DRC-2009-005822 - 0901a06880144a9f

t>iC'^^i-^ooS>^;i:i
DENISON
MINES
VIA PDF AND FEDERAL EXPRESS
September 28, 2009
Mr. Dane Finerfrock, Executive Secretary
Utah Radiation Control Board
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
168 North 1950 West
P.O. Box 144810
SaU Lake City, UT 84114-4810
Dear Mr. Finerfrock:
Denison Mines (USA) Corp.
1050 17th Street, Suite 950
Denver, CO 80265
USA
Tel: [phone]
Fax : [phone]
www.denisonmines.com
Re: Renewal Application for Radioactive Materials License (RML) No.
UT1900479: Health Physics Interrogatories - Round 2; and Engineering
Comment Interrogatories - Round 1
Reference is made to our letter of August 14, 2009 in response to the Executive Secretary's
correspondence of July 2, 2009 with attached Health Physics and Engineering Comment
Interrogatories.
As contemplated by our response to Health Physics Interrogatory Statement No. 12, enclosed
please find a draft revised Respiratory Protection Program for the White Mesa Mill, together
with a marked version showing the proposed changes to the Program.
If you should have any questions or require addhional information, please contact the
undersigned.
Yours very truly,
DENISON MINES (USA) CORP.
David'C. Frydenlund
Vice President, Regulatory Affairs and Counsel
cc: Ron F. Hochstein
Harold R. Roberts
Steven D. Landau
David E. Turk
y0,{
/"/
Page I of 33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PROGRAM
Table of Contents
1.0 APPLICABILITY
1.1 Respiratory Protection Policy
1.2 Supervisory Positions and Responsibilities
1.2.1 Radiation Safety Officer
1.2.2 Radiation Technicians and Other Radiation Safety Department
Staff
1.2.3 Respirator Program Administrator
1.2.4 Training and Re-Training Requirements
1.2.5 Qualifications for Appointment
1.3 Policy Regarding Facial Hair (Face to Facepiece Seal Integrity)
1.4 Physiological or Psychological Limitations to Respirator Use
1.5 Equipment
2.0 PROCEDURES FOR RESPIRATOR USE
2.1 Supervision of the Program,Including Program Audits
2.2 Training and Minimum Qualifications of Respiratory Program Supervisors
and Implementing Personnel
2.3 Training of Respirator Users
2.4 Fit Testing
2.5 Selecting Respirators
2.6 Maintaining Breathing Air Quality
2.7 Seal Tests
2.8 Inventory Control and Issuance ofRespiratory Protection Equipment
2.9 Storage of Respiratory Protection Equipment
2.10 Maintenance,Repair,Testing,and Quality Assurance of Respiratory
Protection Equipment
2.11 Record keeping
2.12 Limitations on Periods of Respirator Use and Relief from Respirator Use
2.13 Monitoring,Including Air Sampling and Bioassays
3.0 PROCEDURES FOR MEDICAL EVALUATIONS AND AUDITS
3.1 Performing and documenting the Required Medical Evaluation
3.2 Maintaining TEDE ALARA and Performing ALARA Evaluations of
Respiratory Protection
4.0 PROCEDURES FOR RESPIRATOR APPLICATONS
4.1 Routine Respirator Use
4.2 Nonroutine Respirator Use
4.3 Emergency Respirator Use
4.4 Safety
Page 2 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PROGRAM
1.APPLICABILITY
This Respiratory Protection Program sets out the Mill's procedures regarding:
•selection,fitting,issuance,maintenance,and testing of respirators,including
testing for operability immediately prior to each use;supervision and training of
personnel;monitoring,including air sampling and bioassays;and record keeping;
and
•Determination by a physician that the individual user is medically fit to use the
respiratory protection equipment.
1.1 Respiratory Protection Policy
The Respiratory Protection Program is established for the Mill to protect its workers from
occupational exposure to harmful concentrations of radioactive and/or toxic materials in
the air.
As noted in United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission ("NRC")Regulatory Guide
8.15,"it is widely recognized among safety professionals that the use of respiratory
protection devices in the workplace can impose physiological and psychological stresses
on workers,obstruct their vision,hinder their movements,and make effective
communications difficult.These factors increase the risk of physical injury to respirator
wearers that,in many cases,far exceeds any potential risk associated with the inhalation
of a small quantity of airborne radioactive material."Therefore,process or engineering
controls should be used to the extent practical to control the concentration of radioactive
material in air,and the use of respiratory protection devices should be contemplated only
after other measures to limit intake have been considered.
The following is the Mill's policy with respect to respiratory protection:
a)Process or other engineering controls will be used whenever feasible to reduce
the need for use of respirators;
b)For work in areas in which respirators must be routinely used to reduce
exposures,standard operating procedures ("SOP's")will detail use of
respiratory protection.Non-routine use of respirators will be performed under
Radiation Work Permits.Self Contained Breathing Apparatus ("SCBA")
respirators will only be used for evacuation and emergency response situations;
c)Due to the added physical stress of working while using a respirator,work
periods will be alternated with rest periods;and
d)Respirators will not be issued to workers unless they are to be used.
Page 3 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
Respirators are provided to workers for their personal protection and the proper use of
respirators in areas in which such protection is required is a condition of their
employment.Violating the established rules for respirator use may result in disciplinary
action up to and including dismissal.
1.2 Supervisory Positions and Responsibilities
In general,the Mill Manager is responsible for providing the equipment and resources
necessary for the successful implementation of this Respiratory Protection Program and
for facilitating the application of engineering controls to reduce the need for the use of
respiratory protection devices.
The Mill's Radiation Safety Officer ("RSO")has primary responsibility for
implementation and oversight of all aspects of the respiratory protection program,
including supervisory and technical responsibilities.The RSO is assisted by one or more
Radiation Technicians or other Radiation Safety Department staff.
The Mill Manager and the RSO will coordinate efforts to use,to the extent practical,
procedures and engineering controls based on sound protection principles to maintain
radiation exposures as low as reasonably achievable ("ALARA").
1.2.1 Radiation Safety Officer
The RSO is responsible for the implementation and direct control of the respiratory
protection program.The RSO's responsibilities include:
a)Supervision of respirator selection procedures;
b)Establishment of training sessions about respiratory equipment for workers;
c)Establishment of a continuing program of cleaning and inspecting the
equipment;
d)Designation of proper storage areas for respiratory equipment;
e)Establishment of issuance and accounting procedures for uses of respiratory
equipment;
f)Establishment of medical screening programs and procedures for workers
assigned to wear respiratory equipment;
g)Establishment of a periodic inspection schedule of those work places/conditions
requiring respiratory equipment to determine exposure and/or changing
situations;and
h)A continuing evaluation of the above aspects to ensure their continued
functions and effectiveness.
Page 4 of33
Draft Dale:September 28,2009
1.2.2 Radiation Technicians and Other Radiation Safety Department Staff
In administering the program,the RSO will be assisted by one or more Radiation
Technicians,who may perform supervisory and technical functions,as determined by the
RSO,and one or more other members of the Radiation Safety Department Staff,who
may perform technical functions.Each such individual must have adequate training to
undertake his or her assigned responsibilities,as determined by the RSO.
1.2.3 Respirator Program Administrator
The RSO is the Respiratory Program Administrator.However,the RSO may appoint a
Radiation Technician as Respirator Program Administrator,in his stead,to administer the
program under the direction and supervision of the RSO.
1.2.4 Training and Re-Training Requirements
The RSO and any Radiation Technician will be required to have satisfied the
requirements for those positions as set out in NRC Reg.Guide 8.31 and to be current in
their refresher training as set out in that Reg.Guide.Any other member of the Radiation
Safety Department who has been given technical responsibilities under this program will
have adequate training in order to undertake those responsibilities,as determined by the
RSO.Each Radiation Technician will also have completed the training specified in
Section 2.2 below.
1.2.5 Qualifications for Appointment
The RSO and,if so appointed by the RSO,one or more Radiation Technicians,will have
supervisory responsibility and may also have direct responsibility for various technical
aspects of this program.Such individuals will meet the requirements for the position of
RSO and Radiation Technician as set out in NRC Reg.Guide 8.31,and will have
completed the training specified in Section 2.2 below.
Any other members of the Radiation Safety Department who perform technical functions
under this program will have the qualifications and training required to perform the
function,as determined by the RSO.
1.3 Policy Regarding Facial Hair (Face to Facepiece Seal Integrity)
Anything in the face-to-facepiece seal area of a tight-fitting respirator that is under the
control of the respirator user is prohibited.Materials in this area might interfere with the
seal of the respirator,might prevent proper exhalation valve function,or might impair the
operation of a facepiece-mounted air regulator.Leakage of air into the mask will nullify
the purpose of the respiratory device.
The list of prohibited materials includes (but is not necessarily limited to) facial hair of
any kind (e.g.,beards,mustaches and long sideburns)in the seal area (the worker must be
clean-shaven),hair from the head intruding into the seal area,cosmetics,spectacle temple
Page 5 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
bars,protective clothing,and equipment.A respirator wearer is not required to shave
more than once during each 12-hour period.
The policy of the Mill concerning facial hair is:
As a condition of employment,those workers who may at any time be
required to wear a respirator as part of their employment,will not have
any facial hair or other features that will restrict the proper fitting of a
respiratory device.
1.4 Physiological or Psychological Limitations to Respirator Use
This Section describes physiological and psychological (including emotional)factors,
which may limit an individual's ability to wear or work in a respirator.Any questions or
problems concerning respirators or their use,such as the types described in this Section,
should be addressed to the RSO.
1.4.1 Physiological Limitations
As described below in Section 3.1,medical qualification will be required of each worker
that might be using a respirator in his or her normal work duties.This is necessary to
evaluate the individual's limitations to wearing respirator devices.A licensed physician
will perform the medical evaluation and will determine if the individual user is medically
fit to use the respiratory protection equipment.The physician will report on any
physiological factors that may limit an individual's ability to wear a respirator.
1.4.2 Psychological Limitations
Mental factors must also be taken into consideration when workers are required to wear
respirators.Some individuals become claustrophobic when wearing a respirator.These
individuals should not be required to wear respirators if the condition is severe enough to
cause panic.
1.4.3 Other Factors
Other factors,which may cause problems in respirator sealing,must be considered when
performing fit testing.These may include such factors as facial structure,scars,skin
creases,or dentures.
1.5 Eqnipment
Only National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health ("NIOSH")tested and
certified and Mine Safety and Health Administration ("MSHA")approved respiratory
protection devices will be used at the Mill.In addition,these devices must be used,
maintained,and stored in such a manner that they are not modified and are in like-new
condition at the time of issue.A reasonable amount of wear that does not affect
performance is acceptable.
Page 6 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
The Mill will provide adequate equipment or material,as necessary to supplement
respiratory protective equipment,to reduce the likelihood that respirator use might
contribute to workplace accidents or injury,Examples of such equipment are:
•Spectacle adapters;
•Voice amplification equipment;and
•Material or equipment to prevent or reduce fogging of respirator lenses,
Safety or protective equipment used in conjunction with respirators should not interfere
with the proper fit or operation of the respirator.Manufacturer-supplied equipment (e,g"
welder's shields,communications devices)specified on the approved subassemblies list
for the respirator may be used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions,
Equipment or devices supplied by a company other than the respirator manufacturer may
be used as long as they do not alter the form,fit,or function of the respirator.Any such
device that attaches to or requires penetration of the respiratory inlet covering is likely to
void the NIOSH approval for the device and should not be used,
2.PROCEDURES FOR RESPIRATOR USE
2.1 Supervision of the Program,Including Program Audits
This Respiratory Protection Program is administered by the RSO.Quarterly ALARA
Reports from the RSO are sent to members of the ALARA Committee.The effectiveness
of the Respiratory Protection Program is reviewed and exposure data evaluated during
annual ALARA audits.
2.2 Training and Minimum Qualifications of Respiratory Protection Program
Supervisors and Implementing Personnel
A supervisor,that is,a person who has the responsibility of overseeing the work activities
of one or more persons who must wear respirators,shall be given adequate training to
ensure the proper use of respirators.Supervisor training shall include but shall not
necessarily be limited to the following subjects:
a)Basic respiratory protection practices;
b)Nature and extent of respiratory hazards to which persons under his/her
supervision may be exposed;
c)Principles and criteria of selecting respirators;
d)Training of respirator wearers;
e)Issuance of respirators;
f)Inspection ofrespirators;
g)Use ofrespirators,including monitoring their use;
Page 7 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
h)Maintenance and storage of respirators;and
i)Regulations concerning respirator use.
2.3 Training of Respirator Users
Each worker who may wear a respirator will be required to receive training for the proper
use of the device,including the requirement for each user to inspect and perform a user
seal check on a respirator each time it is donned.The required training for all potential
respirator users is fonnd in Addendum 9 of the Mill's Training Manual,SOP Book 13.
Snch training shall cover the topics necessary to ensure that each trainee will:
a)Be informed of the hazard to which the respirator wearer may be exposed,the
effects of contaminants on the wearer if the respirator is not worn properly,and
the capabilities and limitations of each device that may be used;
b)Be shown how spectacle adapters,communications equipment,and other
equipment that will be used directly in conjunction with the respirator are to be
attached and operated properly;
c)Be able to demonstrate competency in donning,using,and removing each type
of respiratory protective device that may be used;
d)Be instructed in how to inspect each type of respiratory protective device that
may be used and be instructed to perform such an inspection before donning
any device;
e)Be instructed in how to perform a user seal check on face-sealing devices and
be instructed to perform this user seal check each time this type of device is
dormed;
f)Be informed that any respirator user may leave the work area at any time for
relief from respirator use in the event of equipment malfunction,physical or
psychological distress,procedural or communications failure,significant
deterioration of operating conditions,or any other condition that might
necessitate such relief;and
g)Be advised that in case of respirator malfunction or wearer distress,the
respirator may be removed as the respirator user exits the airborne
contamination area.
2.4 Fit Testing
2.4.1 General
Page 8 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
Fit testing must be performed for all face sealing respirators,even if they will be used in a
positive pressure mode in the field.The worker should be fit-tested with the same make,
model,style and size ofrespirator that will be used in the field.
Each person being fit-tested should already have been trained in how to properly don,and
perform a nser seal check on,a face-sealing respirator.Therefore,during the test,no
person (including the person administering the fit-test)should assist or coach fit-test
subjects who are not obtaining a satisfactory facepiece seal.
Qualitative fit-testing and quantitative fit testing must be accomplished with the face
piece operating in the negative pressure mode,regardless of the mode of operation in
which it will be used in the field.
Filters used during fit-testing should be at least 99.97%efficient,even if less efficient
filters will be used in the work place.The fit-test is intended to measure only face-to-
facepiece leakage,so filter efficiency on the test respirator should be as high as possible.
During trainiug or operation,perceptible outward leakage of breathing gas from the face-
to-facepiece seal area of any SCBA is unacceptable,and the wearer should not be
permitted to continue to use the device.Such leakage will quickly deplete the available
breathing gas and if used in an emergency could easily place the wearer in jeopardy.
2.4.2 Frequency of Testing and Re-testing
Fit testing must be performed mmually for every worker who is required to wear a
respiratory protective device.
Retesting should be performed before the next respirator use when the RSO has
knowledge that a potential respirator wearer,since the last fit-test,has had:
a)A weight change of 10%or more;
b)Significant facial injury or scarring in the area of the facepiece seal;
c)Significant dental changes (e.g.,multiple extractions without prosthesis or
acquisition ofnew dentures;
d)Reconstructive or cosmetic surgery in the area of the facepiece seal;or
e)Any other condition that might change the fit of a face-sealing respirator.
The Mill will advise respirator users of these retest criteria either during general training
sessions or during initial fit-testing,and will advise users to advise the RSO of any of the
foregoing circumstances.
Page 9 of 33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
2.4.3
2.4.3.1
Quantitative Fit Testing
General
Quantitative fit testing is acceptable for testing all face-sealing devices.
If quantitative fit testing is used to test facepieces that will be operated in the negative
pressure mode in the field (e.g.,full face respirators),an overall fit factor of at least 10
times the assigned protection factor (HAPF")should be demonstrated.Requiring that the
overall fit factor meets the acceptance criterion means that the fit factor for one or more
of the individual test exercises might be less than the acceptance criterion,but a
satisfactory overall fit-tcst can still be achieved.
If quantitative fit testing is used to test facepieces that in the field will be operated only in
a positive pressure mode,an overall fit factor of at least 500 (not 500 times the APF)
should be demonstrated with the facepiece operating in negative pressure mode.Face
sealing devices that operate in a positive pressure mode are powered air purifying
respirators (HPAPRs,,)and SCBA.
During all quantitative fit-tests,the sample point inside the facepiece should be midway
between the mouth and the nose ofthe test subject.
2.4.3.2 Quantitative Fit Testing Procedure
Quantitative fit testing measurements will be performed in accordance with 29 CFR
1910.134 using the FitTester 3000,or equivalent,as follows:
a)Input the worker's name,style of respirator and size;
b)Select Hperform fit test"-the computer will walk you through a series of five
tests;
c)During the testing program,the computer will evaluate the worker;
d)If there is a failure during any test,the worker will adjust the respirator and try
again;
e)If after several attempts to pass a test and the worker still fails,try a different
size respirator;
f)Once the worker passes each of the five tests,a document will be printed
certifying the successful completion ofthe examination;
g)The document will then be signed by both the worker and the facilitator of the
examination;and
h)The document will then be filed with the worker's other Safety documents in
the Radiation Safety Department.
Page 10 of 33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
2.4.4
2.4.4.1
Qualitative Fit Testing
General
While no numerical measure of facepiece leakage is directly obtained from qualitative fit-
testing protocols,they are designed and validated quantitatively.NRC Reg.Guide 8.15
requires that a qualitative fit test must be capable of verifying a fit factor of 10 times the
APF for full face (negative pressure)respirators and a fit factor of 500 (not 500 times tlle
APF)for PAPR and SCBA (positive pressure)respirators.Currently,qualitative fit
testing methods are only capable of verifying a fit factor of 100.Therefore,qualitative fit
testing methods are only appropriate for respirators having an APF of 10 (such as half
face respirators),and are not capable of verifying a fit factor of 500 (i.e.,lOx50)needed
for full face respirators,or 500 for PAPRs and SCBA.However,the use of qualitative
fit-testing in conjunction with (but not in lieu of)the quantitative fit testing procedures
descrihed above is considered to be advisable and is performed at the Mill.It is
recognized that only credit for an APF of 10 will be taken based on the qualitative fit test
alone,even though the APF is higher for the device.
2.4.4.2 Qualitative Fit Testing Procedure
Qualitative fit testing measurements will be performed in accordance with 29 CPR
1910.134 using an MSA ventilation smoke tube,Part No.5645 or equivalent,aspirator
bulb.Steps for respirator issuance fit testing are as follows:
a)Respirators equipped with high-efficiency filters will be used for this test
(red/green filters);
b)Both ends are broken on an MSA ventilation smoke tube.One end is inserted
into the tube connected to the positive pressure of a two-way aspirator bulb and
the other end covered by a Y2 inch length of tygon,surgical or rubber tubing.
The test aerosol is generated by squeezing the aspirator bulb;
c)The test subject will don the respirator and a visual inspection of the facepiece
to face seal made by the tester.An obvious leak in the facepiece to face seal
shall be reason to abort the test and record the mask as unsatisfactory.
Expression of discomfort created by the mask shall also be reason to abort the
test;
d)The smoke will be generated in all areas surrounding the mask.The smoke is
not harmful however it is sufficiently irritating that if there is a leak in the seal
of the mask,it will be discovered immediately;and
e)Any indication of detection of the smoke by the test subject during fitting
indicates a failure of that respirator.If leakage is detected the facepiece to face
seal shall be visually inspected for obvious leakage.If any doubt about the
condition of the respirator or the filter exists,another like respirator shall be
tested to ensure the leakage was due to the facepiece to face seal.
Page 11 of 33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
2,4,4.3 Irritant Smoke
Only stannic chloride smoke tubes,such as the MSA ventilation smoke tube,Part No.
5645,will be used.Similar tubes that generate smoke of a different chemical
composition may not be sufficiently irritating to the test subject to be sensed at low
concentrations.Smoke tubes that use chemicals other than stannic chloride are not
acceptable
If irritant smoke is used as the challenge aerosol during qualitative fit-testing,the RSO
must take steps to protect the person administering the test from repeated exposures to the
irritant smoke.These steps could include using a containment chamber around the head
and torso of the fit-test subject to contain the smoke,providing the test area with a
ventilation or air filtration system,performing the test outdoors,assigning a respiratory
protection device to the person performing the fit-testing,or other measures.The fit-test
protocol will also be performed to limit the test sUbject's exposure,especially when
performing the sensitivity screening checks that determine whether the test subject can
detect the irritant smoke.
2.5 Selecting Respirators
2.5.1 General
Respirator selection will be determined by the type of environment in which the worker
will be working.The concentration of oxygen and the type and concentration of
hazardous contaminants in the work area atmosphere must be considered during the
selection process.
2.5.2 Types of Respirators Available for Use at the Mill
Three types of respiratory protection are used at the Mill.These are:
a)full face respirators (which are air purifying respirators);
b)PAPRs (which are air purifying respirators);and
c)SCBAs (which are supplied air respirators).The SCBA devices used at the
Mill are full face respirators with an attached hose mechanism that draws air
from a compressed air tank worn on the back of the worker.The Mill does not
use supplied air hoods or supplied air suits.
The Mill does not use half face or quarter face respirators.Dust masks may be used
occasionally at the Mill,for protection against non-radioactive dust,but such masks are
not part of the respiratory protection program.
One model of respirator from one manufacturer is adequate,so long as different sizes of
facepieces are available and adequate fit factors are obtained for greater than 99%of test
subjects who are free of facial characteristics that preclude an adequate respirator fit.For
Page 12 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
individuals who achieve a fit factor >500 with a negative-pressure full facepiece but who
are unable to achieve a fit factor 10 times the APF,consideration will be given to
assigning a positive pressure face-sealing device or to a device for which a face seal is
not necessary if the individual will be put into a work situation where the use of a
respirator may be necessary.
2.5.3 Application of Assigned Protection Factors
The APF for each of the three types or respirators in use at the Mill are as follows:
•Full face respirators have an APF of 50;
•PAPR respirators have an APF of 1,000;
•SCBAs have an APF of 10,000.
Use ofthe APF assumes that:
•The respirator user has been trained to properly don the device;
•The user has been satisfactorily fit-tested;
•The user properly performs a user seal check to ensure that there is no gross seal
leakage;and
•The respirator performs properly.
APFs are to be used for selecting a specific type of respirator to be used in the
performance of a specific task,to keep the total effective dose equivalent ("TEDE")of
exposed workers ALARA,and to be applied in the derived air concentration
("DAC")/hour calculation to determine the dose from exposure to air particulate.Using
APFs to estimate intake and then dose,in conjunction with air survey data and the
application of the applicable DAC,is the method of choice for determining the intake and
dose for workers at the Mill.Bioassay measurements are taken in order to corroborate
such calculations (see Section 2.13.3 below for a summary of the Mill's bioassay
program).
In estimating the dose to individuals from intake of airborne radioactive materials,the
concentration of radioactive material in the air that is inhaled when respirators are worn is
initially assumed to be the ambient concentration in air without respiratory protection,
divided by the assigned protection factor.If the dose is later found to be greater than the
estimated dose,the corrected value must be used.If the dose is later found to be less than
the estimated dose,the corrected value may be used.
2.5.4 Survey Program
A survey program that is adequate to identify potential respiratory hazards,to permit
selection of the proper respiratory protection method and to evaluate actual or suspected
intakes is contained in Section 2.0 of the Mill's Radiation Protection Manual SOP PBL-
RP-2,and described in part in Section 2.13 below.
Page 13 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
2.5.5
2.5.5.1
Procedures to be Followed When Selecting a Respirator
General
Prior to selecting a specific type of respirator,the work environment must be thoroughly
evaluated for respiratory hazards.The following questions must then be answered:
a)What are the hazards the worker will be exposed to?
b)What are the eontaminants and their concentration?
c)Arc there any contaminants in the workplacc environment that may damage or
irritate the eyes,nose,or skin?
(i)Yes - a full-face style is recommended;
d)Is the oxygen concentration in the workplace atmosphere between 19.5%to
23%?
(i)Yes -combination cartridges will be used if the concentration of the
contaminant is within the acceptable limits for the cartridge;
(ii)No -The workplace or area may only be entered if the 02 concentration
is between 19.5 and 23 %.The workplace environment will be remediated
(i.e.,ventilated)by safety engineering controls such that the oxygen
concentration falls between these limits before it may be entered;
e)Do the contaminant concentrations in the work environment exceed the limits
listed for the combination cmtridge being used?
(i)Yes -Modify the air contaminant concentration by safety engineering
measures;
(ii)No -combination cartridges may be used if oxygen concentration is
between 19.5%and 23%.
Limitations appropriate to the type and mode of use of the respirator will also be
considered.When selecting respiratory devices provision will be made for vision
correction (see Section 2.15),adequate communication (see Section 2.14),low
temperature work environments (see Section 2.16),and the concurrent use of other safety
or radiological protection equipment.Equipment will be used in such a way as not to
interfere with the proper operation of the respirator
2.5.1.1 Air Purifying Respirators
The inventory of air purifying respirators will consist offull face and PAPR units.
There is only one type of air purifying respirator cartridge used for air contaminants for
the full-face respirators.This is a red/green GME-H universal cartridge,which is
Page 14 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
normally effective for removing all air contaminants and atmospheric hazards,and is
approved by NIOSH for use under the following conditions:
a)Organic Vapors -less than 1,000 ppm;
b)Pesticides;
c)Mists of Paints,Lacquers,and Enamels;
d)Dust -less than 0,5 mg/m3 (99.97%efficient against all particulate aerosols
including oil-based aerosols);
e)Fumes -less than 0.5 mg/m3;
f)Mists -less than 0.5 mg/m3;
g)Chlorine;
h)Hydrogen chloride;
i)Sulfur dioxide;
j)Ammonia;
k)Methylamine;
I)Chlorine dioxide;
m)Hydrogen sulfide (escape only);
n)Formaldehyde;and
0)Hydrogen fluoride.
