HomeMy WebLinkAboutDRC-2009-001003 - 0901a0688010f4d6DENISO
MINES
March 31, 2009
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Denison IHines (USA) Corp.
10S017th Street, Suite 990
Denver, CO 80269
USA
Tet: 303 628-7798
Fax: 303 389-4129
www.denisonniines.com
VIA PDF AND FEDERAL EXPRESS
Mr. Dane L. Finerfrock
Executive Secretary
Utah Radiation Confrol Board
State ofUtah Department ofEnvironmental Quality
168 North 1950 West
Sah Lake City, UT 84114-4850
Re: White Mesa Uranium Mill; Radioactive Materials License No. UT 1900479 - Safety
and Environmental Review Panel ("SERP") 2008 Annual Report
Dear Mr. Finerfrock:
Enclosed please find the 2008 Annual SERF Report for the White Mesa Mill, which is being
submitted in compliance with condition 9.4 C of State of Utah Radioactive Materials License
No. UT 1900479 (the "License").
We note that License condition 9.4 C does not stipulate a date by which the Annual SERF Report
is to be submitted each year. However, the Mill's SERF Standard Operating Procedure (PBL-1
Rev. No.: R-4, Febmary 25, 2007) states that the Annual SERF Report is to be filed within 60
days after the calendar year end. We are bringing this to your attention, because we just realized
that we inadvertently missed that filing date. By mistake, we followed the practices of previous
years and are filing this report within 90 days after calendar year end. We will note the 60-day
filing requirement for next year's filing.
If you have any questions or require any further information, please contact the undersigned.
Yours tmly.
^^^^^/^•.^•^IA—
David C. Frydenlund
Vice President Regulatory Affairs and Counsel
cc: Ron F. Hochstein
Harold R. Roberts
Steven D. Landau
David E. Turk
WHITE MESA MILL
SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PANEL (SERF)
2008 ANNUAL REPORT
March 30, 2009
Submitted to the Utah Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Radiation Control
Submitted by:
White Mesa Uranium Mill
License No. UT 1900479
1. INTRODUCTION
This report is being submitted by Denison Mines (USA) Corp. ("DUSA"), licensee of the White
Mesa Uranium Mill (the "Mill"), to the Utah Division of Radiation Control ("DRC") in
compliance with condition 9.4 C of State of Utah Radioactive Materials License No. UT
1900479 (the "License").
There were four Safety and Environmental Review Panel ("SERF") evaluations conducted for
the period of January 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. Each SERF evaluation and review
was conducted in accordance with SERF procedures set forth in the Mill's Standard Operating
Procedure PBL-1, Rev. No. R-4 (the "SERF SOP"). The evaluations are summarized below in
Section 2.
2. SUMMARY OF EVALUATIONS
This section describes the changes, tests or experiments evaluated by the SERF pursuant to
License condition 9.4, and summarizes the evaluations performed and actions taken by the SERF
relative to each.
In each case, the SERF consisted of those individuals specified in License condition 9.4 C, with
additional members included as appropriate, to address technical aspects.
The SERF followed the SERF SOP as it performed its evaluations, to ensure that the actions
taken satisfy the following 3 conditions specified in License condition 9.4 B:
a) The change, test or experiment does not conflict with any requirement specifically stated
in the License, or impair the licensee's ability to meet all applicable regulations.
b) There is no degradation in the essential safety or environmental commitments in the
License application or provided by the approved reclamation plan.
c) The change, test or experiment is consistent with the conclusions of actions analyzed and
selected in the Environmental Assessment dated Febmary 1997 (the "1997
Environmental Assessment").
2.1. SERF Report No. 2008-01 March 3, 2008
2.1.1. Proposed Acrion
Review and approve PBL-20 Rev. No.: R-0, SX Organic Reconditioning Process (the "SX
Reconditioning Procedure").
