Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutDERR-2025-009158 Response to Comments Groundwater RAP Addendum -102 July 7, July 7, 2025 Ms. Leigh Anderson Utah Department of Environmental Quality Division of Environmental Response and Remediation 195 North 1950 West Salt Lake City, UT 84116 Re: Response to Comments: October 2024 Groundwater Remedial Action Plan Addendum and September 2024 Plume Analytics Report Former General Electric Facility 130 East 1100 North North Salt Lake, Utah VCP No. C-102 WSP Project No. US0041939.2677 Dear Ms. Anderson: WSP USA, Inc. (WSP) on behalf of GE Vernova is providing this response to comments received from the Utah Department of Environmental Quality (UDEQ), Division of Environmental Response and Remediation (DERR) on the Groundwater Remedial Action Plan Addendum (dated October 22, 2024) for the former GE Vernova facility located at 130 East 1100 North, in North Salt Lake, Utah (Site). In addition, this document addresses comments received on the September 2024 Plume Analytics Report (dated November 1, 2024) for the Site. The UDEQ DERR comments, dated February 18, 2025, are presented below, and followed by GE Vernova’s response. It is clear based on DERR’s Specific Comment 1, and the responses provided, that the process to achieve risk-based closure at this Site remains unresolved and further discussion is warranted. GE maintains MNA as the appropriate remedial action for chlorinated VOCs and monitoring as the appropriate action selected to address 1,4-dioxane. Alternative remedial actions are neither cost-effective nor technically viable for 1,4-dioxane. DERR Review Comments on the Groundwater RAP Addendum Specific Comments: 1. Page 2, Objective and Page 8, Proposed Performance Objectives: The DERR cannot accept the proposed Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) remedy at this time for the reasons outlined below in this comment. Please revise the plan to propose a remedy to WSP USA Inc. 216 Centerview Drive Suite 300 Brentwood, TN 37027 +1 (615) 333-0630 wsp.com Response to Comments Groundwater RAP Addendum -102 July 7, meet the Performance Objectives and goals in the Groundwater RAP Addendum. a. The historical groundwater data set does not demonstrate a clear and meaningful trend of decreasing contaminant mass and/or concentration over time in MW-3 and MW-17. These locations are considered one of several appropriate monitoring points to gauge the effectiveness of MNA. Response: After discussions with the DERR on the use of MNA as the selected groundwater remedy for the Site, submittal of the initial Groundwater RAP Addendum in July 2024 which identified MNA as the selected remedy for groundwater, discussion on the RAP Addendum with the DERR in August 2024, and revision and resubmittal of the RAP Addendum in October 2024 to address the DERR’s stated concerns, the DERR now indicates there is insufficient evidence to document that natural attenuation is occurring and thus MNA cannot be the selected remedy for the Site. The Plume Analytics reports that have been submitted to the DERR on a regular basis have provided strong documentation of the natural attenuation and degradation of the chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at the Site. The non-chlorinated VOC, 1,4-dioxane, was shown to have migrated off-site at low-level concentrations which were generally detected above the screening level of 0.46 µg/L (WSP, Groundwater Plume Analytics® Report, November 2024 and March 2025). Although it is acknowledged that the September 2024 monitoring event was associated with higher concentrations of cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-DCE) at MW-17 (110 µg/L) and of 1,4-dioxane at MW-3 (88 µg/L) and MW-17 (17 µg/L), the Utah regulations specifically note that that “[c]onsideration will be given to naturally occurring variations in groundwater contaminant concentrations, natural groundwater flow, and dispersion”.1 During the March 2025 monitoring event, the concentration of cis-1,2-DCE at MW-17 decreased approximately 51 percent to 54 µg/L. The concentration of 1,4-dioxane at MW-3 decreased approximately 33 percent to 59 µg/L, and at MW-17, the concentration of 1,4-dioxane decreased approximately 41 percent to 10 µg/L. In the June 2024 Technical Memorandum on the Potential Risk Associated with 1,4- Dioxane in groundwater, it was demonstrated there was no risk associated with the on- site groundwater, and off-site groundwater