DRC-2023-071664 - 0901a0688126c007

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UTAH DIVISION OF RADIATION CONTROL
RML # UT1900479
ENERGY FUELS WHITE MESA MILL
INSPECTION MODULE EM-01
SEMI-ANNUAL EFFLUENT MONITORING REPORT
REPORTING PERIOD: January 1, 2023 through June 30, 2023

References: Utah Administrative Code R313-24-4;
10CFR40.65;
Radioactive Materials License UT1900479;
10CFR20 Appendix B Table II (Accessed March 8, 2023);
NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14;
Standard Operating Procedures (Dated December 19, 2022 and received December 22,
2022)

Inspector: Heather Mickelson Date: September 5, 2023

10CFR40.65(a)(1) requires the licensee to submit a report within 60 days after January 1 and July
1 of each year. The report must specify the quantity of each of the principal radionuclides released
to unrestricted areas in liquid and in gaseous effluents during the previous six months of operation.

1. Did the licensee submit the report within 60 days of the end of the reporting period i.e.,
January 1st or July 1st? (10CFR40.65(a)(1))
Yes No
Comments:
The Semi-Annual Effluent Monitoring Report for the Period January 1, 2023 through June 30, 2023 was
dated August 16, 2023 and was received on August 22, 2023.

2. Were the stack samples analyzed for U-nat, 230Th, 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14)
Yes No N/A
Comments:
Stack sampling did not occur as the stacks were not operated during the reporting period. The south
yellow cake dryer and the south yellowcake baghouse stacks were most recently sampled during the 4th
quarter of 2022. The north yellowcake dryer has not been in operation since the third quarter of 2012
and has not been sampled since that time.

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3. Were site boundary effluent air samples analyzed for U-nat, 230Th, 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC Reg
Guide 4.14)
Yes No

10CFR20 Appendix B Table 2 first paragraph states “The columns in Table 2 of this appendix captioned
"Effluents," "Air," and "Water," are applicable to the assessment and control of dose to the public,
particularly in the implementation of the provisions of § 20.1302. The concentration values given in
Columns 1 and 2 of Table 2 are equivalent to the radionuclide concentrations which, if inhaled or
ingested continuously over the course of a year, would produce a total effective dose equivalent of
0.05 rem (50 millirem or 0.5 millisieverts).”

Comments:
North (BHV-1, BHV-8, and BHV-2), east (BHV-7, BHV-5, BHV-6), and south (BHV-4) of the mill site
effluent air samples were collected and were analyzed for U-nat, 232Th, 230Th, 226Ra, and 210Pb. BHV-1
and BHV-8 serve as surrogates for the nearest resident to the north of the Mill. BHV-6 serves as a
surrogate for the White Mesa Ute Community. The sample collection locations are shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Sample collection locations that represent the Mill Boundaries.

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4. Were the site boundary effluent air sample results within applicable limits for U-nat, 230Th,
226Ra and 210Pb? (10CFR20 Appendix B Table II)

Isotope ECL (µCi/ml in air)*
U-nat
232TH
9E-14
4E-15
230Th 2E-14
226Ra 9E-13
210Pb 6E-13
*10CFR20 Appendix B Table II, ECL’s
Yes No
Comments:
Sampling results were below the ECL for all monitoring locations for the last four quarters. See the
attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma Screening analysis for a summary of quarterly and annual data
and a calculated yearly dose at each high-volume air monitoring station.

5. Did the results of the effluent monitoring for this reporting period achieve the site’s ALARA
objective of 25% of the ECL’s? (2007 License Renewal Application Vol. 1 Section 6.5; 10CFR20
Appendix B Table II)

Isotope ECL (µCi/ml in air)* 25 % ECL (µCi/ml in air)
U-nat
232TH
9E-14
4E-15
2.25E-14
1.00E-14
230Th 2E-14 5.00E-15
226Ra 9E-13 2.25E-13
210Pb 6E-13 1.50E-13
*10CFR20 Appendix B Table II, ECL’s
Yes No
Comments:
See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma Screening analysis for measured site boundary effluent
air sample results.

6. Were gamma measurements (minus background) collected at each monitoring station?
Yes No
Comments:
See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma Screening analysis for gamma measurements (minus
background).