2.1.2. Description of Change. Tests or Experiment
The Mill uses kerosene solvent as the hydrocarbon extraction organic in its solvent exfraction
circuit. Over its service life, the solvent in the circuit can accumulate organic impurities and
breakdown products in the form of esters, soaps, and complexes. In order to improve the ability
of this solvent to extract uranium or vanadium and to prolong its usefijl life, an SX
Reconditioning Procedure can be applied from time to time as a process step to strip impurities
from the kerosene, primarily through contact with a polar solvent, methanol. After completion
of this process step, the methanol and other associated wastes containing the transferred
impurities and trace radionuclides will be disposed ofin the Mill's taihngs cells. For the 2008
reporting period, the SERF considered SX reconditioning and reviewed a reconditioning process
for the vanadium SX circuit. Similarly, in 2009 the SERF will consider modification ofthe SX
Reconditioning Procedure to accommodate the reconditioning of kerosene used in uranium SX
circuit as well.
2.1.3. Safetv and Environmental Evaluation ofthis SERF action
The SERF concluded that:
a) The SX Reconditioning Procedure for kerosene in the vanadium circuit does not conflict
with any requirement specifically stated in the License, or impair DUSA's ability to
meet all applicable regulations. In fact, implementation of the SX Reconditioning
Procedure satisfies the requirement of the Mill's License condition 9.6 that standard
operating procedures shall be established and followed for all operational process
activities involving radioactive materials that are handled, processed or stored. The
procedures set out in the SX Reconditioning Procedure are intended to be performed
from time to time in order to enhance recoveries at the Mill and to prolong the use of
process reagents. These procedures will be performed in accordance with all applicable
regulations and the Mill's License.
b) There will be no degradation in the essential safety or environmental commitments in the
License application or provided by the approved reclamation plan as a result of
performing the process steps set out in the SX Reconditioning Procedure. The vanadium
SX Reconditioning Procedure was reviewed by DUSA's independent chemical engineer
to ensure that there would be no significant health or safety concems with the process.
Based on this review, the SERF concluded that: 1) the SX Reconditioning Process will
not result in any emissions to the atmosphere; 2) the procedure can be followed safely
without the need for any additional engineering confrols, using existing radiation and
occupational safety precautions and procedures at the site; and 3) the processes are not
inconsistent with the evaluations contained in the environmental commitments in the
Mill's License. Based on the evaluation conducted by DUSA's consultant, the SERP
concluded that in performing the process steps set out in the procedure, there would be
no expected reactions with other compounds in the Mill's process or contained in the
tailings cell, given standard precautions typically taken at the site, and that the tailings
cell liner would be unaffected by the process.
c) The use of this SX Reconditioning Procedure is consistent with the conclusions of
actions analyzed and selected in the 1997 Environmental Assessment. There are no
expected emissions from implementation of the process. Further, to the extent that the
process prolongs the life of the kerosene used in the Mill's SX circuit, it reduces the
amount of kerosene ultimately discharged to the Mill's tailings cells. The Mill has
historically used methanol on site as a laboratory chemical and also uses other alcohols
and polar oxygenated volatile organic compounds, such as ketones, which have higher
toxicity, greater volatility, as well as comparable solubility, density and biodegradability.
2.1.4. SERP Action
The SERP concluded that the SX Reconditioning Procedure met the criteria set forth in the
SERP SOP for approval, and was approved for immediate implementation.
This SERP action resulted in no changes to any pages ofthe 1997 License Renewal Application
or the Mill's Reclamation Plan.
2.2. SERP Report No. 2008-02 August 21, 2008
2.2.1. Proposed Action
Review and approve modifications to the Radiation Protection Manual regarding access control
and personnel scanning.
