DRC-1999-001124 - 0901a06880acc38e

7---
Ixmnr,rrroll
Unaxrutvr (usa)
ConponATIoN
Independence Plaza, Suite 950 . 1050 Seventeenth Street . Denver, CO 80265 . 303 628 7798 (main) . 303 389 +I25 ([x)
August 25,1999
VIA FACSIMILE: 303-312-6064
VtA FIRST CLASS MAIL
Ivtr. Milt Lammering
Environmental Protection Agency
Region VIII
P.AR
999 l Sth Street
Denver, CO 80202-2466
Dear Mr. Lammering
As I recently related to you, International Uranium (USA) Corporation ("IUS.{') and the
Utah Department of Environmental Quality ("UDEQ") recently participated in a
groundwater "split sampling" program at the White Mesa Mill (the "Mill"), wherein
various monitoring wells at the Mill were sampled and then analyzed independently by
ruSA and UDEQ for a broad range of constituents, beyond what is required by IUSA's
Nuclear Regulatory Commission ("NRC") license. Results have recently been
exchanged between ruSA and UDEQ. The results showed an elevated level of
chloroform in one well at the Mill.
As a result of UDEQ's analysis, and principally because of the chloroform "hit," TIDEQ
has issued a Notice of Violation and Groundwater Conective Action Order (the "Orde/')
dated August 23, 1999. A copy of this Order, along with the Utah Division of Radiation
Control's ('DRC's") cover letter and a UDEQ public notification, dated August 24, 1999,
are attached for your information. We also enclose for your records a Fact Sheet,
prepared by ruSA which contains additional pertinent information.
ruSA has met with both the UDEQ and the NRC to discuss the detection of chloroform
in Monitoring Well No. 4 ("MW-4"). ruSA has assured both agencies that it is
committed to finding out the origin of the chloroform, and, most importantly, to
preventing this chloroform from posing a risk to human health or the environment.
Ir.{r. Milt t"rnrnerinf
August 25,1999
Page2 of3
Regarding the issue of public health and safety, although the chloroform is present in
lvlw-4, there are no users of the water from this groundwater zone downgradient of our
site; therefore, although it is a matter of concern to IUSA that the chloroform is present,
there is no danger to human health or the environment posed by this chloroform at this
time. The chloroform was detected in a shallow perched groundwater zone approximately
150 feet below the surface. The regional aquifer is located approximately 1200 feet
below this perched zone, separated by low permeability formations.
ruSA is currently assessing this issue, and gathering the data necessary to determine
appropriate measures to prevent migration of the chloroform downgradient of MW-4.
Possible sources of the chloroform contamination that we are investigating include well
tampering, past practices at the site by other operations, off-site practices, and past
operational or disposal practices at the Mill unrelated to the tailings impoundments.
IUSA's independent consultants have ruled out seepage from the Mill's tailings
impoundments as the source of the chloroform. The chemistry of the water in the
monitoring wells adjacent to, upgradient ol and downgradient of the tailings
impoundments has not changed, as would be the case if the tailings cells were leaking.
At this time, we believe that the most likely sources are either tampering with the well or
seepage from a septic leach field just north of the monitoring well in question. In the late
1970's, prior to the Mill's construction, a temporary lab facility associated with a
uranium ore buying program, which utilized chloroform, disposed of its liquid w:rste
through this leach field. This design and process were approved at the time by the Utah
Division of Health, the predecessor of the IIDEQ.
In addition to noting that chloroform was detected, the DRC's cover letter transmiuing
the Order also refers to various other constituents or parameters, such as gross alpha,
natural uranium, selenium etc., which appearto be in excess of certain State health based
standards.
We believe that a careful review of the data previously provided by ruSA to UDEQ over
the past several years will demonstrate to UDEQ that the detection levels of these
constituents are consistent with background resulting from either monitoring results from
up to l9 years of data collection or with background measurements from upgradient, oF
site wells in the area. We believe that upon a review of the data, UDEQ will agree with
the NRC's conclusion that the elevated levels of these parameters are merely pre-existing
natural conditions and are not caused by activities at the Mill.
Mr. Milt t".*.rip
August 25,1999
Page 3 of3
I hopethis letter addresses any concerns you may have relating to this matter. If you have
any further questions please give me a call at 303-389-4131, or contact David
Frydenlund, IUSA's Vice President and General Counsel, at 303-389-4130.
I Sincerelv-n/^_A*W
Michelle R. Rehmann
Environmental Manager
Enclosure
cc: Terry Brown, EPA
William J. Sinclair, UDEQ
Don A. Ostler, UDEQ
IrrsnxrrronO
Unaxruu (use;
Conponartor.l
lndependence Plaza, Suite 950 . 1050 Seventeenth Street . Denver, CO 80265 . 303 628 7798 (main) . 303 389 -1125 (frr"r)
Senator Mike Dmitrich
566 Dover Circle
Price, UT 84501
Dear Mike:
August 25,1999
As I recently discussed with you, International Uranium (USA) Corporation ('IUSA')
and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality (*UDEQ") recently participated in a
groundwater "split sampling" program at the White Mesa Mill (the "Milf'), wherein
various monitoring wells at the Mill were sampled and then analyzed independently by
ruSA and UDEQ for a broad range of constituents, beyond what is required by IUSA's
Nuclear Regulatory Commission ("NRC") license. Results have recently been
exchanged between ruSA and UDEQ. The results showed an elevated level of
chloroform in one well at the Mill.
As a result of UDEQ's analysis, and principally because of the chloroform "hit," UDEQ
has issued a Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order (the "Order")
dated August 23,1999. A copy of this Order, along with the Utah Division of Radiation
Control's ("DRC's") cover letter and a UDEQ public notification, dated August 24,1999,
are attached for your information. We also enclose for your records a Fact Sheet,
prepared by ruSA which contains additional pertinent information.
ruSA has met with both the UDEQ and the NRC to discuss the detection of chloroform
in Monitoring Well No. 4 ("lv[\il-4"). ruSA has assured both agencies that it is
committed to finding out the origin of the chlorofornr, and, most importantly, to
preventing this chloroform from posing a risk to human health or the environment.
Regarding the issue of public health and safety, although the chloroform is present in
MW-4, there are no users of the water from this groundwater zone downgradient of our
site; therefore, although it is a matter of concern to ruSA that the chloroform is present,
there is no danger to human health or the environment posed by this chloroform at this
time. The chloroform was detected in a shallow perched groundwater zone approximately
150 feet below the surface. The regional aquifer is located approximately 1200 feet
below this perched zone, separated by low permeability formations.
ruSA is currently assessing this issue, and gathering the data necessary to determine
appropriate measures to prevent migration of the chloroform downgradient of MW-4.
Senator Mike Dmitrich
August 25,1999
Page2 of 2
Possible sources of the chloroform contamination that we are investigating include well
tampering, past practices at the site by other operations, off-site practices, and past
operational or disposal practices at the Mill unrelated to the tailings impoundments.
IUSA's independent consultants have ruled out seepage from the Mill's tailings
impoundments as the source of the chloroform. The chemistry of the water in the
monitoring wells adjacent to, upgradient ot, and downgradient of the tailings
impoundments has not changed, as would be the case if the tailings cells were leaking.
At this time, we believe that the most likely sources are either tampering with the well or
seepage from a septic leach field just north of the monitoring well in question. In the late
1970's, prior to the Mill's construction, a temporary lab facility associated with a
uranium ore buying program, which utilized chlorofonn, disposed of its liquid waste
through this leach field. This design and process were approved at the time by the Utah
Division of Health, the predecessor of the UDEQ.
In addition to noting that chloroform was detected, the DRC's cover letter transmitting
the Order also refers to various other constituents or parameters, such as gross alpha,
natural uranium, selenium etc., which appear to be in excess of certain State health based
standards.
We believe that a careful review of the data previously provided by ruSA to UDEQ over
the past several years will demonstrate to UDEQ that the detection levels of these
constituents are consistent with background resulting from either monitoring results from
up to 19 years of data collection or with background measurements from upgradient, off-
site wells in the area. We believe that upon a review of the data, UDEQ will agree with
the NRC's conclusion that the elevated levels of these parameters are merely pre-existing
natural conditions and are not caused by activities at the Mill.
I hope this letter addresses any concerns you may have relating to this matter. If you have
any further questions please give me a call at 303-389-4150, or contact David
Frydenlund, IUSA's Vice President and General Counsel, at 303-389-4130.
President and Chief Executive Offrcer
William J Sinclair, UDEQ
Don A. Ostler, UDEQ
Irrsnr,lrrorf
Unaxruna (usn)
ConponATroN
Independence Plaza, Suite 950 o 1050 Seventeenth Street r Denver, CO 80265 o 303 628 7798 (main) . 303 389 4125 (fax)
August 25,1999
Representative Keele Johnson
732 North 300 West #34-5
Blanding, UT 8451I
Dear Keele:
As I recently discussed with you, International Uranium (USA) Corporation ("IUSA')
and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality ("UDEQ") recently participated in a
groundwater "split sampling" program at the White Mesa Mill (the "Milf'), wherein
various monitoring wells at the Mill were sampled and then analyzed independently by
ruSA and UDEQ for a broad range of constituents, beyond what is required by IUSA's
Nuclear Regulatory Commission ("NRC") license. Results have recently been
exchanged between ruSA and UDEQ. The results showed an elevated level of
chloroform in one well at the Mill.
As a result of UDEQ's analysis, and principally because of the chloroform "hit," UDEQ
has issued a Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order (the "Orde/')
dated August 23,1999. A copy of this Order, along with the Utah Division of Radiation
Control's ("DRC's") cover letter and a UDEQ public notification, dated August 24,1999,
are attached for your information. We also enclose for your records a Fact Sheet,
prepared by ruSA which contains additional pertinent information.
ruSA has met with both the UDEQ and the NRC to discuss the detection of chloroform
in Monitoring Well No. 4 ("MW-4"). ruSA has assured both agencies that it is
committed to finding out the origin of the chloroform, and, most importantly, to
preventing this chloroform from posing a risk to human health or the environment.
Regarding the issue of public health and safety, although the chloroform is present in
MW-4, there are no users of the water from this groundwater zone downgradient of our
site, therefore, although it is a matter of concern to ruSA that the chloroform is present,
there is no danger to human health or the environment posed by this chloroform at this
time. The chloroform was detected in a shallow perched groundwater zone approximately
150 feet below the surface. The regional aquifer is located approximately 1200 feet
below this perched zone, separated by low permeability formations.
ruSA is currently assessing this issue, and gathering the data necessary to determine
appropriate measures to prevent migration of the chloroform downgradient of MW-4.
Representatiu. x."t"?nn ron
August 25,1999
Page2 of2
Possible sources of the chloroform contamination that we are investigating include well
tampering, past practices at the site by other operations, off-site practices, and past
operational or disposal practices at the Mill unrelated to the tailings impoundments.
IUSA's independent consultants have ruled out seepage from the Mill's tailings
impoundments as the source of the chloroform. The chemistry of the water in the
monitoring wells adjacent to, upgradient ot, and downgradient of the tailings
impoundments has not changed, as would be the case if the tailings cells were leaking.
At this time, we believe that the most likely sources are either tampering with the well or
seepage from a septic leach field just north of the monitoring well in question. In the late
1970's, prior to the Mill's construction, a temporary lab facility associated with a
uranium ore buying progranL which utilized chlorofornr" disposed of its liquid waste
through this leach field. This design and process were approved at the time by the Utah
Division of Health, the predecessor of the UDEQ.
In addition to noting that chloroform was detected, the DRC's cover letter transmitting
the Order also refers to various other constituents or parameters, such as gross alphq
natural uranium, selenium etc., which appear to be in excess of certain State health based
standards.
We believe that a careful review of the data previously provided by IUSA to UDEQ over'
the past several years will demonstrate to UDEQ that the detection levels of these
constituents are consistent with background resulting from either monitoring results from
up to 19 years of data collection or with background measurements from upgradient, off-
site wells in the area. We believe that upon a review of the data" UDEQ will agree with
the NRC's conclusion that the elevated levels of these parameters are merely pre-existing
natural conditions and are not caused by activities at the Mill.
I hope this letter addresses any concerns you may have relating to this matter. If you have
any further questions please give me a call at 303-389-4150, or contact David
Frydenlund, IUSA's Vice President and General Counsel, at 303-389-4130.
President and Chief Executive Ofticer
William J Sinclaiq UDEQ
Don A. Ostleq UDEQ
EarlE. Hoellen
cc:
Isrrnr.,rrroxf
URaxrurvr (usa)
ConponATloN
lndependencePlaza,suiteg50.1050seventeenthStreet. Denver,CO80265.3036287798(main) .303:189{125tfax)
August 25,1999
Offrce of Congressman Christopher Cannon
Mr. Keith Nash
51 South University Avenue
Suite 317
Provo, UT 84606
Dear Keith:
As I recently discussed with you, International Uranium (USA) Corporation ('IUSA')
and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality ("UDEQ") recently participated in a
groundwater "split sampling" program at the White Mesa Mill (the *Milf'), wherein
various monitoring wells at the Mill were sampled and then analyzed independently by
ruSA and UDEQ for a broad range of constituents, beyond what is required by IUSA's
Nuclear Regulatory Commission ("NRC") license. Results have recently been
exchanged between ruSA and UDEQ. The results showed an elevated level of.
chloroform in one well at the Mill.
As a result of UDEQ's analysis, and principally because of the chloroform "hit," IJDEQ
has issued a Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order (the "Order")
dated August 23,1999. A copy of this Order, along with the Utah Division of Radiation
Control's (*DRC'S") cover letter and a UDEQ public notification, dated August 24,1999,
are attached for your information. We also enclose for your records a Fact Sheet,
prepared by IUSA which contains additional pertinent information.
IUSA has met with both the UDEQ and the NRC to discuss the detection of chloroform
in Monitoring Well No. 4 ("MW-4"). ruSA has assured both agencies that it is
committed to finding out the origin of the chloroform, and, most importantly, to
preventing this chloroform from posing a risk to human health or the environment.
Regarding the issue of public health and safety, although the chloroform is present in
MW-4, there are no users of the water from this groundwater zone downgradient of our
site; therefore, although it is a matter of concern to IUSA that the chloroform is present,
there is no danger to human health or the environment posed by this chloroform at this
time. The chloroform was detected in a shallow perched groundwater zone approximately
150 feet below the surface. The regional aquifer is located approximately 1200 feet
below this perched zone, separated by low permeability formations.
ruSA is currently assessing this issue, and gathering the data necessary to determine
appropriate measures to prevent migration of the chloroform downgradient of MW-4.
Mr. Keith Nash
August 25,1999
Page 2 of 2
Possible sources of the chloroform contamination that we are investigating include well
tampering, past practices at the site by other operations, off-site practices, and past
operational or disposal practices at the Mill unrelated to the tailings impoundments.
IUSA's independent consultants have ruled out seepage from the Mill's tailings
impoundments as the source of the chloroform. The chemistry of the water in the
monitoring wells adjacent to, upgradient ol and downgradient of the tailings
impoundments has not changed, as would be the case if the tailings cells were leaking.
At this time, we believe that the most likely sources are either tampering with the well or
seepage from a septic leach field just north of the monitoring well in question. In the late
1970's, prior to the Mill's construction, a temporary lab facility associated with a
uranium ore buying progran\ which utilized chlorofonrL disposed of its liquid waste
through this leach field. This design and process were approved at the time by the Utah
Division of Health, the predecessor of the UDEQ.
In addition to noting that chloroform was detected, the DRC's cover letter transmitting
the Order also refers to various other constituents or parameters, such as gross alpha,
natural uranium, selenium etc., which appear to be in excess of certain State health based
standards.
We believe that a careful review of the data previously provided by ruSA to UDEQ over
the past several years will demonstrate to UDEQ that the detection levels of these
constituents are consistent with background resulting from either monitoring results from
up to 19 years of data collection or with background measurements from upgradient, off-
site wells in the area. We believe that upon a review of the data, UDEQ will agree with
the NRC's conclusion that the elevated levels of these parameters are merely pre-existing
natural conditions and are not caused by activities at the Mill.
I hope this letter addresses any concerns you may have relating to this matter. If you have
any further questions please give me a call at 303-389-4150, or contact David
Frydenlund, IUSA's Vice President and General Counsel, at 303-389-4130.
Cordially,
E. Hoel
President Chief Executive Officer
William J Sinclaiq UDEQ
Don A. Ostler, UDEQ
cc:
lxrgnxerronl
UnaNluvr (usn)
Conponauox
IndependencePlaza,Suite950 o 1050SeventeenthStreet. Denver,CO80265 o 3036287798(main) o 3033894125(fax)
August 25,1999
Office of Senator Orrin Hatch
Mr. J.J. Brown
131 Russell Senate Office Building
Washingtor\ DC 20510
Dear Mr. Brown:
International Uranium (USA) Corporation ("IUSA") and the Utah Department of
Environmental Quality ("UDEQ") recently participated in a groundwater "split
sampling" program at the White Mesa Mill (the *Milf'), wherein various monitoring
wells at the Mill were sampled and then analyzed independently by IUSA and UDEQ for
a broad range of constituents, beyond what is required by IUSA's Nuclear Regulatory
Commission ("NRC") license. Results have recently been exchanged between IUSA and
UDEQ. The results showed an elevated level of chloroform in one well at the Mill.
As a result of UDEQ's analysis, and principally because of the chloroform "hit," t DEQ
has issued a Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order (the "Order")
dated August 23, 1999. A copy of this Order, along with the Utah Division of Radiation
Control's ("DRC's") cover letter and a UDEQ public notification, dated August 24,1999,
are attached for your information. We also enclose for your records a Fact Sheet,
prepared by IUSA which contains additional pertinent information.
ruSA has met with both the UDEQ and the NRC to discuss the detection of chloroform
in Monitoring Well No. 4 ("N V-4"). ruSA has assured both agencies that it is
committed to finding out the origin of the chloroform, and, most importantly, to
preventing this chloroform from posing a risk to human health or the environment.
Regarding the issue of public health and safety, although the chloroform is present in
MW-4, there are no users of the water from this groundwater zone downgradient of our
site; therefore, although it is a matter of concern to ruSA that the chloroform is present,
there is no danger to human health or the environment posed by this chloroform at this
time. The chloroform was detected in a shallow perched groundwater zone approximately
150 feet below the surface. The regional aquifer is located approximately 1200 feet
below this perched zone, separated by low permeability formations.
ruSA is currently assessing this issue, and gathering the data necessary to determine
appropriate measures to prevent migration of the chloroform downgradient ofMW-4.
Mr. J.J. Brown
August 25,1999
Page2 of 2
Possible sources of the chloroform contamination that we are investigating include well
tampering, past practices at the site by other operations, off-site practices, and past
operational or disposal practices at the Mill unrelated to the tailings impoundments.
IUSA's independent consultants have ruled out seepage from the Mill's tailings
impoundments as the source of the chloroform. The chemistry of the water in the
monitoring wells adjacent to, upgradient ol and downgradient of the tailings
impoundments has not changed, as would be the case if the tailings cells were leaking.
At this time, we believe that the most likely sources are either tampering with the well or
seepage from a septic leach field just north of the monitoring well in question. In the late
1970's, prior to the Mill's construction, a temporary lab facility associated with a
uranium ore buying prograrq which utilized chloroform, disposed of its liquid waste
through this leach field. This design and process were approved at the time by the Utah
Division of Healt[ the predecessor of the UDEQ.
In addition to noting that chloroform was detected, the DRC's cover letter transmitting
the Order also refers to various other constituents or parameters, such as gross dpha,
natural uranium, selenium etc., which appear to be in excess of certain State health based
standards.
We believe that a careful review of the data previously provided by ruSA to UDEQ over'
the past several years will demonstrate to UDEQ that the detection levels of these
constituents are consistent with background resulting from either monitoring results from
up to 19 years of data collection or with background measurements from upgradient, off-
site wells in the area. We believe that upon a review of the datq UDEQ will agree with
the NRC's conclusion that the elevated levels of these parameters are merely pre-existing
natural conditions and are not caused by activities at the Mill.
I hope this letter addresses any concerns you may have relating to this matter. If you have
any further questions please give me a call at 303-3894150, or contact David
Frydenlund, IUSA's Vice President and General Counsel, at 303-389-4130.
William J Sinclair, UDEQ
Don A. Ostler, UDEQ
Cordially,
President and Chief Executive
Ixrsnxarro*O
Unaxrurr,r (usa)
ConponATroN
lndependence Plaza, Suite 950 e 1050 Seventeenth Street r Denver, CO 80265 . 303 628 7798 (main) . 303 3E9 4125 (lir-t)
August 25,1999
Office of Senator Robert Bennett
Mr. L. Shaun Parkin
431 Dirksen Senate Office Building
Washington, DC 20510
Dear Mr. Parkin:
International Uranium (USA) Corporation ("IUSA") and the Utah Department of
Environmental Quality ("UDEQ") recently participated in a groundwater "split
sampling" program at the White Mesa Mill (the "Mill"), wherein various monitoring
wells at the Mill were sampled and then analyzed independently by IUSA and UDEQ for
a broad range of constituents, beyond what is required by IUSA's Nuclear Regulatory
Commission ("NRC") license. Results have recently been exchanged between IUSA and
UDEQ. The results showed an elevated level of chloroform in one well at the Mill.
As a result of LIDEQ's analysis, and principally because of the chloroform "hit," UDEQ
has issued a Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order (the "Order")
dated August 23,1999. A copy of this Order, along with the Utah Division of Radiation
Control's ("DRC's") cover letter and a UDEQ public notification, dated August 24,1999,
are attached for your information. We also enclose for your records a Fact Sheet,
prepared by ruSd which contains additional pertinent information.
ruSA has met with both the UDEQ and the NRC to discuss the detection of chloroform
in Monitoring Well No. 4 ("MW-4"). ruSA has assured both agencies that it is
committed to finding out the origin of the chloroform, and, most importantly, to
preventing this chloroform from posing a risk to human health or the environment.
Regarding the issue of public health and safety, although the chloroform is present in
MW'4, there are no users of the water from this groundwater zone downgradient of our
site; therefore, although it is a matter of concern to ruSA that the chloroform is present,
there is no danger to human health or the environment posed by this chloroform at this
time. The chloroform was detected in a shallow perched groundwater zone approximately
150 feet below the surface. The regional aquifer is located approximately 1200 feet
below this perched zone, separated by low permeability formations.
ruSA is currently assessing this issue, and gathering the data necessary to determine
appropriate measures to prevent migration of the chloroform downgradient of MW-4.
o
nMr. L. Shaun L. Parki
August 25,1999
Page2 of2
Possible sources of the chloroform contamination that we are investigating include well
tampering, past practices at the site by other operations, oGsite practices, and past
operational or disposal practices at the Mill unrelated to the tailings impoundments.
IUSA's independent consultants have ruled out seepage from the Mill's tailings
impoundments as the source of the chloroform. The chemistry of the water in the
monitoring wells adjacent to, upgradient ol and downgradient of the tailings
impoundments has not changed, as would be the case if the tailings cells were leaking.
At this time, we believe that the most likely sources are either tampering with the well or
seepage from a septic leach field just north of the monitoring well in question. In the late
1970's, prior to the Mill's construction, a temporary lab facility associated with a
uranium ore buying program, which utilized chloroform, disposed of its liquid waste
through this leach field. This design and process were approved at the time by the Utah
Division of Healttu the predecessor of the UDEQ.
In addition to noting that chloroform was detecte{ the DRC's cover letter transmitting
the Order also refers to various other constituents or parameters, such as gross alpha,
natural uranium, selenium etc., which appear to be in excess of certain State health based
standards.
We believe that a careful review of the data previously provided by ruSA to UDEQ over
the past several years will demonstrate to UDEQ that the detection levels of these
constituents are consistent with background resulting from either monitoring results from
up to 19 years of data collection or with background measurements from upgradient, oF
site wells in the area. We believe that upon a review of the data, UDEQ will agree with
the NRC's conclusion that the elevated levels of these parameters are merely pre-existing
natural conditions and are not caused by activities at the Mill.
I hope this letter addresses any concerns you may have relating to this matter. If you have
any further questions please give me a call at 303-389-4150, or contact David
Frydenlund, IUSA's Vice President and General Counsel, at 303-389-4130.
President and Chief Executive Ofticer
William f Sinclair, UDEQ
Don A. Ostler, UDEQ
Cordially,
Isrsnx.rtrorO
Unexrulu't (usA)
ConporulrtoN
lndependencePlaza,Suite950r1050SeventeenthStreetoDenver,CO80265.3036287798(main) o303389{125t[x)
August 25,1999
Via Fax: (43$ 587-2447
Orieinal Resular Mail
Mr. Bill Redd
San Juan County Commissioners
P.O. Box 9
Monticello, Utah 84535
Dear Commissioner Redd:
International Uranium (USA) Corporation ("IUSA') and the Utatr Departrnent of Environmental
Quality ("UDEQ') recently participated in a groundwater "split samplin!" progrcm at the White
Mesa Mill (the "Mill"), wherein various monitoring wells at the Mill were sampled and then
analyzed independently by IUSA and UDEQ for a broad ftmge of constituents, beyond what is
required by IUSA's Nuclear Regulatory Commission ("NRC") license. Results have recently
been exchanged between IUSA and UDEQ. The results showed an elevated level of chloroform
in one well at the Mill.
As a result of UDEQ's analysis, and principally because of the chloroform "hit," UDEQ has
issued a Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order (the "Order") dated
August 23, 1999. A copy of this Order, along with the Utatr Division of Radiation Contol's
("DRC's") cover letter and a UDEQ public notification, dated August 24,1999, are attached for
your information. We also enclose for your records a Fact Sheet, prepared by IUSA, which
contains additional pertinent information.
IUSA has met with both the UDEQ and the NRC to discuss the detection of chloroform in
Monitoring Well No. 4 (*MW4"). IUSA has assured both agencies that it is committed to
finding out the origin of the chloroform, and, most importantly, to preventing this chloroform
from posing a risk to human health or the environment.
Regarding the issue of public health and safety, although the chloroform is present in MW-4,
there are no users of the water from this groundwater zone downgradient of our site; therefore,
although it is a matter of concern to IUSA that the chloroform is present, there is no danger to
human health or the environment posed by this chloroform at this time. The chloroform was
detected in a shallow perched groundwater zone approximately 150 feet below the surface. The
regional aquifer is located approximately 1200 feet below this perched zone, separated by low
permeability formations.
!Ir. Bill Redd
August 25, 1999
Page 2 of2
IUSA is currently assessing this issue, and gathering the data necessary to determine appropriate
measures to prevent migration of the chloroform downgradient of MW-4.
Possible sources of the chloroform contamination that we rue investigating include well
tampering, past practices at the site by other operations, off-site practices, and past operational or
disposal practices at the Mill unrelated to the tailings impoundments.
IUSA's independent consultants have ruled out seepage from the Mill's tailings impoundments
as the source of the chloroform. The chemistry of the water in the monitoring wells adjacent to,
upgradient of, and downgradient of the tailings impoundments has not changed, as would be the
case if the tailings cells were leaking.
At this time, we believe that the most likely sources are either tampering with the well or
seepage from a sepic leach field just north of the monitoring well in question. In the late 1970's,
prior to the Mill's constnrction, a temporary lab facility associated with a tranium orc buying
progftrm, which utilized chloroform, disposed of its liquid waste through this leach field. This
design and process were approved at the time by the Utah Division of Healttu the predecessor of
the UDEQ.
In addition to noting that chloroform was detected, the DRC's cover letter transmiuing the Order
also refers to various other constituents or parameters, such as gross alpha, natural uranium,
selenium etc., which appear to be in excess of certain State health based standards.
We believe that a careful review of the data previously provided by IUSA to UDEQ over the
past several years will demonstrate to UDEQ that the detection levels of these constifirents are
consistent with background resulting from either monitoring results from up to 19 years of data
collection or with background measurements from upgradient, off-site wells in the area. We
believe that upon a review of the dat4 UDEQ will agree with the NRC's conclusion that the
elevated levels of these paf,arneters are merely pre-existing nattual conditions and are not caused
by activities at the Mill.
I hope this letter addresses any concems you may have relating to this matter. If you have any
furttrer questions please give me a call at 303-389-4160, or contact David Frydenlund, IUSA's
Vice President and Creneral Counsel, at 303-3894130.
Harold R. Roberts
Executive Vice President
William J. Sinclair, UDEQ
Don A. Ostler, UDEQ
t
Irre nsrrrof
UneNtulvt (usn)
Conronauou
Independence Plaz.a, Suite 950 o 1050 Seventeenth Street o Denver, CO 80265 r 303 628 7798 (main) o 303 389 4125 ttrxt
August 25,1999
Via Fax: (43$ 578-3312
Orisinal Resular Mail
Mr. Chris Webb
City of Blanding
50 West 100 South
Blanding, Utatt 84511
Dear Mr. Webb:
As I recently discussed with you, International Uranium (USA) Corporation ("IUSA") and the
Utatr Departrnent of Environmental Quality ("UDEQ) recently particifated in a groundwater
"split sampling" program at the White Mesa Mill (the "Milf), whercin various monitoring wells
at the Mill were sampled and then analyzed independently by IUSA and UDEQ for a broad rarige
of constituents, beyond what is required by IUSA's Nuclear Regulatory Commission ('NRC")
license. Results have recently been exchanged between IUSA and UDEQ. The results showed
an elevated level of chloroform in one well at the Mill.
As a result of UDEQ's analysis, and principally because of the chloroform "hit," UDEQ has
issued a Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order (the "Order") dated
August 23, 1999. A copy of this Order, along with the Utatr Division of Radiation Control's
("DRC's") cover letter and a UDEQ public notification, dated August 24,1999, are attached for
yotu information. We also enclose for yor.r records a Fact Sheet, prepared by IUSA, which
contains additional pertinent inforrration.
IUSA has met with both the UDEQ and the NRC to discuss the detection of chloroform in
Monitoring Well No. 4 ("MW-4'). IUSA has assured both agencies that it is committed to
finding out the origrn of the chlorofomr, and, most importantly, to preventing this chloroform
from posing a risk to human health or the environment.
Regarding the issue of public health and safety, although the chloroform is present in MW4,
there are no users of the water from this groundwater zone downgradient of our site; therefore,
although it is a matter of concern to IUSA that the chloroform is present there is no danger to
human health or the environment posed by this chlorofonn at this time. The chloroform was
detected in a shallow perched gloundwater zone approximately 150 feet below the surface. The
regional aquifer is located approximately 1200 feet below this perched zone, separated by low
permeabil ity formations.
lv{r. Chris W'ebb
August 25, 1999
Page 2 of 2
IUSA is currently assessing this issue, and gathering the data necessary to determine appropriate
measures to prevent migration of the chloroform downgradient of MW-4.
Possible sources of the chloroform contamination that we .ue investigating include well
tampering, past practices at the site by other operations, oFsite practices, and past operational or
disposal practices at the Mill unrelated to the tailings impoundments.
IUSA's independent consultants have ruled out seepage from the Mill's tailings impoundments
as the source of the chloroform. The chemistry of the water in the monitoring wells adjacent to,
upgradient of, and downgradient of the tailings impotrndments has not changed, as would be the
case if the tailings cells were leaking.
At this time, we believe that the most likely sources are either tampering with the well or
seepage from a septic leach field just north of the monitoring well in question. In the late 1970's,
prior to the Mill's constnrctiorL a temporary lab facility associated with a uranium orc buying
program, which utilized chloroform, disposed of its liquid waste through this leach field. This
design and process were approved at the time by the Utah Division of Healttu the predecessor of
the UDEQ.
In addition to noting that chloroform was detected, the DRC's cover lette.r transmitting the Order
also refers to various other constituents or parameters, such as gross alpha natural uranitrm,
selenium etc., which appear to be in excess of certain State health based standards.
We believe that a careful review of the data previously provided by IUSA to UDEQ over the
past several years will demonstrate to UDEQ that the detection levels of these constituents are
consistent with background resulting from either monitoring results from up to 19 years of data
collection or with background measurements from upgradient off-site wells in the area. We
believe that upon a review of the dat4 UDEQ will agree with the NRC's conclusion that the
elevated levels of these parameters are merely pre-existing nanral conditions and are not caused
by activities at the Mill.
I hope this letter addresses any coocerns you may have relating to this matter. If you have any
further questions please give me a call at 303-389-4160, or contact David Frydenlund, IUSA's
Vice President and General Counsel, at 303-3894130.
Very trdy yor,rrs,
x/*z<z.
/HaroldR. Roberts
Executive Vice President
HRR:pl
cc: William J. Sinclair, UDEQ
Don A. Ostler, UDEQ
DEP,\Rtlir oF ENn'rR(i\w\T {t ot'Al-tO
DTVISIOI\i OF RADIATION (.ON].ROL
l(rt N6lh t9J0 W6l
P.O.8(lI 144[.10
Sdr trlc Ciry. UrE t tt4l l4-4lt5o
(801) 136.42S0(l0l) t31-10e7 Prr
(tot)s164414rDD.
vvw.dal. strto.r{.us \l/cb
August 23, 1999
Mr. David Frydcnlund
Vice President and General Counscl
Intcrnational Uranium Corporation
ln&pcndcncc Plaza, Suitc 95O
1050 lTth Sttcct
Deovcr. CO 80265
Rs: Whito Mcsu tlranium Mill: Noticc of Violatirln und Groundwatcr Couectivc Action Onlcr,
Drket No.IIGW20-01.
Dear Mr. Frydcnlund
Tnmsmittcd hcrcwith is a Noticc of Violution (NOV) nnd Ordcr, Dockct No. LIGW2G0I fronr ihc
Litah Watcr Quality Board rcgzrnling groundwatcr contamination reccntly discovcrcd on the White
Mcsa urunium mill sirc ncar Blanding, Lltuh. This Order is bascd on rcsulls of groundwater
monitoring conductcd in conjunction with thc lnternational Llranium Coqxration (lUC) during Muy,
1999. Duc to tho elevard contaminant conccntrations found in thssc groundwatcr samples, we ftnd
it necrcssary to procecd with a formal cnf<rrcernent action in ordcr to Pursue r satisfactory rcsrlution
of this msttcr.
ln addition !o thc cNoroform disrovcred in IUC nronitoring wcll MW-4. four (4) othcr prllutants
havc trccn idcntificd in thc wells sauplcd which uppcru to hc iu cxcoss of Statc hcalth bascd
groundwutcr stundands, including: grcns alpha [MW-z, MW-3,IvfW-4, MW-12, MW-14, MW-15,
N[\il-17, MW-18, and Mlil-|9], nitruc + nirritc (N) t]vfl-4], mrnganesc [MW-1, MW-3, MW-4,
MW- l l, lvfw- 14, !v{\t- 15, MW- 17, and MW- | 81, selenrum [MW- l5], anrl total uraniunt [MW-3,
MW.4, MW- 14, MW- 15. Itf\ l- I 7, MW- | 8, and MW- I 91. Thrcc (3) othcr ptcntid indicators of
groundwatcr pollution wcre also found in qrnsentrations bclow State hcalth bascd gmundwatcr
standards, ammonia, imn, ond tetrahydrofuran. Wc ruprert that you includc ull of thcsc
contaminunts in thc Gmundwucr Contaminant lnvcstigution mmdatcd by the attrehcd ordcr.
Ml( lta'l O Lrxvlll
'ln'fffil)inrrc ll Nrckon. Ph l)
9141'ux6 Dll(tld
Willrln J StnclrirDrntrr
sr
t
!
Mr. David FrYdenlund
August 23, 1999
Page 2
We urge you to direct your immedirtc uttention to this matter. If you huve uny qucstions on this
NOV indOnlcr, please contact Ioren Morton al (801) 5364250'
,Sinccrely,
mzL
WJS/LBM:lm
attachmcnt
Diannc Niclson, DEQ (w/atnch.)
Dnn Ostlcr, DWQ ldutrh.)
loren Monon, DRCI (dattach.)
David Cuoningham, SE District Hcolth tbpt. (w/unrch.)
Davc Atrioti, DEQ. SE Disuict (w/attrh.)
Frcd Nclsrn,Iltah Asst. Attorney Gencral (Wanach.)
Terry Brrwn, EPA Region Vlll (w/nuach.)
Milt l.cmmering, EPA Regioo VIII (w/attach.)
John Sutnpicr, NRC Wa*hingon, D.C. (drttach.)
Bill von Till. hlRC - \l/ushington,l).(1. (dottach.)
Churles Hackncy, NRC Rcgion lV
F:\-..IUC\gurcm.lrw
Filc: tntcrnrrionrl Llnnium Corpunrtirn. tirulrdwrrcr Cxnecrirc Adiqt Ordct
UTAH WATER QUALITY BOA
o
RD
IN THE MATTER OF
Internationel Urrnium Corporation
Whlte Mesa Uranlum Mlll
DOCKET NUMBER UGW2O.OI
NOTICE OF VIOIJ\TION
AND ORDER
STATUTORY AUTHORIIY
THI: UTAH WATER QUALITY BOARD (hcrcinaficr "BOAlllf') issucs this Noticc of Violation
anrl Or&r unclcr the UtahWaur Quality Act, inctuding Scctions l9'5'105, l9-5-lU\ l9-5-l I I and
tg.s-t t5, lltah Cule Annouted, and in accordancc with the lltah Adminisrative Proccdures Act,
Scctions 63-46b-1, et scq.
[.ACIS
l. tnrernarional Ursnium (LISA) Corponrtion (hcrcinalter IUC) opcratcs a uranium mill frcility
and tailings dispoeal ponds on Whitc Mcsa locatcd ncar Blanding, Utatr in Scctions 2t und
33. Townthip 37 South, Range 22 F,ust. SLBM.
2. Lltah Codc Annotatcd (tlCA) l9-5-102(t0) statcs: ""Pollution" trrcans any man-made or
mnn-indrped altcnrtion of thc chcmical, physical, biotogical, or radiological intcgrity of any
waters of the statc, unlcas thc alrcration is ncccssary for thc public h€alth and safety." ..'
3. UCA l9-5-102(18) dcfincs "Wdrr-r of thc statc" as: "... all strcaos,latcs, ponds, marshcs,
wutercounicri. wrterways, wettt, springs, irrigation systcrns, drainagc s)stotrLst and all othcr
txrdics or rccumulations of wltcr, surfacc and undcrgound, natural or artificial, public or
private, which are contarncd withio, flow ttrrough, ur bordcr uprn this stalc or Eny poruon
of the statc ..."
4. Lltah Gdc Annotatcd (UCA) l9-5-Itr (l)(a) state.s: "Ercqrt es pruvidal in this chapcr or
rules madc uodcr it, it is unlawful firr any pcr$on to dischargc a pollunnt into watqt of ttrc
state (rr t(, saur€ pollution which coostitutcs o menaoc to prblic hcElth and *elfarc, or is
harnrful o wildlifc fish or aquatic lifo, or impain dorncstic, agricultural, indusEial,
rccrcatiood. or other bcneficial uscs of wrtcr. or to placc or cau€ to be plrced tny wastcs
in a ltration wherc ttrcre is probablc causo to helieve it will cEusc pollution."
5. ln mrdrocs with Utatr Administrativc Codc (LIAC) R3l7-G6.15(CXl): "The Exccutivc
Sccrctary may rcr;uire a pcson thar is subjcct to R3l7-G6.15 to *ubmit for thc Exccutivc
Sccrctary't rypmval e (lontamination Invcstigution and Conectivc Acuon Plan, and may
rcquirc implemcntation of an approvcd Corrective Action Plao..."
Notice of Violation and Order
International Uranium Corporation
Utah Watcr Quality Board
Dcrcket No. UGW20-01
Pagc 2
t.
}.INDINGS
On May 11 and 12, 1999 thc Utah Departnrent of Environnrcntal Quality (hercaftcr DEQI
in conjunction with IUC collqited split gnrundwater quality samplcs from monitoring wells
at the White Mesa urunium mill facility.
