the need for
improvements in estimating soil NOx emissions.
2.2 Basis and Rationale
Background
The Wasatch Front experiences exceedances of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard
(NAAQS) for ozone during summer months when biogenic emissions are prevalent. The
Northern Wasatch Front and Southern Wasatch Front areas are treated separately for
nonattainment under the 2015 8-hour ozone standard. The Northern Wasatch Front is
designated as moderate nonattainment, while the Southern Wasatch Front is designated as
marginal nonattainment. The Northern Wasatch Front includes all or part of Salt Lake,
Davis, Weber, and Tooele counties. The Southern Wasatch Front includes parts of Utah
county.
The Wasatch Front was required to attain the standard by August 3, 2021. The Southern
Wasatch Front nonattainment area attained the standard, prompting the Utah Division of Air
Quality (UDAQ) to initiate the redesignation process to attainment. However, the Northern
Wasatch Front nonattainment area failed to attain the standard by that date and was
subsequently bumped up to moderate classification on November 7, 2022. As a result of
this designation, the UDAQ was required to develop a moderate SIP (UDAQ, 2023). Recent
monitoring data suggests that the Northern Wasatch Front may not attain the standard by
the moderate attainment date, potentially facing reclassification as a serious nonattainment
area in 2025. Serious nonattainment areas are subject to stricter emissions
reporting/permitting levels and additional control measure requirements.
Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
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Nitrogen oxides (NOx) play a crucial role as a precursor in ozone formation. While past
studies and regulatory policies have targeted anthropogenic NOx emissions from motor
vehicle and fossil fuel combustion, a notable shift is occurring. With declining NOx emissions
from fossil fuel combustion, the relative contribution of NOx emissions from managed and
unmanaged soils is on the rise (UDAQ, 2023). Modeling soil NOx poses a unique challenge
due to its nonlinear variability influenced by region-specific agricultural management
practices, soil conditions, and meteorology. In drylands, soil NOx emissions typically occur
as pulsed fluxes in response to irrigation or precipitation-drying cycles. Most models
estimate soil NOx as a function of soil temperature, soil moisture, and ecosystem type. An
example is the BDSNP, implemented into the MEGAN model.
Ramboll will be updating the current BDSNP algorithm in MEGAN under a separate project
focused on Texas. The Texas project will update the soil NOx algorithm in MEGAN version
3.2 following Huber et al. (2023) and develop the necessary MEGAN input data for model
domains focused on Texas. This project would generate and evaluate data needed to run
the updated BDNSP algorithm in MEGAN for the Wasatch Front (Task 1), generate soil NOx
emissions using the updated BDNSP algorithm for UDAQ’s CAMx modeling domains (Task
2), and document the project in Task 3.
2.3 Technical Approach
Task 1: Evaluate updated soil NOx parameterization inputs for the Wasatch Front
The forthcoming update to the BDSNP parameterization in MEGAN will incorporate three
improved inputs: (1) atmospheric deposition of nitrogen, (2) fertilizer application, and (3)
soil moisture. These inputs play a pivotal role in enhancing the model's representation of
local conditions. In this task, our focus is to evaluate these inputs specifically for the
Wasatch Front to ensure an appropriate representation, contributing to the overall
improvement of soil NOx emissions estimate for the region.
Subtask 1A. Atmospheric Deposition Evaluation
The updated soil NOx parameterization will incorporate the TREND-nitrogen dataset,
sourced from the work of Byrnes et al. (2020a, 2020b), to provide a detailed account of
available soil nitrogen, distinguishing between various nitrogen sources and sinks. This
allows for a mass balance approach to determine nitrogen concentrations within the soil.
The atmospheric deposition data, initially obtained at the county level and spanning multiple
years, will undergo a disaggregation process to transition to a more refined spatial
resolution. Our evaluation of atmospheric nitrogen deposition will include a comparative
analysis of new data with nitrogen deposition estimates derived from recent model runs by
UDAQ, including GEOS-Chem.
Subtask 1B. Fertilizer Application Assessment
Similar to atmospheric deposition, fertilizer application data used in the updated
parameterization is aggregated at the county level and spans multiple years. To assess the
extent of fertilizer application for the Wasatch Front, we plan to conduct a comprehensive
comparison with publicly available information. This will involve quantitatively evaluating the
data against either the gridded dataset of agricultural nitrogen fertilizer usage in the
continental US (Cao et al, 2018) or year-specific fertilizer use estimates derived from the
Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC v0509) agricultural model. In this
comparison, we will ensure that the datasets are harmonized to a consistent geographical
resolution, allowing us to confirm the representativeness of the data for the Wasatch Front.
Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
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Subtask 1C. Soil Moisture Update
This task involves generating input data required for the updated BDSNP parameterization
using existing WRF data for application to the UDAQ modeling domains. The standard
BDSNP produces peak soil NOx emissions at 30% water-filled pore space (WFPS) for all grid
cells, whereas the updated version produces peak emissions at the median WFPS for each
grid cell producing a more dynamic emissions parameterization. We will develop MEGAN
input data for median WFPS from the analysis performed by Huber et al. (2024). The
updated parameterization has been evaluated in WRF-Chem for the central/eastern U.S.
(Figure 1) where it tends to increase soil NOx emissions and provide seasonal variation in
better agreement with NO2 columns observed by the TROPOMI satellite.

Figure 1. Daily (dashed line) and monthly averaged (solid line) tropospheric NO2
columns over the Midwest Cornbelt region for April – September 2019: (a) TROPOMI observations, (b) WRF-Chem with the standard BDSNP and (c) WRF-Chem with the updated BDSNP. Adapted from Huber et al., (2024).
Task 2: Generate soil NOx emissions using the updated soil NOx parameterization
In this task, we will generate soil NOx emission estimates using the recently updated
MEGAN with meteorological data provided by UDAQ for the 2022 ozone season. This
emissions generation will be conducted for UDAQ’s modeling domains at 12km, 4km and
1.33km resolutions. We will work with UDAQ to obtain meteorological data in the format
required by the MEGAN model. We will utilize the refined MEGAN input data from Task 1 and
other essential data required for emissions generation, such as vegetation characterization.
This includes the NWF vegetation input data developed by Ramboll and Alex Guenther in a
current S4S project, incorporated into the updated MEGAN model.
Task 3: Management and Reporting
This task will comprise project management activities during the execution of the contract.
Activities include: (1) day-to-day staff and resource management; (2) internal team
meetings and external conference calls with UDAQ, including a project kickoff meeting; (3)
monthly invoicing and progress reporting to UDAQ; (4) preparation of quarterly progress
reports; (5) assembly of the draft and final project report; (6) preparation for, and
attendance at the Science for Solutions technical conference; and (7) sharing of data and
modeling system with UDAQ.
2.4 Expected Outputs and Outcomes
The primary output of the proposed research will be improved soil NOx emissions based on
the updated BDSNP parameterization and input data for use in UDAQ’s modeling platform to
support State Implementation Plans. Through a thorough evaluation of input data, this
Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
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project aims to provide representative soil NOx emissions estimate for the Wasatch Front.
The updated parameterization and inputs are vital elements in the refinement of the BDSNP,
effectively reducing current uncertainties in estimating soil NOx emissions in the region. The
overall benefit of this project will be more accurate Wasatch Front air quality modeling that
are critical for scientific understanding and the development of regulatory strategies to
improve and maintain clean air.
2.5 Deliverables
Quarterly progress reports will be submitted throughout the project period and a final
technical report will be submitted per requirements at the end of the project. As required by
the RFP, results and their implications will be presented at a Science for Solutions
conference. The improved soil NOx emissions, along with the updated BDSNP
parameterization and inputs, will be provided to UDAQ in a digital format (Portable Hard
Drive).
2.6 Schedule
Our proposed project schedule with key deliverable dates is shown in Figure 2. We
anticipate a start date of July 1, 2024, and expect to complete all tasks of the project by
June 30, 2025, including the submission of our final report, data transfer, and presentation
at the 2025 Science for Solutions conference.