2.2.2. Description of Change. Tests or Experiment
New language was added to Section 1.2.3 ofthe Mill's Radiation Protection Manual
(PBL-RP-1, Rev. No. DUSA-2) (the "Radiation Protection Manual") as follows:
• Adding new paragraph 7 which sets certain restrictions on the
entry/exit access points to the Mill's Restricted Area that may be
utilized by various categories of workers; and
• Adding new paragraph 8 which requires that a Radiation Technician
be positioned at certain access points at certain times to monitor
personnel scanning at such points, or that a fiill body scanning portal
be located at such access points.
These changes to the Radiation Protection Manual were made in response to a Notice of
Violation (the "NOV") dated June 9, 2008 issued by the Executive Secretary ofthe State ofUtah
Radiation Control Board.
2.2.3. Safetv and Environmental Evaluation ofthis SERP action
The SERP reviewed the changes to the Radiation Protection Manual described above and made
the following conclusions:
a) The changes reflect commitments made to the Executive Secretary in response to the
NOV, and are intended to improve the ability of the Mill to comply with its License and
all applicable regulatory requirements. Accordingly, the SERP concluded that the
changes to the Radiation Protection Manual will not conflict with any requirement
specifically stated in the license, or impair DUSA's ability to meet all applicable
regulations.
b) The changes effect improvements to worker health and safety by improving DUSA's
ability to control and monitor personnel scatming and do not have any environmental
impacts. Therefore, the SERP determined that approval ofthe changes to the Radiation
Protection Manual would produce no degradation in the essential safety or
environmental commitments in the license application, or provided by the approved
reclamation plan.
c) As the changes effect improvements to worker health and safety by improving DUSA's
ability to control and monitor persormel scarming and do not have any environmental
impacts, the SERP concluded that the changes to the Radiation Protection Manual are
expected to produce no environmental impacts beyond those assessed in the 1997
Environmental Assessment, and are consistent with the conclusions regarding actions
analyzed in the 1997 Environmental Assessment.
2.2.4. SERP Action
The SERP concluded that the changes to the Radiation Protection Manual meet the criteria in the
SERP SOP for approval, and approved the changes.
The SERP action resulted in a change to the Mill's Radiation Protection Manual. Attached is a
revised Section 1.2.3 ofthe Mill's Radiation Protection Manual, marked to indicate the changes.
2.3. SERP Report No. 2008-03 October 24, 2008
2.3.1. Proposed Action
Review and approve changes to update the Mill's standard operating procedure relating to the
disposal of lle.(2) byproduct material ("Byproduct Material") received from in-situ leach
("ISL") uranium recovery facilities (PBL-10, Rev. No. R-0) (the "1 le.(2) Procedure")
2.3.2. Description of Change. Tests or Experiment
The purpose ofthis SERP action was to review the following proposed changes to update
the 1 le.(2) Procedure:
• Change references to Intemational Uranium (USA) Corporation to be
references to Denison Mines (USA) Corp.;
• Expand the list of radionuclides to be included in pre-receipt
characterization data. The 11 e.(2) Procedure required that pre-receipt
characterization data include analytical results for Unat as the only
radionuclide. The proposed changes included the requirement to
obtain pre-receipt characterization data for Ra-226, Th-230 and Pb-
210 in addition to Unat;
• Change the marmer in which organics are addressed by eliminating
semi volatile organic compounds ("SVOCs") from the list of required
pre-receipt characterization data and by prescribing additional
procedures to be followed upon the measurement of any volatile
organic compounds ("VOCs") post receipt;
• Clarify wording to expressly acknowledge the appropriateness of
reliance on analytical sample results for previous shipments if they are
representative or current shipments; and
• Make several other administrative corrections and improvements to the
lle.(2) Procedure.