I-rtrcratory uralyscs by DliQ of thc groundwrter quality samplcs describcd in FINDINGS
I above indicatc that at lcast onc potlutant in thc uppennost aqulfer at the Whitc Mqsa mill
thcility cxcccds goundwatcr standards cstablishrJ by tbe Exccutivc Sccretary, us pnrvidal
in Tahle l. below:
l. Sunuuarv of Mav. 1999 DEQ Groundwatrx Sampling at Whits Mesa
Contanrinant Sernplc
Darc
ruc
Moniltring
Wcll
Dctcstcd
Conccnlraitn
('nM)
Grrurdudcr
Qnllity Stmdrrd
(m/|)
Orguric Coataniruat
Chloroforrn 5/t l/99 MW.f 1.7 o rhtu
MiI
FfifiOG:
I ) Ad.h<r Gnrndryelcr Quelity Sranrtard crrablirho<t tty thc tlrruliw Sct drty Purtulrl to UAC
Rl I ?ff. l.rG)(3) ond (l)(2).
laboratcrrry analyscs by IUC of groundwatcr samplcs dcscrihcd in FINDINGS I abovc have
confirmcd tnth the prGrscnee of chlorotbrm in IUC wcll MW-4 and cxccedance of thc
rcspcctivc grouodwatcr quality fi bn&rd.
Ba.rrd on FINDINGS l, 2, and 3 sbovc. thc Exocutivc Sccrctary has concluded that
groundwater in thc sballow Eguifcr at tlp Whits Mc.ta mill har tpr polluGd by onc or morc
sounccs of pollution at thc facility and as such IUC is subjcc{ to UAC R3l7-tr. t 5.
VIOI ^TION
IUC is in violrtion of:
l, UCA l9-5-10?(l) for di.scharging pllutants to wEtcn of tlrc StaE. cau$int groundwater
pollution which constitule$ a mcnacc to public hcdth and the cnvilorurat and impain
bcrrficid usres of wrlct, aod for placing wastc.r in a loction whcrc thcrc is probuttlc cursc
to bclicve it will crusc gmundwater pollution.
3.
4.
!,iotlce of VloleUon rnd Order
lntemational Uranium Corporation
DAO/LBM:Im
F:L--UtlC\gucs.lov
Filc: IUC Grurlwacr Canrrivc Acrirn Onlcr
Utah Watcr Qpality Boa'd
Docl.ct No. UGW20-01
Page 3
(tRDER
IUC is hercby ordered ro:
l, Submit within thirty (30) days of ruceipt of this Ordcr u plan and timetablc for conducting
a (ircundwater Contaminant Invcstigation and suhmittal of a rcport frrr Flxccutivc Secrelary
approvd, pursuant to thc pruvisions of UAC R3 l7-&6.15(pl.
Z. Submit within 3O days of lixeutivc Secr"tary notificadon lpliur and tiruahlc forsubmittal,
implementation, and cornplctioo of a (iroundwatcr Corcctive Action Plur, pursuant to the
pmvi.sions of UAC R3l7-ffi.15(D).
NOTIC.r
Any appeal of thc Notice of Violation and Onhr vill bc pursusot to Sectiln RilT-l-8 otUAC aold
Sectknu 63-6b-6 rhrough 6346b-15 of tlv UCA. If tUC contests any portirur of thc Noticc of
Violution and Onlpr. it must do sr in writing and rquest a hcaring hcforc thc Bood within firty
(30) days of thc reccipt of this Nrticc. If no rcs5nnr ald rcquest for baring is rteivpd, thc Notise
of Violation and fficr shall bc coonidcrpd final.
UCA IV-I-IJS providcs that violatos of thc Act os a rclatcd pcrmit rulc, or ordcr may bc subject
to u civil pcorlty of up to $10.(n Jrr day of violation. Undcr certain circurnrtancos of willfulncss
or tross nogligencc, violatonr may bc finod up to $25,fi)0 p€r day.
sisnat this ltrd -aayorQ* , ts/r.
Uuh Watcr Quality Bo.d
A CI,il,L
Don A.Ostlcr, P.E.
Exccutivc Sa"retary
raiilr4r'rltsk#z
UTAH DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Divisions of Radiation Control and Water Quality
Notification of Potential Groundwater Contamination Problem
August 24,1999
To Whom It May Concern:
This notification is being provided as a result of a recent joint groundwater sampling event at the
International Uranium Corporation (USA) Corporation (ruSA) White Mesa Mill near Blanding, Utah.
Representatives of ruSA and the Utah Department of Environmental Qualiry pDEQ) recently
conducted an extensive sampling of groundwater monitoring wells at the White Mesa Mill. The resulting
groundwater samples were analyzed by private laboratories under contract to IUSA and the State Health
Laboratory on behalf ofUDEQ. Results of the sampling have been received, exchanged, and reviewed
by IUSA and UDEQ.
Laboratory results indicated chloroform to be present in both ruSA and UDEQ samples in one
monitoring well above recommended health based standards for drinking water. Additional samples
submitted to another laboratory by IUSA confirm the initial results. Other contaminants, such as carbon
tetrachloride and dichloromethane were also identified in that same monitoring well, and DDT was
identified in a second monitoring well, in each case, below recommended health based standards for
groundwater. Levels of certain inorganic constituents such as selenium, nitrate, nitrite, iron, manganese,
and ammonia are currently under review by UDEQ, some or all which may be due to background
groundwater conditions at the site. Complete analytical results are available from the Division of
Radiation Control, Utah Department of Environmental Quali{ for a small handling fee.
At this time, UDEQ knows of no imminent or immediate threat to nearby sources of drinking water. The
contamination exists in a shallow, perched aquifer approximately 150 feet below the surface. Area
drinking water wells are constructed in a deeper aquifer that is approximately 1200 feet below the surface
with geologic (low permeability shale formations) and other features (upward hydraulic gradients) that
should restrict movement of the contamination.
The source of contamination has not been identified at this time. Potential sources of contamination
include tampering with the monitoring well, past practices at the site by other operations, off-site
practices, past operational or disposal practices at the facility unrelated to the tailings impoundment or
leakage from the tailings impoundments. At this time, there is no evidence to support any of the above
as the source of the chloroform contamination. The Division ofWater Qualrty has issued a groundwater
Corrective Action Order to IUSA related to the chloroform contamination. The Order will require
submission of a contaminant investigation report. This report, to be prepared by ruS.\ and submitted to
the State will require investigation of potential sources of contamination. The end result will hopefully
be to identify the source of contamination, eliminate it, and conduct appropriate groundwater cleanup.
If you have questions concerning this notification, please contact either Loren Morton of the DMsion of
Radiation Control at (801)-53 6-4250 or Dennis Frederick of the DMsion of Water Qualrty at (801)-538-
6146.
l.
)
J.
FACT SHEET
SPLIT SAMPLING RESULTS
25 August 1999
International Uranium (USA) Corporation believes that protection of groundwater
resources at the White Mesa Mill is vital.
ruSA was pleased to cooperate with UDEQ in this groundwater split sampling
event.
In general, the UDEQ analytical results were similar to those obtained by IUSA.
Specific key exceptions were:
a. ruSA detected trace or estimated levels of three pesticides (dachthal,
pichloram, and silvex, at 1.8, 0.45I, and 0.261 ug/L, respectively) in a
single cross-gradient well, MW-4; UDEQ did not detect these constituentd
in any well.
b. ruSA detected traces of chloroform in one monitoring well (MW-12, at
0.81 ugil), which is on the edge of Cell 3. This level is below any health-
based standards.
c. UDEQ detected very low, estimated levels of chloroform in two wells:
MW-l, which is about t/t of a mile upgradient of the Mill; and MW-3,
which is about t/z-mile downgradient of the Mill. These levels (1.2 ugtL
and 0.9 ug/L, respectively) are also below any health-based standards.
d. UDEQ detected a trace of 4,4-DDT in one downgradient monitoring well,
MW-15, at 0.946 uglL.
e. UDEQ "tentatively identified" tetrahydrofuranium in one upgradient and
one downgradient well. ruC did not detect this organic constituent, which
is not used at the Mill, in any well.
Inorganic constituents, such as gross alph4 total uranium, seleniurq irorq
manganese, ammoni4 nitrate, and nitrite, were consistent with either monitoring
results from up to 19 years of data collection or with background measurements
4.
Fact Sheet Split Sampling Results Page 2 of3
5.
6.
from off-site wells in the area. These results indicate that these parameters have
not been impacted by any operations at the Mill.
a. ruSA has provided UDEQ with our data regarding background levels of
these and many other inorganic constituents over the past few years, by
providing IJDEQ with copies of our semi-annual reports to the NRC.
UDEQ has never stated disagreement with these data.
b. ruSA also provided UDEQ with a complete hydrogeologic evaluation of
the White Mesa Mill when it was published in 1994, which contained
historic data for all of these parameters. For some of the parameters, the
data consisted of quarterly monitoring results taken for up to 14 years (at
the time). For others of the parameters, the data were only a few data
points, taken at upgradient or offsite locations, to characterize the level of
the parameter in the perched zone. In either case, these data demonstrate
that the levels of the constituents listed above have been detected in one or
more other samples from the perched zone.
c. ruSA and UDEQ agreed to use reasonable, scientific approaches in
evaluating background relative to any of the split sampling results, prior to
the split sampling event. ruSA is confident in our background data.
Water quality data have been collected at the Mill since 1979 and are presented in
reports provided to UDEQ. Evaluation of the data indicates that in the perched
zone:
o Water quality is poor and variable, and. Operations at the White Mesa Mill have not impacted water quality.
Water quality variability is likely the result of several factors, including:
o Slow groundwater velocities that allow water to equilibrate with local
mineralogy;o Mineralogical variability of the rock host unit in which the perched zone
exists;o Partial penetration of some wells into the top of the underlying Brushy
Basin Member; ando Decrease in saturated thickness of the perched zone south of the site.
The average total dissolved solids (TDS) for site wells in the perched water zone
range from 1,271 to 5,052 milligrams per liter (mgil), and average sulfate
concentrations range from 656 to 2,956 mglL. These ranges of concentrations
also have been documented in sandstone and shale units in other semi-arid regions
(HenL 1989) with natural poor water quality. According to the Utah
Administrative Code, R448-6, groundwater with TDS of 3,000 to 10,000 mg/L is
classified as Class Ill-Limited Use. A number of upgradient, transgradient, and
7.
Fact Sheet Split Sampling Results Page 3 of3
downgradient wells, including wells WMMW-3, -4, -12, -14, -15, -17, and -19,
would fall into this classification, indicating the poor quality of the perched water.
Potential sources of the chloroform contamination include well tampering, past practices
at the site by other operations, off-site practices, past operational or disposal practices at
the Mill unrelated to the tailings impoundment.
8. IUSA's independent consultants have ruled out seepage from the Mill's tailings
impoundments as the source of the chloroform. The chemistry of the water in the
monitoring wells adjacent to, upgradient ol and downgradient of the tailings
impoundments has not changed, as would be the case if the tailings cells were
leaking. The data show that the chemical composition of the groundwater in the
monitoring wells has not changed since the wells were installed, at the beginning
of operation of the areas that each monitors. This means that no inorganic
constituents have been released from the tailings cells to the perched groundwater
being monitored at the Mill.
9. The Mill Tailings Facilities were designed with liners to contain any liquid, and
are sited in such a way that no potential seepage from the Tailings Cells is likely
to ever reach our regional aquifer.
a. The perched groundwater zone provides the earliest horizon for detection
of possible tailings cell leakage because it is closest to the potential release
point. Although the EPA would not consider the perched groundwater
zone to be an aquifer (EPA 1992), it can be used for monitoring.
b. The groundwater present within the Entrada./Navajo Sandstones is the first
useable aquifer of significance documented within the Mill area. The
Entrada./Navajo aquifer is an artesian aquifer and is used regionally for
irrigation and domestic consumption.
c. At the Mill site, the Entrada./Navajo Aquifer is separated from the perched
groundwater zone by more than 1,200 feet of unsaturated, low
permeability rock formations. The combination of low permeability, thick
unsaturated strata and the artesian pressure within the aquifer provides a
positive natural physical and hydraulic barrier that protects the
Entrada.trlavajo aquifer from any possible contamination of the perched
groundwater zone.
d. ruSA follows an NRC-approved groundwater-monitoring program
designed to provide early detection of any possible seepage which, after
nearly 19 years of monitoring, has shown that there have been no releases
from our Cells to any groundwater below our site.
A PRO},ESSIONAI,
LAw CoRPoR4TtoN
201 South Main Street
Suite 1800
salr Lake city, urah
84111-2218
Post Offrce Box 45898
salr Lake city, urah
84145-0898
Telephone [phone]
Facsimile 801 536-6111
E-Mail: [e-mail]
Jam6 B. Lee
Gordon L. Robefls
F. Roben Reeder
J. Gordon Hansen
Larence E. StEvens
Dmiel M. Allr€d
Roy G. Haslam
Dallin W. Jensen
W. Jeflery Fillmore
Kent W. \Mnt€rholler
Barbara K. PollchRmo L. Dryer
Charl€s H. Thr0nson
David R. Bfd
Ralmond J. Etchwefly
tYancis M. Wikstmm
David W. hndermann
CMs Wangsgard
Neil Orlofl
Val R. Antczak
Spencer E. Austin
Lee Kapalosk
Stephen J. Hull
John B. Wilson
Roben C. Hyde
Cmig B. Tefly
Dal,id A. AndeNon
Gary E. Do{toman
Kent B. Aldemil
Kent O. Roche
Patricla J. winmill
Randy M. Grimshaw
Lawnce R. Bamsoh
Maxwell A. Miller
Wiliam D. Horyoak
Paul D. Veasy
Roben C. Delahmry
Suan A. f'redman
R. Craig Johnson
Brcnt Chilstensen
Alan R. Andersen
Dmiel W. Hindert
Lois A. Baar
Jon C. Christiansen
Richad D. Clqlton
Michael L. Larsen
Jonathan K. Butler
David G. Mangum
Derek Langton
Lucy B. Jenhns
Loma Rogers Burgess
David L. Deisley
Mark E. Rinehart
Hal J. Pos
W. Mmk GavrE
Scott R. Caryenter
Gsrge M. nint III
J. Michael Bailey
J. Thomas Beckett
M. Lindsay PoId
Jim Butler
Douglas R. Davis
Elizabeth S. Conley
Shawn C. Fenm
Elizabeth S. Whitney
George G. ventura
Craig D. Galli
Elisab€th R. Blattner
James E. Karkut
Wlliam J. Evms
C. Kevin Speirs
Michael J. Malmquist
PrEston C. Regehr
David W. Zimmemm
H. Douglas owens
Alan K. F'lake
Lisa A. Ki$chner
Michael A. Zoq
David M. Bemion
Edk A. Christimsen
Matthew J. Hamer
Wiliam R. Gray
Caih€rine Agnoli
Jeffrey T. Siver'tsen
Wiliam J. Stilline
Michael J. Tomko
R. David Grant
Margar€[ Niver McGiln
James T. Blanch
Anne Whitehead Morgan
Alexander R. Dahl
Edwtrd B. Gmndy
Laura S. Scol,t
Chistina Jepson Schmutz
Kristine Ddde
Kennelh E. Horton
Keny L.owens
Richard J. AngeU
Ellen Kil.zmiller
Dianna M. Gibson
Sean D. Reyes
Anne E. Rice
Pahick C. Cannon
Jessica Woodhouse
Angie Nelson
Matthew S. Dean
Shane D. Hillman
Mark Sandbaken
Wesley L. Austin
Suzanne L. Larsen
Keith E. Taylor, Of Counsel
Mark A. Glick. Of Couns€l
Michael W. D€vine. Of Counsel
September 22,1999
VIA FACSIMILE AND U.S. MAIL
Don A. Ostler,
Executive Secretary
Utah Water Quality Board
P.O. Box 16690
288 North 1460 West
Salt Lake City, UT 84116-0690
Fax [phone]
Dianne R. Nielson, Ph.D.
Executive Director
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
168 North 1950 West
P.O. Box 144810
Salt Lake City, UT 84114-4810
Fax [phone]
William J. Sinclair, Director
Division of Radiation Control
168 North 1950 West
P.O. Box 144850
Salt Lake City, UT 84114-4850
Fax [phone]Re: IUSA's Plan and Timetable for Groundwater Contaminant
Investigation and Report re NOV, Docket No. UGW-20-01
Dear Don, Dianne and Bill:
28834 r . I
September 22,1999
Page Two
On September 2l"t I hand delivered on behalf of International Uranium (USA)
Corporation, a copy of its "schedule For Contamination Investigation Submittals." It
has now come to our attention that a typographical error appears in the "Milestone" for
Phase 2a of item I on page 1. Phase 2a is to begin on September 28, not October 28.
I called each of your offices today with the correction and I am enclosing a
revised page 1 with the correct milestone date.
Please call me with any questions.
Sincerely,
-Dr^JDavid R. Bird
Attorney for Intemational Uranium
(USA) Corporation
cc:Earl E. Hoellen
David C. Frydenlund
28834 I .1
(1)
SCHEDULE FOR CONTAMINATION
INVESTIGATION SUBMITTALS
UDEQ Docket No. UGQ-20-01/August 23, 1999
Submitted by International Uranium (USA) Corporation
September 20,1999
CHARACTERZATION OF CHLOROFORM POLLUTION IDENTIFIED iN MW-4
The characterization of chloroform pollution identified in MW-4 will include descriptions
of:
The amount, form, concentration, toxicity, environmental fate and transport, and
other significant characteristics of chloroform;
(2) The areal and vertical extent of the chloroform concentration and distribution; and
(3) The extent to which chloroform has migrated and is expected to migrate.
Characteization of chloroform pollution that has been detected at MV/-4 will be
accomplished in the following phases, with each being modified and/or guided by data
gathered in the preceding phase:
Phase l: Chloroform Source Assessment Report/Copies to NRC, UDEQ, and U.S.
EPA. Interviews, historical research, and field work is largely complete. These data will
be compiled into a report, with the assistance of a technical expert.
Milestone: September30
Phase 2: Work Plan for Evaluation of Representativeness of MW-4 for Chloroform
Detection/Copies to NRC, ITDEQ, and U.S. EPA. Preliminary plans have been
developed, and will be incorporated into a field Work Plan.
Milestone: September24
Phase 2a: Implementation of Work Plan for Evaluation of Representativeness of MW-4
for Chloroform Detection. The Work Plan will be implemented as soon as possible upon
its completion to ensure that necessary data for subsequent phases are collected promptly
and, hopefully, before major weather changes which might affect the schedule.
Milestone: September 28
Report on Representativeness of MW-4 for Chloroform Detection copied to
A PRotIssroNlr,
L{u,CoRP{)RATloN
201 South Main Street
Suite 1800
salr Lake city, urah
84111-2218
Post Offrce Box 45898
salr Lake city, urah
84145-0898
Telephone [phone]
Facsimile 801 53&6111
E-Mail: [e-mail]
Jam6 B. Itr
Godon L. Rob€tls
F. Robeft R€€dcr
J. Gordon Hansen
Lawtncc E. Stevcns
Daniel M. Allred
Roy G. Haslam
Dallin W. Jensen
W. Jeflery Fillmore
Kent W. Wint€rholler
Barbara K. Polich
Ran(Y L. Dryer
Chades H. Thmnson
David R. Bird
Raymond J. Emheverry
Fmncis M. Wilstmm
David W.'ltndemann
Chris Wmgs€ard
Neil 0rloff
Val R. Ant zak
Spencer E. Austin
lee Kapaloskj
St€phen J. HUU
John B. Wlson
Robert C. Hyde
Craig B. Terry
David A. Ande6on
Gary E. Dtrtorman
Kent B. Alderman
Kcn[ O. Rochc
Parricia.l wlnmill
Randy M. Grimshaw
Lawnce R. Barusch
Maxwell A. Miller
William D. Holyoak
Paul D. Veasy
Roben C. Delahunty
Stuari A. FI€dman
R. Craig Johnson
Brcnt Chdstemcn
Alan R. Andersen
Daniel W. Hind€rt
Lols A. Baar
Jon C. Chdstiansen
Richard D. Cla}'ton
Michael L. Lamen
Jonathan K. Builer
David G. Mangum
D€rek Langton
Lucy B. Jenkins
l,oma Rogera Burgess
Da!,id L. Deisley
MaIk E. Rinehan
Hal J. Pos
W. Mark Ga!rc
&ol,l. R. Carpenter
George M. Flint [l
J. Michael Bailey
J. I'homas Bmkctl
M. Lindsy FoI{
Jim Bul,ler
Douglas R. Davis
Elizab€th S. Conlcy
ShaM C. Femin
Elizabeth S. Whitne}'
G€orge G. Venl,um
Cmig D. Galli
Elisabel,h R. Blattner
James E. Ka*ut
William J. Evans
C. Kevin Spei6
Michael J. MalmquistPmlon C. Regehr
David W. Zimmeman
H. Douglas Owens
Alan K. Flake
Lisa A. Kirschner
Michael A. Zody
David M. Bennion
Erik A. Christiansen
Mail,hew J. Hamer
Wiuiam R. Gray
Cath€ilne A€noli
Jeffr€y T. Siver{sen
Wiuiam J. Stilline
Michael J. Tomko
R. David Grant
Mar8arct NiIer Mccann
Jams T. Blanch
Anne Whil€head MorBan
Alexander R. Dahl
Edwad B. Cmndl
Iaura S. Scott
Chilstina Jepson Schmutz
Frisl,ine Edde
Kenneth E. Horl,on
Kerry L. Owens
Richard J. Angell
Ellen Kitzmiller
Dianna M. Gibson
Sean D. Reyes
Anne E. Rice
Patnck C. Cannon
Jessica Woodhouse
Angie Nel$n
Matthew S. Dean
Shane D. Hillman
MaIk Sandbaken
Wsley L. Austin
Suzanne L. Larsen
Keil,h E. Taylor. 0f Counsel
Mark A. Click. Of Couns€l
Michael W. Devine. 0l Counsel
September 20,1999
VIA FACSIMILE AND U.S. MAIL
Don A. Ostler, P.E.
Executive Secretary
Utah Water Quality Board
P.O. Box 16690
288 North 1460 West
Salt Lake City, UT 84116-0690
Fax [phone]
Dianne R. Nielson, Ph.D.
Executive Director
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
168 North 1950 West
P.O. Box 144810
Salt Lake City, UT 84114-4810
Fax [phone]
Re:Agreement to Extend Time Period For Review of Utah Water
Quality Board Notice of Violation (Docket No. UGW 20-01)
Issued To International Uranium (USA) Corporation White
Mesa Uranium Mill
Dear Don and Dianne:
International Uranium (USA) Corporation ("IUSA") is hereby notiffing the
Board of Water Quality and the Department of Environmental Quality of its intent to
preserve its right to appeal a Notice of Violation ("NOV") from the Utah Water Quality
11:j; Is/ .a.li G't Xt*. t*- nC/l
28834 I . I
September 20,1999
Page Two
Board dated August 23,1999 and addressing alleged violation of Utah Code Annotated
$ 1 e-s-1 07(1).
Intemational Uranium (USA) Corporation is filing a plan and timetable for
conducting a Groundwater Contaminant Investigation as requested in the NOV and
Order and at this time anticipates submitting a Groundwater Action Corrective Action
Plan within 30 days of notification by the Executive Secretary. ruSA, however, has
some concerns with the NOV and believes that it has significant defenses which it can
only raise in an appeal. IUSA therefore respectfully requests that any hearing on this
issue be stayed pending ongoing efforts between ruSA and DWQ to resolve the dispute.
On behalf of ruSA, I have conferred with Utah Assistant Attorney General Fred
Nelson, who agreed (1) that IUSA's notice of appeal is timely submitted; and (2) that a
stay of any hearing is warranted pending the ongoing exchange of information beFreen
ruSA and DWQ. It is IUSA's understanding that the State will notifr ruSA of a time
at which informal negotiations are mutually deemed to be unsuccessful and the specific
time IUSA has to prepare and submit a formal response providing the grounds for
review.
Please call me with any questions.
Sincerely,
o,^..\ R E;1,
David R. Bird
Attorney for International Uranium
(USA) Corporation
Fred G Nelson
Earl E. Hoellen
David C. Frydenlund
William J. Sinclair
28834 l . l
LAIxrnnx,rrrosf
UneNruvr (uSA)
Conponarrox
lndependencePlaza,Suite950.1050SeventeenthStreet o Denver,CO80265 o 3036287798(main) .3033894125(fax)
September 21,1999
Yia Overnisht Mail
Don A. Ostler, P.E.
Executive Secretary
Utah Water Quality Board
P.O. Box 16690
288 North 1460 West
Salt Lake City, UT 84116-0690
Plan and Timetable for Groundwater Contaminant lnvestigation and Report in Response
to Utah DEQ Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order, TIDEQ
Docket No. UGQ-20-01, Issued on Augustz3,1999
Dear Mr. Ostler:
ln response to the Notice of Violation (NOV) and Order, Docket No. UGW-20-01, dated August
23, lgg9, (the 'NOV"), you should be in receipt of a letter dated September 20, 1999, from
David R. Bird of Parsons Behle & Latimer, our legal counsel, reserving Intemational Uranium
(USA) Corporation's ("IUSA's") right of appeal. This letter transmits IUSA's plan and
timetable for conducting a Groundwater Contaminant Investigation and report as requested in the
NOV.
The NOV orders IUSA to:
Submit within thirty (30) days of receipt of the NOV a plan and timetable for conducting
a Groundwater Contaminant Investigation and submittal of a report for Executive
Secretary approval, pursuant to provisions of UAC R317-6-6.15(D); and
Submit within 30 days of Executive Secretary notification a plan and timetable for
submittal, implementation, and completion of a Groundwater Corrective Action Plan,
pursuant to the provisions of UAC R317-6-6.15(D).
The enclosed proposed plan and schedule addresses item (l) above, submittal of a plan and
timetable for conducting a Groundwater Contaminant Investigation and submittal of a report for
Executive Secretary approval, pursuant to the cited Utatr regulation. It is IUSA's understanding,
based on your August 23 letter transmitting the NOV, that after the Executive Secretary has
received and reviewed the Groundwater Contaminant lnvestigation Report ("GCIR"), the
Re:
1.
Mr. Don A. Ostler
September 21,1999
Page2 of2
Executive Secretary will, if appropriate, notiff ruSA of the need to submit a plan and timetable
for submittal, implementation, and completion of a Groundwater Corrective Action Plan. We
agree that this would be a reasonable order of actions, as the results of the Groundwater
Contaminant Investigation, which will be presented in the GCIR, will be required to determine
whether or not any fuither action is warranted.
With the assistance of our independent technical consulting and review team, ruSA has proposed
a schedule which we believe will enable us to collect the data in a manner which is well-
organized, systematic, and thorough, with each phase building upon prior phases, while also
conducting concurrent data preparation, review, and reporting tasks, when possible, to ensure
timely response to the issues raised in the NOV.
If you have any questions regarding this response, please contact Michelle Rehmann at (303)
389-4131."ru*
Vice President and General Counsel
DCF:smc
cc: Dianne Nielson, DEQ, with attachments
William J. Sinclair, DEQ, with attachments
Loren Morton, DRC, with attachments
David Cunningham, DEQ, SE Diskict Health Departrnurt, with attachments
Dave Arrioti, DEQ, SE District Health Departrnent, with attachments
Fred Nelson, Utah Asst. Attomey General, with attachments
Terry Brown, U.S. EPA Region VIII, with attachments
Milt Lammering, U.S. EPA Region VIII, with attachments
John Surmeier, U.S. NRC, Washington, D.C., with attachme,nts
Bill von Till, U.S. NRC, Washington, D.C., with attachments
Charles Hackney, U.S. NRC, Region IV, with attachments
Michelle R. Rehmann, with attachments
Earl E. Hoellen, with attachments
Harold R. Roberts, with attachments
William N. Deal, with attachments
Ronald E. Berg, with attachments
SCHEDULE FOR CONTAMINATION
INVESTIGATION SUBMITTALS
UDEQ Docket No. UGQ-20-0 l/Augu st 23, 1999
Submitted by International Uranium (USA) Corporation
September 20,1999
CHARACTERZATION OF CI{LOROFORM POLLUTION IDENTIFIED in MW-4
The characterization of chloroform pollution identified in MW-4 will include descriptions
of:
(l) The amount, form, concentration, toxicity, environmental fate and transport, and
other signifi cant characteri stics of chloroform;
(2) The areal and vertical extent of the chloroform concentration and distribution; and
(3) The extent to which chloroform has migrated and is expected to migrate.
Characterization of chloroform pollution that has been detected at MW4 will be
accomplished in the following phases, with each being modified and/or guided by data
gathered in the preceding phase:
Phase l: Chloroform Source Assessment Report/Copies to NRC, UDEQ, and U.S.
EPA. Interviews, historical research, and field work is largely complete. These data will
be compiled into a report, with the assistance of a technical expert.
Milestone: September30
Phase 2: Work Plan for Evaluation of Representativeness of MW4 for Chloroform
Detection/Copies to NRC, UDEQ, and U.S. EPA. Preliminary plans have been
developed, and will be incorporated into a field Work Plan.
Milestone: September24
Phase 2a: Implementation of Work Plan for Evaluation of Representativeness of MW4
for Chloroform Detection. The Work Plan will be implemented as soon as possible upon
its completion to ensure that necessary data for subsequent phases are collected promptly
and, hopefully, before major weather changes which might affect the schedule.
Milestone: September2t
Phase 2b: Report on Representativeness of MW4 for Chloroform Detection copied to
NRC, UDEQ, and U.S. EPA. Data will be evaluated by independent geochemical,
hydrology, and fate and transport experts, and they will assist ruSA in preparation of a
report.
Milestone: November 4
Phase 3: Resampling of MW4
Milestone: October 29
Phase 4: @ependent upon results of Phase 3) (a) Development of monitoring program
for chloroform at MW4 or @) Development of program for the delineation of a potential
chloroform plume in the area of MW-4, and copies of plan for such program to NRC,
UDEQ, and U.S. EPA. Independent technical experts will assist ruSA in either the
development of a monitoring program for chloroform at N[\il-4 or development of a
program for delineation of a potential chloroform plume.
Milestone: November 26
Phase 5: @ependent upon results of Phase 4) (a) Implementation of program for
monitoring chloroform at MW4 or (b) Implementation of program for the delineation of a
potential chloroform plume in the area of MW-4. lf a program for monitoring chloroform
at MW4 is indicated, based on results of Phase 4, then it will be implemented within the
first quarter of the year 2000. If,, however, a program for delineation of a potential
chloroform plume is indicated by Phase 4 results, then weather may affect IUSA's ability
to implement the field program at the same proposed date as for (a), and therefore a later
date is indicated for the completion of (b).
Milestone for (a): January 10, 2000
Milestone for (b): March 6, 2000
FACILITY CHARACTERZATION
The Facility Characterization will include descriptions of:
(l) Location of Chloroform present and media of occurrence;
(2)
(3)
(4)
(s)
(6)
Hydrogeologic conditions underlying and upgradient and downgradient of the
facility;
Surface waters in the area;
Climatologic and meteorologic conditions in the area of the facility;
Type, location and description of possible sources of chloroform at the facility; and
Groundwater withdrawals, pumpage rates, and usage within a 2-mile radius.
3.DATA REPORT
The Data Report will include:
(l) Data packages including quality assurance and quality control reports;
(2) A description of the data used in the report; and
(3) A description ofany data gaps encountered, how those gaps affect the analysis and
any plans (if warranted) to fill those gaps.
FINAL REPORT
A report including characterization of chloroform pollution identified in MW-4, facility
characterization, and a data report will be sent to NRC, UDEQ, and U.S. EPA on or
before March 20,2000 if program (a), described in Phase 5 is followed, or May 26,2000
if program (b) described in Phase 5 is followed. This date will allow for inclusion of data
from Phase 5 of the charactenzation of chloroform pollutioq if required.
EVALUATION OF EIGHT OTI{ER PARAN,IETERS DISCUSSED IN UDEQ
TRANSMITTAL LETTER OF AUGUST 23, 1999
In the transmittal letter accompanying the Notice of Violation and Groundwater
Corrective Action Order dated August 23,1999, the Director of the Division of Radiation
Control requested that IUSA include certain parameters, which are generally referred to in
an accompanylng Issue Paper as "some or all (sic) which may be due to background
groundwater conditions at the site", in the Groundwater Contaminant Investigation
mandated by the attached order. The August 23 letter describes the parameters of
interest, which are not part of the Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action
Order, as follows:
"In addition to the chloroform discovered in IUC monitoring well lv{!V-4, four (a) (sic)
other pollutants have been identified in wells sampled which appear to be in excess of
State health based groundwater standards, including: Gross alpha [MW-2, MW-3, MW-4,
MW-12, MW-14, MW-15, MW-l7, MW-l8, and MW-191, nitraternitrite (I.I) MW-41,
manganese [MW-l, MW-3, MW-4, MW-ll, MW-14, MW-15, MW-17, and MW-18],
selenium MW-15], and total uranium MW-3, MW-4, MW-14, MW-15, MW-17, MW-
18, and MW-191. Three (3) other potential indicators of groundwater pollution were also
found in concentrations below State health based groundwater standards, ammonia, irorq
4.
5.
and tetrahydrofuran."
Although the letter describes groups of "four" and "three" parameters, IUSA understands
that UDEQ requests review of a total of eight (not seven) parameters, those being:
l. Gross alpha2. Nitrate+nitrite (N)
3. Manganese4. Selenium5. Total uranium6. Ammonia7. kon8. Tetrahydrofuran
A report on the evaluation of the above eight parameters will be sent to NRC, UDEQ, and
U.S. EPA on or before November 30, 1999.
4
a/fs
lxrgnx.rrron,nl
Unaxruu (usn)
ConponauoN
IndependencePlaza, Suite 950 . 1050 Seventeenth Street o Denver, CO 80265 . 303 628 7798 (main) . 303 389 4125 (fax)
September 24, L999
Vie Facsimile and First Class Mail
Mr. Don Verbica
State of Utah Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Solid and Hazardous Waste
288 North 1460 West
P.O. Box 144880
Salt Lake city, uT 84114-4880
Re: RCRA Analysis of Chloroform Contaminated Water to be Pumped from
Monitoring Well tl4
Dear Mr. Verbica:
As discussed with you previously, I enclose for your records a copy of a memorandum
prepared by our independent consultant, Jo Ann Tischler, which contains an analysis of
whether or not the chloroform detected during groundwater split sampling at the White
Mesa Mill is a RCRA-listed hazardous waste. You will note that Ms. Tischler concludes
that the chloroform is not a RCRA-listed hazardous waste.
I also enclose a copy of a Work Plan dated September 22, 1999 regarding IUC's
Chloroform Investigation Phase 2: Investigation of Representativeness of MW4 for
Groundwater Monitoring Purposes.
In that Work Plarq we indicate that all water pumped from MW-4 will be containerized,
most likely in one or more large tanks, and then introduced into the Mill's process for use
in processing ores in the current Mill run. Based on the analysis in the attached
memorandurn, ruC has determined that the pumped water does not contain RCRA-listed
rvaste. Also, based on samples taken to date, the water does not contain a characteristic
hazardous waste. However, as discussed with you, one sample will be taken from each
tank of containerized water that is introduced into the Mill circuit for analysis of
chloroform content, to ensure that any such water introduced into the Mill process will
not exhibit a RCRA characteristic.
@"*ru\P' ti -
i\\tr F#se !H ,,;1p{1" &O. .;.,r.. -:i i'.' O.cl ,r,::- I j;'{ \./.A ,*i:,*..', *rYo., .*"/(tn,rrrrqD
Mr. Don Verbica
September 24,1999
Page 2 of3
If future information from the groundwater investigation or other sources leads to a
different RCRA status determination regarding chloroform in MW-4, the Mill will cease
introducing the groundwater into the Mill operations.
The Well Redevelopment Program is scheduled to commence on September 28,1999.
Ifyou have any questions or concerns, please contact me at your earliest convenience.
ce President and General Counsel
DCF:smc
cc/atl: Dianne Nielson, DEQ
William I. Sinclair, DEQ
Don A. Ostler, DEQ
Loren Morerl DRC
John Surmeier, U S NRC, Washingtor\ D.C.
Bill von Till, U S NRC, Washington, D.C.
Earl E. Hoellen
Harold R. Roberts
Michelle R. Rehmann
William N. Deal
Ronald E. Berg
Dil{6 C\ Frydenlund
TO: David C. Frydenlund
FROM: Io Ann Tischler
MEMORANDUM
cc: Michelle R. Rehmann
Harold R. Roberts
Earl E. Hoellen
William N. DealDATE: September 24,1999
SUBJECT: Regulatory Status of Chloroform Detected in White Mesa Mill Monitoring Well tl4
This memo addresses wtrether or not the chloroform detected during groundwater split sampling at
White Mesa Mill is a RCRA listed hazardous wastO. -Chloroform (trichloromethane) was detected
at approximately 4.7 mglLinMonitoring Well #4 ('MW#4"). Since the RCRA toxicity characteristic
concentration for chloroform is 6.0 mgL, and the morimum concentration detected to date in
groundwater is approximately 4.7 md, the groundwater is not a RCRA characteristic waste at that
detected level.
fndustrial and Non-fndustrial Uses of Chloroform
Chloroform is used industrially in the synthesis of fluorocarbons and other plastics, and in the
formulation of fumigants and insecticides. It is a byproduct of a number of commercial synthesis
processes and appears as a contaminant in the distillation and filtration waste streams from many
organic chemical plants, such as those that produce chlorinated methanes, vinylics, or aromatics.
Chloroform is used in pharmacetrtical plants both in the extraction of many narcotic and non-narcotic
agents, and was formerly used in the formulation of some product preparations such as cough
medicines. It was also formerly used as a surgical anaesthetic. It is still used as a preservative for
biological and medical specimens.
Chloroform has been used commercially as a solvent and degreaser in automotive maintenance,
military motor pool maintenance, aircraft de-icing, and other vehicle and machinery maintenance
operations. It is still used as an extraction solvent and standard in analytical laboratory applications.
Chloroform was formedy approved by the U.S. Department of Agriculture ('USDA") as a fumigant
for grain storage silos. According to USEPA Superfi.rnd information web bases, grain silos formerly
leased by USDA in EPARegions 7 and 8 have been associated with extensive groundwater plumes
of chloroform and carbon tetrachloride.
Chloroform is also used as a disinfectant for sanitary waste tanks in portable bathrooms and mobile-
home and trailer bathrooms.
Potential RCRA Listings Applicable to Chloroform
Chloroform is associated with the following potential RCRA hazardous waste listings:
o It may carry RCRA listings F024 or F025 if it is associated with process wastes from the
production of chlorinated aliphatics.
It may carry RCRA listings K009 or K010 if it is associated with distillation wastes from the
production of acetaldehyde.
It may carry RCRA listing K0l9 if it is associated with heavy ends for the distillation of ethylene
dichloride.
o It may carry RCRA listing K020 if it is associated with heary ends from the distillation of vinyl
It may carry RCRA listing K02l if it is associated with aqueous spent antimony catalyst from the
production of fluoromethanes.
It may carry RCRA listing K029 if it is associated with steam stripper wastes from the production
of l, l, l-trichloroethane.
. It may carry RCRA listing K073 if it is associated with diaphragm cell waste from chlorine
production.
It may carry RCRA listing Kl 16 if it is associated with solvent recovery column wastes from the
production of toluene diisoryanate.
It may carry RCRA listing K149, KI50, or Kl5l if it is associated with process wastes from the
production of certain chlorotoluenes or benzoyl chlorides.
. It may carry RCRA listing Kl58 if it is associated with bag house and filter solids from the
production of carbamates and carbamyl oximes.
o It may carry RCRA listing U044 if it was disposed as commercially pure product or product
mixtures.
Potential Off-Site Sources of Chloroform
An investigation, including research performed by IUC personnel and independent consultants, was
conducted to determine current and former potential offsite uses of chloroform within the vicinity
of the Mill. Based on this investigation, it was determined that:
A number of potential chloroform users exist in the vicinity of the Mill. The municipal airport and
associated maintenance facilities are just north of Shirttail Corner, approximately 2 Yz miles north of
S:ldt/Cld!&rhdtlc/D(s-dlaofr ri2.,
the Mill. These are all non-listed sources of chloroform. It has been reported that a garage and
service station formerly existed at the location of the present C-Store at Shirttail Corner. There also
may have been County maintenance shops in the are4 and, according to the County Agricultural
Extension Service, the region has a number of grain silos currently or formerly under lease to USDA
According to the current understanding of site hydrogeology, offsite commercial users of chloroform
product are a potential source for the concentration of chloroform detected in MWl4.
