DRC-2023-003048 - 0901a068811d1bf7

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UTAH DIVISION OF RADIATION CONTROL RML # UT1900479 ENERGY FUELS WHITE MESA MILL INSPECTION MODULE EM-01 SEMI-ANNUAL EFFLUENT MONITORING REPORT REPORTING PERIOD: July 1, 2022 through December 31, 2022

References: Utah Administrative Code R313-24-4;
10CFR40.65;
Radioactive Materials License UT1900479; 10CFR20 Appendix B Table II (Accessed March 8, 2023); NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14; Standard Operating Procedures (Dated December 19, 2022 and received December 22,
2022)
Inspector: Heather Mickelson Date: April 11, 2023
10CFR40.65(a)(1) requires the licensee to submit a report within 60 days after January 1 and July 1 of each year. The report must specify the quantity of each of the principal radionuclides released to unrestricted areas in liquid and in gaseous effluents during the previous six months of operation.
1. Did the licensee submit the report within 60 days of the end of the reporting period i.e., January 1st or July 1st? (10CFR40.65(a)(1)) Yes No Comments: The Semi-Annual Effluent Monitoring Report for the Period July 1, 2022 through December 31, 2022
was dated February 24, 2023 and was received on February 28, 2023. A revised Tab I dated March 27,
2023 was received on March 30, 2023. 2. Were the stack samples analyzed for U-nat, 230Th, 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14)
Yes No N/A
Comments: The south yellow cake dryer and the south yellow cake baghouse stacks were sampled during the 4th quarter of 2022. The north yellow cake dryer, vanadium baghouse, and vanadium dryer were not operated during July 1, 2022 through December 31, 2022. The analytes sampled were: U-nat, 232Th, 230Th, 228Th, 228Ra ,226Ra, and 210Pb.

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3. Were site boundary effluent air samples analyzed for U-nat, 230Th, 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14)
Yes No
10CFR20 Appendix B Table 2 first paragraph states “The columns in Table 2 of this appendix captioned "Effluents," "Air," and "Water," are applicable to the assessment and control of dose to the public, particularly in the implementation of the provisions of § 20.1302. The concentration values given in
Columns 1 and 2 of Table 2 are equivalent to the radionuclide concentrations which, if inhaled or
ingested continuously over the course of a year, would produce a total effective dose equivalent of
0.05 rem (50 millirem or 0.5 millisieverts).” Comments:
North (BHV-1, BHV-8, and BHV-2), east (BHV-7, BHV-5, BHV-6), and south (BHV-4) of the mill site
effluent air samples were collected and were analyzed for U-nat, 232Th, 230Th, 226Ra, and 210Pb. BHV-1 and BHV-8 serve as surrogates for the nearest resident to the north of the Mill. BHV-6 serves as a surrogate for the White Mesa Ute Community. The sample collection locations are shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Sample collection locations that represent the Mill Boundaries.

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4. Were the site boundary effluent air sample results within applicable limits for U-nat, 230Th, 226Ra and 210Pb? (10CFR20 Appendix B Table II)

Isotope ECL (µCi/ml in air)*
U-nat 232TH
9E-14
4E-15 230Th 2E-14 226Ra 9E-13 210Pb 6E-13 *10CFR20 Appendix B Table II, ECL’s
Yes No Comments: Sampling results were below the ECL for all monitoring locations for the last four quarters. See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma Screening analysis for a summary of quarterly and annual data and a calculated yearly dose at each high-volume air monitoring station.
5. Did the results of the effluent monitoring for this reporting period achieve the site’s ALARA objective of 25% of the ECL’s? (2007 License Renewal Application Vol. 1 Section 6.5; 10CFR20 Appendix B Table II) Isotope ECL (µCi/ml in air)* 25 % ECL (µCi/ml in air)
U-nat 232TH 9E-14
4E-15 2.25E-14
1.00E-14 230Th 2E-14 5.00E-15 226Ra 9E-13 2.25E-13 210Pb 6E-13 1.50E-13
*10CFR20 Appendix B Table II, ECL’s Yes No Comments: See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma Screening analysis for measured site boundary effluent
air sample results. 6. Were gamma measurements (minus background) collected at each monitoring station? Yes No
Comments:
See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma Screening analysis for gamma measurements (minus background).
7. Were soil samples analyzed for U-nat, 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14)
Yes No N/A Comments: Soil samples were collected during August 2022 and were analyzed for U-nat, 226Ra and 210Pb.
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8. Were vegetation samples analyzed for 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14)
Yes No
Comments: Vegetation samples were collected on October 6, 2022 and analyzed for U-nat, 232Th, 226Ra, 210Pb.
9. Were radon samples (minus background) taken at sample stations BHV-1, BHV-2, BHV-4, BHV-5, BHV-6, BHV-7, and BHV-8? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14) Yes No Comments: Yes, samples were collected and analyzed for radon. See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma
Screening analysis for measured radon concentrations (minus background)?
The comparison of the dose associated with the measured radon concentration and the limit is difficult. The ECLs and threshold limit ECLs in 10 CFR 20 Appendix B Table assume either no daughters present or 100 % ingrowth and result in a maximum exposure of 50 mrems/year. The calculated ECLs account
for partial ingrowth using methodology EPA 520/1-88-009 p 2-20 and result in a maximum exposure of
25 mrem/year. Finally, the regulatory limit is 100 mrem/year. 10. Were radon samples analyzed for 222Rn? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14)
Yes No
Comments: Yes, 222Rn samples were collected and analyzed for. See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma Screening analysis for measured radon concentrations (minus background).
11. Were the 222Rn results within the calculated ECL’s for the calculated ECL’s for the yearly average results for the past four quarters Yes No Comments:
See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma Screening analysis for , the 222Rn results and analysis.