with 1,4-dioxane concentrations were associated with a residential cancer risk at the midpoint of the acceptable target cancer risk range if groundwater were used as a potable water supply. There are no residential receptors located off-site and shallow groundwater associated with the off-site detections of 1,4-dioxane is not used as a source of water supply. The off-site risk associated with the potential vapor intrusion of 1,4-dioxane to indoor air was acceptable. The March 2025 groundwater data associated with the off-site monitoring wells had similar 1 Utah Office of Administrative Rules, Cleanup Action and Risk-Based Closure Standards, Principles of Non-Degradation, R-315-101-3(a). Response to Comments Groundwater RAP Addendum -102 July 7, concentrations of 1,4-dioxane with analytical results ranging from non-detect to 4 µg/L (off-site MW-A2). In response to DERR Comment 8 below, GE Vernova will continue to monitor off-site groundwater for the presence of 1,4-dioxane for a minimum of two years (four semi- annual events starting with the March 2025 event) to determine additional monitoring requirements, or if the off-site groundwater monitoring program can be terminated. Although the presence of chlorinated VOCs in off-site groundwater has already been addressed and documented to be associated with an off-site release that is not associated with the former GE Vernova Facility, in accordance with the approved off-site groundwater monitoring program, select wells will also continue to be monitored for chlorinated VOCs. The remaining response presented here for Comment 1a focuses on 1,4-dioxane. The specific concentrations of VOCs in groundwater at the Site are discussed in response to Comment 1b (below). Evaluation of the on-site groundwater data indicates that during the last ten 2 groundwater monitoring events, 1,4-dioxane has only been detected at concentrations above the Performance Objective of 46 micrograms per liter (µg/L) at MW-3. Detected concentrations of 1,4-dioxane at the other monitoring wells present at the Site, including at the property boundary, are below the Performance Objective. In accordance with the Utah Code for the Voluntary Cleanup Program 3 at 19-8-110(5), there is flexibility built into the rules to allow the DERR to not require removal or remedy of all discharges, releases, etc., as quoted below: “After considering the proposed future use of the property that is the subject of the agreement, the executive director may approve work plans and reports submitted under this section that do not require removal or remedy of all discharges, releases, and threatened releases on the property if the applicant's response actions under the agreement: (a) will be completed in a manner that protects human health and the environment; (b) will not cause, contribute to, or exacerbate discharges, releases, or threatened releases on the property that are not required to be removed or remedied under the work plan; and (c) will not interfere with or substantially increase the costs of response actions to address any remaining discharges, releases, or threatened releases resulting from releases initially generated on the property.” 2 USEPA’s ProUCL User’s Guide (2022) recommends ten sampling points for the calculation of a 95 percent upper confidence limit (UCL). 3 19-8-110, Voluntary cleanup work plans and reports Response to Comments Groundwater RAP Addendum -102 July 7, As noted in the Groundwater RAP Addendum and discussed in previous submittals, the constituents of concern (COCs) in shallow groundwater do not have the potential to migrate vertically to deeper groundwater that is used as a source of potable water supply (i.e., the municipal well). There are no residential receptors downgradient of the Site and the Site is currently vacant. The only potentially complete migration pathway associated with the Site and downgradient locations is considered to be the potential for vapor intrusion from groundwater to indoor air, and the 1,4-dioxane concentrations in both on- site and off-site groundwater were demonstrated in the RAP Addendum to be well below the corresponding residential and industrial vapor intrusion screening levels (VISLs). In addition, the environmental covenant to be placed on the Site will preclude future residential development and, with the use of engineering and other site administrative controls placed upon the property, will also prevent the future use of on-site groundwater as