2.3.3. Safetv and Environmental Evaluation ofthis SERP action
The SERP reviewed the proposed changes to the lle.(2) Procedure and made the following
conclusions:
a) The changes are intended to improve the ability of the Mill to comply with its License
and all applicable regulatory requirements, by allowing Mill persoimel to focus attention
more closely on the primary issues of health and safety. Additional characterization data
for radionuclides and additional procedures relating to VOCs have been added, which
address health and safety concems, while other provisions that do not impact health and
safety have been eliminated. Accordingly, the SERP concluded that the changes to the
lle.(2) Procedure will not conflict with any requirement specifically stated in the
license, or impair DUSA's ability to meet all applicable regulations.
b) The changes effect improvements to worker health and safety by focusing attention on
the potential radiological hazards associated with the receipt and handling of Byproduct
Material, which are the primary hazards associated with Byproduct Material. In addition
procedures relating to managing any V[OCs that may be associated with Byproduct
Material, which could potentially give rise to worker health and safety concems, have
been added. The other changes to the Procedure are either administrative in nature or
serve to eliminate provisions of the Procedure that have no significant impact on public
health, safety or the environment. There 'are no health and safety issues impacted by the
presence of SVOCs in Byproduct Material that are different from any other precautions
normally taken at the Mill site for such materials. Mill persormel routinely handle
compounds at the Mill that contain SVOCs. For these and other reasons, the
requirement to obtain pre-receipt characterization data for SVOCs was eliminated. As a
result, the SERP determined that approval ofthe changes to the 1 le.(2) Procedure would
produce no degradation in the essential I safety or environmental commitments in the
license application, or provided by the approved reclamation plan.
c) As the changes effect improvements to worker health and safety and do not have any
environmental impacts, the SERP concluded that the changes to the lle.(2) Procedure
are expected to produce no environmental impacts beyond those assessed in the 1997
Environmental Assessment, and are consistent with the conclusions regarding actions
analyzed in the 1997 Environmental Assessment.
2.3.4. SERP Action
The SERP concluded that the changes to the 1 le.(2) Procedure meet the criteria set forth in the
SERP SOP for approval, and approved the changes.
This SERP action resulted in no changes to any pages ofthe 1997 License Renewal Application
or the Mill's Reclamation Plan.
2.4 SERP Report No. 2008-04 October 28, 2008
2.4.1 Proposed Action
Review and approve changes made to update the Mill's standard operating procedure at PBL-7,
Rev. No. R-0 (the "Mill Waste Disposal Procedure") relating to the disposal of non-tailings
waste generated at or from the Mill site facilities.
2.4.2 Description of Change, Tests or Experiment
The SERP reviewed and approved the following changes made to update the Mill Waste
Disposal Procedure:
• Consolidate the Mill Waste Disposal Procedure, which previously had
been comprised of two separate and somewhat conflicting submissions
to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC"), into a single
document, and in so doing update the format ofthe Procedure;
• Make certain minor changes and improvements to the Mill Waste
Disposal Procedure to reflect changes in Mill practices over the years;
and
• Make several other administrative corrections and improvements to the
Mill Waste Disposal Procedure.
The Mill Waste Disposal Procedure in its current form was adopted in 1995 and was comprised
of two submissions made by Energy Fuels Nuclear, Inc., a former operator of the Mill: a
submission to the NRC dated December 12, 1994, with Attachment A thereto entitled
"Procedure: Radioactive Contaminated Waste Disposal"; and a submission from Energy Fuels
to the NRC dated May 23, 1995, which expanded the scope ofthe December 12, 1994 to, among
other things, extend the scope of the Mill Waste disposal activities to include Mill Waste that is
not radioactively contaminated.
Current condition 10.4 ofthe Mill's State ofUtah Radioactive Materials License states that:
10.4 "Disposal of Material and equipment generated at the mill site shall be
conducted as described in the licensee's submittals to the NRC dated
December 12, 1994 and May 23, 1995, with the following addition:
A. The maximum lift thickness for materials placed over tailings shall
be less than 4-feet thick. Subsequent lifts shall be less than 2-feet
thick. Each lift shall be compacted by tracking of heavy
equipment, such as a Cat D-6, at least 4 times prior to placement of
subsequent lifts."
