DSHW-2024-008172

CORPOfrANON
RCRA FACILITY INVESTIGATION - PHASE I WORKPLA}'I
VOLITME TWO
PROJECT MANAGEMENT PI,AN
DATA COLTfrCTTON AUALTTT ASSURANCE PI*AN
DATA MANAGEMENT PIA,N
HEALTH AND SAFEIY PIAN
April 1993
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TTIIOKOL CORPOMTION
RCRA FACILITY IIYVESTIGATION
TASK I
PHASE I PROJECT MANAGEMENT PI./N
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1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INIRODUCTTON1.1 BACKGROT]ND1.2 FACILIIYBACKGROT'ND
IECEMCAL APPROACH
GENERAL SIRAIEtrY F{)R RELEASE II\FI{ESTIGATION3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 PHASED STRATEGY FOR RELEASE IN1IESTIGATIONS
IEIOKOL'S PROFOSED II\TVESTIGATION PROCESS FOR PEASE I4.I GENERAL APPROACH4.2 PIHSE I
4.2.L
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.4
Developing Monitoring Procedures
Planning Initial Sampling Activities
Conducting Initial Monitoring Ptrase
Evaluating and Reporting Results
4.3
5.1
5.2
SIIBSEQIIENT SAI\{PLING WTilIIN PIHSE I
MAI\IAGEIVIENIT APPROACH
SCHEDT]LE
BTIDGET
PROJECT PERSOI\I\TEL
TABLES
TABLE I RCRA Facility Investigation Compliance Schedule
TABLE 2 firiokol RCRA Facility Investigation Budget
FIGI]RES
FIGITRE 1 firiokol Waste ltfianagement and Environmental Servioes Organizational Chart
1.0
L.2
1.1
INTRODUCTION
As required by theResource Consewation and Recorrery Act ECRA) and Module Seven
of the Post€losurc Permit issued to Thiokol Corporation by the Division of Solid and
Ilazardous Wasto (DSI{W), this Project Itrlanagement Plan has been prepared to outlinc
the methods by which Thiokol Corporation will conduct Task I, Phase I activities of the
RCRA Facility Investigation at is Northem Utatt based qrerations at Promontory, Utah.
This Project Management Plan will present the overall approach to be taken in
conducting this investigation.
BACKGROTJND
This Pnoject lt[anagement Plan rcpresents one of four elements of the RFI Workplan
requirements. the rcmaining elements arE as follows: the Data Collection Quality
Assurance Plan, The Daa lfianagement Plan, and the Health and Safety Plan. Each of
these plans have an integral part to present a deailed description of all investigatory
activities that will be performed in the RCRA Facility Investigation.
FACIIJTY BACKGROUND
The Thiokol facility enoompasses four se,parate major planB on 19,378 acrEls. Ttesc
plantr are designated as the Administration and }Ianufacturing Arca (Space), Air Force
Plant 78 (Strategic), Test Area and the High Performance mogettant Development Area
ehnt m).
Most areas at the Thiokol facility perform qrerations relating to the manufacturing of
rocket motors. These qrcrations include case winding, mixing, casting, and curing of
prqellants, and the testing of both raw materials and finishd products.
In the summer of 1990, The State of Utah Bureau of Solid and Ilazadous Wastc
conducted a RCRA Facility Assessment (RFA) of the firiokol hcility to determine the
existence or likelihood of a release from the solid waste management units (SWMUs).
Visual Site Ihspoctions were made of all known SWMUs, but no sampling was
conductcd.
Onn Sep,tember 1990, The Bureau of Solid and Ilazardous Waste issued thc RFA report
of the Thiokol facility. The RFA report summ,arizes the environmental rists for each of
each of the soEd waste man4gement units and recommends those units which require
additional investigation. lhis additional information is expected to be obtained through
the spcond phase of the Corrective Action Process, the RCRA Facility Investigation.
o
2.0
3.0
TECEMCAL APPROACE
Tlrc objoctivc of Ptrasc I of the RFI will be to inyestigarc those SWMUs which havc been
prioritizcd ba$d m their actual orpotential tk€at to human hcalth urd thc environmeirt,
and whqe a release of hazardous waste or hazadous waste constituent(s) has not been
documented.
Detailed investigation activities at these sites will follow the plans prepared specifically
for each sitc, and included in Volumc Four of the RFI.
At the conclusion of investigatim activities in Phasc I, whcn the ficld work has bcen
accomplistrcd and the laboratory analyses have been reoeivod, ltiobl will prwide a
report descibing the sampling activities, thc frndings, and rccommendations regarding
funrc activitiec for the sites.
GEhIER,AL SIR,AIEGY FOR RELEASE IIYVESTIGATION
INTRODUCTION
Any investigation of arelease from a solid waste management unit requires rnarious t,1les
of information. This information is specific to the waste managed, unit type, design, and
qrcration, the environment surrounding the unit or facility, and the medium to which
contamination is being released. Although each medium will require specific daa and
methodologies to investigate a release, a general strategy for this investigation includes:
o Collection and review of data to be used in dweloping a conceptual model
of the release that can be used to plan and dorelop monitoring procedures.
Ihese datr may include existing information on thc facility/unit or related
monitoring data, data which can be gathercd from outsidc sources of
information on parameters affecting the releasc, or the gBttt€ring of new
information through such mechanisms as asial photography or naste
characterization.
. Formulation and implementation of field investigations, sampling and
analysis, and/or monitoring procedures designd to verify suspec"ted
releases, and to evaluate the nature, extcnt, and ratc of migration of
'terified releases.
3.1.
2
3.2
4.0
4.L
PHASED STRATEGY FOR RELEASE IN1IESTIGATIONS
Thc poEntially brmd spectrum of situations that may exist at the beginning of ttre sirc
investigatim calls for a flexible, phased approach for the release investigation, beginning
with an evaluation of existing data and collecting additional data as nooessary. From
such dala, a conceptual model of the release can be formulated in order to derrelop a
program capable of release verification and/or characterization.
Thiokol will conduct the RFI in phases, with each phase buitding on the findings and
conclusions of the previous phase. The phased approach is an acce,ptod metlrod for
release investigations at RCRA facilitias, and leads to a complete clnracterization and
assessment against health, envircnmental and risk based criteria.
TEIOKOL'S PROFOSED IIWESTIGATION PROCESS FOR PtrASE I
GENERAL APPROACH
lhiokol Corporation's Post Closure Permit specifres the terms and conditions for
conducting the RCRA Facility Investigation at solid waste man4gement units. ltiokol
will conduct the investigation at the wastewater discharge sites in accordance with thc
requirements of this permit. Module VII of the aforementioned pefinit contains a
deailed description of the terms and conditions for conducting the investigation.
The initid environmental media receptor for neady any release from a solid waste
management unit is the soil. Tlrerefore, Thiokol's inidal investigation efforB under
Phase I, Task I, of the RCRA Facility Investigation will concentrate on verifrcation of
a release of hazardous waste or tnzardous waste constituent(s) of concern and indicators
in the soil.
The potential for inter-media transfer of contaminants from the soil may bc significant
from solid waste man4gement units. Conaminated soil can be a source of contamination
to ground water. Thiokol recognizes ttris porcntid for inter-media transport and will
expand the investigation as neoessary through subsequent monitoring in Phase II of the
RFI.
lhis phased agnoach, beginning with a soils investigation and adding other phases to
exlnnd and evaluate other media as neoessary, is the prefened mctttod becausc it:
o Leads to verification of conamination in a specific medium;
o Allows identification of site.s which could influence each other;
4.2
o
PHASE I
hflaximizes resources by eliminating unneeessary monitoring;
Allows the use of existing ground water monitoring wells;
The preliminary hsk for any site investigation is to revierv existing site information ttrat
might help to define the nature and magnitude of any releasc. Sourres of information
for useful data may include the following:
. The RCRA Facility Assessment Report. This report summarizes the
findings by the regulatory agency on all units at the firiokol facility
whether they are known or suspoctod of causing a rclease to the
environment.
o Facility rocords and files. This information may include data from past
monitoring activities and other analyucal results. Design and construction
information may also be useful to prwide background information on
prccesses discharging to theenvironmentas well as documentation forany
prooess changes at the site.
o Facitity Permit applications may include descriptions of the wastcs being
managed at the facility, descriptions of the units releramt to the pennit,
descriptions of the general environment wittrin and surrounding the
facility, and design and operating information.
o Constnrction P€rmits
Environmental or other studies conduct€d
o Interviews wittr facility personnel
o .Environmental audit reports
these pot€ntial sourpas of information will be consulted where applicable o collect and
rwiery cxisting information on the wastes being discharged, thc specific unit discharging
the waste, and the environmental setting for the site.
Upon rwiew of ttre existing data, it should become apparent where additional information
will be required for full verification of a release.
4
4.2.L
4.2.2
Dweloping Monitoring Procedures
Aftcr a thuough review of the existing data for each of the sites, thc constituents
of concenr and parameters to be monitored have been selectod.
lhiokol has proposod constituents and parameters for monitoring in Phase I bas€d
on knowledge of the Fmesses generating the nraste, as well as the composition
of the wastes known or suspected to have bem managed at the site. Whse
analy[cal daa is available from past sampling activities, constituents wetp chosen
based on concentrations present when compared to regulatory lwels or
background. In the case of the industrial wastewater discharges, these
constitue,nts rc,present those which were foundinprwious sampling of theeffluent
to exceed relevant regulatory, health and risk based standads as well as
background critsia. Additional constituents of ooncem may be added when they
serye as indicaton of other chemicals.
Analytical data obtained from past sampling has allowed firiokol to rcf,rnc thc
number of constituents for routine analysis to those which arc frequently detocted
at a given waste management site. firiokol will use these constituents as ths
constituents of concern for the initial verification of a release in Phase I. Whco
these constituents are detected at lerrels statistically above background andlor
regulatory standards, an expanded scrEen for additional analytcs may be
warranted in a subsequent phase of the RFI.
Planning Initial Sampling Activities
Where sampling is deemed necessary to obtain additional information for releasc
verification, the initial investigation activities will generally consist of a sueening
study in which sampling will be confined to a limited numbcr of surface or
subsurface samples. Based on the results of this initial investigation (Plrase D,
an additional, morc detailed soil and possible multi-media investigation rnay b
warranted (Phase tr). firis study would require more samples and would glre,
great€r emphasis on subsurface sampling in order to fully characterize the
surficial and vertical extent of the soil contamimtion. Such a phasod appoach
is usually the most cost-effective sampling method since areas of conccrn are
identifrd in the early ptnses and then arc targeted for additiomal sampling.
The major types of sampling situations likely to be encountered during Plmse I
investigations activities are identified as follows:
o Both small and large areas where contamination is in the surface layers
o Both small and large arcas where contaminatiqr has moved down ino the
4.2.3
4.2.4
soil profrle
. l,lrpilizrd areas whse oontamination in the surface layen
o Ioralizrd areas wherc lrluroe of contamination is below the surface at
some depth
firese situations have been Aken into consideration in the preparation of ttre
sampling plans for each site. In addition, facton such as the length of time the
site has been contaminated, the type of polluhnt, Efpe of soil, and present and
past uses of the area have dso been considered in selecting the sampling strategy.
Conducting Initial Monitoring Phase
Upon approval of the workplans by the regulatory agmcy, Thiokol will
oommenoe the work of collecting the initial samples and othq appropriate freld
data for analysis of selocted constituents and parameters.
Procedures for collecting samples, sample locations, obaining of field blanks and
background data, sampling equipment, sampling technique, sampledocumentatim
and analytical parameters are specified wittrin the sampling plans with a general
discussion in the Data Collection Quality Assurance Plan. Thiokol has and will
continue to rerriew guidance on compound-specific requirements for sampling and
sample preservation and incorporate these into amended sampling plans.
All analytical work will be performed by statc certified laboratories using EPA
prctocols and analytical procedures and accepted QA/QC practices.
Evaluating and Reporting Results
After anatyhcal data is received from the laboratory, firiokol will comparc the
results to relevant regulatory, health and risk based shndards as well as the
backgrbund. Classical statistical techniques will be used to ctraractsize
oontaminant concentrations and for comparison to bac*grcund data. fhesc
tcchniques arc described and discussed in detail in the Data Collection aua[ty
Assurancc Plan.
fhiokofwitl report the sampling results and notify the regulatory 4gcncy of any
situations which may warant interim corrective measures.
6
4.3
5.0
5.1
SITBSEQUE}IT SAII{PLING WITIIIN PIIASE I (AS NECESSARY)
Dcpcrding on the outcome of the initiat rcl€ase verification effort, subsequent
sampling may be neoessary for full release verification in Phase I. fip frndings
of thc initial sampling will dictate the objectives of any later sampling.
Subsequent monitoring may include the expansion of the investigation for furths
soil stratigraphic and hydrologic sampling. This expansion may includc the
following:
o Expanding the number of sampling locations to a wider area and/or depttt,
or increasing sampling density where data arp sparse;
o Addition or deletion of specific monitoring constituents or indicator
parameters;
o Sampling in areas of interest based on prcrrious sampling to confrrm thc
suspec'ted ext€nt of the release; and
o Dweloping a monitoringprogram to determine thenahue, extent, and raE
of migration of contaminant releses to ground wats.
Evaluation and reporting of results from all subsequent ptnses will parallel
procedures outlined in Section 4.1.4.
MAI\TAGEIVIEhTT APPROACE
SCHEDT'LE
firiokol int€nds to comply with the RCRA Facility Investigation Compliance
Schedule as described in the Post-Closure Permitfor tlu M-136 Liquid Tlunnal
Tteanunt Areos (LTTA'st. September 1992. A copy of ttris schedulc is includod
as Table 1.
llrose SWMUs requiring similar sampling activities will be scheduled such that
a single-contract can be awarded.
BI]DGET
Cost estimate.s for each of the SWMUs to be investigatod during Ptuse I of the
5.2
6.0
RFI arc summarized in Table2.
PROJECT PERSONNEL
Whenerrs lnssible, Thiokol's Envircnmental saff will conduct all activities
pertaining to the RCRA Facility Investigation. Contractors rnay be used to
sulrylement ltiokol's effort in ords to complete the projects in a timdy manner.
TheEnvironmental saff includes engineers and scientists trained and qualified to
conduct this invastigation. Figure 1 illustrates personnel who may be involved
with spocific tasks of this investigation. Selection of staff will be based on
technical skill, availability and rchedule of investigation events.
If contractors are used in the RFI, Thiokol will require that they are fully trained
and qudified to perform the work. This will apply to drilling, @fu9, laboratory
work, and all other suplnrt work.
Contractors will be required to provide Thiokol prmf of cstifications, haining,
Quatity Assurance/Quality Contol Plans and oths documents prwiding
verification of their qualifrcation to perform work for Thiokol.
Wittrin 30 days of issuance of a contract o prwide senrices, firiokol will pryidc
to the Oe,partment of Environmental auatty the names of selected @nEactors,
an outline of the services they will provide, and a summary of their qualifications.
t
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Ttiotol Cotpqrdo
f.ffi,,,,,,
I*HT#
TABLE ONIE
RCRA FACIUIY M COMPIIANCE SCHEDTILE
FOR SOLID WASTE 1I{ANAGEII{ED{T INITS ($rUUs)
RFI ACTIVITY DI'E DATE
Submit RFI-Draft Phase One Workplan Within tldrty (30) days of
SWHUs-no releasc the effective datc
of this permit.
Submit Draft RFl-ptrase tr Task tr and Itr Within sixty (60) days of the
effective datc
of this p€rtrrit.
Submit Final Task I Phasc otrc Workplan Within ninety (90) days of
the effcctive
Initiate RE[-phase tr Gask tr and UI)
Activities
Subrnit Task fV Draft report
Subrnit Task ry Final and Surnmary Rqorts
-
Progress Re,pors on Tasks I through ry
date of this permit.
wi&in sixty (60)
days of the Exccutive
Secrctary's approval of the
Task tr and Itr workplan
and schedule.
As qpccified in the
Executive Secrehry
approved RE[-Phasc tr
Gask trand UD wor$Ian
and schcdule.
As spccifid in the
Exegutive Sccrctary
approved RE[-Phasc II
Gasktr and E) wukptan
and schcdule.
Semi-annual, beginning 180
calendar days aftcr the
effectivc date of ttris lrrmit.
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L'HIOKOL CORPOMNON
RCRA FACILITY II\'VESTIGATION
TASK I
PIIASE lz DAM COLIECTION QUALITY
ASSUMNCE PIAIN
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
CONTENIS
INTROIXISIION
OLIECIIVE
DATA COLLECTION SlRATtsGY
3.1 DATA QUALXTY OBIECTTVES
3.1.1 Acaracy
3.1.2 Prrocision
3.1.3 Completeness
3.1.4 Rcpresenativeness3.2 SAI{PLING QUALTTY ASST RANCE
3.2.L Duplicates
3.2.2 Rinse Field Blanls
3.2.3 Backgrcund Samples
SAI}IU.,ING SECTION4.1 TYPES OF SAMPLING SITUATIONS
4.1.1 Arcas Clnractsized by Shallow Contaminant Dqositim
4.1.2 Arcas Characterized by Dccpcr ConAminant Dqosition
4.1.3 Loralizrd Arcas of Surfacc Contamination
4.1.4 Loralizrd Ar€as Characterized by Deepcr Contaminant
Penetration4.2 ESTABLISHING SAIUPLING GRIDS4.3 SEIECTION OF NT'MBERS OF SAIUPLES
4.3.1 Allowable Ir,Iargin of Error
4.3.2 Coefficicnt of Variation
4.3.4 Confidencc Levd
4.3.5 Procision4.4 SELECTING APPROPRTATE SAI{PLING IOCATIONS, DEprHS,
AI.ID METIIODS4.5 MEDIA TO BE SAIT,IPLED4.6 PARAMEXERS TO BE MEAST]REI)4.7 IYPES OF SAT{PLES AIVD NT]MBER OF SAIT{PLES4.8 MEAST,RES TO PREVENT CONTAIT{INATION OF SAII{PLINO
EQIIIPMETiIT AI{D CROSS CONTAI{INATION BETTVEEIII
SAI',0!$[G POINTS4.9 DOCT'IIEI\ITING FIELD SAI\{PLING OPERATTOT{S AND
PROCEDT'RES
4.9.1 Sanple Botfle Itbels
4.9.2 Sampling Point Locations
4.9.3 Field Iog Book
4.10 SELECTING APPROPRIATE SAI\{PIE CONTAINERII4.II SAI\{PLE PRESERVATION
4.12 SAIT,TPLE VOLT,MES
4.I3 SAMPTE IIOLDING TIMES
4.t4 ffiYFORT{S' 4.15 IABORATORY WORK REQT EST
4.16 SAX{PIING PIATIIS
5.0 FTELD M AND OTERA'rING TROCEDI,NESI
5.I SELECTING APPROPRHTE EIELD MEASTJREMEI{T
IOCATIONS, DEPIIIS, Ef,C.5.2 DOCT'MENTING FIELD MEAST'REIT,IET{TS ATiID PROCEDI'RES
5.2.1 Sampling Point Locations
5.2.2 Ficld Iog Book5.3 GROT'ND WATER SAI\{PLING5.4 SOIL AI{D SEDIMENT SAI\,IPLING
6.0 SAIVIPI.E AT{ALYS$ SECTION6.I I.ABORATORYSELEETION6.2 DEf,ERMINATION OF AIVALYS$ PARAMEIERII6.3 AIVALYTICALMEIIIODS6.4 LABORATORY QUALIIY ASST RANCE
7.0 FIELD ITWESTIGATION PERSONNEL
t.O EYALUATION AND T'SE OF ANALruCAL REST,IJTTI8.1 STATISTICAL PROCEDTTRE 18.2 STATISTICAL PROCEDIJRB 28.3 STATISTICAL PROCEDIJRE 38.4 STATISTICAL PROCEDT]RB 4
Appendix A: Forms
Appendix B: Watrr Sampling Prooedurc
Appendix C: Soil Sampling ltfiethods
Appendix D: Quality Control Plan for Environmcntal UOorarery
Appendix E: Statistical Comparison Tchniques
1.0
2.0
3.0
3.1
ITIURODUCTION
Thc prposc of this DaA Collection Quality Assurance PIan will bc to dcscribc
thp ncthods under which lhiokol Corporation and any outsidc contractors
sdcctcd to a$ist, will conduct the invcstigations at designatcd solid wastc
managemcot units duing Phase I of Thiokol's RCBA Facility Invcstigation
(RFr).