The PAPR units are not designed for areas that may come in contact with chemical mists
or high humidity.The PAPR units use an Optifilter XL Filter Assembly HE that is only
good for dusty environments.These units are ideal for the packaging enclosure,
Yellowcake Dryers,Ore Storage,and Tails.
The PAPRs must have the battery fully charged prior to usage.The battery charge on
each unit will last approximately eight continuous working hours.All maintenance and
cleaning techniques utilized with the full-face respirators will be used for the PAPR units.
2.5.1.2 SCBA and Supplied Air Apparatus
SCBA will only be used for evacuation or emergency purposes.The Mill does not use
supplied air apparatus.
Page 15 of 33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
SCBA will be appropriate for use in emergency situations when the length of the work
will not exceed 20 minutes.
If at any time the atmosphere contains materials that might be corrosive to the worker or
respiratory device,the area will be evacuated.The area must be ventilated until the
corrosive materials fall to a safe level before work may resume.
2.6 Maintaining Breathing Air Quality
The quality of air delivered to all SCBA and supplied-air respirators shall meet the
requirements for Grade D air for breathing air systems as defined in Compressed Gas
Association (CGA)publication G-7.1,"Commodity Specifications for Air."1997 ed.
And included in 29 CFR 191O.134(i)(1)(ii)(A)through (E),(2007).Grade D quality
breathing air criteria include:oxygen content (volume/volume)of 19.5 to 23.5%;
hydrocarbon (condensed)content of 5 mg/m3 of air or less;carbon monoxide (CO)
content of 10 ppm or less;carbon dioxide content of 1,000 ppm or less;and the lack of a
noticeable odor.
The Mill obtains the air for its SCBA devices from the local fire department The Mill
does not have its own breathing air supply system.The local fire department is the only
nearby facility that can refill the oxygen bottles for the SCBA.The local fire department
is certified for such activities by the State of Utah Fire Marshall.
2.7 Seal Tests
Each respirator wearer must perform both the Positive-Pressure and Negative-Pressure
seal checks,set out below,each time a face-sealing respirator is used (which includes any
time a face shield is removed or the seal is broken and re-donned).A user seal check is
performed immediately prior to exposure to ensure that the respirator is properly seated
on the face.
a)Positive-Pressure Check
Close off the exhalation valve and exhale gently into the facepiece.The face fit is
considered satisfactory if a slight positive pressure can be built up inside the facepiece
without any evidence of outward leakage of air at the seal.For most respirators this
method of leak testing requires the wearer to first remove the exhalation valve cover
before closing off the exhalation valve and then carefully replacing it after the test.
b)Negative-Pressure Check
Close off the inlet opening of the canister or cartridge(s)by covering with the palm of the
hand(s)or by replacing the filter seales),inhale gently so that the facepiece collapses
slightly and hold the breath for ten seconds.The design of the inlet opening of some
cartridges cannot be effectively covered with the palm of the hand.The test can be
performed by covering the inlet opening of the cartridge with a thin latex or nitrile glove.
If the facepiece remains in its slightly collapsed condition and no inward leakage of air is
detected,the tightness of the respirator is considered satisfactory.
Page 16 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
It should be noted that a user seal test is not a substitute for a fit test.See Section 2.4
above for the fit test requirements.
2.8 Inventory Control and Issuance of Respiratory Protection Equipment
Mill Radiation Safety Staff shall maintain positive control over the issuance of
respiratory protection devices,such that persons not authorized to wear such devices are
effectively prevented from obtaining them.To this end,the following procedures will be
followed:
a)Respirators will not be issued to workers unless they are to be used;
b)Storage cabinets that will be used for routine respirator issuance will be located
in the respirator cleaning facility.Only persons authorized to use respirators
are to access the storage cabinets;
c)When a worker needs a clean respirator,he or she will obtain one from the
storage location where clean respirators are packaged and kept.After obtaining
a clean respirator,the worker will enter the pertinent information on the log
sheet that is kept in the cabinet with the clean respirators;
d)When a used respirator is exchanged for a clean unit,the dirty respirator will be
placed in the receptacle provided for such use;
e)All workers who wear a respirator must exchange their respirators daily;and
f)Workers that need to be issued a PAPR unit will need to see the RSO or his
designee to be checked out on the proper usage of the unit.All PAPR's are
inventoried and only key operators or Radiation Work Permit ("RWP")
individuals will be issued one ofthese units.
Personnel who issue respirators must ensure that each person issued a respirator has been
medically screened (see Section 3.1),trained (see Section 2.3)and fit-tested (see Section
2.4)within the period prescribed.
Persons may only be issued respirators for which they have been fit-tested (i.e.,same
make,model,style and size).
2.9 Storage of Respiratory Protection Equipment
When in storage and not available for use,respirators and component parts of respiratory
protection devices will be stored in such a way as to prevent damage to such components
and devices.The following procedures shall be followed:
a)Respirators shall be stored in a manner sufficient to protect the device against
dust,sunlight,extreme cold,excessive moisture,or damaging chemicals;
Page 17 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
b)The cleaned respirators will be stored in cabinets in the respirator cleaning
facility outside the safety department.The respirators will be stored in layers
with the facepieces and exhalation valves in a more or less normal position to
prevent the rubber or plastic from cracking;
c)When respirators are not being used,they must be stored in the plastic bags in
which they were issued.Dirty respirators will be placed in receptacles located
in the respirator storage room.They will be gathered from these locations for
cleaning and repairs;
d)All respirator users must exchange their respirators daily;
e)The cabinets containing emergency respirators will be located in areas that are
readily accessible and in areas in which a hazard may arise.Emergency
cabinets are located on the north side of the Mill building outside of the SAG
Mill doors,outside the SX on the north wall,on the south end of SX on the fire
cabinet and at the fire hose station at the front gate.All workers should be
made aware of these locations;and
f)The cabinets will not be locked,but they will have seals attached to the hasps.
The seals will prevent workers from using the respirators for routine use,but
will allow emergency access.During emergencies,the seal will be broken and
a respirator may be selected in a matter ofseconds.
2.10 Maintenance,Repair,Testing,and Quality Assurance of Respiratory
Protection Equipment
2.10.1 Maintenance and Repair
Respirators and component parts will be maintained and repaired only by persons
specifically trained to perform this work.Repairs and maintenance will be performed in
accordance with the procedures detailed below.Parts used for repairs will be purchased
only from the manufacturer of the unit being repaired or from their agents.
Each used respirator must be disassembled before cleaning;the cartridges must be
removed and discarded and any hoses or regulators must be removed and washed
separately.Some of the units have elastic head straps;these should also be removed and
washed separately.
2.10.2 Cleaning
Mill staff will decontaminate and disinfect respirators and associated equipment in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions,paying particular attention to the
cleaning or sanitizing agents used and to the maximum temperature of the water used for
cleaning,to avoid degradation of the respirator.Chemical residues should not be
hazardous or irritating to the user.Radiological limits for re-use of respirators after they
have been cleaned and sanitized have been established at the Mill and are set out in
Section 2.10.3.1 below.
Page 18 01'33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
For full face respirators,PAPRs and SCBAs,the respirators will be cleaned and rinsed in
a commercially available dishwasher.The radiation and safety staff will perform
cleaning and washing of respirators.The respirators will be washed and then aired dried.
2.10.3 Inspection and Testing of Respirators
Inspections of all respiratory devices will be conducted as set out below.Under no
circumstances will a device that is known to be defective be used.
2.10.3.1 General
Respirator facepieces that are routinely available for issue will be visually inspected at
least every month or in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.If such devices are
stored in clear plastic bags,they should be handled and examined,but need not be
removed from the bags for the inspection as long as the inspector can determine that the
device is ready for issue.
Equipment used in conjunction with facepiece respirators (e.g.,belt-or facepieee-
mounted air regulators,air-supply hoses,portable distribution manifolds)will be
inventoried and functionally tested periodically or prior to use.
Repair and replacement parts for respiratory protection devices will be inventoried and
inspected periodically.The goal is to ensure that there are sufficient functional parts
available to support the respiratory protection program when it is operating at full
capacity.
Devices in storage will be inspected quarterly and before they are made available for
issue.Equipment stored for periods of a year of more will be re-cleaned annually to
ensure that they are in good condition in case they are needed unexpectedly.
Each reassembled respirator must be inspected for radiation contamination before it is
used.An instrument surveyor a swipe test may be conducted to determine if any item is
contaminated.The equipment check must indicate levels of less than 100 dpm/100 cm2
of alpha radiation or 1,000 dpm/100 cm2 of beta-gamma radiation to be serviceable.If
repeated washings do not decrease contamination to acceptable levels,that item must be
disposed of.
Freshly cleaned and inspected respirators will be placed in plastic bags and sealed (see
Section 2.10.3.1).The individual who serviced the respirator shall write the date on each
bag and initial it to indicate the work has been done properly.
The following conditions should be checked during any type of inspection:
2.10.3.2 Air Purifying Respirators
Routinely used air purifying respirators (full face respirators and PAPRs)should be
checked as follows before and after each use.
Page 19 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
a)Examine the facepiece for:
(i)Excessive dirt;
(ii)Cracks,tears,holes,or distortion from improper storage;
(iii)Inflexibility (stretch and massage to restore flexibility);
(iv)Cracked or badly scratched lenses in full facepieces;
(v)Incorrectly mounted full facepiece lens or broken,or missing mounting
clips;and
(vi)Cracked or broken air purifying element holder(s),badly worked threads,
or missing gasket(s),if required;
b)Examine the head straps or head harness for:
(i)Breaks;
(ii)Loss ofelasticity;
(iii)Broken or malfunctioning buckles and attachments;and
(iv)Full facepieces only -excessively worn serrations on the head harness
which might permit slippage;
c)Examine the exhalation valve for the following after removing its cover:
(i)Foreign material such as detergent residue,dust particles,or human hair
under the valve seat;
(ii)Cracks,tears,or distortion in the valve material;
(iii)Improper insertion ofthe valve body in the facepiece;
(iv)Cracks,breaks,or chips in the valve body,particularly in the sealing
surface;
(v)Missing or defective valve cover;and
(vi)Improper installation of the valve in the valve body;
d)Examine the air purifying elements for:
(i)Incorrect installation,loose connections,missing or warn gaskets,or
cross-threading in holder;and
(ii)Cracks or dents in outside case of filter,cartridge,or canister;
e)If the device has a cOlTUgated breathing tube,examine it for:
(i)Broken or missing end connectors;
(ii)Missing or loose hose clamps;and
(iii)Deterioration (determined by stretching the tube and looking for cracks);
f)Examine the harness of a front or back mounted gas mask for:
(i)Damage or wear to the canister holder which may prevent its being held
securely in place;and
(ii)Broken harness straps or fastenings;and
Page 20 of 33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
g)Blower mechanism on the PAPR units only:
(i)
(ii)
2.10.3.3
Damage to the outer casing of the blower unit will result in the
replacement ofthe blower;and
Missing or broken pins that connect the blower to the battery pack will
result in replacing of damaged picces.
Supplied AirRespirators
The following shall be checked:
a)If the device has a tight fitting facepiece;use the procedures outlined above for
air purifying respirators;and
b)Examine the air supply for:
(i)Integrity and good condition of air supply lines and hoses including
attachments and end fittings;and
(ii)Correct operation and condition of all regulators,valves,or other air flow
regulators.
A visual inspection of the SCBAs shall be performed monthly,and a thorough
examination shall be performed two or three times per year.See Section 2.10.3.5 below.
Breathing air cylinders,including SCBA cylinders,must be tested as prescribed in the
Shipping Container Specification Regulations of the Department ofTransportation (49
CFR 173 and 178).Each breathing air cylinder will be permanently and legibly marked
"Breathing Air"or "Compressed Air".
2.10.3.4 Re-use ofRespirator Filters
Respirator filters can be re-used by the same person on the same day without being re-
tested,as long as contamination control is adequate and the filters do not appear to be
damaged.Filters to be re-used during the same day should not have any apparent damage
and should meet the Mill's criteria for residual contamination,set out in Section 2.10.3.1.
Filters will be discarded after each day's use.
2.10.3.5 Respirators Usedfor Emergency Use
Respirators specifically designated for emergency use are visually inspected once per
month,and removed from any protective container and thoroughly examined periodically
(e.g.,2 to 3 times per year).Such monthly and periodic inspections will be recorded.
2.10.4 Quality Assurance
To prevent the use of faulty or defective respiratory equipment,the following steps will
be taken:
Page 21 of 33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
2.10,1.1 New Equipment
All new equipment will be thoroughly inspected before it is put into service (see Section
2.10.3 above),Only MSHAlN10SH approved equipment will be used (see Section 1.5
above).Parts used for repairs will be purchased only from the manufacturer of the unit
being repaired or their agents (see Section 2.10.1 above),
2.10,1.2 Cleaning and Repairs
All respiratory devices will be inspected before and after cleaning and before and after
repairs are made,The inspection procedures that are to be used are listed above under
Section 2.10.3.
Any replacement items that will be used for repairs will be inspected prior to assembly,
2,10,1.3 Periodic Checks of1tems in Storage
At least oncc during each quarter,all of the respirators that are in storage will be checked
for serviceability and to make sure that they will be ready for immediate use.See Section
2.10.3.1.
2.10.5 Service Life Limitations
If the respirator equipment manufacturer specifies a shelf life or service life limit on one
or more components of a respiratory protection system the Mill will comply with the
recommendations of the manufacturer.This will ensure that the device continues to
operate properly and that the "like-new condition"is maintained (see Section 1.5 above).
2.11 Recordkeeping
Records of all required activities in this program will be kept in a manner that shows
compliance with the requirements of the applicable regulations.Specifically,the
following records will be kept:
a)A log sheet for issuance and return of respirators;
b)A log sheet for damaged and defective respirators and the disposal of such
devices;
c)A log sheet for cleaning,issuance and release of nose cups;
d)A removable alpha survey sheet for respiratory devices;and
e)Freshly cleaned and inspected respirators will be placed in plastic bags and
sealed (see Section 2.10.3.1 above).The individual who cleaned and inspected
the respirator will write the date on each bag and initial it to indicate the work
has been done properly.
Page 22 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
2.12 Limitations on Periods ofRespirator Use and Relief from Respirator Use
As noted above under Section 1.1,the NRC has noted that the use of respiratory
protection devices in the workplace can impose physiological and psychological stresses
on workers,obstruct their vision,hinder their movements,and make effective
communications difficult.In consideration of this,a respirator wearer will be permitted
to leave the work area for any respirator-related cause.Reasons which may cause a
respirator wearer to leave a work area,include,but are not limited to,the following:
a)Failure of the respirator to provide adequate protection;
b)Malfunction of the respirator;
c)Detection of leakage of air contaminant into the respirator;
d)Increased resistance to breathing;
e)Severe discomfort in wearing the respirator;
f)Illness of the wearer including:sensation of dizziness,nausea,weakness,
fatigue,breathing difficulty,coughing,sneezing,vomiting,fever,or chills;and
g)Claustrophobia,anxiety,or other psychological factors that may affect the
wearer.
2.13 Monitoring,Including Ail'Sampling and Bioassays
2.13.1 Evaluation of Respiratory Hazards
Before a respiratory protective device is used,the work area must be evaluated as to the
type of hazards that may be encountered.The type of respiratory protection may be
selected only after the hazard has been classified.
Most areas of the Mill have been evaluated for hazards during routine work assignments.
Signs will be posted in the different areas that will indicate the type ofrespiratory device
to be used under normal conditions.
Equipment needed:
a)Oxygen and Combustible Gas Detector;
b)MSA Orion or equivalent;
c)MSA Samplair Pump Kit (or similar)with the following detector tubes:
(i)Carbon Dioxide;
(ii)Carbon Monoxide;
Page 23 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
(iii)Sulfur Dioxide;
(iv)Ammonia;
(v)Hydrogen Sulfide;
(vi)Nitrous Oxide;
(vii)Halogen Gases (Chlorine);
(viii)Acid fumes and mists;and
(ix)Organic vapors;and
d)Detector tubes for HF and any other potential gas,as determined by the RSO.
Many environmental designs were incorporated into the Mill's construction to keep
exposures to most hazards at a minimum.This environmental equipment is checked
frequently to ensure that it is functioning properly.
To ensure the reliability of these controls,monthly gross alpha and radon daughters
samples will be collected at numerous locations throughout the Mill.Routine samples
will also be collected in the vanadium precipitation and packaging areas and analyzed for
airborne vanadium.
The routine samples have already identified some areas that require respirator use at all
times during normal working conditions.These areas are inside the yellowcake dryer and
packaging enclosures and the vanadium dryer area and the packaging area.Other areas
that may require respirator use may include,but would not be limited to,the sample
bucking room,and the SAG mill.
Respirators need not be worn routinely during normal working conditions in other areas
of the Mill.At these locations,usage will be determined by the hazard level or at the
worker's request.Occasionally,a condition may exist that the environmental controls
cannot handle.At that time,the appropriate respirator must be used until the workplace
atmosphere is returned to normal.
Infrequently,maintenance work will have to be performed in areas that are not normally
sampled or areas that may have questionable air quality.Prior to anyone entering one of
these areas,the environment must be evaluated to determine what hazards exist.
A Safe Work Permit is issued for all work tasks that are anticipated to present
unidentified or unusual hazardous environmental conditions.A Radiation Work Permit
(RWP)is issued for work in unassessed areas or for nonrecurring tasks for which
engineering controls are not in place or practical.The Radiation Safety Department will
be responsible for the evaluation of the areas before work begins.
When the oxygen concentration is listed as potentially hazardous,a portable detector will
be used to determine the exact oxygen-air mixture.NIOSH defines that air which
contains less than 19.5%O2 is an oxygen-deficient atmosphere,and attempting to breathe
such air is considered to present a hazard that would be immediately dangerous to life
and health.Any area having less than 19.5%O2 will not be entered until or unless the O2
concentration returns to and is maintained at a level above 19.5%.If an area is identified
as having an oxygen-deficient atmosphere,the oxygen levels must be remedied by
Page 24 of 33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
engineering controls prior to entry by personnel.The use of a SCBA will only be for
emergency escape or emergency response purposes.
Other atmospheric hazards will be identified and quantified by using air sampling
equipment,such as the MSA Samplair Pump (or similar device)with detector tubes for
the specific contaminant in question.The instructions must be carefully read for every
test,as each type ofdetector tube is handled differently.
After exposure to the atmosphere,the tubes will indicate the presence and concentration
of the chemical for which that tube is designed.Chemical cartridges are good onl y in
atmospheres in which the chemical concentration is less than the limit set by the
manufacturer and the oxygen concentration is equal to or greater than 19.5%.As noted
above,the Mill's policy is for workers not to enter an area in which the O2 level is below
19.5%,but to enter such areas only in emergency situations,such as to retrieve an injured
worker,and then with the use of a SCBA.
There are many other hazards that are very obvious but are often overlooked.The
following are examples:
•dust concentrations have an adverse affect on breathing and/or the comfort of the
individual;and
•some substances may cause irritation to the eyes,nose,throat,etc.,but may not be
chemically toxic.
These and other such conditions should always be considered in evaluating respiratory
hazards.If there is any doubt about the conditions within the work area,a respiratory
device should be used.Always be conservative.
2.13.2 Breathing Zone Air Samples
Breathing zone samples are collected to determine the air contamination concentration an
individual may be exposed to during the execution of his job.The respiratory protection
factor is used to calculate the individual's exposure during the work task duration.The
application of a respiratory protection factor assigned to the particular respiratory device
is used to reduce an individual's exposure to an air contaminant concentration as
determined by breathing zone sampling.Routine breathing zone samples are collected by
the use of a small belt-mounted pump attached to a hose that is,in turn,attached to the
person's clothing close to the head (or breathing zone).The sample is collected for a
period of time that would be representative of one eight hour workday.They are
collected in such a manner that the material collected will be representative of that being
inhaled by the individual wearing the sampler.See Section I.I.2 of the Mill's Radiation
Protection Manual for the detailed procedures to be followed for breathing zone samples.
2.13.3 Bioassay Program
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the respiratory protection program will be
accomplished by air sampling (described above in 2.13.2)and by the Mill Bioassay
Program.
Page 25 of33
Dran Date:September 28,2009
Those workers who are working in areas that require the use of respirators will submit a
urine specimen for analysis on a biweekly basis,Workers who use respirators during
maintenance may also be required to submit specimens after maintenance ceases.The
samples will be collected from individuals who have performed maintenance tasks in
atmospheres that are significantly elevated in contaminant concentration or they are
working in such an area for an extended period of time.
The specimens will be analyzed for uranium content.
See Section 1.4 of the Mill's Radiation Protection Manual for the detailed procedures to
be followed for bioassays.
2.14 Communication
Respiratory protection devices limit the wearer's ability to communicate.However,all
respirator users must be able to communicate well enough to be able to work safely and
to keep radiation doses ALARA.The RSO will use his judgment in determining how
these goals can best be satisfied.In many situations,adequate communication can be
maintained by training the respirator wearers to speak slowly and distinctly.In other
situations,especially where ambient noise levels are high or where respirator wearers
must communicate across long distances,voice-amplification devices or other types of
systems might have to be employed.
If voice-amplification devices are attached to the respirator or require a modification of
tlle respirator,they must be listed on the manufacturer's schedule of approved
subassemblies.This ensures that the NIOSH approval for the device remains in force
with the addition of the communications equipment.
After-market communications devices supplied by a company other than the respirator
manufacturer may be used as long as they do not alter the form,fit,or function of the
respirator.Any such after-market device that attaches to or requires penetration of the
respiratory inlet covering is likely to void the NIOSH approval for the device.
2.15 Vision
Some types of respirators prevent the wearer from using standard spectacles or from
using them properly.The ear pieces of standard spectacles pass through the seal area of
full-facepiece respirators and are therefore not allowed.However,respirator users must
be able to see well enough to be able to work safely and to keep radiation doses ALARA.
The RSO will use his judgment in determining how these goals can best be met.
Most manufacturers of full-facepiece respirators offer a spectacle adapter kit.Non-
manufacturer-supplied adapters may be acceptable if they do not interfere with the
facepiece seal and if they do not cause any distortion of vision,damage the lens of the
face-piece,or cause any harm to the wearer during use.Home-made adapters are not
acceptable,not is it acceptable to simply tape the spectacles inside the facepiece.
Page 26 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
2.16 Use ofRespirators in Low Temperatures
The RSO should recognize the potential problems associated with respirator use in
subfreezing environments,discussed below,and take special care when respirators are
used in subfreezing temperatures.
2.16.1 Lens Fogging
Fogging of the inside of the respirator lens is commonly experienced in full facepiece
respirators.The fogging is caused by the condensation of the moisture in exhaled breath
that comes in direct contact with the inside of the lens.Most full facepiece respirators
have air inlet ducts positioned to direct the inhaled air across the inside of the lens as it
enters the facepiece.This clears off the accumulated condensation,but the lens fogs
again during exhalation.The cooler the ambient air temperature,the less effective the
lens clearing provided during inhalation.At temperatures below freezing,lens frosting
can occur that will not be removed during inhalation and may eventually seriously
obscure the wearer's vision.Lens fogging and frosting,therefore,can present a
significant safety hazard by restricting the wearer's ability to see clearly in the work
place.Some possible solutions to the fogging and frosting problem,that can be
employed by the RSO in his discretion,are:
a)Nose Cup.
Most full-facepiece manufacturers provide an optional component called a nose cup.It is
attached to the inside of the facepiece in such a way that it directs the stream of exhaled
air directly into the exhalation valve,minimizing the amount of moist air contacting the
interior of the lens.
b)Anti-Fog Applications.
Most full-facepiece manufacturers provide an anti-fog material that limits fogging when
applied to the interior of the respirator lens.
c)Plastic Inserts
Thin plastic inserts that are applied to the inside of the facepiece lens to form a double-
pane insulating barrier may effectively reduce fogging.
Before using commercial anti-fogging products (that are not supplied by the respirator
manufacturer),the RSO should check with the respirator manufacturer regarding the
compatibility ofthese products with their facepieces.
NIOSH requires that facepieces used with SCBA be designed to prevent lens fogging.
This means that,in order to maintain the NIOSH certification of the device,a nose cup or
some other method must be used when fogging might be a problem.
Page 27 of 33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
2.5.2 Exhalation Valve Freezing
Another potential problem when using any type of face-sealing respirator in subfreezing
temperatures is the possibility that the exhalation valve could freeze.If the valve freezes
shut,exhaled air will be exhausted through the face-to-facepiece seal area and the
respirator wearer will be aware of the malfunction.In this case,the respirator will
probably provide adequate protection as the wearer exits the work area.
If the valve freezes in the open position,or if ice forms on a portion of the exhalation
valve seat,a path is created for contaminated ambient air to enter the respiratory inlet
covering.If the device in use were a PAPR or a continuous-flow supplied-air respirator,
it is likely that the respirator wearer would not be aware of the malfunction,although the
internal dose consequences of this type offailure would probably be limited.
If the device in use were a pressure-demand supplied-air device (e.g.,air line-supplied or
SCBA),it is likely that the respirator wearer would recognize that a malfunction had
occurred since air would leak out of the facepiece through the exhalation valve.Even
though the wearer would continue to be adequately protected,he or she should exit the
work area immediately since a respirator malfunction has occurred.If the device in use is
a SCBA,the duration of the air supply will be reduced because of the loss of breathing
gas from the supply cylinder.
If the device in use is operated in the negative pressure mode,it is unlikely that the
respirator wearer would be aware of the malfunction.The air breathed by the wearer
would,at least in part,be unfiltered ambient air entering the respiratory inlet covering
through the open exhalation valve during the negative-pressure (itthalation)portion of the
breathing cycle.
3.PROCEDURES FOR MEDICAL EVALUATIONS AND AUDITS
3.1 Performing and Documenting the Requh'ed Medical Evaluation
Medical qualification will be required of each worker that might be using a respirator in
his or her normal work duties.This is necessary to evaluate the individual's limitations
to wearing respirator devices.