a source of potable water supply. With the flexibility incorporated into the Statute, the placement of the environmental covenant on the property to preclude future residential development and prevent use of on-site groundwater, and the continuation of the off-site groundwater monitoring program for a minimum of an additional two years, there does not seem to be a reason for a costly active remedial alternative (e.g., injection) to address the presence of 1,4-dioxane at one well (MW-3) when there is no potential for adverse exposure to 1,4-dioxane in either on-site or off-site groundwater. As noted, the continuation of the off-site groundwater monitoring program for 1,4-dioxane will allow for the continued evaluation of 1,4-dioxane concentrations, potential receptors, and corresponding off-site risk associated with the low-level detections of 1,4-dioxane in off-site groundwater. For determination of the appropriate corrective action at a site, the regulations (R315- 101-1(c) indicate that the following criteria shall be considered in the order of importance: (1) the impact or potential impact of the contamination on human health; (2) the impact or potential impact of the contamination on the environment; (3) the technologies available for use in cleanup; and (4) economic considerations and cost-effectiveness of cleanup options. GE Vernova has demonstrated that there is no current or reasonably foreseeable future impact or potential impact to human health or the environment, either on-site or off-site, due to the presence of 1,4-dioxane in groundwater. It is proposed that in response to this comment, the Groundwater RAP Addendum be revised to present our current findings with regard to the cost associated with an “active” remedial alternative to address 1,4- dioxane in groundwater at MW-3, which given there is no potential for exposure to COCs in groundwater, is not cost-effective. Therefore, monitoring by itself is considered the alternative selected to continue to evaluate 1,4-dioxane. The selection of MNA is appropriate for the chlorinated VOCs which is discussed further in response to Comment 1b below. Response to Comments Groundwater RAP Addendum -102 July 7, b. The concentrations from the September 2024 groundwater monitoring event were above the Proposed Performance Objectives in MW-3 (1,4-Dioxane - 88 µg/L compared to the goal of 46 µg/L) and MW-17 (cis-1,2 DCE - 110 µg/L compared to the goal of 70 µg/L). Response: As noted in the response to Comment 1a above, the DERR recognizes the potential for fluctuation in groundwater concentrations [R-315-101-3(a)]. The fluctuations observed at MW-3 and MW-17 during the September 2024 groundwater monitoring event are believed to have been associated with the seasonally lower groundwater levels and its impact on the migration of constituents bound in the smear zone from soil to groundwater. Data were added to the response to Comment 1a (above) to demonstrate how concentrations at these two wells have decreased since the September 2024 event. In addition, the environmental covenant to be placed on the Site will preclude future residential development and, with the use of engineering and other site administrative controls placed upon the property, will also prevent the future use of on-site groundwater as a source of potable water supply. The need to further discuss the requirement for an active remediation to address 1,4- dioxane in on-site groundwater was discussed in the response to Comment 1a above. The concentrations of the VOCs (including 1,4-dioxane) in comparison to the Performance Objectives are discussed herein along with selection of MNA as an appropriate remedy for the chlorinated VOCs. In Comment 7 below, the DERR indicates that compliance with the Performance Objectives is not on an individual concentration basis but is instead based on the 95 percent upper confidence limit (95% UCL) on the arithmetic average for data collected from an individual well. This approach is very conservative because if groundwater were being used, it would be drawn from a radius of influence around a well resulting in the mixing of groundwater from several, if not many of the wells located at the Site. Evaluation of the data indicates that only cis-1,2-DCE and 1,4-dioxane have individual detections within the last 10 events that exceed the Performance Objectives. The well- specific 95% UCLs for these constituents at applicable monitoring wells are summarized in Table 1 