This Quality Assurance/auafity ConEol Plan reprcsats the procedures o
ensurE that all information, datr, and decisions resulting from thc RFI arp
technically sound and properly documented.
OBJECTTVE
Tte objectives of this document are: (l) to id€otify p(opcr sampliag cquipmcat
and tehniques to cn$ue reprcseirtativc samplcs are tabr for characGization,
and (2) to describes thc mettrods of documenation and analysir which will bo
usod during investigation activiti$ for thc RFI.
DATA COLI;ECTION SIRAIEGY
DATA QUALXTY OBTECTTVES
Data ollectd dudng Thiokol's RFI will be usod fu comparison b
background datr and also O health and envitonmental critcria to dctrrudnc
whetlrer some futurc action may be necessary at indiyidrd solid nastc
managemat units; thercfore, stringent QA/QC methods and produrcs will bc
uscd to cmurr that analytical data collectcd during thc intestigatim will bc of
sufficient qnality to sugnrt decisions regarding fuure actims.
Tlre following Data Quality Objectives arp statrmcots of thc quality of dan
which.will be nsded to support spocifrc decisions in thc REI:
Accurasy
Obtaining samplc values which closcly rcprcscnt cxisting sitr valucr will bc thc
primary objectfue of sarrpling activities. Accuracy is oontro[Gd pimarily by
the laboratory. Standards and spiked samples witl bc uscd to assc$ erd
oonbol the accuracy of results as well as the comparability of thc E$rlE.
Sampling accuracy is usudly achieved by using a fotm of random saqiling.
3.1.1
3.L.2
3.1.3
3.L.4
ltiobl may u$ jtrdgpcoal sampling for initial monitoring for rdcasc
verificatim, and random sampling tcchniques for subsoquent phases or those
siEr wherc unlytical cxists c thc risk for a rplcasc is pcrceivod highcr.
taUoratory anatytrcal accuacy is addressod in thiokol's Ornlity Assumncc
Pnor for nu morutory Scnyilrrs Oeparment wtrich is includcd as a part of
ilris Data Collection aua[ty Assurancc Plan.
Prccisim
Sampling precision will be achiev€d by uting an appropriatc numbcr of
samples and by maximizing thc physical size (weight or volumc) of the
samples. In addition to grcatcr ptrcision, inceasing the number c sizc of
samples will also have the effect of increasing sampling accurasy.
Analytical precision is addressed in thiokol's Owllty Assrttwtcc Pbr tor Tlu
Labomtory Seruiccs Delnrmwt which is included as a part of this lhra
Collection aua[ty Assurance Plan.
Complaeness
Completeness has tpfsence to thc amount of usablc date obtainod frcm a
sampling activity when compared to thc datr cxpected from sampling undcr
normal conditions. Completeness will be achiwed during nFI activitics by
ensuring that all personnd involvod undershd and are capablc of perfoming
their speific hsls, ttrat QA/QC mea$res are implemcntcd at each phase, and
that all mahods and procedures are adhered to.
neeresentadvenesg
neercscnatvencss €xprcsses thc degre to whie,h dalr accuratcly and prociscly
rcpmr€nt a chamctcdstic of a population, paramster vadations * e sampliqg
point, e prooess conditim, or an environmental condidm. ncprescahd'vml
criEria will be satisficd by propcrly scleting sampling lmtior, cosrint that
an adequatc number of sampling poinB arp c,hosco, and t"Ling inb ammt thc
environmental conditions which exist at thc timc of sampling.
sAldPLrNG QUALXTY ASST RANCE
Sampling enon may bc introducod duing an investigation ftom sampb
3.2
colloction tcchniqrcs, handling, transportation, and pre,paration of tlrc samplcs
for shipmcnt to the laboratory. Thiokol will implement a field QA/QC
sampling pmgram to mitigate sampling erors. Ihis program will consist of
@llocdng quality assuranoe samples to acaess thc precision of samplc
oollectiolr, handling, transportation procedures, and laboratory analyucal
methods.
Tlre number of QA/QC samples needed will follow the guidelines published by
thc U.S. EPA, €t af, and the trcommcnded frequcncics arc idcntifiod wi&in
each specific sampling ptan. Morp than one SWMU may be classificd as a
sirc when Oetennining the number of QA/QC samples ti, be hllen if ttrcy aro in
closc proximity to each other and/or the sampling stratcgies are essantially the
!nme. QA/QC sample locations will bc choscn by random design.
The tpcs of QA/QC samples and guidelincs used in detemftring thc grye and
number to bc taken at each sitc are discussed below.
3.2.1 Duplicarcs
Duplicate samples are two samples collected simulEneously into s€Earatc
containcrs from the same sampling location under identical condidmt.
Duplicatcs provide an estimate of the overall procision of saurplc ollcction,
field sarryle preparation, and laboratory analysis.
During Phase I sampling activities, ltiokol will oolloct a minimum of 5X c 1
sample per sitc, which evs is gr€ats, as duplicatcs fc sampling QA/QQ
pu{Poses.
3.2.2 Rinsc Field Blants
Rinse field blanb are usod to detsmine if fretd equipmcot cleaning war
adequatc. the sample is prcparod by pouring deionizod wat€r ovcr ttc
sanpling dwice after it has been decontaminarcd. Thc analysir $rantifcr thc
ctru associatcd with equipmeot deconanination, containcrs, tbc fidd
covircnmcnt, cross"conbninatioo, and laborabry analfi!.
Phase l-sampling will include 57o or one samplc pcr siE, whic,h evcr ir
grcrts,-rinse field blanh for sampling QA/QC purposcr.
t U.s. EPA So11 Sanpling Quallty Assurance Ueerra Gulde, Uarch1989; The Hazardous Wagte Consultant, Novenber/Deceuber L992,
. after lrtcCoy and Assoclates, Inc.
3,2.3
3.2.4
Bac$lotrnd Samplcs
naOgrcund samples indicarc thc conccnEation and types of oqrtrminalrts
whid are naturally prcs€nt in thc environment or that contamination found at
thc sirc are causod by other soutros3.
A minimum of nro soil background samples will be oollected fiom an arra
known c bcliwed to be free of conamination at cach sitc. ftc bac$round
samplcs arc to bc collatcd from strata which correseqr& to strata within thc
area of oonoetn.
Extcnsive rcil sampling of thc lhiobl ficility has eEblishcd a dafa basc for
naturally occurring constitucng. This datr basc consi*s of bac$round
samplcs usod in the closure of various RCRA facilitics at Thiobl. Thiobl
proposcs to use the following DSIIW approved Closutc Plan data as a
background data base:
T-29 Hydrazine Burning Area
M-zU Shot Pond
M-136 Drum Storage Area
M-39, M-114, M-508, M-636 Phoographic lVaste Discnargs Sitsl
With the exce,ption of the last referenced closurc ph, ilrG Uaclqpud dalr fc
the closutp plans havc been prerriously submittrd to tho DSIIW. Datr fur
photog;raphic waste discharge sites wil be submittcd in latc Spring, 1993.
The bactground datr base which will be used and apcodod dndtry thc RFI it
summarizpd in Tablc 1. The analytical resulB of baclryround samplcs rakrrr
duing Plnse I sampling will bc addcd to thir data base to pryvidc dE ryccific
data. Analyticat datr obtained from Phasc I investigation activitict will bc
compared to this datr base for evaluatim of cmtaninatim abo,c Uaclgrund
lelrels.
Spibd Samples
Sarrplcr containing known amounB of spocifrc chcmical onstitlcotr will bG
submified b the laboratory for analysis to trx[ thc apprcpriarcocsl and rwvrr
efficioryies of specific uralyucal m€thods within tb actnl samplc maEioct.
Tlrc number of spiked samples to be submittcd dudng Phasc I of tbc RFI will
be equivalent to l% of thc total numbcr of samples to bc collccbd durint
Phase I, with no specified numbcr fc cach sie samplod.
4
SAME,ING SESTION
Vcrifrcatim that a relcase to thc environment has oosured from a solid naste
qana$mcot unit requires that thc altalyucat results prorride an accuratc
cstimatim of thc naturc of the entire arta undcr consideration. An important
objctivc in any sampling prcgram is to obtain thc most accuratc data possible
whilc minimizing the associatod @sB. ottc metttod to accomplish tttis gel is
to usc satistically valid sampling stratcgies. llre following setiotts outline thc
t,"ca of snatistical dcsigns which Itiolol will utilize in thc RFI.
To eosutp that samples collectcd will pruvidc hrgh quatity and represailative
data, ltiokol will incorporate into individud sia sampling plans aeeroeriaE
sampling produres which will meet the objectives of the investigation.
Considcration will be given to factors which wil aid in choosing thc best
sampling methodologies. These factors may includc thc following:
Physical and chemical properties of the medium to be sampled;
Constituents to be analyzed for;
Possible interf at the sitc; and
Time and spatial considerations.
Specifrc techniques, numbc of samples, QA/QC spocific samplcs, ard
equipment o be used in sampling, arc dcscribod in dctail in cach of thc
investigation plans. In general, all soil samples arp to be colloc'tod usirtg
manual or mechanized soil coring equipment that has becn dmnaminatcd
f,rith carcful washing initially and betwen each ore.
TYPES OF SAIUPLING SITUATIONS
The major typcs of sampling situations likely to be eocountctpd during Ph.s I
investilatim actiyities arc idcntifiod as follows:
Both small and largc areas wherc contemination fu in thc nrrfrr
layers
Both smal ud large areas wheflc oontaminatim has movcd dowo
into the soil profrle
Imlized areas wherp contrmination is in thc surfae layerr
-
5
o l,orp,lizrd arcas whcrc sourpe of cqrtamination is below thc surfacc
at some deput
4.1.1 Arcas Clnraoerized by Shallow Contaminant Deposition
Ar€as ctraracterized by shallow contaminant deposition rcprcscnt rclid waste
managcmant unit sites wherc any releasc is cxpoctd b bc primarily on the
surfte. Thc contaminants may have migrated into ttrc soil up to one or two
feet but tcnd to be locatcd only in thc surface laycrs of thc soil.
Ttiobl will use a stratifred sampling dcsign at tlrosc sites which arp
charrctsizd by this type of situ,ation.
4.1.2 Arcas Characterized by Deeper Contaminant Dcposition
Arcas charactcrized by deeper contaminant dc,positiur arc similar b thoce in
4.L l wifi the exception of the dqth of conaminant migration. Tte sourccr
of this type of sitc are such that it is expectcd that thc oontaminans could
move into thc soil profile to a considerablc d4th.
A stratifred random sampling desigr will be utilized at thosc sit$ characErizcd
by this type of situation.
4.1.3 Lor:rlizrd Arcas of Surface Contamination
Lorzrlizril areas of surface contamination arc gencrally cluras'terized by somc
obsmmble indicator of contamination near thc sorupe.
Simple random or judgrnental sampling desips will bc utilizpd dudng Pha$ I
of the RFI for release verification at ftese sitt3.
:
4.1.4 l,orrrlizrd Arcas Characterizrd by Deepcr Contaminant Pcoctntim
TIrcse areas arr similar in charac'teristics to thosc in setim 4.1.3 exoqt ttret
thc contamination has migfatcd to grcata dspths.
A stratifred random sampling desigr will bc utilized at sitrs fiaing thi!
description.
6
O 4.2 EsTABrJsHrNc sAL{rLING GRIDS
At thoso sircs whcrc the sampling design calls for a sampling grid to be
establishcd orrer the area of conoern, the grid int€ryal stra[ be esablishod by
onc of thc following equations:
l. For small areas (<0.25 acs.) the grid intcwal (GD = (Nr)tnl2
2. For medium arEas (<3.0 acs.) ttre gdd intcn/al (GI) = (Nr)tnl4
3. For large areas (>3.0 acs.) thc grid intcrwl (GD - (Nz}nlGL
Where: GL : length of arca to bc g[iddd
A = arra to be gddded (sq. ft.)
GI = grid intennl
To simplifr this application, a chart basod on an avcrage sizc rangc of sitcs
has bccn devcloped.
SIIE, ACREAGE SO. E:EET GRID ITflERVAL
0.001 - 0.25 43 - 10,890 5 - 30 ft.
(snall)
0.25 - 3.00 10,890 - 130,680 15 - 60 fr
(medium)
3.0 and grcat€r 130,6E0 + 30 ft. +
After ttrc glid intcryel is calculatcd, thc grid is superimpocod on I mal, of thc
area of oonoern. TtrG gtid is adjusted to maximize sampling covcrag,c urd for
unusudly slrapd arcas.
4,3 SELEETION OF NT'MBERS OF SAT{PLES
ffre gaierat strategy for demnrining thc minimum numbcr of samplcr to be
tabn at sitcs using a random gdd sarnpling dcsign is docmincd by thc
following equation:
. n = t*(cvfid
4.3.L
4.3.2
4.3.4
4.3.5
wherc:
CV = coetfrcicnt of uriation, exprcssod as a peroent or
ftaction.
p = dlowable margin of ertor, exprEssd as a percent or
fraction.
t = two taitd t-value at an a lwel of significance and (n-l)
degrees of freedom obtained ftom standard strtistical hbles.
fire size of the area of eoncern may dso be considercd whcn sclocting thc
number of sampler to be coUect€d. krge arcas may u/arrant additional
samples, whseas small localized areas may warrant fewer samples.
Allowable Ivlargin of Ertor
Ttrc dlowable margin of error is the percenQgc error that thc sampling team is
willing to allow. It fu calculated by dividing the precision by thc samplo
mean. According to l\flason (1983), a2O% rnargin of crmr is not
unreasonable for soil studies. Phase I sampling actiyidcs will usc 2O% as tb
acceptable margin of error.
CoefEcient of Variation
fire coefiEcient of rrariation is calculatod as thc sandard dc,viation of a samplc
popnlation dividd by the mean. According to lfason (1983), t 65lo
coefEcient of variation is "not out of tine with data from a numbcr of soil
studies.' Phase I sampling activitie.s will assume thc 65% coefEcimt of
variation as a sarting nalue.
Confrdence Level
IIre confidcnoe lwel expresseg the probability that thc answcr obtaiocd i! thc
cotrpct onc. Ttriokol will genoally use a 95% confidcocc lcvcl whm dcting
t-valuca from standard statistical tablg.
H,ecisidrl
Procision cnpresses how close individual daa agre b mc anothcr. Fc Phasc
I investigation wotrk, lhiokol will us a20% mhrc fu prccisim in ficld
sampling activities. At thc 2O% lorcl, the sampling dcsign should psoyidc
4,4
results which art within 20% of the tnre mean oonsentration.
SELECIING APPROPRIATE SAT{PLING IOCATIONS, DEprrrS, AND
METIIODS
Tlre location, dqlths, and methods for sampling depend on many facon.
fhesc include the degree of accuracy desircd, thc spatial and tcmporal
\radabifity of the media to be sampled, and thc cosg involved.
To ensurc that samples collected duing Phase I activities of thc RFI arp as
representative as possible, statistics wiU bc usc to select thc most appmpdatt
sampling strategy.
Selection of specific locations and depths is sitc dcpcnd€nt, urd selcction of a
specific sampling approach is based on eristing tnowledge of thc sia.
The majority of the industrial discharges at the fhiokol facility occrrr as
localized (poinQ sourpes where the wastewatcr is discharged to thc ground
surfacc or into an injection wdl. ffie primary characteristic of a lmlizpd
release is generally a limited arca of rclativdy high contaninant aonocotntim
surrounded by larger areas of rclatively cl€an soil. Tlrercforc, thc inidel
sampling design will incorporarc judgmental sanpling to cmccotretc on
obtaining verification of conaminang at tho points of expecrcd highcst
concentration, and may dso include lxrme prctiminary samplcs for daermining
the boundaries of the conaminatcd area.
A form of random sampling desigr, either simplc random c stratifiod tandom,
will be usod at ttrc sitcs ctnracterized as eithcr small or large aruas whcrp
oontamination is suspeted to bc found in ths surfacc laycrror docpcr wi6in
the soil profilc. Old propcllant burning grounds, dminfiddr reiving
industrial wastewatcr, and storage areas will utilize a random dxign for
detern{ning sampling locations.
lte dctailed sampling plam outlining the proposod objctivcs and procodurcr
to bc followed during sampling activities arc outlined within ttrc rcspectivc
wodglans in Volume Four of thc RFI submittal.
Soil sampling methods are discussed in Appendix C of this docunrent.
9
4,5
4.6
MEDIA TO BE SAIUPLED
ltc initial covircnmental media trceptm for nearly any releasc from a solid
m$r managemcnt unit is the soil. Ttereforc, Thiolol's initial investigation
efforts under Phase I, Task I, of thc RCRA Faci[ty Investigation will
conoentratc on verification of a reJeasc of hazardous waste or hazardous wastc
constituen(s) of concem and indicaors in $e soil.
Tlrc potential for inter-media trurder of conaminmts from 0p soil may bc
significant from solid waste management units. Contaminatcd soil can bo a
sourpc of conamination o ground water. lhiokol rccognizes thir potcntial for
inrcr-media transport and will expand thc investigation as noo$sary througb
subsequent monioring in Phase tr of the RFI.
PARAMEIERS TO BE MEASI'RET)
Thiokol has proposed constituents and paramaers for monitoring in Phaso I
based on knowledge of the prccess$ generating thc wastc, as well as thc
composition of the wastcs known or su{rocted to have been managcd at the
site. llrherc analytrcal data is available from past sampling actiyitics,
constituents werp choscn bascd on concentrations prcscot whco oompared to
regutatory levels or bacSround. In the case of ths industrial wa$xlaE
discharges, these constituents rcpresent those which wcrc found in prwious
sampling of the effluent to exceed relevant rcgulatory, hcalth and risk bas.d
standards as well as background critsia. Additional constitucoB of concern
may bc added when they save as indicaton of other chcmicals.
Analytical data obtained from past sampling has allowed fitiokol to rcfirc thc
numbs of constituens for routine analysis to thosc which are ftoqucntly
detccted at a given wastc management site. Ihiobl will usc thesc cm$ifircog
as the constituents of concem for ttre initial verification of a rclcasc in Phe$ I.
Whcn tlrcsc onstituents arc dctcc'tod at lcvcb statistically above bacfgmrd
and/or regulatory shndards, an expanded lrrpen for additional analytcs mey bc
warruitod in a subsoqucnt plnsc of the RFI.
Whcn a sampling plan lists volatilc orgpnica as a paramefier for analysir, tho
analytcs to be reported are listcd in Table 3.
TYPES OF SAIUPLES AT.ID NT'MBER OF SAIUPLES
Both surface and subsurface samples will bc collccted during Phesc I astivitict.
The individual workplans conained in Volume Four of thc RFI eocificr thG
4.7
4.8
tlryes and numbcr of samples to be collccted at each sitc.
MEASI'RES TO PREVENT CONTAII{INATION OF SAI\{PLING
EQITIPIT{ENT AND CROSS CONTAI\,IINATION BETWEEhI SAIUPLING
Ponins
All equipmcnt and tools to be used at the sampling sitc will bc rcquirod to be
st€am cleaned and pass inspection upon mobilization at each site.
fuiy downhole equipment must bc decontaminatcd betrveen samples using an
dconox soap scrub. The equipment must then be rinsed with tap water
followod by a final rinse using deionized water.
Rinse blanks will be used o assess potcntial cross-contamination rcsulting
from improper equipment deconamination. Tlre rinsc blanlc witl bc obtainod
from the final rinsc water. fire rinse blank will bc opcn and €xposod to fuld
conditions to detcrmine coilamination due to freld conditions, oquiprncnt
cleaning, and conainer cleaning procedures
The following precautions will be taken to minimizc cross contrmination:
o Painted or plated equipment will not be used.