Figure 2. Proposed project schedule by task, including deliverable dates.
2.7 References
Byrnes, D. K., Van Meter, K. J., & Basu, N. B. (2020a). Long-term shifts in U.S. nitrogen
sources and sinks revealed by the new TREND-nitrogen data set (1930–2017).
Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 34(9), e2020GB006626.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GB006626
Byrnes, D. K., Van Meter, K. J., & Basu, N. B. (2020b). Trajectories nutrient dataset for
nitrogen (TREND-nitrogen) [Dataset]. PANGAEA.
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.917583
Cao, P., Lu, C., & Yu, Z. (2018). Historical nitrogen fertilizer use in agricultural ecosystems
of the contiguous United States during 1850–2015: application rate, timing, and
fertilizer types. Earth System Science Data, 10(2), 969-984.
Huber, D. E., Steiner, A. L., & Kort, E. A. (2023). Sensitivity of Modeled Soil NOx Emissions
to Soil Moisture. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 128(7),
e2022JD037611.
Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
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Huber, D. E., Kort, E.A. & Steiner, A. L. (2024). (in prep.). Soil Moisture, Soil NOx and
Regional Air Quality in the Agricultural Central United States.
UDAQ, 2023. State Implementation Plan, 2015 Ozone NAAQS Northern Wasatch Front
Moderate Nonattainment Area, Section IX Part D.11.
https://documents.deq.utah.gov/air-quality/planning/DAQ-2023-011344.pdf.

Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
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3.0 Budget
This project will be completed through a collaborative effort between Ramboll and Dr. Daniel
Huber who will be a consultant to Ramboll. The total estimated cost for the entire scope of
work described in Section 2 is $40,980.
Table 1 presents a detailed budget workup, which includes costs by task, personnel (fully
loaded labor rates, hours, and cost), and other direct costs. Ramboll’s loaded labor rates
are defined by the labor categories shown in Table 1. The proposed rate structure for this
study is based on a 10% reduction from our floor commercial rates.
Ramboll adds 3% to direct labor costs for telephones, copier services, and facsimile
charges, and 3% to direct labor costs for computers and printers (6% total). These indirect
rates are not applied to sub-contractor costs. Additionally, we are waiving our customary
10% fee on Dr. Huber’s subcontractor labor cost. Other direct costs include a high-volume
data disk drive to transfer project-generated modeling datasets, programs, and scripts to
UDAQ at the close of the project. Other direct costs also include 2-day travel for a single
person by air with meals and hotel accommodations to attend the 2025 Science for
Solutions conference. No other costs related to equipment, materials/supplies, or travel is
anticipated during the project.
We are proposing to conduct this study on a time and materials basis. As such, Ramboll will
submit monthly invoices for labor and other direct costs around the 15th of the following
month. We request payment terms on a net 30-day basis.

Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
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Table 1. Ramboll proposed project budget, including breakdown by task, personnel
(rates, hours and cost), and other direct costs.

4.0 Personnel Roles and Responsibilities
Below we list the key personnel that will conduct the proposed scope of work, noting their
titles and describing their main roles and responsibilities. We also provide a summary
paragraph for each describing relevant qualifications and experience. The organization chart
for the key personnel is shown in Figure 3. Full resumes for each are presented in Appendix
A. Additional Ramboll staff, not listed here for page restrictions, will be utilized in this
project to support our key personnel.
Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
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Figure 3 Organizational chart.

Dr. Greg Yarwood will serve as the Principal in Charge and will be responsible for
overseeing all aspects of the project including the final report.
Dr. Yarwood, a Principal at Ramboll, is an international expert with over 20 years of
experience in atmospheric chemistry, air quality and emissions inventory modelling and
development. He leads development of the CAMx model, maintains the Carbon Bond
chemical mechanism and collaborates on biogenic emission studies and model development.
Mr. Tejas Shah will serve as the overall project manager while leading the development of
soil NOx emissions and emissions sensitivity modeling aspect of this study.
Mr. Shah heads the Ramboll Emissions Modeling Group and is an expert in applying MEGAN
and SMOKE (including BEIS) for air quality modeling. His expertise includes emission and air
Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front
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quality modeling, emission inventory development, GIS spatial analysis, database
development, and preparing input files using GIS. He is completing an S4S project that
updated vegetation input data for MEGAN across the NWF in collaboration with Prof. Alex
Guenther, the lead scientist for MEGAN.
Dr. Daniel Huber will modify the standard soil NOx parameterization within the MEGAN
biogenic emissions model to include an updated soil moisture function based on his
experience implementing a similar update to the biogenic emission module in WRF-chem
which is based on an older version of MEGAN.
Dr. Ling Huang will lead the implementation of the updated soil NOx parameterization in
MEGAN, and she will be responsible for the development of soil NOx emissions using the
updated parameterization and inputs.
Dr. Huang is an expert in emission processing and air quality modeling. She has been the
lead programmer for updating the MEGAN model in recent years. She recently led the
estimation of soil NOx emissions in China using the BDSNP algorithm and quantified the
impacts on ground-level ozone concentrations.
Dr. Trang Tran will lead all modeling and analysis activities during the project.
Dr. Tran has over 10 years of experience in air quality modeling, specializing in weather and
3D-chemical transport modeling (e.g., WRF, WRF-Chem, CAMx) with advanced tool
utilization (e.g., data assimilation, source apportionment, and process analysis). She is an
expert in statistical model evaluation tools (e.g., AMET, SMAT-CE) and has strong
experience in emission inventory development and format processing (both top-down and
bottom-up-derived inventories) using various models/tools.