White Mesa Mill Site Eistory Relative to the Presence of Chloroform
An investigation, including interviews with relevant current and former personnel, as well as a review
of available recordg was conducted to determine current and former uses of chloroform at the White
Mesa Mill.
Chloroform is currently used as a commercially pure product in small quantities, in the Mll's
analytical and assay laboratory. Laboratory liquid wastes and wastewater are disposed via the
laboratory sinks, which drain to the liquid collection area of the Mill's tailings system as lle.(2)
byproduct material. I le.(2) byproduct material is not a RCRA hazardous waste.
The Mill has not used chloroform as a cleaning solvent or degreaser at any time in its operational
history.
None of the RCRA-listed industrial processes identified in the section above have ever operated on
or in the vicinity of the White Mesa Mill site, or anywhere in the Blanding area. Hence none of the
F or K listings can be applicable to the chloroform detected in the Mill groundwater.
Chloroform was also used as commercially pure product in a former on-site laboratory at the Mill.
However, it is highly unlikely that chloroform was disposed as a commercially pure product, for two
reasons. First, the laboratory used chloroform in assays and bench scale extraction tests on potential
ores, and discharged extraction solutions into the sink drains that were transferred via a laboratory
wastewater sewer line into a former leach field approximately 1,000 fe* upgradient ofld\il#4. The
lab staffhad no reason to directly dispose of used or spent liquid. Second, the Mill has a history of
utilizing bouled and drummed organic chemicals until the container contents are consumed, even if
the contents have passed their expiration date (an acceptable procedure in crude assays and
extraction trials). As a result, there would generally have been no residual or aged organic product
that would have required disposal. Hence, the U listing is not likely to be applicable to wastes
generated in the lab. The primary method for organic liquids to leave the laboratory was via the lab
drains. Laboratory process solutions containing chloroform are not RCRA U-listed hazardous
wastes.
ll.f f rc!.ft ilYrdari.ryL.r&,J2a,
Other Potential Sources of Chloroform
Due to both the location and construction of MW#4 it is possible that chloroform was introduced via
two other sources. It may have been introduced by unauthorized disposal of domestic sanitary or
chemical waste near the well site. Containers of disinfectant for mobile-home and trailer bathroom
waste tanks contain chloroform. An individual could introduce chloroform to the area by disposing
either the contents of a trailer septic waste tanlg or unused tank disinfectant, or both. Domestic use
of chloroform-based septic sanitizers is not a RCRA listed process.
Chloroform could have also been introduced directly into the well by unauthorized tampering, that
is, by removal of the well cap, or introduction of chloroform product, which could include the
domestic sanitary or chemical waste or chloroform disinfectant referred to in the previous paragrapll
directly under the well cap. The design ofMW#4, unlike all other monitoring wells at the site, was,
until just recently, capable of being tampered with in this manner. MW#4 is also relatively close to
the highway and is not within the view of the Mill buildhgs.
Since chloroform is also drained as a laboratory waste into the Mll tailing cells as 1le.(2) byproduct
material, any potential leakage from those tailings cells could be a possible source of chloroform in
groundwater. However, it is my understanding that IUSA'S experts have concluded that leakage
from the tailings cells is not a possibility.
RCRA Status of Chloroform Based on Site History
The potential sources of chloroform, in lvt\il#4 are: l) several non-listed sources from offsite, 2) the
laboratory wastewater drainage to the former septic system, which is not a RCRA listed waste for
reasons discussed above, or 3) intentional or unintentional contamination of the well, for which it
cannot be determined whether it is listed or unlisted.
Based on a good faith investigation and all information available, the source of chloroform in
groundwater lvIW#4 cannot be definitively determined, and it is therefore not a RCRA listed
hazardous waste. In accordance with Figure I of the July, 1999 Draft Protocol for Determining
Whether Alternate Feed Materials are Listed Hazardous Wastg developed by IUSA and UDEQ, if:
(a) the material to be introduced into the Mill contains potentially listed hazardous constituents,
and (b) the potentially listed wastes were not known to be generated or managed at the site, the
material is to be considered not a RCRA listed waste.
This is consistent with EPA guidance which provides that if a contaminant is not definitively known
to come from a RCRA listed source, (that is, when the source of the contaminant is not definitively
known), it is not to be considered RCRA listed hazardous waster. According to both the Draft
Protocol and EPA guidance, none of the RCRA listings are applicable.
I Memorandunl Timothy Fields, Offrce of Solid Waste and Emergancy Response to RCRA/CERCLA Senior Poliry
Makers (October 14, 1998); Preamble to NCP, 55 Fed. Reg. 8758 (March 8, 1990); Preamble to HWIR, 6l Fed. Reg.
I 8805 (April 29, 1996); Preamble to LDR Phase IV Rule, 63 Fed. Reg. 2861 9 $tay 26, I 998); and Memorandum from
John H. Skinner, Director, Ofice of Solid Waste (January 6, 1984).
Conclusions:
l. Based on a good faith investigation utilizing the foregoing informatioq the sources of
chloroform in t\d\M#4 cannot be definitively determined, and it is therefore not a RCRA listed
hazardous waste. All but one of the identified potential sources of chloroform in MW#4 are
also non-listed sources.
2. Groundwater collected from groundwater investigation efforts, containing chloroform levels
below the RCRA characteristic threshold, can be introduced to the Mill which is a net
consumer ofwater.
3. Groundwater containing chloroform should be analyzed to confirm it is also not a RCRA
characteristic waste, due to chloroform concentrations, before it is introduced into the Mill.
4. Iffuture information from the groundwater investigation or other sources leads to a different
RCRA status determination regarding chloroform in IvM#4, the Mll will cease introducing
the groundwater in the Mll operation.
,t '
\
WORI( PLAN
CHLOROFORM INVESTIGATION PHASE 2: IhMESTIGATION
OF REPRESENTATIYENESS OF MW.4 FOR GROUNDWATER
MONITORING PT'RPOSES
SEPTEMBER 22,1999
Submitted to:
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Submitted by:
International Uranium (USA) Corporation
Denver, Colorado
Contact: Michelle Rehmann
303.389.4131
INTRODUCTION
As part of the investigation of the presence of chloroform in Monitoring Well #4 (MW-4)
at the White Mesa Uranium near Blanding, Utah, this Woik Plan for Phase 2 of the
investigation describes tasks to conduct and analyze data during the redevelopment of
well MW-4.
OBJECTIVE
The primary objective of this Work Plan for Phase 2 of the Chloroform Investigation is to
determine how representative well MW-4 is for groundwater monitoring purposes. The
water samples obtained in early 1999 from well MW4 display anomalously high
concentrations of chloroform. Well MW4 also produces water with high turbidity, many
times in excess of standards recorlmended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
for monitoring wells. The abnormally high corcentrations of chloroform, and this high
turbidity, give rise to questions as to the suitability of MW-4 for continual monitoring.
Since the geochemical evaluations point out a lack of connection between MW4 and
nearby tailings disposal ponds, it is believed that one potential source of chloroform
could be from the accidental or intentional contamination of the well. High h$idity
points out a potential for the presence of foreign matter in the well, possibly in the form
of screen plugging and/or iron precipitation sediments in the sand pack. The purpose of
the redevelopment is to provide information on the source of chloroform and to reduce
the turbidity of the well so that representative groundwater samples can be collected. In
particular, the program detailed below will provide data to:
o Assess whether the chloroform originates from a presence in groundwater in the
vicinity of the well, or whether the chloroform could have been introduced
directly into the well.
Recondition MW-4 for continued monitoring of chloroform.
Refine hydraulic parameters in the vicinity of MW-4.
TASKS
Three tasks are included in this Work Plan:
Step Drawdown Test
Purging
Well Redevelopment
l.
2.
3.
The objectives, approach, and plan for each of these tasks is detailed below.
\\ ori, Plan Chtorotor0n\esris,liir)n Phase l
September ll. 1999
Page 2 of 5
Task 1 - Stdp Drawdown Test
Objectives
Previously-obtained permeability data for MW-4 have been utilized to estimate the
approximate volumes of water that may have been affected by possible direct
contamination of MW-4. A Step Drawdown Test will be conducted prior to well purging
and redevelopment with the objective of obtaining data which IUC may use to refine the
pumping rates and volumes used in Tasks 2 and 3. The water pumped from MW4
during the Step Drawdown Test will be included in the total volume to be evacuated, as
detailed below in Tasks 2 and 3.
Approach and Plan
Although the water in MW-4 has been disturbed in recent months by groundwater
sampling, it is possible that if chloroform has been dumped in the well, concentrations
may show an increase with depth (due to chloroform's higher density). On the other
hand, if the chloroform moved into the well dissolved in groundwater, the concentrations
may tend to be more uniform. Therefore, prior to beginning the Step Drawdown Test,
depth profile sampling of the well will be conducted by placing a bailer near the top and
at the base of the water column in the well, and collecting enough sample to fill sample
containers. Samples for laboratory VOC analysis and for field headspace analysis will be
collected at each depth. In addition, to address a separate issue raised by UDEQ, a
sample will be collected for the analysis of gross alphq nitrate+nitrite (N), manganese,
selenium, total uranium, ammonia, iron, and tetratrydrofuran.
The Step Drawdown Test will consist of pumping MW4 at four increasing rates of flow
while measuring flow rate and monitoring drawdown using a data logger and downhole
pressure transducer, or similar equipment. Nominal pumping rates are anticipated to be
y4, ll3,'/2, and I gallon per minute (gpm). The actual rates would depend on well
productivity. The first three flow rates would be maintained for 30 minutes to one hour,
and the final flow rate for up to 2 to 3 hours. Recovery of water in the well would be
measured at the cessation of pumping.
All water pumped from the well will be containeized, most likely in one or more large
tanks, and then introduced into the Mill's process for use in processing ores in the curent
Mill run. IUC has determined that, based on available information, the pumped water
does not contain a RCRA listed waste (as detailed in a separate memorandum). Also,
based on samples taken to date, the water does not contain a characteristic hazardous
waste. However, one sample will be taken from each tank of containerized water for
analysis of chloroform content, to ensure that any such water introduced into the Mill
process will not exhibit a RCRA characteristic.
Although the prime purpose of the Step Drawdown Test is to select an optimal pumping
rate for well purging, drawdown and flow rate data collected during the Step Drawdown
Test may be analyzed for hydraulic conductivity and well efficiency paftlmeters using a
September 32.
Page 3 of5
well hydraulics interpretation package that has the capability to deal with variable
pumping rates and other non-ideal test conditions.
Task 2 - Purging
Objectives
As stated above, since the geochemical evaluations point out a lack of connection
between MW4 and nearby tailings disposal ponds, it is believed that one of the potential
sources of chloroform could be from the accidental or intentional contamination of the
well. The high rurbidity points out a potential for the presence of foreign matter in the
well, possibly in the form of screen plugging and/or precipitated iron sediments in the
sand pack. The possibility of well contamination deserves consideration for several
reasons, including (l) the relatively high concenftation (several mg/L) of chloroform in
samples collected from the well; (2) the lack of significant chloroform in suspected
sotuce areas located upgradient on the well based on soil gas sampling results. The
presence of foreign matter within the well, as indicated by the high turbidity and potential
for well contamination, deem redevelopment of this well necessary. Thus, the purpose of
the redevelopment is to reduce the turbidity of the well for representative sample
collection and to provide data that will be used to help evaluate the extent of chloroform
contamination in the vicinity of the well.
The objective of purging the well is to captr:re Gurnp back) as much as possible of the
groundwater which could have been contacted by chloroform introduced into the well.
The chloroform-contacted water could have migrated away from the well in the direction
of groundwater flow. If groundwater concentrations of chloroform decline during the
testing, then it can be inferred that the chloroform may be due to accidental or intentional
contamination of the well, rather than groundwater containing chloroform, in the vicinity
of MW-4, moving into the well.
Approach and Plan
Prior to beginning the Purging task, one groundwater sample will be collected by placing
a disposable bailer near the center of the water column in the well. Enough sample for
laboratory VOC analysis (one vial) and for field headspace analysis (one jar), at the same
depth. In addition, to address a separate issue raised by UDEQ, a sample will be collected
for the analysis of gross dpha, nitrate+nitrite (N), manganese, selenium, total uranium,
ammoni4 iron, and tetrahydrofuran.
Following sample collection, a constant rate test, which leads into pr:rging for a
predetermined period of time, will then be conducted by pumping at the highest
sustainable flow rate. Drawdown at the initid portion of this test will be recorded using
the data logger, and subsequently measured by hand using an electric water level sounder
or similar instrument. Flow rates during all testing will be measured using a calibrated
bucket and stopwatch.
\\'trrk Plan Chltrrotbrlnresrtgarion Phase l
September ll. 1999
Page 4 of 5
Periodic collection of groundwater samples in sample containers and measurement of
headspace volatile organic carbon (VOC) concentrations will take place during the test,
as well as periodic measurement of turbidity, pH and electrical conductivity (EC). To
analyze headspace concentrations of VOCs, samples collected in sample containers will
be sealed and allowed to stand, then the headspace VOC concentrations measured with a
portable flame ionization detector (FID) or a photoionization detector (PID) equipped
with an I 1.8 eV larnp. This is intended to be a semi-qualitative analysis.
The duration of the constant rate test will, in part, be based on the results of the
headspace analysis of samples collected during the test and on the volume of water that
will have to be containerized. At the end of the constant rate test, further well purging
and redevelopment may be performed.
Pumping for the purposes of testing and purging is presently anticipated to continue for a
combined total of approximately l7 days, mostly with a documented sustainable pumping
rate for the well of 0.5 gpm, or as stated above, as recalibrated on the basis of the Pump
Test (Task l). Present estimates are that approximately 13,000 gallons of water will be
removed from the perched zone. This volume is estimated to represent the water
contained in the approximate pore volume of the perched zone which could have been
contacted by the chloroform if this contaminant were introduced into the well at the time
of its installation in 1991.
At the conclusion of the Purging task, another groundwater sample will be collected by
placing a disposable bailer near the center of the water column in the well, and collecting
enough sample for laboratory VOC analysis (one vial) and for field headspace analysis
(one jar) , at the same depth. In addition, to address a separate issue raised by UDEQ, a
sample will be collected for the analysis of gross alpha nitrate+nitrite (N), manganese,
selenium, total uranium, ammoni4 iron, and tetrahydrofuran.
Task 3 - Well Redevelopment
Objectives
The purpose of the Well Redevelopment is to reduce the nrbidity of the well to allow for
representative sample collection and to provide data that will be used to help evaluate the
potential extent of chlorofonn presence in the vicinity of the well.
Approach and Plen
Airlifting will commence following the Task 2 pumping, and the sample collection
described at the conclusion of Task 2. Airlifting will be done either with a specialtyjetting tool or by airlift pump method using an open-ended air pipe (educator).
Whichever method is selected (depending on the availability of service), precautions will
be taken that excessive air pressure, capable of destroying the casing, is avoided.
\\'ork Plan Ch1.,rt tirCvc'srigarir.rn Phase l
September ll. I999
Page 5 of 5
The airlifting will continue until the presence of particulate matter in the discharged
water is significantly reduced. It is expected that aiproximately eight hours of airlifting
may suffrce to clean up the well screen.
Approximately eight to sixteen hours following the completion of airlifting, another
groundwater sample will be collected by placing a disposable bailer near the center of the
water column in the well, and collecting enough sample for laboratory VOC analysis (one
vial) and for field headspace analysis (one jar), at the same depth. In addition, to address
a separate issue raised by UDEQ, a sample will be collected for the analysis of gross
alpha nitrate+nitrite (N), manganese, selenium, total uranium, ammonia, iron, and
tetrahydrofuran.
Additional pumping will follow recovery of the water level after airlifting. Pumping will
continue with a constant, sustainable pumping rate ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 gpm. The
exact rate will be determined from observations'and calculations made in Task l. The
pumping will continue until the volume of water equal to that pumped out during the
Purging (Task 2) is removed from the perched zone. This will result in the second
flushing of the perched zone of water potentially contacted by chloroform from MW-4.
It should remove a significant portion of the matter causing excessive turbidity of the
groundwater, and if not, indicate that the tubidity cannot be readily remedied.
Approximately three to four weeks following the completion of the final pumping,
another groundwater sample will be collected by placing a disposable bailer near the
center of the water column in the well, and collecting enough sample for laboratory VOC
analysis (one vial) and for field headspace analysis (one jar), at the same depth. In
addition, to address a separate issue raised by UDEQ, a sample will be collected for the
analysis of gross alph4 nitrate+nitrite (N), manganese, selenium, total uranium,
ammonia, iron, and tetratrydrofuran.
I aft
IsrEnr.rrroxf
Un,q.xtutvt (us,t)
ConponATloN
lndependence Plerza, Suite 950 . 1050 Seventeenth Street . Denver, CO 80265 . 303 628 7798 (main) o 303 3894125 ifirx)
September 23,1999
- -- ---)\,)\. )..
Via Facsimile and Overnight Mail r RFP 1g$$ t,,\
'":. --."" . ,1
Don A. Ostler, P.E. , ' ti ,r;i,,,,,] | iExecutive Secretary i'*'i:r:rol , ,'i
P.O. Box 16690 ' 1'. 't
288 North 1460 West
Salt Lake city, uT 84116-0690
Re: Transmittal of Work Plan for Chloroform Investigation Phase 2 - Utah DEQ Notice of
Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order, IIDEQ Docket No. UGQ-20-0L,
Issued on August 23,1999
Dear Mr. Ostler:
Following International Uranium (USA) Corporation's ("fUSA's") letter of September 21, 1999,
and in accordance with IUSA's plan and timetable for conducting a Groundwater Contaminant
Investigation, this letter transmits the Work Plan for Phase 2. Please note that this Work Plan will
be implemented on September 28, as stated in the Plan and Timetable.
If you have any questions regarding this Work Plan, please contact Michelle Rehmann at (303)
389-4131.
DCF:smc
cclatt: Dianne Nielson, DEQ
William I. Sinclair, DEQ
Loren Morton, DRC
David Cunningham, DEQ, SE District Health Department
Dave Arrioti, DEQ, SE District Health Department
Fred Nelson, Utah fust, Attorney General
Terry Brown, U.S. EPARegion VIII
ice President and General Counsel
Mr. Don A. Ostler
September 23, L999
Page? of 2
Milt Lammering, U.S. EPARegion VIII
John Surmeier, U.S. NRC, Washington, D.C.
Bill von Till, U.S. NRC, Washington, D.C.
Charles Hackney, U.S. NRC, Region IV
Michelle R. Rehmann
Earl E. Hoellen
Harold R. Roberts
William N. Deal
Ronald E. Berg
WORKPLAN
CHLOROFORM INVESTIGATION PHASE 2: INI"VESTIGATION
OF REPRESENTATIVENESS OF MW-4 FOR GROUNDWATER
MONITORING PT'RPOSES
SEPTEMBER 22,1999
Submitted to:
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Submitted by:
International Uranium (USA) Corporation
Denver, Colorado
Contact: Michelle Rehmann
303.389.413r
INTRODUCTION
As part of the investigation of the presence of chloroform in Monitoring Well #4 (MW-4)
at the White Mesa Uranium near Blanding, Utah, this Work Plan for Phase 2 of the
investigation describes tasks to conduct and analyze data during the redevelopment of
well MW-4.
OBJECTIVE
The primary objective of this Work Plan for Phase 2 of the Chloroform Investigation is to
determine how representative well MW4 is for groundwater monitoring purposes. The
water samples obtained in early 1999 from well MW-4 display anomalously high
concentrations of chloroform. Well MW-4 also produces water with high turbidity, many
times in excess of standards recorlmended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
for monitoring wells. The abnormally high concentrations of chloroform, and this high
turbidity, give rise to questions as to the suitability of MW-4 for continual monitoring.
Since the geochemical evaluations point out a lack of connection between MW4 and
nearby tailings disposal ponds, it is believed that one potential source of chloroform
could be from the accidental or intentional contamination of the well. High turbidity
points out a potential for the presence of foreign matter in the well, possibly in the form
of screen plugging and/or iron precipitation sediments in the sand pack. The purpose of
the redevelopment is to provide information on the source of chloroform and to reduce
the turbidity of the well so that representative groundwater samples can be collected. In
particular, the program detailed below will provide data to:
o Assess whether the chloroform originates from a presence in groundwater in the
vicinity of the well, or whether the chloroform could have been introduced
directly into the well.
Recondition MW4 for continued monitoring of chloroform.
Refine hydraulic parameters in the vicinity of MW-4.
TASKS
Three tasks are included in this Work Plan:
1. Step Drawdown Test2. Purging3. Well Redevelopment
The objectives, approach, and plan for each of these tasks is detailed below.
Work PlaruChlorotbrfvestigation Phase 2
September 22,1999
Page 2 of5
Task I - Step Drawdown Test
Objectives
Previously-obtained permeability data for MW-4 have been utilized to estimate the
approximate volumes of water that may have been affected by possible direct
contamination of MW-4. A Step Drawdown Test will be conducted prior to well purging
and redevelopment with the objective of obtaining data which IUC may use to refine the
pumping rates and volumes used in Tasks 2 and 3. The water pumped from MW-4
during the Step Drawdown Test will be included in the total volume to be evacuated, as
detailed below in Tasks 2 and3.
Approach and Plan
Although the water in MW-4 has been disturbed in recent months by groundwater
sampling, it is possible that if chloroform has been dumped in the well, concentrations
may show an increase with depth (due to chloroform's higher density). On the other
hand, if the chloroform moved into the well dissolved in groundwater, tlre concentrations
may tend to be more uniform. Therefore, prior to beginning the Step Drawdown Test,
depth profile sampling of the well will be conducted by placing a bailer near the top and
at the base of the water column in the well, and collecting enough sample to fitl sample
containers. Samples for laboratory VOC analysis and for field headspace analysis will be
collected at each depth. In addition, to address a separate issue raised by UDEQ, a
sample will be collected for the analysis of gross alpha, nitrate+nitrite (N), manganese,
selenium, total uranium, ammonia, iron, and tetrahydrofuran.
The Step Drawdown Test will consist of pumping MW4 at four increasing rates of flow
while measuring flow rate and monitoring drawdown using a data logger and downhole
pressure transducer, or similar equipment. Nominal pumping rates are anticipated to bey4, ll3, Yz, and I gallon per minute (gpm). The actual rates would depend on well
productivity. The first three flow rates would be maintained for 30 minutes to one hour,
and the final flow rate for up to 2 to 3 hours. Recovery of water in the well would be
measured at the cessation of pumping.
All water pumped from the well will be containerized, most likely in one or more large
tanks, and then introduced into the Mill's process for use in processing ores in the currentMill run. IUC has determined that, based on available information, the pumped water
does not contain a RCRA listed waste (as detailed in a separate memorandurn). Also,
based on samples taken to date, the water does not contain a characteristic hazardouswaste. However, one sample will be taken from each tank of containerized water for
analysis of chloroform content, to ensure that any such water introduced into the Mill
process will not exhibit a RCRA characteristic.
Although the prime purpose of the Step Drawdown Test is to select an optimal pumping
rate for well purging, drawdown and flow rate data collected during the Step Drawdown
Test may be analyzed for hydraulic conductivity and well efficiency parameters using a
W'ork PlarvChlorofbrrJr estigation Phase 2
September 22,1999
Page 3 of 5
well hydraulics interpretation package that has the capability to deal with variable
pumping rates and other non-ideal test conditions.
Task 2 - Pureine
Objectives
As stated above, since the geochemical evaluations point out a lack of connection
between MW-4 and nearby tailings disposal ponds, it is believed that one of the potential
sources of chloroform could be from the accidental or intentional contamination of the
well. The high turbidity points out a potential for the presence of foreign matter in the
well, possibly in the form of screen plugging and/or precipitated iron sediments in the
sand pack. The possibility of well contamination deserves consideration for several
reasons, including (1) the relatively high concentration (several mgil,) of chloroform in
samples collected from the well; (2) the lack of significant chloroform in suspected
source areas located upgradient on the well based on soil gas sampling results. The
presence of foreign matter within the well, as indicated by the high turbidity and potential
for well contamination, deem redevelopment of this well necessary. Thus, the purpose of
the redevelopment is to reduce the turbidity of the well for representative sample
collection and to provide data that will be used to help evaluate the extent of chloroform
contamination in the vicinity of the well.
The objective of purging the well is to capture (pump back) as much as possible of the
groundwater which could have been contacted by chloroform introduced into the well.
The chloroform-contacted water could have migrated away from the well in the direction
of groundwater flow. If groundwater concentrations of chloroform decline during the
testing, then it can be infened that the chloroform may be due to accidental or intentional
contamination of the well, rather than groundwater containing chloroform, in the vicinity
of MW-4, moving into the well.
Approach and Plan
Prior to beginning the Purging task, one groundwater sample will be collected by placing
a disposable bailer near the center of the water column in the well. Enough sample for
laboratory VOC analysis (one vial) and for field headspace analysis (one jar), at the same
depth. In addition, to address a separate issue raised by UDEQ, a sample will be collected
for the analysis of gross alpha, nitrate+nitrite (N), manganese, selenium, total uranium,
ammonia, iron, and tetrahydrofirran.
Following sample collection, a constant rate test, which leads into purging for a
predetermined period of time, will then be conducted by pumping at the highest
sustainable flow rate. Drawdown at the initial portion of this test will be recorded using
the data logger, and subsequently measured by hand using an electric water level sounder
or similar instrument. Flow rates during all testing will be measured using a calibrated
bucket and stopwatch.
S'ork Plaru'Chlorofo{'estigation phase 2
September 22.1999
Page 4 of5
Periodic collection of groundwater samples in sample containers and measurement of
headspace volatile organic carbon (VOC) concentrations will take place during the test,
as well as periodic measurement of turbidity, pH and electrical conductivity (EC). To
'analyze headspace concentrations of VOCs, samples collected in sample containers will
be sealed and allowed to stand, then the headspace VOC concentrations measured with a
portable flame ionization detector (FID) or a photoionization detector (PID) equipped
with an I 1.8 ev lamp. This is intended to be a semi-qualitative analysis.
The duration of the constant rate test will, in part, be based on the results of the
headspace analysis of samples collected during the test and on the volume of water thatwill have to be containerized. At the end of the constant rate test, further well purging
and redevelopment may be performed.
Pumping for the purposes of testing and purging is presently anticipated to continue for a
combined total of approximately 17 days, mostly with a documented sustainable pumping
rate for the well of 0.5 gpm, or as stated above, as recalibrated on the basis of the Pump
Test (Task l). Present estimates are that approximately 13,000 gallons of water will be
removed from the perched zone. This volume is estimated to represent the water
contained in the approximate pore volume of the perched zone which could have been
contacted by the chloroform if this contaminant were introduced into the well at the time
of its installation in t991.
At the conclusion of the Purging task, another groundwater sample will be collected by
placing a disposable bailer near the center of the water column in the well, and collecting
enough sample for laboratory VOC analysis (one vial) and for field headspace analysis
(one jar) , at the same depth. In addition, to address a separate issue raised by UDEQ, a
sample will be collected for the analysis of gross alpha, nitrate+nitrite (N), manganese,
selenium, total uranium, ammonia, iron, and tetrahydrofuran.
Task 3 - Well Redevelopment
Objectives
The purpose of the Well Redevelopment is to reduce the turbidity of the well to allow for
representative sample collection and to provide data that will be used to help evaluate the
potential extent of chloroform presence in the vicinity of the well.
Approach and Plan
Airlifting will commence following the Task 2 pumping, and the sample collection
described at the conclusion of Task 2. Airlifting will be done either with a specialtyjetting tool or by airlift pump method using an open-ended air pipe (educator).
Whichever method is selected (depending on the availability of service), precautions will
be taken that excessive air pressure, capable of destroying the casing, is avoided.
Work Plan/Chloroforfuestigation Phase 2
September 22,1999
Page 5 of5
The airliftirig will continue until the presence of particulate matter in the discharged
water is significantly reduced. It is expected that approximately eight hours of airlifting
may suffice to clean up the well screen.
Approximately eight to sixteen hours following the completion of airlifting, another
groundwater sample will be collected by placing a disposable bailer near the center of the
water column in the well, and collecting enough sample for laboratory VOC analysis (one
vial) and for field headspace analysis (one jar), at the same depth. In addition, to address
a separate issue raised by UDEQ, a sample will be collected for the analysis of gross
alpha, nitrate+nitrite (N), manganese, selenium, total uranium, ammonia, iron, and
tetrahydrofuran.
Additional pumping will follow recovery of the water level after airlifting. Pumping will
continue with a constant, sustainable pumping rate ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 gpm. The
exact rate will be determined from observations and calculations made in Task 1. The
pumping will continue until the volume of water equal to that pumped out during the
Purging (Task 2) is removed from the perched zone. This will result in the second
flushing of the perched zone of water potentially contacted by chloroform from MW-4.
It should remove a significant portion of the matter causing excessive turbidity of the
groundwater, and if not, indicate that the turbidity cannot be readily remedied.
Approximately three to four weeks following the completion of the final pumping,
another groundwater sample will be collected by placing a disposable bailer near the
center of the water column in the well, and collecting enough sample for laboratory VOC
analysis (one vial) and for field headspace analysis (one jar), at the same depth. In
addition, to address a separate issue raised by UDEQ, a sample will be collected for the
analysis of gross alpha, nitrate+nitrite (N), manganese, selenium, total uranium,
ammonia, iron, and tetrahydrofuran.
L';:::,x',";:;
CoRponattox
6"125S.Hrry. 191 . P.O.Box809. Blanding,UTS-tsll . fl0l67ti222l(plrone) . tiOl 678222"1(tirx)
September 30,
Via Facsimile and Overnieht Mail
Don A. Ostler, P. E.
Executive Secretary
Utatr Water Quality Board
P.O. Box 16690
288 North 1460 West
salt Lake city, uT 84116-0690
Re: Transmittal of Phase I Chloroform Source Assessment Report for Chloroform
Investigation Phase I - Utah DEQ Notice of Violation and Groundwater
Corrective Action Order, IIDEQ Docket No. UGQ-20-01, Iss;r.red on August 23,
t999.
Dear Mr. Ostler:
Following lnternational Uranium (USA) Corporation's ("IUSA's") letter of September
21, 1999, and in accordance with IUSA's plan and timetable for conducting a
Groundwater Contaminant Investigatioq this letter transmits the Phase I Chloroform
Source Assessment Report.
If you have any questions regarding this report, please contact Mchelle Rehmann at
(303) 38e-4r31.
Vice President and General Counsel
DCF/kas
Cclatt; Dianne Nielsorq DEQ
William I. Sinclair, DEQ
LorenMortorU DRC
David Cunninghanl DEQ, SE District Health Department
Dave Arrioti, DEQ SE District Health Department
Fred Nelsoq Utah Asst. Attorney General
Terry Brown, U.S. EPARegion MII
Milt Lammering, U.S. EPA Region VIII
John Surmeier, U.S. NRC, Washington DC
Bill von Till, U.S. NRC, Washington DC
Charles Hackney, U.S. NRC, Region IV
Michelle R. Rehmann
Earl E. Hoellen
Harold R. Roberts
William N. Deal
Ronald E. Berg
CHLOROFORM SOITRCE ASSESSMENT REPORT
SEPTEMBER 30, 1999
Submitted to:
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Submitted by:
International Uranium (USA) Corporation
Denver, Colorado
Contact: Michelle Rehmann
303.389.4131
I O INTRODUCTION
This report descnbes the investigations which have been conducted to date on potential
sources tbr the chlorofbrm detected in Monitoring Well # 4 (MW4), at the International
Uranium (USA) Corporation (IUSA) White Mesa Uranium Mill near Blanding, Utah.
The report summarizes the interviews conducted, the historical records reviewed, and the
fieldwork performed to identif;v such sources. This investigation represents Phase I of
the efforts to characterize the occurrence, distribution, and fate of chlorotbrm in MW-1.
Chloroform was detected in MW-l during groundwater split-sampling with Utah DEQ
beginning in May 11, 1999. The results of groundwater analyses indicated chloroform
present in groundwater from MW4 at concenfrations in the 4.52 - 4.70 mg/L range.
Monitoring Well #4 is located about 1000 feet southeast of the mill and about 600 feet
east of tailings Cell No. 2 (Figures 1 and 2). Water level in MW4 is approximately 70
feet below land surface, and the monitoring well is located generally cross-gtadient to the
direction of groundwater flow. At the site, the hydraulic gradient is generally to the
south/southwest.
I
It-'
I/
-{oIia> t-,.
i'=
|--'--|--r--,a-,--,
nc"-. Iqd
tltltl,l;\\
,(
I
III
\\\\I
q)
a)
C3
oo.
U
1=v)>3c,
o)
=Z'=c.t
ls '=3B
=
o
c5
E()g
ET
.hoo
o
cO
(n
(.)
oo
o
o<.a
o0
Bo
C')
o.c0
z,
d
O.
C)
a
()
oo
AO
E! ,ffi
i! il=a b R
6
3
aS(,zzo
=JU1 )U^JtD i. V) t!,
X.oY-ao-J(,(Lr,r J Z -t=tr4o5^Ar=ffiJZI-A
at==YEE-g-,r8
O=LJtrJtnIi;
<oo+n s
\
I
I
,t
Vt
Il,t
\/l-,
\-\
etJ
I\
'ai,loo)t
E,*t
lr
I
lrrrrl
/-/
I)
v/'l
,
.^- r?t \,
.s l'-,
I\
I\
\
t
I
rJ
:)-ix ,i
uJoo-zolrEoo- rD
oJ
=ozr
/-
I
,r
|'irtr-arI
\/l\t
\-\
--rJ
t
\
\
\
-f
I
6,)>
oo
.E
o
o
o
.9
(!
C)oJ
e\t
C)
oo
I
!I
I
I
!
t
!
I
!
!
I
:
? <R
B
,\? i)t )'.-r$
l,
{ntr\/
Irrrrrt
/-/
I
//
a, /'l
,
N
I
I
=
,I
=
I
o<3ls
<..J:ol]
\
,=!z
tl
Vt
,l,
v
I
\
l
\td
V,q
,QJ,\ .---I
I
l
I
,
{
9
{o
t!
a
!rr
:.- )-(-uor{rJoo-zo:)(rO
o-(D
t - - r tt - r ! - | - r tl r , - a r -
no-"-.>[.r)5o
II
;
I
;
,l
$-
-{oI3
1: t-r-&< i. o
LAND-USE HISTORY
The land-use history of the site was reconstructed through personal interviervs, searches
of records, and examination of aerial photographs of the area obtained from the USGS
and BLM. lnterviews with people familiar with the area described various agricultural,
industrial, and defense activities. An attempt to farm the site was made in 1929. The
effort was unsuccessful and was abandoned within a couple of years because of a lack of
irrigation water. Other agricultural activities continued with limited success through the
1940's.
In the late 1950's, the town of Blanding built unlined sewer ponds northeast of the mill
site at the head of Corral Canyon. The Blanding South USGS topographic map and aerial
photo examination indicates an irrigation ditch supplying water to the area north of the
mill. This irrigation ditch runs along the west edge of a trucking company maintenance
shop located about 2%miles north of the mill site. The truck maintenance shop was used
from 1964 until 1970, and apparently disposed of waste oil in an adjacent leach field.
During the 1960's and 1970's, the Army conducted missile tests in the Blanding area.
Pershing and Athena missiles were fired from mobile launchers on Black Mesa west of
the mill site, and aradar tracking station was located about I mile northeast of the mill
site, on the east side of Corral Canyon. The radar site had several portable buildings and
radar dishes that stayed in place for several years. This site can be seen on the aerial
photos taken in 1975 and is indicated on the original mill site maps dated 1987.
An examination of the aerial photo record shows changes in land use over the last 44
years. There is no indication of any foundations in the mill area. A pond constructed in
the area of the mill was breached in 1955; in the photos taken in 1975, the pond had been
reconstmcted and was holding water again. The "stock pond" east of the ore pad area at
the mill was not there in 1955, but by 1975 it had been constructed and was holding
water. tn 1955, the town sewage ponds did not exist; in 1975, the ponds had been
constructed and the infrared photos show vegetation growth patterns that indicate leakage
or discharge. Photos taken in 1984 show that the sewage ponds were expanded by the
addition of two more cells surrounding the original trvo cells.
The truck maintenance shop can be clearly seen on all the photographs taken after 1955.
In the 1975 BLM infrared photos, the inigation ditch can be clearly seen passing along
the western edge of the parking area adjacent to the truck maintenance shop and
providing water to ponds and fields north of the mill site.
Aerial photos taken in 1975 clearly show the Army missile-tracking station northeast of
the mill site. The 1978 photos show that the Plateau Resources and Energy Fuels Nuclear
ore-buying stations were constructed and operating.
3 O OFF.SITE SOTIRCES OF CHLOROFORM
Properties upgradient of the White Mesa Uranium Mill have been used for agncultural,
industnal, and defense activities. It is impossible to ascertain whether chemicals such as
chlorotbrm were or were not used in these activities. Agricultural activit-y in the area of
the mill site provides a possible source for contamination of soils and groundwater by
chloroform.
3 l Off-Site Inigation
For many years, the land and properties upgradient of the mill have been used for
agriculture. The mill site itself was farmed and ranched pnor to its purchase for use as a
uranium milling facility. Agricultural uses of chloroforrn as a solvent for equipment
degreasing, for spraying of pesticides, or for treating grain storage with fumigants may
have contaminated soil and groundwater at the mill site. The irrigation ditch that
historically provided water to ponds and fields north of the mill site may have served as
the pathway for agricultural or industrial contaminants. Pesticides may also have been
present in the irrigation ditch that crossed near MW4.
3.2 Relationship to Pesticides
In addition to elevated concentration of chloroform found in MW-4, chemicalanalyses of
the groundwater reported traces of three pesticides: Dachthal, Picloram, and Silvex.
Neither Dachthal nor any other pesticide has been applied on the mill property, nor has
any pesticide been detected in alternate feeds processed at the mill. All three pesticides
are defoliants historically and currently used for purposes such as:
. Defoliation and de-weeding of roadside nght-of-ways;. Defoliating and de-weeding banks adjacent to surface water channels;
o Direct introduction into surface water bodies to destroy plant growth;
. Removal of bio-fouling from irrigation channels and piping;
o Removal of woody plants in rangeland; and
o Management of weeds on agricultural land.
Groundwater from monitoring Well # 15 reported traces of 4, 4' -DDT, a pesticide no
longer in agricultural use. All four pesticides are typically synthesized in chloroform and
require that they be dissolved in a hydrocarbon or solvent carrier before spraying.
Properties upgradient of the mill have nearly a century of agricultural use history and
could have used these or other pesticides for crop spraying or silo fumigation.
4.0 ON-SITE SOURCES OF CHLOROFORM
Chloroform was never used in mill processing operations, and essentially none of the
altemate feed that has arrived at the mill for processing contained detectable levels of
chloroform. The one exception was a few drums of concentrate containing chloroform in
the ppm levels, which is of no significance whatsoever to the mill's tailings system.
Since the beginning of activities at the White Mesa Uranium Mill, the only use fbr
chloroform was in laboratory analyses of uranium. A volumetric method used by the
Iaboratory to analyze for uranium consumed chloroform. Based on an estimate of
laboratory activity, ahnual usage is estimated between 50 and 100 gallons oFchloroform
per year between 1977 and 1984. Between 1985 and 1990, about 108 gallons were used
in total for laboratory analyses purposes. In the early 1980's, the laboratory switched to a
colorimetric method for uranium analyses that used no chloroform. In 1995, the
laboratory reverted to running a higher percentage of volumetric analyses, and has since
been averaging about 60 gallons of chloroforrn usage per year. These estimates of
chloroform usage are hased on a review of purchasing records and deliveries to the site.
Between t977 and 1979, a temporary laboratory was analyzing ore samples and
conducting amenability tests on uranium ore. Liquid effluent that would have included
chloroform from the volumetric analyses of uranium was discharged to a septic system
and leach field constructed in 1977 by Energy Fuels Nuclear. The lab functions were re-
located to the new offrce/lab building in early 1979. This septic system and leach field
which is located southwest of the existing scale house continues to be utilized today for
sanitary waste.