When possible, sampling wifl proceed ftom the suspectd least
contaminated arra to the suspested most oontaminatod af,rea.
A clean pair of new, disposable gloves wifl be utilizcd for cach
sampling site.
Following sample collection, the outside of the sample container
will be uriped with a clean paper towel to tpmove e;roe$ soil.
Samples suspected of conaining high lwels of contaminants witl
be segregatcd ftom those containing low lwels urd bactrpund
samPles.
VOA vials will be placed in relosable ag bags.
Care will be taken to prwent storAge of sample ontainers with
possible sources of contamination.
Handling of samples will be minimizcd following collction.
o
o
o
o
a
11
o
4.9
4.9.1
4.9.2
4.9.3
Sample containers will be pachged and prepared for
fansportation to laboratory to ptevent becoming submerged in
the went of ice melt.
DOCT'MEI$IING FIELD SAI\{PLING OPERATIONS AND PROCEDT'RES
All sampling operations and procedures will bc documentod during thc REI.
Doeumenhtion allorvs the sampler to rwiew the sampling envitonment,
location, sit+specific measurements, etc.
Tlrc documentation issues of critical importancc arc discussed below:
Samplc Bottle kbels
To mainain an inrcrnal chain of custody rccord, samples witl bc tabclod with
Thiokol Form TC 4793 (or equivalent furnished by a contract lab) gummed
paper labels. The labcl must includc thc following information:
Name of sample collector.
Dale and timc of sampling.
Location and ide,ntification of unste site.
kboratory Work Request number.
Sampling Point Locations
The cxact location of each sampling point will marbd by driving a wmdcn
stab into the ground. The sab will be markod with permanent ink indicating
the grid intcn el.
A permancnt monum€nt (i.e. building oorner or other stationa4r snrctue) will
be referenccd when esbblishing the sarting point for thc grid pafilsn ftom
which'all sarrpling points will bc measureO. Location, bcarina, disane and
othcr pcrdncot information relating the samplc grid and samplc locatisls to
this pcrmancnt structurc will be documented in thc log book
Field f,Og g*t
All fidd dosummation will bc cnterpd into a fidd log book ThG fidd log
book will bc maintrinod to rccod all pertinent sampliag information, actividca
and procodures. The book will be bound and paginarcd. It will bc nainEircd
L2
4. 10
by ttrc sample collector and kept at thc laboratory or at the sample collction
sits, dcpcnding upon the sampling froqucncy and the location of the sitc.
EnEicr in thc field log will include:
Location of the waste site.
Name of the sample collector.
Tlpc of prcce$ generating wastc.
T,,pe of sample.
Suspoctcd waste composition.
Number and volume of sample tahl.
Darc and time of samplc collection.
Iaboraory Work Request number.
Any measurement made at the sampling sitc (e.g., pH, flammability).
Weather conditions
Deconnmination procedures
Any pertinent obsenration or commenB concerning thc samplc u proccdure.
SELECTING APPROPRHTE SAT{PLE CONTAINERS
The most important factotr to consider whcn choosing cqraincrs for
lnzardow wastc samples are compatibility with the waste, cost, rrsistanoc b
breakage, and volume. Containers must not distort, nrpturc, or lcak as a
result of chemical reactions with constituents of wastc samples. Thus, it is
important to have some idea of thc proecrUes and oomposition of thc weste.
The containers must have adoquatc wall thickncss to wihstand hadting duritg
sample collection and transport to thc laboratory. ConAincrs with widc
mouths are desirable to facilitatc trandcr of samplcs ftom sarrplcrr b
containers. Also, the containers must be large cnough to conAin tb optimun
sample volume.
Conainers for collecting and storing hazardous wasE samplcs are usudly
made of plastic or glass. Plastics that arc commonly uscd to mab thc
containers include highdensity or linear potycthyleoc (IXE), conmtimal
polyethylene, pollryropylene, polycartonatc, tcflon FEP (fhruinalod cthylcoc
propylene), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or polymethylpentcoc. Te,flon FEP i!
almost universally usable due to is chcmical incrtncs! and rcsi$etre to
breakage. Howwer, its high cost serrcrcly limiB iu usc. LPE, o 0rc othcr
hand, usndly offen the best combination of cicmical rcsishnce and low ost
when simples arc to be ualyzcd for inorganic parametem.
Glass containers are relatively ineft to most chcmicals and can bc urGd b
collect and store almost alt hazardous waste samples ercc,pt thosc that conain
strong alkali and hydrofluoric acid. Soda glas boftlca arc suggcstod drc to
13
4.11
4.L2
their low cost and ready anilability. Borosilicatc glass containers, such as
BElr and Corex, arE morc incrt and more ttsistant o breatage ttnn soda
ghtt but are expensive and not always rcadily availablc. Glass cqrtrincrs arr
$n6e!ly rnorc fragilc and much heavicr than plastic containers. Gtass u FEP
coaincrs must be used for wastc samples that will bc analyzed for org;anic
compounds.
Tlrc conainers must have tight, screw-type lids. Plastic bottca arc usrnlly
pryidd with sseu, caps madc of the samc matcrid as thc bottla. Buttresc
threads arc recommended. Cap lincrs arc not usrully requircd for plastic
conaincn. Teflon cap linss should be uscd with glass containers suppliod
with rigid plastic screw caps. Teflon linss may be purchascd frrom plastic
spcialty supply houses (e.9., Scientific Specialties Scrvice, Inc., P.O. Box
352, Randallstown, hfaryland 21133). firesc caps ar€ usually providod with
uaxed paper liners. CIher liners that may be suiublc are polyalrylcnc,
polypropytcne, and neqrrcne plastics.
The type of sample conainer will be daermined bascd on thc typcr of analyscr
to be performed. Tablc 2 summarizes the curent EPA rccommcndod
container for specific contaminants.
Samplc containers wiU be proyidod by the laboratory under conEact to pcrfcm
the analytical work. fire sample containers wil be requircd to bc clcanod fil
EPA apprwed specification.
SAI\{PT.E PRESERVATION
Sample preserrration is dependent on the type of analyscs to bc FrfGmGd.
Table 2 summarizes current EPA sample prescfl/atim requircmcots which will
be followcd for all sampling conductcd in Phasc I of thc RFI. Ctcmicel
pescmation of soil samples is gencrally not rccommcodGd. Soil serylcr will
be kept cool (4'C) in ice chests until they arivc at thc laboratmjr.
SAIT{PLE VOLTIMES
Ib volume of samplc requirod may b both laboabry and aoelyE dcpcnacar
Table 2 summarizes thc preferred volume fu speific analytcs obAinod ftom
one uraiytical laboratory.
Ttrc laboratory arvarded ttre cqruact for Ptrasc I analytical wort will bc
consulted for volume requirements.
O 4.r3
'AI\{PLE
II,LDING TrMEs
ltc sanrplc holding timc begins at thc time thc samplcs arc tabr in thc field
and continucs until they arc preparcd or analyzcd.
Samples colleted in the field during Pttase t will genaally bc shippd to the
laboratory at tlre conclusiolt of each sampling day.
Tablo 2 summarizes thc currmt EPA ruommcndod sample holding timo
requirements.
4.14 CIIAIN-OF.CUSTODY FORMS
A "chainofrustody' (ftiokol Form CORP-I4A r€oord wil bc maintrincd to
tracc the lnssession and handling of samplcs ftom the time of colletion
through analysis. firis record will be kept in accordance with the
Gmwdwoter Suvling and Anahsis Plan, Sction 92.V2.2 of firiobl
Corlnration' s Hazardous Waste Permit &Utlication.
Ilre chain-of-custody form will aooompany the conairms druing samptc
collection, transportation back to the laboratory, and analysis. Each pcrrm
having custody of the samples recorded on thc chain-of-cnstody will sign ald
date thc form certifying transfs of custody or rwipt of thc samplcs.
4.15 LABORATORY WORK REQT EST
A kboratory Work Request (LUR) will be filled ott by thc sampling
t€chnician or roquesting engineus accuding to thc Thiobl's OualW
Assurancc Planfor tlu hrironttratal Labmot!, and will aoompany thc
sample to the laboratory. Test pammetss will bG dctermined by
Environmenal Enginecring aeoonAing to ths locatim of thc ras EiE and tho
luzardous matcrials which may be reasonably assumed to bc foud in 0tG
wastc container. All analytical results will bc rqlortrd b Envircnmentrl
Enginsing.
4.16 SAI\{PLING PI.AI{S
A detailed sampling plan has been u/rittcn for eac,h unit whcrp sampling will
occur during Phase I of the RFI. Ilrc detaild sampling plan gcocrally follom
the procednres outlined in 0ris plan and in Tcst Mcihds for Evaluatng SoM
15
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.2.L
Wastes (SW846, third edition), Chaptcr Nine.
IIELD M AI\D OPERA'TING PROCEDIJRES
SELECflNG APPROPRHTE FIELD MEAST'REMEI.IT IOCATIONS,
DEPTHS, ETC.
Actual sampling locations are choscn using a random numbers tablc and e grrd
pattcm. The procedures are discnsscd in sections 4.2 and 4.3.
D4ttrs for sampling were choscn after an evaluation of thc site which
included, but was not limited to, the following:
o Solubility of the suspecad contaminanB
o Location of the sourpe (surface or within thc soil profilc)
o Pedod of time for eirporurc or relcase
DOCT'MENTING FIEID MEAST'REMENTS AI{D PROCEDT'RES
All sampling qrcrations and procedures will bc doqrmentcd during thc REI.
Documentation allows the sampler to rwiew tho sampling environmcnt,
location, sitc'specific measutements, etc.
firc documenation issues of critical imporhnce are discussed below:
Sampling Point Locations
Thc cilact location of each sampling point will marbd by drivirry a woodcn
stab into thc grormd. Tlre stakc wi[ be marbd with pcrmancnt int indicating
thc grid intcnral.
A monument indicating the starting point fc thc gfid paucrn from which dl
samplini points will bc mcasurGd witl bc choaco and dosumentcd in thc log
book. A corner of a building or othu stationary structurG may scrvc as thp
monument. If no stationary feature exists at the sitc, a stab wiU bc driven
into the grcund and desig;nated as the refercoce monument fG tho siE.
16
5.2.2
5.3
From thc reference monument, all sampling points will bc dctcrminod using a
mcarudng tape and/or a oompass.
Field tlg Book
All field documenation will bc entcrpd into a field log booh ltc field log
book will be maintaind to record all putinart sampling information, actiyitics
and procedures. fire book wilt be bound and paginatod. It will bc maintained
by the sample collector and kept at the laboratory or at the samplc colletion
sitc, dcpcnding upon the sampling frequency and the location of the sitc.
Entries in the field log will include:
I-ocation of the waste site.
Name of the sample collector.
T,"e of process generating wastc.
Type of sample (re,plicate, blank, bac$round, etc.)
Suqpectcd waste composition.
Number and volume of sample tabr.
Dafc and time of sample collectim.
kboratory llrork Request number.
Any measurement made at the sampling sitc (e.9., pII, flammability).
Weather conditions
Decontamination procedures
Any pertinent observation or comments concenring thc sarple or proccdurc.
GROT'ND WATER SAI\{PLING
Ground wat€r samples will be h&en by personnd who have becn properly
trained and puform ground wat€r sampling on a toutinc basis as part of thcir
job functior. Thiokol Corporation has dwdo@ a plan to satisfy thc
requircments for a ground wat€r sampling and analysis plan as refcrcoood in
zil.n. of thc Codc of Fedcral Rcgulations (CFR). Thc plan dso addrcsscs
Setioris R450 7-134 of the Administrative Rules for ttc Utah Solid and
Ilazardous WasE Committcc and 40 CFR 265.93 with rcryst to Assessmcot
Mmitcing. Tlris plan is tdttld Gmwd Waq Soryling md Anahsk Plor For
M-136 Buning Gruuds. Ranision 4, and ir fotmd in SGstim U2,A2.2 of
Thiokol;Cor?oruion Hamrdous Wostc Pcrnit Appttcotton- Novrrzt}rir 1991 u
well as in the M-136 htrning Area Gruwd Wucr Moniming hogtwn Intqim
Egpfrt, and a copy is ilso included wift Urfu Datr Collctim Quality
Assurance R€port.
Thc plan specifically addrcsses the sampling of ground watcr monitoring wcllg
L7
5.4
6.0
6. 1
at Thio&ol Utah-bascd Opaations. Thc plan addresses all procedures for
ckiqg S!$nd $at€r samplcs, dtipping the samples for utalysis, and methods
fu ualyzing samples.
SOIL AT.ID SEDIMENT SAI\{PLING
Soil and sodiment sampling methods will vary with thc t)?e of soil or sodimat
being sampled, ttre hazards, (including possiblc explosive potential) which may
bc associatcd with the sample, and the typc of testing which will bc donc
during thc uralysis of the samples. Soil sampling will be conductcd according
to the sampling plans pre,pared for each sitc. Soil sampling will conform o
the solid sampling provisions in thc currently anailablc edition of thc EPA
mannal of Test Methds For Evafuoting Solid Wutes, Chapt€r Nine.
SATVTPI.E AI\TALYSXS SECTION
I-ABORATORY SEIECTION
Thiokol Corporation has an in-housc laboratory capablc of analyzing many of
the environmental samples hbn duing the RFI. Ttriobl intcods O usc thir
laboratory for analytical evaluation of samples unles this laborafiory cannot
sulrl,ort the investigation requircments or is not certificd for analysis of cstain
parametm. In thesc cases, a contracted taboratory certificd to do thc spccific
analysis would be used for analytical evaluation of samples.
In the e\r€nt that analytical services are required of a omtracted laborarcry,
ltriobl will promptly notify the Division of Solid ald Ilazardous Wastc and
furnish a copy of the laboratory's own QA/QQ plan and othcr datd
information.
All samples ta&en during the RFI will be amlyzrd by a Statr stifred
laboratory using EPA or Statc apprwed analyucal metlrods.
Tte following factors wiU be considered when selectirry a contract labratory:
o -Capabilities (faciliti$, personnel, instrumcntrtion), including:
- Participation in intcrlaborafiory shtdies (c.9., EPA or othcr Fcdcral
or State agcncy sponsored analytrcal programs);
- Certification (e.9., Federal or Stratc);
18
6.2
Refercnces (e.9., other clients); and
Experience (RCRA and oths environmentally relatcd projects).
. Scrvice:
- Tumaround time; and
- Technical input (e.g., trcommcndations on analytical
procedures).
Any contract laboratory engaged by Thiokol to perform analyucal eraluatims
will be requircd and eirpected o perform their work in a manncr that, at a
minimum, meeB the sandards of performance maintaind by lhiobl'g in-
house laboratory.
Thiokol's hboraory Services includes two laborarsics with analytical tcsdtrt
capabiliti$. The Chemical and Physical Analysis tabomtory ic cmccsncd
primarily with the determination of physical Eopertie of matcrialr and
analysis for inorganic par:ameten. The SpocEoctrcmical Analysis talcaluy
tests primarily for organic parametem. fircse hro laboratodcs have crmsivc
e,:rpaience in the characterization and conml of hazardous ingr€dimB u$d in
the manufacturing of solid rocket motors and othcr pyrotehnic dcvioss.
Groups from these two laboratorics comprisc thc Thiobl Envirmmcntrl
Iaboratory. fire ability to perform orrently requirod envirmmcaal
monioring is confirmed through participation in a stab audit and ccrtification
program.
Additional personnel, facilities, and equipment will bc addod as rcquircd to
meet increascd testing needs. Appropriatc tcst methods will bc dcvclopod and
adapted as roquired for hazardous wastc sitc closurc and gtumdvaE uslytil.
tuy analytical testing which cannot bc competady oondwtod in-hCIrs will be
conrac'ted outof-housc until expertise is acquired and/u apprcpriaE Elt
mcthods are derreloped.
DETF4ItrI\IATION oF AI{ALYSIS PARAMEIERSI
Currcnt analysis parameters are based on thc types of hazardous magials
which coutd reasonably be expected to bc relcascd or usod at ths siE.
Appendix 0l.A of tlrc Thiokol Corynmtion's Hazardous Wasn Mt
Aoplicuion conains namss of identifiod wastc sEtamr, and hazarfuir
19
6.3
oontaminants which may be Prescnt.
For mcals (Arscnic, Barium, Cadmium, Chromium r Lrad, Mcrcrry,
Solcnium), a total metals, dry wcight bads, rcportd in m/kg tcst procedure
will bc us€d. Since thesc constitucnts art naturally occurring, this proccdure
should minimizc E utpes of variation.
AIYALYTICAL METIIODS
AII samples collcted for laboratory analysis in Phase I will bc analyzcd using
EPA apprwed methods. For ground wats samples, thesc mdhods are
specified in Table B-2 of Thiokol's Post{losutp Permit. Soil samples will bc
amlyzd by methods describcd in thc most rucrrt arailablc oditim of thc IggE
Mahods for Evaluating Solid $raste (SW-846, thfud edition) taloratry manual
published by the U.S. Environmental Pnotction Agcncy. Ihis manual
conains matrods for the chemical and physical analysis of warcr and wastcs.
In many cases a lldokol Corporation document such as a DAP (Devclqmcntal
Analytical kocedure) or SLP (Shndard trboratory Procedure) will bc
generatcd for routine analysis which explicitly follows thc corrcct EPA
method. Ihese in-house documents add details applicable to spocific
equipment or techniques which may only be gencrally outlined in thc EPA
procedure.
Methods alprcved by EPA for ualysis of hazardous wastcs that havc not bsr
incorporatcd into Test Methods for Eraluating Solid Wasrc (SUr-846, thid
edition) may also be used for testing. firese methods will normally bc
rcfercnced in the Federal Registcr.
In addition, metlrods adaptcd or dwel@ by the Chemical and Physical
Andysis and Sp*uochemical Analysis laboraories, whcn thc abor,e
referenced mahods arc found o be inapplicable to thc uarfis being waluatod,
wil be usod. These malrcds arc most likely to be n€cdcd in cascr whcrc thc
EPA does not have an apprwed mahod for a paramacr. Eoc,c\rcr, thcy may
also be n€odcd in thc samplc prceantion area, whccc thc analyst with a
d€taild tnowledge of the typcs of mafcrials found in the wa$o strlam can usc
thcir expaicncc and taining to dcvclop an accuratc analysis. llcso mahodg
must be fully documented and be raceablc to referene matcrials sue,h as NIST
LABORATORY QUALXTY ASST RANCB
Iaboratory quality assuranoc methods and prooedures arc dirtssod in thc
6.4
20
7.0
t.0
Ihiokol Byimnnuntal Loboratory Owliry,lssurucc Plan which is found in
Appcodix D. Although this plan represants the Q,uality Assurance Plan for
Thiobl's Research and Development Iaboratories, any conEact kboralories
usod for analysis during the RFI will bc requirod to furni$ to Thiokol a copy
of ttreir onn QA/QC plan. Ttriokol will then supply a copy of this plan to thc
Division of Solid and Ilazardous Waste.
FIELD ITWESTIGATION PERSONNEL
All sampling required for the RFI will be conducted by personnd from
Thiokol's Environmental Engineering and Environmental Monitoring gnoups,
with assisance as needed from outsidc contractors to supply spociatizea
cquipment. Ttese individuals perform environmental sampling on a rcutine
basis as part of their job functions.
Thesc individuals are knowledgeablc regarding the sitcs at thc Thiobl hcility,
the gencral methods and procedures used in obaining environmental sampler,
and the equipment available and used in environmental sampling.
Thiokol personnel will be present to obtain dl samples at those siEs whcrc
specialized equipment is provided by an outsidc oontractor.