Ramboll – Improving Soil NOx Emission Estimates for the Wasatch Front

APPENDIX A

Resumes of Key Personnel

1/3 CV, GREGORY YARWOOD

GREGORY YARWOOD, PhD
Principal
Dr. Greg Yarwood is an internationally recognized expert with over 30
years of experience in atmospheric chemistry, air quality modeling,
photochemical model development, interpreting ambient air quality
data, and emissions inventory development. He directs air quality,
meteorological and emissions modeling studies for clients in
government and industry with emphasis on photochemical air
pollution issues, such as ozone, fine particulate matter (PM2.5),
visibility and air toxics. Greg designs and directs complex
photochemical modeling studies using models such as CAMx, CMAQ,
GEOS-Chem, SCICHEM and WRF. He oversees development of
Ramboll’s Comprehensive Air quality Model with extensions (CAMx:
http://www.camx.com) and he implemented the CAMx methods for
source attribution (OSAT and PSAT), sensitivity analysis (DDM and
HDDM) and process analysis. He is an expert atmospheric chemist
and leads development of the Carbon Bond chemical mechanisms
(including CB05, CB6 and CB7) that are used to model ozone and
PM2.5 in both CAMx and USEPA’s CMAQ model. He has specialized
expertise in characterizing air emissions from biogenic sources,
combustion engines and industrial flares. He directs research
studies that develop emission inventories from satellite
measurements of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and nitrogen oxides
(NOx). He has performed international air quality studies in Europe,
the Middle East, China, Australia and Africa. In the US, Greg advises
regional, state and local planning agencies as they develop and
implement plans to address air quality (non-attainment) issues. He
is experienced in communicating on air quality matters in settings
that range from international scientific conferences to community
meetings with diverse audiences. His scientific publication record is
highly ranked with an H-index of 44. Greg was appointed to
USEPA’s Board of Scientific Counselors for the Clean Air Research Program.
CAREER
1995-Present
Principal, Ramboll (formerly Environ)

1991-1995
Senior Scientist, ICF Systems Applications International, San Rafael, California

1988-1991
Post-Doctoral Researcher, Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, York University, Canada

1987-1988
Post-Doctoral Researcher, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York

CONTACT INFORMATION
Gregory Yarwood

[e-mail]
[phone]

Ramboll
7250 Redwood Boulevard
Suite 105
Novato, CA 94945
United States of America

2/3 CV, GREGORY YARWOOD

EDUCATION
1987
PhD, Chemistry, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom

1982
BSc, Chemistry, University of Bath, United Kingdom
EXPERIENCE
Regional Air Quality Planning
− Evaluating air quality (O3 and PM2.5) benefits of electrification and decarbonization strategies across
the US out to 2050.
− Near-real-time (NRT) photochemical modeling for Texas. The WRF/CAMx-based system models US-
wide air quality with fine-scale resolution for Dallas and Houston.
− Global modelling using GEOS-Chem to determine contributions of US and foreign emissions to background ozone in Texas’ ozone non-attainment areas.
− Developed ozone control strategies for the Northeast Texas region through a multi-stakeholder
process. These measures are included in the Texas State Implementation Plan (SIP) and the region
is attaining the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).
− Directed technical studies to support Texas’ State Implementation Plan (SIP) for the Houston and
Dallas ozone nonattainment areas including air quality, meteorological and emissions modeling and
the design and evaluation of emissions reduction strategies.
− Regional air quality planning studies for the Arabian Gulf (confidential client), China (Pearl River
Delta) and Southern Africa (Cross-border Air Pollution Impact Assessment).
Photochemical Model Development
− Ramboll’s Comprehensive Air quality Model with extensions (CAMx). Greg is responsible for the
model chemistry for O3 and PM2.5 and the advanced “probing tools” for source apportionment
(OSAT and PSAT), sensitivity analysis (DDM) and chemical process analysis (CPA).
− Designed the Ramboll Shair real-time air quality model (https://ramboll-shair.com) with hyperlocal
resolution and integration with sensor data to address community-level issues including
environmental justice.
Air Quality Data
− Designed aircraft-based monitoring studies for ozone and precursors in Texas.
− Directed ground-level monitoring of ozone, nitrogen oxides (NOx and NOy) and volatile organic
compounds (VOC).
− Reviewed VOC receptor modeling and ambient ratio (VOC/NOx and CO/NOx) studies for evidence of systematic biases between emission inventories and ambient data.
− Evaluated the air quality impacts of offshore oil drilling near Prudhoe Bay and the Arctic National
Wildlife Refuge ANWR) in Alaska.
− Testified on the PM impacts of re-powering a large utility boiler from oil to gas in a major
Northeastern US city.
Atmospheric Chemistry
− Member of the CRC Research Panel on the Atmospheric Chemistry of Hydrocarbons (RPACH) that
published reviews of the chemistry of alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons.
− Developer of Carbon Bond gas-phase chemical mechanisms including CB05, CB6 used in EPA
regulatory modeling studies of ozone, particulate matter and air toxics, and the latest version CB7.
− Created chemical mechanisms describing atmospheric transformations of polyfluorinated
substances (PFAS) to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) for regional and global modeling.
− Made laboratory measurements of reaction rates for NOx species under high temperature
(combustion) and low temperature (stratospheric) conditions.