Another leach field was constructed in conjunction with the new office/lab building in
1979, andwas located southeast of the building and directly east of the paved parking lot.
This leach field rvas primarily used for sanitary waste from the office and change rooms,
but also accepted lab wase from early 1979 to mid-1980, when the first tailings cell was
put into use. At the time that the leach field was receiving lab wastes, the liquid effluents
from the laboratory were piped around the septic tank to avoid killing the "bugs" in the
septic system. This leach field was taken out of service in 1993 and replaced by a lift
station and a new leach field north-northwest of the scale house. There is no direct line
for lab waste to be discharged into this system.
In l99},Energy Fuels also obtained a permit for disposal of solid waste in an area east of
the mill ore storage area, and very near the site of one of the existing wildlife diversion
ponds. By permit condition, liquid wastes were specifically excluded. An inspection by
the Southwestern Utah Distnct Health Department on June 20,1983, found the sanitary
landfill operating properly. The site was closed in 1993 when approval was granted to
put all wastes in the tailings cells.
4.1 Discharge of Laboratory Effluent
Prior to 1980, all of the laboratory liquid wastes, which would have included chlorotbrm,
were discharged to the leach tjelds as described above. Once the tailings system was
operational in May 1980, Iiquid eff'tuent from the laboratory was collected in a holding
tank on the north side of the building and allowed to overflow by way of a pipeline to the
tailings cells. The existence and functioning of this drain pipeline fiom the laboratory to
Cell No. I were confirmed in July of 1999 by visual inspection and by dye-tracing water
from the lab to the cell. No leaks in the drain line were noted.
4.2 Cells as Source of Chloroform
Since 1980, Cell No. I has received laboratory effluent containing small amounts of
chloroform. As reported in the "Hydrogeologrcal Evaluation of White Mesa Uranium
Mill, prepared by TITAN Environmental Corporation in 1994, tailings solution from the
slimes drain indicated about 0.017 mg lL chloroform. This concentration is orders of
magnitude lower than the concentration found in MW4 (4.52 - a.70 mglL).
Other hydrological and geochemical evidence indicate that the cells are not the source of
chloroform found in MW-4. Monitoring Well #4 is located cross-gradient to
groundwater flow in the area. The hydraulic gradient is to the south-southwest, and there
is no basis to assume that chloroform or any other constituent would have migrated
laterally to I\,/tW-4. If anything, changes in water levels at the eastern edge of the mill site
indicate inflow of groundwater from off-site and upgradient of the monitoring wells.
Secondly, there has been no change in the major ion chemistry of the groundwater in
MW4, or for that matter, in any of the monitoring wells located in the footprint of the
tailings cells or downgradient of the tailings impoundments. Had seepage from the
tailings cells somehow migrated cross-gradient to l\'fw-4, a change in the water-qualiry
fingerprint of the groundwater would have been observed. Tailings solutions impounded
in the cells are highly acidic, and greatly elevated in magnesium, chloride, and sulfate
concentrations. The groundwater in MW-4 is presently, and has always been, a calcium-
sulfate qp€ water.
4.3 Leach Fields as Sources of Chloroform
Prior to 1980, liquid effluent was discharged from a temporary laboratory into a leach
field that is located southwest of the existing scale house. These eflluents probably
contained chloroform. Although unlikely, another leach field located southeast of the
office/lab building may have received liquid effluent from early 1979 to mid-1980. Both
areas were targeted for further investigation.
Taking a pro-active position, IUSA commissioned a soil gas survey in the soils in and
around the leach frelds, the inigation ditch, and MW-4. The soil gas survey was
conducted in early September by Tracer Research Corporation, under the oversight of
HYDRO GEO CHEM, tNC. The soil gas sampling rvas conducted primarily to delineate
any potential shallow soil (alluvial) source arsa that may have caused the chlorolorm
occurrences in MW-t. The survey was turther designed to test the hypothesis that
chlorotbrm originating in the leach fields could have migrated laterally rvithin the
alluvium to the south toward MW-l. and to determine whether chloroform volatilizing
from the perched groundwater could be detected in soil gas within the overlying
alluvium.
The results of the extensive soil gas survey are presented in a report prepared by Tracer
Research lntemational, and the results are interpreted in a letter report prepared by
HYDRO GEO CHEM, INC. This letter report is atached to this Chloroform Source
Assessment Report as Appendix A, and a description of the field work and mobile
laboratory analyses are attached as Appendix B.
The soil gas at approximately 37 locations wils sampled and analyzed on-site for
chloroform, methylene chloride, and carbon tetrachloride using a hydraulically activated
drive-point rig and separate mobile laboratory. The approximate locations of the soil gas
sample collection points are provided in the figures of Appendix A. Samples were
collected in the areas of the historic leach fields located southwest of the existing scale
house, southeast of the office/lab building, along the irrigation ditch, and near MW4. In
addition, one gas sample was collected from the casing of MW-4, at a depth of about 50
feet below land surface to verifu the presence of chloroform in the well. The sampling
and analyses indicated chloroform at an air concentration of 140 micrograms per liter,
and carbon tetrachloride at an air concentration of 0.5 micrograms per liter.
Figures 3 through 5 in Appendix A show the preliminary results measured in soil gas
collected at the site. Chloroform concentrations ranged from non-detect to 0.5
micrograms per liter. Based on the results of the soil gas survey, the soils sampled at the
site contain only minor quantities of chloroform. Slightly higher concentrations detected
in the areas of the leach fields suggest that chloroform could have entered the soil
through the leaching fields in the past.
No samples collected along the imgation ditch contained detectable levels of chloroform.
The irrigation ditch was sampled for several miles north of the stock pond.
The lack of significant chloroform in the soil gas samples collected near MW4 would be
consistent with recent contamination of the well itself. There may have been insufficient
time for chloroform to volatilize from the groundwater near the well bore into the
overlying alluvial soils.
50 TAMPERING
In light of the results of the soil gas survey, tampering cannot be ruled out as an
explanation for the presence of chloroform in MW4. Monitoring Well #4 is located on
the boundary of the restricted area, with only a barbed wire fence separating the well
from the highway. View of the well from the mill is obstructed by two large topsoil
piles. It is possible for someone to loiter at the MW4 location and not be observed from
the mill (Figure 3).
Since construction and untiljust before the split sampling event, the PVC casing in MW-
4 never had a cap installed (Figure 4). Moreover, the original steel protector cap was
held in place by a lock that permitted the steel cap to be lifted thus providing access to
the open PVC casing (Figure 5). Since the time of split -sampling event, the PVC casing
has been repaired and capped, and the well secured with a steel protector cap and locks as
prescribed in RCRA Groundwater Monitoring Enforcement Guidance Document (Figure
6).
Figurc 3.Photograph showilrg
with mill building on
the Northwest.
MW-4 located between two soil ltiles,
the horizon approxirnately lB00 lbet to
Figure 4.Photograph ol'MW-4 with well cap rnissing.
Figure 5. Photograph ol'MW-4 with original steel protector cap and
single lock.
GAS VENT TUBE
-+r- GAS VENT
cH
YYELL CAP
STEEL PROTECTOR CAP I{ITH LOCKS
RVEYOR'S PIN (FLUSH MOUNT)
CONCRETE WELL APRON
(MINIMUM RAOIUS OF 3 FEET
ANO 'r TNCHES fHICK)
CONTINUOUS POUR CONCRETE CAP
AXO WELL APROT{ IEXPANOING CEMENT)
-
CEMENT ANO SOOIUM
BEI{TONITE MIXTURE
.-- IIELL OTAMETEF .3"
BOFEHOLE OIAMETER . IO' TO 1?'
IttOMINAL OIMENSIONI
ANNUT.AR SEALANT
FILTER PACK (2 FEET OR
LESS ASOVE SC8EEN'
P('TET{TIOM ETR I C SU R FACE
SCsEEXEO II{TERVAL
Schematic diagram of monitoring well illustrating the security
provided by steel protector cap with proper locks installed
(OSWER-9950. I , Figure 3-1, p.79).
ul2oN
talat
g-oiaogF
CtF
a
Figure 6.
l_r
6.0 CONCLUSIONS
The pro-active position taken by IUSA to conduct interviews, search historical records,
and commission heldwork and analyses has made progress in delineating the source of
the chloroform detected in MW4. The research identified potential offisite soutces
including, but not limited to agricultural, industrial, and defense activities which were
conducted upgradient of the mill facilities. The research also identified historic on-site
activities that could have contributed to chloroform contamination in MW-4.
The results of the soil gas survey have not identified any areas of shallow soil
contamination at the mill site that would require remediation, or that represent a
continuing source of chloroform to perched groundwater at the site. The slightly elevated
concentrations detected in the soils of the leach fields are consistent with chloroform
having entered these systems sometime in the past. The absence of detectable chlorotbrm
concentrations along the abandoned irrigation ditch suggests that the ditch was not a
source for the chloroform in MW4, or in any soils at the mill site.
The soil gas datain the vicinity of MW-4 is consistent with recent contamination of MW-
4 itself. This interpretation is supported by observations indicating negligible migration
of chloroform away from the well bore and/or insuflicient time for chloroform to
volatilize from groundwater near the well bore into the overlying alluvium.
The lack of security at MW4, along with the results of the soil gas survey, cannot rule
out tampering ils an explanation for the presence of chloroform in MW4
APPENDIX A
HYDRO GEO CfmM Letter Report
Soil Gas Sampling Results
September 9,1999
Michelle Rehmann
International Uranium Corporation
Independence Plaza, Suite 950
1050 Seventeenth Street
Denver, Colorado 80265
Dear Michelle,
This letter report presents the preliminary results and discusses the implications of the soil
gas sampling performed at the White Mesa Mill Site near Blanding, Utah, between August 31, and
September 2, 1999. As you are aware, the soil gas sampling was conducted primarily to delineate
any potential shallow soil (alluvial) source area that may have resulted in the chloroform
concentrations observed in monitoring well MW-4, which is completed in the perched water zone
within the Burro Canyon/Dakota sandstone. According to information you provided, laboratory
wastes containing chloroform may have entered now abandoned leaching fields located just
southwest of the scale house and just southeast of the main office building between approximately
20 years ago and the time that the leaching fields were abandoned (Figure 1). The survey was further
designed to test the hypothesis that dissolved chloroform originating from the abandoned leaching
fields may have migrated laterally within the alluvium to the south toward IvfW-4, and to determine
whether chloroform volatilizing from perched groundwater within the Burro Canyon/Dakota
sandstone would be detectable in soil gas within the overlying alluvium. An additional hypothesis,
that chloroform originating offsite may have been carried to the south into the vicinity of MW4 via
the abandoned irrigation canal, was also tested.
Soil gas samples were collected and analyzed on-site for chloroform, methylene chloride, and
carbon tetrachloride, by Tracer Research Corporation, using a hydraulically activated drive-point rig
a6rd separate mobile laboratory. Oversight of the soil gas survey was provided by Hydro Geo Chem,
Inc. The approximate locations of soil gas sample collection points are provided in Figure 2.
Samples 34 through 37 were collected off the map area, along the old irrigation ditch to the north
of the wildlife pond. Sample 34 was collected within the ditch approximately 0.35 miles north of
sample 27. Samples 35 and 36 were collected adjacent to the ditch approximately 0.66 miles and
0.95 miles north of sample 27, respectively, and sample 37 was collected adjacent to the ditch at the
northern property boundary.
DRAFT
HlTlE000Eomspondence\990809 Itr to Mich€lle .wpd
Ms. Michelle Rehmann
September 9, 1999
Page 2
Samples were collected at depths ranging from approximately 4.5 ft below land surface (bls)
to 13.5 ft below land surface (bls). At many locations, samples were collected at two depths
(Figure 2). The deep sample at each multi-depth location, and samples at the remaining locations,
were generally collected at the depth of refusal. The depth of refusal is believed, at most locations,
to be near or at the contact between the overlying alluvium and underlying sandstone bedrock. Soil
samples were also collected at soil gas sampling location #l (Figure 2) at depths of approximately
7 and 10 ft bls. These samples were submitted to Turner Laboratories in Tucson, Arizona, for
analysis of total organic carbon (TOC) and moisture content. These results will be used to convert
soil gas concentrations into total soil concentrations. [n addition, one gas sample was collected from
the casing of MW4 at a depth of approximately 50 ft bls to verify the presence of chloroform in the
well. Preliminary results indicated chloroform at a concentration of 140 prg/L and carbon
tetrachloride at a concentration of 0.5 trlL in this sample.
Figures 3 through 5 show the preliminary chloroform, methylene chloride, and carbon
tetrachloride concentrations measured in soil gas samples collected at the site. A tabulation of these
preliminary results is provided in the attachment. As indicated, chloroform concentrations ranged
from non-detect (ND) to 0.5 pg/L (gas), methylene chloride from ND to 0.2 ttglL, and carbon
tetrachloride from ND to 0.001 prgil. Based on these results, the soils sampled at the site contain
only minor quantities of these compounds. Methylene chloride concentrations may have resulted
from biodegradation of chloroform. The slightly higher concentrations detected in the vicinity of
the abandoned leaching fields suggests that these compounds likely entered the soil through both
leaching fields in the past. The low concentrations remaining in soils is consistent with either l)
only small quantities of these compounds having entered the systems in the past or 2) natural
attenuation resulting from volatilization, dilution, and anaerobic biodegradation. No samples
collected along the irrigation ditch (samples 34 through 38) contained detectable levels of any of
these compounds.
Although soil gas sampling is frequently useful in delineating volatile organic compound
distributions in groundwater, the extremely low concentrations of chloroform detected in soil gas
samples adjacent to MW-4 suggests that soil gas is not effective at delineating chloroform
concentrations in the perched groundwater at this site. This is likely due to I ) depths to groundwater
qf 70 to 100 feet, 2) the competent nature of the upper portion of the sandstone bedrock at the site,
and 3) low-permeability layers present in the upper portion of the sandstone bedrock at the site.
These conditions would tend to limit volatilization of chloroform from the groundwater into the
overlying alluvium where the soil gas samples were collected. The lack of significant chloroform
in soil gas samples near MW-4 would also be consistent, however, with recent contamination of the
well itself assuming insufficient time for volatilization of chloroform from the groundwater near the
well bore into the overlying alluvial soils.
DRAFT
H:\71 8000Eorespondence\990809 ltr to Michelle .wpd
Ms. Michelle Rehmann
September 9,1999
Page 3
In summary, preliminary soil gas sampling results have not identified any areas of shallow(alluvial ) soil contamination at the site that would require remediation or that represent a continuing
source to perched groundwater. The slightly elevated concentrations detected in the vicinity of the
abandoned leaching fields are consistent with chloroform having entered these systems sometime
in the past. The data also show that soil gas sampling of the shallow soils at the site is not useful indelineating perched, groundwater chloroform concentrations, assuming that chloroform
concentrations in groundwater extend away from the immediate vicinity of MW-4. The data are also
consistent with recent contamination of MW-4 itself assuming negligible migration of chloroform
away from the well bore and./or insufficient time for volatilization of chloroform from groundwater
near the well bore into the overlying alluvium. The absence of detectable chloroform concentrations
along the abandoned irrigation ditch indicates that the ditch was not a likely source for the
chloroform in MW-4, or in any soils at the site.
These conclusions are subject to change based on the final soil gas analytical results
provided by Tracer Research Corporation and the soil sample analytical results. Please call me in
Tucson if you have any questions or comments.
Yours truly,
Stewart Smith
Senior Hydrogeologist
Attachments
DRAFT
H:\7 I 800lConespondcnce\990809 ltr to Michelle . wpd
Tracer Research Corp.
3755 N. Business Center Dr.
Tucson, AZ BS7O5
clienusite: INTERNAT|ONAL uRANtuM/wHtrE MESA MILUBLANDING,UTAH
Date: U31/99
Analvst: KATE PTAK
Job Number: 30553{00.5
CH2CL2 cHcL3 CCL4
SAMPLE pg/L pg/L pg/L
AIR <0.07 <0.002 <0.0004
sc-l-10'
sG.2-7
sG-3{.5'
sG-{-7'
sc-{-l1'
sG-5-7'
SG-5{.5'
sG4-7'
sG4-16.5'
sG-7-7'
sG€-7'
sc{il2'
sG-9-7
sc-l0-7'
sc-l0-10.5.
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
0.2
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
0.07
0.002
<0.002
<0.002
0.02
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
0.002
0.01
<0.002
<0.002
0.02
<0.002
0.002
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0m4
0.0004
0.0(x)4
0.0004
0.0004
Draft Data 02109/1999
Tracer Researcfr Corp.
3755 N. Business Center Dr.
Tucson, AZ 85705
ClienUSite: INTERNATIONAL URANIUMTWHITE MESA MILUBLANDING,UTAH
Date: 8r3l/99
Analvst: KATE PTAK
Job Numben 30553{X!O.S
CH2CL2 CHCL3 CCL4
SAMPLE pgrL pgrL pgrL
sG-11-7 <0.07 <0.002 0.0004
sG-12€' <0.07 <0.002 0.0004
Draft Data 0209/1999
Tracer Research Corp.
3755 N. Business Center Dr.
Tucson, AZ 85705
clienuSite: INTERNATIONALURAN|UM/wHtrEMESA M|LUBLAND|NG,UTAH
Date: 09101/1999
Analvst: KATE PTAK
Job Number: 305S]-000.S
GH2CL2 CHCL3
AIR
MWI-AIR
sc-i3-5'
sc-i5€'
SG-l6-5'
sG-14-5.5'
sc-l7-5'
sc-i9€.5'
sG-20-5'
sc-2r-7
AIR
sc-lE-5.5'
sG-22€'
sG-23-7
sc-24-t0'
sG-2$7
sG-26-16'
<0.07
<0.7
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
0.07
<0.002
140
0.004
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
0.0004
0.5
0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.o(xx
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0001
<0.0m4
<0.0004
0.000.1
0.0004
0.ooo4
<0.0004
Drafi Data 0209/1999
Tracer Researcfr Corp.
3755 N. Business Center Dr.
Tucson, AZ gS70S
clienuSite: INTERNATIONAL uRANtuMlwHtrE MESA MILUBI-ANDING,UTAH
Date: 09/021999
Analvst: KATE PTAK
Job Numben 30553{XX}.S
CH2CL2 GHCL3 CCL4
SAMPLE xg/L pg/L rc[L
AIR
sG-27€'
sG-29-9'
sG-2$,9
SG.3().9'
sG-31-9'
sG-32-g'
sG-33-9'
AIR
sG-34-7
sG-35-5'
sG364.5'
sG-37-g'
sG-37B-9'
SG.3E€'
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
0.04
0.5
0.07
0.004
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
0.001
<0.0004
0.0004
<0.0004
0.0004
<0.0004
<0.fixx
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.00(N
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
Draft Data 0209/1999
lsb.t
)
.1 ii/
)li
t
,/'
)
.
j--' *
o'
r-)
r)
DRATT
I
t
I
)
I'AAANIOONITO
\RnrcaroruI DITCH(
(rJ(
I
I
N
A
l
__.L
EXPLANATION a 1c0 20a 30c 40c
AFPROXIMATE SCALE IN FEE-
mN
APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF ORIGINAL
LEACH F|ELD (Now ABANDONED)
APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF LATER
LEACH FIELD (Now ABANDoNED)
I
)it/"l)z1t,, L-/( \
t\
1fi
t ll't\
ABANDONED LEACH FIELDS
INTERNATIONAL URANIUM CORP.ffi#
FTTDRO
GEO
CI{EIvI. n\TC.Date
9/9/99
R eference:
71800002
\,\?\ _:-
\. .rf.4r' )
- .*idi\
t\
r\. (--.-\ \,/
.t*t
I
I-l
'l )
," -'-sr-_/+
Y)
t,^,-'-\ I I( ''j l.t\
JL./ L:a.;,s
\I
s+,:a I
\
i!-\ (r-It\r-
'i- I
-'' ') i i. \ \,.
"t/t\\! t '.\ \,'"tu i l\tI .--) {t-l i'[.'*"-' i+"- ,) ,-\. )1i)-L//-r / liA
) ( ,, /..-r.)) i r,^i,j lilti ttt-t--f'lll,i
"'
i:-/ ,,',il ('l
tl ,i \-'u,l! I '/ \n
) i.^-- ), ll/ /'! ''" ,,lll {! ,-v''--'-Jt ii i' v li i
. sa<: I,.r- 'i'
!
l^
)/-/.
)'j
ltt//(i L
(\\
( \.,'\ // /// ll /
( J/
(-(
It/ ;
)lli,
I
\'\\\rtt1!litiY/'\.. 1\t\.r )'* L-r-l )
t*>\/--__ \. /
7t,/ WLDLIFE
-\-----l^
__t )IV't^
l/t\
i(.U
i
iL-
i
I
,r' I
I\1l\)i, i:lR, Iil\l't \
)
o'
rJ
)
DRAFT
I
/ ,bv.
0 100 204 300 400
AFPROXIMATE SCALI IN FITT
-i)
t
1'Il1'r- L]
l,/
/l . rr.-ai
EXPLANATION
E GROUNDWATER MONITORING WELL
. SOIL GAS SAMPLING LOCATION
G) MULTI_DEPTH SOIL GAS SAMPLING
LOCATION
a-
ANDONED
RIGATION
DITCH
N
A
i
I
I
ffi'&
HYDRO
GEO
C}IEM, INC.
APPROXIMATE SOIL GAS SAMPLING LOCATIONS
INTERNATIONAL URANIUM CORP.
WHITE MESA SITE
71800001
f so rrrnoucr-r sz { (ALL ND)
\(,)') l) f^Ns\\\ir
ffpdNHGlt\fifl/ilrr
F, (\ i tr4:! .. ilfl/ J/l/l I
1 ll^ ) I il ilflr-,' *L'l.l'I' ilrll i/i/\\'Il{1 Ilr' ilffl:---=-Yi-Wll\ll -,
i/lt ll! i /ftt--^.. )ffit ur=
I tl I I I I i1V \u,llflullllr,
I I I t-.-r,'<'ll I (A\ iYllll lllll -t
lii 'l\ '.\irW
,l il ..- \ '.. r--'-\\li ll'a*:S* i i lil t k-- 7t- I ^.\-r/i--\ ,\ l.
{:{i'? r ("V5,++
tt \';;8, ;'ii t
H | ,' ,l'i r-,, /' i: i
il+,r ij"--; / .t ,,1 J
d.J',j ,',h -,
. | ,,'' .,.'/ -/'
'lli,i,' ;'\i' 1 i /'
il l,'i (ti ,'' i (
$,,i i.-_-'.l--:L.{ir--i-l I i i r l
r'i;i--------'2 <,' .i i*i i',,i,': t tti.'i (,t1 l
; i -i i -,.,\'i
," ,i { -"-- \, l"'( ( \' i \ t- ,'z-'1 \'\. \
i' (' ,,i ,i'*.--)j ') '
-(','ij,'''\..
mi;-;'--'i i{,')>
;]ilffi --,- ri lr,\
W'i,]'[i ij'
W:' ,) ,t' ! - ,," \ -"oro*ro*.,-..^ \*' ( i J ', ,' \RRtcaroru
^ U%0, t, ,i^ \, ll/ ) o''6'''
ffi-ffi^ ,i i -\-,/ -,jil 4 )\YIii ^ #t 1 a
,.qU1\=""-'i
i' ;"'/ "'-'- -,il I -
'-_--r( )lv
tF,DJr
s3-t:,9
DRAFT
\i1\
.,^tG-'I\U
l
\
-/uD./)
.dooq'
..Fd-. -. .!-:',*r
EXPLANATION
E GRoUNDWATER MONITORING WELL
O SOIL GAS SAMPLING LOCANON0.002 sHowNG coNCENTRATTON rN ugll
O MULTI_DEPTH SOIL GAS SAMPLINGND LOCATION SHOWNG CONCENTRANONS AT
O.OO2 SHALLOWER AND DEEPER SAMPLING DEPTHS
ND : NOT DETECTED (<O.OOZ ug/t)
t\\\-^\
\
i il--,^.-'t
,rr-q
)I
: loc 200 300 Lac
AFPROX|[,,{A'iE SCALE IN FE:'i
.&* \{'
IMINARY SOIL GAS CHLOROFORM
CONCENTRATIONS lN uq/L
INTERNATIONAL URANIUM CORP.
WHITE MESA SITE
FTTDRO
GEO
c}ffird. Il{c.ffit R eierence:
71800004
'.t\ ,1^Zj I
I
I
I
(
i
)I
t
t
I
n
DR
E GROUNDWATER MONITORING WELI
. SOIL GAS SAMPLING LOCATION0.2 SHOWNG CONCENTRAION lN uglL
O MULTI-DEPTH SOIL GAS SAMPLINGND LOCANON SHOWNG CONCENTRATIONS AT0.2 SHALLOWER AND DEEPER SAMPLING DEPTHS
ND = NOT DE]ECTED (<0.O7 ug/L)
EXPLANATION I 100 2AA 30C 400
AFFROXIMATE SCALT IN FEE-|
FTTDRO
GEO
CHEI/T. fNC.
PRELIMINARY SOIL GAS METHYLENE CHLORIDE
INTEHNATIONAL
R efe. en C e:
71800003
APPENDIX B
TRACER RESEARCH COPJORATION
Shallow Soil Gas Survey / Soil Sample Collection
Tracen teseanchCorgoration
-'l,t.t
f:
i:
Vapor Trac& Shallow Soil Gas
Survey/Soil Sample Collection for
International Uranium Corporation
White Mesa Mill
Blanding, Utah
August 3 I -September 2, 1999
!
Ia
'1
J
l
oT
U
racer tesearchorpotation
a].:l
I
l,'apor Trace@ Shallow Soil Gas Survey/
Soil Sample Collection for
international Uranium Corporation
White Mesa Mill
Blanding, Utah
August 3 I -September 2, 1999
Prepared for:
International Uranium Corporation
1050 lTth St. Suite 950
Denver Co. 80265
Telephone: [phone]
Facsimile: (303) 389-4t25
Prepared by:
Tracer Research Corporation
3755 North Business Center Drive
Tucson, Arizona 85705
Telephone: [phone]Facsirnile: [phone]
-'l
Submitted by:
Tracen FleseanehCorgoratign
'l'1
1.0 Vapor Trace@ Shallow Soil Gas Survq,,,.,.. ........ II'l objective" ........12.0 Site Descriptiort........... ....... I3.0 Soil Gas Sampling Methodologt ......... I4.0 Analytical Methodologt .................,.,.. 2
4.1. -Chromatographic System ....................24.2 Anaryses ..... .... ...._ ......:::-_....:::_..::::.-1.. ....... ...... :5.0 Quality Assurance and euatity Control..... .,,....,..4
5.1 Soil Gas Sampling euality Assurance. ....................45.2 Analyrical eualiry Assuranie Samples....... ..................... 56'0 Results .............. 6
APPENDIX A. Soil Gas Analysis Results.. ................. g
APPENDIX B. Complete Analytical Data...,. ....,....... g
APPENDIX C. Site Mop........ ..........J0
APPENDIX D. Logboof............ .........11
Tracer FleseanchCotporatron
1.0 Vapor Trace@ Shallow Soil Gas Survey
Tracer Research Corporation (Tracer Research) performed a L'apor Trace@ soil gasinvestigation and soil sample collection at White Mesa Mill in Blanding, Utah. Theinvestigation was conducted on August 3 I -September 2, 1999 for lnternational UraniumCorporation in Denver Colorado.
1.1 Objective
The purpose of the investigation was to determine the extent of possible soilcontamination by screening the shallow soil gas for the pr"s.n.. of volatile organiccompounds (VoCs). Soil gas samples were collect.o und analyzedfor the followinganalye class and compounds:
Analvte class: HALOGENATED HyDRocARBoNS (HALOCARBONS)
Methylene Chloride
Chloroform
Carbon Tetrachloride
2.0 Site Description
For this investigation, forty five soil gas samples were collected and analyzed from thirtyeight different sampling locations. Soil gas samples were collected at depths of 5'-16.5,feet below ground surface (bgs). Sampler *.i. iollected through dirt cover. Two soilsamples were collected at but were not anaylzed on site by Tracer Reseach. The on-siteInternational Uranium Corporation field representative,reported that the depth togroundwater was approximately 75'feet bgs. The direction of groundwatei flow was notreported.
3.0 Soil Gas Sampting Methodotogy
Custom fabricated 4-foot flights of 1.25-inch outer diameter (oD) drill steel wereassembled and pounded to a depth of 2.0'-15' feet with the hydraulic driven hammeringsystem' Once at the desired depth a post-run adapter was attached to clean l/4-inch ODpolyethylene tubing and lowered inside of the drill steel. The tubing was rotated to threadthe post-run adapter into the point holder on the downhole end of th-e probg. An o-ring atthe top of the post-run adapter threads ensures an airtight seal with thi point holder. The
I
IJ
September 13, 1999 30553-000.s
.l
)
l
.J
Ti":?""l"P?:":T
aboveground end of the polyethylene tubing was attached to an evacuation pump forsampling' Samples were collected in a glass syringe by inserting a syringe n..4. tluough
a short silicone rubber segment connecting the rubing io the .uu.uution fu,rp.
The soil gas flow was checked prior to sampling with a vacuum gauge. The vacuum was
monitored by a vacuum gauge to ensure an adequate gas flow from the vadose zone.Vacuum readings less than 2 inches of mercury (in Hg) below pump maximum indicatesufficient soil permeability and porosity for sampling. fh. volume of air within thepolyethylene tubing was purged by evacuating 2 to 3 tubing volumes of soil gas. The
evacuation time in seconds versus the vacuum in inches of mercury was used to calculate
the necessary evdcuation time. The vacuum in inches Hg was recorded as each samplinglocation. Soil gas vacuums ranged from 2-12 inches Hg. fhe maximum pump vacuum
was 20 inches Hg.
4.0 Analytical Methodology
During this investigation, up to l0 milliliters (mL) of soil gas rvere collected for each
sample and immediately analyzed in the Tracer Research analyical van. Subsamples(replicates) from these samples were injected into the gas chromatographs (GC) involumes of I to 500 microliters (pL) depending on thJvOC concenlrations in the
sample.
Analytical instruments were calibrated at the beginning of the investigation using freshworking standards made from National Instirute of Sciinces and Teclinology (NIST)
traceable standards and reagent blanked solvents. A second set of Labortoil, Control
Standards were made from a second source to QA-QC the working standaris thatcalibrated the analytical equipment.
4.1 Chromatographic System
A Hewlett-Packard 5890 gas chromatograph (GC), equipped with an electron capruredetector (ECD), flame ionization detector (FID), and two Hewlett packard comiutingintegrators were used for sample analysis. Chlorinated hydrocarbons were separated in
the GC on a 6-foot by l/8 inch OD packed analytical column (l% Spl000 stationary
phase bonded to 60/80 mesh carbopack support). The column was operated in atemperature-controlled oven. Nitrogen was used as the carrier gas for the Hewlett-
Packard 5890 gas chromatograph.
l
September I3, 1999 30553-000.s
O Ot"..er Freseareh mcorpora'io"llllll
The instrument calibrations were checked periodically throughout the day to monitor the
response factors and retention times. The following paragraphs explain the GC, ECD, t!!!lFID, processes.
GC Process
The sample is injected into the GC where it is swept through the analytical column by the
carrier gas. The detector senses the presence of a component different from the
carrier gas and converts that information to an electrical signal. The components of the
sample pass through the column at different rates, according to their individual properties,
and are detected by the detector. Compounds are identified by the time it takes them to
pass through the column (retention time).
ECD Process
The ECD captures low energy thermal electrons that have been ionized by beta particles.
The flow of these captured electrons into an electrode produces a small current, which is
collected and measured. When the halogen atoms (from halocarbons) are introduced into
the detector, electrons that would otherwise be collected at the electrode are captured by
the sample, resulting in decreased current. The current causes the computing integrator to
record a peak on a cluomatogram. The area of the peak is compared to the peak
generated by a known standard to determine the concentration of the analyte.
FID Process
The FID utilizes a flame produced by the Combustion of hydrogen and air. When a
component, which has been separated on the GC analyical column, is introduced into the
flame, a large increase in ions occurs. A collector with a polarizing voltage is applied
near the flame and the ions are attracted and produce a current, which is proportional to
the amount of the sample compound in the flame. The electrical current causes the
computing integrator to record a peak on a chromatogram. By measuring the area of the
peak and comparing that area to the integrator response of a known aqueous standard, the
concentration of the analye in the sample is determined.
4.2 Analyses
The detection limis for target compounds depend on the sensitivity of the detector to the
individual compound as well as the volume of the sample injection. The detection limits
_)
September 13, 1999 30553-000.s
?"..en FleseanchCotgoratron
't
Ii,]J
Ii
of the target compounds were calculated from the response factor, the sample injection
size, and the estimated minimum peak size (area) observed under the conditions of the
analyses. If any compound was not detected in an analysis, the detection limit is given as
a "less than" value, e.9., (0.002 pglL for Chloroform.
Table 1. Detection Limits for Target Compounds
5.0 Quality Assurance and Quality Control
Tracer Research's Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (eC) program was
followed to maintain data that was reproducible through the investigation. An overview
presenting the significant aspects of this program is presented on the following pages.
5.1 Soil Gas Sampling Quality Assura4ce
To ensure consistent collection of samples, the following procedures are performed.
I
SamplinLSystem
The soil gas sampling system is made up of the point holder (which holds the sampling
. point during emplacement), the post-run adapter that screws into it, and l/4-inch' polyethylene tubing. The point holder and post-run adapter are washed and baked after
each use. Drill steel does not come in contact with the sample and is cleaned as necessary
for regular maintenance. Clean polyethylene tubing is used for each sample and
discarded after sampling.
The polyethylene tubing is securely attached to the post-run adapter via a hose barb. The
post-run adapter screws into the point holder at the base of the probe and is sealed with an
J
Compound Approximate Detection Limit
fus/L)
Mqlhylene Chloride 0.07
Chloroform 0.002
Carbon Tetrachloride 0.0004
September 13,1999 30553-000.s
I
It!
Traeen FleseanchCorporatron
O-ring. The upper end of the polyethylene tubing is connected to the evacuation pump
with a silicone rubber tubing septum that permits syringe sampling. The entire system is
tested at the start of each sampling day to verify system integnty.
Samplins Probes
With the post run sampling system for soil gas, only the point holder and post-run adapter
come in contact with the sample and require decontamination. The drill steel itself is
isolated from the sample by clean polyethylene tubing and does not come in contact with
the sample. The drill steel is steam cleaned at the end of the day as part of the regular
maintenance schedule.
Glass Syrinees
Glass syringes are used for only one sample a day and are washed and baked out at night.
If they must be used twice, they are purged with carrier gas (nitrogen) and baked out
between probe samplings.
Samplins Efficiencv
Soil gas pumping is monitored by a vacuum gauge and flow meter to ensure that an
adequate flow of gas from the soil is maintained.
5.2 Analytical Quality Assurance Samples
Quality assurance samples are performed at the minimum frequencies listed in Table 2.
The actual frequency depends on the number of samples analyzed each day and the length
of time of the survey.
Table 2. Quality Arrurrr.. Samples
The ambient air samples are obtained on site by sampling the air immediaqely outside the
mobile analytical van and directly injecting it into the GC.
September 13, 1999 30553-000.s
Q"..er FlesearchCotporation
I
I
I
Analytical method blanks are taken to demonstrate that the analytical instrumentation
not contaminated. These are performed by injecting carrier gas (nitrogen) into the GC
with the sampling syringe. Subsampling syringes are also checked in this fashion.
Continuing calibration checks are analyzed to verify the detector response for the target
VOCs. If the response changes by more than twenty-five percent, the gas chromatograph
is recalibrated and new response factors are calculated.
A reagent blank is performed to ensure the solvent used to dilute the stock standards is
not contaminated. Analytical instruments are calibrated daily using fresh working
standards made from National Institute of Sciences and Technology traceable standards
and reagent blanked solvents.
Quantitative precision is assured by replicating analysis of ten percent of the samples.
Replicate analyses are performed by subsampling vapors from the same sampling
syringe.
The injector port septa through which samples are injected into the GC are replaced daily
to prevent possible gas leaks from the chromatographic column. All sampling and
subsampling syringes are decontaminated after use and are not used again until they have
been washed in anionic detergent and baked at 90oC.
The Laboratory Control Standard was made from a different source and was shot once a
day to QAQC the fresh working standards which calibrated the equipment.
6.0 Results
An overview of the analytical results is shown on Table 3. The analytical results from
this soil gas investigation are provided in Appendix A.,The data are presented by location
and by analyte concentration. When the compound was not detected, the detection limit
is presented as a "less than" value, e.g., <0.1 vglL. Soil gas samples are identified by
sample location and sampling depth. For example, SG-4-5'represents a soil gas sample
collected from location 4 at 5 feet deep.
I
'i
,,.]l
I
J
September 13,1999 30553-000.s
Table 3.
Ot"r.er FleseaFch mco'ro ora'i o'lul
Summary of Soil Gas Analytical Results
i
I
ri
I-)
N = non detect
NA=not applicable
i
i
-1
I
IJ
I
3)
Number of
samplcs
in
which
compound
was
detcctcd
Low conccnfiation
fiis/L)
High concentaion
firs/L)
Sanplc(s) with
High concentation
Methylend-Chloridel: :r:' l 2 ND 0.2 sG-6-16.5'
Chloroform t3 ND 140 MW4.AIR
Carbon Tetrachloride 24 ND 0.5 MW4-AIR
J
September 13, 1999 30553-000.s
Qt"..er Fleseanch mc''.e 'r""'i"^lul
APPENDIX A. Soil Gas Analysis Results
I
'I
.J
J
clienuSlte: INTERNAT|ONAL uRANIuM/wHtrE MEsA MtLUBLANDtNG,UTAH
Date: 8/31/99
Analvst: KATE PTAK
Job Number: 30553-000.5
cHzgt2 CHCL3 ccL4
sauple pg/L pg/L pg/L1
J
3
-1
I
l
--a
AIR
sc-l-10'
sG-2-7'
sG-3-5.5'
sG-4-7'
SG-4-11'
sG.s-7'
sG.ffi.5'
sG-&7'
sG€-16.5'
sG-7-7'
sG+7'
sG-&12'
sG-9-7'
SG.1G7'
sG-10-10.s'
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
0.2
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.002
0.07
0.002
<0.002
<0.002
0.02
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
0.002
0.01
<0.002
<0.002
0.02
<0.002
0.002
<0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004)
Final Data 09/12/1999
clienvsite: INTERNATIONAL URAN!UM/wHtrE MESA MtLUBLANDtNG,UTAHDate: 09/01/1999
Analvst: KATE PTAK
Job Number: 30553{00.S
oH2CL2 CHCL3 CCL4
SAMPLE ug/L ug/L :rgrL-1
I
.,J
I
AIR
MWI.AIR
sc-l3.5'
sG.15-5'
sc-l&5'
sG-1+5.5'
sc-l7-5'
sc-l9€.5'
sG-20-5'
sG-21-7'
AIR
sG-1&5.5'
sG-22€'
sG-23-7',
sG-24-10'
sG-25-7'
sG-2&16',
,t
<0.07
<0.7
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
0.07
<0.002
140
0.004
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
0.0004
0.5
0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
0.0004
<0.0004
FinalData 09/12y1999
UICNUSTIE: INTERNATIONALURAN!UM/WHITEMESAMTLUBLANDTNG,UTAH
Date:
Analvst:
Job Number: 30553.0@.5
cH2CL2 CHCL3 ccL4
SAMPLE ]rgiL FgiL pg/L
0209/1999
KATE PTAK
1
AIR
sG-27€'
sG-2&9'
sG-29-9'
sG.30-9',
sG-31-g'
sG-32-9'
sG-33-9'
AIR
sG-3+7'
sG-35-5'
sG-3&6.5'
sG-37-9'
sG-378-s'
sG-3&5'
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.07
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
0.04
0.5
0.07
0.004
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.002
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
0.001
<0.0004
0.0004
<0.0004
0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
<0.0004
FinalData 09/12y1999
o tl":?""H,.P?i"ph
m
APPENDIX B. Complete Analyttcal Data
I
iI
r-
II
t
t
II
r
Bg'
Esx
e*3
aooooouJ uI u,t
F)ll-lr)ct (o;riui
Bg."