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License Condition 11.2.D requires the licensee to utilize lower limits of detection in accordance with Section 5 of the NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14, as amended, for analysis of effluent and
environmental samples. 12. Were lower limits of detection (LLD) for analysis of stack effluent samples 10% or less of the limits found in 10CFR20 Appendix B Table II for U-nat, 232Th, 230Th, 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC
Reg Guide 4.14) Isotope ECL (µCi/ml)* 10 % ECL (µCi/ml)
U-nat 232TH 9E-14
4E-15 9E-15
4E-16 230Th 2E-14 2E-15 226Ra 9E-13 3E-14 210Pb 6E-13 6E-14
*10CFR20 Appendix B Table II, ECL’s Yes No N/A Comments: None
13. Were lower limits of detection (LLD) for analysis of site boundary air effluents within the limits listed in NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 for U-nat, 230Th, 226Ra and 210Pb? (NRC Reg Guide 4.14) Isotope LLD (µCi/ml in air)*
U-nat 1E-16 230Th 1E-16 226Ra 1E-16 210Pb 2E-15 *NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 LLD values (in air)
Yes No
Comments: None

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14. Were lower limits of detection (LLD) for analysis of site boundary soil samples within the limits listed in NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 for U-nat, 226Ra and 210Pb?

Isotope LLD (µCi/g soil)*
U-nat 2E-7 226Ra 2E-7 210Pb 2E-7 *NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 LLD values (in soil) Yes No N/A
Comments: The U-nat reporting limit was 0.7 pCi/g (7E-7 µCi/g), which is greater than the required LLD. Most of the samples (BHV 01, 02, 05, 06, 07) at BHV are greater than 0.7 pCi/g. However, U-nat activity reported at BHV 04 and BHV 08, was reported as nondetect. The summary tables should be flagged showing that the activity is less than 0.7 pCi/g , rather than 0 pCi/g. With this revision, the currently
measured U-Nat concentrations are within the historical range. The method detection concentration for 210Pb was 0.3 pCi/g, which is greater than LLD. However, the measured 210Pb activities in the soil samples were all greater than 0.3 pCi/g.
The LLD associated with the 226Ra measurement was less than 2E-7 µCi/g. I discussed the U-Nat LLD issue with Kathy Weinel at Energy Fuels. She is going to find a lab with a lower U-Nat detection limit for future sampling events. Also, she is going to resubmit the summary soil results. The results will now show that the concentration was less than the less than the LLD.
15. Were lower limits of detection (LLD) for analysis of site boundary vegetation samples within the limits listed in NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 for 226Ra and 210Pb?
Isotope LLD (µCi/kg vegetation)*
U-nat 2.0E-7 226Ra 5.0E-8 210Pb 1.0E-6 *NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 LLD values (in vegetation) Yes No
Comments:
The LLDs in the data package are referred to as the reporting limit.
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16. Were lower limits of detection (LLD) for analysis of radon samples within the limits listed in NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 for 222Rn?