The Mill Waste Disposal Procedure has continued to date as a compilation of the commitments
contained in the December 12, 1994 and May 23, 1995 letters, and has never been compiled into
one document and introduced into the Mill's document control system.
The SERP concluded that it would be appropriate to update the Mill Waste Disposal Procedure
to reflect current Mill practices, to compile the Mill Waste Disposal Procedure into one
document and to add the revised Mill Waste Disposal Procedure to the Mill's document control
system.
2.4.3 Safety and Environmental Evaluation ofthis SERP action
The SERP reviewed the Mill's waste disposal practices and the commitment letters described
above and made the following conclusions:
a) The consolidation of disposal practices into a single Mill Waste Disposal Procedure does
not conflict with any requirement specifically stated in the License, or impair the
licensee's ability to meet all applicable regulations. Consohdation of the Mill's non-
tailing disposal practices is an improvement to the Mill's disposal program, bringing all
requirements into one procedure.
b) The consolidation of disposal practices into a single Mill Waste Disposal Procedure will
not cause degradation in the essential safety or environmental commitments in the
License application or provided by the approved reclamation plan. By consolidating the
disposal practices into a single procedure, the practices are more understandable by Mill
personnel and there is less chance for errors or mistakes in disposal activities.
c) The consolidation of disposal practices into a single Mill Waste disposal Procedure is
consistent with the conclusions of actions analyzed and selected in the 1997
Environmental Assessment. The proposed Mill Waste Procedure effects improvements
to non-tailings disposal and is within the scope of the prior assessment of the facility's
impact.
2.4.4 SERP Action
The SERP concluded that updating the Mill Waste Disposal Procedure to reflect current Mill
practices and compiling the Mill Waste Disposal Procedure into one document meets the criteria
set forth in the SERP SOP for approval, and that the updated and consolidated Mill Waste
Disposal Procedure be approved.
This SERP action resulted in no changes to any pages ofthe 1997 License Renewal Application
or the Mill's Reclamation Plan.
ATTACHMENT 1
1.2.3 Monitoring Procedures
The monitoring procedure includes the following steps:
1. The alarm rate meter is adjusted within the range of 500 to 750 dpm/100 cm to
ensure a margin of 250 dpm/100 cm' due to the low efficiency of this
instmmentation.
2. An individual monitors himself by slowly passing the detector over their hands,
clothing and shoes, including the shoe bottoms, at a distance from the surface of
approximately VA inch. An area that is suspected of possessing any contamination
(i.e. hands, boots, visible spotting/stain on clothing etc.) should be carefully
monitored by placing the detector directly on the surface and note the measurement.
3. Should an alarm be set off indicating the presence of contamination, the individual
should:
a. Resurvey themselves to verify the contamination.
b. If contamination is present the individual must wash the affected area and
again resurvey themselves to ensure the contamination has been removed.
4. If the decontamination efforts by the individual are not successful, then the Radiation
Safety personnel will be contacted to assess the situation. Further decontamination
may be required.
5. If an individual's clothing cannot be successfully decontaminated, they must obtain
clothing from the warehouse to use and must launder the personal clothing in the
laundry room.
6. Individual surveys are to be logged and initialed.
7. Access to and from the Mill's Restricted Area bv all Mill workers, contractors and
deliverv personnel, other than Radiation. Safety and Environmental Staff Senior
Laboratorv personnel. Mill Management and Mill Supervisory personnel and others
as mav be designated by the RSO, will be limited to one or more access points as may
be designated by the RSO from time to time.
8. A Radiation Technician will be positioned at each access point designated by the
RSO under paragraph 7 above during peak transition times, such as during breaks and
at the ends of shifts, to observe that each worker, contractor or delivery person is
performing a proper scan. This paragraph 8 will cease to apply to any such access
point if and when one or more automated full body scanning portals or the equivalent
are situated at the access point, which would require workers exiting at that location
to scan themselves by exiting through the portal, and the procedures in this Manual
are amended to incoiporate the use and maintenance of such portal or portals.