below. With the exception of cis-1,2-DCE and 1,4-dioxane at MW-3, the 95% UCLs for all of the individual wells are below the corresponding Performance Objectives. Specifically, the 95% UCL for cis-1,2-DCE at MW-17 of 59.85 µg/L is below the Performance Objective of 70 µg/L. The DERR’s position on the need for an active remedy seems to focus on MW-3 where the 95% UCLs for cis-1,2-DCE and 1,4-dioxane exceed the corresponding Performance Objectives. As noted, MW-3 is located on the former facility where there is no current potential exposure to groundwater and where future potential exposures will be prevented by the use of the environmental covenant. Response to Comments Groundwater RAP Addendum -102 July 7, Table 1 Performance Objectives in Comparison to Individual Well 95% UCLs Well Cis-1,2-DCE 95% UCL (µg/L) 1,4-Dioxane 95% UCL (µg/L) MW-1 NA 0.81 MW-2 58 11 MW-3 88 87 MW-4 NA 17 MW-10 NA 3.6 MW-11 NA 7.3 MW-12 NA 19 MW-13 NA 1.4 MW-15 NA 1.5 MW-16 NA 1.7 MW-17 60 9.9 MW-18 NA 8.4 MW-19 NA 3.9 Performance Objectives: 70 46 NA – not applicable. The well was not evaluated for the referenced constituent as the concentrations were not of concern for meeting the Performance Objectives (see Attachment 1). The Groundwater Plume Analytics® Services report for the Site (WSP, March 2025) indicates that between September 2021 to March 2025, the on-site TCE area in acres was stable, with its average concentration, and plume mass indicator (lbs) exhibiting decreasing trends with confidence levels in the regression analyses and Mann-Kendall trends ranging from 97% (regression analysis and Mann-Kendall trend confidence level for decreasing average concentration and plume mass indicator) to 99% (Mann-Kendall trend confidence level for decreasing average TCE concentration). Cis-1,2-DCE, a breakdown product of TCE, shows stable trends for area, average concentration and mass. The on-site 1,1-DCE plume exhibits a decreasing trend in average concentration and decreasing/no trend for area or mass. The on- site 1,1-DCA plume exhibits decreasing trends in area, average concentration, and mass with confidence levels at 99% for both regression analysis and Mann-Kendall trends. These data analyses support the continuing MNA of the chlorinated VOCs of concern in Site groundwater. c. The “Full Plume Area” and “Full Plume Mass Indicator” noted in the groundwater model for 1,4-Dioxane was greater in September 2024 (10.1 acres and 0.82 lbs, respectively) as compared to December 2022 (8.2 acres and 0.69 lbs, respectively). This suggests the overall plume may not be attenuating at a rate necessary to achieve the project goals. The December 2022 sampling event was one of the first events to include on and off-site data and provides a reasonable overview of baseline conditions to help gauge the rate and level of attenuation when compared to current data. Response: As noted in the responses to the previous comments, the UDERR regulations acknowledge that there is going to be some fluctuation in groundwater data. The current Response to Comments Groundwater RAP Addendum -102 July 7, Groundwater Plume Analytics® Services report for the Site for March 2025 indicates that between September 2021 to March 2025 the area of 1,4-dioxane on-site decreased 10 percent, the average concentration decreased 51 percent, and the mass indicator decreased 56%. See response to Comment 1a with respect to the need to conduct an active remediation of 1,4- dioxane in groundwater. 2. Page 8, Proposed Performance Objectives for On-site Groundwater: Please revise the text to note that the goal of the remedial efforts is to meet the Performance Objectives in Table 2 and ensure the off-site impacts associated with the site do not pose an unacceptable risk. Response: The text under the Proposed Performance Objectives will be revised to indicate: “The overall remedial objective is to meet the Performance Objectives in Table 2 for on-site groundwater and to ensure the impacts to off-site groundwater do not pose an unacceptable risk. The Performance Objectives for each COC, the Basis of each Performance Objective, and the range of detected concentrations for each COC are summarized below“. 3. Page 8, Proposed Performance Objectives for On-site Groundwater: Arsenic concentrations will be screened against the MCL. Please revise the text. Response: Table 2 will be revised to identify the Performance Objective for arsenic of 10 micrograms per liter (µg/L) with the Basis of Performance Objective identified as the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL). 