EYALUATION AI\D IISE OF AIYALYTICAL REST'LTTI
In ord€r to determine if a release has occurred from any of thc Solid \lrasE
Ir{an4ement Units, a comlnrison witl be made betwocn ttre analytical rtsult!
from the sampling activities and sandards which arp considcrcd to be
protective of health and the environme,nt. Ttis comlnrative data may
le,prcs€nt background levels ftom the firiokol facility and/or publishod lct/ck
such as thosc conainod in the EPA document Contatvc Aaionfor fuM
Woste Marugemcnt Units u Haztrdous Waste Matugemnt Facilitics:
Propo$ed Rulc hrty 2" 1991, MCI*, Risk-Spccifrc Doscs (RSDs), Rdcrcnoe
Dose (RfD) and other applicablc ass$sment critcrie.
At thosc sitcs wherc judgmenAl sampling mettrods are usod, ths analytical
rcsults will be compared to bac$rcund datr using cmtrol chattt. If the
analyuet data fails this test, the sitc will be invcstigatcd furthcr using random
sampling methods to obtain additional data for thc siE.
Wherc random sampling methods are used, ttrc ualytical dalr will bG
statisticaliy compared to applicable sandards. If constitncng arc found b bG
statistically above background and applicablc standards, thc tmit will be
2L
8. I
considcrcd as the E)urce of a releass to 0tc environment and a candidatc for
further action in Phase tr of the RFI. Othe,turiso, the assumption will be that
no firttrcr action is needcd.
Ttc satistical comparison tcchniques which will bc used in Phase I are
presentod in Appendix E.
Figurc 8.1 is a flow chart illustsating thc mehods of ualysis which will bc
usod. Tlresc mahods are basod upon the perccntagc of not detectod (ND) or
less than dacction values of the bac$round samples. Procedure I is uscd for
constituents which exhibit less than 15 percert not dctectcd (![D). Procedurc
2 is usod for constituents with greater than or oqual to 15 pcrccnt but less than
50 perccnt not detected (tID). Proce&uc 3 is uscd for constituents with
grcatcr than or equal to 50 perccnt but less than 90 pcrcent nd d€&ctd (ND),
and Proccdure 4 is uscd whse thc constituents in thc bactground crhibit
gr€atcr than or equal to 90 pe,rqent not detoctod (t{D). Each of tlpsc
proccdures are described in greatcr detail belw. All analyses will bG
performod using STATA Statistical Software published by Computcr Rcsourpo
Center, Los Angeles, California.
STATISTICAL PROCEDT'RE 1
Statistical Procedure I is performed on all constituents with background valucs
exhibiting less Oran 15 percent not detetod (l.ID). A covariancc tcst is uscd to
detcrmine if thc daa was normd. If thc data sct is normal, non dm@d
values are replaced with one.half of the Practical @antificatim Limit (PQL)
or detcction larcl and a one-way analysis of Variance (AI[OVA) is thco
performed.
Data scB that are not normal are transformod wing a natural log fuirction and
again checbd for normality using the covariance tcst. Non dcbctod valucc
are replaced with the log of onehalf of the PQL (or detoction limi$. If thG
uansformcd data is nonnal, a oneway ATIOVA fu thcn perfcmod. ffthe log
carsfiirmed date set is not normal, a Kruskal-Wallis orwey nsFparlrmcEic
AIIOVA could be performcd.
AI{OVA is sr/aluatod by comparing thc F-calc'ulatod valuc with thc vahrc ftom
percenfles of Fdistribution able at n degres of fteedom and a levcl of
significance of c = 0.05). If the calculatcd valuc does not exceod thc hblc
value, then the hlryothesis cannot be &iectd. The Bonfcrroni t-tcst i!
evaluated'directly from the calculated Eble for each constitucot. If thc matrix
valuc betrven grcups is not lcas ttran 0.99 (a = 0.01) thco thc hypothcsir
cannot be &iect€d. Values less than 0.99 indicatc poeutaton difrcttosr.
22
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Strtistical Procedure 2 is performcd on all constituents with bac$round ralues
glrtcr than or eryal to 15 and less than 50 percent not deteted (![D). The
datr sct is tested for normality with covariance. Non-parameric analysis of
rnriance (Kruskal-lvallis one-way ualysis of variane tcst) is theo usod to
comlEfl, ths total bac$round with the total obscrved values at a fivc pcrcurt
level of significance (c = 0.05). If therc is a stetistically significant
differcnce benreen these two grcups, non-parametric ANOVA is performcd
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squarcd Table at n degrees of freedom and at 95 or 9D pucent probabilities.
STATISTICAL PROCEDT'RE 3
Constihrcnts with the numbs of nondetccted values greatcr than or equal to 50
percqtt and less ttran 90 percent are compared with control charts. If therp arc
sufEci€nt samples, then a Test of Proportions will bc usod. Control chart arp
simple visual comparisons wherc the mean, variancc, and outliers are ploued
for the toal background and individual sampling data.
STATTSTICAL PROCEDT'RB 4
Constituents having background values with 90 percent or mort nm dctected
arc compared wittr conrol charts. Ttese cturts arp visual compadrm! whcrp
the mean, varianoe, and outliers are plotted for the total backgroud and in-
dividual sampling data.
23
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SAI\{PLING CONTAINERS, SOLID WASTE MS,
PRESERVATION REQM,
HOLDING TIMES AIYD
Prc VOLT'ME FOR SOIL SAI\{PLES
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sol{g
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Sulfate P'G 9035-3t Coolr 4'C 2t deyr l0
Nitrate P,G 920i,/Coolr 4oC 4t horrlr l0
Nitrate-Nitrite P'G g?fi Cool, 4tC 2t dryr l0
Chromium VI P,G 7t95 eool 4'C 2{ hilrr l0
Mercury P,G 7470 Cool,4tC 2t drryt l0
Meuls (except Cr*6, Hg)P,G 7000 Scrio or 5010 Coolr 4tC 6mdr l0
Cyanide P'G 9010 Cool, {cC 14 dryr t0
Volatile Orranics (Soih)Glur, Tef,on
Lined Crp
t24p,Cool, {tC l{ deyr 5
Semivolatile Orrankx (Soils)Gler, Tcflon
Lircd Cep
asott2;to Coolr 4cC l{{.-oil.110-d.l0r.l0
TCLP Ghr$ Tcf,on
LiEd Crp
13l I Cool, 4tC 7{.-ctr.r{}d.lttr.100
P = polycrhylcnc
G = glas!
Samplc pucrvation rhould be pcrfonncd.inmdirtrty qoo lqlc eolhct'ro. For coryodc rrqb.r ..ch dlqrg ecrE b. prurlrod rt thr t'ro of collcction.
Whcn impouiblo to prrlorvc crch diquoq.boo rl4lcr my bo prcrntcd by neicriliaf a 4og uril coqoddry rd rqb ;plidag b coqlad.
Samplcr shoutd bc rnalyzcd u roo u 6rdbb rlbr cotlccrioo. Th. tio.. lircd erg thc ordoru du tta rupt . oy De trtd brbo .o.lrdr .d aitt
considercdvalid. Srnplamrybohctdfo. l6pcFrio&ootyifttr.ldytic.thDom*yhudrtrotlro-ovtrtb4clfctfpoo(rrqLouadcr*dy
arc rtablc for 0lo lon3cr rirnc.
u.s.EPA (19E3).
TABLE 3
YOI"ATILE ORGANIC CEETI|ICAI.S
Acetronc
Acrolcin
Acryloniuilc
Bcnzcnc
Bromodichlorompthanc
Bromoform
Bromomocthanc
2-Butanorre
Carton Dirulfidc
Carton Tctrachtoridc
Chlorobenzeno
Chlonccthanc
2 -Ch loroeth y lvinyl Ethcr
Chlororform
Chloromethanc
Cis, 1,3-Dichloropropcr
Dibromochlommcthrnc
I ,2-Dichlorobcnzerrc
I ,3-Dichtorpbenzene
1,4-Dichlorobenzcnc
, l,l-Dichtorpethane
I ,2-Dichloroethanc
I , l -Dichloroethene
I ,2-Dichloropropanc
Ethylberuenc
2-Hexanone
Methylene Ctrloride
4-Methyl-2-Pentanonc
o-Xylenc
2-Propanol (IPA)
Styrcne
l, 1,2,2-T etrachtoroethenp
Tetrachlorrcctlrane
Totuene
Tranr 1,2-Dichtorocthens
Trans l r3-Dichloropropom
I ,l , lrTrichloroethanc
l, 1,2-Trichloroethanc
Trichloroethene
Tric h lo ro rfluo romethanc
Vinyl Acetatc
Vinyl Chloridc
o
o
o
rnzsDoz =]T
Teilr-U,=!r-
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LABORATORY WORK REOUEST
t{9 63 123 0
c90M:
.AiilzATtot
EXTENSIOT COST CETTER PROJECT IIIO.TASX SUBTASX
MAIL STOP WORT ORDER NO.USER PC'T
SAMPLE INFORMATION
SAMPLE OESCEIPTION
PART NO./STOCK TTO.
TEST FEOUIREO OR DESCRIPTIOil OF WORT REOUNEO. ITCLUDE FEASOT FOR NEOUEST
ASSEMSLY SERIAL NO.
S.qMPLED BY
l-
-
RAW MATERIAL
INPROCESS
POST PROCESS
SERTAL .!O./LOT NO.ASSEMBTY PANT NO.
l.
o
REFORT NESUTTS TO
RESUUTS OF LAEORATIORY ANALYSUS
OATE ANO TIME COMPTETEO
SENO COPV TO RESUIrS OESIRED BY ISPECIFIC DATEI
AUTHONEED sIGilAruRE OR I'TSPECTIOT STAMP
DISPOSITION
FOR LABORATORY USE ON
I AccEPr tr REJEcT tr REsAMPLE
TIM€ REOUIRED
FORi,t TC 715 (REV 2.861
O
LABORATORY MATERIAL TNEET TC .7s3 lREv 5-861
o
MATER|AT STATUS
TATO CLASS
=
r.r E r.3
TTITRATE ESTB OTHER
=YEs =ilo EYES Ero
DATE
OEVETOP UATTNAT
E YEs E lro
iIIATERIAL DESCRIPTION
COiIIPLETED BY
o
PROJECI
ioB NO.DATE
LOG OF TEST PIT NO.
Backhoe T
GROUND WATER
DEPTH HOUn DAIE
SAMPI,E WPE
B - Undislurbcd Elock Samplc
D - Disturbed Bulk Semnle
Localio
Elevalion
Dalum
vrsuAt ct^ltslFlcAl loN
APPENDIX B
GROT]ND WATER SAI\{PLTNG PROCEDI.]RE
GROT,ND WATER SAI'{PLING AI{D AI.IALYSIS PI,AN
FOR M-135 BT'RNING GROT'NDS
REVISION 4
FEBRUARY L99L
PREPARED BY:
CONCT]RRENCE BY:
r ^ ti
"t' V"uJ' 1/ !4"^1 ,='*-
Environmental Monitoring
J. ql Holladay
Envi*onmental Engineer
J. A. Slaughterl Supervisor
Environmental Engineering
CONCTIRRENCE BYI
1.0
2.O
Purpose
Sample
2.L
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
CONTENTS
and Scope
Collection
Water Level I'teasurement
Purging the Monitoring l{el1s
2.2.1 Purging High-Yield Formatj,ons
2.2.2 Purging Low-Yield Formations
2.2.3 Purging and Sanpling Eguipnent
2.2.4 Nested llulti-Screened Well
Placement of Pump Intake
2.3.L In High-YieLd Formations
2.3.2 In Low-Yield Fomations Monitoring
2.3.3 Subnersible in Tanden with Gas
Displaeeuent Bladder Pumps
Sanpling Procedure for Monitoring Wells
Fie1d Quality Assurance and Control Program
2.5.1 Quality Assurance and Control Officer
2.5.2 Field and Trip Blanks
2.5.3 Blind Control and Spiking Sauples
2.5.4 Sanple llandling
2.5.5 Labeling Samples
2.5.6 Field Book
2.5.7 . Chain of Custody Control Procedures
2.5.8 Field Equipnent Calibration Procedure
Sanple Collection Schedule2.6
3.0
4.0
3.1
3.2
CoNTENTS (CONTTNUED)
Analysis of Ground Water Samples
Parameters
Laboratory
4.L
4.2
4.3
Purpose and Scope
Reports
Presentation of Analytical Results
4.3.1 Listing of Data
4.3.2 Statistical Analysis
Presentation and Interpretation of Analytical Results
Attachment I
Attachment II
Attachment fff
Ground Water Monitoring
and Description
Procedure for Samp1ing,
Wells
ATTACHMENTS
Well Location, Number,
Ground Water Monitoring
Analytical Iulethods and Laboratory Quality
Assurance and Control for Ground l{ater Samplesat American West Laboratories
FTGURE
FTGI,IRE
FIGT'RE
FIGT'RE
FIGT'RE
r
rr
IrI
rv
v
FTGTIRES
Water Flow Patterns for Well
Chaj.n of Custody Form
Chain of Custody Seals
aA/Qc Responsibility Chart
Pump Setting Detail
Evacuation
o
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
TABLE
I
II
rrr
IV
v
TABLES
Handling Procedures for Ground Water Samples
!{-136 Waste Water Ponds Monitoring Parameters
field Water Quality Monitoring Parameters
TABLE VI
Annual Analytical Parameters
Sampling Schedu1e, Equipment, and
Each Ground Water Monitoring Well
Appendix IX Parameters
Procedure Used for
1.0
2.0
2.L
2.2
PT'RPOSE AIID SCOPE
Thiokol Corporation has developed this plan to satisfythe requirements for a ground water saupling and analysisplan as referenced Ln 264.97 of the Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR). The plan also addresses Sections R315
7-L3-4 of the Utah Adninistrative Code and 40 CFR 265.93with respect to Assessment Monitoring.
The plan specifically addresses the sanpling of ground
water monitoring weIls at Thiokol Utah-based operatj.ons.
The location, number, and description of each well are
discussed in Attachment I. The plan addresses all
procedures for taking ground water samples, shipping the
sanples for analysis, and uethods for analyzing samples.
SAITTPLE COLLECTION
Water Leve1 Measurement
Before sanpling any ground water monitoring weIls, a
water level measurement will be recorded using anelectronic water level indicator to the nearest 0.01 ft.
The water level wiLl be recorded in the field book before
each monitoring well is sampled.
Water level Deasurements of aII the monitoring wells will
be taken on a quarterly basis within a 24-hour period to
insure consistency between nonitoring wells. Ho!f,ever, a
water level measureuent will only be taken when a nininruuof 24 hours has passed since the monitoring well was
pumped or bailed.
Purqino the lttonitorinq Wells
The ground water monitoring well will be purged before
sanpling begins. Monitoring wells shall be purged sothat stagrnant waters, which are not representative of the
waters in the aquifer, can be removed before sanpling.
The amount of water to be renoved fron the well will be
dependent upon the ground water yield of the formation in
which the well is located.
High-Yield Fomations
For high-yieId formations (which produce greater than 1gpn), three casing volunes of, water vill be removed fronthe well or until the pH, temperature, and conductance
has stabilized, whichever is greater. A casing volume is
defined as the volume of water between the water level
2.2.L
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
measured and the total depth of the monitoring weIl. Thecasing volume will be calculated during each sanplingperiod, so that a consistent volume of standing water can
be rernoved prior to each sampling.
Low-Yield Fotmations
For low-yield fornations (which produce less than 1 gprn),
the well will be evacuated to dryness. Experience withthe installed Grundfos submersible purge. pumps
demonstrates that wells whieh produce less than 1 gpm arereadily evacuated to dryness. Wells which producegreater than 1 gpm are more difficult and uncertain in
evacuating and will be purged as described in Section2.2.L. Before any sampling, the well will be evacuated a
nininum of two times to gruarantee aII stagnant water has
been removed fron the well.
Purging and Sanpling Equipnent
Four and one-half inch monitoring weJ,ls less than 400feet deep will be equipped with a subnersible punp
dedicated to each monitoring well. Most monitoring wells
are between 75 and 400 feet in depth. The subnersible
punp will be used for purging these monitoring weIls. Agas displacement bladder punp will be used for samplingnonitoring wells A-1 through A-10, C-1 through C-8, wellsB-1, B-3 through B-10, and E-1 through E-9. Well E-10 isgreater than 400 feet deep, and it will be purged using a
pneumatic-operated tubing-vented piston punp. It will be
sanpled with a dedicated three-inch diameter teflonbailer. A Eubnersible punp will be used for sauplingnonitoring wells D-1 through D-5, because these wells
were not designed or built with gas displacement sauplingpunps. The D rells are not scheduled for any routine
sampling.
Nested l{ulti-Screened Well
Wells B-2 and F-2 consist of three two-inch inside-
diameter well casings nested within an eight-inch
diameter borehole. Each casing is screened at adifferent depth in the aguifer. Each casing is providedwith a dedicated 1 3/4 inch teflon bailer to obtain
samples for analysis. Purging is accomplished by using a
pneunatic-operated tubing-vented piston punp. Eachcasing shall be purged of three casing volumes prior tosanpling. Low-yield wells are purged twice to drynessprior to sampling. .The purge punp shall be rinsed priorto each use, as described in Attachment II.
2.3
2.3.L
2.3.2
2.3 .3
Placement of the Pump Intake
Because it is extremely inportant to uaintain the qualityof the ground water sample, location of the punp intakeis irnportant. There are three situations where placenent
of the punp intake will differ: high yield formations,
Iow yield formations, and when submersible purnps are usedin tandem with bladder Punps.
High-Yie1d Formations
In the [Dtr wells, where a pump is used to purge the well
and collect a sample, the pump intake is located at the
screened interval of the well. The flow pattern of the
water with the punp at the screened interval is locatedin Fignrre I. As the punping is initiated, the waterlevel in the well is drawn down until the different
components of flow are established in the well. Water
flows through the well screens from the surrounding
fonnation to the punp intake as well as removing someportion of the water stored in the casing above thescreen. After drawdown stabilizes in the well, water
comes entirely from the screened interval. Some stagnant
water may reuain in the well above the screensi
therefore, to avoid the iupact of any stagnant water inthe weII, sauples are collected only at the screenedinterval and only after pII, temperature, and specific
conductance have stabilized after purging the well.
Low-Yie1d Fomations
Ehe placement of the punp intake is not as critical as
low-yield formations. This is because these welIs will
be evacuated to drlmess prior to sampling and all
stagnant waters will be removed. The pumps will be
located in the screened interval with the submersible
pump being placed approximately five feet fron the
botton.
Submersible in Tandem with Gas Displacement Bladder Pumps
In nonitoring wells vith both submersible and gas
displacement bladder pumps, the placement of the intakesof both punps is very critical. For both high and low
recovery wells the bladder punp will be placed above the
subuersible punp. The subnersible wiII be placed towards
the bottom of the screen with the bladder pump's intake
being suspended about one foot above the submersiblepunp. (See Figrre V) .
To insure that the water sampled in high-yield fotmations
2.4
are representative of the aquifer, the stagnant water
between the two pumps must be purged. The volurue of
water ttrat exists between the two pumps is less than onegaLlon. To insure that this critical volume is well
purged the procedure in Section 2.3.1 will be followed.
In addition, the water from the bladder punp will also be
tested for the stabilization of the pH, teurperature, and
conductance readings.
In low-yieLd formations, the well will be evacuated to
drlmessi therefore, the placement of the. bladder and
submersible punps intake is not as critical.
Samplincr Procedure for Monitorino Wells
Each well will be sanpled using the procedures in
Attachnent II. These procedures will describespecifically the following steps for sampling the wells.
(1) Each well will be thoroughly purged before reroovinga sample
(21 Each well will have a dedicated gas displacenent
bladder or a submersible sanpling punp (saupling
purtrp) to nininize any cross contamination.
(3) The sampling pump will be operated to produce a
strearn of ground water. Before taking a sample, the
pH, specific conductance, and temperature will be
ueasured using portable neters. No sample will be
taken until the pH, conductance, and temperature hasstabilized. After three stabilized pH, conductance,
and teuperature readings have been uade, a sample
fron the punp will be put into an appropriate
container as discussed in Table f. The Sanple
Ilandling Procedures in Section 2.5.4 will be
(4)
followed.
lhe samples will be taken in the following order:
1) Volatiles2l Phenols3) Explosives4) Anionss) TDs5) Metals
(5) If sanples are being split, the sanples will be
taken directly froro the ground water uonitoringweIl. This process will be done in order touininize volatilization of sensitive organics.