3/3 CV, GREGORY YARWOOD

Emission Inventories
− Directed development of a Northeast Texas emission inventory for SIP modeling and submission to
the National Emission Inventory (NEI). Local surveys were conducted to improve the area, off-road
and biogenic emission inventories.
− Directed optical remote sensing studies to measure VOC, NOx and SOx emissions from chemical
industry facilities in Texas and the Middle East.
− Analyzed the effects of reformulated/alternative fuels and advanced vehicles on mobile source emissions for the joint Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program (AQIRP).
MEMBERSHIPS
Air and Waste Management Association (AWMA)
American Chemical Society (ACS)
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
RECENT PUBLICATIONS Nawaz, M.O., Johnson, J., Yarwood, G., de Foy, B., Judd, L.M. and Goldberg, D.L., 2023. An
intercomparison of satellite, airborne, and ground-level observations with WRF-CAMx simulations of
NO 2 columns over Houston, TX during the September 2021 TRACER-AQ campaign. EGUsphere,
2023, pp.1-34.
Huang, L., Liu, H., Yarwood, G., Wilson, G., Tao, J., Han, Z., Ji, D., Wang, Y. and Li, L., 2023. Modeling
of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) based on two commonly used air quality models in China:
Consistent S/IVOCs contribution but large differences in SOA aging. Science of The Total
Environment, 903, p.166162.
Huang, L., Fang, J., Liao, J., Yarwood, G., Chen, H., Wang, Y. and Li, L., 2023. Insights into soil NO
emissions and the contribution to surface ozone formation in China. Atmospheric Chemistry and
Physics, 23(23), pp.14919-14932.
Bistline, J.E., Blanford, G., Grant, J., Knipping, E., McCollum, D.L., Nopmongcol, U., Scarth, H., Shah, T.
and Yarwood, G., 2022. Economy-wide evaluation of CO2 and air quality impacts of electrification in
the United States. Nature Communications, 13(1), p.6693.
Goldberg, D.L., Harkey, M., de Foy, B., Judd, L., Johnson, J., Yarwood, G. and Holloway, T., 2022. Evaluating NO x emissions and their effect on O3 production in Texas using TROPOMI NO2 and
HCHO. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 22(16), pp.10875-10900.
Dunker, A.M., Wilson, G., Bates, J. and Yarwood, G., 2020. Chemical Sensitivity Analysis and
Uncertainty Analysis of Ozone Production in the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions
Applied to Eastern Texas. Environmental Science & Technology. doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b07543
Luecken, D.J., Yarwood, G., Hutzell, W. H., 2019. Multipollutant modeling of ozone, reactive nitrogen
and HAPs across the continental US with CMAQ-CB6. Atmos. Environ. 201, 62–72.
Guenther, A., Jiang, X., Shah, T., Huang, L., Kemball-Cook, S. and Yarwood, G., 2019. Model of
Emissions of Gases and Aerosol from Nature Version 3 (MEGAN3). Air Pollution Modeling and its
Application XXVI, p.187.
Emery, C., Liu, Z., Russell, A.G., Odman, M.T., Yarwood, G. and Kumar, N., 2017. Recommendations on
statistics and benchmarks to assess photochemical model performance. Journal of the Air & Waste
Management Association, 67(5), pp.582-598. doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2016.1265027.
Dunker, A.M., B. Koo, G. Yarwood. “Ozone Sensitivity to Isoprene Chemistry and Emissions and
Anthropogenic Emissions in Central California.” Atmos. Environ., 145, 326-337, 2016.
Nopmongcol, U., J. Jung, N. Kumar, G. Yarwood. 2016. “Changes in US Background Ozone Due to
Global Anthropogenic Emissions from 1970 to 2020.” Atmos. Environ., 140, 446-455.
Dunker, A. M., B. Koo, and G. Yarwood. 2015. “Source Apportionment of the Anthropogenic Increment
to Ozone, Formaldehyde, and Nitrogen Dioxide by the Path-Integral Method in a 3D Model.” Environ.
Sci. Technol., 49, 6751-6759.

1/3 CV, TEJAS SHAH

TEJAS SHAH
Managing Consultant
Tejas Shah brings a wealth of expertise and experience to the field of
air pollution analyses, accumulating over 19 years of in-depth
knowledge. His expertise includes emission inventory development,
emission modeling, air quality modeling, spatial analysis with GIS,
database tool development, and control strategy analysis. Tejas is
particularly well-versed with EPA’s National Emissions Inventory (NEI)
and possesses extensive experience in biogenic emissions modeling.
He is currently managing a project for UDAQ S4S to improve
vegetation data for the biogenic emission inventory of the Wasatch
Front. He successfully led a project to improve the biogenic emissions
inventory in Northeast Texas. Tejas has played a pivotal role in
leading numerous emissions modeling projects for various regulatory
and research applications, particularly supporting Environmental
Impact Statements (EIS) and Resource Management Plans (RMP) for
BLM and NHTSA. Tejas has demonstrated his proficiency within
Ramboll in Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE)
processing, handling both regional and project-level emission
inventories. His spatial analyses involve preparing land
use/landcover files for the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with
extensions (CAMx) and MEGAN models using GIS. Furthermore,
Tejas has taken charge of managing photochemical modeling
studies not only in the US but also in other world regions.

SELECTED EXPERIENCE
UDAQ FY23 Science for Solutions
− Successfully managed a project aimed at enhancing
vegetation data for the biogenic emissions inventory of the
Wasatch Front leveraging high-resolution satellite data and machine learning.
Air Quality Modeling Analysis to Support NHTSA’s CAFE Standards − Managed emission modeling for air quality assessments in
support of the EIS for NHTSA’s Corporate Average Fuel
Economy (CAFE) standards. The emissions modeling
included three action alternatives for MY 2024-2026 light-
duty vehicles and supporting technical documentation.
Improving Mexico Emissions Inventory Using Satellite Data − Evaluated emission inventories for Mexico and made
targeted improvements by drawing upon several satellite-
derived datasets.
Air Quality and Emissions Modeling Support to EPA OAQPS
− Manages EPA work to maintain the “Speciation Tool” ancillary processor that creates speciation
profiles for SMOKE using SPECIATE data.
− Developed oil and gas inventory and ancillary data files for processing oil and gas emissions for
EPA’s emissions modeling platforms. Work included developing speciation profiles and gridding
surrogates for oil and gas activities and preparing inventories for SMOKE processing.

CONTACT INFORMATION
Tejas Shah

[e-mail]
[phone]