4. Page 10, Third Bullet: Please remove the wording “other than the geologic setting” from this sentence. Response: There is no objection to removing the phrase “other than the geologic setting” under the discussion of the selected performance criterion for arsenic. However, placement of the environmental covenant will prevent potable use of groundwater, resulting in achievement of the onsite performance objective for arsenic. 5. Page 10, Application of Performance Objectives: Please remove the sentence “GE is awaiting on comments on the proposed modifications.” The DERR has accepted the proposed modifications to the on-site groundwater monitoring program by way of this comment. The approach will be incorporated into the RAP along with the criteria in Specific Comment #8. Response: The identified phrase will be deleted and the text will be updated to reflect UDERR’s approval of the modifications to the on-site groundwater monitoring program. 6. Page 11, Application of Performance Standards: Please revise the text to indicate that long-term monitoring will be utilized to verify that the Performance Objectives have been Response to Comments Groundwater RAP Addendum -102 July 7, met and will continue to be met. Response: The comment is worded such that there will be no end to long-term monitoring. Instead, the following text is proposed, “Sampling of select VOCs will continue until data indicate the performance objectives have been met. At this point, in general accordance with the USEPA guidance (1998*), an additional four semi-annual groundwater monitoring events (two years) will be conducted to confirm that concentrations of VOCs in groundwater remain below the Performance Objectives”. * USEPA’s Technical Protocol for Evaluating Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents in Ground Water (1998) 7. Page 11, Application of Performance Standards: Please revise the text to clarify if the 95% UCL will represent individual well data or site-wide data. The DERR cannot accept site-wide data for the entire plume to make decisions on whether the remedial goals have been met. Individual well data will be evaluated. Response: The text will be revised to indicate the “primary mechanism to evaluate Site- wide achievement of the performance objective will be the calculation of an individual- well specific 95% UCL for the COC of interest”. Additional supporting site-specific information will be presented as appropriate to put the data in perspective, specifically noting an exceedance at a single well in the interior of the site would not mean that the site in its entirety would not meet the performance objective if site boundary wells meet the performance objectives 8. Page 11, Application of Performance Standards, third paragraph: Please revise the text to note that off-site groundwater monitoring will commence for a minimum of two years and the data will then be evaluated before determining additional monitoring requirements. The purpose of the off- site monitoring is to ensure there are no changing conditions and unacceptable risk. Response: The concluding paragraph on the Application of Performance Standards will be revised to indicate GE Vernova will continue to monitor off-site groundwater for the presence of 1,4-dioxane for a minimum of two years (four semi-annual events starting with the March 2025 event) to determine additional monitoring requirements, or if the off- site groundwater monitoring program can be terminated. In accordance with the approved off-site groundwater monitoring program, select wells will also continue to be monitored for chlorinated VOCs. 9. Page 12, Final Report and Certificate of Completion: Please submit a report with each groundwater monitoring event. A Final Report should be submitted with a request for closure once the cleanup goals have been met, there are no spikes in the data and the plume is considered stable and decreasing. A Site Management Plan and Environmental Covenant will need to be finalized prior to final closure to document the long term obligations associated with the site. Response to Comments Groundwater RAP Addendum -102 July 7, Response: At DERR’s request, a semi-annual monitoring report will be provided after each groundwater monitoring event. The Final Report will be submitted with a request for closure when the groundwater data meet the necessary requirements. It is