3.1.1 The Mill's Physician
The medical evaluation will be performed by a licensed physician,selected by the RSO,
to determine that the individual user is medically fit to use the respiratory protection
equipment.The RSO will choose a physician with an appropriate specialty (e.g.,intemal
medicine,industrial medicine,family practice),and the physician will be licensed to
practice medicine in the United States.
Page 28 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
3,1,2 Establishing and Performing the Evaluation
The medical screening process and tests and acceptance criteria will be determined by the
physician and will include a medical history and will be sufficient (in the opinion of the
physician)to identify any person who should not use respiratory dcvices for medical
reasons,or who should be limited to the use of spccific types of respirators.The
physician will report any medical restrictions the worker has that would limit the
individual's ability to use a respirator.Based on the physician's recommcndations,any
worker may be subject to additional or more frequent medical evaluation as decmed
necessary by the physician.
ANSI Z88.6-1984,"Respirator Use -Physical Qualifications for Personnel,"provides
guidance that is acceptable to the NRC staff for the physician to use in determining
medical fitness.The screening method may include a medical history questionnaire and
spirometry testing.The physician,however,establishes the precise screening method.
The medical evaluation program should be carried out by the physician,or by a certified,
medically trained individual such as a registered nurse (RN),licensed practical nurse
(LPN),emergency medical technician (EMT),or someone who,in the judgment of the
physician,has adequate experience education,training,and judgment to administer the
screening program.
Medical evaluations performed by a physician other than the Mill's designated physician
may be acceptable as long as comparable screening tests and acceptance criteria are used
for screening individuals.
3,1.3 Timing of Medical Evaluations
The initial medical evaluation to determine a worker's fitness to use respirators must be
accomplished prior to respirator fit-testing.
The worker must be re-evaluated medically every 12 months thereafter or at some other
frequency established by the Mill's physician.The Mill's physician has established the
following frequency for re-evaluation:
•Every five years for workers under the age of 45;and
•Every year for workers 45 years or older.
3.1.4 Failure to Meet the Acceptance Criteria
Individuals whose screening results fall outside the range of the criteria established by the
Mill's physician may have their cases evaluated by the physician.This evaluation might
consist only of a review of the written record,or it might involve a hands-on
examination.In these situations,the physician might permit the individual to use one or
more types of respirators judged to impose less sU'ess,and prohibit the use of other more
stressfnl devices.The Mill's physician may confirm the ontcome of the screening by
prohibiting the individual from using any respirator.
Page 29 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
3.1.5 Privacy of Medical Records
Medical records and the results of medical screening tests will be kept private to the
extent possible.The only information that will be transmitted from the RSO and any
other respiratory program supervisory personnel to the non-supervisory personnel in the
respirator department is whether or not an individual may use respirators,or which
devices may be used and which may not be.
3.2 Maintaining TEDE ALARA and Performing ALARA Evaluations of
Respiratory Protection
3.2.1 ALARA Evaluations
As stated in the Policy Statement in 1.0,the Mill will use,to the extent practical,
procedures and engineering controls based on sound protection principles to achieve
exposnres to radiation ALARA,and shall limit intakes by means of engineering controls
or procedures,along with the use of respirators,consistent with maintaining the TEDE
ALARA.
The Mill will endeavor to limit the use of respirators to situations in which respirator use
has been shown to keep TEDE ALARA.Other methods of protection against airborne
radioactive material,such as the use of process or other engineering controls,limitation
of exposnre times,decontamination and so on,will be considered before the use of
respirators.
Mill staff will perform an ALARA evaluation of the types of situations that will require
the use of respirators and,if necessary,for unusual or non-recurring circumstances.As
mentioned above,there are undesirable effects from the use of respiratory protection.
The use of respiratory protection devices in the workplace can impose physiological and
psychological stresses on workers,obstruct their vision,hinder their movements,and
make effective communications difficult.These factors increase the risk of physical
injnry to respiratory wearers that,in many cases,far exceed any potential risk associated
with the inhalation of a small quantity of airborne radioactive material.Therefore,when
performing an ALARA analysis for the use of respiratory protection in any
circumstances,and the results do not show a clear,obvious indication (to use or not use
respirators),the RSO will use professional judgment as to whether or not to assign
respirators in the circumstances.
When a specific ALARA evaluation is performed to justify the use or nonuse of
respirators,the evaluation will consider the following elements:
a)The use of process and engineering controls,filtered ventilation systems,and
decontamination before the use of respiratory protection devices;
b)Control of access,limitation of exposnre time,and the use of other types of
exposure controls before the use of respiratory protection devices,and
Page 30 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
c)The estimated benefit.
In performing an ALARA evaluation,when deciding which respirator is to be considered
for assignment during a specific task,the RSO will divide the average ambient
concentration of radioactive material in work place air (or the estimated average)by the
appropriate DAC value for the contaminants present.The number obtained may be
considered initially as an ideal minimum APF for the selected device.If the ALARA
evaluation determines that use of a respiratory protection device might be justified,the
RSO should consider a device with this APF or greater.If selection of a respirator with
this APF is inconsistent with ALARA,however,the RSO may select a device with a
lower APF.Worker safety factors other than radiological factors,such as heat stress or
impaired vision,should be taken into account when performing such an ALARA
evaluation.Consideration should also be given to the possibility that the planned work
will cause re-suspension of radioactive material,thus increasing the average
concentration during the task.
The extent and level of detail addressed in TEDE ALARA evaluations should be
commensurate with the potential radiological and physical risks involved in the activity.
The RSO should consider the following factors in an evaluation of whether respirator use
is ALARA:
•Environmental conditions;
•Protective equipment and clothing,including the respirator,that would be
required for the activity being evaluated and their effects on worker efficiency;
•Comfort level of the workers regarding the use of respirators;
•Experience and skill level of the individual with respect to the task;
•Process and engineering controls to be used;
•Specific details of the tasks to be performed (e.g..dose rates,estimated average
airborne concentrations);and
•Potential post-activity negative impacts (e.g.,personnel decontamination and skin
dose assessments,portal monitor alarms).
Such evaluations may either be job-specific or be performed for general job types.
ALARA evaluations performed for general job types will be reviewed periodically,as
necessary,to ensure that none of the assumptions or parameters upon which the
evaluation is based have changed.
The RSO should be able to support the decision to use or not to use respirators in each
circumstance.Supporting information could include the results of surveys,
measurements and calculations,previous history with this or similar jobs,or other
pertinent data.The judgment of individuals,such as the RSO,with extensive knowledge
and experience in the field may also be sufficient in circumstances that are not amenable
to quantitative analysis.
For ALARA evaluations,a respirator-induced worker inefficiency factor of up to 15%
may be used without further justification.Larger worker inefficiency factors may be
used,but the RSO should have test data to support them.
Page 31 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
3.2.2 Estimated ALARA Benefit
The evaluation should demonstrate whether of not the TEDE for the job will be ALARA;
that is,whether the internal dose avoided by using the respiratory protection equipment is
likely to be greater than or less than any additional external dose that may result from the
use of these devices from respirator-induced and other factors.Non-radiological factors
should be included.
3.2.3 ALARA Evaluation -Records
The Mill has established 0.50 mrem/hr for prospective external deep dose equivalent
from a task or job below which a record of an ALARA evaluation for the use of
respirators is not needed.A Radiation Work Permit (RWP)may serve as the record of an
ALARA evaluation for the use of respirators for a specific task or job.
Regardless of the magnitude of the projected external and internal dose,the RSO does
not need to perform or record ALARA evaluations before requiring the use of respiratory
protection equipment as a precautionary measure when there is a large uncertainty about
the magnitude of the projected concentrations of airborne radioactive material to which
the workers will be exposed (e.g.,a new job with significant airborne contamination
potential,but with no history of previous similar jobs).
3.2.4 Exceptions to ALARA Requirements for Respirators
The RSO may require the use of respirators in any situation where,in his judgment,
respiratory protection would be appropriate,even though a dose assessment would
indicate that respiratory protection is not required.
However,when the use or non-use of respirators has no clear impact on TEDE,the RSO
should opt to not use respirators in most circumstances.
A reduction in TEDE for a worker would not be reasonable if an attendant increase in the
worker's industrial health and safety risk (e.g.,from a vision limitation or other
respirator-related problem)would exceed the benefit to be obtained by reducing the risk
associated with the reduction in TEDE.
4.PROCEDURES FOR RESPIRATOR APPLICATIONS
4.1 Routine Respirator Use
Donning a respirator must be performed in accordance with the training provided.
Procedures for routine respirator use are set out in detail in the foregoing Sections of this
Program.
Page 32 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
4.2 Non-routine Respirator Use
Non-routine Respirator Use shall be defined as use of respirators in un-assessed areas or
for nonrecurring tasks for which engineering controls are not in place or practical,The
same procedures apply to non-routine respirator use as apply to routine respirator use,as
detailed in this Program.
4.3 Emergency Respirator Use
Emergency Respirator Use shall be for recovery of an injured person from an area where
air concentrations of radioactive material may be high,the breathing quality of the
ambient air has not been assessed,or the area may become immediately dangerous to life
or health because of the presence of nonradiological hazards,
Respirators designed for emergcncy use will be stored in areas that are readily accessible
to all workers.Emergency cabinets are located on the north side of the Mill building
outside of the SAG Mill doors,outside the SX on the north wall,on the south end of SX
on the fire cabinet,and at the fire hose station at the front gate.
The equipment preferred for emergency entry into an unassessed environment,or into an
area with high concentrations of a chemical hazard,is the SCBA operated in the pressure-
demand mode,with a minimum rated service life of 30 minutes.For other emergency
use against airborne radioactive material,the full face air purifying respirators normally
used at the facility will be adequate.
The use of demand SCBA in emergency firefighting situations is not permitted,because
such respirators do not meet National Fire Protection Association standards.
4.4 Safety
4.4.1 General
Procedures intended to ensure the safety of the worker are set out III detail III the
foregoing Sections of this Program
4.4.2 Un-Assessed Environments
For entry into areas where the level of hazard has not been assessed because of the
existence of unusual conditions,or in response to unanticipated releases of radioactive
material,workers must use only SCBA operated in pressure-demand mode.However,
the use of SCBA to circumvent the pre-exposure sampling requirement (R313-15-
703(3)(a),10 CFR 20.1703(c)(I»is not permitted for non-emergency activities.
4.4.3 Emergency Escape
For emergency escape from normally safe environments,where a respiratory hazard
might develop suddenly,any of the full face,PAPR or SCBA devices used at the Mill
Page 33 of33
Draft Date:September 28,2009
may be used so long as it provides adequate short-term protection against the type of
hazard that might be encountered.
OENISON
MINES
VIA PDF AND FEDERAL EXPRESS
September 28,2009
Mr.Dane Finerfrock,Executive Secretary
Utah Radiation Control Board
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
168 North 1950 West
P.O.Box 144810
Salt Lake City,UT 84114-4810
Dear Mr.Finerfrock:
Denison Mines (USA)Corp.
1050 17th Street,Suite 950
Denverl CO 80265
USA
ret:303 628·7798
Fax:303 389·4125
www.denfsonmines.com
Re:Renewal Application for Radioactive Materials License (RML)No.
UT1900479:Health Physics Interrogatories -Round 2;and Engineering
Comment Interrogatol"ies -Round 1
Reference is made to our letter of August 14,2009 in response to the Executive Secretary's
correspondence of July 2,2009 with attached Health Physics and Engineering Comment
Interrogatories.
As contemplated by our response to Health Physics Interrogatory Statement No.12,enclosed
please find a draft revised Respiratory Protection Program for the White Mesa Mill,together
with a marked version showing the proposed changes to the Program.
If you should have any questions or require additional information,please contact the
undersigned.
Yours very truly,
:~NISON;;/NES USA)CO,,-R_P_'~_
Davittt enlund
Vice President,Regulatory Affairs and Counsel
cc:Ron F.Hochstein
Harold R.Roberts
Steven D.Landau
David E.Turk
c-F
Wh1{f'"lVk-s-a-Mj~l··~~·-St·a-ndaHl.();){·~·Fa+h:lg.J.2FHt'-e{~HH~s-·,,-~
Rl2JL·j.··Ho{JJ(--J4····~····___..~.~.
!2l'ljlll"\~.:Septemj&~jLl()j)2
--......'"-~-·lia-t-B0..I--J!Og-Rev1-si{+R-l}{J,~A-·.J
.........._.__.·····Page 1 01.2·)40
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PROGRAM
Table of Contents
1.0 APPLICABILITY
I .1 Respiratory Protection Policy
1.2 !illlJervisory Positions and Responsibilities
+,c&.1 Mill Mawger
1~1.2.1 Radiation Safety Officer
1.2.2~Radiatjon Technicians and Other RarJLgljon $afeJLP.Q]JarlIYICn\
!itaf[
1.2).Respirator f'rggrarn Administgttor
.12.4.Training amiI<c·Iraining Rcguir"lllents
11,5 Qualifical!pns for Appointtr!~Ill
1.3 Policy Regarding Facial HairlEacc to [';lcepiccc Scal Intcgrity}
1.4 Physiological or Psychological Limitations to Respirator Use
J.5J1qWJ2.Vl\'!J\
2.0 PROCEDURES FOR RESPIRATOR USE
2.1 Supervision of the Program,Including Program Audits
2.2 Training and Minimum Qualifications of Respiratory Program Supervisors
and Implementing Personnel
2.3 Training of Respirator Users
2.4 Fit Testing
2.5 Selecting Respirators
2.6 Maintaining Breathing Air Quality
~..SCjlJ Tests
&.+IJLInventory fHld·Control.<lndl~ltal)'<;cof Respiratory Protection Equipment
£.,g2.9 Storage-flRfllssuance of Respiratory Protection Equipment
~2.1QMaintenance,Repair,Testing,and Quality Assurance of Respiratory
Protection Equipment
:&,-1{~2.1 I Record keeping
:&,-1·.j.2.12 Limitations on Periods of Respirator Use and Relief from
Respirator Use
:&,-1.;;1,2.13 Monitoring,Including Air Sampling and Bioassays
3.0 PROCEDURES FOR MEDICAL EVALUATIONS AND AUDITS
3.1 Performing and documenting the Required Medical Evaluation
3.2 Maintaining TEDE ALARA and Performing ALARA Evaluations of
Respiratory Protection
4.0 PROCEDURES FOR RESPIRATOR APPLICATONS
4.1 Routine Respirator Use
4.2 Nonroutine Respirator Use
4.3 Emergency Respirator Use
4.4 Safety
~lJ:H{-e·-l\4-e&H-M,i-l-l-~·,-,').t-a-H(-!~1ffl----{)pern{1H-g-J2:F{l\'~e{J-HF0S------
R-p·JL-1·_gook-j-~··"~,,,~.,,-----~-~~-..--~.-~.----"....-.-..--------~-.--.-
Dr'!iU2;Ug,_.:;;C:piember.J8.2009
......··I-)a(£,~;;l/qgJ<"visifHl-l~USA·~
··--~---·--·-·--Page 2 of 01-40
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PROGRAM
l.GLAPPLICABILITY
TheIbis Respiratory Protection Program &-lBJBinate&sets out the
-L------Aj·HiiJ-HopJ-i.H-g-MiJ1i-eiefl1--t<+id-eHliJy-+flt'--pete-el-ii-lI--h-amHB.,.-wk't+l.fl€-jJfOj-ler
eijn-ij3-H'leRl,-and--e&!inl-a1-e--e*i'(-1b'HK'5~
±-----~tH'V-eys--fHld-l_lion-ssays,-{1s--nj3j'lH)pB-(l1:e-;1(-l-ev-a1Hale--ae1Hal--intak<c,s~
+.----'Fest-iHg~-lf-fesj7iffil-HfS-j'<lHJj_l€J'(mi-ljtyJffief--k-l-·ea<c"!HlsB~
-W-Fil4-enMill's procedures regarding·~
4,-,,__selection,fitting,issuance,maintenance,and testing of respirators,including
testing for operability immediately prior to each use;supervision and training of
personnel;monitoring,including air sampling and bioassays;and record keeping;
and
~."_Determination by a phys ician fll;j{-lj'-tH-+lte--ffij1-iill--li1ting'-{~'-spifB1BJ'5,-iffi{-H3jth€J'
e-v-eJ'Y--l-~--meH!j;l&-+l-lBfe(tftBr-flf---fl{--a--grBa1,*--fretjUBfl€j--(-IBlem+i-HBfI--BY--B--j'l1ry-sic'-ia-H,
that the individual user is medically fit to use the respiratory protection equipment
ftWBr-t-IlHHge--e1:4§1-GJ'-e-very-+iv{0-y-ears-l'<-lHnd-i~;.jB-uilIs-undt'F-4,';--yearsBf.-age.
U -hl--Respiratory Protection Policy
The Respiratory Protection Program is established for t-Ilis-fa-ei-J-it-y--afHl-jl('}HBy--Gf-I)€Jli5HH
Mines-fl.-J-&A-)--GG1'j-l,-tlJ1dSA)the Mill to protect its emplHyeesworkers from occupational
exposure to harmful concentrations of radioactive and/or toxic materials in the air.
1-,--·-----j;2ffieefi:;or other engiReef-iHg~-'BH1·fHIs--w-iJ.I-B-e·-uwd--wheHe-¥el'-f'e{l&il*e--l-B
J'edu€~{1&-l'leed·-fGr-njieof rcspiffih~
;;r"-~-T;Hl'·-wGl'k--iH--iH'ef-ls---inwhieh rCf;j3iraton;mns-t--lJe-rot+tH'le!-y--'H-sed-4-(H'e{_lne0
,*pesnm;,SOP's wiIl--flB1aiJ--Hse-<7fH\!';j_lffit!-BIy-j3R'lt€el-iH&.---Nen--ffiUBn€-l1-se--e1'
l'espiratHn;wi1-l----l-Je---peJ~'<n'Hlef-J----un{1er---Sn_l'e---WGI'*·---J2ernl-i1!;.Sclf.--C---HB-tai-flBfI
Breat-J.Hng-Appllffil-HS{'-'S-GB-A")respffilt-ers-wi11-fl1'Hy-OO-HMK1--fHHVMl-fH1-iHB-ilHB
emel'gC'HC-y--re;-;pGlllie--SitnatioHs.
+.-------·DHMH"-lj'>a{kIccJl#¥;'#i<#l-le#l¥€"""'#f~w0l#.-lHft'-¥.~N.j.g-Hgj+lg'~l4'e#!"i-l'llt'jl';-"A-'#ffi·
j){wikl0gdNtl-l4tg'dM,-#\1-eB·"'Ni!-l'l--_M''j¥&I'Kt8f.'
4.~piraten;wilI-n-e1--h~-JOO..tB-etnplHyeefi--B-ltlcsf;-they are lo-lJe-+wed7
1-.2 ResjlOIlSibilffies
As noted in United States Nuclear RegulatQ[y Commission ("NRC:'}Regulatory Guide
8.15,"it is widely recognized among safety professionals that the use of respiratory
protection devices in the workplace can impose physiological and psychological stresses
on workers,obstruct their vision,hinder their movements,and make effective
_...·····J)al~,I{)g·jkvjsi'l11·(')·IJ&A-·'2·
·_·.._..·_~.._·_··Page 3 of·~140
M,LhitB-M:e~-a..M,~~,I-·--~--StaHd-i-trd-·.(~fJ3em1-iHg-11t'OH'{1-H1:es--··--··~~----­
R!4'-·Hk'Hk·~4-·--···_-_··~··_·-··_--_..__···-
LJran J)Jl.L~;.2!'Pl!,l11ber 28.2J2Q.2
communications difficult.These factors increase the risk of physical injury to respirator
wearers that,in many cases,far exceeds any potential risk associated with the inhalation
of a small quantity of airborne radioactive materiaL"Therefore,#le--NR+:;"reWHlmemls
tl'Hlt-process or engineering controls shou!!Lbe used to the extent practical to control the
concentration of radioactive material in air,and thaHhe use of respiratory protection
devices..1ihould be contemplated only after other measures to limit intake have been
considered.
.'1L..._Proce~.~_9r olher eflgil1e2ring COIljTolswiIU?9_Used}~1~J.19y(';r l~asible tQ redlIc~
Ih"J.l~~Sj for us",ofl~~pirajors:
h2 Eor work..&B19aS iIl....."'hidl..J:9!ij)iralors musl pc.l'Outi!1Cly .llsed to..requcs:
exposur"s,standard....QJ2QIating procedures ..J."SOP's"2~iILdetail use .--21'
respiratory protection.Non-routine.llse oLrespirators will beperformed ul1der
)<adiation Work pern,!t,L Self~~ontail1edJ:lreathing Apparatus t].c!3A")
respiratQ1ii.:will only be [Ised for eVlleuation an(iemer~ncY.response situations:
c'Due to the added [)h"sical stress of workin2 while usin2 a resl)irator.work~_..--,-"=,,,,",,,.-.-.~,-_o~,o·,,,,-",·,,",,,,,~~,,·.o,===o=~~".,,",,,--"_-,,_,,,J.,.-,-,-,,_-.~~~"C='-"'_~=,='O"""~"''''''_-_-_"''__~=""~'""'''==_''~''''~'c_-_o,,,,=·.,,----_==,,,,,_,,.c,,",,.-,-_,,",=c,,,;,,,,,,,,8.~"".,,,,c.,,,,,,~,c,'-"""''-_~_-''''"''''''''.,,
l)mjJ)_d~_\yjllJl.~_~l,UQllW\£JL\yjJ!)J:"'!)U)QIi\)\!~;J]lld
gespiratOI~.arc provi ded tQ."Vork2rsJ:Ln:Jb",iLJ1",nimJ5)LJILQi,\;~;tjJ,)]J,m1jlJb-"',J2l-gl)~LW&__Qj'
I!;!)J)jm1m"jll __m:~illi_,jlL\Yhi\;!J,,,,'ilJQI}_J)J'9J,,,,~\iQjLi~,)J;\Wh;~tLj~,5L __~_Q!l\,ljJjQJ1 ,Jlf_J11,'il
mllJ)l9Ym~!)LYi9J5\tiIlg)!1"'"~"-\l-!l)ji,lJ~\tX)I!",,jSl-l.n;,Spil'nJl-l-l,,[\,)J;J))il-)lJ;~,~!lHjI)J!i~,;jJ]Jj)l,m;Y
i\£\j\m).,mJ9_il_mLilxtl.ll_\El)gJ1i!smi~!'-ilL
1.2 Supervisory l>ositions ami Responsibilities
In general,the Mill Manager is responsible for providing the equipment and resources
necessary for the successful implementation of thethi;::Respiratory Protection Program
and for facilitating the application of engineering controls to reduce the need for the use
of respiratory protection devices.
The Mil!'s Radiation Safety Officer CRSO")has primary responsibility for
implementation and oversight of all aspects of the respiratory protection program~·,
including supervisory and technical responsibilities.The RSO is assiste9 !2Y one or more
Radiation Technicians or other Ra.qiation Safety Department staff.
The Mill Manager and the RSO will coordinate efforts to use,to the extent practical,
procedures and engineering controls based on sound protection principles to aehi€-VB
ALARAmail1lain radiation exposures.as low as.reasonably achievable ("ALARA").
...~.-----l;lal€'·J.;;IJ)8R"."j'j<Hr.J)U8A~
_.._--~.._.._---_··---Page 4 of;&140
W..J.H+e··M-€-s-a---M,iJ,j·,,···-g.l-aH(-1-afd~{:}pe-Fa{~fl-g ..·P-H'l(-oed'HH;,S-~".'--,-..,,".'
Rl2j:LJ-gook~~i4~~~~~~-----~~~-_....~_...-~-_....
Draft Date:.SsJJ!grnber 28.2009
~]te--Mi+J-M-BfHlgeJ'--iJ;--I€fij3BfJ!+ffiJ€--fOJ'--01J£Hl'iHg-tIHI1--a--l'efTl7jfatBJT-iJffite€tioB!*,gRlRl,
meelIDg-of-t'7HJ€ediBg tilat :;1)€Gojfoj0C~~+ry--fL"g1.+latiHB,*€fifilbH:;jl€d--ilB4-JmliHJaiB€B-+flt'-l~le
effijJ-lB}te€YHBd€lcfli*-BH'l6J'i1tfi!;dj~
+~1.bL Radiation Safety Officer
The fRSOj is responsible for the implementation and direct control of the respiratory
protection program.The R-g()'~ffi--<illm'gb'tj---\,,';tJJ.-{~"e-feJjewffigg2Q's responsibilities
incl1!,LQ:
-l",!!l_Supervision of respirator selection procedures,;
;6,QL ..Establishment of training sessIOns about respiratory equipment for
t'fllfllHye&;,~~orke§
~,!J.....Establishment of a continuing program of cleaning and inspecting the
equipment,;
4oQL_Designation of proper storage areas for respiratory equipment;
~~_Establishmentof issuance and accounting procedures for uses of respiratory
equipment,;
e,[L._Establishment of medical screening programs and procedures for
emflloYBeii~mkers assigned to wear respiratory equipment,;
+,gL~~Establishment of a periodic inspection schedule of those work places/conditions
requiring respiratory equipment to determine exposure and/or changing
situations,;an<l
g,!.ll....A continuing evaluation of the above aspects to il!iiiHfe··ensure their continued
functions and effectiveness.
Re!ij7iffit€ffi-are-j3J'BVffiffi+<+-eHlflffiye&;--f&Ft+J#ii'tjet'§(~f}ffltOC~'*)N-0H@-{h"--1~I'Oj¥?;,.""p,~}f
1"""#fJift\tH¥#=iH---!W011§--i",-=w}}igh-~'h"i€-fI_~'jW,+.~i{-wF-i#=4'@qtmoo--Mi_(Wl\hJ-iHj.i~4if--411eir
el'¥l17kryiflell-l;-V-ioli\tiHg-#1,,--ei;tal;.li#he4--rtlj_-i#t'0"~i-f}iri\lHF-~\t&&4Ra-y.4+"!'RjH~H-<4i<iei-rJ-i"{li'Y
f{g{ieH--l-jJ'l--I"J--{jtl{1~--iHeI,,\tl-i-Rg-<-l1#ll}If,i;'({h
1.2.2 ..~Radi.i\!jon Technicians and OtherRadiation Safely DeparlmentStaff
In administering the program,the RSO will be assisted by one or more Radiation
Technicians,who maJjJerform snpervisory and technical functions.as determined by the
RSO,and one or more \lther members of the Radiation Safety Department Still'I',whQ
)llay perform technjcalfunctions.Each such in,lividual must have adequatQ training to
undertak~his or her assigned,respQ!15ibilities,as determined by the RSO.