7. Were soil samples analyzed for U-nat, 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14)
Yes No N/A
Comments:
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Soils samples were not collected during the reporting period. Rather, they will be collected during the
3rd quarter of 2023. Most recently, soil samples were collected during August 2022 and were analyzed
for U-nat, 226Ra and 210Pb.

8. Were vegetation samples analyzed for 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14)
Yes No
Comments:
Vegetation samples were collected on April 25, 2023 and June 7, 2023 and analyzed for U-nat, 232Th,
226Ra, 210Pb. A third sample will be collected during the July to December 2023.

9. Were radon samples (minus background) taken at sample stations BHV-1, BHV-2, BHV-4,
BHV-5, BHV-6, BHV-7, and BHV-8? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14)
Yes No
Comments:
Yes, samples were collected and analyzed for radon. See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma
Screening analysis for measured radon concentrations (minus background)?

The comparison of the dose associated with the measured radon concentration and the limit is difficult.
The ECLs and threshold limit ECLs in 10 CFR 20 Appendix B Table assume either no daughters present
or 100 % ingrowth and result in a maximum exposure of 50 mrems/year. The calculated ECLs account
for partial ingrowth using methodology EPA 520/1-88-009 p 2-20 and result in a maximum exposure of
25 mrem/year. Finally, the regulatory limit is 100 mrem/year.

10. Were radon samples analyzed for 222Rn? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14)
Yes No
Comments:
Yes, 222Rn samples were collected and analyzed for. See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma
Screening analysis for measured radon concentrations (minus background).

11. Were the 222Rn results within the calculated ECL’s for the calculated ECL’s for the yearly
average results for the past four quarters
Yes No
Comments:
See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma Screening analysis for the 222Rn results and analysis.

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License Condition 11.2.D requires the licensee to utilize lower limits of detection in accordance
with Section 5 of the NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14, as amended, for analysis of effluent and
environmental samples.

12. Were lower limits of detection (LLD) for analysis of stack effluent samples 10% or less of the
limits found in 10CFR20 Appendix B Table II for U-nat, 232Th, 230Th, 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC
Reg Guide 4.14)

Isotope ECL (µCi/ml)* 10 % ECL (µCi/ml)
U-nat
232TH
9E-14
4E-15
9E-15
4E-16
230Th 2E-14 2E-15
226Ra 9E-13 3E-14
210Pb 6E-13 6E-14
*10CFR20 Appendix B Table II, ECL’s
Yes No N/A

Comments:
Stack sampling did not occur during the reporting period.

13. Were lower limits of detection (LLD) for analysis of site boundary air effluents within the
limits listed in NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 for U-nat, 230Th, 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC Reg
Guide 4.14)

Isotope LLD (µCi/ml in air)*
U-nat 1E-16
230Th 1E-16
226Ra 1E-16
210Pb 2E-15
*NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 LLD values (in air)
Yes No

Comments:
None

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14. Were lower limits of detection (LLD) for analysis of site boundary soil samples within the
limits listed in NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 for U-nat, 226Ra and 210Pb?

Isotope LLD (µCi/g soil)*
U-nat 2E-7
226Ra 2E-7
210Pb 2E-7
*NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 LLD values (in soil)
Yes No N/A

Comments:
Soils samples were not collected during the reporting period.

15. Were lower limits of detection (LLD) for analysis of site boundary vegetation samples within
the limits listed in NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 for 226Ra and 210Pb?

Isotope LLD (µCi/kg vegetation)*
U-nat 2.0E-7
226Ra 5.0E-8
210Pb 1.0E-6
*NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 LLD values (in vegetation)
Yes No

Comments:
The LLDs in the data package are referred to as the reporting limit.

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16. Were lower limits of detection (LLD) for analysis of radon samples within the limits listed in
NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 for 222Rn?

Isotope LLD (µCi/ml)*
222Rn 2.0E-10 (0.2pCi/L)
*NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 LLD values for radon

Yes No

Comments:
The effective reporting limit for the Radonova Rapidos detector has an effective reporting limit of 0.06
pCi/L.

White Mesa Environmental Protection Manual Section 1.4, STACK EMMISIONS
MONITORING PROCEDURES, sub-section 1.0, INTRODUCTION, states, “These sampling
methods are also consistent with guidance contained in the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s
Regulatory Guide 4.14, “Radiological Effluent and Environmental Monitoring at Uranium Mills.”