understood the Site Management Plan and Environmental Covenant will be finalized prior to final closure to document any remaining long-term obligations associated with the Site. DERR Review Comments September 2024 Plume Analytics Report Technical Comment: Slide 30: The 1,4 Dioxane concentration in MW-3 for the September 2024 sampling event is reported as 94 ug/L, which does not match the result from the on-site September 2024 Groundwater Monitoring Report. Please revise. Response: DUP1-0191224 (duplicate) was collected from MW-3, and the result of the duplicate was 94 ug/L. The September 2024 Plume Analytics Report included the duplicate concentration since it was the highest concentration in MW-3 for the groundwater monitoring event, and no revision of the report is warranted. The process to achieve risk-based closure at this Site remains unresolved. Therefore, groundwater monitoring under the accepted on- and off-site programs, with reports provided to the DERR on the existing semi-annual schedule, will continue. At this time, if requested by the DERR, the Groundwater RAP Addendum will be revised to identify monitoring as the action selected to address 1,4-dioxane and MNA as the remedial action for chlorinated VOCs. Alternative remedial actions are neither cost-effective nor technically viable for 1,4-dioxane. Please contact Brad Glisson at brad.glisson@wsp.com if you have any questions or comments regarding this report or would like to set up a conference call to discuss. Respectfully submitted, WSP USA Inc. Bradley K Glisson, CHMM Sara B. Mathews, CHMM AVP - Project Manager AVP – Environmental Scientist ATTACHMENT 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 9 5 0 9.6 11.51 13 12 1.096 0.365 0.0952 -0.815 0.844 0.764 0.339 0.316 12.19 12.01 12.17 0.893 0.72 0.353 0.279 118.3 78.95 0.0973 0.146 2130 1421 11.51 1.296 1335 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 12.26 12.42 0.832 0.859 0.345 0.252 2.262 2.439 2.565 0.0988 N/A 12.65 13.17 13.88 15.29 12.11 11.89 12.07 12.09 12.01 12 12.61 13.1 13.79 15.15 12.19 10 9 0 17 44 98 34 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 0.532 1.435 0.862 0.781 0.266 0.304 57.56 59.75 58.12 0.387 0.729 0.244 0.268 4.565 3.262 9.638 13.49 91.3 65.25 44 24.36 47.66 0.0267 45.06 60.24 63.71 0.96 0.869 0.214 0.241 2.833 3.671 4.585 0.496 64.07 64.83 74.34 87.53 113.5 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 56.17 59.6 55.72 63.64 70.59 56.1 66.19 76.24 90.19 117.6 57.56 10 10 0 34 64.8 150 60 32.11 10.15 0.496 2.389 0.715 0.781 0.311 0.304 83.41 89.7 84.69 0.726 0.728 0.244 0.267 6.373 4.528 10.17 14.31 127.5 90.56 64.8 30.45 69.61 0.0267 66.43 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 84.29 88.33 0.885 0.869 0.22 0.241 3.526 4.091 5.011 0.396 85.19 88.55 99.6 115 145.1 81.5 90.7 81.29 100.3 157.6 84 95.26 109.1 128.2 165.8 88.33 10 7 0 19 44.3 110 41 26.82 8.483 0.606 1.73 0.815 0.781 0.231 0.304 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 59.85 63.21 60.62 0.441 0.73 0.177 0.268 3.67 2.635 12.07 16.81 73.39 52.71 44.3 27.29 37.03 0.0267 34.76 63.05 67.18 0.915 0.869 0.181 0.241 2.944 3.649 4.7 0.554 68.5 67.7 78.41 93.29 122.5 58.25 61.6 57.45 68.55 124.6 57.9 69.75 81.28 97.27 128.7 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 9 7 4 5 4 3 0.5 0.2 1.6 0.597 0.25 55.56% 0.86 0.5 0.669 0.582 1.842 3.555 -0.257 0.504 0.768 0.687 0.392 0.413 0.5 0.168 0.435 N/A 0.812 N/A 0.776 N/A 1.004 1.232 1.55 2.172 0.554 0.659 0.387 0.396 4.904 1.393 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 39.23 11.14 0.86 0.01 0.388 1.6 0.01 0.542 1.4 0.384 0.33 1.009 1.174 6.913 5.942 0.0231 1.61 1.183 1.43 N/A 0.5 0.435 0.189 0.168 1.323 0.956 23.81 17.21 0.378 0.523 0.807 1.164 1.521 2.354 8.821 7.589 0.975 1.133 0.849 0.792 0.353 0.346 0.494 -1.026 0.465 0.822 0.782 0.76 0.837 1.029 1.153 -0.988 0.372 0.728 2.671 0.285 0.965 Adjusted Level of Significance (β) Approximate Chi Square Value (5.94, α)Adjusted Chi Square Value (5.94, β) Adjusted Chi Square Value (17.21, β)Approximate Chi Square Value (17.21, α) 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 0.285 0.471 -1.195 0.483 1.008 0.77 1.608 0.812 10 9 0 0.9 8.452 14 10.1 4.64 1.467 0.549 -0.541 0.89 0.781 0.251 0.304 11.14 10.6 11.1 0.731 0.735 0.262 0.27 2.147 1.57 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 42.94 31.39 8.452 6.746 19.59 0.0267 17.99 13.54 14.75 0.807 0.869 0.238 0.241 -0.105 1.884 2.639 0.891 23.04 17.5 21.22 26.37 36.5 10.87 