2.5
2.5.L
2.5.2
Fie1d Oualitv Assurance and Contrgl Procrram
The field QA/QC program is set up to insure the integrityof the ground water samples durS.ng sanpling and shippingto the }aboratory. The field QA/QC will be overseen by a
Quality Assurance and Control officer.
Quality Assurance and Control Officer
A QA/QC officer has been appointed to oversee the Ground
Water QA/QC Plan, inplenent all phases of the Fieldquality Assurance and Control Program, and toperiodically audit the laboratory's QA/QC Program.
QA/QC officer will work with the sanpling staff andIaboratory's QA/QC officer to assure that the datacollected from the grround water is accurate. Figrure
shows the QA/QC responsibility chart and lists the
members of each staff. The QA/0C officers duties
include:
The
the
IV
1.Malcing sure that the Ground Water Sanpling Plan is
followed.
Making sure the contracted laboratory follows their
AA/AC PIan.
2.
3. Send spiked samples periodically to the contractedlaboratory to audit the QA/QC program.
Field and Trip Blanks
Field blanks, consisting of not less than ten percent ofthe total sanples, will be collected and stored with the
water samples. The field blank is to ensure that no
contanination of the sample occurs during shipping fronthe field to the laboratorY. This blank wilL consist of
a distilled water sample which will be analyzed for
constituents in Section 3.0.
The analysis of the Field B1ank will show one of thefollowing three occurrenceE s
1.No contamination. In the case where the
contamination level is below detection level ordrinking water standards, no reuedial action will be
necessary.
Low level contamination. In this case where the
contauination level is greater than an order of
nagrnitude when coupared to the field sanple results,the QA/QC officers from the laboratory and Thiokol
Corporation will discuss whether resampling of that
2.
3.
days wells will be necessary or if no renedialaction is needed.
High level contamination. fn the case where the
contami.nation rrlevels are withi.n an order of
nagnitude when compared to the field sanple resultsrr
and in Case 2 the QA/QC officer will review sampling
and I shipping practices and institute any changes
necessary to solve the contamination problen. HighIevel contanination will necessitate resampling ofthat days wells
2.5.3
sanpling plan for field blanks witl be followed.
Blind Controls and Spiking Sanples
Annually, the QA/QC officer will send a spiked sanple ora blind control to the laboratory to audit thelaboratorll's QA/QC program. A blind control and a spiked
sample both are samples with a known anount of solute ina solvent. The difference between a blind control and a
spiked sample is the following:
Blind Control - An unannounced spiked sanple sent tottre laboratory.
Spiked Sanple - An announced spiked sample sent tothe laboratory.
The amount of solution and in either case is not dirnrlgedto the laboratory. Table VI indicates the volume
necessary to spike the sample and the concentration ofthe component in the spiked solution. AII spikedsolutions uill be recorded in the Field Book with the
concentration added.
A spiked sample wiLl be sent first to the laboratory. Ifthe recovery is questionable then a blind control will besent to the laboratory.
A volatiles trip blank for each
be sent by the laboratory. The
insure that no contamination of
happened during shipping. Uponblank, the same procedures for
sampling period willtrip blanl< lrillthe sample hasanalysis of the tripcorrecting the
1)
2l
EPA 1985. RCRA Ground
Guidance Document. pp.
Water Monitoiint Technical
119
1.Enforcement
.o
The QA/QC offi.cer will review the spike or blind controlrecovery. If the spike or blind control recovery is outof line with the laboratory's surrogate spike and natrix
spike recoveries, the laboratory's QA/QC officer will be
contacted to see if the problen can be resolved. ff
unresolvable, a new laboratory will be contracted.
Sanp1e Handling
Sanpling equipment and technigues have bgen designed sothat the ground vater sanple is not contaminated oraltered in any way. A critical part of obtaining samplesis proper sample handling. Table I lists the proper
handling instructions for taking lfround water sanples.
A11 of these procedures will be followed for handling
ground water samples.
Alt samples requiring refrigeration will be packed in awater-proof container and packed with reusable freezerpacks to reduce temperature. All samples will be packedtightly with proper packing material. AIl samples willbe labeled and acconpanied by a laboratory request andchain of custody sheets.
Labeling Samples
All sanple containers will be labeled with the followinginformation:
2.5.4
2.5.5
2.5.6
1)
2)
3)
4)
s)
5)
Sampling date and time
Sample number
Name of person taking samples
Parameters to be analyzed in sample
Location of sampling point
Presen/ative added (if applicable)
FieLd Book
During each sa'npling period, the person sampling the
ground water wells will keep a field book into which allrelevant information regarding sanpling will be recorded.
The data must be entered in the book using pernanent ink.
The following infotmation wilt be entered into the field
book:
1) Signature and date of person(s) conducting the
sampling.
General weather conditions and approximate
temperature.
2l
I
I
3) Date and tine each well is sampled.
4) Sanple number and location of sample (i.e., well
nunber) .
5) Static water level in well.
6) Volume of a casing of water.
7l Flow rate and purge start and stop tj,mes.
8) pH, specific conductance, and tempeiature measured
during stabilization of well
9) Conductance and pH neter calibration date.
10) Any irregnrlarities in the saupling procedures or inthe conditions of the wells.
11) Any other infomation the sampler deems necessary or
important during sanpling.
2.5.7 Chain-of-Custody Control Procedures
All samples requiring off-plant analysis will becontrolled by chain-of-custody procedures. A11 sanplesthat are shipped off-site, uust be accompanied by a
chain-of-custody foru. This fom must be conpletelyfilled out, signed, and dated by the saupler. A copy ofthe form is found on Figure If .
All sanples will be sealed with a chain-of-custody sealto guarantee sample integrrity. An example of the seal is
found in Figrure .III. The seal must be signed, numbered,
and dated by the saropler. Care shall be taken to seal
each sample container witlr the seal. The seal should beplaced so that the container cap is sealed to the sample
container.
The containers will be placed in a lockable cold storagebox. This box will be in the possession of the person
charged with the custody of the sanples or the box will
be locked and placed in a secure place. Under no
circr:mstances will the box with the sanples be left
unlocked or unattended.
A copy of all the Chain-of-Custody forns will be reviewedfor accuracy and filed by the QA/QC officer.
2.5.8 Field Equipment Calibration Procedure
Before each quarterly sanpling of the ground water, the
o
pH meter and conductivity/temperature meter will becalibrated. Each meter is to be internally calibrated.
Before sanpling, the meters will have the internalcalibration tested with a known standardized solution.
The tenperature meter will be calibrated with a mercury
thermometer. If any differences arise, a calibratj.on
curve will be developed between the internal and external
standards. Before each well is sanpled, the meters will
be calibrated using the internal standard. Record of
these calibrations will be kept in the Fie1d Log Book.
Samnle Collection Schedule
The ground water conpliance and background rnonitoring
weLls will sampled seniannually. Four independent
samples will be obtained for each of these wells. Each
sanple will be analyzed for the parameters discussed inSection 3.0 of this plan. Other wells will be evaluated
semiannually, and sampled when Thiokol determines need,for selected but unspecified paraneters. Table V gives a
sanpling schedule used for each ground water nonitoringwell at M-136.
NIALYSIS OF GROI'ND ITATER SA}IPLES
Parameters
Compliance and background wells have been analyzedguarterly from 1988 till the present for the parauetersidentified in Table II. They have also been analyzed for
Appendix IX constituents for the years 1989, 1990, and1991. This has established a database for.hazardous'constituents in grroundwater. Testing has revealed that
there has been no release of Appendix IX constituents in
groundwater except for those constituents which areroutinely analyzed (quarterly in the past, and
semiannually beginning in L9921. The constituents for
which analyses have been conducted but not reported
include: dioxins and furans, organophosphate and
organochlorine pesticides, herbicides, polychlorinated
biphenols, cyanide, nitroglycerine, and HMK. Thiokol has
requested authorization fron the Utah DEQ to sample for
these constituents in the compliance and background wellsonly every three years. In addition, if acceptable,
constituents which have been reported in ground water orsoil but not at statistically significant levels (8ype 1errors) will be sanpled at annual intervals. These
include: base-acid-neutrals (semivolatiles), phenols, andnetals including nercury, si,lver, and lead. If any con-stituents are found during these analyses that are notlisted in Table fI, they will be added to this list.
2.6
3.0
3.1
3.2
4.0
4.L
All sanples will also be analyzed for the field waterguality parameters identified in Table IIf. Appendix fX
constituents will be analyzed instead of Appendix L
because of the streanlined nature and the ease of
analyzing the Appendix fX constituents as compared to
Appendix L constituents (a11 analyses will be approved
EPA nethods). Table V lists the frequency and parameters
each grround water nonitoring well will be analyzed forafter sampU.ng.
Laboratorv
AI1 sanples vil1 be analyzed by a State certj.fied
laboratory using EPA or State approved analytical
methods. Attachment III identifies the specific uethods
used for analysis of the parameters and also contains
laboratory quality assurance and control procedures forthe contracted labor.atory.
If the contracted laboratory is not State certified to doa specific analysis, the contracted laboratory will
subcontract a qualified laboratory to do the analysis.
PRESEIITATION At{D INTERPRETATTON OF N{ALYTICAL RESITLTS
Purpose and Scope
40 CFR 265.93 states that the assessment prograu uust be
capable of deteruining the following:
1) I{hether hazardous waste or hazardous waste
constituents entered the grround water;
2, The rate and e:<tent of nigrration of hazardous wasteor hazardous waste constituents in the ground water;
and
3) The concentrations of hazardous waste or hazardous
waste constituehts in the ground water.
The logical presentation of analytical results aids inthis detennination and in the clarification of theseguidelines, The data nay be presented in three formats:
- Listing of data
- Sunmary statistics tables
.- Graphic analysis of data
A clear pthe intinterpret
water flo
deteminaprovide a
esentation of the analytical data will aid inretation of the analytical results. Propertion of the results will help determine ground
rates and directions. Although thision rnay not provide accurate detail, it can
good estimation.
itted annually to the Utah DEQ r^rill includeical data and statistical analysis of data.report was submitted to the State of Utahto the schedule presented in the document
submitted inwith the Consent Agreement entered into byrporation and the State of Utah. This reportrsalso discussed in the Consent Agreement
and the Consent Agreement. Ano the was subnitted to the
4.2
4.3
4.3.1
Reports
Reports s
raw analy
The first
accordingtitled !{-
accordancThiokol C
content i
document.
The eport was submitted to the State of Utahin Janua 1988, as outlined in M-136 Burning Area
a
addendum
T'BSIil{ iNin May, 1April 19e
The anal
laborato
manipulati
ay
90,
1989. A Second interim Report was submitted
and the 1991 fnterim Report was submitted
A11 the1ist.
monitori
from samthe foII
ical results received from the contractednilI be placed on a computer for easy data
on and presented in the following manner:
llected monitoring data will be presented ins list will be presented according towell and will include all of the data producedling the monitoring well. The list will includeing data:
Ground water contaminant constituents
Monitorirq well number
Date sample was taken
Concentration of constituent
Units
o Laboratory detection linits
Statistical Analvsis
Statistical analysis shall be perfotmed as
the Second Interin Repott.
4.3.2
outlined in
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ETGIIRE I
FIGURE II
CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD
o*"
Strtroa Locauon
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Rcquircd
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FIGURE IiI
CIIAIN-OF-CUSTODY SEAI.S
CUSTODY SEAL Euergreen Analytical. Inc.
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SIGNATURE
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FIGI.IRE TV
QA lQC RESPONSTBTLTTY CHART
THIOKOL CORPORATTON
UTA}I-BASED OPERATIONS
QA lac oFFrcER
P. V. HANCOCK
Thiokol Corporation Araerican West Analytical
Ground Water Samplers* QA/QC OfficerD. L. Covington Craig Rhodes
P. V. HancockJ. C. HolladayJ. A. HollingsworthA. F. Walker
* Current Sanpling Staff as of 26 February L992
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TABLE TI
I{-136 GROT'ND WATER MONITORING PARNIETERS
ur samples from each conpliance well will be analyzed for the following
ce per year (serniannuallY)
DETECTTON
LIMfT (uqrllCONSTTTUENT
Acrolein
Acrylonitrile
Acetone
Benzene
Bromodichloromethane
Bromoform
Bromomethane
Carbon Disulfide
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
2 -Ch I or o ethy Iv iny lether
Chloroform
Chloroemethene
Dibromochloromethane
1, l-Dichloroethane
L , 2-Dichloroethane
1, l-dichloroethene
-frans- L , 2-Dichloroethene
O':?:;11?Hfi:ffi13n",,"
Trans - 1, 3 -D ichloropropene
Ethyl Benzene
F luor otr i ch I oromethane
2-Hexanone
MEK (2 Butanone)
Methylene Chloride
4 Methyl-l-Pentonone
Pyridine
Styrene
1, 1 ,2 ,Z-TetrachlorethaneTetrachloroethene
Toluene
1, 1, l-Trichloroethane
1, 1, Z-Trichloroethane
TrichloroetheneVinyl AcetateVinyl chloride
Tota1 Xylenes
I,ABORATORY
Anerican West
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
Anerican West
American West
American West
American West
American l{est
American l{est
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
American west
American l{est
American West
Anerican West
American West
American l{est
American l{est
Anerican West
American l{est
American West
American West
Anerican West
American West
American West
American West
METHOD
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8244
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8244
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8244
EPA 8244
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
EPA 8244
EPA 8240
EPA 8240
00
5
5
5
10
5-5
5
10
10
5
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
50
00
5
50
10
5-5
5
5
5
5
5
50
10-5
I,ABORATORY
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
American West
Anerican West
I,ABORATORY
TABLE IT (coNT. )
EPA
It{ETHOD
206.2 gaseous hydride
200.7 ICP
200.7 rcP
200'_7 ICP
200.7 ICP
2OO,7 ICP
200.7 rcP
20a.7 ICP
EPA
METHOD
Ion specific electrode
fon Chromatography
fon Specific ElectrodeIon Chromatography
DETECTION
LIMIT(uq/1\O srrruENr
MetaIs
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Chromium
fron
Manganese
Tin
Z inc
CONSTITUENT
--eIrErt
Ahurronia ( asNitrate (as
Perchlorate
SuIf ate
Other
TDS
10
1
5
5
2
1
50
3
DETECTION
LIUTT(ucrrI)
N)
N)
American
American
American
American
West
West
West
West
350. 1
353
300
375..4
0. 01
0. 005
0.7
5
ng/ I
ng/ I
ng/ I
mg/ I
American West 160.1 10 ng/ I
TABLE III
FIELD WATER OUALITY I.TONITORTNG PARAMETERS
pH
Specific Conductance
Temperature
TABLE IV
ABBREVIATED APPENDTX TX
Annual Sanpling Parameters
(one sample per compliance well per year will be analyzed for the
following)
ANALYTTCAL PARAMETERS
Semivolatile Organics
Phenols
ADD ITI ONAL AI.IALYTI CAL PARA!,TETERS
MetaIs
Aluminun
Calciun
Iron
Lead
Magnesiun
Manganese
Mercur1r
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Anion
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,o
PROCEDURE FOR SA},IPLING GROT'ND WATER
MONTTORING WELLS
This is a Supplement to the Ground Water Sanpling
and Analysis Plan Prepared February L992
Prepared By:J. C. Holladay
Environmental Engineering
o
STEP 1
STEP 2
STEP 3
STEP 4
STEP 5
STEP 5*
STEP 7
STEP 8
PROCEDURE FOR SA},IPLTNG FOT.IR INCH DIAMETER
GROUND WATER MONITORTNG WELLS
LESS THAN 4OO FEET DEEP
Prepare the field book with the infornation found in
Attachrnents I and III and check batteries on M-Scope,
pH neter, and conductance met,er. Check equipment list
and ensure all equipruent is available for sampling andin working order. Prepare Laboratory Work Requestsfor in-house laboratorY.
If the in-house laboratory is used, the bottles shouldbe washed and dried per sampling plan. If bottles arebeing used from an outside laboratory, bottle cleaning
may not be necessary. Prelabel all bottles.
Calibrate pH and conductance meters per sampting plan
before going into the field. Record tirne and date ofcalibration.
Take water Ievel measurement with M-Scope. Insertprobe down the drop pipe and take measurements fromthe top of the well cap to the nearest 0.01 foot.
Record measurement.
Calculate height of water column by subtracting thewater level from the total well depth. Recordcalibration.
Connect airlines from the nitrogen tanl< to thecontroller and from the controller to the bladder
pump.
Set up pH and conductance meters in field near out-flow of well.
If sampling a rtDrr series well, thoroughly wash va1ve,
elbow, and discharge pipe with water. After washingwith normal tap water, rinse all equipnent withdistilled water. Wdsh valve very thoroughly (D WeIl
Sampling Only).
Attach valve, elbon, and discharge pipe to the punp
drain pipe.
STEP 9
STEP ].0
STEP 11
STEP L2
STEP 13
STEP L4
STEP ].5
STEP 15
STEP L7 rc
Plug punp into generator. Be sure generator is fuIlof gasoline before starting. Start generator and thenstart pump. Record tine pumping begins.
Take measurements of pH, temperature, andconductivity. Record the tine of each sample and each
parameter measured.
Using a fLow meter or a 5 galIon bucket and a stop
watch, record the flow rate. To measure'flow with a
bucket and stopwatch, take and record the time ittakes to fill the 5 gallon bucket. Record the time.
Repeat this procedure as necessary (anytine flow
appears to be changing).
Use Graph #t to estinate the flow rate from Step L2.
Record these estimat,es.
Use the water column height, flow rate estimate, and
Graph #2 to estinate the required tine to purge three
casing volumes of water from the we1I. Record purgetine estimate.
NOTE: For low-yield weIls Step 74 is not necessary
since the well will be pumped to dryness. Record
purge tine and flow rate. Allow at least 15 to 30
minutes for recovery and evacuate the well again.
Allow another recovery period to pass.
Begin removing samples from outflow and take
measurements of pH, tenperature, and conductivity.
Record the tine of each sanple and each parameter
neasured
Continue taking pH, tenperature, and conductivity
measurements until three consistent readj.ngs have been
taken -- +.01 pH units and'no change in the
temperature and conductivity over three readings.
Stop submersible punp if total purge tine from Step 13
has elapsed. Record tirne pump was stopped.
Start bladder pump.
started.
STEP 18't Record the time the pump hras
,rZ.
STEP 19*
STEP zo)c
STEP 2l.*
STEP 22
STEP 23
STEP 24
Measure discharge cycle of bladder pump.
length of time of the cycle o
Record
Measure the volume of discharge at least 3 tines witha 500 urL graduated cup. Use Graph #3 to estimate theflow rates. Record these estimates.
Repeat Steps 15 and 16 t/ith the bladder pump's
discharge.
Begj,n taking samples for analysis after these twothings occur:
1. pH, temperature, and conductance measurementsare consistent -- + 0.01 pH units and no
change in the temperature and conductivity
over three readingrs.
Tota1 purge time from Step 13 has elapsed.
Take the samples in the following order:
1. Volatiles 3. Explosives2. Phenols 4. Anions
5. TDS6. Met,als
Submersible - To take sanples, restrict flow from wellwith valve to approxinately 1 I/nin. lleasure thisflow with graduated saurple container and stop watch atleast three tines. When filling volatile organie,s
sample bottles, care must be taken to nininizeaeration of the sanple and that no air bubbles are inthe sample. Record tine samples are talcen and flowrate used when taking volati.Ie organic samples.
* Bladder - To take volatile organic samples, restrictthe flow to 100 mI/nin using Graph #3 to get the
appropriate volume per discharge needed for the
measured cycIe. Care must be taken to nininizeaeration of the sanple and that no air bubbles are inthe sample. The fl.ow rate can then be increased t,o a
maximum of 500 ml/nin for the rest of the samples.