Isotope LLD (µCi/ml)* 222Rn 2.0E-10 (0.2pCi/L)
*NRC Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 5 LLD values for radon Yes No Comments:
The effective reporting limit for the Radonova Rapidos detector has an effective reporting limit of 0.06 pCi/L. White Mesa Environmental Protection Manual Section 1.4, STACK EMMISIONS MONITORING PROCEDURES, sub-section 1.0, INTRODUCTION, states, “These sampling methods are also consistent with guidance contained in the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s Regulatory Guide 4.14, “Radiological Effluent and Environmental Monitoring at Uranium Mills.” 17. Were the yellowcake dryer and packaging stacks sampled in accordance with Regulatory Guide 4.14 Section 2.1.1? Isotope Sampling Frequency
U-nat Quarterly 230Th Semi-Annual 226Ra Semi-Annual 210Pb Semi-Annual
Yes No N/A
Comments: Stack sampling occurred as required for the period July 1 2022 to December 31, 2022.

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18. Did the results of the effluent monitoring for this reporting period achieve the site’s ALARA objective of 25% of the ECL’s? (2007 License Renewal Application Vol. 1 Section 6.5; 10CFR20
Appendix B Table II)
Isotope ECL* (µCi/ml in air) ALARA Goal (µCi/ml in air) U-nat 9E-14 2.25E-14 230Th 2E-14 5.15E-15 226Ra 9E-13 2.33E-13 210Pb 6E-13 1.50E-13
*10CFR20 Appendix B Table II, ECL’s: Yes No Comments: See the attached Particulate, Radon, and Gamma Screening analysis for the estimated dose.
Prepared By: Heather Mickelson Date
Reviewed By: Phil Goble Date