10.5 10.68 10.77 10.42 10.6 12.85 14.85 17.61 23.05 11.14 10 10 0 8 60.33 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 46.16 14.6 0.765 0.41 0.907 0.781 0.168 0.304 87.09 86.36 87.4 0.308 0.739 0.176 0.271 1.5 1.117 40.23 54.03 30 22.33 60.33 57.09 12.59 0.0267 11.33 107 118.9 0.925 0.869 0.173 0.241 2.079 3.731 4.883 0.997 192 127.8 156.7 196.7 275.3 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 84.34 85.21 82.89 88.98 83.72 83.83 104.1 124 151.5 205.6 87.09 10 10 0 1.6 12.35 32.7 10.9 8.583 2.714 0.695 1.479 0.886 0.781 0.194 0.304 17.33 18.17 17.54 0.24 0.735 0.136 0.27 2.188 1.598 5.646 7.729 43.75 31.96 12.35 9.77 20.04 0.0267 18.41 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 19.7 21.43 0.93 0.869 0.176 0.241 0.47 2.268 3.487 0.817 28.47 23.37 28.09 34.64 47.51 16.81 17.72 16.57 19.45 40.17 16.84 20.49 24.18 29.3 39.35 17.33 8 7 1 5 3 5 2 1.8 0.2 6.1 0.597 3.127 37.5% 3.252 1.768 2.5 0.544 1.363 1.292 1.074 0.498 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 0.859 0.686 0.265 0.396 2.108 0.765 1.936 3.295 3.557 3.343 3.366 3.508 4.403 5.442 6.886 9.72 0.348 0.681 0.257 0.358 4.911 2.098 0.662 1.55 49.11 20.98 3.252 0.01 2.036 6.1 1.93 2.145 1.054 0.376 0.318 5.413 6.395 6.019 5.095 0.0195 1.196 0.788 8.672 13.16 Adjusted Level of Significance (β) Approximate Chi Square Value (5.09, α)Adjusted Chi Square Value (5.09, β) 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 2.108 1.936 3.746 0.765 1.186 0.824 18.97 13.19 1.778 2.557 3.438 5.088 6.764 10.71 6.02 4.851 4.617 5.73 0.927 0.806 0.224 0.319 2.311 0.553 1.866 0.821 3.561 3.398 3.65 4.498 6.178 0.0677 1.07 1.346 4.323 0.532 23.87 1.346 4.323 0.532 2.095 -0.0555 2.083 1.639 3.49 86.52 3.557 Adjusted Chi Square Value (13.19, β)Approximate Chi Square Value (13.19, α) 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 9 9 1 8 1 8 1 0.2 0.597 12 0.597 18.56 11.11% 5.088 4.308 3.15 0.847 0.624 -1.342 1.119 1.316 0.881 0.749 0.251 0.333 4.544 1.46 4.098 6.811 7.26 6.867 6.946 7.968 8.925 10.91 13.66 19.07 0.333 0.734 0.209 0.301 1.122 0.784 4.535 6.486 17.95 12.55 5.088 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 0.01 4.523 12 2.6 4.37 0.966 0.602 0.475 7.517 9.518 10.83 8.554 0.0231 3.06 2.41 12.64 16.06 4.544 4.098 16.79 1.46 1.23 0.894 22.14 16.09 3.695 5.083 7.376 10.76 14.17 22.15 8.027 6.861 9.11 10.66 0.876 0.851 0.202 0.265 4.561 0.878 4.328 1.427 7.244 6.944 7.033 7.893 57.12 0.816 2.261 1.443 4.298 0.514 57.39 1.443 4.298 0.514 Adjusted Level of Significance (β) Approximate Chi Square Value (8.55, α)Adjusted Chi Square Value (8.55, β) Adjusted Chi Square Value (16.09, β)Approximate Chi Square Value (16.09, α) 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 4.334 1.455 7.242 63.21 7.26 10 9 0 2.3 14.27 22.6 15 7.295 2.307 0.511 -0.668 0.897 0.781 0.162 0.304 18.5 17.54 18.42 0.873 0.734 0.268 0.269 2.425 1.764 5.885 8.09 48.5 35.28 14.27 10.74 22.69 0.0267 20.95 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 22.19 24.03 0.759 0.869 0.31 0.241 0.833 2.438 3.118 0.829 34.69 28.13 33.87 41.82 57.46 18.06 17.33 17.8 17.91 17.46 17.74 21.19 24.33 28.68 37.22 18.5 10 9 7 3 6 3 0.889 0.2 2.7 0.597 0.401 30% 1.341 0.633 1.1 0.472 2.115 4.737 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 0.729 0.73 0.303 0.35 0.999 0.245 0.717 1.45 1.448 1.399 1.402 1.509 1.734 2.067 2.529 3.436 0.678 0.709 0.279 0.313 7.069 4.135 0.19 0.324 98.97 57.89 1.341 0.109 0.972 2.7 1 0.788 0.812 1.178 0.891 0.825 1.09 23.56 17.83 0.0267 9.265 8.213 1.869 2.109 0.999 0.717 0.514 0.245 1.94 1.425 Adjusted Level of Significance (β) Approximate Chi Square Value (17.83, α)Adjusted Chi Square Value (17.83, β) 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 0.515 0.701 1.554 2.108 2.647 3.87 17.32 15.82 1.644 1.8 0.835 0.838 0.255 0.28 1.087 -0.0574 0.66 0.547 1.469 1.445 1.538 1.681 1.665 -0.328 0.72 0.89 2.882 0.304 2.518 0.89 2.882 0.304 0.999 -0.357 0.758 1.017 1.438 3.398 1.448 Adjusted Chi Square Value (28.50, β)Approximate Chi Square Value (28.50, α) 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 10 9 6 4 6 3 0.91 0.2 2.3 0.597 0.253 40% 1.577 0.503 1.6 0.319 0.129 -0.78 0.41 0.336 0.976 0.713 0.171 0.373 1.026 0.264 0.762 1.44 1.51 1.435 1.46 1.4 1.818 2.177 2.676 3.654 0.208 0.698 0.21 0.332 11.21 5.718 0.141 0.276 134.6 68.61 1.577 0.205 1.099 2.3 1.055 0.727 0.661 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 0.523 0.715 42 30.73 0.0267 19.07 17.49 1.77 1.93 1.026 0.762 0.581 0.264 