17. Were the yellowcake dryer and packaging stacks sampled in accordance with Regulatory
Guide 4.14 Section 2.1.1?

Isotope Sampling Frequency
U-nat Quarterly
230Th Semi-Annual
226Ra Semi-Annual
210Pb Semi-Annual
Yes No N/A

Comments:
Stack sampling did not occur during the reporting period.

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18. Did the results of the effluent monitoring for this reporting period achieve the site’s ALARA
objective of 25% of the ECL’s? (2007 License Renewal Application Vol. 1 Section 6.5; 10CFR20
Appendix B Table II)

Isotope ECL*
(µCi/ml in air)
ALARA Goal
(µCi/ml in air)
U-nat 9E-14 2.25E-14
230Th 2E-14 5.15E-15
226Ra 9E-13 2.33E-13
210Pb 6E-13 1.50E-13
*10CFR20 Appendix B Table II, ECL’s:
Yes No

Comments:
See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma Screening analysis for the estimated dose.

Prepared By: Heather
Mickelson
Date
Reviewed By: Phil Goble Date

September 5, 2023
September 5, 2023
Year Ending 30-Jun-23
Constituent Location 30-Sep-22 31-Dec-22 31-Mar-23 30-Jun-23 Annual ECL Below ECL? mrem/yr
BHV-1 2.0E-16 3.0E-17 2.0E-16 1.0E-17 1.1E-16 9E-14 Yes 0.06
BHV-2 9.0E-17 1.0E-17 5.0E-17 9.0E-18 4.0E-17 9E-14 Yes 0.02
BHV-4 8.0E-17 7.0E-17 7.0E-16 5.0E-17 2.3E-16 9E-14 Yes 0.13
BHV-5 3.0E-16 2.0E-16 7.0E-16 5.0E-17 3.1E-16 9E-14 Yes 0.17
BHV-6 1.0E-16 1.0E-16 1.0E-15 3.0E-17 3.1E-16 9E-14 Yes 0.17
BHV-7 5.0E-16 7.0E-17 3.0E-16 3.0E-17 2.3E-16 9E-14 Yes 0.13
BHV-8 1.0E-16 5.0E-17 3.0E-16 3.0E-17 1.2E-16 9E-14 Yes 0.07
BHV-1 3.0E-16 2.0E-17 3.0E-17 1.0E-17 9.0E-17 2E-14 Yes 0.23
BHV-2 2.0E-17 4.0E-18 3.0E-17 8.0E-18 1.6E-17 2E-14 Yes 0.04
BHV-4 2.0E-17 4.0E-17 8.0E-17 2.0E-16 8.5E-17 2E-14 Yes 0.21
BHV-5 9.0E-16 1.0E-16 2.0E-17 2.0E-16 3.1E-16 2E-14 Yes 0.76
BHV-6 7.0E-17 6.0E-17 3.0E-17 2.0E-17 4.5E-17 2E-14 Yes 0.11
BHV-7 7.0E-16 1.0E-17 3.0E-17 2.0E-17 1.9E-16 2E-14 Yes 0.48
BHV-8 6.0E-17 2.0E-17 5.0E-17 6.0E-17 4.8E-17 2E-14 Yes 0.12
BHV-1 1.1E-15 2.0E-17 3.0E-17 9.0E-17 3.1E-16 9E-13 Yes 0.02
BHV-2 8.0E-17 7.0E-18 2.0E-17 3.0E-17 3.4E-17 9E-13 Yes 0.00
BHV-4 4.0E-17 3.0E-17 1.0E-16 7.0E-16 2.2E-16 9E-13 Yes 0.01
BHV-5 1.2E-15 5.0E-17 8.0E-17 1.2E-15 6.3E-16 9E-13 Yes 0.04
BHV-6 8.0E-17 7.0E-17 1.0E-17 5.0E-17 5.3E-17 9E-13 Yes 0.00
BHV-7 1.8E-15 3.0E-17 4.0E-17 1.0E-16 4.9E-16 9E-13 Yes 0.03
BHV-8 3.0E-16 2.0E-17 9.0E-17 4.0E-16 2.0E-16 9E-13 Yes 0.01
BHV-1 1.0E-14 8.0E-15 1.0E-14 8.0E-15 9.0E-15 6E-13 Yes 0.75
BHV-2 1.0E-14 7.0E-15 9.0E-15 6.0E-15 8.0E-15 6E-13 Yes 0.67
BHV-4 1.0E-14 8.0E-15 1.0E-14 8.0E-15 9.0E-15 6E-13 Yes 0.75
BHV-5 1.0E-14 9.0E-15 1.0E-14 1.0E-14 9.8E-15 6E-13 Yes 0.81
BHV-6 8.0E-15 9.0E-15 1.0E-14 8.0E-15 8.8E-15 6E-13 Yes 0.73
BHV-7 1.0E-14 1.0E-14 9.0E-15 8.0E-15 9.3E-15 6E-13 Yes 0.77