\:Vlj.j{-l'---:M.-B-S-B···M~-I-J-~""..ShlH{~-aH~·--{.)f)0l:<H-{-l1-g-i2tiJ{'€{J-tH'0!j-,,·
RPP-j-1~H(7k·l4--·--·-·----··--·
J2g11'l Dil to:__:i~lll<'1}l12~128.)OQ2
12.J_____Re~J2iraIOf PIQ..gral11 Adl11jpistral0l:
···-··DaH"PJ{J8·J<"vi,i(lHDl~"A'J
...-----.-··--Page 5 of :.l-140
Ihe 1~20 iSJhe Respirlll<EY PrQgral11 Administrator.]Jowev9L.Jll£RSO.lllaY_ill2!?oinl jl
RaclilltionJ'"chniciallJ]S 1~9.sJ)ir<It9J:J:'rQg!:!ml AdmirU5tratOf.inJlL,~tcad.to J.lcll.pinistQUh£
m:Olnam undeUhe dir"QtiOllilQ~Ls_UJ;>eJ:yj2igll.ofthcE';;o.
IbcRSQ_and any R_il~hati<J}l_IQclmicillJ}~:jjLQQ_require.cLJiL.bav"...5.misfied_tllQ
requirements for tho59.J2QsilionsJ!5 seUr]l.LID_.NRc;J{eg.GuicL£8.3 LJl2~UQ.Jle cUITenLID
thcir)yfresher trainjPKas s£LQILt in IhiCLKQ&QlLl<1",-__A12Y-oth"J:membeLQLl1lQ RadWion
2afety Demll'lmeJ.lL""hQ has Q<;9n givQLlechlU"'-'lIJ£5J29nsi[ljJitiesJJlI.'l£XJ.hiUlLQgum1 will
have ade.clllate tUlining ilU)J:~ler to undertake those !:£'i]2Ql1sibililies.iJ5...cIetexmin£clJI.YJ!1£
RSO,_Eacl0SacliatiQl:\.J'echnicjan _.IViLLaIsO.J1a v£_COl:\ljllctecUh9.JntiningJipecifieQ.in
Scctioll;UJl.elow .
Ihels,20 and.ifsoJlllpointcd by the RSO.on.9..0f_.l11ore lS,ildialion Tec!l:\licians L wiUJlav9.
.gjJlervisory respoLliibility ll)ld 11)ay ajsoJ1ave dily:t responsi[lilitY._[QLVllrious tec!lnical
illJ2y.yts oflhis prg,gral11.SUyh individual'i_yyil.LJ:l]ecllblL.I9.gtliremenls fgJ the position.Qf:
R~O anc.LJ{adialion TechniciiHl.as _5£LillLUn_l'RC.Reg,,_Guic.L£.JL'.L ancLy.;ill hav"
c:9111pleted the tnljning.!iJl£cifie~Lin Section 2,2 belgw.
Any otlj9Lm9.mbers of Ihe R;]diation ;>.afety DeJ2artmenl_""ho p_erfOl]l1 tecl1l1ieal functi,rns
l,)lldel'_illi5-llLQ.gntm will hllye lhe..JJllillific:.<lii9ns .iJI2<L tn]iniQg ..recjuil'ed to perform.Jb.Q
fllnction.a5_~letermined by lhe R50.
1.3 Policy Regarding Facial Hair (Face to Faccllicce Seal Integrity)
+R-&-j3l'{-lj76f--Anything in the h]c:e-lQJae~pi££e sgalJ1xea of a tigl]lJitting Of,--[H'e5fl-lHltBl'Y
fk'-V-i€Bre~pirator that is nm1el'lhc £ontroL.9Lthe l~ljrator user is HB€e8;ary--to-eHMlfe-fRHl
i-t--will:--fut1€t-iBtt--ad'*l\1HteJy~lciiH--R-ai-f--(-t>ear4i-;---JHH*{l€lK"ii-,-a-Rd-·jBRg--si<-lOOttHl;;j-·witj--t1Ht
eJ-low-{lt1-f!i·Htghl-s-eili---tH--Be--lWtBeH--00t:WBeH-tflB-faee-ilfHl--1BilSk-,Hs--€Hffiafninfll-eil--HH:---w-iJ.!
en1ef-..inlB--the--w-eaJ'C¥fi bl'ealhing,*-me-·-if-4-1te--jH{}I)ffi'jJn~jibited.Mal9.lials in this._arell
rl]jght in19Lfere_.""ith the seal lli--RBt---a€hiB¥OOOf the_l'espirator,might prc:y_enUlrope.I:
exhalation vlljve funetion"...QLmighLimpaLUhe opgration of iJ_fac:epiecc-nl0l1nted air
regulator.Leakage of air into the mask will nullify the purpose of the respiratory device,
The lisLof prohibited materials includes (but is not)jecessarilyJimitecLl21 facial hair of
any kjnd (e.g".beards,mustachesand IgM sideburtl,sJ in the seal area (the v;orker l1llhst be
£Lean-shaven).hair from the head intruding into the seal area.,cosmetics,spectacle temple
hal'S.protective.clothing,and .£quipmenL.A r9wiratol'wearer is not,reguired tQ.shave
more than one"during each j 2-holl.U2erio,t
Ihe..policy of DlJ&Athe Mill concerning facial hair is:
----...--,,-Pa1:t"'7..·1-2!-O{q<'0-V~1)~{11-l ..D-tc)SA--·2,
",,-,Page 6 of~,t40
W-H~-!{~0fja-..lvl-i4l"~",,.')+a+K~-af{J-()per-atiH-g---IlJ:{)0ed-ur-&s_.._~--~,-...
RlllLj-J",oH4,~--",~~---",,'---,-,'----,--,"'-'-'
I2rafl DaiLl:i91\,lllt}g[28,2002
As a condition of employment,those empk~>c",workers who may at any
time be required to wear a respirator as part of their employment,will not
have any facial hair 9('other f9,atures that will restrict the proper fitting of
a respiratory device,
Vi lA--Physiological or Psychological Limitations to Respirator Use
This WBtciBBSection describes physiological and psychological (including emotional)
factors,which may limit an individual's ability to wear or work in a respirator.Any
questions or problems concerning respirators or their use,such as the types described in
this 5e0kHHSection,should be addressed to the RSO,
141 A.]+-----Physiological Limitations
As described below in Section 3J,medical qualification will be required of each
emplH)'e0','!orkcr that might be using a respirator in tB{1i'fllis orAQI normal work duties,
This is necessary to evaluate the individual's limitations to wearing respirator devices,A
licensed physician fe','!ill perform,the medical evaluatign an9,_wjl!determine thatiJ the
individual user is medically fit to use the respiratory protection equipment-willperform
H"H'lle<JiBa!'&Vit!HatiHlh,The physician will report on any physiological factors that may
limit an individual's ability to wear a respirator.
]A.2 ,4-4,2~,Psychological Limitations
Mental factors must also be taken into consideration when e+l1f>J-eyeesworkers are
required to wear respirators,Some individuals become claustrophobic when wearing a
respirator.These individuals should not be required to wear respirators if the condition is
severe enough to cause panic,
Other factors,which may cause problems in respirator sealing,must be considered when
performing fit testing,These may include such factors as facial structure,scars,skin
creases,or dentures,
1.5 Equipment
On[L!"Jatjynal Institute,for "OccuJlatjonaU;;af~l:LJln(L l'lcaltlLl"J,!IO;;JI"LJQsted,and
certifiedl1nd Mine Safety and Health Administration ("MSHA:'.LJlJlQXSJved respiratory
protectjon devices,_wjlLlle used at,the Mill.,In additiQll,these devices must b""used,
]naintained,and stored,in such a manner tl]!1J they are pot modifie~land are ilJJike-new
,condition at thc Jime of issuc"A reasonable amount of wear that docLnot ~!ffect
performance is acceptable,
:rhc MUI will prQvide adequate cquipment or material..as nccess<U)'~5!lJlJ?JQmcnt
respiratQD'proteetive_,£fl!lim11cnt~.lSLLQduce the likelihood that respiraJor lr~Q might
cODtribute to workIili!Qe accidents or injury,ExamplesJ2f such Qilllwment are:
~~~~~1;J;)\Bc-I-:lI1J8-RBvj,joH-DcJ);A2
~~--~~~-~--~~--~-~~~~~-,--~--~Page 7 of2-(40
WJ1·i{{'!--Me-sa,--M~·J,l-·-,---,-g.t-a-HEI-rtf{~~Oj)el.'H{~-llg"PFG(-'e{j{.ll~-S·
RIlJLj-ll'K)k~~14 ~~~~~~~~~~~~---~----~----~~--~-~--~-~­
Dnlft J2i!!£;__~2L~mQe ..28,2Qll2
@ Spectacle adapters:
•Voi<':~,",jllilllificatiOlXJ'ilillpmenLand
!-__~_~__,_!ylatcriaI oL~q\!ipnxent to prevent_or redue.'"fogging of respirator lens",s,
.$.afely,QIJJrotective equipmellllJSed ilLeonj\InetioD-\YitJu:",512irators should nQUnter[",x~
y,;i\hJ1Je properjiLor o~ill)))n of therespiratoL Manufac;turer-supplied ~m)!pment (e,g,"
welder's shields,cOlDllwnicatiollsclevicesJ specifie,l on the al212roveel subassemblies IL:i\
[.QLlh"'-lSJi12iniliJL111i!j'be u5\,\LlrLi!CCorc!!lncc__y-'ith the-ll1anu[acturer's instJuc(jQDL
EguipmenU1Lc!gvices sL)]2pliedhY__!l compiillLothcr than the rc§pirator manufactLll:",r may
be us~eI as long as they do uot <xLt",lJ!le j'onl1,[it,olfunction of the l~iratoL_Affi'suel)
deyjc;",Jhat attaehes_tQ~QI.l:~Lxires penQiratiQll of til£'resp![)ltclD'J.r.rlet eoverilliSblik,,!y.JQ
\/Q)s!theJ'llOSH approY!lLIQI the deVl\;L!llld shouldl}Q)J)e usee!,
2.0LPROCEDURES FOR RESPIRATOR USE
2.1 Supervision of the Program,Including Program Audits
:f.lreIl1,L"Respiratory Protection Program is administered by the RSO.Quarterly ALARA
Reports from the RSO are sent to members of the ALARA Committee.The effectiveness
of the Respiratory Protection Program is reviewed and exposure data evaluated during
annual ALARA audits.
2.2 Training and Minimum Qualifications of RespiratOi'y Protection Program
Supervisors and Implementing Personnel
A supervisor,that is,a person who has the responsibility ofoverseeing the work activities
of one or more persons who must wear res12irators,shall be given adequate training to
ensure fhe proper use of respirators.Supervisor training shall include but shall not
necessarily be limited to the following subjects:
-hQL__Basic respiratory protection practices,,;
hL-Nature and extent of respiratory hazards to which persons under his/her
supervision may be exposed,~;
'b
~Principlesand criteria of selecting respirators,;
:,.,
<11....._Training of respirator wearers,;
4,
~)ssuanceof respirators,;
-5,
fL-Inspection of respirators,;
&c
&-Use of respirators,including monitoring their use,;
+.
ihQL.Maintenance and storage of respirators,;ang
~,LRegulations concerning respirator use.
,..-----.---~··,,-Dal€~l·;U-Og··H€V~~;~i<:HI--L}+:)'~-A--,2
J{I-'F--I-jJ{-lOI-il'I------------------------------------------------------.-.---.--....-------------·-----------------Fa.ge 8 0f01 40
2.3 Training of RespiratOl'Users
Each {~'j7JBYBe.'!"orl"-91 who may wear a respirator will be required to receive training for
the proper use of the device,...::rhe-fel]{}w1H0-fHH-Jine-'Ni-l-J-B&-feJffiw&(j--dHrHH'c-1-lu,-iFa-iIHw,'b -----b -b
flHJ{-'<o'!i!i-,-
-J--~---PHsf
2-,--------¥lHlle&
;"-----Mi~t~
-1-,---Ai,'bHfHeuI'ffitffiJH-Ilfl{l-BJle&l
;6-,---RudHR-<-lHuglHBFs-ilHf>-effeet
+.---------C:hk-lFiH&-muJcefftx~1
+.---------A--fHfl*miil-fH*"'i-l£c'1
~-,------Ai,4mfIW-VUUHffitHH-llil(-l-0J'k'G-l
6,A€i{-l-g&;e!Hlfl~e61
+,----Olher BJ-J'ee1-&
+~--------l,:)6-HH+;f0f
&.--------:lk>mm{iHn
+.-----Ven+t1il{ing-~-ysfefu-!;-J-f)f-{-he-ye1J-oweHk_e__ilfyi-'+-ilm1-pa<-4:-{tgiHg_fHillnS
H-)-------¥u JJ fa ce wi1-h-€oHJcl7inaf-iBR-€ar~
13-)--PO\\XlF&(1-----A-iF-----12ufifyiIlg----RespiIHiBn;(PAPR--j-----wi+h
l'H<-l-ifJ1<7giBilJ-dRSH-m'lri dges
6-):;;ojf eomaHwd-lweBJ-hing-aj7j3amfH-&
d--)-------N-lGS II aR d )lAS HA apj7ffiVi-'B_feSjJiHltBl'5--HHly
¥,Lh-i-l€"M-L~-a--M·ill"·~-'·~1:an(4-a-Fd'·(.)f~el:af~iHg--rq:(-)Ge{~{-l+'€'s---­
Rl'j'-I~~'ooh~~4~~~·-~~~~~·~·~···~~··~_._.~-~...._..~...
l)l1LftJ!'llg~Seplel1!heLl.lS.,.1QJ!.2
&,-..----RemiBe-J.nmlHJ.s
:j~.~·--N{}H-FHHjiBe-+lmoaJ4;
.....-~·-PB10'·j.;1/jj8-R,,·vi;;ionDLJiiA;'1
..._-~-·~~··Page 9 of ;1440
~~,·~V-il{¥{e&
27-Btx1-y-iJfmash
:j~1'npS
+-IxHS
3·,~-Aii'.flBSes
WenHeg~iB5tRKffiHB£~lfl{.j..jTititllilg+incIuding pl'aeJh."B-{1BHlHHM+a8Be!ijshaH
Ije-giV{HHe~.lbe reQt.llL"ll1."llU.9xeach K'£j7ilU+eF·-\NeiH'eF~aH{{··sJ,·ajJ-ee¥eHJl€
f,41+1wieg.{.l·ems,
a1···_·---DeHBtBg-HnC~-H4iHg1.~':&L1Qjn,:'ipeCI_(11)£L12~Lt2.mlJlJ1Sex seal check:h
wBaFieg,al'lB--reJmwHlf';-lRB"011 a respirator,
bj-~~-A4j1t;;{.jHf';-1J+&.reSj~ffilBHi{HllaH+5+e5j'liTalBF:Y..ffiIet
eeveHHg-isi:JffillBflY....fi1+eB·~eB4h{}weaF<..4-aJ,&·5{)..j{,il1-the
f€Sj'liHthJJ'-€ilHsesm11'limHHHtf-{{iseemf'eJ+hH!Je.cwBitFeh
0]AlK.HV-t110 J'O:;13iffi1{)F-Weal'€l~·te-\.y-eaH·h€H'eSt,jHl1-{}F-in---&-si1fu.-~atmH5pltaFe...j'eJ~~m
fl{4e{'!mlJ.e-...l1€l.J.ed-~tf··..J'jJch_time iLj~[enne~c!-'--..-1:h,-,req\l.ired JUl ini l}g_for a!LJ2S2len1iBl
['-'~l)ir!!IOl:...l.!~ers is i~)llll!oI in Addellc[lJ.llL.2..i2.fJll£Jylill's 'T'rainin(L..MaIljlai,SOP BookXL
;l\l<.;LLJLainU)g,shall.£\2.Y<:'L the topiQUle<;eSS<)lxto ensure that tj*W&ilf0f-jf;-fafH1tiat'~\",i+h
ffie~*lj)BHttiBJtaj-Ghat'ac4et'if;t*S4lf...tR{}J'eSj'lil'atel"'£..i!9JJnliDYCwii l~
RespilU+tlFs-shaJJ~HHI-b{}_)fll~WflBH-eeOOjljens-~pl'{}Vetl+-a-s-ettl-B<.;j,l1'o,·,lled
of the hazill:QJ..Q_which lhy respirator {{lweare[.maybe exposed,the
W€ili'GF'+;.efa{c'Gc-·F(}f~emmlph*
a}-'---'-~*"1H~W{l()hal;hairfk>affi-bwhhj-e,muf;t±lefle;~l1fflf;;
hennJ,ffiw-hairlincs,or bang:;)4hal-j*s&es-hetw€€neffey\~
91'contaminanls on the Hl{}f;-;mEJ...j{l€-WaJ~4Jl€
fu€e-.]3k'OHHl-y.;earqjJ.:the respirator 5JtajJi~not b€
13BRniHe4-iB~'car:;llch-a-FespimtBf;
b)/\i3ffSBf!-\'Vlla htl!;faciaHtai«~nltlfilfl€l)B-{))cj1€aHl}whK4J
Hltel'j%€~+withFOrl}J)roperly,and the J'lilict!BfrHf'-a
f€Sj'li+a+eI'~YaJ.v-eW-shaj{.~f!H+1J&-j3€RltiHefl~+e-weal'-Stl€fHl
l'efij'H-Fa{{H',
€jill.._~es,wJti€h...Jta~\I{H€lHpJ{)hars,ef--&11'Hj3S,'.vhich-j'Jil''';cs bClweeJ+-t!le-sealing
wrfiK~a~~1'{)Sj3jHJlBf2.,;~4+tH...j'iK"(7-pjBGefill'!!!)11 ities and +lta-\veaf€r'&-fa,"~l
neHirnilations \!Lcae!Ldcvictc tll'lLDl.i1Lbe used,~
""Da{El,2j(Jg-R0v,j,jH"1~lJ,,A-1,
~--,,----Page 10 of lHO
\\qlt!€-~M{'~)a-·M·i-tJ-·------&~a-lifl.afd~Of'l{"'Fit{1l1g--P-F<i€€dUH:)",
Rj21L,1-IlHHk~14~-"~~~"","''''-,-",,,,---~,~-~-,,­
DrafLf!i!I~:,!i£I:>Lelll be'28",2009
(B----Aflead~BBvBFi~Wfl+<4i3ilHS€!i,bel_WeeB~H,&1ieaJiHg-ii,U{+a€€
eHt-reSj7iratBjC1~eBH\{ld4Ji&""'~'ilf€f,*Jaee-sJrall-+lHt~3€
use4
ej"~~~~'ll£,,,"eaHt1g-ef-gktSsBii~F-geggle&i'ij~fac~il'W€l&iBf;
kel+ne},-{+lce+llB1~+,J+aBe-j'lfHteGl~V{Hffivtee;-wfliBk
,iB1BFfel'Bii-v.*lHfie'SC'ill-eHHespiFa1+lJ'-lH4fle,wearef;-;;llul-l
**-bB-alkwied'i
f)~,IJ;;()f\l'n,-llHjjBw--leIBj3le&,'i"Xc€€!iii~V€ly,t}ffilR;4ng
c4eekbBfles;-BeBjJ-B'eilses-*,-lix+iil14in,llwel7SBll{ieBJi
teelb-Hf-{jB11+illes,-B1~HflHSnaffiwiak"HRHf;t+l'ati{)HS-pl'BVent
tlH3-wid-f}f-iHBSj7inllHF-taG0i7ie€e+EHL-we{B'eJ,2j,~,-tbo
flersHH~sJiel+'BH1-b&f'eJ'lHil+ed'~{)-WeaHlle'+B&j'lffillHF,
g>,""---lf+Bi&;ffig-K"elh-Hl'~deH+Hfes~l,)l'eveHHBe'cieal-HHHeSj7H'iHHf
JHHHt*lrHe,*,iJ+-ailep;iJH3S,mBHflT;Jltei3el'MJH~shalJ-HHt-I+e
Mk+wed4B,v,'eJlHH€!iflirai{lf-eqHii3j3ed,_w1il'>-a~lHmll*1j7it-"-"&,
llj-'~"~~~fl0l'SHlt-lla!i-fHJHfiB'0j:-a-cl+afl&HlC&~l£-tl1ilt-I+revenls-JRB
ek+&ing-<7J:'lfl&lJftSB~hy41jB-l1H5e-{4amfl-BfH-+l*,HihfliB€€lt*'se
elilnlIHYt3e-Bf!'&SflH:aiHF,lhe~fl(',j:sHB4ul-l-l+Ht"bo~fleffl+ii+e+j
lfl-Weltflh1!i+Yfl€-ef-l'GSjJ+J'ithlf-
1~---~-GkiB'JiBg;,saB1ti'hiBg,ancl~mttitlleHan€e4eelmitjHef0!el'-all-lYj3es-{if
fBSj3iralHl:s,
2c.-----+he-ffe+j\H"B€J1~&f-l'eSfliHH+H'~e*€haHge{elBalH'*dlanged-fBf_+'*e4h
Bj--~-l-lea¥y-BHe
h)-,~-~Geea,;ional-BM;
+~,-,---A-re;;fliFa1+H,wBaf&l'-Sllilil'~*flBl'mil1€d~!H-lea¥€-l'l1e-haZHJ'(lclJ,fi-an,a
for anY~l'esIliHlffiH'€laleE!-eaH&€~~ea&<+l+&Wlliel+-H1HJ'~eaHM;~a
feSj7inl+er~wearer~aVB-H-hB'~nfcl{H:lS-areil~iHelHd€d-hHHtreHf)1
hnHted·~4Be-fuIl{3willg:
a)----l"'nHHRHJi~a1{lH{3-jlTH¥ide-aE!equalei+HltB€tif+ll,l+---Ma!fuHeliBt]-BHl~+!{*,
H1-----l:)eleetiBtH:l!'-leak{lge~Gf~aiJ',G()nt a'11inant-*+h)-the*'fij7iraiUj~
dj·--lm"reaw·resislaH€G-ffi-l'lfealh1+1g,
a)--~_Bf€-(+isemBffil'l-ffi-w€aJ'ingIhB-l'€SfliffilHl~
J+,~---m,'lBS*-Hf-JR€-wB:iB'€f-iHelnE!ing-;;€HSiltiHH-ef~7.1;JBS!i,
HiH+sea,weaknef>s,fut~gBB,-lH'ealhiJlg-di fficully;~{*lBghffif"
&flee'hit+g;-¥Bn+ijfng,fever~el]-ills
"..······--Pak~0-··1-2/{Jg-14~visi(1n·D-t:J-SA·";?
_.~.~·~··--Page 11 of 1-140
-\V.hik.L.-MesTl---M,tJJ.-,·.."gh·\-Ij(-1{IH~~.oP0F-a-!-jHg··P-H~)Ge d-ures-"
RFrL~J~·RHoJ,~·J4··~··~'-~~..-""~~..-
r'>l"jl.Dj!L~.0.~J)l~!!1IJgL:2I\,2()02
g}··_·~GlBHHlfHI3RBhi-a-,-aJ3~€1-y,'0H*B€l'-f*)'t1iBJHgi€aj-fa£1Bl's~th{tt
tliil}'·af~'eBHji€'-W€{tref,
]"-.-·.&GBA+;eJf'€Zii11ffiHw-l3refltRfHg--it17jiilHl1i,5-)
2c--_·j:;'-BBl'gBtl€y-f€f;j7ffil1HF.fS!iHflHC'e
QLJ:l_~~_~hown Jl'!_~_!il)~_<;lacle_adapters,-"QImnuniC<1\!2ns_<;.'1u iPIllenL'<1!lcLQth<;l
Qmtim11enUDllL)Y11Lbe used diI9ctly in ccmjun<;\iOlLyl,ilh the r~~j)ira1S?I arc t'!.Q<;
attached andopera\Q.'!J)rQj).9Dy;
sJ_...Be ableto demQ]lstrate_Q9llll?etencyjndonninLll"jng,an(1xem9.'d.l}g ea<;hJYJ:>.<;
of~ratorYl?rotectiv.Q-ik'{ice that may bQusc;d;
,IL_.li.Q.!l15.!DlcclQlLi!lhQ)YIQ.iw;pec;t ea"!UYlli'..Q['!Q'PiratolYJllQ,tective devi<;QJ hat
illill'bCII~ed and be ig"trneted 1(u)erform~5uch an il!~)ecction before dQ)1ning
any d~ylcce:
e)'Be instrncted in how to perform a user seal cheek on faee··sealin o devices and_~~~~"__~""'.__~.__~..._._.._~_~_..._.~"_"o ~~__.._._
bejnstrueted toJ)erfQU1.LJ.ttis n~er seal cllc;"k eagl tilllCthis type of device is
,1,mgS;d:
D__~Jle informe,]that ~mY respirator uscr may_leaye thc.YI.ork aI:Qa atllllY time fc)J
l:Qlief fr,mlJesj)jraLQr nse in...\hc e'{ent of eqnipm~llLlllalft,nction,JlhYsicalor
J)ijchological distrcss,procedumL_Q[,.commurIications _failure,_.signifieam
deterioration Qi'-.operaljllli...conditions,or any Qther cQnditimLthat _mj,g!).!
!1eces5itat~suchJylief:.illll)
g)__[i~adyise,Llhat in c<1'i9._QLC9.'iJ1irator..J.l1alf@ctiono[,.wearerdistress,,.the
respiratoLJllay J)e rell]oveeL..!l,;;'_the ffi'ill.irator us_",-.~)\its thC-'llI:110rne
contan1(uation area..