Record time samples are taken and flow rate used whentaking volatile organic sample.
After samples are taken, take another measurement ofthe flow rate and take a sample for field neasurernentof pH, temperature, and conductivity. Turn off
sampling punp and record time punping stops.
STEP 25
STEP 26
STEP 27 )c
STEP 28
Remove valves, elbow, and discharge pipe. Replaceplug in purnp drain down pipe. Replace weII cap and
secure the lock.
Disconnect airlines from bladder punp, controller, and
nitrogen tank before replacing well cap and securingthe lock.
Repeat these procedures
water monitoring weIIs.
Omit these steps if well
pumP-
for sampling all'the ground
doesn't contain a bladder
,o 1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
].
Vari,es
2
1
1
].
1
1
1
Varies
Varies
].
2
1
].
LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR MONTTORING
M-Scope water level meter
pH meter
Conductance, temperature meter
Valve for throttling flow
One liter sgueeze bottles
1 gal. regular tap water
Elbow
Discharge pipe
44O V generator
Field Book
Procedures for sampling
Samp1e bottles ior each well (quantity for each well)
Sampling cups (graduated cups)
5 ga1. bucket for measuring fl.ow rate or flow meter
Stop watch or flow neter
Keys to well caps
Extension Cord
Tool box with wrenches and screw drivers
Box di,sposable gloves
Insulated coolers for sampling
Tank of nitrogen
Bladder pump controller
Ai.r hoses
Gas can for generator
Measuring tape
,o
PROCEDT'RE FOR SAI{PLING TWO INCH DIAI,TETER NESTED
GROUND WATER I{ONITORING WELLS
Prepare the field book with the infornation found in
Attachurents I and IfI and check batteries on M-Scope,
pH neter, and conductance meter. Check equipment list
and ensure all eguipnent is available for saurpling andin working order. Prepare Laboratory Work Requestsfor in-house laboratory.
Have laboratory wash sanpling bottles. Bottles should
be washed and dried per sampling plan. If bottles arebeing shipped from an outside laboratory, bottle
cleaning may not be necessary. Pre1abe1 all bottles.
STEP 1
STEP 2
STEP 3
STEP 4
STEP 5
STEP 5
STEP 7
STEP 8
Calibrate pH
before going
calibration.
Remove bailer
steeJ-/teflon
and conductance meters per sampling planinto the fie1d. Record tine and date of
from weI1, coiling stainless
cable on clean plastic sheet.
Take water level measurement with M-Scope. Insertprobe down the drop pipe and take measurements fromthe top of the well cap to the nearest 0.01 foot.
Record measurement.
Calculate height of water column by subtracting the
water level fron the total weII depth. Record
calculation.
Connect airlines from the nitrogen tank to the
pneumatic punp.
Pump two discharge tubing volumes of tap water throughpump. One tubing volume is 7.5 gallons (per 330 feetlength). Pump will be used only for purging and wiIInot contact sample.
Thoroughly wash pump and tubing bundle with water.
This must be done between each sampling. After
washing with normal tap water, rinse all equi.pnentwith distilled water.
STEP 9
STEP 10
STEP 11
STEP L2
STEP 13
STEP L4
STEP 15
STEP 16
STEP L7
Insert punp into well until electronic indicatorcontacts ground water. Insert puurp five addj.tionalfeet.
Set up pH and conductance meters in field near outfLowof welI.
Take measurements of
conductivityo Record
parameter measured.
pH, t€mperature, andthe time of each sample and each
Record the flow rate from the flow meter.
Use the water column height, and the fl.ow rateestimate, to estimate the required tiure to purge threecasing volumes of water fron the weIl. Record purge
ti.me estimate.
NOTE: For low-yie1d welIs, Step 14 is not necessarysince the well will be pumped to dryness. Allow atleast 15 to 30 ninutes for recovery and evacuate thewell again. A1low another recovery period to pass.
Begin removing sanples from outflow and take
measurements of pH, ternperature, and conductivity.
Record the tine of each sample and each parameter
measured. Rinse the sampling container between
samples thoroughly with distilled water.
Continue taking ptt, temperature, and conductivity
neasurements until three consistent readj.ngs have been
taken -- +.01 pH units and no change in the
t,emperature and conductivity over three readings.
When the following two requirements have occurred, turnoff the pneumatic punp and remove it from the well:
1) pH, temperature, and conductance measurement areconsistent -- +0.01 pH units and no change in the
temperature and conductivity over three readj.ngs.
2) Tota1 purge tine from Step L4 has elapsed.
Place the bailers back in the well and collectsanples. Take the sanples in the following order:
STEP 18
O
APPENDD( C
SOL SAI\{PLING METHODS
1.1
1.0
L.2
1.3
APPU\IDIX C
SOIL SA]VIPLING METHODS
SOIL SAIVIPLING WIIII A SHO\TEL A]\[D SCOOP
Discussion
The simplest, most dircct method of collecting soil samples'for subsequent
analysis is with the use of a shovel and scoop. A normal lawn or garden
shovel can be utilized to remove the top cover of soil to the required depth and
then a smaller stainless steel scoop can be used to collect the sample.
Uses
This method can be used in most soil tSpes but is limited somewhat to
sampling the near surface. Samples from depths greater than 50 cm become
extremely labor intensive in most soil t5pes. Very accurate, rqxesentative
samples can be collected with this procedure depending on the care and
precision demonstrated by the technician. The use of a flat, pointed mason
trowel to cut a block of the desired soil will be of aid when undisturbed
profiles ale required. A stainless steel scoop or lab E oon will suffice in most
other applications (see Appendix E Section 4.0). Care should be exercised to
avoid the use of devices plated with chrcme or other materials. Plating is
particularly common with garden implements such as potting trowels.
Procedures for Use
1. Calefully remove the top layer of soil to the desired sample depth with a
shovel.
2. Using a stainless steel scoqr or trowel collect the desired quantity of soil.
3. Transfer sample into an appropriate sample botfle with a stainless steel lab
spoon or equivalent.
Check that a Teflon liner is present in the cap if required. Secure the cap
tightly. The chemical preseruation of solids is generally not
recommended. Refrigeration is usually the best approach supplemented by
a minimal holding time.
Label the sample botfle with the appropriate sample tag. Be sure to label
the tag carcfully and clearly, addressing all the categories or pammeters.
Complete all chain-of-custody documents and record in the field log book.
4.
5.
6. Place the properly labeled sample bottle in an apprcpriate carrying
2.0
2.L
2.2
2.3
container maintained at 4'C throughout the sampling and tranqportation
period.
7. Deliver the sample to the laboratory for analysis. Be sure that all chain-
of-custody documents are properly signed during the transfer.
ST]BST]RFACE SOLID SA]VIPLING WTIE AUGER. AI\D TEIN.WALL
TT]BE SAIVIPLER,
Discussion
This system consists of a hollow auger bit, a series of drill rods, and a 'Tu
handle (see Appendix E Section 3.0). The auger bit is used to bore a hole to
the desired sampling depth and then withdrawn. The auger tip is cleaned and
then is placed back into the hole where the sample is to be taken. The auger
bit is then withdrawn and the sample collected.
Uses
This system can be used in a wide variety of soil conditions. It can be used to
sample both frrom the surface, by simply driving the corer without preliminary
boring, or to depths in excess of 6 meters. The presence of rock layers and
the collapse of the borehole, however, usually prohibit sampling at depths in
excess of 2 meters. Interchangeable cutting tips on the corer reduce the device
during removal from the borehole.
Procedures for Use
1. Attach the auger bit to a drill rod extension and further attach the "T"
handle to the drill rod.
Clear the area to be sampled of any surface debris (twigs, rocls, litter). It
may be advisable to remove the first 8 to 15 cm of surface soil for an area
approximately L5 cm in radius around the drilling location.
Begin drilling, periodically removing accumulated soils. This prevents
accidentally bnrshing loose material back down the borehole when
removing the auger or adding drill rods.
4. After reaching desired depth, slowly and carefully rcmove auger from
boring.
5. Clean the auger tip by removing the soils and rinsing the bit with distilled
water.
6. Carefully lower auger bit down borehole. Gradually force auger bit into
2.
3.
soil. Care should be taken to avoid scraping the borehole sides.
Hammering of the drill rods to facilitate coring should be avoided as the
vibrations may cause the boring walls to collapse.
7. Remove auger bit and unscrcw drill rods.
8. Remove corp from device.
g. Transfer sample into an apprcpriate sample bottle with h stainless steel lab
qpoon or equivalent.
10. Check that a Teflon liner is present in the cap if required. Secure the cap
tighfly. The chemical preserrration of solids is generally not
recommended. Refrigeration is usually the best approach supplemented by
a minimal holding time.
11. Label the sample bottle with the appropriate sample tag. Be sure to label
the tag carefully and clearly, addressing all the categories or parameters.
Complete all chain-of-custody documents and record in the field log book.
12. Place the properly labeld sample botfle in an appropriate carrying
container maintained at 4"C throughout the umpling and tranqportation
period.
13. Deliver the sample to the laboratory for analysis. Be sure that all chain-
of-custody documents arc prcperly signed during the transfer.
APPENDD( D
QUALTTY CONTROL PLAr{ FOR
E ALLABORATORY
THIOKOL CORPORATION
LAMPO JT]NCTION
P.O. BOX 707
BRIGHAM CITY, UTAH 84302-0707
RESEARCH AND DE\TELOPMENT LABORATORIES
LABORATORY SERVICES DEPARTMENT
TIIIOKOL EIWIROhIMEhTTAL LABORATORY
QUALITY ASSURAI{CE PLAN
April 2, 1992
Prepared by:
Dennis J. Fife/Jerry 'W. Jensen
Approved by:
Frank E. Bares, Supervisor
Environmental I-aboratory Environmen I:boratory
ity Control
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pase
1.0 INTRODUCTION ...1
2.0 LABORATORYOBIECTIVE ....1
3.0 ORGANIZATION ...1
3.1 QualityControlofficer ....1
4.0 QUALTTYASSTTRANCE... ....2
4.1 The objective of this Quality Assurance Plan . . . . . . .2
4.2 Authorization.. ....2
4.3 Specific data quality objectives . . . .2
4.4 Frovidingtraceability .....2
4.5 A manul of Standard Operating Procedurcs . . . .2
5.0 SAMPLINGPROCEDURES .....2
5.1 GeneralRequirements.. ...2
5.2 SampleConainersandPreservation... ......3
5.3 SampleAccountability... ......3
5.3.1 Samples. . .. ...3
5.3.2 Chain of Custody Samples. . . . . 3
6.0 AI{ALYTICALPROCEDI.'RES ...3
7.0 CALTBRATTONPROCEDTJRESAT{DFREQLTENCY .. ...4
8.0 DATA REDUCTION, VALIDATION AND REPORTING . . . 4
8.1 DaaReduction. ....4
8.2 Data Review ud Reporting. . . . . .5
9.0 TNTERNALQUALTTYCONTROLCTTECKS ......5
9.1 FieldChecks ......5
9.2 Duplicate Analysis . . .5
9.3 SpikedAnalysis .....5
9.4 Surrogates ....6
9.5 Calibrationstandards .....6
9.6 InternalStandards. ...6
9.7 Blanks ......6
9.8 Quality Conrol Charts. . . . .6
9.9 Quality Conr,ol Samples. . . .6
9.10 SplitSamples ......6
PagE
1O.O PERFORMANCE AI.IDMS AND SYSTEM AT'DITS . . . . . .7
10.1 InternalAudits .....7
L0.2 ExternalPerformanceAudits .....7
10.3 SystemAudits ......7
12.0 ASSESSMENT OF DATA PRECISION AIYD ACCT'RACY. . . . . . 7
13.0 CORRECTI\TEACTION ...8
13.1 CorrectiveActionlnitiationRequirements... ......8
13.1.1 Daily data assessment . . . 8
L3.1.2 Performanceaudis .....9
13.1.3 Systemaudits ....9
13.1.4 Comparisonstudies .....9
,3 2#i+'H1f#i:;1r;: li:":: : : : : : : : : : : :,.,. : : : : : : : : ;
13.2.2 Check of the method blank . . . . 9
L3.2.3 Check of instrument performance . . . . 9
L3.2.4 Checkofsandardpreparation ......9
L3.2.5 Checkofsandards... ......9
13.2.6 Review of raw data. . . . .9
13.3 l:boratorySupendsor/Audits. ....9
13.4 ImplementationControl ....9
14.0 QUALITY CONTROL REPORTS
15.0 ORGAI{IZATIONCIIART .....11
16.0 CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD 12
a...oa....... o a. a a a..... a9
ii
1.0
THIOKO L EI{'VIROIYMENTAL LABORATORY
QUALITY ASSI]RANCE PLAI\I
INTRODUCTION
Thiokol Environmenal l:boratory provides the technical expertise needed to service the
informational and environmental analytical needs of Thiokol Corporation. The reference to
'the laboratory' refers specifically to the organization as outlined in this document as the
Thiokol Environmental I:boratory. Daa produced by the laboratory are used in a number
of programs and satisfy various purposes. The reliability of the
laboratory is of the utmost importance to all custome$.
provided by the
This quality assurance plan provides a structure that will produce data that are rcliable and
pertinent to the needs of the customer. This document is written as a general guideline or
rcsource. Specific areas that may need to be addressed in more deail arc written in
laboratory/operating procedures. Attention o all of these elements is essential and integral
to successfully generating data of high quality. This plan addresses general quality control
measures and the documentation and assessment of quality control. The periodic evaluation
of the laboratory operations and the integratiori of a quality control philosophy will lead to
confidence in our ability to supply daa of the highest caliber.
LABORATORY OBIECTIVE
The laboratory provides analytical support for Thiokol Corporation's environmenal testing
and sampling. The primary objective is to develop and implement procedures for sample
receiving, chain-of-custody, sample preparation, laboratory analysis, data validation, &d
reporting that will provide data that supports all aspects of Thiokol Corporation's
envircnmenal efforu.
ORGANIZATION
Figure 1 shows the organizational strucnue of the Thiokol Environmenal Iaboratory.
Individuals assigned to specific areas of the laboratory are responsible for ensuring that dl
quality control requirements are accomplishd in a timely and effective manner. The
laboratory has a diverse inventory of instruments and equipment and is capable of performing
a variety of tess. Thiokol's Industrial Hygiene I aborabry is dso available o provide
analytical expertise.
Oualiw Control Officer
To ensure that the laboratory achieves all quality iutsunxnce (QA) objectives, the Quality
Control Officer monitors and directs the quality activities of the laboratory. He acts in strict
ilre
data
O-.0
3.0
3.1
4.0
4.1
adhercnce to the procedures urd requirements stated in the Quality Assurance Plan. The
Qualiry Control Officer is responsible for implementing and recommending measures to
ensurc the fulfillment of the qudity ilssutance objectives of management. He directs the
Quality Conrol program in the most effrcient and economical manner commensurate with
ensuring continuing accuracy urd precision of data. He should irct on his own initiative in
developing new ideas and in advising laboratory personnel in the maintenance of an efEcient
quality control program.
The Quality Control Officer works under the supervision of the Environmenal l:boratory
Manager. Quality control protocol is established by the Manager following consultation with
the Laboratory Supenisor and the QC OfEcer. The QC Officer receives general instnrctions
concerning assignments urd program activities and objectives directly from the Iaboratory
Manager and repors progress and deails problems to the Manager in periodic conferences
and by written quarterly reports. The QC Officer monitors laboratory activities to determine
compliance with authorized quality control policy, and, in conjunction with the kboratory
Murager, implements appropriate steps to il$ure adherence to qudity ilssurance pro$ams.
QUALITY ASSURANCE OBIECTryES
The objective of this Quality Assurance Plur is to provide guidelines for the performance of
work in the laboratory that will ensure the generation of data that meets environmental
requirements. Quality requirements are expressed in terms of accuracy utd precision.
Authorization to routinely perform new or modified methods must be grven by the Qtrality
Control Officer to ensure that all criteria for qudity and documentation have been met.
Specific data quality objectives for accuracy, precision, and completeness for each
measurement parameter are to be addressed in individual methods.
Providing traceability of all test results and documentation of quality control measurements
is of the utmost importance.
A manual of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) will be maintained to addrcss specific
deails of procedures. SOP numbering wiU be numbered with a QC prefu and start with
number 101. SOP-101 will conain a list of current authorized procedures routinely
performed by the laboratory.
SAI\{PLING PROCEDT]RES
General Requiremens
Thiokol Environmental Iaboratory normally does no sampling. Environmental sampling
prccedures are the responsibility of the using organizations and should be addressed in their
respective quality iursumnce plurs. Samples must accuately r€present the mat€rial to be
O +'z
4.3
4.4
4.5
5.0
5.1
C'
5.3.1
5.2
5.3.2
tested, be small enough to be safely handled during the laboratory testing pr@ess, and must
be stored and handled in a manner which will mainain the integrity of the pammeter(s) or
analyte(s) of interest.
Sample Containers and Preservation
It is important to consider the tpe of container and/or packaging appropriate to the analysis
required. Consultation with the analyst is highly rpcommended to minimize this problem.
All containers must have labels or places for labeling and be clearly identified. Samples
requiring special handling and storage must be identified by the originator on the controlling
documents as they move into the system. Some samples will require immediate uralysis
because of chemical reactions started prior to sampling or stability considerations of the
andyte(s) or pararneter(s) of interest. Samples with limited shelf-life or which requirc speciat
storage must be identified. Sampling procedures should be addrcssed in the written
procedures for a given analysis if the laboratory is to be directly involved in the sampling
process.
Most samples are immediately placed in cold storage at 4'C until analyzed. Specific
preservation procedures are addressed in individual methods. Sample preservation is
accomplished in accordance with those written procedures included with the methods listed
in SOP-101.
Samole Accountabiliw
Samples are normally received at M-9B, wherc they are logged into the system. Samples are
submitted with a completed Laboratory Work Request (L\IR). The validity of the work
order is verified, the work is scheduled, and the sample is stored until it is moved to the
laboratory for testing. In those cases where samples require chain-of-custody records, the
samples will be mainained in secured storage and transferred to the analyst. The analyst
records the LWR number and the date of assignment. The analyst is reqponsible for the
sample integrity until the analysis is completed.
Chain of Custodv Samoles
When chain-of-custody documentation is required by the using organization, the Chain of
Custody Form shown in Appendix A should be used or an appropriate form should be
supplied by the requester. Ensuring the integrity of the chain of custody samples is of the
utmost import. The number of individuals handling the sample must be kept O a minimum.
Samples will be returned to the using organization unless otherurise directed by the user. In
order for the laboratory to demonstrate the reliability of its evidence for enforcement action,
it must be able to prove the controlled possession of samples from receipt to discard.
d'
7.0
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
A list of the approved analytical methods performed by the Thiokol Environmenal I-aboratory
is given in SOP-101. The list includes the published method references and applicable
analytes or analyte classes. Any deviations to the published methods will be written iN an
attachment to the method urd be indicated in the methods list. All deviations must be
approved by the laboratory supervisor and quality contnol officer. New methods develo'ped
by the laboratory must be evaluated by qudity control with a specific quality plan for initial
qualification and continuous quality control. All Thiokol Environmenal I:boratory methods
must be approved by the Manager, Supervisor, ud Quality Control OfEcer. Quatity control
requirements beyond those specified in the published methods are presented in SOP-101.
CALIBRATION PROCEDT'RES AND FREQI'ENCY
Quality assurance begins with the use of proper calibration procedures. Calibration standards
shall be processed with every sample set, if applicable. Instnrment calibration will be
accomplished daily (with each run) in accordance with written analytical procedures and the
instnrment manufacturer's instnrctions. Calibration standards will be prepared and checked
in accordance with written analyticat procedures. An Instnrment Log is to be mainained with
each instnrment. The instrument logs conain entries for the date, time, analyst, LWR
number, and comments on parameter or performance. All maintenance or changes to the
instrument are recorded in the instnrment log. When an instnrment malfunction occurs and
the problem is not readily corrected, the Iaboratory Supervisor is notified. If it is detErmined
that a visit by a service representative is required, a service call is coordinated. Action by
the service representative is recorded in the Instrument [og.