Eep
e*3
ooou'1, ro lai,
ooo!o u) tt'lt
ooou) lf) ro
ooolr lr t'l.
rrFaroo(or (l! ll)
.L
F
=-oz6z
JE\JJ
=U)lr,
=LlJ
tsI
=\
=J
=2EoDFJE<WZth yYo8 EEK9olrLzZ83U8ff8Qk5tscocoY-=
9aa
ifY*-JC"-LHd'{
o(J-
Sn?.();.iJ
f;Es
,^c,(!-c{gr
:
I
l
i
t
r-I
L
i
I
!
I
SER
s3NxN@F$$-c)c.t
(o(o(c,lft l( ro$INN
(o
u'i,rilf,
(,lr)
cr)
lr(o(o
tttio
o)<lu)
tt<fco
(})g)
cooloa
(o
ci)
GO
c,)
N
Nro(0(oN(o
fi, rn cosrocooNrtlf(or(.N co lf,NO-F(g(g
I
it
i
i
I
I
i
I
;
;
,
I
r
r
It
oooLULIJL!UJAl$c\r====(7)stg)JJ_JJsssssss:tt :lt *t *t
oouJluLUttjsC\i====SO)J-J)Jf?ssss:lt :tt ltt tt
ooatruJtrtrolrxfff:lcD$--JJJ)sqEssss:tt lt lt :tl
FJ(,zoz
JoJJ
=o
IJJ
=UJEr
=
==z
65FJtr<wz_Ya\Y,, =i=,
EEqE
o o tlJ LU U.l LJJ\rN====-lo)J)))
r***:rt
c,)tN
=lE O a ltl LlJ LJ.J tU
$E?=??
Itt lt *t :rt
ooaEi trtrtrN\rx===lssEiid?
r+*:tlit
e o o LIJ lU tlJ LlJ
!HE=?!=
:|h :* .lt :lt
fX-urtrtrtrraJ)))(O(')JJJJ
+E 1+ :lt :l+
o O o uJ IJJ lJ., lJ.lNQN====crsro)JJIJ{N?SSS{r* {+ :* rt
oroouj uj uj trNF-NllllC'cI)o)JJJJNHsSSSS'rt**lt
o^[iEitrtri==33=
++:lr*r
o^uJuJtJJuliE33==
*r*+:tt
s*E=j==:tt :tt :lt tt
O a LIJ UJ UJ l,.u
$E=?=?
t+ +t :lt +r
o^EuJrJJrrJS9ts==f=igi<'dt
- l+ :tl :tt *t
rt6t
o$It
t-
t
ooatJJUJUJuJ!!s5ff=3
N+H3333+r*r*i+
-^[i trililRE????
' :lF :t| :t! :rt
o a LIJ UJ t.lJ uJ\r====lE=idid
lt lt :!F :tl
$38;;3=t* t+ t+ tt
$na=;i*
^ ^ IJJ LIJ I.IJ LU99qooJJ))OO-JJJJ
ltttlttt
a'
I
tlJ
i
i
--
i
t
OauluuJtu$p=l=l
rt + :tE :l*
I
iI
ooal,uuJ[luJol$xf==lC?)lf-JJJJ
!+l :lt tt :!!
eootlJ[!UIJJgHs;==i
*t :lt :lt :t!
^ ^ uJ uJ t.lJ uJUU-OOJJ))38tddi
It 1t tt 1t
t
=
==z
EJJ
zoF
zE,
uJFz
zoFc,
UJYz
o-zF
ct3
OY
OF9ore
HEE
I
t
.:
I
II
t:
I
t
I
I
h$3
r$E
Bg."
o rtlFN F:*
t-
III
I.
U
I
I
F
=(,zoz
Jo\JJ
=a
IIJ
=UJEt
=
=3z
ZE,o=FJE<
q - -v=6tHflEE9Ytzz
HsSgE
e*$
(Y) =t rroo(0
-F)t0
e*3
oooro to E)
oooro1()|(,
ooolo lo lo
ooolr lL tJ.
|f)f\-tu) o) (o
rO)lO
QQa
=?5H3*
--VIrrroc)"
a?+gd
6o
i6C)ltor\-R8
(-
l'L
<l si <l(o(o@
8SEEPE
F$fi
lo@o@6rt(o ro@roOr-(0(o
N=3lox(l,(0!l-
EEE
sr sfo6tN(ool roo) o)o<fCD ('}
o=oLlJllJluuJNdF?==ffHPNdiid
&-{*r*+F|l+
OOaUJUJuJLus$=t=3=
STESSSSIt lt :tt tt
ooaLlJuJIJJUJ
ft$Ei=i=t+ +! + ltt
?oz6z
6
=o
UJ
=UJb
=
=3z
E
zI
=Et!
z
A:<
?sEfrEr'Oor.1citox
r
I
tu
o o o lJ,J LU l.lJ [!NsN=:)==g)slO)JJJJ{T9SSSS* * :lt:it
r
L
rr)C\JIoo OOEtrtrtr
EH=???
:at +t * rt
oolu[!uJLIJtfNffS=TI(I)JJ-JJ
Y?SSSS*t :|E :ll :l+
6t
ooEtrtrtr!cN====
++3333t* :lE :lF +
ooEtr[' tr$N===f$OrJJ))s?ssss+* +h +t :tt
-^trtruril(')OJ)))LOoJJJJ
*t lt :l! :lt
= (o uJ r.JJ u, Luo.)=J)))F..:fJJJJ
u) +1t+:tt
IN
s
o o llJ LJJ trJ LJ,Jsc\l==f=
++3333t* :|l :lE tt
OOEtrtrtr\rN====go)J)J)
YSSSSSr* * :tE tt
ooultIJL!Utsfc\l===fSo)JJJJ
Itlt*rt
t-
I
I
:
IL
oouJ[!uJtlJrN=ff,=slo)J_)JJ
9?SSSS:$ !l| + :rr
oo,l(Y)
oo[,lJt!uulsrN====
++3333r+*+t*
r
-'
roNC\lIoo oo[itrtr[i$N=l=3Vo)JJJJs?ssss*F t+ lt rtL
ooaLULuttJLuN$=====COlf-JJJ.J
NTESSSS:ll :lt :l! *t
o^LIJUJUI[!
Es???=
i* * r+ :iF
O O * LJJ LIJ lll LlJ<\rsri===3g)SiN))JJ
{YBSSS=it lt {t li
o o llJ [! LJJ [!sfN===fSIO)JJJJT?SSSS:tE :lh + i*
oooujuJujtrNsNff=lc,$O)JJJJ{q?ssssIt + :tt lt
I
I
o o tlJ IIJ llJ uJ!tElff==
++3333:lt + *F :E
o
a-
!
t.
60(oi( q, C\lxiF(o),X - lf)p8$
o^
,i \a u)
@:N
!,
L!
I
tL-
=
==z
zEo=FJE<a -96HESEbFPLz2EiHEff8X_k5Ea)o:(-=
oooto lo lr)
(
I
t
r-'
:
I
^,$@XCDCDH-(O
=(Y)O!!ioUWCDN
hs3
=roox(,)NXBN' F.l
otCDtiU)r\(ot\(oCr)NN
(ou?FC\l
Nsqo
)t-)o(o. O'll U)
Eg'"
Een
s*g
oooro lcl lo
ooolo to 1l,
ooorotolC,
ooolL l! ]L
tfl l\ rftqolq
- F,il l(l
I
It
It,LI
L_
II
I
I
!
F
(,z
Ez
J
@
JJ
=
CI'
UJ
=IIJF
I
=
==z
E
=J
zoF
zEtuFz
zol-
E,lrJ-Yvr. -YzEEf=
ERHEa)oYa
QQa
-5Ft(Y+
ddJ! * rlc)o-
a?+gd
6o
f
i
I
.&8
(o(o(orf, r(t ll,:,ct6tN
ssEEPE
F$H
ro@o€ool rf(0 lo@u)OrG'(o
SEEG)X-(Ir:(cl8E3
It slo6IN(ool lf,oo)o$ct 6.)
I,L
:
i
I
ooul[lJIJJuJ$N===fSO)JJJJY?SsSS++tirt*
OOEtrtrtrsrot==fl!qOTJJJJv9ssss*t :fE :tt :lt
o o tlJ Ll,J UJ [!ror=)==f9O)JJJ:JT?SSSS***rr
=-(,
=oz
Q
J
=
ct)
LrJ
=UJE
.L
=
=
=,c,6=E<w=\.rXOEfE*=eEHUJk5tsY-r=
o o tll LU LJJ LJJ$C\t==flSO)JJJJ
YSSSSSIt :tt :lF tt
rt
;itlt:
HoUJI'lJUJUJI;$l====
H+3333F :tE :lE :lt 1*
oPotrtrtrtr
$FH????(! :tt l* +h :tl
$otrtrtrtr
E$*==*
lo@uJLUUJUJ(v)o)-l-t-r-N6)-i-a-,
* :$ :ll lt
O o tu llJ l,.LJ LJJ.+c\J====iqo)-JJ)_J
+t rt +t r*
s(\l
oo[i rr.i ilujsN=f=lIEdddd
It tt +t tt
ooot!uJuJtJJolsorf==l
$+$33s-3It *t :tt +t
o o tlJ IJJ uJ tlJrot=f,==DEiidi
rt :$ :t* :tE
O ^ tlJ IIJ lJ [!$=f===EEdidd
:tt tt tt it
r
LE$3?3=* l* :tl :tE
?^[i uJtrrrr(OOJJ)JStOJJJJ
**:*:rt
rt$t
r-
;t
o o t! u.t UJ tJlr+N===fEAiidi
= :lt |L rtt
oootruitrtrqlsN====
fi+$3333+*t+rlt
OOEtrtril!rol===l
++3333:! :tt :l! :lE
oot!uJuJtusAl===l
++3333**tltt*
o o LrJ L! UJ u,J$ol====VO).-.j))J
=+:$tt
O o lll lJ-l UJ UJrN===:)STO)JJJJYqssssrE+tt+
sOJ
a
r
t
L
aII
i
!
I
I
i
:
:
;
t
o^oxo,i \a r.c)coYol
o^oxo
.i \i rOco:or
t
5
==z
=o=FJE<
cr, -gE8af,=kQYLZZEEHFfrEXsgEtr o--r=
oooro ro ro
I
I
L
I
i
t
^(oroX$sX-rtx(Y)\t
=ort:J(o(o'- e) (\l
G"..er FlesearehCo(porat
;l
I
.J
APPENDIX C. Slte Map
-l-
l:-'l
= Ur'.--'.--'\ lll: l/i
iF.i<
I r'r
l-,
Ilc:
l=t-l-,lo.l=i<t,L-
z
A\'7
d
a
0)
q)
+
=
q
LoU
(6tr
(!
o,d
tr
o)+)
H
ftll
I
v)htro^ .--EJd.9nu!JOdqro!oq)J.IrO6cocq)
!gEoLQOo_r+tdaDiF
H'<=xxnOO;irLtro.4.
z
o
F
z
-:
0.
X
t=t
Elzlo
I
s /li\ iilE
s lllul
q)
Lr
U
\
CJ
\
\l-r \. /^r--_--.\--\--i\.s -\ ^ \ \
') - \ \ \)t \la\\\_ \'N\ \r-- '/ /r\\\\'n / / ---Nv47
\-)
-
/.^E'
I
itz-'- ; ;iil/ '\-/ \\'/ r\i\,l ii --l '\-)
3.
tco
o
t.oz
do)
x
rOq
a-
o
oL
tq
oA
o
t
!
z
oo
x
'oqo
o
oLq
1'ao
o
Loz
o
IU:
€
^.
'n
0)!
!
c
r
-3:o-
':- o5=zz
rO
!JA
LA
r-
[JA
+"..er FlesGlareh nc o r p ",t:?:t:T||-[-[]l
l
l
I
I
-l
I
.
i
IJ
APPENDIX D. Logbook
Tracer Research Corporation
3855 North Business Center Drive
Tucson, Arizona 85705
(602) 8Et-9400
FIELD LOGBOOK
3oss3
prrrtoniL U*inn Cw?
,-,Je
L , (r({oJt
slu,/* / iloltt
J BookNurnbcr+ ,, -f-
JOB SI]MIVIARY
TOTAL NUMBER COLLECTED SOIL GAS SAIVIPLES 15 t 2 5oilsarYk
TOTAL NUMBER COLLECTED VYAIER SA}IPLES d
D EPTH OF SHALLOWEST SAIUPLE COLLECTED 5'
DEPfiI OF DEEPEST SAI\{PLE COLLECTED 16,1'
TOTAL NUMBER POINTS USED .{t
TOTAL NUMBER 7'LENGTHS OF PROBES USED Drr^r!. S6l
HIGHEST SAI\,IPLING VACU UM lL
LOVi/EST SA},IPLING VACUUM tJ
MAXIMTJM VACUUM OF PUMP ,n
I NOTES OF INTEREST
Yp^d 1 fv"^i'lJl\yP"t a,?^h* (r,#fi#')
;hfrtt^W k ='6^'4 tl'"|Wanrr.w('S
)0, ,W\,t*rrui (nOOP
J A;iwql"fl% ''
"l
Aafac/Yfu,esioM%
ill.r; lptrxfu rst-61a)'t ;t(,.-ro) u lp*u ^,lror* tn^tlnvutt-swlq
;nwVs/a^WM
rrcr knrc! Co,rTculcr
S O IL GA.S TI{VES TIGATION B ACKGRO UND INFO RIVIATTO N
obNunber:
-ltcNrc
FrrNnmnrr: 30s 3 E-
cO(Iaudgr6oo:
,-;.wqty_*
She. rraAt k *
C/r$ *t*t u (1u4 a'*7{a- ry 1A44tlL ,Cb-tu4-.I
9553- oeo, S
,* lrh[
i?.t 3 Otlnwsfgrdon: Q/
ONE)r
AAraC - Pr,ocodurcc .Ilrtr OulY
i i-t tutl nlportwfth Contonriilrpe end fatcrpraldon
PtltcNunbcr:
ldotultloo to hlDdrdcd ln rtpatetdhot!
16-zzz I
l^ I n l- e-L/ no**rnf.,l .l fd y1.\^r V,l,fp
,i#flt{ailo^5,}3 F-4{Ph6ENuEbct: 10{ 3-E9-lflS}S-:
REB-ATXf;fff?f#:*'
Cliant's signaun of tatgaw^c's
't'hfl,-i5"*)Illrrdono[[o;
OF CONIAIYIINAIION:A
nr:JttrI
,#*li'ffi,,m"TrA,f* @ur,Ls ,
*oros*rutrilWYw
lwo'rro^rq'
iI
fLrsrr-ocqF..rbrLiJ
SITE MAPS
W SUE MAPS fO SCALE.Dd lDdrda
. Jobdcro Clhdr Sltcnrcendlocdoor Scrlarbo6brrrDdtdcquhido Notltrrror(rppronmfa)o Sollgrtotlorrndurnbrno Qltunl eod nErd faEu to Ecdlttcilto
IF MAPF ARE ST'PPLED BYCI.IENT,
CEECI( T1OR, ACCT'RACT AND CIARITT AND ENCXI)SF-
(s) EA\EDEEITI CEEreD FOR,@MDLEIE{ESS AI{D ACCI BACTs
i
t
t
ir
[f,-..-..co.F&.
I DAILYSUMMARY
qI&
ultt ltt
CLIEDIR _ , I
?;-il.\[u,.,,,^- fu
IOBNUMBB:
3o:SS- *o' $
- ffirtu "78'F/".rht
F'IE,LD IIOURS
Timc on Sirc: nful .(Lunc[ Hours 6
rimc ofiSirct
/B so Do*udmc Hoursr q
StandbyHourt' ds"Tltt%
Billabb Hours (ofuc use onty):
NOIE: nEFOIf IIME lO I{EAIE T (}rt EOITDS
DECONTAIVIINATION
ProbG Syrl4p llccontrnlnrdon
Iotaluours, (\.9 fotetHous: 0, S
Sisutu's " milY
GC oPcrator:
l
I
J
1
t
SAIVIPLING AhID Ai.IALYS IS
lgl c.u*.ooo flr'Se4ltng Anrlyrtr
TiEc starc d6b
Vacuum uscd (Chect oac):
Dieohr8nI I Transduccr
Total Systcu $llnkq; I
Time End: d fl5 MaxVacuum:26 (inHg Totd Ambbot Air Supbs: )
Total Hours:' /,lf
Probcsuscd: 5@t fotal Anetytical Blaols I
PointsUsed: 15 IotalWatcr Blants: /
SoilGas l7e"a* [6
Sanptss Colbctcd: U
$/atcr Samplcs CoIIcctc<L q
? ra- /1.,, i!-i\k'Grt - Lrlt
'i - Do*atimc includcs timc rycat repairing sampling & aDalytical cqubmcaq notc timcs and crplanstiotr oo folbwing 6cld data pages
IJ - Sundby inchdcs timc arailabb fu samplhg but vaiting for clicoq ootc timcs and cplenatlm oo folbwing ficld daa pagcs
SA}IPLING DATADrta q/4 /2?IobNumbcr h55z-oco , $
r'o".o'o' ff16, l/irt ClleotZt *hrrd //nn,^,,* l^,
LbtRGatrlorEre g+ultp{y'[usconthkDrtc
llh
TIME sAIr{Pl,E
ITIUMBEN
D
E
PTE
rT
PtoB
E
,
PBo
BB
PUSH'
FOUIID
Y
Ac
UUM(r
Hd
EvAc
lAaE
s
AM
PLEvot(el
Pot
NTI
USED
I{OIES/A)IIL D/rIa IEQUESID BY CIJETTb td lts&a te acaggc d r..Dlba l€Oa rrd gprr{ url,filr bdrd-. bd b tchfr.a ta &crlodgud odhfc+ rrpLrtr, ocrra rilt rrlGulc arcE.trrl at&r1Eird.-rtrc@'tdl aDDrtllrc.'(odtrfrrtrb,ag
I ,\
ffia'r'/k ckqF 'fllrnellt Y.i^t'o* '?^tr
I Aro Slo,,t*,it< \r-ft - llvltcGnt)*-
'Y tA Ulrl*t | 5,1,fr cloa '
69tg - /k 2; .rL,o*t /g hrl^e it 4-tarJ
c1{o 1q,I
I
lb H){6
plu r 12fu,4tnn*)';i,*/r^#u-C*/,-^o..D
&'t0 s(,1 /b'{5A#"t 2{.r"T d V{,t en'lr,r4-lrto;^, .
\olo 5(-)1'?P t 1atv 8 i lb' ,/rn- f(-l - / r*-/et l"t,,P ilffin,;
1dJ r\-);i w 6 B*.r I
U
*q' hr* Dncr.
I t,/t''. [],-,1
ttlt,<A'l 1'l--'L 1o<t/1 U
fu cn^r, u {ullup srrln 'l -!\_
\P 5(-{t'tfit 5 tL,t <ar ({0^,^*,, *.lou^ I lt' t[*t It
\\fl $-5
(
1 hulo t t0tPu s n ltr-' L.^ q- 4 /0,,-,1*)r\f^^,u^lh-'el>k
tLp <A-1 &e fffi,1 t0,w 1 +,**,- il'r*r.^ m0 , io*n,' '\,k-,rl
nf E,S(
It'ts Xr'b
(
$,{'l,,y'q lo
Aa/8 t)
)tt1 g,- (p Vo,1 1,il*,l t'!u 1 /
flv
\Arr..o l^n /.r^- ^"f- rlrn non [,]oa o l6,s'
t1*5( 1'1'frw t lO9A 1 I
,I
ro.tt^ ) t ( L :'i ) (a-,ur,,t Vou D,n W,'
tlp q,5 ,l'
lo^l$t 3 ,?*\3 - |f ilr;.n)rn, af,^t k? i t(, SC.lr4)(A,'^^br-l*r-.
t110 $-8
(p ds ,t?
<lJ-7 {ln,,nrrl ,!^ ,,,1,,^
'L />' 1,1-J-
l5r5 1'?7'P-t ,l rD
'gb {/o,u*rs- ' tlrr f^n,,,ht )r,.1 'nilrth*W
\({t!t-to 1'tu,'t l?&-,l r{lhud s,tt,t t., ctlglt(uq $44ra";illt IL,u ,
Arb )
n, i rfiil,-
\u{o 5\$bl L(MY t \ku 1 4 0 r.r $u,nn lo \ U,{ kl , r,0 | 0smro b,a,,frt t?ol -
oo
B/tt
-cedon:
llt Rcatrl orEGr
I
usc oE rhlc Drts
, ill"J'
NEDb'r 3o5r-r -d6o ,
U,w,,*
NGrIISIADDT DAIAIEOT'ESIED If, CIIEITDfr hd.L. bG b rc lblrd ro tcaoOL d rlillr tsrfc od frcnl rtrttua o.Iri-l 4lrtr oar. ri6 rprnra. orr qoll. ircdllpr!*r aaaru:anir r:.
n'/F'
u;;n@ruffitr;ffi;t,ffi'"
5*r *t U^/0''
, T -1,,u L ry.Lr*,{lfu * p'* r ,fu i' z'*r4a- Lo*a"r qv*fi'tP
U'-trrw[.is111-ru va^tl ffi Wtsr,nqa
Gcs/'
MrcP,*,0tu0ruM,ffii,ffi/ffi^'wtu
sat 4^.^a% ^ t ,n/,^^ /r/*dd*-
fu b4fr, W,f ll^t5 o'[h"J- b'1u11'' UulS'' {m t*pp'l { r,^.^ nf'# {,#"*ffiomlrffi-ryW
\ Kaa "\r, - -*\", "---[
6\ts W {thfh , 4,,,;,tr"l'rl*}.w, ,@P
1n,al, t\ l4g 4,'* * tilw ru*'Y, 0y Tt|^r4tone p' . Ja,L 2aW?1?ffr'#.
t*/u NUA ''>*/*P
l*u q]^, Cr*rtrfii>r So w *ltr 'i"'*""*- '^'{hfhtf -
t
DAILYSUMMARY
3oSf 3-6do,
qEAIffi:- 7o"f
FIELD EOT]RS
Timc ou Sitc: 6 /-/b LuocbHonrs -0,5
rimc oESitc,
f g3O Do*rtimc lloursr d
StaorlbyEourt' 6
Clicntt siglsure,crifYbg @ooandofrsire: - -r-- -
Billablc Hours (offuc [n*/,
N(yIB TEFOIfIIMI TO NEAIEST C25 EOUIS
DECONTA]VIINAL
hobG Deontrnbedon SyrtDge DocourrrrrlnrGJoa
Total Hou* 0.5 fotalEourr n,\
SigDaEc of rtrificatioa p,flfr Opcratm
CrIlbn6on SrryllDg Andyrir
rrc star. ou 6
Vacnu usctl (Chect onc):@ Dirmbra
-
I I Traaduccr
TotrlSyscoBlsDls l
TimcEnd: O?l A MarVactuo: ]p (iollg)ToelAnbicat Air Sarlpb$ L
Totalllours'/o ProbcsUscd: <iQil,IoalAnetPicalBls*s: I
PoboUscd: /q Totrl$farcr Blrol$ I
SoilGas l*SemplcsCollccrcd: I )$/atcr&EplcsColbcrcd: /
| - Oo*atinc includcs timc spcar rcpaifig sampliug & analyicaf equipmcac aotc tiucs ald cplanedon oo folbwbg fcld daa pages
j, - S"oaUy bdsdcs time 3sitalls 56 q',,pling but naiting br ctbng notc tbss ilad crpl'natioo oa blbwbg 6cld data pagps
II
Jm'-t'-..cr,'re'
SA]VIPLING DATA{t[,ht Iobtir,bcr %ss t-go ' i
tocrUoor nl Ir'nGrEoE:
bbrlrry ll]rA
CUcryE
mfrilr^Jl iln,,^,,,^ CN
Ust ncotrt or Ege Bqui6/.ot usc oo thls D'rta l/n
TIME SAIIIPIJrlrNTT, D DI
PTB
FT
Pno
B
E
,
PTo
BEtus8,
POUXD
v
Ac
U
UM(T
HN
Ev
Ac
TIXE
(r)
s
AM
PLEYoL
acl
PoI
Ntsus@
NCnES/ADD1 DAXA TFQUESIE BY CLE{TDL h&L- la lr rn lhltd t ! drcrtrdo d rudlrr ladc erd gerl rrrr-lrod c.-ec1 rrffdq ocrr+ ritl qpruui+ oioct ;fgr$ bdl
%ro -07 t o (,lr/-ffiudurd.r'aa
P1?tl - kn ,,,1
nN W\[,ld Ott ,frlr,)\,I /t ?rr ,Ailn nln^ nJ* lhk4 - 4f Ial,"th\*rn,) (iklol^
nt0 $"t1
-t(
5 hw I 10
tQ,6 1-
[ 7-'tltrt : /5r ,(,'do4P 21
tr.,!r,h*rt/ fir7 lno t ,J rharh I
I ?---fion *b,,(d L.yl- f*1, 7', <Llnrpt nA k noorl.
l0t,y'15
I
5 kd /o 17'flv ("U,Mtla)a ftu! t
bP N-IL
l
5 ty,E
lo\tr r t t*l k o,*, . - fu,3J s', lNWl%
1\10 s6lY 5;|lntI\M b
tb {L &:r YYY,.%\ \ [,/*/ r,f,' /
ll?P Yt"l'?
I5 hl/,W b lLJa r I ,ff*-,9,! i,! 3).a*, itr . /A,a E -'-
$t 5U?6,s ?a$,W I l"'lb 7 2 ,L, -trk,-,,r.ti( *ffi,*fr,li /ffim-
t|5b r,fifi ft \,N W
]i,^L ?
/ow /I - /r,,,,o.r.'k fui ilr)n {' #mFi*
tlv s(-r I 1'F.-,tr
,0
'<1-t I (((,1,^t, ?', *tfl
l,lqt alt ,l /r,^,t l0 l?,lal/7 't P,u,,.-,g f'r
15p fi't>6'l,u 0 t(rt-/D I Oorrod,..l, d (rt,l,;ln A frrUl o|i
lffo 9,21,7'ftt^,t 6 /t-9b 7 I -6j UuyVa 5ll-rlc. t4l' teqy.' fl,11,/,t b/t/bta€Ml
bt$Y{ }'{
(
l$IJ q lu
\tLr $$a*n\r.{n L (tod^ -i;ir,'^^r t*o t*
l'le {tl-S 7't*o fr lLtk 1 l,gkak^il,-.r e o (
nfa fl2b (,'k){wt 17,
7o
f?t,b ,to,t^lt tusL ffi/rrrU t trr,/- frl-A /6 :
.lr'(,,r,*'l^g lil,* ) I,v,' ,
a
rp 4/k0/i/ &; sco4v,ur/L
NEEb.' %5YJ- @o.
!- Ul^n//,,-
NOIIS'AI'D', D TATEQT'ESAD TT CIJEiIT.5lr bd.d-. lr L 13j-hlt a L Aal- d rrplbl totlc rod 3rrenl_rg.gar.afOr*iqr.t oq-r rl rrfrnro. a-c. vlna1- rc€
DEI]IE'TTIIOTT3G
SA}IPI.rI D I Pm,MBEBI F I 6lalBIEIE
frt Ratrl orE6:
t_
oo thls llrta
I
,rj
I
j
;
DAILYSTIMMARY
JOB NT'MBER:
1oslr<fi,$'=unt h
FIELD TIOURS
Iimc on Sirc: lfu Lnnc[Ilours d
TimcofiSitc, /E/5 Doqntimc Hoursr d
Staodbyllonrt' fi
Bilhblc llorrrs (ofuc usc orty):
NGrI& TEPOETIIMElD NEATEST O2S Ed'T!T
I
J
:
-}
I
i
I
J
I
!i
DECONTAMINATION
Probc Deoutrulndoa Syt|DgcDccontemludon
TotalEours: h,(Toolllourr: A,f**,*."'x4I:o**t*,*"wlury"
_l
I
,'-1
J
l
:
I
I
I
J
;
S AI\,IPLING AI{D AI{ALYS IS
Cellbredon S.ryltg Anlplr
rirc sra*
,,h?,
Vaclumuscd (Checlmc):ffi DieDhr@
-
I I Trenrduccr
ToralSyscmBlanls: I
riocEud: 0710 MaxVacrom: pt (inBg)ToralAobicataissrmplcs: Z
roarlrous
l0
Probca Uslrr., ful ToalAnalyticalBls*s: I
Pohts Uscd: //fotalwatcrBlsnk$ { SB* :n HA
SoilGas z 1
SamptcsColbctcd: I ?xf,x,:","ffi"n \P
lr..ki{t
' - Do*utioc hc,hrdcs timc spent rcpairing sanpling & analytical cqugmcnq uoa timcs and erytaoatioo o! blbwing fcld d ata pages
- - SEBdby bchdes ti'nc arailablc for sampling but *aiting for clicaq ootc timcs aad erylanatbn oo blb*ing &E data pages '
I
I
I
l-rjlrrsr rr-o c..r6n&r
lgJ
i , ul/"
Lbt nlotrl E4raIT. utc on thb Drta
/ln
SA}IPLE
NT'MEEI,
DEPTE
FT
PtoI
E
a
pe
t\5t
tSlo
tito
lb6
ibjo
l1{t
131
ta15
NrEbGr 36f 1- ato, !
Oleats\rrcqs 4t'*1"'*t ilunw Cov'
v
Ac
UUM(r
Ev
Ac
rtrE
(r)
s
AMPLEvoL(q
NfrEI/ADD!. DArA N,TOUES@ IT CIJEIITDl bdt h b ra Urlrd ta &.dp_d- d ruplbl lolc od garnt rrrr.t1uat ccoca rl?ua {cil.. ro. rpD.rnra. 6rl. rfr.Ea- lrG[pdttaalailat rtalr.c
-Q7r! 1.ra'/a7fr#EtW (t"/ tr-w*s,fr
E.
bK
arot hq pv*
(b{- *{t)il,'^ ' 6o'
+c&.\Al,:lo*q.)
?
oftF tkw** d
a4tU nd) N,,t{"dt/
toq Dh'* $,"r- N"',tA al
3oss3-Project No.
LEILITY NOTIEICATION A}ID RELE.{SE AGREEI\{M{T
T t* Yyt *oXY flracer naar{cgontioq au Arizoaa corlnratioa (hetinafter"TRCJ and hereilafter'CIi*f) is for the p,urposeof setting forth the
is located at
1. Clieut Responsibilities:
fiructions:
By,
client'shail bc responsibie for perforoaace of &e folowing
IJ
I{
i
I
I
j
I
i
-.|
I,
"'!
J
I
)
II
a Iocating and aarking srMacc utilities.b. eltdning a[y Becssary ut]ity clearaoccs. .
L ItrdeEldEcation' Client hereby rcleases TRC aud agrees to ildeagify aud [old TRCharsless froo any aud aII liability, rtam2gg and/or ,.rpoootillv for *y of ,n. following:
a' Dao'age or destuctiou to srbsr&ce utilitieq prpeliues or other snbsurface stucturesot systeEs; -
b. EuvirolleuEl daoage or lrcIrutiou of every kiud and descriptiou;c. Acts of third parties;d Uabil.iry to auy- third p"r!r.
- client further promises apd guaraatees to TRC that should it bc uamed as a party to a lawsuitby any Party for aa1 Po1 aF^srtrg out of or dealiug with the srbject marter sf this Agreerueu!orshould it be held I.!1. with'5espect b aay t,osidoo or-, uature wharsoever connected withthe mbject matter of this Agrequenq qieut will at aII times iudeEdfy aad save TRC harmlessfrou aod agaiut any aud atl liability for &nages, losg @sts, c.harges aad caenses of wha6oeverkiud or uature.
DATED: 1../ St, L.
TRACER RESEARCII CORPORATION
t'++. I
f-,t
t:
IEa
Title:
TAILGATE SAFEW MEETING
Time & Job Numbet hSfuJDate
Site Nam
Site
Type of Wo
City/State
SAFETY TOPICS PHESENTED
Clothing/Equipme
Emergency Procedures
I
I
j
I
I
I
J
Ij
1j
II
I
Nearest Hospital Name
HospitalAddre
Emergency Phone
Directions to Hospital from Site - attach map with route, if possible:
Meeting conducted
oTraceF Flesearchorpotetion
I
I
l
Tracer Research Corporation appreciates the opportunity of being of service to your
organization. Because we are constantly sfiiving to improve our service to you, we
welcome any comments or suggestions you may have about how we can be more
responsive to the needs of your organization. If you have any questions about the field
work, analytical results, or this report, please call Andy Koch at 520-888-9400.
J
trt,
Ixre nxerro*Q
UneNrurvr (use)
ConponertoN
Independence Plaza, Suite 950 . 1050 Seventeenth Street . Denver, CO 80265 o 303 628 7798 (main) . 303 389 4125 (f.r"r)
October 22,1999
Via Facsimile and Overnieht Mail
Don A. Ostler, P.E.
Executive Secretary
Utah Water Quality Board
P.O. Box 16690
288 North 1460 West
Salt Lake City, UT 84116-0690
Transmittal of Interim Results and Revised Work Plan for Chloroform Investigation Phase
2 - Utah DEQ Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order, UDEQ
Docket No. UGQ-20-01, Issued on August 23,1999
Dear Mr. Ostler:
Attached is International Uranium (USA) Corporation's ("IUSA's") Interim Results and Revised
Work Plan for Chloroform Investigation Phase 2 (Revised Phase 2 Work Plan). This Revised
Phase 2 Work Plan is being submitted together with an updated, revised version of IUSA's plan
and timetable for conducting a Groundwater Contaminant Investigation.
In accordance with the Work Plan for Chloroform Investigation Phase 2 transmitted to the NRC,
UDEQ, and U.S. EPA on September 23,1999, ruSA implemented Task I of that Work Plan on
September 27,1999. Work completed during the week of September 27 included:
o Multi-depth sampling of MW-4, prior to purging, for chloroform analysis (as well as
tetrahydrofuran)
o Performance of step-drawdown test at MW4 at pumping rates ranging from
approximately t/e gallons per minute (gp-) to approximately 2 gpm
Collection of sample
selected inorganics
Resampling of MW4
and selected inorganics
from MW-4 for analysis of selected metals, gross alph4 and
for chloroform and tetrahydrofuran, selected metals, gross alpha,
Performance of a second (high-rate) step-drawdown test at MW4 at pumping rates
ranging from approximately 6.6 gpm to approximately 9.2 gpm
Mr. Don A. Ostler
October 22,1999
Page2 ofZ
As stated in the attached Interim Results and Revised Phase 2 Work Plaq the pumping tests
performed at MW4 showed a higher productivity than expected, suggesting behavior anomalous
for the perched water zone at the site based on past tests at other site wells and borings.
Therefore, in addition to the above activities that were conducted as per the origind Phase 2
Work Plan, IUC also performed a drawdown test at MW-19 at a pumping rate of approximately
1.2 gpm. MW-19 was selected because it is considered to be more typical of the site, based on
past testing. The test was conducted using the same pumping and logging equipment as was used
in the initial test at MW-4. Results of the MW-19 test were consistent with previous results and
showed low hydraulic conductivity. On the other hand, preliminary analysis of the pumping tests
conducted at lvfw-4 suggested a higher hydraulic conductivity than previously estimated. In light
of this, IUC has revised the remainder of the previous Phase 2 Work Plan. The attached Interim
Results and Revised Phase 2 Work Plan explains the rationale for the revised approach.
Please note that the Revised Phase 2 Work Plan will be implemented on November 2, as stated in
the updated Plan and Timetable. If you have any questions regarding this Revised Phase 2 Work
Plan, please contact Michelle Rehmann at [phone].
DCF:smc
cclatt: Dianne Nielson, DEQ
William J. Sinclair, DEQ
Loren Morton, DRC
David Cunningham, DEQ, SE District Health Department
Dave Arrioti, DEQ, SE District Health Department
Fred Nelson, Utah Asst. Attorney General
Terry Brown, U.S. EPARegion VIII
Milt Lammering, U.S. EPA Region VIII
John Surmeier, U.S. NRC, Washington, D.C.
Bill von Till, U.S. NRC, Washington, D.C.
Charles Hackney, U.S. NRC, Region IV
Michelle R. Rehmann
EarlE. Hoellen
Harold R. Roberts
Ronald F. Hochstein
William N. Deal
Ronald E. Berg
INTERIM RESULTS
AND
REVISION
TO
WORKPLAN
OF
SEPTEMBER 22, 1999
CHLOROFORM INVESTIGATION PHASE 2: INVESTIGATION
OF REPRESENTATIVENESS OF MW.4 FOR GROUNDWATER
MONITORING PURPOSES
ocToBERza, t999
Submitted to:
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Submitted by:
International Uranium (USA) Corporation
Denver, Colorado
Contact: Michelle Rehmenn
303.3t9.4131
The following presents preliminary results from Task I and a revision to Tasks 2 and 3 of
the September 22, 1999 Work Plan for Chloroform Investigation Phase 2: Investigation of
Representativeness of MW-4 for Groundwater Monitoring Purposes; and a rationale for the
revision based on analysis of data collected as part of Task l.
Based on preliminary analysis of pumping tests conducted at lvIW-4 during the week of
September 27, 1999 (as part of Task l), the average hydraulic conductivity of the Dakota/Burro
Canyon Formation in the vicinity of MW4 is estimated to be approximately one to two orders of
magnitude higher than previously estimated. As a result, chloroform that may have been
introduced into MW-4 in 1991 could have traveled much farther downgradient than previously
estimated. This increases the amount of water that would have to be pumped to retrieve the
chloroform-contaminated groundwater to such an extent that this option (Task 2) is no longer
feasible without collecting further data regarding the extent of chloroform in the vicinity of
MW4.
Assuming an average hydraulic conductivity in the vicinity of MW4 of 0.66 feet per day
(based on the preliminary test analysis), homogeneous conditions, a groundwater gradient of
0.012, an effective porosity of l7.9Yo, and no retardation or dispersion of chloroform in the
perched groundwater, any chloroform introduced into MW-4 in l99l could have traveled as
much as 129 feet downgradient (to the south). By further assuming that the capture zone
developed through pumping lvf\M-4 is cylindrical, a minimum of approximately 4 million gallons of
water would have to be pumped to capture the contaminated groundwater if pumping were
started at once at a sufficiently high rate. Because of dispersion, and because the actual capture
zone would not be cylindrical, would be limited in its downgradient extent, and would develop
workplanPhase2revl I 02299.doc
-1-
slowly over time, the actual amount of water required to be pumped would be greater. This
would not be feasible unless a method for manigement of large volumes of retrieved water were
devised.
To collect information to help delineate the extent of chloroform contamination in the
perched water, a series of temporary borings will be installed in a staged fashion. Initially, orly 2
borings will be installed, located approximately 125 feet north (upgradient) of lvfW4, and
approximately 130 feet south (downgradient) of MW-4. The downgradient boring will be located
at approximately the distance chloroform may have traveled if introduced into the well in 1991.
The installation of any further borings will be based on the results of groundwater samples and
other data collected from these initial borings.
Each temporary boring will be drilled to a depth of at least 120 feet below land surface
(bls), or to the top of the Brushy Basin shale, whichever is less, and equipped with a temporary 3-
or 4-inch diameter PVC casing screened in at least the lower 40 feet. Samples of drill cuttings or
borings will be collected every 2 Vz feet of drilled depth, placed in individual sample bags, labeled
as to the boring location and depth interval, and stored on site. Sample lithology will either be
described at the time of drilling or at a later time by a geologist. Each installation will be allowed
to stand for at least 24 hours prior to purging and sample collection. Samples will be collected
using disposable bailers after purging each installation of at least 3 bore volumes. Samples will be
collected for analysis of chloroform by an off-site laboratory.
After sampling, the decision to install more borings, or to collect additional data from the
borings will be based on the analytical results. For example, if chloroform is detected in the
workplanPhase2revl I 02299.doc
-2-
upgradient boring, then the hypothesis that the chloroform originated as a result of well tampering
will likely be discounted, and further borings'will be installed upgradient (to the north), and
sampled, to attempt to locate the upgradient extent of the chloroform. If chloroform is detected
in the upgradient boring, then two additional borings will also be installed cross-gradient of MW-
4, one to the east, and one to the west, to help delineate the lateral extent of chloroform in the
perched water that may be originating upgradient. If chloroform is detected in the downgradient
boring, one or more additional boring(s) may be installed downgradient of that boring. This
would be done only if chloroform is detected in the downgradient boring.