2.4 Fit Testing
2.4.1 General
fit testillg)llust'p_~)erformedfor all face se~l1.ing respirators,even ifJh\,j!will be usg,1 in a
positL~Jressure mode iu theJidd.The ,worker should bc fit-tested with the same mal"",
modeL stYlt;,.and size of resp.lmtor that..YVlll be usee)jn the fideL
E!l.~I.Lperson being fit:l£,SJ<;d shOl,ld already h<!y~be~)1 trailled in how to.12ADperly_ct9.!uulQ
R~rform a user seal check on~a face-sealing respirator.Therefore.duringJjlc test.no
..Pa{t*,··J-~.jm{rl{e·v-is~oH,,-PU·.~A<J
J{·!'W·I..·g(;H!',..j.LI··..·····..··..··-__..._............_..........--Page 12 of2140
1)I:ilg J)a~;;.~12leI111&21L1QW!
persolUinelll£!ing the .vel}on acjrniill5!Cring the Lit·test)sho\lJ,LassisL.9I~().'lfh.Jit:tcst
~\Ihjeets wbiLeTe 1101Qblillning.a s;lLbfaetolxJa~epiece se.'lL
QualilativeJil::.testing aD,LgQ~\Il!ltatL\lfJiu.£stilUL-!l1usLQeacconlpli~hcd wi.tilJllgJace
pj.£ce ..migrating in the neml,tiye pre'iosUlg.mode,regqglless gJ the.mode ot.91i.9[~lLioJLil!
::""hic:.hjl will J!.e u~9d inJlly fideL
Filters used duriniLfiHesting should be at least 99.97'1'0 efficient.even if less efficient---_..--,~.................--~~--_.__.-.__._--_._~"".._----_._~.~----_.----_._-
filters willJi.9.1IseeLin the worluiL~lc:.",_JheJiHestis imended to mea,~ure 0!1lY...D1IT·tO:
i:~!.9"pieC2.s'.1Q!lkage,so filter eJDgleneyonJ!19 tcst r,,~l!ir;lte!r sh,!\Il,Lb9jIS h1gb as !J,ll~5ihle,
f2uring training or 0P.9mtj91k.l.!9re9j!!jj;Jlf.9U!\\ilm!leakage gLltl:"qthing,gas fr9JnJll9Jaee·
lQ:faeepiecC2.,scal .'11:9;1..9J anY._SClt6 is IUlacg9jJtablg,..aneL1LJe wC~I[crshould not bs
pcrmitLcd to conJJ!l!lf...tQ:uscJhe eLg,\Ilce.-,"_uch1eaiG11"e wilLguickly dcplet9 the.q.\ilillnhli'
breathing gas.lUJ,Lif used in an emgrl\~l9YSi!.llld easiluiliLei'the w<;;.ereJjn jeopardy"
fit te,~lil)g must be perf,llrt1J<::.sLannually for every e"lHj}]{cl)'{-'0WOlj(<;;[who IS required to
wear a respiratory protective device,
Retesting should be pC[!<Jrmed bef()re thec.ne;i,J resn1Ullor.u,se when thg RSQ.has
LSIlQ,',YJcd ge tha.tJ!lJotellti~lLres pit~'lt.Ql~.',Ygar':h.~i11cg,lhe Ias.t.Ji (,t9~,Lhas bad~
92._.Sigllifigant dental ehauges (e,g,o_ll)}litipLe eX.l1:m:tiOn!i...'o\I.i!J19Jlt pro".thesiLor
aeCJ1!.biLi9Jl of)lew..Qenmrgs:
Tl.lgJ0ill wilLadyise resl1.i.!:lltor hlseTS of thes<;;xetesLeriteri'lSithgr during gengral trail}jIill
sf,ssions or dl,lring initiaJJiHesting,and will advbe user~Jo adyise thgJ~SO.ofany ofJb9
tQJ'egoing eircumstallfes,
2,4,3 Quantitative fit-+es+iHg-will-be perfDn_Ei",u~+tg-·+!Je-l'il1~~.)(.)(j;-.Bf
eflllivaJOOh)"it Testing
2,4,3,]Geneml
Quantitative fjt testing is acceptable for tgstillRQlI face·se;lLing devices.
If eJUilllUtative fit t<::'~li.!Jg is JL",d tQ:.\es!faeepieees ,Hlet will bc m}(;;j'ateeLin the XlgllatiY9
pressure modejnJhe fieldJe,g"fulLfage respirators),an overall fit fafLor {~Lm leasLLQ
--·---·l-late'·12/irS-l{e-yi,jOJ1·J)USA·2
-.---..-..'·--Page 13 of 2140
Wh~-l-e,-MefYa".J\4-~~~-~}ctHd-aHl-(.jpe--Fa-t-i-l1-g-P-FHBedHf-e-~-­
1?J'.P·J-BookI4·----·---····-··-..-----..--..---."--."
DllltlJ2ate:_.0.QJ11 ember 2&".lQ0.2
lims:s lhe~ili.~igned proleelion hg:;tor CAPl'::]should he demonslral,",UsgguiringllE\Llll~
overilllfil faclor megts lhe acs:eptHnce crilerion m!,H!1Lthal lhc fil facl9I for 01~..9IJ.n0rc
gLJllc individual lesL~2\~rcisc.LIPiv,[lt bc IS'ss !Jwn thc_ll.CCcplilncc cri\S'riQlL1JllI a
satisfaclory ovcrall fiH!,SI can stilLh~_i\chicvcd.
lLqlL811Iitaliy,,_(iltcsling is llseclJ.9Jest fa!&l2ieces lhal in the ficld wiU bc operated onlylrr
!LpOsiljy~.prcssllrcmode,_atloveraILfi.tJactor oj"al l~sl 500 (nol.1QO lit11e~Jhe 61:'1:'2
sQmilsl.be denlonslraled\i\'i!JLthc faeepieee opera!irgjn negativc jlleSSUr~_}l1odc"._J';lce
~!,~l!ing devices IhaL.Ql2.erale.jl1_a_J2.9silivc..lxessure mOcl~i\I~pOweLecLair PllIifyillg
respl!:i!lors ("PA.pRs"2 and SCBA
DllringjlllSJ1lanlitative fil·lcsts,the samjlle_poinl_insi~Jhefa(:~ni(:;!.",-~should bC_lllisllll'<lY
bcl\\!I~211Jhe moulh and lhe nose of lhe les!..sllbj"ct
Quantitative fit testing measurements will be performed l!1_accordanee 'Y.i.tlJ29 C.fR
191 0.134 llsil}g.J.!l~_fiITesler3()OO,or eqQiv~iler!l-,_as follows-BH-tfH3-¥i-jCJ=emBJ'--1(J()(1,,7f
e<:iBi-wtkmti~
&c
tl.L._Input the emj~'fiy;glker'sname,style of respirator and size,~
a,
hL._Se1ect "perform fit test".the computer will walk you through a series of five
tests,~
&.
fL__During the testing program,the computer will evaluate the eJ-l1j1Ioya",y;orkeG
C3,
ill__If there is a failure during any test,the eJtlj7k'l)'eewlltker will adjust the
respirator and try again,;
4-
e,Ql..lf after several attempts to pass a test and the ~-eyeework£!:still fails,try a
different size respirator·,;
f-f.L.Once the eml3k+yBeyvorkgl passes each of the five tests,a document will be
printed certifying the successful completion of the examination,~
&__The document will then be signed by both the 0fl1j3kryeeworkcr and the
facilitator of the examination,;and
go
h,W_The document will then be filed with the 0fl1j3k-ryeAworker's other Safety
documents in the Radiation Safety Department.
2.4.4'---"'Q""u"'a""li",tati ve Fit 'Iesting
2.4.4.1 General
.YVhil~_no numerical.mcasure of fac_~pieecleal<J!geis c[jrecilY.9btained from qualilativ~.fil'
testing Prot0201s,.lh£y are .designed and validated quantit~tively,._NRCJSS'g.Guid~8.15
-------1~illO·~-;:Y1+g-R0vi,ioHj~+J,';A:l
------------,,-----------Pagc 14 of ~40
·\A,Lh~te···M-€-sa-M~4~~····~{(HldHrd--{-}pe-l:'HiH-g~·PI'HGB{~-t-lre-S~
RPILJ'+lHoK-I4---------'-''--,-,,----,------,-
!2mfLJ2_'H"C__,.0-"l)te111b~r 2tLl(lQ2
rem!ires thal a qualitalivefil le;;L1Dusl b~cI\jJable of v"Tifying a fil fl\ctor of j()lirrlCc~the
API"for full fac"d!legativcJ)LessurCctr~!illirator"j)ndg fil faclorof500 (nol 500 times the
1\l'lD for PAPR and~~!J!:LirQsiliY"--l}rcss\!r"Lrespirators CUlTCIlJh,-illlHlitaliveJil
tcsting mClhQds;gg_sm!Y carabIc_of Ycrifying a fit faclQLoflQO.Thcrefore.illlHlitalive fi\
lesliIlkUlletho(!~j)Le 0l1IY-"illllXQJ1IEIlQJSu'respimlors havillliJl!L!'!J'F oLIO (suel)asJFllf
iliff respil]11Q!:Q and Jll~jlQLt;l\'pable ofverjfying a fitJlICtOl'_Q[500 (Le ..]Ox5ill-lleJ'_ded
for fL!IL faee respiralQJ:s.OL~()QJor PJl,fEs an!L~C:I,-,t.,_-,-_J:IQwever.the use,of-illlJllitalivQ
UUcsling in eonjuneliolll'litJ!Jbul noUnJieugil the iElantitjltj','e fit _Lestingl1IoeeQwes
tic~cribed I\h9ve iLc9nsiderceU_o J2c advi~ablc_aneLiLRclj'e2Imcd al-lh"Mill._JLis
rceollilized lhJ!LQDly__eredil fel!:_anAYF oLl!l.l'IilL~c_lakCI!_lJllsed_Q[UhcqualitatiYcJit le51
alone.fvenJ]rSmgh lhc APFjs higllerjor lhesIcvice_
B,Qualitative fit testing measurements will be performed in aecordam;e willL12
Cl'R 1910.]]4 using an MSA ventilation smoke tube,Part No.5645 or cquivalent,
aspirator bulb.Steps for respirator issuance fit testing are as follows:
~~;!L.Respirators equipped with high-efficiency filters will be used for this test
(red/green filters}!..;
;".hLBoth ends are broken on an MSA ventilation smoke tube.One end is inserted
into the tube connected to the positive pressure of a two-way aspirator bulb and
the other end covered by a Y2 inch length of tygon,surgical or rubber tubing.
The test aerosol is generated by squeezing the aspirator bulb,~
~.£LThe test subject will don the respirator and a visual inspection of the facepiece
to face seal made by the tester.An obvious leak in the facepiece to face seal
shall be reason to abort the test and record the mask as unsatisfactory.
Expression of discomfort created by the mask shall also be reason to abort the
tesL~
4-.Ql_The smoke will be generated in all areas surrounding the mask.The smoke is
not harmful however it is sufficiently irritating that if there is a leak in the seal
of the mask,it will be discovered immediately,;...m1d
3c£)__Any indication of detection of the smoke by the test subject during fitting
indicates a failure of that respirator.If leakage is detected the facepiece to face
seal shall be visually inspected for obvious leakage.If any doubt about the
condition of the respirator or the filter exists,another like respirator shall be
tested to HffiHFeensur£the leakage was due to the facepiece to face seal.
2.4.4.3 Irritant Snwke
Only stannic chloXide smokc tl!bes.such lIS the MSA vcqtilalion smoke Inbe,_parl No,
5645~will.Jl-"--_usccl.Similar tLlbes that generate smoke of a (Effercnt c;hcmic;al
compositiell)may not bc sufficiently irritalipg to the tcst subjeel tQ.__be sensed :,tLlow
- --J";>at-B·:··J--2l0g--R(~-v~-s·i{j-l-l--I-=>-USA-::~
150[2140
)2,.aILI)"[<::..;';<:111\~ll]j!<:L2L2Q(}.2
eonecntr,J!lQlE,.SmoJ~_tub~5.JJWI.JL1P cllCnDcab.olhcLlha[L stannic..chloridc arc 1191
acee12tabJ~
Jf.Jn:iJa11Ls nillJC iSJ15ed as IIIc eLlilll cng~Jl.~rosoLmlrilliL.@QJj[l1l iv~fi t·1 C.'i\j1lgLthe gSQ
musl takc sl811IgJl[oteeUh~J1PDi()n aQnlill!.;;I~DllliJl].£.tcsl frOI1l1TI2~lleg..'LXj2Q5ures tOlh.Q
irrilarlt sl1loL"'~.Ihcse slffiLcguld incll[\le using ,[sontai!llllenlQhamb.\'L!l[Onnd lheflQl1d
[llld tor~QgfJ he fjHpst 'il1l]jeet lQ_sgnt[UluLl'LJ;moIS"~2!.Q',Iiding I h"J.esI.Jl[~lU1Vith_Q
ysntil'[tl9lUl.!..l!i!liJJDltlglL.:iY5.1cm,.]lerfor1l1illj,Uhc lesI.QUtdOOl~[lSSignin g .'1.respiralory
12l:l1Icc.tion dcvi<&J.'lJ!le jlCrsQllper[cnmi.ug.tJlc.fil :Jesl ill&.QL9tJ[~LD1~aSUrcs~-l:h"Jit·tcst
J2l11tocoLwill.Jd151L he .J2£rforl1l.Q\Ug.Jimi.Llhc.J.fS151illjeet's eXjlQsnre,S~jl~yiJlIlY..whcll
perform illg.IJJf5~11s itivjly.seL~fnin g eh"cks I111lL,I~lern1i[l.\'.._wh~th CLtJ~_[(;5L5u bjeclfml
delcetlhejrrilaUI SlIilll<'Q.:
2.5 Selecting Respirators
Respirator selection will bc detcrmined by the type of cnvironmcnt in which the
eHlpl{)Y€{"~"ll'kC[will be working.The concentration of oxygen and the type and
conccntration of hazardous contaminants in the work arca atmospherc must be considered
during the selection process.
.S'L..sellAs.0Yh.i,<;Jl are.gIJli2Ucd ai!:.l:"'c'UliratorsL The.5Cj2Adevices u5ed at the
Millll.~J'd.ll faee r~)il:l[tors_Y'ith an lj.ttaeh.ed hos~_meclllinism Ihilldraws air
frolTL'l.fQD1pressecl air lllnk worD.onJ1l.e bal'\<'of t1~w(i[)<.er.Thf.MiLl does not
usc supj)licd air hoocl5 OJ sUllJllie\1 air suil5.,
The MiLLcloes not usc half filee or qWlrter face [espiraJ9rs.._QusLmasks may be u5ed
gccasjona1!yat the MilL fOUlrotecJiolLagainsl 11QIHadioactiyc dust.bu!.sllehmasks,Jlre
not parI gf Ihe respir'llory pmtcetioj)prQgram,
£.lDg.model of respinlLm:Jrom one .!.1wnufacttlrer is adequate,so JOll,g.as diffcren1.sizes 9£
fl[cepiee~_arc available and adeqlli1le fil f,[(;tors .l!1:'L.\ibtained for grealer than.9c9%of ICs1
subjects who m:"'c.1i·ee offacial eharacteri51ies thili2!eelude an adequate re'li!.iralOr fit.For
incli',liduaILV\iho aehieve a fit factor >5.Q.Q with a n.egati'Le·pressure full facepiece but who
are unable to achieve a fit fac.tor 10 times Ihe APF.consideration will be given to
llssigning a positi\lfjJre'5sure face·sl'aling device or 10 .'l_deviecJor which a faee.seal is
!lQLnecessary if Ihe individual V\iill be put into..JL wqrk situalion wher~the usc of a
respirator may b.e.J:lgcessmy
.\:V-h1te"M{'!,s·a-M,j·l,J~·--"·"ll,)4-a-11d·aH~-Op0Fattng..p·H·t0€dH·F€fj--..····~
RT~'-1~gH{Jk,-j,4,-~,-,'-,~-,-,-"--"--"-~"-,-",,
))ral1J2'HL~~j,I""illlli;121L 20()9
2.5.3~i\J:J]2Jjs:Jltion of 6ssigncQl'rotcCliol\Fact,u:,~
-,~,-~~al€,-jeYl18R"y.;';IHl,P'bISA2
-,,-,-~,~-·Page 16 of U40
~_£lIll h]cC rQ'iJ2iratOlJi llaY,~an AP.Lof 5(2;
-,,__PAPR E9liI21rators h~LY5'an.6Pl'of 1.00Q;
,~-5S;BAs havc aD~APF oUQ.OOO.
,,--_Tll~!:£'il)iratQUJ~9Lhas hCCI]JraincQJ9Jlrop"dYAQll.th~Sie yt~S;"
."..1'hc lI~ser 11'!S heeIL'illtisf~l£!S2!ilyJittc:;tcd:
-,,---Ihe l!serproperILI29rfonlLs iLusel:,sealchc~~J9.ensgrcJ1wt th"re i:;l]O gros:;,:;caI
leaIGlQ.c·and-~.."--~-
.",~_Ih"respirator12erforll1s 121QperJl
APFLi!!'e to be .JLSS?,Q..for scI£,~tiLLLL~pecifi ''-.JYpc 9LxespiL'l!.QLJ~LJ2£,llsc(LiILJl19
pClfornwnce Qf a.l;j29<;ific lJj§k ..Jo kcsm.JIJc total ~ffectivedose .£Q.lli,Yalel]l.CJJ3DE")..Qf
QXPO!i£!L.YI'QEliersALARA~jll1d t(LJ)L~'l12lliLed ilL1he de!"iv~cLair ~com:entr'!tio!!
eD/\i;")/hoLlI~calculatiorusuj"ternDnc thc doseJroDlcxpgsll!"e to.!l!Ularliellllltc.Using
Af,'I:\Jo csjjmatS?intake_jll1dthelul.Q:;.~.iIu:Ql]jllIlctioIl with-2ir survey (Jata-2mUhe
m212lication of tllQ1!Ppli@blc QAc..i5JlJe n19thoQ of choice fordcterminimU1le intakc,i1pd
!1Q~9~for \"'SJrker::;at th~lVlilL BiQ!lSSlrY.mCirSuI:91l1cnts ".~lre taken,iD~9lder 19.corroboL'l!Q
SllCh calclilati(2l1jL(scc ,Scc;iion .2,.1 3,3 bclow fOI:"!L:;llll1lnaryoCJhc MiltLbiQa:;.~'lY
mQW!]:.r:r)~
111 estimating the S~2!i.~~QjlKlividliab from iptakc",»:"!lirbgrnc xadioactiye material:;,the
S;oIlccntratiQll of radjoactiYs materi~llill tile ai)"thaUs inhalc!L~heIlrCliI:.r:irators arc worn is
initially a,sswned to be.the amh,!2IJ!.coni:,cntrationjl1 air "",itllilllLl~{ira(oryjlliJl££tiOlI~
diviQ~cd by thc assig;lcd protection factor.Elhe ttQ,~:is laterJ\luIlcUcL!:.r:£grcater.1!lan th~
cstimateQ~\losc.the C01Icctcd YlillI9Jl1llst b£.uscUL!tlC do"sc is I'llQLfQlmd tQJ)eJcss than
thc cstill1!Ltcd i!ose,JJI£forrcetQ,Q,yaluc111ay bc usS?\L
Survey Prognll11
6~5ury.cy progr;ill2 th~lLis ad"Jjlwte to idcntify potcuti,ll respiral\JI.YJ!azargs.to pcn11it
,s,,19cti~LQf thej2lQj)cr r£illiJ"[J1ory protcction mcthod and to evaluatc a£tll;llor suspectcd
intakes is cQnLainetLillScction 2.CLgL thc_Mill's Radiation Protc£!ion Manual SOP]'BLc
RP·2.and slcseribcd in Pil)"t in.0.9ctiOIl 2.1 3 below.
\¥hi-lf'---M-es-a-,-M~ilj···_····S{aB-daJ-'{J.-qpe-J'H~~-1g4:):rH{~&I-HR:..s,-·-,----~'---."---,,
jet}4LI-Hook-J4--------"-"-.-.---------..--
J.lnt.lL!)U1'~0\~PIeIIIbQl..28,1,,<)1)2
.-------·-Pale't;C/jj84<cwi,ion)-)lcJSA-2
.---.---.-·-----··--·-Page 17 of 2140
Prior to selecting a specific type of respirator,the work environment must be thoroughly
evaluated for respiratory hazards.The following questions must then be answered:
-J.,jt.L.What are the hazards the emj-lJ-eyeeworker will be exposed to?
;6-o1.1J_What are the contaminants and their concentration?
:~,£l_Are there any contaminants in the workplace environment that may damage or
irritate the eyes,nose,or skin?
a·K!.L__Yes - a full-face style is recommended~~
4,ill_Js the oxygen concentration in the workplace atmosphere between 19.5%to
23%?
a-.lDLYes -combination cartridges will be used if the concentration of the
contaminant is within the acceptable limits for the cartridge,;
h-iillLNo -The workplace or area may only be entered if the 02 concentration
is between 19.5 and 23%.The workplace environment will be remediated
(i.e.,ventilated)by safety engineering controls such that the oxygen
concentration falls between these limits before it may be entered~;
"'.L.......o'l~·-Do the contaminant concentrations in the work environment exceed the
limits listed for the combination cartridge being used?
H-il.il.....Yes -Modify the air contaminant concentration by safety engineering
measures,~
h-iill.L.No -combination cartridges may be used if oxygen concentration is
between 19.5%and 23%.
(-lBji·~S;j·jA"ildN!()&H·"pproved-and-a€e0j)1edLimit<jtiQps almropriate to.J1J&1Yl2!01nd 1]10dg.Q1'
m.£._9f the respirator will also be considered.When selectit.1g respiratory devices
provision will be made for vision correctiog (see Section 2.15).Jldequate cO!Ilmw1.igat\9n
(sec Section 2.14).low temperature work environments (see Section 2.16),and...lhc
concurrent_lise of other safety or radioLogieal protection c11l!ipmenl.El]lIjpmcgt will b<;
used in 511ch a way as not to interfere yvithJhe proper ()j)el:!ltion of the respirator
The_inventory.of air puriiy.illg respirators will he-tlSeC-J-O--+he-tR-veRlGFy-wt!t-·consist of full
face and PAPR units--H+K1--8GBA-s.
~Vlltl{L.M<:'-S-il"M-{-I-I------~l-i-l+j{~iH;d··qpeFa-1-~n-g--~]~:OC-BdHl:8,s----,",~;>a1B'1;:>l(Jg,R"''''';''{lnl;>U!;A-;:>
IS of2140
There is only one type of air purifying respirator cartridge used for air contaminants for
the full-face respirators.This is a red/green GME-H universal cartridge,which is
normally effective for removing all air contaminants and atmospheric hazards,and is
approved by NIOSH for use under the following conditions:
~-,.&.Organic Vapors -less than I ,000 ppm~
l:!LPesticides~
fJ Mists ofPaints,Lacquers,and Enamels~
Q.L,_Dust -less than 0.5 mg/m3j2~27(!i)eflk0nU1g,tU2S1.<lJL1L'lljiClll'lle aCfgyJIs
in,:III di11lu2i!::l'!1.s.e~l j1cr~s.QJ.s.);
4,
fJ~Fumes -less than 0.5 mg/m3~
Ql Chlorinc:'-_...__._._..._-~
The PAPR units arc not designed for areas that may come in contact with chemical mists
or high humidity.The PAPR units use an Optifilter XL Filter Assembly HE that is only
good for dusty environments.These units are ideal for the packaging enclosure,
Yellowcake Dryers,Ore Storage,and Tails.
Thc PAJ2f{2.;;I'l\PRs must have the battery fully charged prior to usage.The battery
charge on each unit will last approximately eight continuous working hours.All
maintenance and cleaning techniques utilized with the full-face respirators will be used
for the PAPR units.
\.y4lile"M€f:;H--A4~1~-·-.-..':;t1:l.+1dar{i-.()pe·I:-a+i-]lg-·l·~HK'{l-<JH1.'0&-'
RJ21LIH{)olcj4--·~~-_·__·_····....._.__._....
!2"lLU)"K:5epleIIIQ<cU1L 2QQ2
·J)"le,·j·;>·/j)g··ReN;*;on·DUSA·;>
··-·---Page 19 of}·140
;b'i,;J.
2.5.1.2 SCllA aad.Supplied AirApparatus
S~#·€HHHtifl0(l---hread+iHg---aj3j3i±fat\lT-·will only he used for evacuation or emergency
purposes.The Mill does not 1l~g.llil!]2LieeJ.!lir aPJ?aratLGe
S{lfij3+i-eB-a1J'-Jees,!,1{'Hh-ll'&::i.<::B A will he tlJ€-ilj-lPltfa{{{%-+1l~4mi€eill21mmDaIe f01:.\ISe jn
911"Igenc~LsituiJU(lQ5 whelE
.l--:FllB-·.the length ofthe work e*€L*JEbwilj.po!e*ce".Q 20 minutes,
~,..·······:Fhere-i,,-afletj-H-ll1-e-tiffiB--1B-hHOk-·HjHm!iG5·iHld..fiJteHx-tIlHh
If at any time the atmosphere contains materials that might be corrosive to the
emt)JBYL-'e~.Qrker or respiratory device,the area will be evacuated.The area must be
ventilated until the corrosive materials fall to a safe level before work may resume.
2.6 Maintaining Breathing Air Quality
The quality of air delivered to all 3CBA and supplied-air respirators shall meet the
requirements for Grade D air for breathing air systems as defined in ComprCc~se.<l....Qa~
Ass(l~LmjQnJCGAtilll.bliealion,G-7.I·~"':S:omllwclity .0J)g.<;ifiea!i911s for AiL".J997,as
eileefl_._gel.And in el\I.\Led in I{egula!Bry----Gmae.---1\~_l_5---{jHd0f--6"".-2------"A*·--0L-lHlity
RB{jtlifOB1eH{-s'C.....~ThB-AN-&1lGGA-G,7-29 CFR!21Q.J34{il(1·1-989-sJX3€ifiGs--the-€HHtffitf;
EllJillJ.lA)through {.E.L (2001L Grade D QllalilY..breathing air HSfrileriajJlfh\c1e:oxygen
f9Iltf.!lL.(volume/volume)of 19.5 to 23.5%;hydrocarbon (condensed)content of 5 mg/m]
of air or less;carbon monoxide (CO)ejmtenjof 10 ppm or less;carbon dioxide eOl]]enl of
1,000 ppm or less;and the lack of a noticeable odor.