Thermometer, balurces, pressure indicators, and other instruments so labeled are calibrated
by the Thiokol Metrology Department. Portable items are delivered to metrology, non-
portable items arc calibmted on location. Merology tracks each calibrated item and assures
calibration testing is conducted according to schedule. Metrology traces each calibration to
ANSI approved standards. Metrology initiates corrective action(s) whenever a instrument is
found to be out-of-tolerance.
Refrigerators used for sample storage will have a daily log of recorded temperatues.
DATA REDUCTION, VALIDATION AND REPORTING
Data Reduction
Mathematical models, based on the analysis of standard solutions or samples, are generated
in order to determine the quantity of uralyte present in the samples. Considerable time and
effort is saved by the utilization of automated data processing procedures. The computer data
process includes calculations, generation of sundard calibration cuneli, mathematical
modeling of sundard curyes, statistical uralyses, and the generation of hard copy output.
8.0
8.1
8.2
9.0
9.1
9.2
Advantages intrinsic to the use of an automated system include more accurate calculations,
immediate and accurate generation of the data plots, fewer ranscription etron, and no
calculation erors after programs have been verified and documented.
A computer system has been developed which allows the analyst to obtain timely evaluation
of results obtained for QC samples. This system provides each analyst with the capability
of entering results for QC samples directly into an appropriate computer file and receiving
an immediate evaluation of the daa. The data are evaluated with respect to both accurlcy
and precision. The status of the QC data is flagged as in-centrol or out-of control
immediately following data entry. If the status of the QC sample daa is out-of-control, the
analyst must request the Quality Conrol OfEcer to evaluate the status and determine any
corrective action that may be necessary.
Data Review and Reporting
Each analyst calculates his rcsults and prepares a report of the results. Results for quality
control samples and replicated samples are reported on the QC Control Charts as applicable.
Before the results are submitted to the QC Officer, the cheririst assigned to the particular
analysis verifies the rcsults and checks for possible transcription or calculation eron.
Following the QC Officer's evaluation of the datra, the report is sent to the customer. The
paper work containing the raw daa for a sample set (calibration curves, recorder/computer
readouts, tables of data, etc.) are collected and attached with the LWR to be sent to archives.
Each analyst maintains a bound laboratory notebook in which events related to sample
analyses are detailed. The papenvork conaining the raw daa will reference the analysts's
notebook for ury unusual occurrences and other pertinent information.
INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL CHECKS
Field Checks
Quality control field checks will be conducted by, urd are the responsibility of the using
organization.
Duolicate Analvsis
All parameters for which analysis has been requested will conain duplicate anaiysis at the
5 percent level. These daa will be documented as precision on quality control charts for
each parameter. A quantification for instnrment precision and analysis precision strould be
available for all techniques used.
d'
9.4
Spiked Analysis
All inorganic and representative orguric panmete$ compatible to spiking, for which analysis
has been requested, will be spiked at the 5 percent level. These data will be documented as
accufircy (percent recovery) on quality control charts for each pararneter. For samples not
compatible to spiking, a standard sample will be run and analyzed as a sample with the data
documented as percent recovery.
Surrogates
Surrogate andyses will be accomplished in accordance with approved methods. Acceptimce
criteria will be established for all surrogates in terms of percent rccovery.
Calibration Standards9.5
9.6
9.8
9.9
Data from prepared standards will be documented on
"standards" for each pararneter. Calibration standards wifl
dance with the approved methodology for all parameters.
Internal Standards
Internal standards will be used during GC and/or
compatible with the analyses and methodology being
Blanks
quality control charts tabeled
be prepared and used in accor-
GC/MS analyses whenever they
employed.
Blanls will be used, as appropriate, during parameter analysis o determine zero or
background levels.
Oualiw Control Charts
-
Quatity control daa will be kept for routinely analyzed parameters and will include sanaarO,
precision, and accuracy statements. The mean, relative sandard deviation of error, and
method detection limit (as applicable) will be calculated. The method detection limit (MDL)
will be defined as the concentration that produces an instnrment response equal to.the
background response plus three times the sandard deviation. Detection limic will be
determined by using EPA approved methodology.
Ouality Control Samples
Quality
control
wiil be
control samples will be provided for routinely analyzed parameters by the quality
officer. These samples will be used to verify working standard curyes, and the data
documented on quality control charts for each parameter. Quality control blind
samples wiU be submitted at the 5 percent level.
O.10
10.0
10. 1
L0.2
10.3
Split Samples
Split samples will be used when necessary for quality control comparison between analyss
within the laboratory and for quality comparison of resuls from other laboratories whenever
the oppornrnity arises. Samples split in the field will be the responsibility of the using
organization.
PERFORMANCE AI]DMS AI{D SYSTEM AIIDITS
The r aboratory Services Department wiil participate in performance evaluation audits, both
internal and external, in a sufficient qnantity to ensure the rcliability of data quality.
Internal Audits
The Quality Control Officer shall conduct periodic audits of analyses or phases of analyses
which are representative of the work routinely performed. fui internal audit will be
conducted at least quarterly. Inspections should include direct observation of analysts as they
perform the various phases of an analysis. The inspection should also ensure that the nritten
methods are followed, and should include rcview of notebooks, reagent preparation daa,
calibrations, sandardizations, maintenance of equipment, quality control records, and
computer operations. Direct observation may be used, although traceability audis (auditing
by ansuring that an accurate paper trail exists) are also appropriate.
A review of any significant problems will be held with the analysts and the laboratory
supervisor.
External Performance Audits
The laboratory will panicipate in external performance audits, where available, urd within
the time constrains of the workload. Performance evaluation audits pr€parcd in the field are
the responsibility of the using organization and are addressed in their respective quality
assurance plans. These performance audits include 'blind" audits, spiked samples, split
samples, and blanls.
Svstem Audits
-
System audits will be conducted quarterly by the quality control ofEcer and the findings
submitted to the Iaboratory Manager.
7
o,1'0
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
The prcventive maintenance tasks and schedules recommended by the manufacturers will be
followed for all instrumentation. Records of preventive maintenance performed will be kept.
The supply of essential parts will be the rcsponsibility of each individual analyst and the
section supervisors.
ASSESSMENT OF DATA PRECISION AND ACCURACY
Routine procedures used to i$sess data precision and accuracy will follow those stipulated by
approved written procedurcs. Accuracy and precision are used to determine control limits.
Accuracy is determined from quality conhol samples or from spiking field samples with the
analyte of interest. Precision data arc obained from duplicarc quality control samples or
from field sample analysis and from two or more analyses of the same sample. Two samples
which arc essentially identical will produce precision data upon analysis (ualytical precision
data), whereas one sample analyzed twice on the same instnrment yields instnrment precision
data. Normally, ualytical precision data arc used to determine control limits. It is imporant
to have an understanding of the magnitude of both types of precision in the correction of an
out-of-control situation.
The following assessment of data will be made:
Five percent of all parameter analyses will be duplicated for the determination of precision.
The precision data are calculated from the percent recovery and will be graphed on quality
control charts. The sandard deviation will be calculated from prcvious results for each
pammeter and methodology with the formula:
s: [I(&- EX/n)2/(n- 1)]'"
The precision control limis will be the mean + 3s based on a population of 100 daa points.
The standard deviation will be recalculated as data become available, upgrading the control
limits to reflect current trends in analysis. Any precision data that fall outside the prescribed
control limits will initiate corrective action.
Data accuracy will also be assessed daily or after each run. Five percent of all samples will
be spiked for all parameters lending themselves to this procedure. The resuls will be
compared with known values, and the percent recovery will be determined. In addition,
check standards will be run at the five percent level, and the percent recovery will be
determined and graphed on quality control charts. These daa will be graphed on qnality
control charts with the same limiting criteria as precision, except that the control limis for
standards will be bas€d on the mean recovery + 2s, instead of the t 3s. fuiy accuracy data
exceeding control limits or falling on the same side of the mean for seven consecutive data
12.a
13.0
13. 1
13.1.1
13. 1.2
13. 1.3
13. 1.4
13. 1.5
L3.2
13.2.1
13.2.2
13.2.3
13.2.4
13.2.5
13.2.6
points will initiate corrective action.
Accuracy and completeness of data will dso be assessed by the using organization, and
appropriate corrective action will be mutually determined as circumstances dictate and
resources allow.
CORRECTIVE ACTION
Corrective actions will be initiated as a rcsult of the following quality control activities:
Daily data assessment found to be beyond the control limits.
Unacceptable results on performance evaluation audits.
Unacceptable performance found in systems audits.
Unacceptable resuls on interlaboratory and/or intralaboratory comparisol studies.
Unacceptable resuls on quality control audits conducted by ouside agencies.
It is imperative that early urd effective corrective action be taken when control data fall
outside of acceptable limis. Since the analyst is responsible for recording all qualiry
iuisunmce data on quality control charts deily, he will be the fint to determine that a method
is out of control and will initiate the appropriate immediate corrective measures necessary to
bring data within control limits. The analyst will identify all data out-of-control on the
appropriate control chart and annotate the corresponding corrective action taken. If the
analyst is unable to solve the problem, he/she will consult with the section supervisor and the
quality control officer to determine the appropriate corrective action. The initial effort to
correct an out-of-control sinration may include some of the following actions:
Re-examination of the data processing urd reduction.
Check of the method blank.
Check of instnrment performance with known standards.
Check of sandard preparation and calibration procedures.
Check of standards and/or quality control samples.
Review of raw data for unusual characteristics.
9
J.'
13.4
14.0
Corrective action taken as a result of unacceptable performance on audits or systems checks
will be initiated by the Iaboratory Supervisor in cooperation with the Quality Control OfEcer.
All necessary corrective actions taken will be documented.
The Quality Control Officer will ensure, during periodic system audits, that all corrective
actions have been implemented and arc effective.
QUALTTY CONTROL REPORTS
Significant quality assumnce problems and recommended solutions will be reported to the
Laboratory Manager, verbally and in writing, as they arise, in order to pursue the appropriate
corrective actions in a timely manner. Quarterly reports will be submitted in writing to the
I:boratory Manager from the Quatity Conuol Officer. The quarterly report will contain an
issessment of data precision, accunrcy, and completeness, in addition to any significant
changes in daa quality or trends.
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TEIOKOL IABORATOBT
STATIDABD OPERAIITIG PBOCEDTtsE
soP-101
Iuitial Datc: ZO April L992
Approved By:Date //*
Date
r'ltrx ac
Prrfortred
a,
CIe3m gater Aet (C"A) llethods:
Hethod Tvoe of Analvsis
150. 1 Po tent tomctric
160. 1 Gravtnetric
L60,2 Gravtoctrlc
170.1 lheruomctrlc
200.7 Induetively Couplrd
P1asna (ICP)
215. 1
242,L
AA, Dlrect Aspiratton
AA, Dtrcct Asplration
Method 215.L/242.L
CoId Vapor AA
fon Cbrouratography
,'1f, ieR IHLS
At{ATTftC'r. TTETEODS
by Thiokol Environncntal Laborarory
Lanpo Juactionr Utah
Refercnce
BPA-600/ tr.79-020 (llar 1983 )
EPA-600/ 1-7 9-020 (Mar 1983 )
EPA-600/ 4-7 9-020 (IIar 1983 )
EPA-6001 4-79-020 (l{ar 1983 )
40 CFR 136, app. C
Analvte( s l
pE
Restduc, Fllterable
Residue r Non-fllterable
Tenperaturc
Inorganie l{etals
Calciuo
Magncsiun
Eardness, fo ta1
[Iercur:/
Chloride, Nt trate
Ni tri EEr 0rthophos-
phetc r Sulfate
Altteltntry
Cyantdrs
Fluorldc
Nt trogen
Annonia
Ni trogcn, Total
KJ eIdahl
Phospbonrs , to ta1
Biochgni eal 0uryfcn
Dcnand (B0D)
Chcnicel 0xygen Denaud
(coD)
EPA-600/ {.79-020
EPA-600/ 4-79-020
EPA-600/ 4-79-020
EPA-600/ t+,-7g-AZa
EPA-600/ 4-94-010
(Mar 1983)
(l{ar 1983)
(lter 1983 )
(llar 1983 )
(!Ier 1984)
O z4s.L
300.0
310. 1
335. 2
340,2
350. 3
351.4
365. 2
405. 1
Tt trinctrie
l{anual Dts ttllatlon
Spectrophotoncgric
fon Selective
Electrode
Ion Selective
Eloctrode
Digestion/fon
Selective Elec,trode
Coupl€!:xat ion
Speetrophotoaetric
Bioassay
EPA-6001 4-7 9-020 (lnar 1983 )
EPI-600/ 4-7 9-,020 ( llar 1983 )
EPA-6 00 / 4-7 9-020 ( Mar 1 983 )
EPA-6 00 / 4-7 9-020 (!lar 1983 )
EPI-500/ 4-7 9-020 ( Mar 1983 )
EPA-600/ 4-79-020 (l{ar 1983 )
EPA-600/ 4-79-020 (l{ar 1983)
EPA-6 001 4-79420 (Uar 1983 )410.4 ColoriuotricrIl triuetri c
I1RR ?? '93 A?I A4Pfi COI1POSITE I1RTERIRLS P .4ts
O Clean Eater Act (CTA) Itcthods: (contiuucd)
Method Lvoe of Anelvsis Analvtc(s\ Refcrence
413.1 Extractlon/ 011 & Grease E?A-600/4-79-020 (t{ar 1983)
Gravimetrie
415.1 toC Aaalyzer organie Carbon, Total EPa-600/4-79-02O (Uar 1983)
420.1 Dlstillation, Phcnolics EPA-600/4-79-020 (ltar 1983)
Spectrophotooctrlc
624 cclus Prrrgc & frep Purgeablr 40 CFR 136, App. A
Ceptllary Colunn Volatih Orgurics
625 Extraction, GCll{S Acid E Base/Neutral 40 CFR 136, App. e
Capillar5r Coluon Extractables
Seoi-Vo1etilc Orgaaies
SOP ron Chronatography Perchlorate lbiokol ltethod
SOP. Liquid Chronatography EUX/RDX Thiokol l{cthod
SOP Liquid Cbroaratography Nitroglyeeriae thiolcol llrthod
I1RR ?? '93 ATA^PN COMPOSITE I1RTERINLS
a
Resource Consernation Becover]r Act (RCBA) Hethods:
P. 525
O Method Tvpg of Analvsis Analvte( sr Ref erenc,e
1010 Pensky-Hart.ns Closed-Cup fgdtabllity 5!I-846, 3rd Ed. Vol lC
1110 Corrosivt ty tovard S teel Corrosivity 5II-846, 3rd Bd. Vol 1C
1311 foxicity Characteristlc Hetals' Scnt-V0As, 40 CFR 261,268 App. I
Leaching Proc. (TCLP) Pest/Esrbicides/PGBs
1311 TCLP vith Zero Bead Space Volatilc 0rgrnics 40 CER 261,268 App. IZfi Extractioa (ZEE)
3005 Aqueous Acid Dlgestion totaL Rccovcrable W-845, 3rd Ed. Vol 1A
or Dlssolvcd l{rtels
3010 Aqucous Acid Digestlon Totel l{rtals 59-846, 3rrl Ed. VoI 1A
3020 aqu.our Acld Dl,gcstion Total ltetaLs SU-846, 3rd Ed. VoI 1A
3050 Soil/Scdlucnt/Sludgr Total lletals 59-846, 3rd Ed. VoI Ll
Acld Dlgestlon
3510 Scparatory Punnel, Aqueous 0rSanic Sf-846r 3rd Ed. VoI Lr
Liquid-Liquid Extraction E:rtractables
3520C Contlnuous Liqutd- Aqueous 0rganle str-846' 3rd Ed. Vol 1A
Lieuid Extrectlon Extractablcs
3540 Soxhlct Extraction No'nnvolatlle & Senl- Sil-846r 3rd Ed. VoI 1A
Uoletll.r Orgrnie
E:ttractablrs fron
Solids
6010 fnductlrrely Coupled Inorgauic l{etals Sg-845r 3rd 8d. Vol 1A
P1asna (ICP)
8260 GCIMS, Purgc & TraD Purgublr Volatile 5g-846, 3rd Ed. Vol LA
OrSeoics
8270 GCll{S " Seni-Vo1atile SU-846r 3rd Ed. VoI 1A
Cepillanl Colurna 0rgeaic Dctrectablrs
9040 Potcntionrtrtc pE 59-846' 3rd Ed. vo1 1C
9041 Pegcr Indlcato-r pE S!I-945,, 3rd Ed. vo1 lC
9060 ToC Analyzor l;iilt. Cerbon, sll-846, 3rd Ed. vol 1A
ttquid Chronetography El{x Thtokol(EPLC) (undcr drvolopuant)
tiquid chromato3raphy llc Thiokol(EPIC) (rudcr dcveloparnt)
APPEI{DIX E
STATTSTTCAL COMPARTSON TECHNTQT ES
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The origin of the stratified random
exception that the sampling area is
STATISTICAL COMPARISON TECHMQUE
design is similar to simple random design with the
divided into stratum or subparts.
PARAMETERS FOR STRATIFIED RANDOM DESIGN
The calculation of the basic parameters for the suatifred mdom design will be
calculated using the following technique outlined in Preparation of Soil Samplint
Protocol: Techniques and Strategy, EPA-600/4-83-20:
The calculations of the mean and the variance can take two forms. Orly one of the
forms will be presented here. In cases where the variance is common between two
samples and proportional allocation is used, the calculations for the mean and the
variance are simplified. Proportional allocation is common in soils work becausc the
variance tends to be the same over soil that is in close geographic proximity.
(1)
:n
y:(E
i:1 v/n)
:
v(Y) : s'Jn
O1 fl2
Where mean of all strata
:J
V(y) : variance of the mean y
--y=
s2p : [E (yr - yr )' + E(yi - y)zl /(n, + n2 - 2)
i:1
The mean is calculated by
variance by equation (3).
j:1
use of equation (1), the variance by use of (2), itrd the pooled
n = total number of observations yi
rz, = pooled variance
2.0 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE FOR STRATIFIED RAI{DOM DESIGN
The analysis of variurce for the stratified random desrgn is similar to ttrat for the simple
random design. Table C-l presents the ANOVA table for handling the data from a soil
sampling study where this design has been used.
Table C-l Analysis of Variance
for Stratified Random Design
SOURCE OF DEGREE OF
VARIATIONS FREEDOM
MEAN
SQUARES
Strata (k-1) (( trtln)-(G,/E n))/(k-l)
Wirhin Srrata ( E n-k) ( E y2-(f2ln1; l(E n-k)
Total (En-1) (Ey-(G2lEn))/(En-1)
f ln : the totat of each stratum squared then divided by the number of samples in thc stratum
G2l D n : the square of the sum of all observations divided by the total numbcr of obserrrations
y2 = the sum of the square of each observation
k = the number of strata
To test the hypothesis that the mean for the controls is equal to the mean for tho cortaminated soils,
the within strata mean s$xue is divided into the strata mean square o give thc Fc rnlue at the
significance level with ft-l) and ( E n-k) degrees of freedom. When the calculatod F vdue is less
than the value found in the statistical tables, the hlpothesis is not rcjoc&d. A calcularcd F value
greater than Fo leads to the conclusion that the hypothesis is false and the two strata are satistically
different. The within strata mean squarc is s2r; thereforc, ttre standard deviation can be obained by
taking the square root of this value.
O For use in Phase I of the RFI, the level of significance (c) will be 0.05.
REFERENCES
Chadwick, Raymond S., Barney, Marvin L., Beckstrand, Delyle,
Cambell, Ludene, Culey, fames A., fensen, Earl H., McKinley, Calvin R., Stock,
Sherman S., Stokes, Howard A., Soil Survey of Box Elder County, Utah lrastern Part:
U.S.D.A., Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and lVildlife
Sewice, Bureau of Iand ManagemenL lns, pp. 194-195.