Once the necessary data have been collected from each temporary boring, a decision will
be made either to: (1) abandon the boring, or (2) complete it as a permanent groundwater
monitoring well. Prior to abandonment, the depth to water will be measured at least twice on
different days. If the water levels have not stabilized, the abandonment may be postponed until
additional measurements indicate that water levels have stabilized.
wo*planPhase2rev I I 02299.doc
-J-
INTERIM RESULTS
AND
REVISION
TO
WORKPLAN
OF
SEPTEMBER 22, 1999
CHLOROFORM INVESTIGATION PHASE 2: INYESTIGATION
OF REPRESENTATIVENESS OF MW-4 FOR GROUNDWATER
MONITORING PURPOSES
ocToBE,d.^zz,1999
Submitted to:
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Submitted by:
International Uranium (USA) Corporation
Denver, Colorado
Contact: Michelle Rehmann
303.3r9.4r3r
The following presents preliminary results from Task I and a revision to Tasks 2 and 3 of
the September 22, 1999 Work Plan for Chloroform Investigation Phase 2: Investigation of
Representativeness of MW-4 for Crroundwater Monitoring Purposes; and a rationale for the
revision based on analysis of data collected as part of Task l.
Based on preliminary analysis of pumping tests conducted at l\d\il-4 during the week of
September 27,1999 (as part of Task l), the average hydraulic conductivity of the Dakota/Burro
Canyon Formation in the vicinity of MW-4 is estimated to be approximately one to two orders of
magnitude higher than previously estimated. As a result, chloroform that may have been
introduced into MW-4 in 1991 could have traveled much farther downgradient than previously
estimated. This increases the amount of water that would have to be pumped to retrieve the
chloroform-contaminated groundwater to such an extent that this option (Task 2) is no longer
feasible without collecting further data regarding the esent of chloroform in the vicinity of
MW4.
Assuming an average hydraulic conductivity in the vicinity of MW-4 of 0.66 feet per day
(based on the preliminary test analysis), homogeneous conditions, a groundwater gradient of
0.012, an effective porosity of l7.9Yo, and no retardation or dispersion of chloroform in the
perched groundwater, any chloroform introduced into lvfW-4 in l99l could have traveled as
much as 129 feet downgradient (to the south). By further assuming that the capture zone
developed through pumping N[\il-4 is cylindrical, a minimum of approximately 4 million gallons of
water would have to be pumped to capture the contaminated groundwater if pumping were
started at once at a sufficiently high rate. Because of dispersion, and because the actual capture
zone would not be cylindrical, would be limited in its downgradient extent, and would develop
wctplanPhase2rev I I 02299.doc
-l-
slowly over time, the actual amount of water required to be pumped would be greater. This
would not be feasible unless a method for management of large volumes of retrieved water were
devised.
To collect information to help delineate the extent of chloroform contamination in the
perched water, a series of temporary borings will be installed in a staged fashion. Initially, orily 2
borings will be installed, located approximately 125 feet north (upgradient) of tvfW-a, ild
approximately 130 feet south (downgradient) of lvfW-4. The downgradient boring will be located
at approximately the distance chloroform may have traveled if introduced into the well in 1991.
The installation of any further borings will be based on the results of groundwater samples and
other data collected from these initial borings.
Each temporary boring will be drilled to a depth of at least 120 feet below land surface
(bls), or to the top of the Brushy Basin shale, whichever is less, and equipped with a temporary 3-
or 4-inch diameter PVC casing screened in at least the lower 40 feet. Samples of drill cuttings or
borings will be collected every 2 Yz feet of drilled depth placed in individual sample bags, labeled
as to the boring location and depth interval, and stored on site. Sample lithology will either be
described at the time of drilling or at a later time by a geologist. Each installation will be allowed
to stand for at least 24 hours prior to purging and sample collection. Samples will be collected
using disposable bailers after purgrng each installation of at least 3 bore volumes. Samples will be
collected for analysis of chloroform by an oflsite laboratory.
After sampling, the decision to install more borings, or to collect additional data from the
borings will be based on the analytical results. For example, if chloroform is detected in the
workplanPhase2rev I I 02299.doc
-) -
upgradient boring, then the hypothesis that the chloroform originated as a result of well tampering
will likely be discounted, and further borings,will be installed upgradient (to the north), and
sampled, to attempt to locate the upgradient extent of the chloroform. If chloroform is detected
in the upgradient boring, then two additional borings will also be installed cross-gradient of lvfW-
4, one to the east, and one to the west, to help delineate the lateral extent of chloroform in the
perched water that may be originating upgradient. If chloroform is detected in the downgradient
boring, one or more additional boring(s) may be installed downgradient of that boring. This
would be done only if chloroform is detected in the downgradient boring.
Once the necessary data have been collected from each temporary boring, a decision will
be made either to: (l) abandon the boring, or (2) complete it as a permanent groundwater
monitoring well. Prior to abandonment, the depth to water will be measured at least twice on
different days. If the water levels have not stabilized, the abandonment may be postponed until
additional measurements indicate that water levels have stabilized.
workplanPhase2revl I 02299.doc
-3-
1.
REVISED
SC}IEDULE FOR CONTAMINATION
INVESTIGATION SUBMITTALS
Revision I
UDEQ Docket No. UGQ-20-0 l/Augu st 23, 1999
Submitted by International Uranium (USA) Corporation
Submitted
September 20,1999
Revised October 22, 1999
CHARACTERZATION OF CHLOROFORM POLLUTION IDENTIFIED in lvfW4
The characterization of chloroform pollution identified in MW-4 will include descriptions
of:
(l) The amount, form, concentration, toxicity, environmental fate and transport, and
other signifi cant characteristics of chloroform;
(2) The areal and vertical extent of the chloroform concentration and distribution; and
(3) The extent to which chloroform has migrated and is expected to migrate.
Characterization of chloroform pollution that has been detected at MW4 will be
accomplished in the following phases, with each being modified and/or guided by data
gathered in the preceding phase:
Phase 1: Chloroform Source Assessment Report/Copies to NRc, UDEe, and U.S.
EPA. Interviews, historical research, and field work is largely complete. These data will
be compiled into a report, with the assistance of a technical expert.
Milestone: September 30
Status: Report submitted September 29,1999
Phase 2: Work Plan for Evaluation of Representativeness of lvIW-4 for Chloroform
Detection/Copies to NRC, UDEQ, and U.S. EPA. Preliminary plans have been
developed, and will be incorporated into a field Work Plan.
Milestone: September 24
Status: Submitted September 23, 1999
Phase 2a: Implementation of Work Plan for Evaluation of Representativeness of MW-4
for Chloroform Detection. The Work Plan will be implemented as soon as possible upon
its completion to ensure that necessary data for subsequent phases are collected promptly
and, hopefully, before major weather changes which might affect the schedule.
Milestone: September 28
Status: Implemented September 28
Phase 2b: Report on Representativeness of MW4 for Chloroform Detection copied to
NRC, UDEQ, and U.S. EPA. Data will be evaluated by independent geochemical,
hydrology, and fate and transport experts, and they will assist ruSA in preparation of a
report.
Milestone: November 4
Revised Milestone: Submit interim results and Revised Phase 2 Work Plan on
October 22
Phase 3: Resampling of MW-4
Milestone: October 29
Revised activity to conduct sampling as pcr Revised Phase 2 Work PIan
Revised Milestone: Implement Revised Phase 2 Work Plen November 2
Phase 4: @ependent upon results of Phase 3) (a) Development of monitoring program
for chloroform at MW-a q[ 0) Development of program for the delineation of a potential
chloroform plume in the area of MW-4, and copies of plan for such program to NRC,
UDEQ, and U.S. EPA. Independent technical experts will assist ruSA in either the
development of a monitoring program for chloroform at MW-4 or development of a
program for delineation of a potential chloroform plume.
Milestone: November 26
Revised Milestonc: January 2t
Phase 5: @ependent upon results of Phase 4) (a) Implementation of program for
monitoring chloroform at lvIW-4 qf O) Implementation of program for the delineation of a
potential chloroform plume in the area of MW-4. If a program for monitoring chloroform
at MW4 is indicated, based on results of Phase 4, then it will be implemented within the
first quarter of the year 2000. If,, however, a program for delineation of a potential
chloroform plume is indicated by Phase 4 results, then weather may affect IUSA's ability
to implement the field program at the same proposed date as for (a), and therefore a later
date is indicated for the completion of (b).
Milestone for (a): January 10, 2000
Milestone for (b): March 6, 2000
Revised Milestone for (a): February 14, 2000
2. FACILITY CHARACTEzuZATION
The Facility Characterization will include descriptions of:
(1) Location of Chloroform present and media of occurrence;
(2) Hydrogeologic conditions underllng and upgradient and downgradient of the
facility;
(3) Surface waters in the area;
(4) Climatologic and meteorologic conditions in the area of the facility;
(5) Type, location and description of possible sources of chloroform at the facility; and
(6) Groundwater withdrawals, pumpage rates, and usage within a 2-mile radius.
3. DATAREPORT
The Data Report will include:
(l) Data packages including quality assurance and quality control reports;
(2) A description of the data used in the report; and
(3) A description ofany data gaps encountered, how those gaps affect the analysis and
any plans (if warranted) to fill those gaps.
4. FINAL REPORT
A report including characterization of chloroform pollution identified in MW4, facility
characterization, and a data report will be sent to NRC, UDEQ, and U.S. EPA on or
before March 20, 2000 if program (a), described in Phase 5 is followed, or Mey 26,2OOO
if program (b) described in Phase 5 is followed. This date will allow for inclusion of data
from Phase 5 of the characterization of chloroform pollution, if required.
Revised report date for program (a): April 24,2000
5. EVALUATION OF EIGHT OTHER PARAMETERS DISCUSSED IN UDEQ
TRANSMITTAL LETTER OF AUGUST 23, 1999
In the transmittal letter accompanyirig the Notice of Violation and Groundwater
Corrective Action Order dated August 23, 1999, the Director of the Division of Radiation
Control requested that IUSA include certain parameters, which are generally referred to in
an accompanying Issue Paper as "some or all (sic) which may be due to background
groundwater conditions at the site", in the Groundwater Contaminant Investigation
mandated by the attached order. The August 23 letter describes the parameters of
interest, which are not part of the Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action
Order, as follows:
"In addition to the chloroform discovered in IUC monitoring well MW-4, four (a) (sic)
other pollutants have been identified in wells sampled which appear to be in excess of
State health based groundwater standards, including: Gross alpha [MW-2, MW-3, MW-4,
MW-12, MW-14, MW-I5, MW-I7, MW-I8, and MW-19], nitratefnitrite (I.I) MW-41,
manganese [MW-I, MW-3, MW-4, MW-ll, MW-14, MW-15, MW-17, and lvIW-I8],
selenium [MW-I5], and total uranium [MW-3, MW-4, MW-14, IWil-15, I\d\il-I7, lvf\il-
18, and MW-19]. Three (3) other potential indicators of groundwater pollution were also
found in concentrations below State health based groundwater standards, ammoni4 iron,
and tetrahydrofuran."
Although the letter describes groups of "fou/' and "three" parameters, IUSA understands
that UDEQ requests review of a total of eight (not seven) parameters, those being:
l. Gross alphaZ. Nitrate+nitrite (N)3. Manganese4. Selenium5. Total uranium6. Ammonia7. Iron8. Tetrahydrofuran
A report on the evaluation of the above eight parameters will be sent to NRC, UDEQ, and
U.S. EPA on or before November 30, 1999.
4
on lha ltve .
lagg,gllsii
liEilriF
lir$Ii$BTa
P 1q1 301, ?30
//t2,2c -C'/
HUlii','i[T c.ffitLo ru.i r
rtrol*rrdn.. Coverage P rovided--
EIFsii*5i 13,OE
BrcrhtSontlcaThank yon
ii" .it rt"i"' rnlema-linnal Mail laaa rd'^6^l
MR DAVIU Elrr'rYr
rne pngsrDB{
TNTIBNATIONALmowimomw
lryou
lelx8
1l,ff[
ls#l*
ior urhg Bctum
lr)lolol
-l'clo.
oooG'
EoTL
Cartfied Fee
Special Delivery Fee
Restrided 0div6ty Feo
Rettrm necaB StPwinS to
Whom & Dau De[qncl
netrn neceir StrortU o V0'qn
thie. & Adte6s6o's Add€ss-
TOTAL Postag€ & Feos $
or Dat€
U)o
.4IRBORNE
EXPRESS"
Date Printed: Nov 29, 1999
From (Company):' INTL URANIUM CORP
STE 95O INDEPENDENC PLZ
1O5O 17TH ST
DENVER, CO E0265
ongtr; DEN
iltlilililililI1ilililililIil1ililililfl!l|!il!lililillililllltfl
Airbill#: 57255508155
SentBy: Davkl Frydenlund
Phone*: 303-628-7798Weight: LefterBtTo: Sender
B*ng Ret
To (Company):
State of Utah
Div.- Radiational Control
168 North 1950 West
Salt Lake City, UT 84114
Attention Io; Wlliam Sinclair
Phone*: 801-536-4255
Servrce;
E
SpeoalSenabe;
Route:
SLG 8J
UGHTSHIP Ver.2.05
Fold Along This Line
Descdption: lnsurance: Not lnSufed
DO NOT PHOTOCOPY.
Using a photocopy could delay the delivery of your package and will result in additional shipping charges.
Thank you for shipping with Airborne Express.
Ixrnnrueuox,!
UnaNruu (use)
ConronertoN
Independence Plaza, Suite 950 o 1050 Seventeenth Street r Denver, CO 80265 . 303 628 7798 (main) . 303 389 .{125 (f.rx)
November 29,1999
Via Overnight Mail \i
A1' .,,"'Don A. Ostler, P.E.
Executive Secretary
Utah Water Quality Board ;
P.O. Box 16690
288 North 1460 West
Salt Lake City, UT 84116-0690
Re: Transmittal of Report on Eight Other Parameters Discussed in UDEQ Transmittal Letter
of August 23,1999 - Utah DEQ Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action
Order, UDEQ Docket No. UGQ-20-01, lssued on August 23, 1999
Dear Mr. Ostler:
This letter transmits International Uranium (USA) Corporation's ("IUSA's") report prepared by a
professional geochemist on the evaluation of eight other parameters discussed in the referenced
Utah Department of Environmental Quality ("LDEQ") transmittal letter. The IUSA Schedule for
Contamination Investigation Submittals (Revision l, October 22, 1999) committed to deliver a
report on the evaluation of these parameters to NRC, IIDEQ, and U.S. EPA on or before
November 30, 1999.
In the transmittal letter accompanying the Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective
Action Order dated August 23,1999, the Director of the Division of Radiation Control requested
that IUSA include certain parameters, which are generally referred to in an accompanying Issue
Paper as "some or all of which may be due to background groundwater conditions at the site", in
the Groundwater Contaminant Investigation mandated by the order attached to the transmittal
letter. The August 23 transmittal letter describes the parameters of interest, which are not part of
the Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order, as follows:
"In addition to the chloroform discovered in IUC monitoring well MW-4, four (4)
(sic) other pollutants have been identified in wells sampled which appear to be in
excess of State health based groundwater standards, including. Gross alpha [MW-2, MW-3, MW-4, MW-12, MW-14, MW-15, Nlf\V-I7, MW-18, and MW-191,
nitrate+nitrite (N) [MW-4], manganese [vtw-1, IvM-3, Ivtw-4, Ivtw-ll, Mw-t4,
MW-l5, MW-17, and MW-181, selenium llvfw-15], and rotal uranium [MW-3,
MW-4, MW-14, MW-15, MW-17, MW-18, and MW-191. Three (3) other
potential indicators of groundwater pollution were also found in concentrations
Mr. Don A. Ostler
November 29,1999
Page2 of 2
below State health based groundwater standards, ammonia, iron,
tetrahydrofuran."
Although the letter describes groups of "four" and "three" parameters, IUSA has
purposes of this report, that UDEQ was requesting review of a total of eight
parameters, those being:
Gross alpha
Nitraternitrite (N)
Manganese
Selenium
Total uranium
Ammonia
Iron
Tetrahydrofuran
If you have any
(303) 38e-4131.
questions regarding the enclosed report, please contact Michelle Rehmann at
MRR:smc
cclatt: Dianne Nielson, DEQ
William J. Sinclair, DRC
Loren Morton, DRC
David Cunningharn, DEQ, SE District Health Department
Dave Arrioti, DEQ, SE District Health Department
Fred Nelson, Utah Asst. Attorney General
Terry Brown, U.S. EPA Region VIII
Milt Lammering, U.S. EPA Region VIII
Thomas Essig, U.S. NRC, Washington, D.C.
Bill von Till, U.S. NRC, Washington, D.C.
Charles Hackney, U.S. NRC, Region IV
Michelle R. Rehmann
Earl E. Hoellen
Harold R. Roberts
Ronald F. Hochstein
William N. Deal
Ronald E. Berg
and
assumed, for
(not seven)
EVALUATION OF EIGHT OTHER PARAMETERS
NOVEMBER 29, 1999
Submitted to:
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Prepared by:
Roman Z.Pyrih, Ph.D.
Geochem Ventures International
Golden, Colorado
Submitted by:
International Uranium (USA) Corporation
Denver, Colorado
Contact: Michelle Rehmann
303.389.4131
I.O INTRODUCTION
In a transmittal letter that accompanied the Notice of Violation and Groundwater
Corrective Action Order dated August23,1999, the Director of the Division of Radiation
Control of the Utah DepartmenJ of Environmental Quality (UDEO requested that
International Uranium (ruSA) Corporation include certain parameters in its groundwater
contaminant investigation which were not part of the Notice of Violation and
Groundwater Corrective Action Order. The eight parameters included "four" potential
contaminants that were found during the May 1999 split sampling of wells at the White
Mesa Uranium Mill site to be at concentrations in excess of Utah's health based
groundwater standards :
o Gross Alpha
e Total Uranium
r Nitrate + Nitrite. Manganeseo Selenium
and, "three" other indicators of potential groundwater contamination that were found in
wells at concentrations below Utah's health based groundwater standards:
o Ammoniao Iron
o Tetrahydrofuran
Although the transmittal letter described groups of "four" and "three" parameters, IUSA
understands that UDEQ requests ruSA to include a total of eight (not seven) parameters
The Issue Paper that accompanied the Notice of Violation stated that of the eight
parameters "...currently under review by UDEQ, some or all (which) may be due to
background groundwater conditions at the site." The purpose of this report is to review
and to evaluate the occurrence of these eight parameters in terms of site hydrology,
monitoring history, and water quality information based on l9 years of data collections
and on background measurements from off-site wells in the area. In our opinion, the
levels of these constituents reported in the May 1999 split sampling are indeed due to
background groundwater conditions at the Mill site.
2.0 SITE HYDROLOGY
The White Mesa Mill is located 6.2 miles southwest of Blanding, Utah. The Mill is
situated on White Mesa, surrounded on the east and west sides by Westwater Canyon and
Corral Canyon. The site plan map is provided as Figure 1. Cross-sections cutting the
mill site from east to west (A - A') and from north to south (B - B') are provided in
Figures 2 and3.
The perched groundwater zone within the first 70 - 150 feet of the surface is the first
water horizon. As such, it is the earliest horizon for detection of possible tailings cell
seepage and is used for groundwater monitoring. [t is this groundwater that is the subject
of ongoing investigations.
This perched groundwater is not a regional aquifer, but a perched zone of water.
Downgradient regional users of groundwater are not affected by this zone. The
preponderance of wells that are located in the perched zone are several miles upgradient,
to the north of the White Mesa Mill where the saturated thickness is greater. There are
some shallow wells immediately upgradient of the Mill that are used for irrigation
purposes. Aside from the monitoring wells used by the Mill, there are no wells
completed in the perched zone that are in use downgradient of the Mill site. Groundwater
in this perched zone actually daylights in outcroppings in the canyons. Figure 3
illustrates what little water makes it to the canyons slowly seeps out and evaporates. At
the Mill site, the hydraulic gradient in the perched zone is generally to the south /
southwest @igure a).
Groundwater in the Entrada / Navajo sandstones is the first useable aquifer of
significance documented in the area of the Mill. The Entrada / Navajo aquifer is an
artesian aquifer that is used regionally for irrigation and domestic consumption. At the
Mill site, the Entrada / Navajo aquifer is separated from the perched groundwater zone by
more than 1,200 feet of unsaturated, low permeability rock formations This combination
of low permeability, thick unsaturated strat4 and artesian pressures within the aquifer
provides a natural barrier that protects the Entrada / Navajo aquifer from contamination
o
v,oo
88R9
H
ch
(t)
3
oo
o
Itsutr't
o
v,acl
GI
0{o
.rA
aJtrJ
=-Ygoaob0'a tr
otU
ooo+
oooN
o
(6
O.AB6
rYC.LX- '; h<E o mv) z, _cDcr a !v a/)trg o- H trr
h9Vt6.-L. -C t- 0)?B _E =c! o-r IJ.=O*,-lDGt .-- .-E a 6(l)-sZ-
E
a€
3
ozzoE * IoxJrD=tnuJR.xd:
tn(L)(rrLtrJJZf5 E Xqe r = E2 q e $
azzUJi:iFF-El./.)lr'.,35EEt- il ^/
o .-* n
I
(
It-t
II'..'-j,--',AJ
i;\ l: //l\-, \ l: N
i-:t \1'.. ll-
JJo<u- l-al<s-\:Es \*:'ai
,too)
\ -\
ll
I
;
IaftL
;
:It
l6!. / - \.r-
tl
4e
V,kAy^
^-s I t-,
*I**r-
li {P
I e <r,*
9 o<9
<":ai --t,/i/,
\.
,/t
Irrrrrt
/-'
I/
v/'l
t
/
I
I
\
fg
t,
I r__v_
bI
i
j{o:at :.,.?
!ro'da
i. I
LT'E-
t e-li'tii
,r|a </
l.Yil,"
--l-21
;-)-lv.or{Ldoo-zof(r()&(D
[:i
Vi :taa.--r--rrr,lor--,-
I\
nc-._>qR
I
I
t
I\
i S ittIt/;
I-\ \\t\,\(\tl/,,
t
I
t
I
I
r)
o
a(ISTING
CROUNO SURFACE
-Lluo
G,t!
E6
E
oAKOT S n6I0r{E/
BT RRO Cll{Yq,lrcmrAION
-Ja
FUJ
UJL {€ooioF
LrlJtrl
IYATER IIVEL
ENTRAOA/i{AVAJO AgUTFER
CASED NIERVAL
WELL SEAL
rO SURFACE
t{^YNOSr!t{0SIONE
Section A- A'
ItrE
In ternational u ran tffi
[r,;t)
corporation
ETTVATERcrrYo{lrElffi
RECTPruRErarffi
SALT IIASHllEilER
suullERYtr r F
R'RIl^NOil
Figure 2. Cross-section autting from west to east (A - A') through White Mesa
A,
3700
Sooo
JVI
t-trJLJ
tooo L
iq
F
tdJLJ4600
unoa sAxaEltrc/Hffi"ffi
mllrusrlE
ao
?o
=
S.-l!
io
59rrolr!
AitEilx rtEr LdEt-a{ilro /r.Art|o Aqfflr
Section B - B'
[! International uraniffilyffi,i corporation
Figure 3. Cross-section cutting fiom north to south (B - B') through White Mesa
trH(J
,il:EiliEii
ilu E E= H
'-
€cl
g
REq)
ol.t
0,E
;i3JUHg: Es3 Ed'9EE-= ez g 6O'k
= rr -ooA u Z EE=5 FH ? = j.=H E:8E 8E a:bz g
E-rr'o=XHHfr:=-6=23=6o'6__ , .L A : +5ts 2z I z ssEEgHg g
;d.e4tro
ofsO0-@
5 ti i5
ii
7g
";Vol.'L1
loI
i
o\
tzr \
)eI\3
* (J-
A9s
;);t&<trJ Oo-zofGOo-@
3.0 MONITORING OF PERCHED ZONE
Water-quality data has been collected at the Mill site since 1979. Data includes pre-
operational groundwater sampling and operational sampling of the perched zone. For
some of the eight parameters, the data consists of quarterly monitoring results taken for
up to 19 years. For other parameters, the data consists of a few analyses taken at
upgradient or offsite locations, to characterize the levels of the parameters in the perched
zone. No historical data exists for tetrahydrofuran; it was never used at the Mill.
3.1 Pre-OperationalBackground Sampling
Pre-operational background sampling began in July 1977. Analyses were performed by
the Utah State Division of Environmental Health, Lab No. 77061 The results that were
available at the time of publication of the 1978 Environmental Report (ER) were
published in Table 2.6-6, "Water Quality of Ground Waters and Springs in Project
Vicinity." Additional discussions of pre-operational water quality were published in the
1979 Final Environmental Statement (ES) for the White Mesa Uranium project. As
described in the ES, groundwater water-quality data collected from January 1977 to May
1977 indicated the following:
o Surfiace water samples Gl, G3, G4, and G5 were taken from springs within
Cottonwood Creek, originating in the perched water zone. Sample G2 was
collected from a well completed in the Navajo Sandstone that exceeded drinking
water standards for iron and selenium.
o Abandoned stock wells (G6 and G7) on the project site that were completed in
the Dakota Sandstone were of poor quality, frequently exceeded drinking water
standards for arsenic, iron, selenium and sulfate. Total dissolved solids ranged
from about 700 to 3,300 mglL.
3.2 Early Operational Sampling
The earliest reports with groundwater data were issued around 1980, on analyses done by
WAMCO labs. Subsequent analyses were performed by CORE Laboratories (1982 -
1983), UCC Metals Division Developmental Laboratory (1984), EDA Instruments (1985
- 1986), and Barringer Labs (1987 - 1994).
Several reports concluded that the perched water zone under the Mill site has always
contained groundwater of poor quality, and that the groundwater was highly variable in
water quality. Establishing background for the site on water quality at one well was
inappropriate. For example, in Section 2.2.4 of the United States Nuclear Regulatory
Commission's Environmental Assessment that was prepared in consideration of license
renewal for the White Mesa Uranium Mill, the following illustrates the condition:
"A staffreview of the groundwater quality indicated that downgradient monitor
wells Nos. 2,3,4. 5. ll, 12, and 13 show a higher concentration of dissolved
constituents than does the background well (No.l). Because this has been
observed since the time of the preoperational monitoring program, it probably
represents normal variance in the ground water."
The Hydrogeologic Evaluation of White Mesa Uranium Mill prepared in 1994 by Titan
Environmental Corporation reiterates that the groundwater in the perched zone is poor
quality and highly variable. The perched water is of poor quality because it is dissolving
minerals from the Brushy Basin Member. The water quality is highly variable because
of several factors, including:
o Slow groundwater velocities that allow water to equilibrate with local
mineralogy.
o Mineralogical variability of the host rock unit in which the perched zone is
found.
o Partial penetration of some wells into the top of the underlying Brushy Basin
Member.
o Decrease in saturated thickness of the perched zone south of the site.
The average total dissolved solids (TDS) for the site wells in the perched water zone
range from about 1,200 to 5,000 mglL, and the average sulfate concentrations range from
about 600 to 3,000 mgtL. According to the Utah Administrative Code, R448-6,
groundwater with TDS of 3,000 to 10,000 m/L is classified as Class lll-Limited Use. A
number of upgradient wells (MW- l9), cross-gradient wells (MW- 4 and l7), and
downgradient wells (MW-3, 4,12,14, and l5) would fall into this classificarion (Figures
5 and 6). Monitoring wells MW-2, 3, 4, 5, ll, 12, 14, 15, and l7 have consistently
exceeded the Utah Class II and III standard of 1,000 mg/L for sulfate since the
groundwater monitoring program was initiated. The results are tabulated in historical
data included in Appendix B. The reported concentrations in Figure 6 are well within the
typical historic range for each respective well.
=zI
Ftr
e.v zgDE
3 S,;8u-O6
F|\)
x:
z. c^>F
€\oI
c.v?gE?
r- EBo*,!C!
!J OP^zts>.t
€\o
e.-U>tnzoo" ttlnJ-5-5O
!/ o
z;>s"-
\o\o
ft
I
I
t
>r,
(,Qttst(D
:/,
-lo
D)
U
t1U'o
(!E0o
o.v,
r.l
Ua
oaHod
o.{D)oFt
EFo
r5ono
(!o.
No
(D
^a- {'
,(o
-:<1";tt
IN\ q P f sE E-e d f;xiiva
rnczFiSTO
nc'oa B = BcZPrn1ro:rlrLnrfe.Sf; E n s,r d9arozzota
:(o
E
I
l
/N 9a 3=il at I-H* F1 #g
:[,}}BEor./,o
Ba9O)
?(.)Ff5'g o;gr€Er-ts.!u)o \JE)5tst€ PE
F63Fa((D )f.a LaeBg8ga:ob,F5-oF{. vl 'ca(DE.FD5
n3€qtoFlFtL
(De
ra-r-;r{rrrr
-rtrtr--!ca
6>.
N>
bt,--,l-,--,
B>
I
I
I
:t
:I
:t
!
I
I
C,E?gP?ocid,;14
Hgo
58
"o\is"-
\o\o
--l
/
I*l
I
)/
CD -I]OTCOzaomy7li1
/tt\
,\dt\\
. \ \-\ttI/tlttlti I d'
F=gE=iEE=Hr* !D' o!3' 4'A Eg FE
;E{ffi
tD -t,
-* O lO39 c oo.{ zr
EE 9$zr -l1{
o'i
-,-t
o>
a,t
,\tAl
iT-ilrl
?'rItf ,.
'lt*,jiT
C,.7H}?oo5; !1'
E8oI
;JOzt>8"-
\o€
+-
t'
!I
!tI
trCoz.mln\F
zo
L.1
Goo
t)oo
}J
t-J
"6
\o\o
c.U>d1?a,:. ;-J c,o\
Eo
Pz
atz
!T55o
o\oo
hJ\o
"9
\o\o
-47HE?,o o:;!T,-
J8o
-!FAOEP^zE>F
€\o5
e;EzH}?f8;
d5o
-iFU
lro2^zfi>3
\o3
I
FF "r\-\
1.,
5st-2G=
Ftr
CFU>tnzoo; lTttJ -!i5eo.o
I
d@xov:
hJ ooo-3.:-
G\o
sF=Hiz*I8';h.)-tsH
?
63P^
E5
6\oI
s
!C
!
CFU>tnzoo; lI','3go
-l
-oo^P5o, 9Pa-v
\o&:,
ft
I
I
t
7 Aats'g c:<BH-g trro * "*-\o :'t f\oHEl(r) o l=lFn 5 -'-HHt.E-d=i-.5rESErEFEE8g
oo
a'
(D
A)>-t
F(D\,oFl+oo-
Frl
oacFl(D
I
aE
$'t!
0qr-loc
b.{E)o
Elo
r5(!
()
tIo
No
CD
/'r,
,(o
-<1".itt
IN\ P P T B
(, --{ -{ lrl mx22xa
EfET=.
v:l'Oafr = BCz.'#rnllc)--otneEP.Sf; E n mi d3arozz6)ta
:(o
3
I
I
/
E)
-<- (Dqu) 3)o)at Fir"r O ='te,VH;-)'-UD)
= e {;O ) 5'r'i. otFi i-
s € rioa FrC:I ZU)P o E>l.=' oJ:O(o rrr 5a6FlD'F}l-.ots)
r-rr-;,r{rrrt
-r--r--r-!
6>a
s>
bl,--,1-,--,
B;
t
:
I
:I
:
a
:
I
:
I
I
CV?H'<OCid"
N !r.J
EUeoo
o5
tJ hJuoo'
\o6-J
No
o
-- l,
/
Ir-l
I
)/
.hooa+
u)ToroCOzaomy){]7-<1
s-Sr>r'
HEF EOO- "
pl"Ex 6o5
-N C
P^ ;tsu s\o:
G6-.1
/
I
,I\\
\,t,tltltl
-)
D?oNqr;o
-ooo
8l
"-
\o@Jr
I
orI'
-€6o
eo>
€
o
uI ro
5E I Io; z-o
sE 9ss zt-l-q{
o'i
-, -t
o!>
tD
f
a,i
,\,4t
+I
h
IT'
\oo
},J
o
h.J
6o
\oa\o
T,Jo
oP
\o}.Jo
+-
l'
II
:
aI
cvzgB?zOo;?.isr-j 3P-r5
=aL;Ooo
\ou50u-l
€\oN
--zgE?OO=;!T'-
83o
!.)Etsoo
..t-Ji.) |.){o
\o\o
ev2gE?
t8"
tst
l'J=+qooo
..p
F,J UrOA8":
\o\oo
I
iF 'r\-\
1",
4.0 REVIEW OF TTM EIGHT PARAMETERS OF CONCERN
In May 1999, International Uranium (USA) Corporation conducted split sampling with
UDEQ that included 12 monitoring wells in the perched groundwater at the Mill site.
The results of laboratory analyses from the sampling are included in Appendix A.
Chloroform was detected in monitoring well MW-4 and was the basis for the State of
Utah issuing a Notice of Violation and Groundwater Corrective Action Order. In
addition to the chloroform, the eight other parameters were highlighted including gross
alpha and total uranium; ammonia, nitrate + nitrite; iron, manganese, and selenium, and
tetrahydrofuran.
4.1 Gross Alpha
Based on gross alpha (total) analyses, UDEP identified nine monitoring wells (2
upgradient, 2 cross-gradient and 5 downgradient) that appear to be in excess of State
health based groundwater standards. Utah drinking water standards include a standard
for gross alpha (15 pCill) that excludes radon and uranium. None of the monitoring
wells reported gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium) that exceeded the Utah
standard.
4.2 Total Uranium
There is no Utah standard for uranium applicable to groundwater. However, UDEQ
identified seven monitoring wells (two upgradient, two cross-gradient, and three
downgradient) that contained elevated levels of uranium. There are water-quality data on
total uranium from 1981, collected on perched groundwater from the monitoring wells at
the Mill site. These results are tabulated in historic groundwater data included as
Appendix B. Monitoring data on uranium are plotted also in semi-annual effluent reports
provided to the U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
In the historical data there are instances where higher levels of uranium were reported in
monitoring wells upgradient of the Mill site, than were detected downgradient. The
results from the split sampling conducted in May 1999 were consistent with monitoring
results from nearly 18 years of data collection. Figure 7 illustrates total uranium in the
monitoring wells on May 1999, and compares the results with historical data from the
Mill site. The levels of uranium reported in the monitoring wells during the split
sampling are due to natural background groundwater conditions at the site.
4.3 Ammonia
There is limited historical data on ammonia in deep or perched zone monitoring wells. A
1981 D'Appolonia letter report, "Assessment of Groundwater Quality, White Mesa
Project, Blanding, IJtah," references ammonia in deep monitoring wells WW- l, -2, -3,
and -4 to be in a range between <0.01 mg/L and 2.6 mglL, and in "intermediate-depth"
ll
perched zone well 7-2 to be 2.2 mglL. One report from I980 indicated the ammonia
concentration in a Mill site sedimentation pond (Baker's Lake) to be I 16 mg/L.
The historical data presented in Appendix B records four samplings for ammonia in
perched zone monitoring wells between 1989 and 1990. The results indicated ammonia
in monitoring wells MW-l through MW-12 to be in the range of 0.1 mg/L and 0.7 mg/L.
The available historical data are consistent with the monitoring results from May 1999.
Figure 8 illustrates ammonia reported in the perched groundwater sampled in May 1999.
The concentration of ammonia in upgradient monitoring well MW-l is consistent with
concentrations reported in downgradient wells (MW-5 and -l l). The ammonia level is
higher in upgradient well MW-l than in downgradient wells (MW-2, -3, -12, - 14, and -
15). The levels of ammonia reported during the May 1999 split sampling are due to
natural background conditions at the site. There are numerous stock ponds in the area of
the Mill site that are affected by farming and ranching operations, and could be affecting
the groundwater quality of the perched zone. There is no Utah standard for ammonia
applicable to groundwater.
4.4 Nitrate + Nitrite
The drinking water standard for nitrate + nitrite is l0 my'L, as N. There is limited
historical data on nitrate. Another D'Appolonia letter report and associated data
reference nitrate in deep groundwater wells WW-3, -4, and -5 to be in a range between
0.1 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L, in l98l and 1982, and in "intermediate-depth" perched zone well
7-2to be between 8 and l2 mglL, in 1981. Reports from l98l indicate nitrate in Baker's
Lake to be between 2 and3.5 md.
Figure 9 illustrates nitrate + nitrite reported in perched groundwater sampled in May
1999. The nitrate + nitrite level in cross-gradient monitoring well MW-4 (10 0 mg/L) is
elevated, as is the level in upgradient monitoring well MW-19 (1.3 mg/L) With rhe
possible exception of cross-gradient well MW-4, the levels of nitrate in the monitoring
wells are due to natural background conditions at the site. As typified by upgradient well
MW-19, the perched groundwater is affected by farming and ranching in the area.
Iron
The drinking water standard for iron is 0.3 mg/L. ln the May 1999 split sampling, iron
exceeded drinking water standards in upgradient monitoring well MW- I ( I .93 mg/L) and
in cross-gradient monitoring well MW-4 (0.367 mg/L) Figure l0 illustrates iron
reported in perched groundwater sampled in May 1999. The historical data references
even higher iron levels across the Mill site. The levels of iron reported in the May 1999
split sampling are representative of natural background conditions at the site.
45
t2
Pre-operational monitoring data presented in the 1978 Environmental Report and the
1979 Final Environmental Statement describes groundwater in the Navajo Sandstone and
Dakota Sandstone exceeding the drinking water standard for iron. The 1980
D'Appolonia letter report identified iron in deep upgradient wells near the present Mill
site at locations WW-l (0 04 - 0 5 1 mg/L), WW-2 (<0 01 - 0 09 mg/L), WW-3 (<0 01 -
3.5 mglL), and WW-4 (0.09 - | 77 mglL). Monitoring of the same wells in I98l I 1982
reported elevated iron levels at WW-l (0.76 - 0.58 mg/L), WW-2 (0.91 - 0.35 mg/L),
WW-3 (0.33 - 7.8 mglL), and WW-4 (0.07 - 0.56 mg/L)
4.5 Manganese
The drinking water standard for manganese is 0.05 mg/L. In the May 1999 split
sampling, eight monitoring wells exceeded State health based groundwater standard for
manganese. Elevated levels of manganese were reported in upgradient wells MW -l and
- 18, in cross-gradient wells MW-4 and -17, and in downgradient wells MW-3, -l I, -14,
and -15. Figure l l illustrates manganese reported in perched groundwater sampled in
May 1999. The levels of manganese reported in the split sampling are due to natural
background conditions at the site.
Historical data references comparable concentrations across the Mill site. The 1980
D'Appolonia letter report identified manganese in deep upgradient wells near the present
Mill site at locations WW-l (0 03 -0.21 mgL), WW-z (0 l8 - 0 50 mg/L), WW-3 (0 05
- 1.79 mglL), and WW4 (0 85 - 1 00 mg/L)
4.6 Selenium
The drinking water standard for selenium is 0.05 mglL. Downgradient monitoring well
MW-15 exceeded standards in the May 1999 split sampling, and has a history of
exceeding the selenium standard in the past. There are water-quality data on selenium
from 1980, collected on perched groundwater from the monitoring wells at the Mill site.
These results are tabulated in historical groundwater data included as Appendix B. Also,
time / concentration plots of monitoring data for selenium are provided in semi-annual
eftluent reports to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Figure 12 illustrates selenium in the monitoring wells on May 1999, and compares the
results with historical data from the Mill site. The monitoring data from May 1999 are
consistent with historical data and are representative of natural background conditions.