1.811 1.334 36.21 26.68 0.567 0.769 1.607 2.2 2.781 4.101 15.91 14.48 1.721 1.891 0.97 0.826 0.202 0.298 1.191 0.0482 0.624 0.535 1.553 1.511 1.534 1.621 1.815 -0.398 0.672 1.017 3.139 0.352 3.269 1.017 3.139 0.352 1.016 -0.496 0.817 1.237 1.49 5.791 Adjusted Level of Significance (β) Approximate Chi Square Value (30.73, α)Adjusted Chi Square Value (30.73, β) Adjusted Chi Square Value (26.68, β)Approximate Chi Square Value (26.68, α) 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1.51 10 9 7 3 7 2 0.6 0.2 2.5 0.597 0.498 30% 1.574 0.706 1.57 0.448 -0.274 -1.147 0.344 0.541 0.944 0.73 0.172 0.35 1.162 0.285 0.834 1.605 1.684 1.594 1.631 1.656 2.017 2.404 2.941 3.996 0.387 0.71 0.235 0.313 4.694 2.778 0.335 0.567 65.72 38.89 1.574 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 0.0232 1.155 2.5 1.125 0.89 0.771 1.024 0.783 1.128 1.474 20.48 15.67 0.0267 7.728 6.781 2.342 2.669 1.162 0.834 0.695 0.285 1.941 1.426 38.83 28.51 0.599 0.815 1.808 2.452 3.079 4.5 17.33 15.83 1.912 2.093 0.887 0.838 0.26 0.28 1.219 -0.0456 0.813 0.772 1.69 1.63 1.637 1.717 2.551 -0.242 0.785 0.988 3.079 0.338 3.527 0.988 3.079 0.338 Adjusted Level of Significance (β) Approximate Chi Square Value (15.67, α)Adjusted Chi Square Value (15.67, β) Adjusted Chi Square Value (28.51, β)Approximate Chi Square Value (28.51, α) 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 0.893 1.224 1.67 6.487 1.684 10 10 9 1 9 1 0.4 0.2 17 0.2 27.95 10% 7.434 5.287 6.4 0.711 0.516 -0.455 1.633 1.124 0.942 0.764 0.193 0.316 6.711 1.745 5.203 9.471 9.91 9.31 9.582 10.25 11.95 14.32 17.61 24.08 0.342 0.735 0.187 0.284 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390 1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1399 1400 1401 1402 1403 1.484 1.064 5.008 6.989 26.72 19.15 7.434 0.01 6.692 17 5.15 5.51 0.823 0.68 0.543 9.836 12.33 13.61 10.86 0.0267 4.485 3.799 16.2 19.13 6.711 5.203 27.07 1.745 1.664 1.231 33.27 24.62 4.034 5.451 10.6 14.68 18.7 27.88 14.32 12.98 11.54 12.73 0.852 0.859 0.228 0.252 6.733 1.383 5.456 1.323 9.896 9.623 9.741 10.39 51.14 Adjusted Level of Significance (β) Approximate Chi Square Value (10.86, α)Adjusted Chi Square Value (10.86, β) Adjusted Chi Square Value (24.62, β)Approximate Chi Square Value (24.62, α) 1405 1406 1407 1408 1409 1410 1411 1412 1413 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1447 1448 1449 1450 1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1.399 3.974 0.469 62.86 1.399 3.974 0.469 6.701 1.239 5.498 1.635 9.888 154.4 9.91 10 10 0 1 6.343 11 6.84 3.509 1.11 0.553 -0.431 0.925 0.781 0.19 0.304 8.377 8.007 8.352 0.709 0.735 0.224 0.27 1457 1458 1459 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464 1465 1466 1467 1468 1469 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 1480 1481 1482 1483 1484 1485 1486 1487 1488 1489 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 1498 1499 1500 1501 1502 1503 1504 1505 1506 1507 2.171 1.586 2.922 3.998 43.42 31.73 6.343 5.036 19.86 0.0267 18.24 10.14 11.03 0.794 0.869 0.24 0.241 0 1.6 2.398 0.873 16.62 12.88 15.58 19.33 26.7 8.168 7.885 8.031 8.175 7.913 8.03 9.672 11.18 13.27 17.39 8.377 10 10 1509 1510 1511 1512 1513 1514 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519 1520 1521 1522 1523 1524 1525 1526 1527 1528 1529 1530 1531 1532 1533 1534 1535 1536 1537 1538 1539 1540 1541 1542 1543 1544 1545 1546 1547 1548 1549 1550 1551 1552 1553 1554 1555 1556 1557 1558 1559 9 1 0.5 0.2 6 0.2 2.628 10% 3.176 1.621 2.9 0.511 0.293 0.405 0.985 0.716 0.963 0.764 0.21 0.316 2.878 0.571 1.703 3.754 3.925 3.751 3.817 4.021 4.591 5.367 6.445 8.561 0.416 0.727 0.194 0.281 3.094 2.137 1.026 1.486 55.69 38.46 3.176 0.379 2.896 6 2.855 1.766 0.61 1.977 1.451 1.464 1.996 39.55 29.02 1561 1562 1563 1564 1565 1566 1567 1568 1569 1570 1571 1572 1573 1574 1575 1576 1577 1578 1579 1580 1581 1582 1583 1584 1585 1586 1587 1588 1589 1590 1591 1592 1593 1594 1595 1596 1597 1598 1599 1600 1601 1602 1603 1604 1605 1606 1607 1608 1609 1610 1611 17.72 16.2 4.742 5.186 2.878 1.703 2.899 0.571 2.857 2.066 57.13 41.33 1.007 1.393 4.292 5.555 6.757 9.417 27.59 25.66 4.31 4.636 0.837 0.859 0.239 0.252 2.914 0.829 1.738 0.837 3.921 3.785 3.75 4.008 7.061 0.726 2.066 1.008 3.12 0.338 9.799 1.008 3.12 0.338 2.868 0.656 1.812 1.24 3.918 18.53 3.925 Adjusted Chi Square Value (41.33, β)Approximate Chi Square Value (41.33, α) Adjusted Level of Significance (β) Approximate Chi Square Value (29.02, α)Adjusted Chi Square Value (29.02, β) 1613 1614 1615