The Mill oblains tllf_..'l.il:Jo;:its SCBA",Jcv!ces fl~2m th",Jl.l<.:al fire cl.9,lartmejlLThe Mil!
doee,.not have its 9WILlJl£ilthing air ~\JIlI2!Y.syste.'J1.....The local fire clg>art\]lenLis the oll!y
nearby faeilityJllll.Lcap refill the l.l*ygelLPottles forJtJ,,--,S.CBA......I11e 10calJ'jxe department
lli cCcl.!ifietLf9L"-.1~h activities 12.'l.tlle St.a_te of Utah Filg.liLarshalL.
2.7 Seal Tests
],i'l~ILl.g!(pirator wearer.))],lsl J]eri'cmn both thf_Positive-Pressme_.and Negative-Pre~2ure
'--".ill checks,set out below,each time a face-sealing respirator is\lsed (whicl]includes any
time a faee shield is remS2ve,1 or the seal Ls.broken.and re-donned).A nser s<.:a!check is
perfor!Ded immediiItg.l.'l.mjor to exposul:£:JO en"'I1'e thaL-the respirator is proj2erly seated
on the face.
Close off Ihe e*hali1tiolLy.alve ~!Dd exhale gentlY..into Jhe faeepie<;e.The face fil is
fSmsidered satisfilet.Ql:Y....if a slighLjJi!sitive pres,<>ure e<mbe built \llUnsid<.:the faeepiece
W·hil{~··M€-Sil-~M-H~"-~-S{-a-nd-ar(J".(Jf'le-F(H-j"Fl-g"-F+'HC£d-t-lH:\';----.--..~_...----"._-----..~-----Da-l~~-2./m5-·R€-v~-!)-H·Hl-nUSA---2,
RPp-I-Book·.J4-·-··················-····.....·-·-······-··-~······~_·_···-Page 20 ofJJ40
prafl ]2m,.Sep{e1]1Q.,L2Q,~(L0.2
without auy evidence oL9utw'lu.Ll"Qkage.ofair a(th"seal._FQ!most.l"~JJirators thl~
methoQ.Jlf leak testjng reqillJ,,-~_Jll,,-weArer JQJirst.remov".1l1."exhalation valv".'£.Qvcr
)Jefore.closing off the exhalation Yillve amUhen carej'ullYL921'JQingiL'J.!1"r the test,
~J.Qse .Q1"f the inlet 0]2"nil1g of tj",C'mistecOl:eartrid!LeLil.b.ycoYYLil1g withilie l2l11m ofjhc
hal1dw or by_@laQillg the_filttoI:scajD;1jllhaliO..R"ntly.so that tIle faQ.(;jlicce colj'Jpses
;;.!iglltlY.al1~)holcJ..the br"athJ9L tCl1_5CC\]!lds.TIl"desigrrof the inlet.QJ2Yllllg.QJ som"
"artridges eapnot be effeetjycly covere<Ly,jj.J.l..\hc p'lln]..of tll,,_hatl<.L..JllC lC.!i.t...fan.be
R£I·fon)lcd l:>Y.coverjJ}lLtJl.cjl1.let o[l':mll1g of the .carlridg(;',Yith fuml1Jatc:>(.or nJ1rile.£1.Q.\'l;"
IUl1efa<&12iece remain~in its slightLy colla[~.cd condition at,,!.no inward 19a)"Lgc of I!ki;;.
dctcct,,<1Jhc tightnc~~..QLthc rcs121I:fltor is cOl1sideLcd_~fltishl"toI:Y.,
l.LillQldd b~_11otedJhat a uscr ~"al test.is_.!10t a su)l.stitutQJ9L?fiucsLSee_;;S'.9t!.sm2.1
Q.9_QYt:for til"fit tt:~t rcquircmclll~
2..72.8 Inventory and·Control and lssmnH,e of Respiratory Protection Equipment
Mill Radiatjon Safet:L_SJQff.slli!D~.mainU!j!.L_posit!.\'l;.__contlsU...gycr.J.bc l,"~uance.Q.l·
rcsv.i,-atory protcctls]l}..Q"yl~i's.2ud.lJ.h~l:sons noL.'l.\Uhoriz,gQ.lQwear sud]dcvie"s a'-t:
effegtivelYllrcventcd u:gm obt'li!]mz.t!.1cnI"J.iJJhis cnd.thc foIlo_~_illRJ]roc(;]lurcs willJlg
folloyved:
!JL......Storage cabincts that will be used for routine respirator issuance will be located
in the respirator cleaning facility.Only persons authorizcd to use respirators
are to access the storage cabinets~.;
~.When aB-€m~ByeelL',YorkcJneeds a clcan respirator,he or she will obtain one
from the storage location where clean respirators are packaged and kept After
obtaining a clean respirator,the €lBf'Joyee.~.Sl.rker will entcr thc pertinent
information on the log sheet that is kept in the cabinet with the clean
respirators~;
Ql.__When a uscd respirator is exchanged for a clean unit,the dirty respirator will be
placed in the receptacle provided for such usc·,;
.0__f.!-tRj'l1-eyB€&All w9rkCJ:~who Imr+tneJ-y-wear a respirator for'-fflore-ffiaB-k-lB+'fJ{-)B!'S
eaeJ-J--4ay--Ol'---'Noffi---iH--a-I't.'itS---ef higher--€*fKl5fl{'€·i-lBt-€H1-i-aJ--{+.e-o,--yeJ-!ov;'€ilk£
jmwging or·pt'BBifli1-attBHj-,wiJl--Be---retjH1Hld-ffimust exchange thcir .respirators
daily~:and
_fl__f.!-tBj7k3yeosWorkers that need to be issued a PAPR unit will need to see the
RSO or his designee to be checked out au the proper usage of the unit.All
PAPR's are inventoried and only key operators or RWPRadiation Work Pcrmit
t'J(WP")individuals will be issued one ofthesc units.
W-hi-l.-{>M-L"f;-a--M-i-!,1-.------0t-aHdH-rd--(-}pe+a4~11_g~·P.f-oG{?dHre~-"'­
RP~LI-.g{)G*-j4 -----------------------------~-­
I)mfU)jllc:_!i~I1I~!llbel:2L2J1Q2
-----I)al£:I-Y+Jl.:-Revi,;oJl-D1J&A:l
--~-~Page 21 of2140
+11B"B-0IHi7l0}"€B;;-wh<J-<*HIBtUfi&-l~>;;17imH-){'!H(JUtiH€+:t-wiJ+e*eltaHg€-+h~+llB-y
b€BBJH€-ineff€e1+v-e-iH-Bj{miHating4he-hfli':(ffiIBljS--C,{JHlilHliRaB{~hi*-GBffiHl1fRilliBH-f+;
ffiilljB~'lJ'{hB-BBJi31(Jyee-hYilliysi€aJ-'HJ5jJBe1-iBH+J!CjThHC'5jJij'il1+)r,-!ry-iHIJ)fttrea-hreatlBt'lg;
(-ice,-hy-jlRt',,>giHgc&i'-Il-Bflftfitlge-)fJH+y-+hB+J€{Be1+<-ltH+f'iRi1-8fl{-fiHmkc&eHJl-lter cOHd it iBlHi
whiGh-HlaY--iHdk'U{c~a-flefe<7t+V{)-B€V+€€,
Personnel wh9 issu~Jespinltors musLcnsule 1I1£V eac!u?yxson J5succla respirafm:hasJlec,l)
medically}creell-c,d (se::ce,'iection_lIl_trailled J~ee Secjiml1Jl all(Lfil-t,,,~f,,,L(~_eeSegjl<lll
:?AJ~i\lli!lthe peri0clJ'resclj)lecL
l'€lSQns lIlay Ql)IyJ2Ussue<LJc,~jJil:m()rs_JQLwhicll the::Y!l'lYe_bcen fiI-1es1cdJiy:,jiIUne
111jllSIlIOdcLJitY!",and siz,,1
2.82.9 Storage of Respiratory Protection Equipment
_\iYhcn)llslorage IlncLll0f Ilvailill1leJ'or use,J&spiralorsillld c_Qlm?QnenU)art~_9fre~llirlllory
gw-Lc,c,llon dC-Yices ""ill he sIDS",1 in sucllJLway as JQJ)rcY€llUL<lmagc 10 ~uch cOIJll?QllenlS
QncLclc,vicc,,-,_J:!lS'JQI I0wi ng 1?l9Se::ilureulllill beIi)IIqwcc!;
!!L Respirators shall be stored in a manner sufficient to protect the device against
dust,sunlight,extreme cold,excessive moisture,or damaging chemicals,;
121_The cleaned respirators will be stored in cabinets in the respirator cleaning
facility outside the safety department.The respirators will be stored in--sing1€
layers with the facepieces and exhalation valves in a more or less normal
position to prevent the rubber or plastic from cracking,;
0 __When respirators are not being used,they mUSt be stored in the plastic bags in
which they were issued.Dirty respirators will be placed in receptacles located
in the HH-ll-€€Htt'al-€Bfl{R7Jcres)lin!t2J5101:!!1!'£room-anfi-aHfl€-maiHtBHaHBB~)"
They will be gathered from these locations for cleaning and repairs,;
+1*,-4:reqHeJK'Y-4.hat-a-dirt-y-+etrfliHltBI'fffi,,;{e-\~aHgefi-fef--a-BI€{HH)flB-wi+lfle
deffiHnined-1+y4B-UlH{)HH+-<+f-+im€-i{-*Hl;;e"I.--tlCjhe-BITlj~~&+l~ltBHhan-feBt'
lIHHt's-j36H1B-y,tflee*€haI1ge w+llj)&HlHde-dailyGGClliiienai-tISe-wj-ll-I'eCJ*lire-a-weekly
G*GhflBg&.--l+lli'eiju€Rt--tHi&-will-r8<j IIire mHRtItly-e*€hangefr.
o __The cabinets containing emergency respirators will be located in areas that are
readily accessible and in areas in which a hazard may arise.Emergency
cabinets are located on the north side of the H1fll]\!lill building outside of the
SAG Mill doors,outside the SX on the north wall,on the south end of SX on
the fire cabinet and at the fire hose station at the front gate.All
emj3le)'6B&WOL~gs should be made aware of these 10cations~;Jllld
~_The cabinets will not be locked,but they will have seals attached to the hasps.
The seals will prevent eHlj3k'lJ'€€5w<~rkcrs from using the respirators for routine
~1~;M~,~I'l!()g,R,,\y,j{-H1DUJ;A,;!
Rl'I'-!,41c,ok,14~~~",~,~,~~~~,~~~·~-~,·~--~~,~,,,,~.,~......,Page 22 of2140
l)ulliJ2"I.~:Sej}l~m))er28,2()09
use,but will allow emergency access.During emergencies,the seal will be
broken and a respirator may be selected in a matter of seconds.
2»2.HlMaintenance,Repair,Testing,and Quality Assurance of Respiratory
PI'otection Equipment
Respirators and component parts "hBJ+~ill be maintained and repaired only by persons
specifically trained to perform this work.Repairs and maintenance ;;)oBlI:-YlH be
performed in accordance with the procedures detailed below,~1)11I:L'>~usedfOl~l:Q12.n.D:L~iJI
be121Jl:c:JpSed ol1l.yJi:Ql]uJl£.mannt~lct meT 9Ltbc nnitbe!.D.gL<;RlID:f1J or fro m theirAg.<;[1Js.
Each used respirator must be disassembled before cleaning;the cartridges must be
removed and discarded and any hoses or regulators must be removed and washed
separately.Some of the units have elastic head straps;these should also be removed and
washed separately.
M iIL,staff wiI I decc2nJmninate_mIg disinfj;o.<;t resllU:'lJQ!1'...lllmJlSsQc:iiltecL"'Jl1i!m!c:DLil1
aecogIanee witJ:LJh.c;.manUfactllg~r'S ,UlsJruet!onsLJJ1I.Ying.JlartieuIar ~.ilttention lSL the
c:L",ming 01'.1anitiz ing.1.1gentS..J1~sl.and lQJh'C.max inl\I!lLt elnJ2'CXat1[1:f.J2..LjlI'C..water usc:.cLfQl.
c:l"mli!l&..to avoid.1ic:.gradation of the respirator,Cb.c;mieal.l"esidue,s shouJd_l1c2LlJ.c;
Illl"ardous..QI.irritlI)jng to the US(?L RacJiQ]QgieitLEmits for rC:.:.\lse of rccsl'irators.!1ll.C:l'thcy
hn','c be<;Julcaneg...!.ll1d.saniti~"g hm'sUlccn cstil!.Jlished J\Llhe Mill and are_set~OlLUn
;;cetion 2~I O·lJ.hclow.
For full fae':'LC:"'ijlirators.PAI?Rs and S(BAs.tb.c;respirators will be cleaned and rinsed in
a commercially available dishwasher._The radiation and safety staff will perform
cleaning and washing of respirators.The respirators will be washed and then aired dried.
J11'iJl~c:.<;)ions of all rcs121ratOi.Y dcviccs~il.L bc conductccjas set out b<clgw.Undc:r no
Cii.C:\lmstances will a dcvicc that is knO\\iIl.t.9 bc dcfcetiveJ)(~usce!,
2.JO,.,""-3'c-J_General
!3cesriraLQ1:facep,kecs thilt arc routilllli1l.vaiJabIe forj,?sue..YViIl]'c visually inspcet.ccLm
least .c:yery month orj.n..aceordanee with manufactuI:fr'S instructions.If such devices arc
sJ12tc:.d in_cicar p1l!stie bags.they should be handled and examined..but need 1.1.9t be
1.:9j110ved from Jhc bags for the)inspeetion.as lonK.fls tIle inspector can determinccthaL]l).c;
device is rcagyfor issue.
.-'-----·-~,--,,-:pa~_e_;·l2,lOg-RG-\/~f;~<+1·1--L}'(-J,S;A-..-2
----------Page 23 of;6-140
·W·h-iw-M£.!:l-a···M~~,J·------)'A~+ndanJ'()iW1Tl~~Rg"J?I:o(:'edw:e-s­
R!'f2-I-I"'Hk-+4-·-~-··-·------.-----.---.-.--
J;Ji:",fUll11e:SepJ..~!l1bCll,Q.,;ZD.Q2
Ecmipwenl used in 90njJdII<;.tion witlL fa~9pieee_resl?lEl!OrS (e.g~_bdl-_Dr facc.m_",ce.::
mounled air_'@!.Jl.!9!.Q.L~~_air-sJ..lJ2l?ly_holig~)Oltabl~distribution Ill,!nifolds~viILh",
inventor~<;.(1 and_Jltnctionally test9,Ll2.~DgdicallY.m:m:ior to use,
Re0.ili:'_,!l]Q..ITj)Iacgm",nt par.L?_Jg.r resj)ira1QD!...Pl:0lecli0IuI~'{ifcs wjJJJ2~jD.\I9D!.9riccL<l.ml
in?j)~~t"d pcriodica~:h~.Roal is to cn§m:~th!!l.thcr9 arc sufficienIJ\_l)1Clional parIs
!!vai lab Ie 19_--,~illlportJII~_respinltgLY__l?l91cCliQ.1LjJrOgljlnl w.h~D.JL1LQPcratil]jL!!LJilU
capacitJ--,
DC.\i.iccs in storage will be in§ill'-Cle<1--9uarlcrl~LJllldJ2,lQCQJ.h",Yare Illadc 9_\'.<liJJ!l1Ic_Jor
iSS1L9,_Bguipmcnl.JiJ.orcd fQ.L periods of a year of1l1Ore__lYiJUJe rC-()CatICcljlnnuallv_JD
.9!ls\ll.'"-thal thcy_arc ilLKQ.pd__condilion in_fJ~",JhcVat:'".ne~lccLl}l)eXpcfl",cjly:
Each reassembled respirator must be inspected for radiation contamination before it is
used.An instrument surveyor a swipe test may be conducted to determine if any item is
contaminated.The equipment check must indicate levels of less than 100 dpmllOO cm2
of alpha radiation or 1,000 dpm/lOO cm2 of beta-gamma radiation to be serviceable.If
repeated washings do not decrease contamination to acceptable levels,that item must be
disposed of.
R-esj7jHllf)f5-sh-a-I+--8e--iRsj7e€teEl--iH-ac,€{-lHjatK-'&-W-ilk-NRG--Regu-klt{*y--GujEle-8A~'l,-fk>v-iffim
hGetel3BlY-C)-9-l,\--Fre?iJJyc:]eanc,LancL}nWi'cted.Ji'?I:W:<L!mS WliU1C .mac",_cUn Illasti'".llli..,g,'i
'!II,l sealed (seCci;iect iOI.L:2_JQ.3.I)._JJ)),.im!i.\licl'l')lo\xJ)P...~.<';lyi££~LJl\,<,;..n'!':'njn)mJ':'.lJ.n.lL\YI11.\'
!ll£SI.ll.lCc ()l1.£ol\1.:ll.J1il!Li11!'-Lini!inJ lLtQjIl\LL£)\l£JlJ£_)'(.!].d\J)\\~h££uQom.\£.Illql!£Xly"
The following conditions should be checked during any type of inspection:
llO.3.2 Air Purifying Respirators
Routinely used air purifying respirators !.fl!LL1!1£e respirators and PAPI~should be
checked as follows before and after each use.
h!!LExamine the facepiece for:
1-0&_Excessive dirt~
2,,@__Cracks,tears,holes,or distortion from improper storage~
,HliiLInflexibility (stretch and massage to restore flexibilitY-ll;
4cfuLCracked or badly scratched lenses in full facepieces;
.!H..YL_Incorrectly mounted full facepiece lens or broken,or missing mounting
clips:and
<'r.iYjLCracked or broken air purifying element holder(s),badly worked threads,
or missing gasket(s),if required~
IhhLExamine the head straps or head harness for:
-h{iL-Breaks~
2,,~Loss of elasticity;
3,(iii)_Broken or malfunctioning buckles and attachments;.JI!ld
\,Vh11e·-M€-s-a-Mi·H-··-·-S{n'H{J-a-F{I-(:')j3-t~Fa-I,j'11-g--I2rGG-edufe,s·-.,·-----na{{l:T--l--2-10g--Re-v{.S{{-)B-Pl~JS-A··-2-
l{FJ'J g(IOk-++·--·_-·-·-·-.-.--....-.""'._-.'-"...-....--~-...................._~.-_..-.--......·-I'ai~e 24 0[;2)40
l)!,lnJ!ill~;Se12te111bei~jL~(l()2
4,·fuLFull facepieces only -excessively worn serrations on the head harness
which might permit slippage;
~9.L.Examine the exhalation valve for the following after removing its cover:
-1,f.iL.....Foreign material such as detergent residue,dust particles,or human hair
under the valve seat
2·{iiL_Cracks,tears,or distortion in the valve material;
~HiiiLJmproper insertion of the valve body in the facepiece~
th{i.vLCracks,breaks,or chips in the valve body,particularly in the sealing
surface~
~{:Y.L_Missing or defective valve cover;,and
6t0_l_Improper installation of the valve in the valve body;
P".<lLExamine the air purifying elements for:
.J-ofiL__Incorrect installation,loose connections,missing or warn gaskets,or
cross-threading in holder~and
:&.iliLCracks or dents in outside case offilter,cartridge,or canister~
jJ"",Llf the device has a corrugated breathing tube,examine it for:
l,f.iL.....Broken or missing end connectors~
2c{ill__.Missing or loose hose clamps;and
;Hi.iD_Deterioration (determined by stretching the tube and looking for cracks))~
hfl.....Examine the harness of a front or back mounted gas mask for:
.J-oiil..--._Damage or wear to the canister holder which may prevent its being held
securely in place;an.<l
2,@,,__Broken harness straps or fastenings~Jm.<l
G"gLBlower mechanism on the PAPR units only:
.J-of.iL.....Damage to the outer casing of the blower unit will result in the
replacement of the blower,~.and
2,@_Missingorbrokenpinsthatconnecttheblowerto the battery pack will
result in replacing of damaged pieces.
2.1IJ.3.3 _",,_Supplied Air Respirators
The following shall be checked:
AQLIf the device has a tight fitting facepiece,use the procedures outlined above for
air purifying respirators";..;Q1d
Ql_._.g.~--Examine the air supply for:
W-Ji~+-e,-"*'4*-'M\·.J\4~i-I--------&I-a-J-l{-j-ar4--{.)pe-Fi+j-~-ng.--}?.!{:We{j-UFf'S-.-----l,)fl4{'·;·J-2!Og-"Revjs~{)11-DU.s)\---:J
jWF--J-H+lonc"j4 """""""""""""""""."."".-"----"""""""""".".."""."------""-""""""""""""""""."."."".""."""."."---"--"-"".""""""."---Pal~e 25 of :H40
piafLL~ll£:""""~'pICn.r12cL2\L;'()lJ2
"H.D__Integrity and good condition of air supply lines and hoses including
attachments and end fittings;aBel
;HiLL_Correct operation and condition of all regulators,valves,or other air flow
regulators,.
·W~-11{£-M:esa·-M~il------St-and-Hrd-(:'-)pe-I-:-(l+iwb--12rOGe-dt-J1,£':!)---­
RPILJ~j{"Hh~A~~~~~~~-~~~-~~~~~~~~~--~~-.-.~~~~~~~~-­
I)ljlfl Dar,,:Se12\~m!JSLf~iLf()Q2
~~-~~~.~~~~~~~~~~J);He,-IJI{lg~R0vi,j(H1~J){~SA~2
~~~~~-~~~~Page 26 of2140
&97&---
A viswll insp~,,-(;tion of IheSrJ3As shall bepcrf.Q[mceLmonthJy.and aJ!1.Q1oufij,
£Ji.mninaU.Qll shall bc pcrform~!LJIY.QgrJ.h\cctimcSJ2IT1~nL Scc Scctjon2JO,3~5below,
L3J:£)l thIng air cy]indcrsolns;!\\ding SCBtLcylind~:h1ll)Jst J)C\~stceLil~J)rcs9j.Q£)LjnJh£
ShIpping Containcr ,'inccificalilm RC!2,lllm!lll15.illllJc Dcparlmcl11 of TraD!iportatj'lp (49
CFRJ73 ancLLIiU,Each brcathillg,.'liL~y]illdcrlYillbc pCl'l)\ancntlYJdnd legLl?lyllWr!ccd
"Brcathigg,1'\Ir"or "Col11prcss-,,[L6ir''.o
l{cspiratorj:i]tcl,'L<:l)lJ bc rc-nsceLllY-the sanl£.J291~JJl1 on .t!IC ~~s~m11e daY-IYi1hoIlLb£ing rCe
tcstcd,as IOllLU1~.contaminatj-2Il.srm.tIO]is JldcCJuatc and the filtcrs do nQLilPIJcarlQ_b£
[Lllll'lgceLJ2jH~['i.lQ be r~u'&[L1\Jlj)Jg the~anl"-llilY shQJJ!Ql1QI hav(;.mlY..ill2l2ilIr;nt d~lJllag",
;))le]shon]lLm~et thc Mill's critcrLil_Jor residuajcontamimltLon.set out in Se~etion 2~(L1L
EjlteL<;~""jll bc discaI~dcdaft",L(;lLchdatLus~,
L~~lJirators-"12(;~(;jtica]lj,,[]9~IgnatccLIS2L9nerg~l}9'_me jlrc j',jsu~lll.Y InsP9ct(;,rLQ!l(;\""jJcr
m911t h,alld~~removcrLfI:QULf)))Y.JJ1'0t(;cliy".£:onlnin9:mltlJ.hOrQIlgl)ly,ex alninCQJ2"-Ji()[1 ical]y
C!',W_l<Jc3 times perYQmJ,--Sl)fllIIl9nthlY.illitJ.jJcrigQic i11 SIlQel igln.ivIII be.L~corelQrL
2,1 OA,,Quality Assurance
To prevent the use of faulty or defective respiratory equipment,the following steps will
be taken:
All new equipment will be thoroughly inspected before it is put into service,Jii,QQl1ect!91I
2,IOJ.1,bQvc).Only MSHNNIOSH approved equipment will be useddscc S"-cjjon,,L=2
abQyQ1 Parts used for repairs will be purchased only from the manufacturer of the unit
being repaired or their agents,(sce Sect~()))2.1O.lilll\l\,cl
2,]O.4.2.J-3-0----Cleaning and Repairs
All respiratory devices will be inspccted before and after cleaning and before and after
repairs are made.The inspection procedures that are to be used are listed above under
Seetion 2.9~"J-10,3,
Any replacement items that will be used for repairs will be inspected prior to assembly.
2,]0,4,3 ~__G~-,-PeriodicChecks ofItems in Storage
--JcliH,,,J'2!lJ8-JIevisi'mDU,';-A-2
.---~...---···-Page 27 of 2J40
W~'l-t~~Me-sit-M·i-I-I------,s,;-l:rtHdiH{J--C-':')j~01:;-H~'llg--PH)G0d-U-l:0S----~-·---~
R(2jL.I·-J-k)Hk-j4--~-·--··--.---------~---
!!nill}JaI~;1i,l)!,!llbeI 28"21m2
At lB{t;,'Bleast once during each quarter,all of the respirators that are in storage will be
checked for serviceability and to make sure that they will be ready for immediate use.