Ramboll
7250 Redwood Boulevard
Suite 105
Novato, CA 94945

EDUCATION
2000-2003
MS, Chemical Engineering
Lamar University, Beaumont,
Texas

1996-2000
BS, Chemical Engineering
Mumbai University, Mumbai,
India

2/3 CV, TEJAS SHAH

LADCO Assessment of NOx Control Options for Stationary Point Sources
− Led a project for LADCO to identify and evaluate nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions control
options for Electric Generating Units (EGU) and other industrial (non-EGU) point sources.
BAAQMD Improve Methods for Spatially Allocating Emissions
− Developed methods for characterizing the spatial distribution of emissions in the San Francisco
Bay Area at fine resolution to support local scale modeling.
BOEM Air Quality Impacts of Off-Shore Oil and Gas Production − Recently managed regional emissions modeling for analyzing the on-shore air quality impacts of
outer continental shelf oil and gas development in the Arctic Sea near Alaska and the Gulf of
Mexico. This multi-year multi-million-dollar study will project future year emissions and air
quality impacts and develop emission exception screening thresholds.
Allegheny County PM2.5 State Implementation Plans
− Task Manager for developing emissions input for air quality modeling to demonstrate that
Allegheny County (Pittsburgh), Pennsylvania will attain the PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality
Standard (NAAQS).
Western Regional Air Partnership (WRAP) Region-Wide Emissions Inventory
− Provided GIS support in developing a region-wide O&G emissions inventory for current and
future years in the western US for the Western Regional Air Partnership (WRAP). It includes performing spatial analyses using ARC/GIS tools, preparing map displays using ARC/MAP and developing gridding surrogates based on O&G activities using ARC Macro Language (AML)
scripts.
Development of Gridded Ocean-Going Vessel Emissions Inventories − Prepared gridded Commercial Marine Vessel Emissions Inventory for EPA. Detailed US port
emission inventory was spatially allocated into a gridded format. The port emissions were then
blended with the STEEM data, which together create the merged, gridded commercial marine
vessel emissions inventory. ARC/GIS buffer tool was used to define various distance regions
(25, 50, 100, and 200 nautical miles) from the US shoreline.
Development of California Emission Estimator Model (CalEEMod)
− Collaborated on the development of CalEEMod, a statewide land use emissions computer model
designed to provide a uniform platform to quantify potential criteria pollutant and greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions associated with both construction and operation from a variety of land use
projects. Air districts throughout the state are recommending its use for air quality analysis.
BLM Oklahoma-Kansas-Texas (OKT) EIS and Resource Management Plan
− Managed emissions modeling task of the BLM Oklahoma-Kansas-Texas (OKT) modeling study to assess the air quality impacts of oil and gas development and coal mines on federal and non-
federal lands and other cumulative regional sources. Emissions of criteria air pollutants from
predicted oil and gas development in the three-state area were developed for this study.
BLM Colorado Air Resource Management Modeling Study (CARMMS) − Emissions Modeling Lead for the BLM CARMMS study that assess the air quality (AQ) and air
quality related value (AQRV) impacts of new federal oil and gas and other cumulative sources
including non-federal O&G, mining and other regional emissions in each of the BLM Colorado
Field Office planning areas, as well as the Mancos Shale area in northwest New Mexico. Air
quality modeling emissions inputs were developed for high, medium and low O&G development
scenarios for future years 2021 and 2025.
BLM Montana/Dakotas PGM Modeling Study
− Task Manager for developing air quality modeling emissions for the BLM Montana/Dakotas PGM
modeling study to assess the AQ and AQRV impacts due to oil and gas development. The
Bakken Shale formation in the Montana/Dakotas region is the most rapidly growing oil and gas
development area in the U.S. Under this study, Ramboll Environ is developing a comprehensive
oil and gas emissions inventory and performing base year 2012/2013 and future year 2032
modeling using the CAMx photochemical grid model.

3/3 CV, TEJAS SHAH

Navajo Generating Stations (NGS) EIS Assessment
− Task Manager for developing criteria and HAP emission inventory for NGS for lease extension
EIS. This was the most comprehensive and complete AQ, ecological and human health
assessment ever performed for an EIS.
SMOKE-MOVES Processing for Denver Ozone Modeling
− Developed an approach to use link-based data from TDM models as input to the SMOKE-MOVES
processing tool. Processed detailed vehicular activity data to prepare model-ready emissions for
on-road sources. The off-network emissions were spatially allocated using surrogates developed from trip starts (start exhaust) and trip ends (for evaporative processes) by Traffic Analysis
Zone (TAZ). This approach takes advantage of detailed link-based spatial and temporal varying
activity data available from TDM models.
Air Quality Assessments in Alberta, Canada
− Performed emissions modeling of regional emission inventories for North East Alberta modeling
studies and North Saskatchewan Region of Alberta.
Continental-Divide Creston O&G EIS
− Performed emission modeling for the BLM Continental Divide-Creston (CD-C) O&G EIS air
quality assessment. This was the first BLM O&G EIS that elected to use a PGM for the mid-field
and far-field AQ and AQRV impacts. The CD-C O&G EIS proposes to drill almost 9,000 new wells
in southwestern Wyoming and represents BP Americas largest on-land natural gas production
field. The ROD was released in September 2016.
Hiawatha Energy Development
− Technical Lead for developing mode-ready emissions for the Hiawatha Energy Development O&G
EIS located on the border of Wyoming and Colorado. This BLM O&G EIS used the CAMx PGM to estimate the AQ and AQRV impacts.
SELECTED PRESENTATIONS & PUBLICATIONS Shah T. 2023. “Biogenic Emission Inventory Improvement Using High-resolution Satellite” Presented at
the 2023 Emissions Inventory Conference. September
Shah, T. 2019. “Improving Mexico Emissions Inventory Using Satellite Data” Presented at the 2019
CMAS Conference. October
Shah, T. 2017. “Composition of Organic Gas Emissions from Flaring Natural Gas” Presented at the EPA’s
2017 International Emissions Inventory Conference. August
https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2017-11/documents/organic_gas.pdf
Nopmongcol, U., J. Grant, E. Knipping, M. Alexander, R. Schurhoff, D. Young, J. Jung, T. Shah, G.
Yarwood. 2017. “Air Quality Impacts of Electrifying Vehicles and Equipment across the United
States.” Environmental Science & Technology. doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b04868
Collet, S., T. Kidokoro, P. Karamchandani, T. Shah, and J. Jung. 2017. “Future year ozone prediction for
the United States using updated models and inputs.” JAWMA.
doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2017.1310149
Shah, T., Y. Alvarez, M. Jimenez, R. Morris, A. Brimmer and K. Lloyd. 2016. “Incorporate Traffic
Demand Model Data in SMOKE-MOVES Processing for Denver Ozone Modeling” Presented at the 2016 CMAS Conference. October
Vijayaraghavan, K., C. Lindhjem, B. Koo, A. DenBleyker, E. Tai, T. Shah, Y. Alvarez, G. Yarwood. 2016.
“Source Apportionment of Emissions from Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicles and Other Sources in the
United States for Ozone and Particulate Matter.” Journal of the Air & Waste Management
Association, 66, 2, 98-119. doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2015.1112316
Daniel Emery Huber Ph.D., Postdoctoral Associate
Environmental & Occupational Health, George Washington University
E-mail: [e-mail]

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

Postdoctoral Associate, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 11/2023-Present

Graduate Student Research Assistant, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 2018-2023

Intern, Sacramento Air Quality Management District (SMAQMD), Sacramento, CA, 01/2018-06/2018

Research Intern, NASA Student Airborne Research Program (SARP), NASA Armstrong Flight Research
Center and University of California, Irvine, CA, Summer 2017

EDUCATION

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ph.D., 2023

University of California, Davis, CA, Atmospheric Science, B.Sc., 2018

PUBLICATIONS
PENDING

Huber, D. E., Kort, E.A. & Steiner, A. L. (in prep.). Soil Moisture, Soil NOx and Regional Air Quality in
the Agricultural Central United States.

REFEREED PUBLICATIONS

Huber, D. E., Steiner, A. L. & Kort, E. A. (2023). Sensitivity of Modeled Soil NOx Emissions to Soil
Moisture. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD037611.

Huber, D. E., Steiner, A. L. & Kort, E. A. (2020). Daily Cropland Soil NOx Emissions Identified by
TROPOMI and SMAP. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(22). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL089949.

PRESENTATIONS AND POSTERS

INVITED TALKS

2022 Huber, D. E., Kort, E. A., Steiner, A. L. Examining the Role of Soil Moisture on Soil NOx
Emissions. Abstract 5A.1. 24th Conf. on Atmospheric Chemistry, American Meteorological
Society Annual Meeting. January, Houston, TX. Invited Talk.