4.7 Tetrahyrofuran
Utah DEQ tentatively identified tetrahydofuran in one upgradient well (MW - l) and one
downgradient well (MW-3). IUC did not detect tetrahyrdofuran in the May 1999 split
sampling. Recent (09128199) sampling and analyses of groundwater from MW-4 also
failed to detect the chemical IUC has never used tetrahydrofuran at the Mill.
l3
F;G=
Ftr
C,VU>Ir' Zoa.; !t'
fa gr
_oc^ai=P:F\Ob\otog
gE515z7pg;
}JhJ
p
6I',.€*rO{U
C,F 7gP?oci; -; !T'
a) -rPi
t9t'..€
-6
?otiio;,gI\J
e (l H6gt€ET'
ca 6'eEiJ'EE F>F6=rc=
=oQ-HUE'E.git
AX\-lvt.5\g t-(
;og)Fl
F(DtoBd(D
_g
T'
oq
hr(D
)J
CFtB:
e,
!o
()
t!o.
No
(D
o
o5.
0a
{o
?
^.- {t
,(o
-<!";€t
IN\ P P f BH E -e d f;^iivarnczF'3BO
:,JC'Oafr = ICz.Frrl1lo-ll(nefiP.Satr>-rn 'a -x g)trdo!u,F2 ozzC,ta
:(O
3
,
I
/
-a
\
ts)
-F|<-(Dqa 3)a)11' -r'+- (D
='(JvJ'-OF:{ e {;O ) 5-r-ir. AtFi i-.(,7(D=.
e g F5JU,o-a F)Cl- za3 ? Eeli 5)(.O tlr 5-- '\Ju) a,lY
E
lr.oH)
fr
I
I
\
ra-t-,lt
6> O o;l
bl,--,1-,--,
s>
Bp
-4?E!2r'l,2T-ooo,.'rfl
-JiiJ,p
c=oe
}J€€@'6
No
o
--rE-a--/t
:;--l
/II-l
I
)/
nooa+
q)Tof,)COz.a9myaln -')
v
z
F
5:-\oE
I
rC<g<a
p
co
P
1
,a-
F
zo!T
tJo
\oOa
)I
Ump
o>
/
I
t(
\\\ll,,lllll
,JV-N
r;yi 4'A
dt;
I
Elnp
5-J
o>o\
O.
ul llozl
=H C O:3 z\
EE 9 s- f,t --11{
l-,-;
ot>
rl
kt)
\o\ol'.)
tfrno,:
i.)
CoP
\o'5
p<g<
6,:-
;
)o
\oO
sr<H2*,oO=
}.Jpboi
-<>)=5v:5\O{\oboIj
eF7gE?pR;
6 r.'bo;
;
=o
8F
a\o.-@-€
I
FF-\_\I.
O
E=
-?s5ezCAigPEea'aoaz
7o{(DE.u)
=t
FltAPoaF
EJ
oactro
@
o
A)
Eoo
(Do
No
(!
Bo
o5.
0a
{(D
u,
!<t
IN9 A A;;Ya(A\, --{ -{ Z2{oo
Ai2 m=ndan(_zllo1'D{' rrl
=Frrl art-a
F;GP
Ftr
CUfr,p
obo
co
P
b
c?g?
Cr J-'.69
o\
Co
Pobo\
e?g?-
oj-;{o\
EoP9
fr
I
I
\
r--r-,l
l"i
u *t. o
-r-rr-!rII
6>a
ol,--,l-,--,
{
IS> o)
{
?)r,
=osa
C21, (f1l
'o{qPrira (Oo\tstTGIdBt-ozzoFa
:(og
,
If
H)'=,s-(Dea 3
h--t' O ='U
'-UD,{ 0' {=O ) 5,r'
-r. OfFi L.
e € tErcnO-1g,FrC
P 3' ET9 { i-\/j= s,(o trr 5-^ '\JvroFt9'
6'EI
Bp
s<H*p;
b
ao
Po:
o\
CZ
H=,oUJ;:
o
oie6
N)o
o
:)--l
/
I-l
II/
-lioo
CD -I)o;oCOzaom1ali1
C? ]
H? IPE
io{
E9/
Po\o
/
I
tI\
\
\,l,tltltl
,J\t s\,q
fL
/
l_
C?
H=O rll;
b
eo
P
b
(I, -t)
:,h O f,lO-J C O.= z-o€F (f rrl5€ > f,l;[-)<1
o'i
-,-l
o>
a,t
t
,A
i41l'l
k
s<H*o5;ob
eo>
bo\
o
rh
\
s<H*a=I
|.J\o
co*ou
e?H=xr"{Po
Co>oiet')
C
TJfr,Q
ob
o
P9
I
FF-r\-\
f",
{{,!- z\oo
Ftr
CUITp
ipo
Co>
o\
c?g?o-..6
3
!rCt
!
I
ft
I
I
t
3,2o) F(:!H-F\o-\O FI
;F'o)+EZ
=F{5rJOq '-!?;2Fl
F'-rl
!r
CO
?
T.--EtJoq
F
Fi
0a
Fto
yc
z
D'(!
+z
o
.c,
(n
o
tDo
No
(D
o
or_i
0a
{(D
t,'
^a- {t
.(o
*<l^itI
IN2 E q T BE E4 d f;4224a
rqczr3+-Dc)
xJ
an=icz'frnTclr1IL,r6e.S
f; E i IDldolnF;D ozzo, trj
a(o
3
I
I
/
-r
\
H,
-F;S. (Daa 3)o)('-t- i+r--t' (D ='OY )'-OD){ e {=O ) 5rr-
Fi ird z=I c AB)u)oa F)Cf- zaP o E>
== s,(our 5aE,-tD'F}li.ots)
a
C)rrrl
NoOo
Nooo
too
.hoo.+
--t-rr-t-,l
6> . oll
t!o)
N
s>
={H;
E<Hfou,;ieOt
o
P
i,a
ra3.-Ir--
:l--l /IIl-I
I
)/
q,TOICOz\amy)oir
Cc,m
nNo\o
o>I
I
a
C'fr,a
P
6
Co>I
/
I
)(
\
\
\,l,Ittltl,l s\,
#^
dl,
l_ ,\l\,
C?
H*ON
: r-r/xe+'or>9S-
(I,-o
uq O ZIi,5 CO:i z\39 o rn
=t y 7);o -l1{
o'i
-, -l t
Io>
I
,hCZg?
,o5-ob
eo
P
oL,
,6Er-r
uLo
ma
ztCUmp
L
C)>I
N
s.\\
-NPP r
(,
E
I
Co
P
oN-
I
gE
I
5
:Co>Iu
s<H*p;
3
coPoi')
?l,--r-rr-rl
7t,t}.> F(o) ,\Itso-z\os\O -.\o!'(A-s)53ae9>
50avoU)t
ta
FTJ
0qdts(D
I
Ho
Eoo
(Do.
No
o
o
oFt
0a
{o
o
,2r- c2Gf;o
CUtrla
o!u
o>ob
ezg?aL,.@
Abl.Jo
o
obft
I
I
t
r--r-rt
6>.
N>
b
l,--,]-,a-,
Bp
,-I
:
I
:I
:
a
:t
!
I
I
C?U2rnS,odr^be{
o
P
bo.
?r,
t\
,(o
-<1";{}
IN\ P E f gE Eq d f;x227a
PrEI6
n:J'Oafl = BCz.Frrlllorlr(,r E 3.Sf; E n slrdo'aFx ozZC)ttA
a(o
3
I
I
/
-a
Ht)
-S(Dqa 3)-'A)a-f ;+t-1' (D
='a\ (JVEi<J'TD)€ a {=(D ) 5a'-. alFi i-(,7(}=.
3s rqO-a DrC:I ZCiP o E>
.].=' OJ-O(o rr-l 'I1.\Juto
tsF}H.ots)
-Ir--r-I
N)o
o
:)--l
/fI-l
I
)/
-hooa+
q)TOTCOzaI rrly7J7-<<
--f c,Et"E
rfr
,P/E
. .,,l
C?
H?pil
bhJ
6
Eo
PI
p
/
I
tI\\
\,t,tltltl
,JVN\, f;y4,A
dt;
l_ ,\l\,
H=(., p
A(b\U
fr\tE )r/
o^
u, -tozl;d c o:; ZTGg (f rrlsE Y 7)n-<1
o'i
-,-t
o>
a,r
,\,AI)t1lrrl
h
s<H*C) s
i;
o\..1
eo>
9oOo\
tr;(-i9
Li\s<H{b,!-;-b
tJ\o
e(,)
>ob
E<H*9=
AoNo
-o
P
NE
CZU2rnaPE
obpo
o
Pi-
C?U2tr:
obN)
E.)
P
I
\
\
I
FF -r\-\
I
=;LO
Ftr
ccz UH? 5a, 'j
"6P9te-ooo<>q
EEoo;;i'J boAP
c?g=a,oi.Jo\o
c-oP
PN€\o
5F"-z
E9cnz
Hrd
*Fl5e0a r.V3g5
*qtu)F
E
@ct_fo
-
?
D)
0ao)
tat,tD
E(!
a)
(Do.
No
(D
o
o
5oa
{(D
ln
,(o
-<3";rI
I*8qfB
Yl:JrJrnZZ'1ra
ErEIs
nia ! = IqzHrrlUC)T-Dt,tfio_sf;f;i:E d9arozzota
a(o
3
I
I
/
t)
=7 F;S. (D9a 3
x o 5'.vts J'-ODD
= a {=o r 5;ix. 0JF; ir
e € F5rCnAO-y,FrC:I ?U,8',? =er.-' (.)r=o
€u-r €FtD'
F..oEP
ft
I
I
\
r-rl-t
t!
C')
N
-tI-t-It-I
6>a
s>
Bp
b
l, -.,l -,. - ,
e?g?
,C)6_
..1o
Eo>tJbf.J
N)o
o
:l--l
/
I-l
I
)/
-ioor+
T'noTmx
-l
(I)oCzo
n
IIl-=rrlp
aA:o
rE,8<)b
N
\\SN
E<,Ei r
o
=6
eo3l'9
-t
,J\, _s\, A/4,A
dt;
Uar,a
^
Co
PIo
q, -r,
xE I d:; ZTEE 9$il
o'i
-, -l t
I
a,r
,\,Att/l
h
E5 |8r= L;b5\o
o>
b€
tr
=b?zrm\'C7g?D,;-b
6
eo
Pobo\o\
s<H*Q=o
Bo
eoPo..l
N
I
H=o,:-
:.\oo
Er)
P
3
CU
a9
i.)o
CoP
9
oo
\
\
I
FF -r\-\
f",
?#=Ge
Ftr
evU>dzoo;r
E3{o
F.)
ob
OI>:o.:-b--\O{\o5
P<E<
f,ie;boN
b
N
oe
I.'
\o\o5
eUfl.,pobot'J
Co>obohJ
!lcr
!
e'EzgE?oci-;!TbAoo-bo:obo
=q!r o*b
AFb-c)€
-a
ft
I
I
\
z a06' g trJ:<dF(Dr€sz\oHFl;.i. Aao
H H=.1 2{P- b, EeE€
=Fc€E€F8g
oo
.:()
@p,>1
Foroo
oo-
rl
@tEl(D
N)
CAo
(D
\,ono
(}o
No
=,(D
o
o>1
0a
{(!
IA
,t)r,
.(o
-<l"i{t
INgpqfB
H 4-13 d f;^224a
rnczFi3+o
nJ-oafl = IC'7prnrt6',r-oLnt-<(o
f; E i s,F. eBanrozzoFa
:(O
3
I
l
/
=
\
H.)
=7 Fi<\(D9a 3)o)(-f hox'\JVfl'Ta)
= e {=O ) 5'r-F. O:Fi L.
a € F5)v)O-y,9rC:l- zaP o E>
-r -. A.
='? b'(o (Lr ,.l1a6Ft9'F}ti.oH)
-t--r-,l
E.-a--r--
6>o 6l
l,--,--r--r
s>
Hp
t
:
!
:
I
!I
:
I
I
I
!
CFU>6zoo1rr1bAO\O\Obo
o'o
o^>9
O -.1!6
\OG\o5
cF<o>?mzF,ooc.;rbA
-C){b
ob
=ofbY{
A\O6@
N)o
o
:)--/b/IItl
I
)/
ql -uoroCOzacfm7>Vn-<<
-lr(Do.+
III
ETErrlziooq'i !!O boob'
;oIe-o^>5^pA. o''o-cr€
-@I..1.
\
\
\
?H:-oNJAobie
,c.o)>) "
.s
a
il;
I
\
t
xzq1
iixi
a
I
tsJ
o!tJj-
\o6\o
\
t
I
I
Il--#Hr{9, \,A| _sg'riy
4'n.) ) F
{l/=
,^\
I
tI\
I
I-f
,
I
\
I
I
I
IT-
I
U>fiz,oo^mbA
-C)-b
T
bN
^E:lrofopH8'-{€@o
(I1 -T'of,,;E C O:J Z-O
EE B Sn-<.<.
a,r
,\,4tj#
-il'l
h
\
\
I
|.F-'\-\
U>tnzoo;r,bA50<l\bo
ob
Eo
*'oPG
o\o6€
o
EET
U>dzoo;rbAoo;B
5bl")EO
8epts
o-N\p@@
Er5fiz?,oo:;!1,*bAoopl
-o ;
b
-9(1aPxPEo.o-u\o6\o
50 OFF.SITE BACKGROUND WELLS
The 1994 Hydrogeologic Evaluation of the White Mesa Uranium Mill presenrs warer-
quality data obtained on the perched water zone at several offsite wells in l99l .
Laboratory analyses of the groundwater from the Holt Windmill Well, the Holt Jet Pump
Well, and the Jones Well included most of the eight parameters of concern. These
analyses provide a historical reference to background concentrations for the eight
parameters in off-site wells on White Mesa, in the general area of the Mill site.
The levels and concentrations of the eight parameters in off-site wells (as sampled and
analyzed in 1991) are illustrated in Figure 13. Groundwater was not analyzed for
tetrahydrofuran.
Total uranium levels in the Windmill, Jet Pump and Jones Well were consistent with
levels reported in upgradient wells MW-18 and -19, and exceeded levels reported in such
downgradient wells as MW- 5, -11, and -12. Ammonia levels in the Windmill and Jones
Well exceeded ammonia levels reported in most of the monitoring wells except for MW-
5 and -11. The ammonia concentration reported in groundwater from the Holt Jet Pump
Well was the highest in the area, at 3.0 mgll. Nitrate levels (2.3 mglL) in the Holt Jet
Pump Well exceeded the concentrations reported in all of the monitoring wells, with the
exception of MW-4. Clearly, groundwater in these off-site wells is influenced by
ranching and farming activities which may have introduced ammonia and nitrate into the
subsurface. Iron levels in the Windmill and Jet Pump Wells exceeded the levels in all of
the monitoring wells except for upgradient well MW-l and cross-gradient well MW-4
Manganese levels in Windmill and Jet Pump Wells exceeded the levels reported in all of
the monitoring wells. Selenium in groundwater from the Holt Jet Pump Well exceeded
the concentrations reported in all of the monitoring wells.
The water-quality data provided by the off-site Holt Windmill Well, the Holt Jet Pump
Well, and the Jones Well confirm that the perched groundwater zone at White Mesa is of
poor quality. The concentrations of the eight parameters highlighted in the May 1999
split sampling are consistent with natural background as reported in these off-site wells.
20
E EgE
EE ,
=? i=c
s20
Ftr
r fii-Eq=]'" iA
EE EHgz' B rF(JIfr
zcDq7,, v1ic
>FUIE&>r=
talHlr,7Its.T-:tJqt
F
FrJ
@tr-t(}
!,
UrdDEElfA'
tD(!r_tv)
o
H
U1
(Dt(!
l/)
<lflaf
o1l6>o
^.-:'
,(o
-<i^;ri
IN9 E P f BH E-e d f;xiiaa
rnqzF>'A+.]
n:J-oantlCzFrrlTc):r-lt(,r6e.S
fi E i gItrdotaFvozz6)
':@a(O
3
!1
qa 3) -_: a)alr-1' (D ts'og'--r -u d
= 0- {=O ) 5rr'
fi 36 B'1o- u, F)C:r za!P o Fr>
-r :.='r Od,6 €a6
B
o
z Ao-oo bb
Z 9PJ9!, {!J
DCcr1l
!D
r--rr,t--t-rl--tt-t
ft
I
I
t
Itaz^'-. I -S-^q
f
I
a-/dl ,
)-
o
=,+
(d=to
+'lt
--l
/I b
l,--,]-,--,
tr
EEt-mu)
B:I$
N+
F EFEqE 3A
E 'ifi *
EF H
E f Epr3F
I
I
/
{
IN>6
7tB>a
-tZio
z e$oAo ap
Nooo
o
N)ooo
6oo
-lr(Do
Ir-ar-tar--7.
:)
I-l
II/
q)nOTCOZAa rrly7ln--4 -<.
\
/III
/
I
t(
\\
\,tltltlll
CI-uo;{,COz\orn>;Un1<1
sOt
L
\
ra)
o<{I()
6
bt
at-
>"t<
TF
a,r
,\,AI;t1lrt
k
\
\
I
FF-\-\
l.
6.0 CONCLUSIONS
Water-quality monitoring data from the perched zone have been collected at the Mill site
since 1979. Pre-operational monitoring of the perched zone groundwater indicated that
water quality is poor and highly variable.
The inorganic parameters that were identified by UDEQ in the May 1999 split sampling
were present at concentrations consistent with monitoring results from l9 years of data
collection, or with background measurements from wells on White Mesa in the general
area of the Mill site. The inorganic constituents that are under UDEQ review (uranium,
ammonia, nitrate, iron, manganese, and selenium) occur in the perched groundwater zone
at the Mill site at natural background levels. Tetrahydrofuran has never been used at the
Mill; its reported occurrence is suspect and questionable.
22
APPENDTX A
Analytical Results of May 1999 Split Sampling
iA gfqegFFgegi$gi e3 5il staEgEd&i:di=isHils#H.FE i*=
=iEOq3 5 rin qi==5=E=i gfEBi*5EiFi;ii**H*g$gsg;5 i' * Eilq'';'f,c=sg *i - q;
trs E'H B [ =H-e t; EoJ-r e F ;'g =E dq3 TF g ti-z d B Biq3noosg3Ee.o.f
=oI-. ^ ^ 11-^, 1H.B-1^ ^ 61a", 777777f f ii;i3:f $333d3U OF
H.o€:t E.a E ru fi lH Ai3rfi H. fi a i i H:
nnn-^JAA(,(,ANJ- o - rrr - o - 6 g 6 S io, 1 1 -,1,1 to o o o r o ro xr 6 0 6 0 -r b o 6 b o -
3
777e37r r ; i r E 3 H ; E q : i a r * H;
C
H=
E {E.aBH:;dSa gH*BH.i H [ ; g=
nnAnAn(rL)nA:AAnrulnnanOl? I :' te - o - o (,r or 6 xr -r : J - 6i,.,' Fooooro(,Noobb(ooooooo
E
e73=,77r r E s -; E E 3 $ A 3I u s * H=
N)
t nJ(rAnE^oAnnO) - N r G) @ - - 6 - 6 Or .. rrf j O - _i <^r
=A 1 nli..eA n n nA o^--
s F: ! -, " 3 E 3I8: r'-r crr <"'; 6 E e E. e t fi g i d g; H I r E fi.I e': $
tE
<o o <,r o -r F. 3 E 3 I I : r o o b b b
3
rnn A5 n-nH nnn rr3*TrrrlsI;s;is;::Ell.o - rs j-r 6 a E -r.1,.1,:,,o -. <.r 7f 3*7ff f I S I; S; H S;: = E H * E;
.{
AAn-^-A4... 1 n^r..,rANA^r85sB;xe a;s ag{ s a3;; BBH EH E.aEI ee ilu IHE - H F. *; xe
tE
=
e7733=>7=ld : E 3 i E $ S 3 -, fi 3 * E
E
=
=$tn-A--n n o n A ruAg i-.--,,,^fi= J (, EE333t333qggISg33attH BgEo-i5urdHfiH:*lH-dtsas E
=-=$r
3 => * 7 7 7 r r fi d r E 3 ; $ H 3 3 s E g t '
E
c
E 3 E o - E g e; H: f q s $ E H. ( $; * Ei
l.-^. n A nqitl)AAaAnOJJAAnn<,rO O - N) - 6r - 6 - Cl ru ru -J .j - Co <-n <.r OO O O O Co O <,r ru Co O (o O ! O e @ c| O c)
nnAanA=nnAJAn5 J J r ! N a J r r O (,,r J, -i - O j _i.<rr
o,111 4 1 1__18(, ^ ^. 1 6_1(,
nAnnqDAOJnnnJnnu1 r J J N N o - 6 - 6 ur .j _i .j O -i .J' -t
g iQ o c vv _f!I\) ! ! + < = oo-@ oo(
EiFg* tI ItsEE*ungH*s+s,*liH3 ?E;H E E= g = ;a ;stsa a E ri \ 5a 6 c
sri--DqcLE.r
= i\5 o-
CD
c)r- q)56'A,o--
3
E_=o.r free"efrafrqafifraqqAEf f giFr;888 EgEqEgg33Efi5i;;sls e
zzz z -, z H=gog 2-n n n X 6P X o{_ooooxa.o(rrl3 t s a*7 r a r f i : r r I r r r E -
.
ETEFEEETTEET :'qqErEgEts[8:888;;eu6;;:sIe 9
EEE i aQ F N=rEIEr;ri;rtIrrIrrrH'
sngEEEg::a*=r$:srg[=
zAnnnt\N)J-frf--Orooo-o5(,
=zzz z EoEE - 71 3 s:n n n X EPooo
F r s e77r E r r: i r; I r r r -E
-
; E; qage::a;:, i: af aui
98zsA,1 1ur>o)oo6
1ZZ z _2 z9oo o ze E-AAA_--A ?X Af r s ai? i r F f i r f f I f f
=
Er*t ii EiEEEgE:r5gf rEiErEEEE>io-., br^, ts;g:gEE;;gu6;UegHg t
3zzz z -, = Ofgoo 4,3n 4 n X EP \',, lr'aooo
F r s ailr i r r i I r r I r r r'E
=
gEEEaE E :Ia fr r: E r ErEE:o
IPnnnAtsZ-l!r sr!>c)(ro5
zzz z
ce.,., 3 zz 3 E=_AAA A FX A gj
3 t s e79 f I; f 3 r f f * 797r--
*l=,*ir
oNnnnoZN!r(rrN->@o oo
N
=tzz oz>-j>> <"rD
5zlZZ u1 Z)pD) sD
Nz?zz @z
n57;77 s E
n(,rz-zz az>o>> i5>
Eso
mo
gaggtggtIirgieg
o
-
-afraG^aQafraqqr r u i
aN:-------TJJJJU,>ooooooi>oobbbb t
c
H=zzz?zzzzzzz=oA:rEE!!E!!!EEEEEt
Jo
3
- F F AAfrfrqAqfr6^F F E Ifts;;;;;;;;;;;; g
C
H=z zzz?zzzzzz==Da9-9oooooOOEEoEQxr^<^nAAnA xxXXX(ltTpJJJJJTJ_J(D
E
_afrafrafrfraafrafra*-?<iru-:'----- rJdw>oooooooobooooro
=t
Q tt
-33e66336e666EEqf IIIlIIIIIIII B
=o
.
Q = = z z z z z z z iz z = H:N99oooOOOEEEo'^Annnnnn
^IxX<Af-.---:"-:.-:.- O
.oil
e -3="3="6666eA 6 6 E EIfT.lIIIIIIIII B
=
-AQFFF QqAAA=?FFEE<Nl-----:.---:.- O
=
=(,rc0mofj
E@
gz zz?zzzzzzzzzE9-ooooooOOOoEE
^=nAAnnnAnnnnAJPJJJJJJJAIAA:
zZZZZZZIZ=ZZZ?EoooooooooooOo_X^nnnnnnIIIIIZtir->6oooooooooooo
c9=i5rz zzzzzlzzzzzz6-o-ooooooooo00Cf<JA4 nnAAnnnnnnn(olt:--:-i-j-j-- --@
= g s r i EEe g
-
= s g 3g s sE i il I is3 3g r IEiE $ I i H F
$ t g qEiE
= ' E ?ilE.*'aEE$E ili 863 =ei'= i 6 e =H* z= t3s E F ai -t Ig 5a 3 $6E3E;9o=rad3 PE!i-a.
E=Terrrrs r i ; i f ; E H E ; : S \ H "*
$.. A A N A A -. J N A n A A n5JJ r(r{-6<l.J'_i-(riJr.9.
Co H=gs8 -s (4-l N.. ot
= =
N- a Q dSNdfl A€reEE-; HHS Hi
nn^nnQq) A A n - AN -A-Ll.i a n A A n a <,ro o - N J o - b - !, s) N !, - r (,r (, o, 5oobbobboe€>@ooobbobb
E=7r37r7r r t A I : fi : H
=
a I i g e : Er
NJnnAr"E"]AnrnAr19 r - J N 6l, tr - O r O 5 -i ru j <.r _i .J S
c
,X,l,n-n- a*nSl A A,r,l 3 Nr E=oo-!uN-!o o o o r o, -*gg gs;r;;sg 3 gHE. a HSqHisi* =*E s.; H iq $:
E=
7*37r7r r I ii E ; g i H I : s : E H E;nAA!r-^dnJAAndAr(, J J r (O (llr - r @ J O (, j _i r t.l tU _i (>
c
E=
E H E. s s H g H; s Q a H a E E. i H r H E;
nnAnAqqi$g=lA;ABtp11-S08o o () o (,r o o N 6 0 0 0 (,r o o - b b b
E=
777777r rt I D [ : r g 5 A : s 3 * s E]-Annrndn*nnAJnA() - J ?.ru (,r N - (, f 6 <,r -i -i J <a -i -i s
E.A A A A ,. - 6{(,(,AABB;t-;i$ggHtgSl*ttE EgEorNF;$;aiE*8ft.*g:HH-
E.
^ >EiesiTTr r i d * r : g q E g 3 3 E i& HtsJAAAnn!^aAAATAAr.l - a r N 5' a a .5' a O I -i -i J rO -i -i I
C
A A N A ^ . E=(,(,NAA33;ti=3$s*Htsll-ttH E*A.qBH:ril;EirfigH.Ee=;HJ
=3a3;77eee7s; i a ; I * S X : i $
=
E "E
C9-
AA^r. n ^^$lnn A An,1 *d o -A ru i5€B:;3 - =; i B 3 3 s g 3:: s: E e E; o -, i E e * i p;HH*NH- I a *; Ht
JAnAJrAnrAnnornnrC, r J r \l (, (I 4 N J O (, J - r O, J - (,
a$rgg ri I'sEEureEgss}si$i iH
eeEgis E. $ r:
d ?F o, ga riri' 9' -=igo.-;:ot_ o,66'g)
oi.-
gsgEEgE::sg:ErEgrg[=o
XrAAn5Z-ta (rJ(o>ao<)(,
z zz z , c? ?P P a= A E=*r E"=[ErrrirriIrrfirrr H.
gsgEEEg::E*=rrrgnsE=og 4-rn
d3-ru NJ(,>o(o(o5
=. 6=. 3 zz = F=6_AS A ?P x L',<IrilHrrrErrttrrsrrrHr
g5EEE Es r 5s $: r r 5 grg[:IP<.,r.az.oz-.jtuD-r(Jc^)a
Z Zz Z ?
C
E Ep E zz 3 E=Ir trIErrri=rEIr=[==rE*
E,$=*s ggtltgE::ag=rrrgrg[=
z zz z z ca 6e o == a E=!.r- A-AA---e ?? 5ir irI etiFtErElFFsrrrE-
qr;6 33 EgEEEgE::gnT:E:gTgE=
z zz z c
E ?? F a=. q E?
t r I I r r r i r r t I r r I r r r H*
=o
Eg gEEEg:EE*
=
:n:a n aU;
F frq a ee q g=
i r fi I r r r E r r i I r r fi r r r E"
z"zz)o)D
fiFFaF
z@zz)o)!
zorz2Dro)!
I
ZtPZZxTZ)oD>in>
P9(rnA|Xz--Zonrt>iDobb,
N)toZb,>9zztrDD
ErEiBBBBFiiiiiE
o
-e^=?FFF Ffrfrfr=?6^FFI=
>ooc)oooobboooo@
c
zzzzzr r E i E E E F i i i i E i B=
Jo
E_
_ F F frqaaaqfrafr F F i
=>oooc)ooooboooo@
C
z zzzz2
E r i s E i E E E E F i i E E=
- F F frafrafrafraaF F Fif B;;;;;;:;;;;; B-
c
z zzzzzzzzz===81F_EEEO6QFFE6663A1f1.1,^1lrr1III{o
zzzzzzzzzzzz=F=E99oooOOOEEo6z[1111a1IIIIII3i>oooooobbbbbb6.o
C
z zz zzzzzz===81Q - F E O E 6 g F Q E O E 6 3i1f4n1n1^. 111IIIo
zzZzzzzzzzzz=E=Ep9ooooOOOOOO_X^AIIXIXIxXXX6-Z S r i -i .j' -;, - - r r J - - lco>6ooooboobboobo
E-
z zzzzzq-8866 -,=P=PaaaF6E=1;n44^1141A14{,o
=€zzTzzzzzzlzz z BdEooooooooOOOE
-YXXXXXAnnnAnntE<N-+JrrJJ-rJrr(t
cElr
E=z zzzzzzzzzzzz!r!tII6,iilEIEEH*
APPENDIX B
Historical Groundwater Data
oou.q
N
P
g
@
99999899e99 gtt9P939eu*ug:d*usg* *EE[[&[[[
otsO6
qqsE$888
HHgHssss:;.;cirtGr
NI
oNt
=
3
oo
oI:
3 ssEqEEEtI t:*EEHs:: Bq$BBsEsE HE**ssEIg g B?SSBBB?BBBBBEEETIITIEI I gs*Hg*EgtHtxtttggigggi
; I ?$?9BqqgB?BBBEEEEEttsEI E THHgH*H**$H55H[1HEEHEHi ieeeese qH:f;:HFS S9H::i,?:i?ss?i.:::ii???s?qqEq??q??qe
3 :Hs",H*tH H*gIgt$l r*strssrrr*HEs* sssrrggggrHEggI*Egrt*
i i :sH:*HgltHHt!:i:E**llyll
iififiiEEEEEiEfiEggflEgEEgEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEfiEEEEEgEfif;Eg: = - _ :.: rd: ; ;- F Fateer?frHig::F:ss????????;e??s?e???eeeeEpssrrseeeeeel ! :HHHiH3EHH5*t!*r*sesE*r*rEEErugur*i**rggg*5TEIggI
i i[fi EEx*E:IEEiE"EEg[8fi ESiEIEEEEgEEEEEEEEIEEEE-gEEEEEEfi 83fi
I I XE IXg gI EI*Eig*[iIEEEE g E EEE EE* ggIgE EEEES* fi Ig'qgE[8fiEf gfl I
3 igEfi IEf,Efi gEEEEEEEgEEEEEEENEfr
EEgEIEEEIEEEEIEgiEEEEEEEEEgE* .ss9ss?sEi rrrrs*sEsIsEii"EEggEgEEgEEEEEIgEEEgEEiFEgEgigiEEErEEfi EEE
=.-Hi?s??e?F**i*eseiEEE
I
i5i*iiussi:si***ggEEEEE[[tEIEETEiEn;ilr5nt**giEE*[EEf IiIEI
i : [iiSgi ii fi I Siiisaiisiii liii33il3[ii$iiiiiii 3$i:3ii$]gd $
q8fl$E:8itilgg8 gpEggEsg€
oi
=
oi
=
Fi
i:
:I
=
t
1f,(J
i
iI
:!I
6Ir
ooooi9:qUUUUaoNo!N O@o;;j o
$sBsIII IJJ IJJ UIootsNStici=
sss?ulujuuo€€N:t-ryci-
?aa ?qS?:HH H$::;6q?s??s?er ?ss?HgH+HHH*-, USUS.i.i cilcirUG 88-a" oN dF
EqSq?S?er SSS?s:HStHHgH HUU!.i ci
???????se E$.quJ rll u u r! u u,,,, ,;, u uJ u*E**;g*o& EB 3
FO
qE.QuJU UOF Ooo Ni6! ;FNqqq?lBBar qq?F
:lsEIsBgE HHUIF F F j J -. -? I
??????ser $B;Bur qr u, u.l uJ ql u,1,,.,, uJ uJ r! u,l;3*I;e:*t HE"IN-
?q?????ee ss.?HHHH:H*HH ET H
q??E?? s ???aUEHUIIH * 9HSH-ooo-Q ;i PP-!rJ
?s??q? r E?sFSHHHSCT e HHUg-.i;;^i; i !3::
EqSSBS 8 qS'SSH9HHH * gH H6FCi€o; i $3 .
?E??S? e 9S??UUJUUJIJ.lIIJ ,." UUUU*E;*-. o $!::
888tttt5Eq"rti5$*t tEEiBsSgss: rts
ggEggEBgSgagFggESgESg
E$[3Nif, iilHf, fi TEHgHEFSSgiEiEPREEfi 3$SEgFEE
fi g3$EgBgggEEgSfi gfi ggEE
HEf, FFEEEEggSESFESBEFE
!gHH$$ft BB$3fi aggH3fi gggESEgif, $EEggEg ggEEE g
iE;E!!stsSr$s$E3rH$;qE83f, EEHgEBSAfi EEfi fi 3sE
iE:sf,rFf,$83fi Bfi[H33;F8tE8f,3fitEi3EEEEgsg3s
'3Ee9EiEE!gF!iiEEggEEEEEgEEEE:EgEEEFEEEEEI
I EEEEEEEEEESEgiiSEEHtEtEEHtEHEHSEEEEESSES
BEgt e-8.'
T
ilfil io3 I
=l*t:3Rr iE: 'iisr r38 t
;HAE i
PSas i8e 3!- ()
$Esa i
EEgg !g5" I
i:t8;:=' i
fEtt ! =:iii:ri::rrr
EEEg ,r:I::::::::-T:3E$"'
=EHEA ,::::T3::::-3-:3iq" I98 -o6
g$t t I:
r:::::::: r::: -
lBtt :t==3:i::3::r::-
IIEEEEIEEEEEEEEEgs
Et3o66
e88Rtt88NI0FOFOoooottNft-
EsEgEgESESSgSEiSSEESEEEEEESqATEE
gBBE;E3g3g5g;ggEgegEESEEEAEAgSAt
sHsgEgsqsH!ggeEggEgssEEaEegg;eEeEfi EE
EEHEfi iFEEggEEEEEEf, EgEgEf, ;EEFEF*gEEBg
F g:iiFEETEEEgTEEEgf, AEEfi gE8gifi Efi EE;BE
3 Fr$;f,gaEtE3;fifi;g8f,g8fif,gEgB8;8Bt E
E3E$A$gg3AAgfif,g*r;sfis8f,sfififi8f,sgBa E
3EEgE3ggfiE83ggg;89fifi889;fg3f;5ggBE $
EEgEEEE$EEgg!gEEgEggEgEE!!iE!EEEE E
SEgEgEggEtEEgs5393;gsiig$t3$tEIgtEgs
Io!
oN6
EEg3Eg33NNNOON'd
8888R8R8i€€its6Ora!!!€N!!N
E*EEpAs33ii335HgggEEgE3!E$Ifi $s*fi E
888
i
oI
O@(tsNF6tur?!ulqro6iaFFFFOFFE
8q{ttrE8ooootsdEE
(E:fPE-EFF. FOF N
33!:pppI-!Ig:qEeREqEE:rr8rFtsFtstsFto FFFTFFFFoFC'Gi otsNt
33383!333-333333iH333EEpEi
I TF T3 T $T : 3 T-E PT3 T II :TI I : : : : : E
33pr3I::E333EIE*3::333s-3::i
II:;F:3383i::P}T:FFTT:3:3;':
IrIIISIpI:I::3F:r:3II::::3ip
!EEqgxNsEESEE*86rR:38:888::8oOOEtstsFFCFOOO OdFF'--r'-xrts e
53:EIEEEE*83;E:3gE!3;:i3E:3;
p!-I: qI!!q E{P3E: ERsEe::r:::S3F 9FFFFtsF F FFFFtsts F
FqlFlqEE$ParIBtqEEslP::::::3tsFFFFFFFFtsF€ OFFFFts-ts F
E rq38::re38F 9ts ts tsoNts
qE88--EI:&853
O6€F Fts.FCitsCi
N?€toO(DO6l-Fts?OEli:.d3Ix!oto
8EtE8:ePSrErrOtststsF tsFOFtsFF
8frEq::AsIsFfr8OtsFF FOFtsFFts
883q-8Bl :F R€o F oNF o ts
O|DN-N(NGF6-NFO€tsO66OFOOijFddaiooocircidd-ci
qFqE:isqEePP:OtsCO €FFFFts
-3$t38B8E8E;:
FFtsFtsFFF6FE
o!@€tsoNolN669E F ;Cqrs;diF FF F
qi!Nc!q€tsF6oFF@FtsF;aiaiFatQt:!oF
.!!€Nq6!oOO€ts-ots xxrQxr qrsFF
:::q:"qii::s:::qEF O3 F FO
t?a!F-OOOOFO6OOO-F66FFFFFF;Fri?rrtdroo!
qootsN6O(OlOtioooto€otsoFFFFFFoF!!ooo!
N!r:N0FEOtsOFNO-6FOOtststsEtsFFtstsq Ff ii q6!F F FF
q!ooFo€oootsoogooaotsEtsFrrrrFFrilr9xrgr
oN@o606tsdi:ai FqNts
EEEEgEEEHEEIIiEHEEEEIEESSEEEgEgEE!EEEEEEISEIgIEEEiIggE;E;E$
a
9oo
oi
=
o'iI
FtI
6ia
iI
g 3;3 :-!3P-ts:;;3s::3S33:
-Jfo
i E*i ;*HE835iEE383e.i38;;:
r lPES;86r8$83P8333iE:833;i " t-U-iG--'--';:- ,id o dE
=
; lsEs:sq:reBEFRsEs:3:5s3II _ N o go _ o i,,i,
I
e th88;8338383883R689I6E;lSE$88SEEiS8r:ssrsE:
I " i 6 *il---';;- 6 ii ni,i:
,E8I3eE38r;3i8.53S55e9StXS;9EES$58r8CerI93ee g;t* .E V iT r . i;-I
eEps;8Bs8r8EBrr:r5r3r58FE8l8IISpp8!!s8r38Xss;:
I- - r a bA- ';- 6 ci 6o
nOO59(oU)9OO?(DOFoOts!Ots€o-.! -'- =: -; =.i - =; - - ?; -. ; -'- -;: R.3 - E:9::39: gi B: r 3 i 3; Et-
=
=3:R3R998:!9::9:S:99:S3:3e::i:::3ipR*3:::3P3::! - o- ii -:
EEEEEEEEEEEFEgEgEEEgiEEEEEIEiEHEEgEEEEgSFEEgE
FOFERPd':rj9o
FO60tBd.io6dso
OFnOt8.-s8cr!tso
gEd*
ooO-,a ci
ilOFNOFIOI3"
6?dci
60@6S89.
qi!FO
Nl6688d
FEao
N(OEF€6O63oo6N
cc?FO
oiilNR8!d
o6
ici
oooddoo?88dd
qci
ooo6ot;63S-.j8E
FO
--OGhistnJo?
aDodci
60E6GO6653oF;e8
Fci
ooF@EF.. Eoo E
,a ct
ediq€a(o o(oo
@NFFN
rlr:rr
.!qi
qoc? NooN
F€-Noclr?djFEFF ts
tsQN€O.!r€Eg
o€tsoFao 666
otsFOoci
onNF€o
it:F@
OFic?FN
o
BgFEEEB:gt r
oI
a69()o
oi
I
Gi
=
tsiI
6ir
!i:
Izflo
i:
is:
:I:
i E$egti$3!ESEgiE
t
rii3ilgE55ggH$E;EEE
=
rHtHiiEflE$EpFppEEEI
loo-ooo66NENO6d60!E53taa3;aI3g55tg€,,
=
_t38t8885ttPEpE886t---I
E!!!EEgEEEagEsss!ssggFggsEFESggHEgF€|€|c|OOO---ooO6oOo
EE
!GI
NOO666F€
88-ry
6FOl\9Yri
F
nFOoiEe's8
?
oooNN$"soodq
tso66
E 5'do6
d-
OOFd
88dq:;. *0006ooit8c!d
t€nor5*-
:
F66ENO
?oOFiciOF
ooaEIhr*ooN?