April 11, 2023
04/11/2023
Year Ending 31-Dec-22
Constituent Location 31-Mar-22 30-Jun-22 30-Sep-22 31-Dec-22 Annual ECL Below ECL? mrem/yr
BHV-1 2.0E-17 1.0E-16 2.0E-16 3.0E-17 8.8E-17 9E-14 Yes 0.05
BHV-2 1.0E-17 1.0E-16 9.0E-17 1.0E-17 5.3E-17 9E-14 Yes 0.03
BHV-4 6.0E-17 1.0E-16 8.0E-17 7.0E-17 7.8E-17 9E-14 Yes 0.04
BHV-5 1.0E-16 2.0E-16 3.0E-16 2.0E-16 2.0E-16 9E-14 Yes 0.11
BHV-6 5.0E-17 1.0E-16 1.0E-16 2.0E-16 1.1E-16 9E-14 Yes 0.06
BHV-7 4.0E-17 1.0E-16 5.0E-16 7.0E-17 1.8E-16 9E-14 Yes 0.10
BHV-8 6.0E-17 1.0E-16 1.0E-16 5.0E-17 7.8E-17 9E-14 Yes 0.04
BHV-1 2.0E-17 3.0E-17 3.0E-16 2.0E-17 9.3E-17 2E-14 Yes 0.23
BHV-2 4.0E-17 2.0E-17 2.0E-17 4.0E-18 2.1E-17 2E-14 Yes 0.05
BHV-4 4.0E-17 1.0E-15 2.0E-17 4.0E-17 2.8E-16 2E-14 Yes 0.69
BHV-5 9.0E-17 1.0E-16 9.0E-16 1.0E-16 3.0E-16 2E-14 Yes 0.74
BHV-6 2.0E-17 6.0E-17 7.0E-17 4.0E-17 4.8E-17 2E-14 Yes 0.12
BHV-7 3.0E-17 8.0E-17 7.0E-16 1.0E-17 2.1E-16 2E-14 Yes 0.51
BHV-8 8.0E-17 4.0E-17 6.0E-17 2.0E-17 5.0E-17 2E-14 Yes 0.13
BHV-1 4.0E-17 5.0E-17 1.1E-15 2.0E-17 3.0E-16 9E-13 Yes 0.02
BHV-2 5.0E-17 3.0E-17 8.0E-17 7.0E-18 4.2E-17 9E-13 Yes 0.00
BHV-4 8.0E-17 2.0E-16 4.0E-17 3.0E-17 8.8E-17 9E-13 Yes 0.00
BHV-5 9.0E-17 4.0E-16 1.2E-15 5.0E-17 4.4E-16 9E-13 Yes 0.02
BHV-6 4.0E-17 7.0E-17 8.0E-17 4.0E-17 5.8E-17 9E-13 Yes 0.00
BHV-7 4.0E-17 1.0E-16 1.8E-15 3.0E-17 4.9E-16 9E-13 Yes 0.03
BHV-8 2.0E-16 1.0E-16 3.0E-16 2.0E-17 1.6E-16 9E-13 Yes 0.01
BHV-1 1.0E-14 1.0E-14 1.0E-14 8.0E-15 9.5E-15 6E-13 Yes 0.79
BHV-2 1.0E-14 1.0E-14 1.0E-14 7.0E-15 9.3E-15 6E-13 Yes 0.77
BHV-4 2.0E-14 2.0E-14 1.0E-14 8.0E-15 1.5E-14 6E-13 Yes 1.21
BHV-5 2.0E-14 2.0E-14 1.0E-14 9.0E-15 1.5E-14 6E-13 Yes 1.23
BHV-6 2.0E-14 1.0E-14 8.0E-15 2.0E-14 1.5E-14 6E-13 Yes 1.21
BHV-7 2.0E-14 2.0E-14 1.0E-14 1.0E-14 1.5E-14 6E-13 Yes 1.25
BHV-8 2.0E-14 1.0E-14 1.0E-14 1.0E-14 1.3E-14 6E-13 Yes 1.04
BHV-1 3.0E-18 3.0E-18 1.0E-17 5.0E-18 5.3E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.07
BHV-2 5.0E-18 6.0E-18 4.0E-18 2.0E-18 4.3E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.05
BHV-4 5.0E-18 3.0E-18 5.0E-18 2.0E-18 3.8E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.05
BHV-5 7.0E-18 4.0E-18 2.0E-17 5.0E-18 9.0E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.11
BHV-6 3.0E-18 5.0E-18 1.0E-17 8.0E-18 6.5E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.08
BHV-7 6.0E-18 5.0E-18 1.0E-17 2.0E-18 5.8E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.07
BHV-8 5.0E-18 3.0E-18 4.0E-18 4.0E-18 4.0E-18 4E-15 Yes 0.05
BHV-1 4.80 5.00 1.30 4.10 15.20 100 Yes 15.20
BHV-2 1.30 5.10 0.00 0.00 6.40 100 Yes 6.40
BHV-4 0.00 3.80 3.60 2.80 10.20 100 Yes 10.20
BHV-5 6.30 5.10 2.80 3.60 17.80 100 Yes 17.80
BHV-6 0.80 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.80 100 Yes 1.80
BHV-7 0.00 0.90 3.10 0.00 4.00 100 Yes 4.00
BHV-8 2.50 0.00 0.50 0.00 3.00 100 Yes 3.00
BHV-1 0.29 0.08 0.10 0.08 0.14 0.71 Yes 4.84
BHV-2 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.34 Yes 3.86
BHV-4 0.05 0.19 0.29 0.27 0.20 0.5 Yes 10.00
BHV-5 0.51 0.40 0.29 0.49 0.42 1.43 Yes 7.39
BHV-6 0.16 0.24 0.18 0.30 0.22 0.83 Yes 6.63
BHV-7 0.11 0.19 0.18 0.16 0.16 1.12 Yes 3.57
BHV-8 0.16 0.22 0.08 0.30 0.19 0.71 Yes 6.69
Location Dose
ALARA
Goal
ALARA
Goal Met?
Exposure
Limit Compliant?
BHV-1 21.20 25 Yes 100 Yes
BHV-2 11.17 25 Yes 100 Yes
BHV-4 22.19 25 Yes 100 Yes
BHV-5 27.41 25 No 100 Yes
BHV-6 9.90 25 Yes 100 Yes
BHV-7 9.53 25 Yes 100 Yes
BHV-8 10.96 25 Yes 100 Yes
Notes: Regulatory limit is 100 mrem/yr.
Energy Fuels' ALARA goal is to maintain exposures below 25 mrem/yr
ECLs in this analysis are based on 50 mrem/yr except radon which uses 25 mrem/yr. Table 2 ECLs are based on 50 mrem/yr.
ECLs for radon were calculated using distance and wind speed from assumed stack source to BHV stations.
Calculated ECLs provide inclusion of ingrowth of daughters.
Annual values reflect averaging dose rates for the four quarters, except for gamma, which is the sum of four quarterly values.
Reviewed by: Heather Mickelson Date:
Manager review: Phil Goble Date:
Estimated
Dose
and
Comparison
to
Screening
Values
(mrem/yr)

Ra
d
i
o
a
c
t
i
v
e

P
a
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
t
e
s
γ
(mrem)
Di
r
e
c
t

R
a
d
i
a
t
i
o
n
UNAT
(µCi/mL)
230Th
(µCi/mL)
226Ra
(µCi/mL)
Quarter Ending
Ra
d
o
n
-
2
2
2
222Rn
(pCi/L)
Analysis of Annual Dose
210Pb
(µCi/mL)
232Th
(µCi/mL)
Su
m
m
a
r
y
April 11, 2023
04/11/2023