Mason, Benjamin J., Preparation of Soil Sampling Protocol:
Techniques and Strategies, Environmental Research Center, University of Nwada, Ias
Vegas, Nevada, EPA-600/4-83-020 May 1983, pp. 28-29, 53-55.
USEPA, Office of Solid Waste, Waste Management Division,
Statistical Analysis of Ground Water Monitoring Data at RCRA Facilities. Interim Final
Guidance, April 1989.
tr
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T'HIOKOL CORPOMNON
RCRA FACIUTY IhIVESTIGATION
TASK III C: DATA TVUNAGEMENT PI.AI,I
o
o
TABLE OF CONTENTTS
SECTION
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
INTRODUCTION
DATA MAI\TAGEIVIENT
DATA REDUCTION
DATA PRESENTATION
1.0
2.0
INIRODUCTION
firis Datr Management Plan describes the procedures which firiokol Corporation will
use to document and hack investigation data and rcsults obtained during the RCRA
Facility Investigation at its Northern Utah Facility.
DATA MANAGEN.IEhIT
Data }vlanagement procedures will be established to effectively prcoess the data gathered
during the investigation activities.
A Field Iog Book will be maintained to record all pertinent sampling information. Ttre
book will be bound and paginated. It will be maintained by the sample collector and kept
at the sample collection site during sampling e\rents. At the end of the working day, the
Field Ing Book will be returned to the custody of the Froject Engineer. At the
conclusion of the RFI, the Field Log Book witl be secur€d within the Cenual Filing Area
of Thiokol Waste Management and Environmental Services.
Entries into the Field Iog will include:
Names of sampler's
Date and time of sampling
Purpose of sampling
Media from which sample was obtained
Sampling location, description, and grid coordinatcs
Sampling methd, sample containers, rtrd prcsenation (if any)
-Approximate weight or volume of sample
Number of samples taken
Sample identification number(s)
.
Field observations
Field nrcasurements made (e.9., pH, temperature)
Weather conditions
Any other pertinent information
,o
3.0
4,0
Names and signatures of samplers
In addition, the Field Iog Bmk will be used to describe any unusual conditions
encountered during sampling (e.g., difficulties with the sampling equipment, post-
sampling contamination, or loss of samples).
In order to ensure that inve.stigative daA can be effectively be traced from its initiat
acquisition to the final results, all entries made into the Field Iog Book must be verified
to information recorded on sample bottle labels and chain of custody records.
To mainain an internd chain of custody record, samples will be labeled with Thiokol
Form TC 4793 (or contract laboratory equivalent) labels. Tte label must include the
following information:
Name of sample collector.
Date of sampling.
Location and identification of sample site.
Laboratory Work Request number.
All daa directly related to the assessment of lhiokol solid nastc management units wil
be received and logged in by data entry personnel within the Environmental Departnent.
All hard copy data collected will be filed and secured within the Cenhal Fiting Area.
Electronic data wil be stored on the Envircnmental Computer Network where it will be
readily accessible for use in data presentation.
DATA REDUCTION
Analytical data will generally be reduced at the laboratory before it is reported to
Thiokol. firiokol will report to the regulatory agency, all data including suspected
outliers or samples contaminated due to improper colletion, presenation, or storage
procedures. .The rejected data will be marked as such in the date Ebles, and an
explanation of the rejected data will be furnished.
DATA PRESENIATION
Thiokol will uiange and present the data collected during the RFI in a manner int€nded
to provide a clear and concise summary of the findings.
The following data will be presented in tabular displays:
o Raw data;
o Datr reduction for statistical andysis;
Data by strata; and
. Summary data.
The following wil be presented in graphical format:
o Sampling location and sampling grid;
o Boundaries of sampling arca and areas where more data is required;
o kvels and extent of contamination at each sampling polnt;
o Contamination lerrels, averages, and maxima;
o Changes in concentration in rcIation to disEnce from the sourcc, time,
depth, and or other parameters; and
o Features affecting intramedia transport and potential rcceptors.
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T-HIOKOL CORPORATION
RCRA FACILITY II\"VESTIGATION
TASK III D: HEALTTI AND SAFETY PIAN
SECTION
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
4.L
4.2
4.3
4.4
5.0
6.0
COI\TEI\TS
INTRODUCTION
APPLICABILTTY
SAFETY, EEAL',TE AI\D UVTERGEI\CY RESFONSE PLAI\
ORGAT{ZATION AI{D ASSIGNMENT OF RF^SFONSIBILITIES
W E}.IGINEERING MANAGER
PROJECT HVGINEER
SAFETY AI.ID HEALIH OFFICERS
SITE WORKERS
FOIIYTS OF COI\TACT
5.1 TIIIOKOL PERSONNEL AI{D RESPONSIBILITIES
5.2 EMERGENCY INFORMATION
HAZARD EVALUATION AI\D CONIROL MEAST]RES
6.L GM
6.2 CHEMICAL HAZARDS
6.3 FTRE HAZARDS
6.4 DPLOSIVE HM,ARDS
6.5 PHYSICAL HAZARDS
WGREQMS
7.L GMNG
,I .2 SITESPECIFTC NG
7.0
7.3 SITE BRTEFINGS
7.4 ADDITIONALNG
9.0 PERSONALPROTECTT\IE EQmT
9.0 SITE ACCESS COI{IR.OL MEAST]RE,S
1O.O DECONTAIVIINATION PROCEDT]RES
10. 1 PERSONNELDECONTffiON
L0.2 EQUIPMENTDECONTffiON
11.0 HVIERGENCY RESPONSE PLAI\
11.1 RESPONSE PROCEDI,]RES
YL.O SI]PPORTING DOCT]MENITS
1.0
2.0
3.0
INTRODUCTION
This Safety, Health,and Emergency Reqponse Plan is designed to identify, evaluate, and
control safety and health hazards and to provide for emergency response for investigative
activities associated with Thiokol Corporation's RCRA Facility Investigation. The Plan
addresses all areas critical to workers for their protection. All hazards may not be
idenffied in this plan and the plan is subject to change and revision as the scope of work
proceeds.
All work will be performed in accordance with applicable federal, state, local and
Thiokol regulations and recommendations; the United States Department of I-abor,
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requirements of 29 CFR 1910
and 29 CFR 1926, the Utatr Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the United
States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) requirements, the State of Utah
Department of Environmental Quality requirements, the Occupatiorwl Safety and Heahh
Guidance ManwUor Haznrdous Waste Site Activities (NIOSH 85-115t, and the Thiokol
Corporaion Safety md Health Mounl.
APPLrcABILNY
This Safety, Health and Emergency Reqponse Plan applies to all employees, qrerators,
contractors, subcontractors, visitors, and regulatory offrcials.
All persons entering the job site shall be informed of the site emergency response
procedures and any potential firc, explosion, health, safety, or other hazards which have
been identified at the site.
SAEETY, ITEALIE ANID EVIER,GEI\CY RESFONSE PLA}[ AVNLABILITY
This Safety, Health and Emergency Response Plan will be made available to any
employee, contractor, subcontractor, vendor, visitor, or regulatory official upon request.
Copies of this Plan will also be available at the following locations:
Environmental Engineering Office at E-519E
Strategic Safety
ORGAI{IZATION AI{D ASSIGI\MEIYT OF RESFONSIBILITIES
The organization chart for the RFI is illustrated in Figure 1.
4.0
4.I EIWIROWENGINEERINGMAI{AGER
The Environmental Engineering Manager has overall reqponsibility for the RFI Program.
These duties, qpecific to the REI, include:
. All regulatory activity
o Assignment of rcsponsibilities
. All expenditures, purchases, and financial affairs
. All employee health and safety policies
4.2 PROJECT EI{GINEER
The Project Engineer has the reqponsibility for site operations and for safety and health
during sampling and related activities. The Project Engineer will be available to:
. Oversee all activities on-site during the RFI
o Keep a daily log of site activities
o Coordinate the Safety, Health and Emergency Reqponse Plan
o Reqpond to field rcquests for assistance in health and safety activities or
implementation of managerial aspects of health and safety related
activities.
4.3 SAFETY AND HEALTII OFFICERS
The Safety and Health Officers, as assigned by the safety management from each of the
Thiokol Divisions, will prcvide support for investigation activities conducted within
boundaries of each reqpective division. This sulryort may include, but is not necessarily
limited to, the following:
. Review the Safety, Heatth and Emergency Reqponse Plan
. Implement the Safety, Health and Emergency Reqponse Plan
o Monitor conditions at those sites where work activities may pose a threat
to human health
o Conduct air monitoring if needed, to evaluate concentrations of
contaminants
Conduct on-site training where nooE$sary
Consult with the Project Engins regarding new or unanticipeted sitc
conditions which may affoct worh health and safety
Insurc that adequte safety and health equipment is available at the sitc
Issue Safety Permits as required
SITE WORKERS
Site workers arc responsible for personal aspects of safety and health to include:
o Reading and understanding the Safety, Health and Emergency Rcspoosc
Plan
Following the Safety, Health and Emugency Rcsponsc Plan
Checking all personal safety equipment to insurc that it is in good worting
condition prior to working at tlrc sitc
o ne,porting any accidents, illness or unsafe working oonditions to thc
hject Engineer or the Safety and Itrealth Officer
o
O
4.4
5.0
5.1
o
FOINTS OF CONTACT
TIIIOKOL PERSONNEL AI{D RESPONSIBILITIES
Iohn Slaughter, Environmental Engineering Supenri$)r
Frank Walkef, Thiokol RFI Coordinator and hject Engins
Don Brown, Dirutor, Space Safety
Le Davis, Director, Strategic Safety
Telephone
(801) 863 - 5458
(801) t63 - 5390
(801) 863 - 3916
(801) 863 - 3212
(801) 863 - 6889Paul Cannon, Mlnager, Advanced Technology Safety
5.2 EMERGENCYINFORMATION
fire following tclephone numbqs will be used to r€port emergcnc,y conditions aod to
rcquest assistance in case of an accident or other incident. These emergency numbers
shall also be available at the site.
In an emergency (on plant) dial
EMERGENCY CONTACTS
Thiokol Security
Thiokol Fire Department
Strategic
Space
Thiokol Ambulance
Thiokol Medical Assistance
Brigham City Community Hoqpital
2222 or 911
TELEPHONE
863 8545
863 8424
863 4233
863 2222
863 2881
734 9471
6.0
6.\
6.2
EAZARD EVALUATION AI{D CONIR,OL MEAST]RES
GEI{ERAL
The potential hazards associated with the investigation work at Thiokol include chemical
hazards, firc hazards, explosive hazards, and physical hazards. The potential for
encountering each of the various hazards will depend of the individual SWMU and the
type of work to be perforrred at the SWMU. Chemical hazards may exist at sites where
solvents and other chemicals have been used and possibly diqposed of. Fire hazards exist
where ignitable and combustible materials are present. Explosive hazards are abundant
at the Thiokol facility due to the nahrre of the prcducts produced. Physical hazards such
as noise, use of heavy equipment, power tools, etc. will be present depending on the
work being performed.
CHH\,IICAL HAZARDS
Chemical hazards may exist at those SWMUs where solvent and other chemicals have
been used or disposed. The t)?es of chemicals which may be encountered include,
methyl chlorcform, petroleum distilliates, oils, explosive compounds and their residues,
and other solvents.
E:rposure to chemical hazards may occur through inhalation of contaminated dust
6.3
6.4
particles, inhalation of volatile and semi-volatile compounds, derrtal absorption, skin
contamination, or accidental ingestion of contaminants.
Inhalation of particulate may occur during activities which disturb the soil causing
material to become airtorne. These activities include soil sampling, drilling, use of
heaw equipment at the site. Control measures at these sites may include dust
sulrpression measures where visible emissions are suspected. Respiratory protection may
be necessary at sites where dust suppression is not adequate
Volatile and semi-volatile chemicals may also pose inhalation hazards. These hazards
may be present at sites where investigation activities allow voliatiles to be released into
the air. Air monitoring for organic vapors may be necessary in potentially contaminated
areas. Reqpiratory protection will be used when necessary.
Skin contact with hazardous chemicals may occur frcm contaminated media. Protective
clothing, personal hygiene and procedures to avoid contact will be used to minimize the
risk of dermal contamination.
FIRE HAZARDS
The potential for fire exists where ignitable and combustible material is present. These
materials are not limited to manufactured materials, but also include native vegetation.
The control measur€s for reducing fire hazards shall be to control the heat source. All
heavy equipment shall be equrpped with a fire extinguisher. Arcas of vegetation should
be cleared before equipment is mobilized to the site. Sampling activities within the Space
Division that require the use of hand tools, welders and cutting equipment will require
a Flame Permit from Space Safety before using.
E)(PI'SIVE HAZARDS
The potential for encountering explosive hazards exist at those sites where propellants
and propellant ingredients are found. The risk of encountering these materials is
expected to be extremely low but awareness of the potential must remain high.
Thiokol procedures qpecify that explosive waste materials be taken to the burning ground
area for disposal; therefore, the greatest risk of encountering these materials is expected
while sampling or working at the burning grounds. If any unusual material is
encountered during constnrction activities, all operations must stop immediately and the
material checked by Thiokol Safety personnel or the Area Fore,man before proceeding.
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
A variety of physical hazards are likely to be present during investigation activities at the
6.5
SWMUs. These physical hazar.ds arre expected to be similar to those associated with any
constnrction qrpe project. These hazards are due to motor vehicle operation, heavy
equipment operation, the use of hand and power tools, and the hazardous walking and
working surfaces.
The maintenance of an orderly work area, the use of appropriate personal protective
equipment, and the observance of all site qpecific requirements can reduce the majority
of physical hazards.
The physical hazards are not unique to the Thiokol facility and should generally be
familiar to those anticipating to perform work at the sites.
7.0 NGREQMS
All personnel involved in the
trained to comply with all
environmental regulations .
GWNG
All personnel who may be at
receive appropriate training as
assignments.
RFI shall be qualified for their work and must be fully
operatiotrs, procedures, safety practicos, and relevant
risk for actual exposure to contaminated materials shall
based on their potential hazardous exposure and their job
7.L
All workers shall comply with the applicable sections of the OSHA standards in 29 CFR
L910.120 pertaining to training for working in hazardous waste qrcrations based on the
perceived level of exposurc.
All contractors must demonstrate compliance with applicable sections of OSHA standards
in 29 CFR 1910.120 by submitting a copy of the certificate of training for each assigned
employee.
All contractor entering u1rcn the job site will be required to view a half-hour
long safety class presentation which deals with Thiokol ufety procedures and practices
and attend a one-hour Propellant lvlaterial Handling class.
SITE SPECIFIC TRAINING
Prior to the begiming of any field activities, all personnel involved at a qpecific site shall
be provided with training which will qpecifically addrress the activities, procedures, and
applicable qrerations at each site. The training will include the following:
7.2
O
. Names of personnel who are reqponsible for health and safety
o Safety, health and potential hazards prcsent at the site
o Work practices and restrictions to minimizehanrd potential at the site
. Safe use of any implemented engineering controls and equipment on site
. Any monitoring instnrmentation to be used on site
. Decontamination procedures
o Site layout and egress routes
o Ernergency rcsponse services available for the site
o Proper use of personal prctective equipment
This training will provided by Thiokol and will involve those personnel involved with
RFI activities in the area.
7.3 SITE BRIEFINGS
Project personnel may be given periodic briefings on health and safety concerns to assist
in conducting the investigation activities. The briefings will include addressing changes
in operations at the site, changes in scqre of work, and will allow time to clarify any
questions or misunderstandings.
7.4 ADDMONAL TRAINING
Thiokol will secure additional training, if needed, to assist assigned personnel to safely
complete the field investigation work.
8.0 PERSONALPROTECITIIEEQm
Personal protective equipment (PPE) will be one of the contrcl measures used to
minimize personnel exposure to chemical and physical hazards at the job site.
Thrcughout the course of activities to occur during the RF[, Thiokol personnel and any
contractors will be rcquired to wear steel toe work shoes or boots, long pants, shirts and
safef glasses with side shields.
Various field activities may require different levels of dermal and possibly respiratory
protection. It is anticipated that the level of protection to be used for this project will
be Level D - the use of apprcpriate dermal protection without the need for respiratory
protection. However, the level of protection may be upgraded by the Heatth and Safety
Officer as conditions warant.
9.0 SITE ACCESS CONIROL MEAST]RES
Entry and exit for all personnel entering Thiokol property is through gua.ded check
points where all persons (employees, visitors and contractors) must present their issued
badges. All personnel are checked for prohibited items upon entry and for company
pryperty upon exit. The premises of lhiokol a.rc kept locked and are patrolled by
firiokol Security.
Many of the sites where RFI activities will occur requirc that all transient persons
exchange their issued badges for a transient badge prior to entry to the arrea. At the
conclusion of business in the alea, the person must sumender their transient badge and
receive back their issued badge.
Other control measures including automatic gates, waming lights, sounding alarms, signs
and barricades are used to control site access.
1O.O DECONTAIVIINATION PROCEDT]RES
The following sections describe personnel and equipment decontamination procedures to
be implemented as needed during the RFI.
1O.I PERSONNEL DECONTAI\,IINAIION
The decontamination of personnel may be necessary to aid in preventing the qpread of
contamination to clean areas as well as to reduce exposure to personnel and the
environment. Decontamination of personnel will typicatly consist of the following steps:
o Equipment drop in the exclusion zone
Remove gloves
Remove protective clothing
Remove eye, headng and respiratory protectiono
Wash hands and face thoroughly before eating or drinking
Shower upon return to home
I0.2 EQUIPMENTDECONTffiON
The decontamination of equipment is necessary to minimize the qpread of contamination
to clean areas, to reduce exposure to personnel and to reduce the possibility for cross
contamination during sampling activities.
To reduce cross contamination during sampling activities the following precautions
should be observed:
Minimize equipment contact with contamination source
Keep exterior of equipment clean thrcugh adequate cleaning techniques
When necessary decontamination stations will be esablished at each site for equipment.
Water used for decontamination will be located at the site where the equipment is used.
This water will then be treated as hazardous.
11.0 HVIER.GEI\CY RESPONSE PLAI\
Emergency situations are easily recognized by visual observations, worker complaints or
monitoring instnrments. A chemical release shall be considered an emergency when it
is sufficient to effect unprotected personnel, including site workers and the public. All
unplanned firres or detonations are considered to be an emergency.
11.1 RESPONSE PROCEDI]RES
The information is this section is presented as a guideline to assist in a safe and effective
reE onse to a site emergency. This information is not designed to take the place of
reasonable decisions based on incident qpecific information.
FIRST PRIORITY
Prevent further rqiury or illness by:
Protecting reqponse personnel
Isolating the scene to authortzd personnel only
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Rescuing the injured parties and moving to a clean zone
Notrfying outside emergency assistance
SECOND PRIORITY
Securc first aid for those penons with life tfrreatening injuries or illnesses.
TTIIRD PRIORITY
Alleviate the immediate hazards by:
Reducing chemical releases
Brtinguishing incipient stage fircs using a Class A fir€ extinguisher,
approaching frcm the upwind side. If the fire has moved out of the
incipient stage, or upwind approach is notpossible, or explosive materials
are involved, do not attempt to extinguish the flames
FOIJRTII PRIORITY
Provide fi$t aid to those persons with non-life threatening injuries or illnesses.
FIFIII PRIORITY
Complete a formal incident report
All persons with known or suspected chemical related injuries or illnesses should be
immediately examined by a licensed physician.
Lz.O SI]PPORTING DOCT]MEI\TS
The following supporting documents shall be made available for review to all personnel
involved with the RE[:
Thiolal Corooraion General Safen and Health Manrnl
Thiokol Cot?oration Contingenq Plon and Emergenq Procedures For Spills of
Hamrdow Materials
These documents will provide supplemental inforrration beyond the scope of this Safety,
Health and Emergency Reqponse Plan.
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