CONFERENCE TALKS AND POSTERS

2024 Huber, D. E., Kort, E. A., Goldberg, D. L., Steiner, A. L. The influence of soil nitrogen
oxide emissions on primary and secondary pollutant formation. Abstract 1C.5. 26th Conf.
on Atmospheric Chemistry, American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting. January,
Baltimore, MD. Talk.

2023 Huber, D. E., Kort, E. A., Steiner, A. L. Agricultural Soil NOx and its Contribution to
Primary and Secondary Pollutant Formation. Abstract A51E-04. American Geophysical
Union Fall Meeting. December, San Francisco, CA. Talk.

2022 Huber, D. E., Kort, E. A., Steiner, A. L. Evaluating the Impact of Soil Moisture on
Agricultural Soil NOx Emissions and Air Quality. Abstract A33G-01. American
Geophysical Union Fall Meeting. December, Chicago, IL. Talk.

2022 Huber, D. E., Kort, E. A., Steiner, A. L. Soil Moisture, Agricultural and Soil NOx
Emissions. Midwest Student Conference for Atmospheric Research. October, Champaign,
IL. Talk.

2022 Huber, D. E., Kort, E. A., Steiner, A. L. The influence of soil moisture on soil NOx
emissions: sensitivity to inputs and a more robust model parameterization. Abstract 339.
17th International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Conference. September, Manchester,
United Kingdom. Poster.

2022 Huber, D. E., Kort, E. A., Steiner, A. L. Improved representation of the relationship
between soil moisture and soil NOx emissions. Abstract A37. Michigan Geophysical
Union. April, Ann Arbor, MI. Poster.

2019 Huber, D. E., Steiner, A. L., Kort, E. A. Space-Based Observations of NOx Emissions
from Agriculture. Abstract A32D-03. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting.
December, San Francisco, CA. Talk.

2019 Huber, D. E., Steiner, A. L., Kort, E. A. Agricultural NOx Emissions and the Contribution
to Regional Ozone. Abstract #2. Michigan Geophysical Union. April, Ann Arbor, MI.
Poster.

2017 Huber, D. E., Hughes, S., Blake, D. R. Examining Dimethyl Sulfide Emissions in
California’s San Joaquin Valley. Abstract B11E-1717. American Geophysical Union Fall
Meeting. December, New Orleans, LA. Poster.

AWARDS

2023 Outstanding Student Presentation Award (OSPA), AGU 2022 Fall Meeting, Chicago

2017 NASA Student Airborne Research Program conference travel award

TECHNICAL AND RESEARCH SKILLS

Computer Proficiency: R, Python, NCO, CDO (data analysis/programming); Fortran 77/90 (programming,
parametrization modification); Linux-based operating systems; LaTeX; MS Office

Satellite Remote Sensing: TROPOMI / OMI (NO2); SMAP (soil moisture); MODIS (land surface)

Chemical Transport Modeling: experience running WRF-Chem and modifying model parameterizations

Peer Reviewer: Earth System Science Data (ESSD); Earth’s Future; Environmental Research Letters (ERL)

1/4 CV, LING HUANG

LING HUANG
Senior Project Consultant
Dr. Ling Huang is a Senior Project Consultant at Ramboll’s Shanghai
office, specializing in emission processing and air quality modeling.
She holds a Master’s degree in Environmental and Water Resources
Engineering and a Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering, both from the
University of Texas at Austin. Her prior research focused on
understanding the impact of drought on regional air quality in Texas
through drought-induced changes in various natural systems. Ling is
proficient with SMOKE, MEGAN, CAMx, and is competent in NCL,
ArcGIS, shell scripting and FORTRAN. Ling has authored several
articles in top peer-reviewed journals, including Atmospheric
Chemistry and Physics, Environmental International, Science of the
Total Environment and presented at a number of local and
international conferences.

EDUCATION
PhD, Chemical Engineering
University of Texas at Austin

MS, Environmental and Water Resources Engineering
University of Texas at Austin

BE, Water and Wastewater Engineering
Tongji University, Shanghai, China

SELECTED EXPERIENCE − Led the estimation of soil NOx emissions in China using
BDSNP algorithm and quantified the impacts on ground-
level ozone concentrations;
− Technical lead of source code modification for implementing
BDSNP soil NOx emissions into MEGAN3.1;
− Technical lead of source code modification for MEGAN3 and associated pre-processors;
conducted sensitivity runs using MEGAN3
− Technical lead of updating BVOC emissions using MEGAN3 for ETCOG, CTCOG, HOTCOG in
Texas;
− Led the biogenic emissions modelling of Yangtze River Delta Region (China) using MEGAN and
investigated the uncertainties associated with land cover dataset and drought impacts;
− Provided MEGAN modeling support in developing biogenic emissions for various projects
− Technical lead of developing an easy-to-use spreadsheet-based tool for speciation and prepared
speciation database for Yangtze River Delta Region
− Technical lead of SMOKE modeling of emissions from oil and gas and coal mining developments
in the Oklahoma, Kansas, and Texas (OKT) three-state planning areas to support the Resource
Management Plan (RMP). Work included developing gridding surrogates for OKT oil and gas
activities, consolidating different emission inventories, preparing SMOKE-ready files, merging
with other regional emissions to generate CAMx-ready emissions, and various QA activities.

CONTACT INFORMATION
Ling Huang

[e-mail]

Ramboll
Suite 13A, New Hualian
Mansion East Building
755 Huaihai Road (Middle),
Shanghai 200020
P. R. China

2/4 CV, LING HUANG

CAREER
2016-Present
Senior Project Consultant, Ramboll

2012-2015
Graduate Research Assistant, University of Texas at Austin
− Evaluated the regional, seasonal, and interannual contributions of environmental factors on
biogenic emissions over eastern Texas
− Investigated the influence of different land cover characterization on biogenic emissions and
subsequent predictions of ozone concentrations in eastern Texas
− Investigated the impact of drought on ozone dry deposition velocity and associated component resistance in Texas
− Examined the effects of drought associated changes on biogenic emissions, dry deposition, and
meteorology on ground-level ozone concentrations in eastern Texas

2010-2011
Graduate Research Assistant, University of Texas at Austin − Conducted batch experiments to delineate the kinetics of antibiotics degradation by ozonation
− Investigated the effects of pH, carbonate and phosphate buffers, and initial ozone dose on
antibiotic degradation by ozonation

2007-2009
Undergraduate Research Assistant, Tongji University − Investigated adsorption ability of particle activated carbon at different temperatures and
delineated the adsorption isotherm of particle activated carbon
− Compared the adsorption ability of wood-based vs. coal-based activated carbon
− Developed a novel method to quickly delineate adsorption isotherm by experiment

PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS
Huang, L., Fang, J., Liao, J., Yarwood, G., Chen, H., Wang, Y., & Li, L. * (2023). Insights into soil NO
emissions and the contribution to surface ozone formation in China. Atmospheric Chemistry and
Physics, 23(23), 14919-14932.
Huang, L., Liu, H., Yarwood, G.*, Wilson, G., Tao, J., Han, Z., Ji, D., Wang, Y., & Li, L. * (2023).
Modeling of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) based on two commonly used air quality models in
China: Consistent S/IVOCs contribution but large differences in SOA aging. Science of The Total
Environment, 903, 166162. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166162
Huang, L., Zhu, Y., Liu, H., Wang, Y., Allen, D. T., Chel Gee Ooi, M., Manomaiphiboon, K., Talib Latif, M., Chan, A., & Li, L. (2023). Assessing the contribution of open crop straw burning to ground-level
ozone and associated health impacts in China and the effectiveness of straw burning bans.
Environment international, 171, 107710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107710
Zhai, H., Huang, L.*, Emery, C., Zhang, X., Wang, Y., Yarwood, G., Fu, J. S., & Li, L.* (2024).
Recommendations on benchmarks for photochemical air quality model applications in China — NO2,
SO2, CO and PM10. Atmospheric Environment, 319, 120290.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120290
Du, X., Tang, W. *, Zhang, Z., Yu, Y., Li, Y., Huang, L. *, Yarwood, G., & Meng, F. (2023). Improving
photochemical indicators for attributing ozone sensitivities in source apportionment analysis. Journal
of Environmental Sciences.
Huang, L., Kimura, Y., & Allen, D. T.* (2022). Assessing the impact of episodic flare emissions on ozone
formation in the Houston-Galveston-Brazoria area of Texas. Science of The Total Environment, 828,
154276. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154276

3/4 CV, LING HUANG

Huang, L., Zhu, Y., Zhai, H., Xue, S., Zhu, T., Shao, Y., Liu, Z., Emery, C., Yarwood, G., Wang, Y., Fu,
J., Zhang, K., & Li, L.* (2021). Recommendations on benchmarks for numerical air quality model
applications in China – Part 1: PM2.5 and chemical species. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21(4), 2725-2743.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2725-2021
Ling, H., Qing, L., Jian, X., Lishu, S., Liang, L., Qian, W., Yangjun, W., Chaojun, G., Hong, Z., Qiang, Y., Sen, Z., Guozhu, Z., & Li, L.* (2021). Strategies towards PM2.5 attainment for non-compliant cities in China: A case study. Journal of Environmental Management, 298, 113529.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113529
Yumin, L., Shiyuan, L., Ling, H.*, Ziyi, L., Yonghui, Z., Li, L., Yangjun, W., & Kangjuan, L. (2021). The
casual effects of COVID-19 lockdown on air quality and short-term health impacts in China.
Environmental Pollution, 290, 117988.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117988
Huang, L., Zhu, Y., Wang, Q., Zhu, A., Liu, Z., Wang, Y., Allen, D. T., & Li, L.* (2021). Assessment of
the effects of straw burning bans in China: Emissions, air quality, and health impacts. Science of
The Total Environment, 789, 147935.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147935
Wang, Y., Tan, X., Huang, L.*, Wang, Q., Li, H., Zhang, H., Zhang, K., Liu, Z., Traore, D., Yaluk, E., Fu,
J. S., & Li, L.* (2021). The impact of biogenic emissions on ozone formation in the Yangtze River
Delta region based on MEGANv3.1. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 14(5), 763-774.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-021-00977-0
Huang, L., Wang, Q., Wang, Y. *, Emery, C., Zhu, A., Zhu, Y., Yin, S., Yarwood, G., Zhang, K., & Li, L.*
(2021). Simulation of secondary organic aerosol over the Yangtze River Delta region: The impacts from the emissions of intermediate volatility organic compounds and the SOA modeling framework. Atmospheric Environment, 246, 118079.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.118079
Huang, L., Liu, Z., Li, H., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Zhu, Y., Ooi, M. C. G., An, J., Shang, Y., Zhang, D., Chan, A.,
& Li, L. * (2020). The Silver Lining of COVID-19: Estimation of Short-Term Health Impacts Due to
Lockdown in the Yangtze River Delta Region, China. GeoHealth, 4(9), e2020GH000272.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GH000272
Huang, L., An, J., Koo, B., Yarwood, G., Yan, R., Wang, Y., Huang, C. *, & Li, L. * (2019). Sulfate
formation during heavy winter haze events and the potential contribution from heterogeneous
SO2 + NO2 reactions in the Yangtze River Delta region, China. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19(22), 14311-
14328. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14311-2019
Huang, L., McDonald-Buller, E. C. *, McGaughey, G., Kimura, Y., & Allen, D. T. (2016). The impact of
drought on ozone dry deposition over eastern Texas. Atmospheric Environment, 127, 176-186.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.12.022
Huang, L., McGaughey, G. *, McDonald-Buller, E., Kimura, Y., & Allen, D. T. (2015). Quantifying
regional, seasonal and interannual contributions of environmental factors on isoprene and
monoterpene emissions estimates over eastern Texas. Atmospheric Environment, 106, 120-128. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.01.072
Huang, L., McDonald-Buller, E. C. *, McGaughey, G., Kimura, Y., & Allen, D. T. (2014). Annual
variability in leaf area index and isoprene and monoterpene emissions during drought years in Texas.
Atmospheric Environment, 92, 240-249.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.04.016
Huang, L., McDonald-Buller, E., McGaughey, G., Kimura, Y., & Allen, D. T. (2015). Comparison of
regional and global land cover products and the implications for biogenic emission modeling. Journal
of the Air & Waste Management Association, 65(10), 1194-1205.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2015.1057302
Huang, L., E. McDonald-Buller, G. McGaughey, Y. Kimura, D.T. Allen, Dry Deposition Estimates in Texas
During Drought Years, Texas Air Quality Symposium, April 10, 2015. (Poster Presentation)
Huang, L., E. McDonald-Buller, G. McGaughey, Y. Kimura, D.T. Allen, Dry Deposition Estimates in Texas
During Drought Years, American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, December 15-19, 2014. (Poster
Presentation)

4/4 CV, LING HUANG

Huang, L., E. McDonald-Buller, G. McGaughey, Y. Kimura, D.T. Allen. Comparison of Regional and
Global Land Cover Products and the Implications for Biogenic Emissions Modeling, 13th Annual
CMAS Conference, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, October 27-29, 2014. (Poster Presentation)
Huang, L., G. McGaughey, E. McDonald-Buller, Y. Kimura, D.T. Allen, Annual Variability in Leaf Area
Index and Isoprene and Monoterpene Emissions in Texas during Drought Years, Water Forum III: Droughts and Other Extreme Water Events, October 14-15, 2013. (Oral Presentation)

1/3 CV, TRANG TRAN

TRANG TRAN, PHD

Senior Consultant
Dr. Trang Tran has over 10 years’ experience in air quality modeling,
specializing in weather and 3D-chemical transport modeling (e.g.,
WRF, WRF-Chem, CAMx) with advance tool utilization (e.g., data
assimilation, source apportionment, and process analysis). She is an
expert in statistical model evaluation tools (e.g., AMET, SMAT-CE) and
has strong experience in emission inventory development and format
processing (both top-down and bottom-up-derived inventories) using
various models/tools such as SMOKE, Prep_chem_sources,
anthro_emiss, and EPA_anthro_emiss. Dr. Tran is experienced in
environmental impact assessment (EIA) reporting, particularly for oil
and gas clients. Her programming expertise includes both basic and
visualization languages (e.g., Fortran, C, R, python, NCL, VAPOR,
IDL) and she is also comfortable working on UNIX/Linux Cluster High
Performance Computing systems.