See Sectil)n 2.1Q.3L
lithe l:Qillirgtor equil2!penj manufaetur~r spceifi~~Jl.shelfjii9 or servLeeIife limijD!LQne
QLJnore ,,-QXW10nelll s oj',L[~iratQl:YJ)l'(?!.~cti1l!L,mg,DJJII e l\1ilL\YilLcoml2!:LwithJJJ~
.I:.Qeol11mendatilills of th~manufaclllI~L Th_G will en,"llreJlral th~device continues to
Qpelj\!.'-.]JwllcrlY.1JmL that th~"Iik~:ne!v coq~jjjion"ismaintai!led'\s.£e S~CtillIJ).5 al).'20'.£1,
2..W2.H Recordkeeping
Inspe{~jHnsR~cords of all resjliraHH'j'-fkwiee,remured __jlctiyj\ies i!L.jhLs.-l2H2,'Z.lllm will be
ctH-l{4*:!{--,-ted-···i-n--at{;ol'd-a-H€B--W~~·I-l--.jll<:L-pro-v-t-£-fHH+;---€Hn~'a-tH{;\BJ~_QJ21in NR.<,;--R·e-g-.--QHtde--8·..-J5---a-R<..;f.-s-eBi-tHn,·-L·Al.,...1
ah{+v-e,~al'ld··--HH(4-er-"-I-lG---.-z~r0Hn-1S{a-l'lB€-s-·-shR4~--a (k·v-k~m~Dn cr that ~-S-·-k-HHwH-4{-3--··bB--shQ ws_i::On1121iance;
""iJhJl1c reqIIirm\~llts 0f the_\l!2illig'lIJ IeLgKlj)atiOI!L__SpeciflfaI!YL tIl c fglLo_\yffigl'fcC01\b
'!'!i IIJJ~1£J21~
lJL_.j\log she9.Lfor d,mWged [ill!1.defective ()('-Hoed.rC~J2ilator~.jJI1QJlle __gi!ipos'!LgJ'
!i\lgIL~IQY icCji;
Freshly cleaned and inspected respirators will be placed in plastic bags and sealed,
;r+lg"i+l{lj¥ifkt<'lJ-A,v.iHHf@'"¥¥0t#l-tl,g4'@#1'ljj'attjl'=0ha1+wj~1€,+l¥j'0&I,"H7jH~#elJ¥#t"0ltlj+"iuj1ijti,il'*J
,il",#g;j{,g4JJ"o,Wtwl"llii#,10geINlf0tl'7l'{))'01,I"I"
~Re'j,iralel",'",ed-kll'emC"'geH0Y'{{S€-amjsee SecJigu 2.1 Q.3.L aboveLJ'he irrQ!'.IjdlH\1
oylWS!~llU eel and inspected,aml the iHope{4i<"A'l'€{~JHk'(JT{llK"Bi)BF-m{-mlhreslliratQL\Yill
writc_Jhe dat~--"n ..£\lglLhag fWd initiaU\to ilrQicaje thc ..ovork has bcen_gone
Pl"Q12gjy·
2.112.12
Use
Limitations Oil Periods of Respirator Use and Relief from Respirator
As noted above under Section 1.;\_L fhe NRC has noted that the use of respiratory
protection devices in fhe workplace can impose physiological and psychological stresses
on workers,obstruct their vision,hinder their movements,and make effective
communications difficult.In consideration of this,a respirator wearer &!luHwilj be
permitted to leave the work area for any respirator-related cause.Reasons,which may
cause a respirator wearer to leave a work area,include,but are not limited to,the
following:
·······Dah'C ·1·.JI4I&-Rc'vi,ion·PUSA·:2
......-......._----l'age 28 0[;2140
!lL...J--.-.failure of the respirator to provide adequate protection,;
f:L_+.---Detection of leakage of air contaminant into the respirator,;
91..__47--·Increased resistance to breathing,.;
o;,.t::L.Severe discomfort in wearing thc respirator,;
6D_Jllness of the wearer including:sensation of dizziness,nausea,weakness,
fatigue,breathing difficulty,coughing,sneezing,vomiting,fever,or chills,;and
:l-.&.(;]iltlstrol'l1*aC!il,151L91'.hQbia,anxiety,or other psychological factors that may
affect the wearer.
2,13 ;1,;(.;6--·Monitoring,Including Air Sampling and Bioassays
~,13 .12,l2d-Evaluation of Respiratory Hazards
Before a respiratory protective device is used,the work area must be evaluated as to the
type of hazards that may be encountered.The type of respiratory protection may be
selected only after the hazard has been classified.
Most areas of the millMlll have been evaluated for hazards during routine work
assignments.Signs will be posted in the different areas that will indicate the type of
respiratory device to be used under normal conditions.
Equipment needed:
"&..Oxygen and Combustible Gas Detector;
"hL_MSA Orion or equivalent;
"'s;LMSA Samplair Pump Kit (or similar)with the following detector tubes:
iiL__Carbon Dioxide;
iliL_Carbon Monoxide;
LiiiL.-Sulfur Dioxide;
llil.._Ammonia;
{YJ_Hydrogen Sulfide;
{vi)Nitrous Oxide;
(vii)Halogen Gases (Chlorine)};
(viii)Acid fumes and mists-.;and
(ix)Organic vapors;and
.-..~-------,-,,--'"--J)ak-;------J·-2·/0g.i~{_';_V~_siH_H-l_)lJS_A--_2
1"PJ21~-lJ1){Jk··j·4----~~.~.~_~~~~~.~~~-~.__.-~~~.~~-~-_......~~~-~-_~~.--~···-·-Pa!le 29 of 2-140
12rQtt121!Jg~,SQ121eIIIbcr2JL.2Q0..2
!lL....P_9~ctor tubes for IIE.and atlY..Q\!!9r potentiillgas.a::;.det.91]ninedjrril19j{SO.
Many environmental designs were incorporated into the mijj2!iMjlf"construction to keep
exposures to most hazards at a minimum.This environmental equipment is checked
frequently to ensure that it is functioning properly.
To ensure the reliability of these controls,monthly gross alpha and radon daughters
samples will be collected at numerous locations throughout the tnithMilL Routine
samples will also be collected in the vanadium precipitation and packaging areas and
analyzed for airborne vanadium.
The routine samples have already identified some areas that require respirator use at all
times during normal working conditions.These areas are inside the yellowcake dryer and
packaging enclosures and the vanadium dryer area and the packaging area.Other areas
that may require respirator use may include,but would not be limited to,the sample
bucking room,and the SAG mill.
Respirators need not be worn routinely during normal working conditions in other areas
ofthemtlhMiJL At these locations,usage will be determined by the hazard level or at the
eHljWJyeec;;',Vol},er's request.Occasionally,a condition may exist that the environmental
controls cannot handle.At that time,the appropriate respirator must be used until the
workplace atmosphere is returned to normal.
Infrequently,maintenance work will have to be performed in areas that are not normally
sampled or areas that may have questionable air quality.Prior to anyone entering one of
these areas,the environment must be evaluated to determine what hazards exist.
A Safe Work Permit is issued for all work tasks that are anticipated to present
unidentified or unusual hazardous environmental conditions.A Radiation Work Permit
(IS W1'2 is issued for work in unassessed areas or for nonrecurring tasks for which
engineering controls are not in place or practical.The &&fety-...JellitF1HlefltRadiatj,91LSa@'
Department will be responsible for the evaluation of the areas before work begins.
When the oxygen concentration is listed as potentially hazardous,a portable detector will
be used to determine the exact oxygen-air mixture.NIOSH defmes that air which
contains less than 19.5%O2 is an oxygen·deficient atmosphere,and attempting to breathe
such air is considered to present a hazard that would be immediately dangerous to life
and health.Any area having less than 19.5%O2 will not be entered until or unless the 02
concentration returns to and is maintained at a level above 19.5%.If an area is identified
as having an oxygen-deficient atmosphere,the oxygen levels must be remedied by
engineering controls prior to entry by personnel.The use of a SeBA will only be for
emergency escape or emergency response purposes.
Other atmospheric hazards will be identified and quantified by using air sampling
equipment,such as the MSA Samplair Pump (or similar device)with detector tubes for
the specific contaminant in question.The instructions must bc carefully read for every
test,as each type of detector tube is handled differently.
W--lli{B-.M{'-s{\--M-j-I{--..-",Stt-H1dard--qf1e+a--l~ng···P-H-:H:~edH-rGS---~-,.....-----,,-1)a--l-e.;-··!..;1/~-}-g.·i{€_-v-i-s-ion·D-U-SA·-2
RI'j:LJ.-ll{x)k~14----------·-----~------------~-----·--~-------Page 30 of;Q40
!2t:illi Date:.SJ1lte111!lgLIIJ,lQl19
After exposure to the atmosphere,the tubes will indicate the presence and concentration
of the chemical for which that tube is designed.Chemical cartridges are good only in
atmospheres in which the chemical concentration is less than the limit set by the
manufacturer and the oxygen concentration is equal to or greater than 19.5%.As noted
above,the compHWjMill~policy islQ!:.~QlJer;;not to enter an area in which the O2 level
is below 19.5%,but to enter such areas only in emergency situations,such as to retrieve
an injured worker,and then with the use of a SCBA.
There are many other hazards that are very obvious but are often overlooked.The
following are examples:
•dust concentrations have an adverse affect on breathing and/or the comfort of the
individual;pnd
•some substances may cause irritation to the eyes,nose,throat,etc.,but may not be
chemically toxic.
These and other such conditions should always be considered in evaluating respiratory
hazards.If there is any doubt about the conditions within the work area,a respiratory
device should be used.Always be conservative.
Breathing zone samples are collected to determine the air contamination concentration an
individual may be exposed to during the execution of his job.The respiratory protection
factor is used to calculate the individual's exposure during the work task duration.The
application of a respiratory protection factor assigned to the particular respiratory device
is used to reduce an individual's exposure to an air contaminant concentration as
determined by breathing zone sampling.Routine breathing zone samples are collected by
the nse of a small belt-mounted pnmp attached to a hose that is,in turn,attached to the
person's clothing close to the head (or breathing zone).The sample is collected for a
period of time that would be representative of one eight hour workday.They are
collected in such a manner that the material collected will be representative of that being
inhaled by the individual wearing the sampler..Sc,,-.ScctiOlLJ.J2.of thc Mill's Radiation
E'rotcction Mam11IU<:)l'the dcti!ilc,'!J2!9.£cD.ures lQJ?9J()llowed fOLlJreathing zonc S!).l??plcS"
2..13.3 -2A·h~-Bioassay Program
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the respiratory protection program will be
accomplished by air sampling (described above in 2.H~1·13.2)and by the Mill Bioassay
Program.
Those e&lj"J.By"€€&workers who are working in areas that require the use of respirators will
submit a urine specimen for analysis on a biweekly basis.f'illlj3±Byee&Workers who use
respirators during maintenance may also be required to snbmit specimens after
maintenance ceases.The samples will be collected from individuals who have performed
maintenance tasks in atmospheres that are significantly elevated in contaminant
concentration or they are working in snch an area for an extended period of time.
....Dalec-l;:JjOg.g,>visiml·J·)U;;A-:1
RPp·-J··g'X0*·14 ---.-..~._"'~.'"....-..-.. .··············PallC 31 of:1-!40
I?"'Jll~'!I~,S,121~lllber 28..2009
The specimens will be analyzed for uranium content.
See ScctiQLLl,4 ofjhc MiUj;Radimion.J'wtegtiOll.ManualjQr the S!<;tailecIJlro9'.ciLll.e~J9
ll<;JollQ'!"ed for 12io<llisaY.Sc
2.14 Communication
R~j)irat0l:y.J?ro \2ct iolLdevigg,~JinU.uh,yvcarC1::.'Lg!2iIit.yJ,L£(Jn1111 Ulli catcc IiQ_wc','-".LJ!1l
rcslJirator uscrs must be able to communieatc well cnough to bc able to work safel\!and__.t.:::-.'::.__,•__._,••~...__••_.___~_._~•__~_~~,•••...L_~
to kg.912.radiatiorlJlo~"5.ALARA._JJle RSO "",ill usc.Jl.isjudgmcnt jl1dclermil1ing..h9.'0'
Ull0.C_.lli.mI5_ean .12Q~tJ2.g.satisfied,.JnJIlll!2Y.,'i)tuati Qns,.llQgml!lte c()mIIIUll ieatis!n.91mJJg
111aint<.l in'slJ!..v.D:llining th-".E!liJirator _"",eaIQI''LJQ_8JQllk slowIymlQ c!istinq[Y,._ln..QI12Ql'
sit ualj.QL!"-L_g~JJgeiaII y where a1l1.b ieL!LDo i~gJevel s..m'e higILQL_\yhere'i'.8Jirator_,.vcm:9.:S
must ,"W]111Q!lieateaerQss Jsmg di staD.ITdi,.voiQe,.ll'l1jJ1ifieat iol1 J.!cviccU)I:othcr .lYIJes_()J
liYslS'!D~D]jght havcJ.l1 be QmJJJQY.QQ,
lLy.ojcs·am!JE[j,.'ll iorUJSc\i.iccs.ar:e_attllcl1cclJQJllc rcspiralQLQL.rcquir,a mocljJjca\ion of
!he...I:Qspira t()L.tbe1.111u;;Lbe JistCl'L.Q!Lth 9_marull.ll<;!llrcr's_sehQQldc Q.L.lll2proy.9S!
'i.llhasscmhi icl....'IIliLcnsUl'CS thaLt.\Jc NJQ~LL.illljJ.IQY.llLfor_th~d e:0sc rcnlain sjnl<Jrcg
with thg.1J.l'Ldition qLJiLc eommlmiqatil')ilS l"!llii,p.mcnL,
AnCI~marl(et .gqmm unieatiO!1.Ll'lq','icCo suIl])liccL12Y.JLSO nIpany .(JjheUlJa1LJhg rcs pirator
lpanufacturer nlll@ used as 10!1.gaul,QLc)Q..ll9Ulhcr thc form,fit.orJU11QtiolLQLthg
respirator.IIllY_such afJgLmm:kct dcvicc t.!JaUlUadlcs to_QU:QQuircs_penc.tratiOlLoJJ!J£
rC81iratoryjllj",J eovcringjs li15£.11.1o vQiclJ[Jc NIDSjl approvaUor thc dcviccc.
2.15 VisiOil
,somcJYP~s of..Ig~EiratQl.2---prCvcnt thc...YVs.m:er .from usitH\~andarcl sl2eetad"''--9Li'[Om
)lsimUh.gmJ1rol?i'!lL.Ih.Q.9JJIj2icces_of standarclcwcclades.jlass throUg]l thc s.gllLm:qa of
i'ull'L~19SpicccrCjpiratl1l'~arLl'l arc lhcr9forc pot allowcd,.!1.(Jwcvcr,rC~12iratOl'_osCJ:U11ust
bc .ill,!cJo se,_Y"cll c1illlrg!1 to 12.e_l1bIQJo work safq.lv_anil!9.kecp ra(li~lljSJl1 dQ.s.esALi\RA,
Th.9JSSO will.J1sc.Jl.is.illl'fgmcnt in d,.tqrminiruL!lOw thcs9.goals ean bco.t be mcL
Mgst manufaetl[1:Q[5 of fulllJlcc.nigec rC5pirlltors .9ff9T a spcctacle.ad"-lltcr IsiL.J:'l922::
.rnanufacturct:,sQJJpliec!aclaptersn~c lJ,ccpl'lblc_jf tl1QY..ihLJ10t intcrferc with tlrq
faecpiecc sC1LLand if thcv do n.l1l eausc._a.QY dislortign of visioll.•damagc (1)9.lens qL!.hq
facQ::JJiecc.QI'causc any harmto tllc w£.<lrcr during usc,_.Jil'lmc·madc adillJtcI,?..ilt'e -']ill
llcecpta12l"not is it acccptah19 to ,'iimWYJ.illlc thc ,'ijlcetadcs itl'iidc tile faccpicce,
2.16 Use of Respirators in Low Temperatnres
Thc liSO sllo.old rccognize t119---l2l'ltcntiaL problems assoeiated_with rcsnit'ator use in
subfrcezillg.i'nviroDD1Cnts.Lliscusscd bclo':Yo..and takc spccial carc whcn.l~lirators llrc
JJscd ilL<;.ubfrcczing tempcra.turcs,
Lcns Fogging
Dale,~~;>mg~Rev;,i{}nDl~,';A~2
j{!'l"~l H(,()j,,~+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.~.----~~~~.~~~-~~~~..~~,..,~.~~~-~~-,"""~"""~~""~'-~-~~·-Yal(e32 of:2140
.Dl'IIlDjilL~-,")le m)lg:1.~L.:2D09
foggi!]g~of the i!2sid"Jlf the If!iPimtQL kIlL!;;'COmIl)Dnly CXllf'Jji'Dfed in full fg~~epiec,-,
I9,5J2irators.The foggiug is caus",gl;>ylhr~f.Ql1dens.iltioll0f theJ110isture iu exIgIi'd brealh
thai come,-~i!lsliIect contacLw!tlU)lC ig,Lde2f:Jhe lens.M02U"nllli1f£1lie"'9..J:f,'iPinItor,s
have ~liLi!lI"'LQuctU!osi.ti9ne~1to direClJhe inIwlc~L.illLacros,thiCin;;.iilc gLlh,,).9l1S lL2lt
euters Ihe facepiece.This clears off the accumulated condensalion,bUI the lens fo'(s-_.._-'_'"-"""'_".._-_._--_._.._-_..._-_.,-._--_._------_.~._--_.~.._..._--_........:_-'"~~
again dllrin2-exhalatio1],~,Jhe eQol",r the ambi9nl -'Ii):temjleratnxe.Jhe le~cffu~tiy_e 111f
1"'112.JJemillli-l!roviSIQJLsJurinl:Lin1}AlLltio1LbL tenlj2',rature5-beJ.Q:'Y freezing,1",11".Ii'osting
fi.llL.oceur_lhat_Y-dll noU),,-l"CJ1}QvecLiJuril}g_inhalmjDn~-'l1l1.11HY_eventmIll y serimlsly
ob,eure the~IY_Q;!rer.:Lyjsion"~~1&DLjilggUL!Z.an~LJl:osting,_thercfore,~._<;.~npresegL,l
significant.:;g]'cty hazardjJy restl!.<;i!ngJhe WCaI:",LL abilily~JQ.scc_cl",ill:J:ijIl~Jhc_\\Iork
pIace~~~12.o m,"__possibIc.091\l.!imlS_JQ.ID!"_foggjng_"l!211~JU"iIin '''-J2£0bIcrnLJbaL_",gl1_Dr
.l'11lPIQYi'cQ)).YJIl eJl~Qjnll is disCL",liQ1Lgl,,~
]\1ost fuIlJac!']D!"ce ma!2Q[aetlllerS provi~j",an 0llWJ.llal conlllQl}<;nt called !lllOse cUjL)ti2
ffilac1)ed lQJ.he iuside of the facepiei~jllsuell-,L",'ayIh;\LLL<jirect.'U!:l.<;...;;t£<;am QL",1JIUlcei
!\irJIircctlyjnto the e"haMi,2n vnlYi,_minimiz.!ngllc gITI52hll1L9.[)llOisLuir conVl\1ingJhc
interior5ILtJle len!'o
MQ'i.Lfu II~f!lCej)jecem,IDufgctQfcrU?IlJvi eI"mL'lnli·1'0i'eJIlCllcri aLIhutJiB1itsjQgging-YYLt<;!l
m:lJ)li"d I..<.ulle inlc1:ior of thc reSjDIIltodl:ns.
Thin pl!!.5t.ic ins,,!:ls that arlC.illmliecLto thcjllsicje of thc fa(~c;Pkge lens to form a doubkc
pane~i)lsuiatillg~barricr mav cffe(;tivglyX<.lj\lCe fQgging,
BcfQle u'i.i!}g comnler",i!.!l.JlmUilgging.produe~Lthat_arLllQLiiill?plicdJ)y Ihe r!"il)irm,m
manufacturer),the RSO should check with the respiralor manufacturer renardino the____._~._."..._._....~...~,.._..~"._......"...".._._.._~.......__=__.b~~,.~
-",Qmpatil)~Wtyof t!Ics<U)HI<.I!Il:L'i.wilh(1)f!r fac:gD"'C:,S,
NI01il:Lxequires that L\\ieJPieces IlseQ~.yvith_~S~<;;J36Jle .Q9,sj,gnglJQJ?r,-,vcnt~m.JQgging.
T1}i,rneans thai,in QIQI~X to m~illntainJ!Ie.l'J10SH CCllification of tll.l'cdevicc;,.J!J!Q;;'''idlJ.lQL
0ilm~ot!Icl:J)lethocLJnust beused_\yLt~ngmighl be a problclll,
W-hi-!e·-cl\4-ecSa-.-M~,J~,~·---·~ta+J{!ard--(--jfl€-Hl+jH-g·--Pl'OB€{JH-reS·"-,,.------,,-~-----
Rj212-i--gook'-I~------------------------------
Dr"IiJ1jrlg;Sepler1JlJ_~L2~,2Q{!2
--)-1;[10-'-1-2mgIkYi,ioH-J-1V"A-2
---------Page 33 of 2~40
AnoU1Cr p.otell!li\L]Jrot!leJ!L",heD using alW.JYllf_Qij}lee-seatin2crespirat01:jn subfreezjug
!9lJ!11eraturyj_is the possibili!.Y thaI th.Q..QJ(]wlation_valve eoul,1 frecz~!Llhe_vaL\'9.L!yeze~
!i!llD_,.-S:)(]pled air will J2ro.Sxh~)J!sted througb.the f.i]ye-jo-faeepiee",.seal arei1Jlnd tJIl'
resllinlicQL \\I_eJ){er "!Hl be av,'m:e QfJ12Ll1l'l!lrtl1ctjon-_l!lJJlis cr!se.JhL{espiraI0l:""'0'iJ)
!Jl:Q[labIY.J2{Ovidc<l,Ll'Quale pn2!Y91io!l1l5 the _",!,_arer exlL~the,-\'Ior!une~!.
llJ12e valvc freezcs in th",gpen positi011 or if iceJorms on a portiOlLQf tbe exI2~11.i]tiOll
,!alvQ_~"QLiU2ill1l.is crQ<l1.r:1 for contmninatlxl ~llllbicl){aiLto cl1.!cr tbc respiratQIY inlet
eovcljIL!!,...lf tbe devi<&jn usc were ill'APR..QLil continll.ous-flg.\Y.511J)jllied,jllLLespira.!QL
l.tj,,-IjJ~ly tbaL the r,,5pirator wearQLv,'oulr!Bl2Lbe aware oijJ)g m~tlfunetionLi]l1hough the
.iIl1"Dlal,JOS.r:..fQll5."QtIenccsgf tb_i?tYl2!'_O f filii urc wo]JI_,Lllli!hab!Y..b!'111l11Lcd.
]f thc devicc inIJ5e weI'"a prl'ssurc-dema!ld sUlmliQ,I-air devic"(c.g~air Jil2C-SllI2l21ie,Lor
SCBA)Liti.:L!ikei yJhat_tllQ_IroJUli rat Ol_\'Iroarer wo ul d 1~"Qgll_i?&Jh<lULmal func!lQl1.Jlad
occUlTed.5.!n"c aiLwould lC<l!<out of1!2"JacllJie<;ro thrQllglLLbe exlwlalign vil!Y_'-'.....l3ven
th()ugIUlt,,--_wearer would_yQ!ltinu,,_JlLQ""adelluaLro----12!iJtected,llC_,2u)le sbould e"it th"
worIUlr<;QJl11mediat<;!y','iiflce a r,,;;piLil1!lIJllal!:llllYJion h!1;;__Q<;cu!TecL1Lthe deyicejIJ usc i.~
.a Si;Bf\"the duration ofthe air5.tlP12Iy.wWJle Teduc.~1J2"eat\SC-'2IJll"-loss.of!1],,__.athil)g
g!!5.ll~oJl]Jh<;--,\!l!mL'LS'y!!I]deL
1LtLl~dcvice in u;;.<;.is Ope1iliccd il]_the negij)jye pres;;Ul'e ItWdc,.it is unli~_,,!Y_Jh~\LJhe
reslljra!or...."!c.arcLIYOuld be aWaIy_()f the.JIHllfnncti0l1__J]2Y----'!lLl1TemhcdJiy_Jhe Wl'ill:9[
W()!I!L'lL!ea>;LlIUill'L b,,__lJllfilt~reil am[Jiellt air __-"ntering ..!h"-L"wiratoryJll!.et eO\iering
Ihmugh the ope!1_~xhalali,m"yal\l""dUl'ing thenegative-pressurc (inhalation)portion ofJJl.<;
hreathing cycle.
dW.1_]ROCEDURES FOR MEDICAL EVALUATIONS AND AUDITS
3-.+--.-----.-~
:U Performing and Documenting the Required Medical Evaluation
Medical qualification will be required of each emj*HyeeworkeT that might be using a
respirator in tBeifhis ()_L_her normal work duties,_This is necessary to evaluate the
individual's limitations to wearing respirator devices.
Th,,_medical evaluation will be performed by a liecnsed physician,selccted by the RSO.
to determine that the individual user is medically fit to usc the respiratory protection
equipment.Mecl-iffiJ-evalHfl+i-ooThe.RSCL wil)ehqose ul!!ysieian with an appropriate
;;J2~<;ialty (e.g..in!gnal medieine,_induslrialmedieine,JamilY.Jlril.t;.tiec),and the physician
will be f1effel'ffied-prtHfIicensed to the initial fittiRg--Hf-a--f0&pit-al-fJl'-HfiB-aBil-e-i1-heHW-eFy·-l-2
IBBlltlts--lJlerea±tef-H1'-i*00d-i-eaJ-ly--aHl-frefjHeHey--tHpraetice medicin<;in tll,United States.
\V-h~+e--MBs-a·M,j·n-------~,~{-aHd-iwd"(:Ji'l€+a-H+lg:-PrOHl{:JH{'e-s ---
Rj212~~-H"H"c~A-~~-~--~~~~~----~~-~~~~~~-~--~
Qnlit1)'lle~)&EJgml]Q1~,2jm2
.~~~~~D"k,,-+2IjJ1HkcVi,i{)jlblW,A2
~-~.-~~---~---~·-~~Page 34 of 2140
'T'heJl1cdicaL5<;lecningjlrocess an,!Jesls gUSI [l~CCplancc ~Iileria-lyiJl be determined by the
physician,
+110+R0E!ci€a+-!i€f€eB1+lg-j3Hlc~'S*~andwill include a medical history and will be sufficient
(in the opinion of the physician)to identify any person who should not use respiratory
devices for medical reasons,or who should be limited to the use of specific types of
respirators.The physician will report any medical restrictions the enlpjB:Y00Y-::Qrk~r has
that would limit il+ljJ1C individual's ability to use a respirator.Based on the physician's
recommendations,any 0fllpIH)'0eY-::QrJ~c;.rmay be subject to additional or more frequent
medical evaluation as deemed necessary by the physician.