BHV-8 1.0E-14 1.0E-14 1.0E-14 8.0E-15 9.5E-15 6E-13 Yes 0.79
BHV-1 1.0E-17 5.0E-18 3.0E-18 2.0E-18 5.0E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.06
BHV-2 4.0E-18 2.0E-18 2.0E-18 2.0E-18 2.5E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.03
BHV-4 5.0E-18 2.0E-18 2.0E-18 4.0E-18 3.3E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.04
BHV-5 2.0E-17 5.0E-18 2.0E-18 4.0E-18 7.8E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.10
BHV-6 1.0E-17 4.0E-18 2.0E-18 4.0E-18 5.0E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.06
BHV-7 1.0E-17 2.0E-18 2.0E-18 2.0E-18 4.0E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.05
BHV-8 4.0E-18 4.0E-18 9.0E-19 3.0E-18 3.0E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.04
BHV-1 1.30 4.10 6.10 0.00 11.50 100 Yes 11.50
BHV-2 0.00 0.00 4.30 0.30 4.60 100 Yes 4.60
BHV-4 3.60 2.80 2.90 0.00 9.30 100 Yes 9.30
BHV-5 2.80 3.60 11.80 3.30 21.50 100 Yes 21.50
BHV-6 0.00 0.00 4.60 0.80 5.40 100 Yes 5.40
BHV-7 3.10 0.00 8.20 0.70 12.00 100 Yes 12.00
BHV-8 0.50 0.00 2.50 0.70 3.70 100 Yes 3.70
BHV-1 0.10 0.08 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.71 Yes 1.85
BHV-2 0.08 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.34 Yes 2.57
BHV-4 0.29 0.27 0.05 0.14 0.19 0.5 Yes 9.38
BHV-5 0.29 0.49 0.19 0.19 0.29 1.43 Yes 5.07
BHV-6 0.18 0.30 0.05 0.03 0.14 0.83 Yes 4.22
BHV-7 0.18 0.16 0.05 0.03 0.11 1.12 Yes 2.34
BHV-8 0.08 0.30 0.00 0.08 0.12 0.71 Yes 4.05
Location Dose
ALARA
Goal
ALARA
Goal Met?
Exposure
Limit Compliant?
BHV-1 14.46 25 Yes 100 Yes
BHV-2 7.93 25 Yes 100 Yes
BHV-4 19.82 25 Yes 100 Yes
BHV-5 28.45 25 No 100 Yes
BHV-6 10.69 25 Yes 100 Yes
BHV-7 15.79 25 Yes 100 Yes
BHV-8 8.77 25 Yes 100 Yes
Notes: Regulatory limit is 100 mrem/yr.
Energy Fuels' ALARA goal is to maintain exposures below 25 mrem/yr
ECLs in this analysis are based on 50 mrem/yr except radon which uses 25 mrem/yr. Table 2 ECLs are based on 50 mrem/yr.
ECLs for radon were calculated using distance and wind speed from assumed stack source to BHV stations.
Calculated ECLs provide inclusion of ingrowth of daughters.
Annual values reflect averaging dose rates for the four quarters, except for gamma, which is the sum of four quarterly values.
Reviewed by: Heather Mickelson Date:
Manager review: Phil Goble Date:
Estimated
Dose
and
Comparison
to
Screening
Values
(mrem/yr)

Ra
d
i
o
a
c
t
i
v
e

P
a
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
t
e
s
γ
(mrem)
Di
r
e
c
t

R
a
d
i
a
t
i
o
n
UNAT
(µCi/mL)
230Th
(µCi/mL)
226Ra
(µCi/mL)
Quarter Ending
Ra
d
o
n
-
2
2
2
222Rn
(pCi/L)
Analysis of Annual Dose
210Pb
(µCi/mL)
232Th
(µCi/mL)
Su
m
m
a
r
y
September 5, 2023
September 5, 2023