;d
F600IOftOItsoo
$!R:r&P
!oooiHs:o6
ddo-
ootsoffff"e88
ord
Is6od
.l
TE6'
NNO
3;t3*nr!
Ots€6Or6NN(NNNOdjd dtu
c?d!
ooooo
FF-!
E8r8F883
I
ttat+
BI.- ?oF r[B g..N- F F - ?6 6 Fo - F6 -!11.!:!A iOo _NNNoFF
co
Iir3888r;8t;$RE
q! o0 oFO.OO6OtsFO€OOO OO€ OO !Fo€ NOntso o 6iil-6 ;
5rrr33B3r3r3srHH8ee;fi ;;s;
pRRF&FEeeNP839=eP8R33R;FS:e;33
;;883333638r88E38r63Ehfi i6;3s;;;mfr
agBgtSS::;:Seoqennoo . 88S588
;;33388383E8;ssBBsssBtiff sre::EsIs
s33953388rs33339535e55:iS3fi383 s
8E8t858rrErsrpE835r638rEsrRE$A I
q!c!9-?NFNNNFoooFo?No(oo--!FFFoo o
gEi!EEE!SESsiSHi$EEIiIHI;EEEEI!g;
I
?
9oo
oi:
oI:
tsii
oi
=
I
=
tr
z)lo
T3:
!
T
=
:I:
ooo3 E$H3
=
,EgEgE
INNoNo
=
_8883r9F?ltsO
;NNtrr:
''EEEg3I ;FNN:
6000ftdN600-€ONN-t ---:
oooootrQ€AQ,Foo-8SS3S-oooo
soE
o
tsooooootOF
ON
oNoo
FE
NO6F
8I
o
6finr
onooESsl
.i r:
?o
F!FOiEx'88
(oo6@6:8 xON!qoo
ntsoFts!otsotso6
OF;qoo66t888O--lo6o66qoo
!oooOONNoo6!Q
NO60
oNo6FO66-Oor:
lo60tt-on98:
ioN6FO€6FINOoott
ot!@g8-.ooo!totEtR
88
E
iE
I@
99EEtBE NppNoFFF;58;338 ;;-oeooei
cBpplgts?l!
9E!EIg9i
esEflgt*g Hgo6N
Ifl f; EBgBSefr 3$iiSgsH;s3iHE
F33HEfi A3$$3Hfr is3Fr333siE
i q q go!o,!c?q o € oo o o 6 o ooots Noo99C---osicil F--drioiaiFFi
ONFOOOOO?Od;cfdiidr€aC;F dN 6E-
tstso(
:3R3fisssESEflr
88e3R988r88S3oioodoo6!N('oFt
Eq;8EE3E8;A;EHHfiil
{iFN
oollFolo6
TFgPSTITEgRF33HITRRHgSHgFHHX
HEH$H;8il333fr EE;h8ilf; ;H358ef HH
$eFiHE3g3$?8993$$a3g3ii€H3$!
P$[REEHH*IEE:H;ESTgRH*3HEE E
E33EfigBB;f;9$Ei
s3s3ilflE:H83E3ilEHs
FEpESFAFiFSE:rE;8Epg::BpgppEp:E33prp3tHFppEil :
g$qttrsB33q3!EsSSHgqr$*ilrIBsq8!il€$gEtf;$eEqr5 $
EEEgEEEE:E3HE::TiEEEEEEgpEESESEEEEEEEgE;iEEr E
EEgiigEIiHEgEIEi!EEEgEEgEEEE;g!;IIIIITI;HEEIEB
c
iiiiio6tsooooYYDYY..NPYYV
RE* FHEg;3TEi3HE EETH$Jg$REiliiigREHSENftS
NoN
5?SRo999FYvv
E;Hg;RFE
HFRiSRTE
EEHPEilBE
3E;SBggi$EIEEHgqq g$EE
3;9fi3r;;rHBg$g8B$9fifi;
: gBEEEg:Eg388g33gFEEqgAqgBBBfi EEgEiqEgHqfi ;EE
iEEE FSEEEEEEEEEgEEEEggEEEEEEEEEiEEgfi$EEEEE
I
BgggEEAEgE$g;9fi;8BEB
iTEEHHE*f, Fi:3Ffi RPRPEEFfi 3iE:9fl EEgEEEEE!E:gEBgETEEESfi EEEfi B:EE
3fi 3IIAifi ;$lEHFBf, if, BBEfi 8383A3fi f, E33E3sA3Efi ;83t;53fi g8Sff sils;Esfi
E$8qifl l*3giI;8*4fi Egfi [ Hfi afi *Btfi fi sfi fi 3fi 3fi fi gg8fi Bfi fi grEtBHfi sssdFn
HP$TTEH HTfliEIEEgEEH!gggg;:T3gBE:gg:f gggggsgB:;HE*BgHEgSEgg
!PE!IEEig$P:!EEEEEES gEgEEEEEEEgEEEPFPEEEEEE!EgEPEiePgE gEEEE
E E E E E E E E
g g g E E E H E E E E H i I E I I E E B ! S E E E B E
g
E E E S I E E S E E E S S 3 I E E S i $ I g g
NI
E
oI
=
39oo
o
55
oiI
EI:
6iI
iI
% 9533S IPSIBSSSRRNR*8:i S - !!!ts
=l(.)9 ISqEEEEFSIS:BTBESESSE
I S R & r r ii N N n i (i ii = ii i!.i i.i.i oi.i d
=! HgggggStfEtEEseBssEEEI an ci anci.i d. n F ii ai &ii it i,i & a c N N N N
== BSEEEB$R33BES8E5B};EHI ---r
r EEpgrggp:EEFtp:EEE!!EEEEiEiEE::E:!EEEEEI
TFETEEEHFEEEtEtEEEEgFEpHEEpf EFSEEAEIE grgEEI
rs:gEgfEgRS;Fggg3g3E3B$HHA$ Eg3:EiEgEEsE;;I
iTAEESEEflTEEE EEgEEEEEEEEEEEEEIEEEEAEEEEEE,
iREgHEESESEgggEEEEEE$gEtEtEBgpEFEE$EEEESgEI
EEiEEEEEEEEFEiggEEIiEEEgIiEEIEEEESgEEEEEE
660r
eB
@ri
ooo-tsoNooo60p8-'
ooooo
dEeR
N(DF
$Ben
&
=tR8OOFo600?ra ei66ON
8888
atq6E66
o!ol
66-6
ooo'!
oNoo6NO6
Stsa60tsts
E$99B6t-o6oo
RE88iIe6
6
EBgg
sS?6N6
gTf,g
O(D?tci!38
F88t39raFO88:98858-8F9ooo6
60DOtsN€O
;c!R8
(r<o?tsE
ooNO
ii
e
Ta
6883:e8888898889
683=88883t858888
otoNooNoNO-66doNN(NNNNNN
EETEEEEgo!ooiooo
P5ePt888F€OO(DF60?FFN
iEEEE!EI
8883r9 Psr&ngr r
FpB88S IOIOO6- 6too666 6
38tR88 IOFOFO6ooNood 6
::65tP PNONNON N
gFSS$gFE
BEBSEE:E
tE
gH'R 38E g
$Hs; i-E
=D(OO!$83 ot5-- I
Siss i
IEPE eiI-' Iiies :l:-* ip* I
oF o dri = I :J'o fiN 3iEtq e EBP-- ' YHs =
o
X'ggS s E:t-* I 5irri > oio u::-*BNEB = E:3 - r 5
Hp I o
lf'P rsEEEsEtggggggE g
8-
iiu= rEsggsgggggEgEg E
t$an iEEsgsEggEgEgggESSgEHd r o (
rE** ;EssgsgggggggggggssE
Etss igsBEsgEEgBEggggEgsEg; 30 c
f e f EEEEEEEEEEESEEgSSsE
8Elo
NI
t
88:88r88oFoFlftoo
38p8;3r96E5FR8ERFeEp:[;te;s;$:;
3:Pi:::EEsgEr ggEgEgEETEEEEE ggEE
EgEEEEg!EEEEEE!EgEEEgEEEgEE!!
--OOO6ooFO?lflFOoo!l?lri6
i6OgOol-otstsoN666oo€tts66iNANNNN&d
fi EE:iEfi ff $i*T$THEfi :Eg:FT$f iHSi
RRPiEiiEEgSiFEFHF::Ffi HISFIIEE
f, REgESSEEif; fl i$f; EI$*f, P:IsIf, 3*ir:
EEEEE885$EaEEEigEEE g:stEtEEssas
3:3:AITIsEEHEEEEEEEEEEEEE:ETg
Afi E3333ii$i8$HBFE$EgSHEHgBHH$
fi SEEEEEESEsS;HgiE$IIgIIgESilEEEB
9;-tr=oRtSVV 66r!or
ESEHil$E$U$EESEU;EgE$EEPEEilsgg
o
6
Ic
I
=
o3
3
a
oo666ggEgE
octooc
oo60cEEEsEe9Yocooo
6000?EEEsEooo
8388;o ooc
oooooggggE
ociocrc
3
oo
oi
=
oiI
FiI
0iI
i
=
52f,o
oi
=
:I
=
:I
=
sggBSEEEBE!io oo oooo
rgBEEgEggglo oo oooo
rg:gEggggglo oo oooo
6€(tsrO@oi335sst=g,ioo
i5!BgEgggg!lo oo oooo
OFOo
EEqso8-o
g"Eg
o oo
g"Eg
o oo
B"gE0 c'0
gilEE
!(oi5Eo'odoooo
EHgq
E 3'-oo
tsOOF858SNNO:gE.-
ct ci
1666gIg-o5ooDo6
teqg88-dcioNon
6F 6
88oooooo
PgEEE8o-
€oo6
Hfigq83"-o
Hil83oEo:88-cro
oooNgilqs
88-co
60o6r88:58d-to
<r !!ai.6 tl)rH
5358855598ociciocioociqC00
gEgE
gggg
383! E
ssEgssgsggEgEggg
ssgggEEgEggSEEgS
E E E E.E SEEgEE:E:EEEEtEES;338; ; ; ;oo o;ooooooooociciEcrc,Bcicroci
E E g sgg ggg
g g E sss sEs:sssgBsgEsgsEgsggE
g g g Ess sg:s"sEEsEsEEgEEEEggg
g 3 g EEB gBEsssgEgg:g!gEBEsEgg
3 3 ! sEs sgsEssEgsssggg!sEsgE
gggEgggggssEssEE:ssssg ggggsggs!3EE
gEggggggEsEsEgsssEEsEggEESSEgsgsEE
gEE gE gE ggEEssEsg:ssssgsEgSSEggEgEg
EEEEtTEE6666EQi>>B:e::e>aats--c
ESEE:ESSESEEgEEEEE!EEgEEEEEEE!EgSEEEESEgSSEiESEEg!
3
oo
ot
=
o
I5I
FI:
6Ir
:I
=
G.
2flo
oir
i5
=
:Is
=
-g6,lrglq@FoqO OOFOOOOOOOIt
r:r:!qeFooo0oT(,OOOOOOOoO-II
@O?NP988Etroooto
ONOFO6-FIFOOoNoio6ivd8-
o
ooooE EEo oo
Nloo
gHEs
oo
=888O66-O-Oact3<j-6c,
6FOl
iN60(oo:E8o-o9o
ON6E
ESgq
5 5'-oci
nFooEpgsOFiqqoo
l€OF
lN o88 ct8Eoo
FIOOoo ogE ci
OYo
ooo688 t88 o8do
NtsOO8888oFo:88-crdoooFooo6OFOi
3 E'-oci
ESgE@NO:tE"-c, ci
=885r88:5go-oo:3z
UJ
IIJ6
5EEBE5EE33ctcicictciciciciqqoo
OO-o
3558oo
oooo88t8d€,cic,
oooo oqqqq Eeooo
Eg EEEEgEESgg::g
EggEc3sssE33sEsB
g g 3 gggggsEsEEEeEs3Es3E3sgEB
E gg ggEssgs
E g g BsggEs:s"sEgsiEEssgssggEg
E EE gEgsEggg"sEgE:esE:ssEgEsE
3 EE SEgEsEgs"SggsEsE:sEEsEE:g
3 g E gEgEsg'gg=EgEeegssEsgEgg
EEEgggEglgEggsgEgsE:EsEs:EsgEE:sEEsss5i
ggEgEggEgggsggEgggBEsEsEEgs3EEss:B:s=:5
gEsBgggggEggggeggssssssEsEEsees333EsEgs
g$EgEEEESEEgHEEBgEEEEgFE!E!SSEg$II53$EgE
FOOF@OO@@@Oo cici-cio-cici-;I:
-it:q,:qqqNN6F OOOOOOO (otI
qt:elqir.!i9c?.?
N?FOFFO-FF?NII
gOOoooF--FF
*:EEEEEEEEEEEiEBt89::58868
ooee
oola
o600BE .i
qo
5P Fi60oS
@o
aooo'ob
ci9fidoolo53-d
.,i 36;
oFoo!g .i
Nfl:o 3o
otsol;8 r'tq
ooooERo*-3
!o
60NON,NicdF
agNQOOtoSooo ciIoo
ONNo9;ciI
=
OoFo3 -_dI
o600F -;o
T
(ooloFtoo;oo.i ;ctdt
=
OOOOOOFO:<t oo ;cjciI:
>!oooootso
5- ci ociz
=l(,
i
=
OF€OOlts6
:oi.i? ;ooI
=
OF9OOFoo:dct .ictciII
.!qiooq..!o
6-('O F-otI
iqrllqc!q-NFN-?N-OII
aoocloq!q6-? N -FOI
I
.1.!goq!eo
I((- -oNo
I
Eq9q-qqop (FOII
--d{aae-. QQQQEQQQ
iaSEeEEg5g
oooo<r5 o
oN
cto!oNo6;il
tsci
RSoc66og
!o8ro:FilFqo
oooN
crEotci
hto6E! ;o6o$!o
oool
o
EEEEoooo
oo00o666crctdd
OO?OOdNOFOo oo o
!qc?\oooo
\q.!toooo
€no!F!-oNoo -oNo000000000 0 0
q\.! c? i! I q q.! !._r N FF o 0 0 oo o o o o o d <i c, ci ci ci ci c, <i ci ct €i c,
!NFF-FNOINNciciociocicicieicici
qq.!Q c!.!.!aq.!Q.!o ?oO Fo Fo -nNOO--€oo-ooooooooo o o ooo
.!-q-?-r:!qeq9r:r!!-r-O O-OOOOOocio Fri-NNiFoootN!o(otsooooooooo od-oci-doo
oGno8;odoil
ooooo3$oo
6
ooionoo :!'o
:cio
88dc,88F6
ci ct
@ooor6
6ts
c, c,
@FOO6N
.! .!oo
OOF?!!c;
E(.!o
oFoo88 ci
ooo6
ci cioooo8S -
ci ci
?60?t3 ;lo
8Sci ci
E 8'e83
o!o6
5H F
olOPo;oo00gE rt
83(oooo
o
I
oFoo 0oooo o
trc?OOoOOnoOooNNooo o o ---ciciooo
oNFNlotsOtsN60cio;ciocicicicicici
F-NO(!N60060NONo o ci o o o ci ci ci ci ci = c, ci c,o
liNlQipc?od?99 66o(-oioNotsoroOOlNioo 5.p-oo oct ooocic,cidctcicicicido6=oddo
-.!- -6!i ! i O.! i O oo o NoNooooooooo cio o Ecr;oc,
!F-nONOOn?ci ci; ei <i: c, ct o
qqqtq!q-aqaa-!oootsooNi6fl NNFoNOtiooNNoo-o-o oooo;-clooooodocccioocio66C55J
Nq AqqF q rlq -O€noONNNaNo No !o FNOOa -o oo Fts -Fo;oFo oooo oooooooooocjcjci-ocicj-o-
q9 ! qo !r? ?qqno !NOoO0 p - O NN( - ! tNOFo?o- --oooooo ooo-oooooooci cjoocjCjcicj oo Ed-
B E E E
g
E I H E E E E E B i E E B E
g
E E f; E S E E
g
$ I I E E E
g !
:F'3 3T3oo
oio?F; e ociP i:f
6000:E - i:t
dool
E; ci tsIB
l60E:s ? e-I I.fo*93 ci I83 !8E Ioo
6-o=oj3!'3 !FIEE
-Io-Bts r,i N8R !sr aooEi': =8l !de g,
oo
FOOO 606gP * !!q Foo
o€oi 6N-gP oi tEg Eoci
O?OO oO^3P - ogE ;o;
OFOO oo-3e - NHg !oo -cio
FOOF OOFgE ' I85 ioo
66C3.=aiEAYts6C
o.
qr:.?oOO FO F OOOo O FOooflooo o oo(i
-O6!OOOgFOOOOOONONoflo o o ct cioci
o
o
o
o
c?q iqq qqr?qQnqqio.t i ia i-q rqoo o ? o o oo o o o o d ca - ci Ci o o o ct - ct ci d
a\qqqqn qq6!q ! Foo -o o - - FioooCOOC,OgOc,o--F o O ooOOffO O
q!!aQQ9o96o -o6ooFoNtsFoooNoOOOO-OOOOO- - OoOOOoo O
!qqI!oo!€ts-{.9oO!!oOOOFoo-oOooo-oOoo-- ci odCi ci -ct
!Oq€OOO6O-FF-ONON{-F-aONFOoOoooOOo-;ci-Oo d?OOoO dO
3
oo
oi
=
oI
=
E
i
oi
=
iIt
t
2
=,o
i:
I
=
I:
{'l60II
aaoIt
oOI:
qNOI:
!eOtI
O-qooOOFoc2oo o o
OOFo
(ooooo
oo!oo
\o.!qio.!qoooonNNf ooo oo oooo
oooooooooNooNo{qo ooo
!qOOqOOFOOOoNtOoF(Noo o o cioo odcioi.!oo?oNo66660cjciqqCdo66
-OoF-rnOOo-dcicicidci€i io
:o9!nnooolo oq.t!oo6!oioooocoo!NNo oooo o ocici o ci ooo
ON6!?F-NOO(Dp OONOOOfl OOOOoOO(,OoNNci;etcjcj; -c, -cj---aj----ij----;;;
9O9aOooOoOOOoooOiN(o o o cicio
O?FOiO:OOooOOoo o o
OiqEOOO-NOOOOOiOOOoNooo oo ci o-
ooN.ro
?o(oF- ooci
EE E E E E E E E E
g i B 3 E g E E I H E EE I I B i E E $ E I E E E ! S E; g
$ I !I $ E E !
o8o
og
o
8o
6g
o
ts@€Ioo
@tsqo
Eo
tsq
(.
co
@6
ts
oo
8qo
aqo
qo
qo
68o
g SBBEBESBgg
i gggr
lor gsgg
lo
: EEii EtB!! EE'o ecici
r 3 EggEgEg333333333.E o ooE;oooooocioooo
* ==sgEggEEEssEEr:s:s:I ooo
: E335"8ttEEE9333333333! ---oo=qooooooogooot oo
I 339899t8883333333333
I . oo;Eooooooooooo
i ggggEggEEEgE:rE:EE:s
I ooo
I ggEg:ggEBgEs:rrrs:::
33Ht8EHrg33oooooSo-
HSSgsgEHBgEoooooq6-
ssssEEBEigs
gsSgggssggB
3 EttEEsEg33333 3-ooESod-ocicioo o
3 :35Ei3s3ggr:s
E
t :ssEEEg333333 3o ---SESoc,cioocict o
t g!388s8333333 3o -ooE:odoooctcic, o
I
I
I
@66?E5g3lIoci ciEStt3:_qdctB-oosc88g88dciSooci
NNOO8fl93crBdoo
N666838398dqqoo
F€66p8g3
tso:qcooo660looo8!8doliqqoo
6FOOI3g3o{:qcio
FOOO!:9 3iicioo
F6003Ig3olctoci6600
5Hg3F€^
oooci
N600O-OO5;8 doRooo
oooof;pg3
6iqogr88!;8 ooo:oS-
ci
SBsqEEEEgooooxo
sgsgooo
gSss
g3s3
g 55g5gqci ciotcio-
sgssEEEEEgE
3
oo
o
I:
o
i
t3
t€!o
6
i
i5
:
I
I3
I
g Bsg
; c,oc,
o
3 iSEgggs
s sEEEEsg
3 SsgEggE
s EEEEgSs
I
i
I
=
II
- o ooooE g g gE
3 d o ci o
oo@o ooooi tEsa r srB oooo o oo
oooo ooooi tEgE g gE
I ocioc, o oo
oooo ooooi sErs r sEI ocioc, ci oci
oooo ooooi EtsE s sB3 oooo o oo
oooo ooooi stsS 3 Es3 cicrcj€j o cro
o oooo! e BtEt o o oo
o ooooi g s ss3 o ci cio
o ooooi r r rr
= o o oo
o oooo! 3 B sr: o ci cio
I ur E E E !SE i3 $ r$l E E $5 gESs
i,,EEEEESS$E$g
ooo6-s383iQ{s(ao r I S 6I
otsod@oo3
€oo
6!O?
!g-@
ci
ooo6Silo-iN't
o
OOON
lov
Rp
o
lNoo3p d
tsoq
FNOOFts:Ooov
Nts.!9
ON
PO@NoF^o
OFEB@N
oooNol @oo
o(o@C,N
OFON
@638e;o?
F€O6
8&
ONN6@t
-OOF@t ooF
E6
o!ooFO O$ti
o
o€ots
ND-Eoi
tslO-oo NdsN!
6t
66
o
a?o
a ttgg'gE a9 OOOO oO =I
I
I
o
I
:
;
t -8 E"gB rI ' o oo 5
= Ung3g'gg ;; ;;;;; E5 i; t3339'tt :
I ooooo oo I
: ETBEB'3B N
3 ;;;;; ;; i
; 33393'3t =I oocco oo I, tBggB'EgI 33333 33 I
r 3 3'33I3 333 I
o 3 t'ggi 3 333 i
o E B"gBI 3 3 33 i
= 3 t"ggI " . o6 I
FON66OOOItso cro cici
tsoio-oci
fl60o.?Fc,
ooNo-ooci
q -qqooiQQ-P (,oO -NO
858t9r5Ft3h3-
83EeS3S3r3t3-
FtsNe'!FOOOO6O-f Nc-NN FFFOci
NTOONOOOOlOOF
FOFOOOilOOONO?d-o
ON-OOOoFF-o;
oPt;.893-
i?FO?-?O-N€ON-NCi
OOOOO?tFF Q!
EOEEo oo
T8:8d-8ci
'EE ? EEEEPEEEE g! ocic,cis)crctoo d Eo:
66688ci ct
s35si$::
o
ggggg"gg
gttBg'93
ocic,cici ctci
3t398"39cictcioct cici
Etgg3"3g€, c, ci c, ci ct ci
Eo
"93
EgE ig" E
t33 icao
EE=iggE ieao
EEs ieBo
3E', r
Eg= I
E5= I
Egt I
tt8g3" ici
3 E'3to o oo
g 3'ttc, ci ci ci
t g'ggo o oo
t B't3o o o0
9soo@-:
o9osi,r EE E!ilu,EEEEsssgEE$lHlu; EEEI
lodi
3ooooo:R O'S !qt
OIOFFEd.i €;$ ilEE.I o.!S o !-5 Io
NOONnt! ..i ooI iEIo
oo60qg d ropl sdto
gB qi q
88
=ci- dFOOoEO J 69eR: rea foo
9E .i !'R !tsa\5o
NOOE88 o 588 !ri sOF
oNoo58 efF T
El"' I8i;;i;gg"' i ;3
TE 3
FiOO N(o?N(
== d o 0oooFH : ==::
E!"" ; EiE;'
oooooo
i EEEE;BE
qo
O6OOO-OO€Ncrcici <iod
qo!ooo
ctdd
\o.:ooo
oqq.!ryqooqqqOFOOO Foo
o.!.!.!.!noofq.,! ooe-ooo0 ?-F o
oqOilir!OrOoo oooo N (
OPOOO6?O0-tsci€roc,ocici; ai
ocl:\oqo.!r:oeo-ooFOO N (f? F OO
-t:9q\.?e-qF:?oqoQOOO?(O€,OO OOo
o o q c?qo c q q N q a! N F o o o (D oooF o? oo6- ooo
o oo o n q..l a q o! or! o N o - o o oO ooOO-ti o c, r-cjo
!1,:!iErqeorlFoo oooOOOOOOFOO-O- O ooo
O ! ( l('o O t O OO - O O O O O O O o o N I o O O ? O - -O q O e i o O N ? O (! (! O- c,cicic,dri ci6,ici c, ; €i ;-;dij:--;;
No ! ioao a a 6O(I q c, ? O.! q a! O O c! 9 nOO OOO F€F COO0-a(!OO6ONtOOOOOciciciaici.i ; .i;o oo
o l o t ? 6 o o o o o q g a r: 6! ! ! ! o o q c? o o o o F o o e I - - o o o ? o N F o o-qOO-oCO -O O p €}ci;; oOO ;e;c;
o ( o 6 6 0-o .! o o { la c, (! o - - ? O o o N O O t O q i c! O o !a F (o O o ? O O 6 o O?o oci dci €i dd;-;6oi-----n66
o o o 'i l i rt I o N o o o o q E o o o al a! n : r: o o o N o ? ! F c, O !' O O !t O ? F O ON ONnoO O OOO OF -OO--OO
EEEEFEiEEEEgEIEHEESIEEgEE$EHEEE!EIHIEIIEEEgE
FOOON?L-
uEsEiSai
sqqqtEss
NFF6FF!ooo6066
Bq:Ei:3BE'6IOB
E5:EiqqCtESEE6ET gERTE
FE9F9 gEEEEEEEFEEEEgEE
g!IEPEEEEEEIEEEEEEEgg
*3*iE' i [= tiEpE-*iiiiEi
NoiltsEFFts
E:gAtg E :: EggiiEEEEEEEEEEEEEEpiEEE;3EEEE338;sE
'*'nEE E a= EEEgEIEiEESEgTEEHEEEEgEEEEEEEEEEEE;E
-!- sE E sIpssi; EInnlE g i EEE,!sgEgi:E!SEiEiiEEEE;EEEiEEEEieee;;iiiiii 3q'!'i ; ' EitaB;$Eg;;iaii;;3t3;iBir;;;3;i339;Es:; ;:s;iE;iiiaE':;g gg$*':g;$ri;gg3g;gai$$gtBig53EIEBEEBEii[;iI
Fo
EE:::3:Et=EiE:=gEg=grg5gEE=:i:ii:i:iiEiEi3EiEigiiEi:;3EiEEe
r:EIIEiituf ==gl-E*9fi !fl
fl [tEt*EE=iIi[*=EEEEEE[[:FEFIETlEEEEET
EEEESSE:EEIIEHEEEE!HE$I33IEEB3EEE!EgEEESEE!EE!Ei;H3EHg3$g$E
qe8i8
a
iB
iRB EON L6o -Ei3
loPQil-o(-!o NCC'!ri.aarJri.t- q8859989955 e8- r8
;stgElts=t g988-S=ttBt =8rB
rfifiEH*EHH5rfi;I;;fifi*fi;frHE3
r; :EiEli I Et888E
H'EnEd ; fr; ;;;HH;fr;;Hn;H;;
.;HHHfifrfifrfrdf;HfiHt;fiHHHHfiHfiHTH
-fi;;HfiHfifif;;;;*;;;;;;;uBE;fiHnH;
6B555EBEr:FFF5:F Fph8E8 E D frlae3;Br8p98r;:o$fifi8fiil8fifi4fifififif;r fi;rfifrH n n fifinfrfififi8fifififififir-fi;;;;;il;;;;;H;$;;Hgrrg;;;Hl;i*;;;r;;;;;;;
-*ififififififrfifififififififiHfi;fifig;fifi;fiHfigilH;$HHEEFHrHr;
.ifiH;til;;f;ilH;;n;ilfiilil$*$*ilfi8;r*f**;;il;ilt*H*il;f
llEEirs!3EgEE33E;!!lEi$IEEE!!EEglEllEs;ESEBEEEE
iOoNtsFFFOooiodid6!QNi!-9999t8ttt8
FO€tNO@666oa^^l:ffo66-EEgsEgsss
N-FON?OOooEttEBelsss9-O-,F
oooNood eesrefr!s E
FFtsF'OO Oricicici!Qr! ei€oooggg 6
FOOts!FC Oi-Faooo d
=--E888 e
tsoooodN 6ctririou!!q 6tsFFFO6n 5tststs E
gEEPFgETE!
EEBE$EE:EE
NII
o
N!
=
I
o
q^
<?
o9iEB
=E
!FFO! NIFOfr! N-?E!i o! o sF:e _ st_o 88o u=c IHpEg$g EEIBI RTE iEE FHBSSSF ::3SI 3pN'I HHBHSEH H:gETE3:
> og 588888E335 gPoS
a N N-F- - OO NE a 8E,? .c do" :6
!OOOOFOON6TNN FaN-o tsc){!o66€{)ooFot o-6iF oooooooooooNo ?iRoI n ;EAN
€ONNFON!OF666 -6-6: $5938e83599ts9 8J8*I ; 35E3 o 33
€{too!tNoooFo 666Nr ;3s888;E3S;39 8gp8I E TEp3 * 39: B5HB5E:H3H;93 8hg3I a 3:' - HT
ONiO('NON(DNFOO FFoop ss588SFE3EEp5 38pSI s si:
" i $g3a3iff3E HESSI r ;it
! u HHxisEnErlii=
! oooo!otso@ o€?oi s ;;t;R;Js3 JsPII ; sE 3
I E88Ps88EB =I*=i a NNNN(NNN(i N6(NE * fr8 Eo
OOOO-ROOOOI--i -sts3s33ER33SB!"t::!:S:EEEIEB-..t
@OOOOF66r:I!nd9.!qqo('o€Fooo€@660EEEo6606666ooo oooo
ooooNoo6olFFoooft6ridri..idcid8S888S8ts66666660
EiqisPs tEqrSIn*33 i33
8PN8S:tEt5:Et5883Et95N53$8:$83?EE6EaaarEEit6Ett6EtEEaEE;;;aesi3;3 3 3 3 3 I3 08 3 3 EE 3 t3 t 3 3;3;;;;;;i
PsEqqSEgP::rE85t=88PPg55t3e3BR8
EEES6SESEE gSSS6SEBEEEEEEEEEEEEE33t3388;83638;38833t33t;;;;;lt;
tt
E8q3rr8eE333{qiepsq?raBEa6iQsEq
aEBHHEfr aafi EEfi AggEfiHAfi gEHfi fr E6Afl A
88REBsE8r3eF:8:eep;p3gBE888e:8:
fi fi Efi fi E*EnEEinBEBfi Bnf, fi f, f, fi fi fi f, f, siH
;;;;;;,;;;;;8888:58ese8s35Rr383
EEf Ef, fr Efi fi AgAAS'fi fi fi
'EEAfr
fr EEfl EAA'
g q 5 3 E =3 5 8 B t: P ?:3I iE 5 F E E B h 5 3 5 3
fififififi3AfiAAfififiAAf,fi8fr8fi$$fiAf,fifi t
; E: i i i:::::::::::: P::::::::: :" 3 3 E E Et tt;;8 E 3 E3 S 3 3 3 3 3 E 3 3 3 E 3 ;
i-?qiqiii!iF;!33:E3688reEP8qE n
fiflfifififififi8fi$nfiflsflflflfifififififlfiflflfi fl
iii::IISXXIlnXFif:I::I:iiiEi IEFF F ts FLtsFF ts E ts F tsE Etsts tiF F FF ri .irair! i.BBBgBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBUEgrtr' g
sSEEEEEEBE;gSSESiiIHISESEEEiEE;
aG
,o
I
E
i
5
t
=
3sIoo
aoajt c;
=()o
tgBBE'ggocicicici cic,ggggS"gg
ggSgg'gg
cicrcicici cid
gtgtg'tt
ooooo oo
gBggt'gg
ocicicici cictEtggg'gEocicioo cici
gTBEg'EE
ciciocio ocitEtBg'Egocictcro cici
g g'93
o o oo
qq qqoo oo Cq ooOO oci
E E'Ego o ocit
=o
o
i
i
t
E
:I
E
I
i E ESEESBl EEEs8 co= 3i!3 lggsE '' o: EqgE gEssI =' oi sssc BEBgi 3 ssEsBgsEEEE
E t oooot
oa
i sssEEEgsEis gEEs
i ssssgggssss EEBs
i sssEgsggEse !il:
i Ss:sgEggsss EHgs
I sEEsgESggEs gEgg
r s sssEgssEESs
r s Essssssgist
i E ssssEssEggs
i E :sEsgssEEEs
Eur EEEExiSEE$g
'.
o
oooNNOO:oI
o
6FOFEP8o
o6eot
c,
ooodN89dFoe.J
o
ooo€IEooto
O6DE
"8--
ci
d cici
o
-sBgglec<c
.!o.!.!o oo
!'E g
o oo
t'8 3o oo
qoqc!o oo
r.!rQoooY o
FOFociQdq
(i-!!oooY
9q9aoooo
tnr:c!oooo ttEtS'gBooooo oo
o oooot I 88ci o oorI
BSEgg'39ctd<ictci crci
g t"53c, ci ci ci
; E g"gg
g 3 g"gg
; 3 g"gg
E'g to oo
3'g to o0
3o
tci
I
I
i
.,IoBuTEEEE!ur EEE!
g't 3o oo
OOFF6OoOoFOOOOdci--.i ; ooSP .i;s
Eo
?ONFOF?NFNfl NN
3
oo
o
i
oi
F
I
iI(.)
6
Ii
i
I
l
I
r,B
i3
I
=
i
o600000
oooooooe ao- -e
I t tott t : go{iE
I --BB;3B*
1
3:33T-
: 8833!838 : 33333.i EtI "' I
i **33;338 r 33333.I "' !
: 88333338 : 3333?.I "' I
- tt33Cq3t qoqqqoI -'ii"- I ""'
. I totll q qoII'i
- I tott q qoIT'!
ar g gott - : 3oII
- t totg - 3 3olt
SorEEI! IEEEEESE
qqqqqoqq
itt!i li
I 80gg
qqqqqoqqlalal i!t
ooooooooariri ia
QqqqqoQQil!!t !!
aqqeqoQqrt?la!a il
qra
F ONNOOO€O6tsci diicidaq9rt.,t!
FI:
O@e;€NOAOO?N666ONO!FINOTPNNSF6
N€N(D.!n€o6F
oQr!ts{)o€Ntsotoo6F!!ooNO6€!tu(.F-a\.o FNFOF6nqNF!F
o!!o€ooo6Noao6-ooiNNNNOAN-3tsN+
608H;oo
-tsOOOOOlOi6?F6-N FF ..:9 N
;ENiFO
N€OOOFOOF!O?FOOo??F -.:3.-
F?o?.aqrte essreo**i3"*
€(
€ rOnO?ONOOFoo oceoo..3g..
I
-OOOONooooo NNN6 OONS 1.,
aII
oodor6oloo?NFci-orc,HdN
I
ci
90qqr? ltt
qoqq
q qoqqI r ll
q qoqq? ? tl
ilt,EEE!"gBggsgEHgE$stEilSS$BEUEUoo
o6!
6
: EgN_Sc.coo ci
iI
oi
=
3
(Jo
oi
o
I
I
:c!(.)
o
I
!
I
I
I
I
I
I
5?88Ee;Efis
3;gFEEgg
6ntsOO?6N-lO-Oiao!!!!l!+N
EgHHgSsE
OFN-O66o6-OONOOIOOEdolllililia
Fl60@ts66EEOFOOOFO6oNll!o!16i66
OIINtsOF'N6€OFFO666?6lsoo6l6a66
tslONNOFO-OFNO!ilftON60o?ll!!iill
tstsOOOts@O-6FOOO66ts-66o!larata6a
g EEEEES E"gg
: BE33 g'gB
I o; o oo
i S3gc E"Eg
i Ei33 E'BB
=
o; c co
g gEEgEss E"E3
! ggEBgss g"Eg
i gEEg5ss E"3g
i BgEg3ss E"gg
i SEgg3ss E"Eg
I SEEggss E"gg
r EEggEgg g"3B
E oooo; o oo
i E38EE33 E"EEg oooo; o oo
i SEBgEgg g"gE
=
oooo; o oo
i HBggEgg g"gg
!i oooo; o oo
ferEEgfilll
qoqq
qqqqqoqqtlf !l lt
qqqoqoqql!!!l ?l
qqqqqoqql!!li !!
qqqqqoqQIt?aa tl
I 808t
ooooo600oooid!c?doat6l
80tt
80t8
80tt
tott
Ito
o
i
I
!
I
I
oqqqqoqql!!!! tl
qq
qq
qe
l!
cq
qq
qq
oaoo6600oodo!c!do3:
oooooooo@ooo!c?dio33
ooao6600oodd!qao3:
oooo6600ood.d!{)dOTI
OOFOOOots-@g3:9I'B*Bg
oNo€ooooo6-ooooNNo60
oNooNtsoo€o_ NOi6rO0066I -'
=
NNOOOOi!16Ee.333BSgE*gB
iEEE:EEEFTBEBo-
Iqoqq? tt?
qoqq
oooo oi i: d oII
I
I:
qq
otq
! orHHH$588$
t
I
qql!II
Eee EEEE
3
isr EEE!
qoqq
g 8EE E533 EEEsrIo r:3HE5I; =l*:i-(s
o E!858:8{8. t*st
i
I FgEEPRFE g'EEI3
I RFSPReESiE RrPsIFoa
: EiEPggEEEq ErEsi -- -g--tt
: EEEEEEEEEE ESEEI-=t ei
F?o!OOoE6!: RNFN&FNR88 RT'Rt-;$a,NO!oOFD-OOF O6N6
= -Fo!!FoNi- tsc -r
=IT
NOOOOFFNIo !!oeoo;..i3 ging
I - oo ga:
- SBPPPPFTSS S3P8t -- -E--ti
I firflflir3ii3 HgEff
fo
I PEttBt;si5 EfitPiE
- 38t88s:BEil glrsl"E=:
ie,HIEIEI$glE g
66-€cl 6l ,i rJFO
oNo:8Rd-o6.!Qoo
o60F.!!;ci
8r1d8t
oooodgrs
ootsot:qEilFOrr
qlll:(oooto €?oFi(id.iF;d -;-
i I C ! 9.1 a o q.!.t ! N o o o F F or1?oNoo Noooo N OO
C!9.!n o O F € N P F oFoONOtsF
E .E.!: d dcidnrt dcid66
;
Nd
o(o
FOI?6Fttoooci
I
=
oI
=
F5c,Ioo
O
i
o
i
FOOO'-OO.i--.id-o
iq.qlFFtsENEo660
FOOOo 06
nooo88-.;ci9
6d
0e'-FiEe=:R
o
!fi:r
o
DOoFN!qgj!UP.:.t
o
f;ff"sd8
6i
ootso!gt3fi
€,
s-Foi3E:eBo
noodIireir3
6?ttto
E5=s.i9
o
AONO!fre;
Eoct
EI
aEI
Nlqr:qNF-fltoo6lo-ooo99r-!No-ooooooooooo
N q.,l O O O N o ! ! ! 6 O a o Ooo F-=ooooF-OFFFOOOOFFF
q!?r: iqt Nr € o OFo N oFO F !g n! ! d i r - - o -.i.i c,i - - - f c,i*
FQFOO!!OOOOPNO6o?*o6 Fqo ;dd dro!roctdrrrl-3
FOOOPTOF-OOOO-lOO NI E99==::-.-o-9999 =s
I iiIisH:FFxRils:;x i
ootso
F{
O€OFNE666lc,iia;
ooFoF606ig":
o60-il@-lEa6it3c!I
OF0@ts6i6ePd-!Hoo
nFOoBE:P-H
c,
5E"
o
ooFo9FB3ijB
I
oo66r838i'i I
o
o@oNNON6:6--o
r!ro€otsoN-o!!OO6O 6r. -!-GioNo?d-ooeicioo cjI -r -
=
F(?ilONO!FFOeF!-oa
- \9aiad di ridotdo-d ot"I
! er B : $ g $i I 3l E fi 3 E I g g !B E