PROJECT EXPERIENCE
2022-2023
Clark County Ozone State Implementation Plan
Processing and QA’ing emission input files for control strategies,
performing photochemical simulations, Weigh of Evidence analysis,
and model performance evaluation. In this project Ramboll is
conducting and documenting the photochemical modeling and
ancillary weight-of-evidence analyses that support an ozone
attainment demonstration for the Clark County Non-Attainment Area
Moderate Ozone SIP.

2019-2023
BLM Montana/Dakotas PGM Modeling Study
Developing air quality modeling emissions for the BLM
Montana/Dakotas PGM modeling study to assess the air quality and
Air Quality Related Value (AQRV) impacts due to oil and gas
development. The Bakken Shale formation in the Montana/Dakotas
region is the most rapidly growing oil and gas development area in
the U.S. Under this study, Ramboll is developing a comprehensive oil
and gas emissions inventory and performing base year 2012/2013
and future year 2032 modeling using the CAMx photochemical grid
model.

2022-2023
PGM for the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation
Provided technical support in emission input preparation, QA’d on
SMOKE output files, performed photochemical simulations and model
performance evaluation. Ramboll provided PGM modeling assistance
to: 1) assess The Tennessee Valley Authority Coal Plant Retirement
impacts; 2) model Sullivan County SO2 NAA around Eastman

CONTACT INFORMATION
Trang Tran

[e-mail]

Ramboll
7250 Redwood Blvd.
Suite 105
Novato, CA 94945

EDUCATION
2013 Ph.D., Environmental Chemistry (majoring in air quality modeling)
University of Alaska, Fairbanks
2008
M.S., Environmental Engineering and
Management
Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand
2005
B.A., Environmental Sciences
HCMC University of Natural Sciences,
Vietnam

2/3 CV, TRANG TRAN

Chemical Facility and 3) provide PGM training for the Tennessee Department of Environment and
Conservation Staff.

2022-2023
Modeling the Visibility Impacts of Petroleum Refineries in the State of Washington
Provided technical support in emission data processing, photochemical simulations, model performance
evaluation and visibility impact analysis. Under this project, Ramboll provided technical support to
satisfy the requirements in Western States Petroleum Association’s March 17, 2022 “Request for
Proposal – Regional Haze Visibility Modeling” to estimate the effects on visibility due to emissions from
the major five refineries.

2022-2023
FEI Processor Developments and Virtual Workshop for Texas Commission on Environmental, United
States
Processed observed and modeled data for CAMx Model Performance Evaluation. Ramboll assisted the
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality to improve and expand usability of the FEI tool and
conduct a workshop on photochemical modeling best practices.

2022-2023
WESTAR: WY CSAPR
Western States Air Resources Council (WESTAR), United States
Processed EPA’s AQS data to calculate O3 design values with and without wildfire exceptional events.
Ramboll is analyzing EPA’s 2015 Ozone NAAQS Good Neighbor FIP for Wyoming as a subcontractor to
WESTAR where EPA claims WY contributes significantly to ozone nonattainment at a monitor in
Colorado.

2020-2023
Trinity: ADEC Fairbanks CMAQ PM2.5 SIP
Processed observed and modeled data for CMAQ Model Performance Evaluation. Ramboll conducted
CMAQ modeling for the Fairbanks region for the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation
(ADEC) to support the development of a PM2.5 State Implementation Plan (SIP) under subcontract to
Trinity Consultants.

2022-2023
MAG TO#1: 03 Precursor Controls: Comprehensive List
Maricopa Assoc. of Governments, United States
Reviewed and documented emission control measures. Task Order 1: Ramboll developed a
comprehensive list of ozone precursor emission control measures in Maricopa County in support of State
Implementation Planning.

2022-2023
MAG TO#2: 03 Precursors Controls: Emission and Cost Analysis
Maricopa Assoc. of Governments, United States
Reviewed and documented emission control measures. Task Order 2: Ramboll developed emission
reductions and cost analysis for ozone precursors in Maricopa County in support of State
Implementation Planning.

2022
Alberta Environment and Parks Task3 DIZ CMAQ Deposition
Alberta Environment and Park, Canada
Developed deposition results from the DIZ CMAQ modeling database.

3/3 CV, TRANG TRAN

2022-2023
Toyota: Future Year PM and Ozone Modeling
Toyota Motor North America, Inc., United States
Performed SMAT analysis. Ramboll conducted emissions development and air quality modeling to
determine PM source attribution and ozone sensitivity to NOx and VOC emissions

2018-2022
Regional Air Quality Council: Denver Ozone SIP RAQC, Colorado, United States
Provided technical support on emissions processing in conducting ozone SIP modeling to demonstrate
that the Denver region will attain the 2015 ozone NAAQS by 2023 for the Denver Regional Air Quality
Council.

CAREER
7/2022 – present
Ramboll, Senior Consultant I
- Preparing SMOKE model input data, QA’ing on SMOKE emission output files.
- Performing Photochemical Grid Model simulations, model performance evaluation, and other
post-process analysis.
- Technical report writing

9/2020 – 6/2022
Desert Research Institute, Air Quality Modeler – Assistant Research Professor
- Conducted air quality modeling projects to study ozone sensitivity in response to emission
changes in New York City area
- Air quality/ wildfire forecasting using numerical models
- Published and contributed to proposal development

6/2013 – 8/2020
Bingham Research Center – Utah State University, Senior Research Scientist/Postdoctoral Researcher
- Conducted air quality modeling projects to study winter ozone pollution due to oil and gas
exploration activities in Uinta Basin.
- Contributed to air monitoring projects funded for Energy and Minerals Department, Ute Indian
Tribe
- Published, prepared technical reports, proposal development and project management

2/2009 – 5/2013
Department of Environmental Chemistry – University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Research Assistant
- Developed and conducted research to investigate the reasons for air quality degradation in the
wilderness areas of Alaska.
- Research focus: air quality modeling with WRF/Chem, CMAQ, HYSPLIT, AEMOD, GIS
- Published and presented research findings in conferences/meetings

PUBLICATIONS
Available upon request