J,2--AN_~~_Z88.6-1984.':l~ej:d.liE1l0rJJsc =PhY5icaLQJwlifi91lioniiLQ!~]cr'i.Qlm~~.L':
J2IQ~','icl,,;;-.£,ui,lancc lhat is aC(~9'plabl"-lQ.thQNRC_.'i!_~j'f for the lihy;;ician l~lsejJl
dClcrm,igiDg medical fitness.~~JJlC ;;QLcC1l,ill!'.m_c.!ho,Lmay jncluckJl mcdiqLJlLsJDD'
gue~.t.iggl1aire anCL;;.PllDJ.l1et D'_t,,5l ing~.111c;phy-,'>i9illl,h0 wevcr.e,~tabIishes 1he J2LCSise
sqc;"l1ing melhod.
]]lC medical cvaluatiQJl.J1lggmm shoulQjJ~caIl:!.Q!L(L1W_1lIe pllYsician.Q!JLLg~~"rtifi<;,L
D.lCdically lrained imli','ignal suc:JLa~JL rcgi.'i!ere(Lm1rSC (RI\l).licensed JJnl,,[ig;\LllUXSC
(1.10N),cn\Crgency In&,lical 1cclllli"iill~lJElV!I1-,2L50meone_villQ,jrL.!llLl!ilgmQ!ll otJhe
EI1Y5 iciaJl.,~.has llcJ"'N.ale cxpericnce_e~tIllcaliQn"J1J\ining ..anCUlLCUU~1]enLJo atIll1ir\isler Jhe
.s.~[Q.Q!!:!l.lli.J)roIsEU.n.~
II1Qd ieaI ev~\III.,!tiQJllJ)erfcmmxlJ2L[U2l1..Yiii<;ianilthcr lhan tiLl'MilL's dcsJgl)'JtQ1JlbysicillE
m'lyJle acc_QI?l~I]Jlcas long.as eomJ?!\!:abl~.:..scre~l)l!J.g tcslslll)C!acceplanc"_!?ljtcria are us.c~l
for s~TeQn,ing individuals.
I11Q,inWllLmedigrLQvaIu'lJ.iQg_lQJ!elerminQlL""QrJ~er:5_Jitne;;s lO~I1\Q res pir;\tQ!:-'U1ll,l5t bQ
~1,,<;QJ11plished pljor.to re;;J?iUllQr fil-lesling
The w(2!:keLDJUsl bQJ&.:Qvaluate(LnlediSJillL~ver;c12 monlhs Jtrereafler or a[..iiome other
frec[l.li'g"y'-"slabli?11"d by the Mill's p!2Ysiejilll_._The MjJl'5..jlhysieiillJJ1<ls_Q~lllj)lisheiLthQ
fol]o',Ving frecl[l"rrey for re-evaluatign;
@ Every fivc years fOLworkers under the ag,e ((f 45.:ansI.
!.__.Evea~y~ar for workers 45 yej\G;..QLoldcL
lndividuals whose screening,Iesuhs fall outside thc nUlge of the criteria e,'i!.ablished by the
Mill's physieianlm2Ylln','e their_cases eV!lluated I"ythe physici<m.This evaluation mighl
eomisl--'llilv_oL~g~.review of the _"",-ritten rc~ord,or il_._!11ighl j.J.1Volvc_a hands-Oll
~l'.illJlination._Jn these Situ'ltions.thc.l2l1Ysiciallmillhl permit the individual to use one QI
--Dak,1~!+Jg-Revi,ionD<~gA--2
----------~-~-----Page 35 of 2J40
·\-V-h~-t-e---Ivl-e-s-a··M-j1J-------,S;{,andal:d--qf3e-J'{-t{+ng·r++H,€{JIJH:?-!i----­
RFjLj-lk)<clk~-14------~~--~-------~----------------
LJ"liLl)in,,~;;illli,:ml"LZ0,2JJ()2
1J1s~r~jy12~:LQL!:~3J2iratoJ:~j_udged10 inllm~e less slr~~~Jl1l(LIJrobibiIJj]e US~9f olbcLmorc
stressful d(;"ice~JJJe Mill's pl!)'!iLctlll111aygmfir111 1I1~Qulc(!lne of lbe s~l~ening by
probibitil]gJh~i]]!lividual frolEuslngjll!Y re'ipirmSJr_
Medi",li-',,90rd~~iJ))d the res,!LUi~ofm~dieaf screSJliillLJ~SIS ~""iLLbel(epl m:iy]!le JiLlL,(;
eXlel]L129s~Lll)S,--,rbe only__in(Qrln,Il!9n lhal wilLllgcJElnslgLtled from IbeRSO and-'lll\l
(211!,,1 rCsj1jUI!OlXj1rograJJLsill20Lyj!i9!X12SrSOlll],,1 to tll(;__]](!ll-SUpervisQD'personnel ilUi;le;
re!ij]if!!IQLJl91arllnenl is""lJ(;111er J~LllO t_~1!IL indLyidl1&__Q1aYU!i~lgcipjm torLQL~i;liclJ
gc;yj9(;~mg)'1l(;1)sed <!ndlsl1j91L 111aYJlolll~,
3.2 Maintaining TEDE ALARA and Performing ALARA Evaluations of
Respi!'atory Protection
3,2,I~_~~__~--,A,-,--""LARA Evalu,!!!ons
As stated in the Poliey Statement in 1.0,DW.'>A-shHl!llre _HliLwill use,to the extent
praetical,proeedures and engineering controls based on sound protection prineiples to
aehieve S0j]Q!>_,lres tlLl'lQi,jl!onALARA,and sball limit intakes by means of engineering
controls or procedures,along with the use of respirators,eonsistent with maintaining the
TEDEALARA.
:1l1e MilLwil1 el)_geC!\ior to Ii111iU!le \1s_(;_of rQ!>jlirailllS to siluatioll'iJnJVhi~<JL[(;~pjralQL\!se
jlasj1ee1lsbo\iVI]_illj,eep TEDE Aljl,FA,OlbeLmetho(h~QLproleclis>))-,!g~rinstairbon](;
radig!lClive-1m,leriaL such gs the U5S'_of process gr othcrengjneering conlrgJ'i_,limitalion
of exp0511r(;-!jmes,deSQnlal11LnaliQILancL~\L91LwiIL be-S'QllSi(19:edjJeL<m:thc use of'
reillirator,;,
Mill5t,,!J'_will perfonn an ALAgA evaluation of lhe lypgs of situ,Wsm5Jhat willreilllil~
jJl(;__,l_Se of rcspiralOl~LillJiLif ljeCes~1!l foumuslrali1LllgIH'eclUTing SjLQUl11SlanCe~,__A~
mQl]l!smed abov,,~ili_gre _gI~-"]j1dcsirahL(:u"ffeCIS fi:omlh(;use of resQiratorY_JJrOlcgLiOlL
:n1(;m~e of rc~pjratorYJ1l:S)(QQl!ondeYiges jllJhe I'LQl:kphrce carjjrnj]l),,_ul!lYJiLQ!s>gjr;J1L and
]]~~Qhological strcsse,'um.workers,obstrucl lheir :'Li00n,hinder Jlleir movemg)](5,_and
j)Jakc effgsli-ll_"-cOnlll1_illjj(;atious diffiC\t)L Thc~jjt910rs incrc~'L~the risk -2fJ?ltysical
injurY-lQ~r(51)irat(!1::L"""arersth!Jl,jn nt,my qses,far excc;~<;d anYjlotenilitl risk,jlSSoci,]i(;,l
wilhi,lJe inha),!tjgn of a small (juantjlyof '!j!j]Q!1](;radio"ctive_ll1nteriaL]h(;l:(;for£,_wll(;ll
perlgrrnim"'llL_ALARA _anal ysis for the _lise of l:es]]jralOry protc;S'tion-iJl~__!mY
circUmSla,](;~es.and the results do not sljgw ac;lcar,gi;JviQlIS indication ~(l(:Lnse oLnol lj~~(;
respjEltgrs),the RSO wiIl_!1~gJJrofe5siomlLi!:ldgrnenLasJi)wJlcther or not (2-'!!i~jgn
!:(;spjralors in l!l(;circunl~j]!m:es,
When a specific ALARA evaluation is performed to justify the use or nonuse of
respirators,the evaluation !it1Mlwill consider tbe foIlowing~elements-4etuHed-tR-&B€tiBH
bl-Hf~Regll1a{{w:y-G1±X*-g~.~13c-:
·.·-J~a1&j;>/jJg·R{",j,j{l!1·PUSA'::>
j{.jljL.j·g(""·j4·····-··_·······························.........•..............•.•.........···••··························__·················l'al~e36 of;\140
ill.._...4.l··The usc.of process atJ(L.£l.)gine~ring eOI21rol~,.rilter"d ventilation sy"-I"lllS.
and de5;ilntalnination berm.~Jhe use of l~cspinllQly.l)ro~i'Jion.(Jevice,s
hl....S;ontrol 9f acccss,lilllilmiillLqf c~I)Qsure lime,.1!l)i!.ll1"usc of.Qt.)1Q[.lYJl~s of
Q!(j!.()glre CO'l.tLQ1s bQfqreJ.1lQ..ll~i'.qJ respirat~!LY1RQteclion dcvices ,<1.nd
C\The estimatcd benefit._:1__...~,.~..._.....__"~_.
ID-.!)erfonnjng atlALARA evahl.ation,.~hendeciful\..\iVhich respin1tor.b to bQ£onsidered
for..assignmentguringjl..JiEQ.5;ific ..1'ITh,_Ihe.JlSO wi1LQLYj~Je the ave]1!ge anlbi£lll
concentration of radioactive material in work place air (or the estimated average)b\l the=="'--~._.,--_..-~~_..._--,_.._-._--~-~_...__.~------~-~."~._..-
51l2lliQJ2lUn.e DAC valuQ.i()Llhe eontmlljnan!!LP!:esent..J11c numbeL9lJtainecl.J.m)y be
consiQQ[ed initially a!i.mUde~!l})1il1il11um API'for th"seLgeted.,levi.9i'"_lUl)e ,/\LARjI,
evaluation determines.that use.9LJ!x.e.!iQira!.oryproteetiilll device n2ight bejustif~!L.the
K;;.Qshould c()nsideULdevjee.."I'iththis API'Sl!:greateL IfJii'k.s.:D91l.of ~U:£~Q.irati2U.",iJh
Il1j~APE is inconsistent with J:.1,.Al'<.!\,JrQ.\iVQver,the_ESO.l1l<!Y.JicleCUl dcyi.cc wi)hll
19.wer Al~:',...Wgl1"er safe.!.'/..faclO1Ji,other tI15l11 radiological r,lctO!:~,sucllHS hCllt stress 01:
impaired vision,.should be !irl,cn.Jl!i<LlrQCOU!lL..\\iI1Cu perfcl1:min!Z..such an ALAR!:\
cvalll;rtiolL....(:9nsideration sI2.Q!!ld alsQ..b.£..giycn toJhe po~sil2ijiJythaIJbeJ2IannQQ_\\I!)l:],
~jIL.sjl\!Sc_LeSuspensi(jlL.~ll:.....radj.Qacli.\iC ._material,...lI!.us.increasing the averaJ.~
<;,onCi'lltnrli.()1)during the tasl~,
Th"..exty}11.<lncLJ.Qvcl of.dctail addrQ"scd il],..IEDfi AI~ARAsvaluations shoulclJ!.Q
commerl~!.lfate vyllh thelwtential racUg)ogicalirml12l1YJiical Xisks invQl\i.cd in.the a9!i.yj)y,
Thc ll;>.Q.should consi~kUhe fol!i2~i11JLfactgrs Ill.an 9valY<!ljon of whcthel'.L£~pir~l!QIus9
is AlcO,/\){A:
"-E!2viromncntal ~.Q!1iliti(lm;
'!..,Pr())Y,ct ivc eq uipnl£I)I ancL",1 (2iliinz,_jD",1ud ilU',,1l1"_J~Q!iI2i.ratorL.that .~~2!.wL)1Q
reqlri1:QQ for thc actiyityJleing.i'vaILlated anclthcir ejJc£!s on vyorl~£Lcffici£ncy:
$~:omf~)llIevcl.9Jthc Will'kcrs l'"gardiIlgJ))C usc ofrcspirators;
"-.Experienc,r,,m1d skillleyeIQ!J)li'j1)dividual witl1,Lesper;t t(!.J))c task;
!...ll()5;9~~and cngineeril)gcontrol~Ji2j;Jeused~
.".._.,s12.ecifiLdctailU2Lthe ta~ks t()JIC perfOl}]1Cd LQg'Ldosc.L~ate:s.,estimatcd aVQ.Uilli'
"irborne concentnltionsLand
!...J'Qtcnti"LJ2Qst·activitY..12"gative imlli!5;ts (e.&Jlgsonncl cJ.Qconta.L11inati.Qn and skin
dos£ass9~smcnts.,portalmonilCrr ah1)}}1,:-;l
';;ucl.!...i'vaILwtions may eithQL be jo))"Specifie or be perf0l1]1cd for ge))cral jQh_!'yp£'i:.
ALAHA .Qvaluations per[Ql111ed for gencral job \ypes will.bi'Jevicwed pCliodicaIIy,as
ncccs'i.m:Y,..J.Q...Qnsure ..that none of..J.J!Q...~~!i!lmptiill~.Qr parametcrs upon wl2ich the
".',,-aluation is baseQj1ave changed,
The RSO sho.uld bc able to support t)lC decision to use Ql'.J)Q.Uo usc rcspirators in cach
circumstancc,SLlpportj1)g.....illformatilln could includc the ..J:Q,:-;ults of surv.Qj'!i,
meaS\lfQl]]Cnts ar~salc.!1Jlltions,jlrcyious JlistQ1j',..\iVith .iliiLm·sim,i.!.iJLJ!lJ2s,or.ilther
·D;H{~;:;mg·R€vi,ionDIJ,SA :'
........···~--·_··Page37 of2·140
.\ll·h~+e·-M{'-s-a·-·M{~.f-·"",,·Sl-a.nda:Fd-·(4:,)<:'~:.;{-t~Hg··Pi:o-C C(lUfCS
l?)2)2··~··B"ok·14·~·-._.._..
Drafl D!lle:i>.ml<;!1}]Js;rJ[j,lQQ2
pertinent ,lata.'rhej!ld~11e1Jl of individuals,.~u.,'11as the RSQ~.\\Ijlh extensive knowlet!gg,
amLg,!illerierl£"jnlhc field may alsoJlc suffificlll i)1 eir£!!!Dstauees thm are not.'ll11enable
lQ..<1llantll.i!liY..c anaIysis.
1'01'ALARJ1 evaluations.a [:<.:'JillilliLor·b1cl.t19~LYY9I!(er il1S'ITicicll'LJactor of lliL!O 1~.'!Q
may be.us",!.witlli)UtJu.11119LjustifieaLilm~.h'lrger \\I..orkerjl}g,iIicieneY..Jactors nE'.ybe
llsed ...bllUl1£.E.S.Q shouId bavelest slm.11.!Q5um}(lr1jhem.
Tbe cy.aluation should delmm~Jn!1ewlle1!.l'oT..QLI1Q1.the Tf;:DEfclLtb9job wi.J.IjJ.e AL61i.A:
lIlat.i0~\YhetheUh£..UllelluD dose 11v0 idecLhY.1!iiWgJb1'Xcspir.<.119XY.P rotection elillipm.entl~
likelylQJl,,,gl:!,<]ler thall or Jess thmlHl]YJ1CldiLionaI.cxtenljjlclos.e that may re~lili from tllS'
use QLU19ii£...devices fromJ:£spiralQJ::inllLlced and..Q1I19Lf''lctorS...NOllxadigJ9gieal factors
S.):lQlll'Ul.91 ncluded.
Illej\1ill hl!Lestl!.bli,;lleQ.~L:,)Q..mrem/llrJQUllQBJective ex~rmll deep~dOiie equivjj19111
from aJa~l"-JlL.jg.b.b1'lQ""'..which a recogLof an ALAR/\.cVlduation..JQL tll".J,l§..e_of
respir.atQ.!!i.is 11l!!.l1£9QS',LARadiation WQrkYermit (R W.PJ...IlJ,llY.serye 11!Uhe recQL,I.llf an
,i\IAE.A..£..\i.1llull1WnJor the use of resplratorsJor lJ.512£.cific t[ls.k..QljQb.
Regardle5ii.QJ the magnitude of the..12l9.i£'led eXL£J:naIllpd internal dose,..l.lJ£_l{SO Jl91''i
m21Jlec,lJllm~rfo!'nu)r recogL6LAI{A eYllluations bef!Jl'9,requlril]gJhe use..gL[cspirat.QLY
protecl)Oll..'WJlpmcnt as a preS.llu!iQnarYJl1easurc wh911.thq.c:..i0J1..1l)lge ul19£rtainty about
th£.LlJ,llggitude of the.llr.Qjectcd concentlatiOll':'..0l airbornc ra.dioactivclmJ:!.crial to_which
lhL\\I..9Lkers will be C.5l2!J.'5cd (<:,!~.,[Ulg,W iob...l"W:L.~.ignifi9.l]]1.l.airbo}]lco...contamination
llotconlial,but with no histoD'..Qf.jlJ:9.yi9lls similarjlllJ'i.l,
The RS.O may rcqui.ry~JJ19..m.9..Qf rcspiratOl:un any silUatioJLl\lbere,111...11isnl.lfgm9nL
respiratQD'...proteclj.9}L\YQ.1Jld bc apllIQJlxiate,..evenJ.hoUgll..!L.dose a~esslJ:lenL.YIould
indj.c:.atC.lhat lS:~.pi.r:m..gJ:YJ)roteetion is not reqlUxed.
Howevcr.,...\\ihen the use or n,)[Hls£..Qf respirators has no clear impact on.Tf~DE.thc RSO
shOllLcL()jJt to not use respirators illJ12~t£ircumst,lncei;,
A reduction inJEDE It)!'a work£!:.would not be.J:9asonable if an attendant illcrease in tl]1'
worker's industrialJl£alth.....ill1d safetLJisk {e,g.,from a vLs.ion limitation...QLother
J:9Ji]2irator..relat£..c!J1IQhlem)would exceed the benefit to bc...obtaineliJlYredllcll]gJ.lle risk
associaled.yyith the reduction in TEDE.
4.PROCEDURES FOR RESPIRATOR APPLICATIONS
4.1 Routine Respirator Use
~Pi1I€,11/m\RBVisi{Jjll~*N;A:J
IWILJ-gj'Hk·j4···~·~~····~~·~~···~~~·~······~~-~~~~~~~~.~~~.~..~~~~~~--~_..~~~~.~~~~.~~--~~~._~~.~~~~~-~~~--~-Pa!le 38 of 2-140
I)1·'I[U2iU£;S.~J)I"'llJl)j:I.~.?JL.•W.I)2
AS11HK'{+-aBm'&tHidBJ'-;H;;~{J1e-BJt&iH")ts-JeH'HH+i+lB-H"e-~l'e~piHl1+lJ*wilj-l*,-jHGH+e&~in+hB
FBs13imtHJ'-C-Y£llHBtg+HBili+Y{~H+si{j{)-thB~afeiJ4~{~j3affiJJenl ..
J{{~~pil'alHl'S-\lliJl-J1HI-J'le-i"'!ffied-{{1~BJnplHJ'BB~-HB1e~S+JW)-~Ht'e{H~B+lfic{+"-(-+Bj.y-empJH)'CCfi
ha\ljJlg~GHH'BH1-aHt{J{JHYa1.j{)jHG+lfiB-{'("SjJiH1IHFS{tre+fJ*'Coesfi-ihe-o{HJW6'B-{iHhiHelfi-aRfJ
Hhtaln-FeSjcHl'aim's,
·WJwnfespiHltGl'ii-aFe-J1Hl--hBi+lg+IW{J,ihc"}'-lHll%HW%iHR'{J-jtl+llB-pJaSliB.fNtgii-in-wlH8Hhey
wBrG-I"';Hefk-DiFlY-l'B"ItiHlhJl'ii~wi~I~~7et3j{KC{~d-iB-rB€Bj*a€le&~{lt'H{Bd.jH+1lC.ylHj.l-eelllr3J
(3BHlfOl-rGGHHH'lfI-HI-IhB-JJJfliH1Bn3B€B-iihBj3;-'Fhey-w+JJ.-IJBe-gll1JJ{Jj'e"fl4f(-HH+J_BtGealjGffi
j'GI+leajJ+ng*fld~~fepaiFs,
Donning Ihe;1 respirator must be performed in accordance with the training provided.~At
lefl5I--{)HB..-Ij'j}&{lf-nSel'-seak0lBdHHH&I;-+w-pmfGIHle"fl--+HJmi*lia+e1Yi3FiHr--h++*j7lliime-lH
(In&lll'(Hhal-1Jle+e&lJjmiGj~i;;i3FHI,)H1Y5Bale+J..{)jHJlefttG{~~
:j::jlB-i'retluBlley-l~I+a1~~·IH+i·R-y-rc"&t)jfaiGF-fHl*,l-IJBe.e-fteIHtHj?;{..'il-fflH1GtCffiHltl&-wiH-he
(jBiHmitle,t-J+ylj1(+iliHHHHH3flilHe-j+-*djS€.B~~Ij'+h€-eB+j3tGYBe'-s-{{;;C-i*~Ie[HH+JJ{ltl-J+)u+
iJ()Hj'S-13el~uy,+h{'c%H;,ffilHge~\vin~~-IHf.{{lB-daiIT~--Geea8{)]+aI-uMHviJI-FeCjnire-a-wBekd-y
e*"C41iJHgB,-~lj.j'eqHBll1--H&e-wjJj-fC~'f,-m()jHMTe.y,f3iJiHtges-c
4.;1--NoHi'flllaHel'l:s?Ccc!urc~l'()l'J(j!Jtillc;~J~'il2.inlt()r u~..J).rc .~.c;Ll!lllj.rLdciaiLI1Lt!lc;
D:2.Lf;.·g~illg SectJ.Qps .QLtbis_PI~.QgUl!lL
····I)alec·.[.;;JjJR··RfNiS;Ol1·])1cL,A-",
j<J1JLJ g<X)l(.+)~-·__····_...................__.··_··.j'age 39 of 2-140
4.2 NOIl-nmtinc Respirator Use
NBRHlB+iHeNon·roll.!ln~Respirator Use shall be defined as use of respirators in
Hlli\!;~e,~edlllHlssessed areas or for nonrecurring tasks for which engineering controls arc
not in place ofQ!practicaL.The Sa!ll.Q.jJroee(!.\!res .'JlmlYJQ..Q!lli:LQll(i\!e rcspiratoL use...0'
'mlili'lQ.1'0utin.£xes pirator l!s£'.Il,2.Q!;laiIcd j)JJIUsErognul1,
:1.3 4.-3·-···Emel·gency Respimtor Use
Emergency Respirator Usc shall be·used for recovery of an injured person from an area
where air concentrations of radioactive material may be high,the breathing quality of the
ambient air has not been assessed,or the area may become immediately dangerous to life
or health (lDUl)·because of the presence ofnonradiological hazards.
Respirators designed for emergency use will be stored in areas that are readily accessible
to all emjT!oyee"workers.,Emergency cabinets are located on the north side of the
millMUl building outside of the SAG Mill doors,outside the SX on the north wall,on the
south end of SX on the fire cabinet,and at the fire hose station at the front gate,
TllY.£Dl!it)l11ent prefclTe!lJ~QL.9merg~ncy enlD'j!l\9.jmJl.!l<J.ScseU;!~\I.environfl)YnL,QLjIlto an
area wL1Il.high cOll£:Cntl:'1l.i.9LLs9L'L£hemie<lihaz,guL.is J.he Sg~A.91)S'rate\!.i!)the.j21:C'l','jue·
(Jemand mod.£L wit.h a mininlJl!luated -,sgyic:.",Jil'£..2L3.().Jl:U1llJ.!YcL)'·or other ernem.~ncy
usc against .airborne ra\liQI1~ive nlgterial,thefull faee..airj)l\!jJyilwx£sjJiratQl:0.!lonnally
used at th"iilfilliL\YJL1J2£Jl.<J"mwt£,
The·use of de!llliQQ SCBA in emergencyj'i):£figlljjng siI11Il1ionsJs..nolJ2£!mitte(L bee,rmY
8ue!J.L~SPirato!s_SlQ.D91111ee.t Natj0 naU'ir({J~!Qteet022 AJislle iation standm:\!.s.•
4.4 Safety
fIQcedures intended lQ...ensL!l:£.lhe safety .of.J.he worker arc 8.e.!out iu detaiLi)}the
lj,lI'egoing SeS'jilln5 ofJ.!li.,-£'L9J;Igm
For entry'"into areas where the level of hazard has not been assessed because of the._.____.__.__,.._.,._u~.__...~_.....__...
exiS1S'l.!~S'..of unusual conditions,or .\11 response.to ..nnanticJ12~ted ls,leases of rmljoacti\ie
maleTial.workers must usc only_.SCEA operated l!lJ)ressure·dewand mode.However,
the usc of seEA to ._cimmlVent the pre·e)(j)Q5ure ..samp)lll.2,.req,r,jrement.JR313·15·
703(ll\!JL)Ju.;:Fl'Z1(Ul03{<J.UJ1is.}1ot permitted for nO!1·.elngl;ency acti\ijjjes,
For emerg."J.!£Y escape f!.QnL.normally safe en\i..ironmg)'ts.v,:here a .Xe!il2iratQ)'yjFrzard
[night deve).<2P..5Ud®nly,.any of the full face,PAPR or S<;:Eb devi~.es USe\L!lt the Mill
·Wh-i4{~,··M€-sa---M:-iU-,·~-S+i:l.fldi{fd--{~pe-l:iHtH-g-·rlH)0edHre~·
RPlLJ-Book-14----------------.-----.---~--
I-liil1lli'I~:0_821~Jl1 be,~_:nL2m)2
Jmly--J)C_us.,cI so 1011;;as ilJ2Iovidcsj]Q~qUalC s!}orHerm
)laz9I.lLlilut migjlt be ell'Qjmtcreci.
- -DiHBi--I.;yOg·Revi,ioHJ~l~0A-2
------·-Pagc 40 of~-140