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HomeMy WebLinkAboutDDW-2024-009113TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................Page 1 SCOPE.......................................................Page 2 SITE CONDITIONS...............................................Page 2 FIELD STUDY...................................................Page 3 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS.........................................Page 3 SUBSURFACE WATER............................................Page 4 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION........................................Page 5 GEOLOGY.....................................................Page 5 A.Regional Geology......................................Page 5 B.Site Geology..........................................Page 6 C.Tectonic Setting.......................................Page 6 D.Other Geologic Hazards..................................Page 6 RECOMMENDATIONS.............................................Page 7 A.Site Grading..........................................Page 7 B.Foundations.........................................Page 10 C.Concrete Slab-on-Grade.................................Page 11 D.Lateral Earth Pressures..................................Page 12 E.Seismicity, Faulting and Liquefaction........................Page 13 F.Water Soluble Sulfates..................................Page 14 G.Preconstruction Meeting.................................Page 14 LIMITATIONS..................................................Page 15 REFERENCES..................................................Page 16 FIGURES EXPLORATORY BORING LOCATIONS FIGURE 1 EXPLORATORY BORING LOG, LEGEND AND NOTES FIGURE 2 GRADATION TEST RESULTS FIGURE 3 SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS TABLE I Page 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.The subsurface soils encountered in the borings consist of approximately 11 feet of fill in Boring B-1 and approximately 2 feet of fill overlying 1½ feet of topsoil in Boring B-2. Silty sand with gravel was encountered below the fill in Boring B-1 to a depth of approximately 15 feet. Gravel with likely cobbles and boulders was encountered below the sand in Boring B-1 and below the topsoil in Boring B-2. The material encountered at depth in the borings is potentially bedrock. The maximum depth investigated was approximately 19 and 9 feet in Borings B-1 and B-2, respectively, at which depths the sampler bounced and did not recover samples. 2.No subsurface water was encountered in the borings at the time of drilling to the depth investigated. 3.The proposed building may be supported on spread footings bearing on the undisturbed natural sand, gravel, bedrock or compacted structural fill extending down to the undisturbed natural sand, gravel or bedrock. Spread footings may be designed using an allowable net bearing pressure 3,500 pounds per square foot. 4.Approximately 11 feet of fill was encountered in Boring B-1 and approximately 2 feet of fill overlying 1½ feet of topsoil in Boring B-2. Unsuitable fill, topsoil, organics and other deleterious materials should be removed from below the area of proposed building, exterior slabs and other improvements sensitive to differential settlement. 5.Geotechnical information related to foundations, subgrade preparation and materials is included in the report. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 2 SCOPE This report presents the results of a geotechnical investigation for the proposed well house for the HITR backup well at approximately Latitude 40.6779 degrees north and Longitude 112.2431 degrees west, east of Lake Point in Tooele County, Utah. The report presents the subsurface conditions encountered, laboratory test results and recommendations for foundations. The study was conducted in general accordance with our proposal dated May 6, 2022. We previously conducted a geotechnical study for the existing water tank and pump station at the site and presented our findings and recommendations in a report dated December 4, 1998 under Project No. 983725. Field exploration was conducted to obtain information on the subsurface conditions and to obtain samples for laboratory testing. Samples obtained during the field investigation were tested in the laboratory to determine physical and engineering characteristics of the on-site soil and to define conditions at the site for our engineering analysis. Results of the field exploration and laboratory tests were analyzed to develop recommendations for the proposed foundations. This report has been prepared to summarize the data obtained during the study and to present our conclusions and recommendations based on the proposed construction and the subsurface conditions encountered. Design parameters and a discussion of geotechnical engineering considerations related to construction are included in the report. SITE CONDITIONS The site is situated on a relatively flat bench, north of an existing well house (see Figure 1). There is a well that has been constructed at the site. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 3 The site has a gentle slope down to the north. The site appears to have been graded by placing fill in the western portion of the area and there is a fill slope along the west side. Approximately 11 feet of fill was encountered in Boring B-1, consistent with the appearance of the fill slope. The surrounding area is a hillside that slopes gently to moderately down to the west. Vegetation includes grass, weeds and brush. There is a well house and buried water tank to the south. The site is generally surrounded by undeveloped hillside areas. FIELD STUDY The field study was conducted on June 13, 2022. Two borings were drilled at the approximate locations indicated on Figure 1 using 8-inch diameter hollow-stem auger. The borings were logged and samples obtained by a geologist from AGEC. Logs of the subsurface conditions encountered in the borings are shown on Figure 2. The approximate locations of explorations from our previous study at the site are included on Figure 1. The logs of these explorations and the results of laboratory tests are included in the appendix. SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS The subsurface soils encountered in the borings consist of approximately 11 feet of fill in Boring B-1 and approximately 2 feet of fill overlying 1½ feet of topsoil in Boring B-2. Silty sand with gravel was encountered below the fill in Boring B-1 to a depth of approximately 15 feet. Gravel with likely cobbles and boulders was encountered below the sand in Boring B-1 and below the topsoil in Boring B-2. The material encountered at depth in the APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 4 borings is potentially bedrock. The maximum depth investigated was approximately 19 and 9 feet in Borings B-1 and B-2, respectively, at which depths the sampler bounced and did not recover samples. A description of the various materials encountered in the borings follows: Fill - The fill consists of silty sand with gravel to clayey gravel with sand. It is slightly moist and brown to brownish gray. Laboratory tests conducted on the fill indicate it has moisture contents of 7 to 8 percent and dry densities of 103 to 117 pounds per cubic foot (pcf). Topsoil - The topsoil consists of sandy lean clay with gravel. It is moist and dark brown. Silty Sand with Gravel - The sand contains small to moderate amounts of silt. It is very dense, slightly moist and gray. Laboratory tests conducted on samples of the sand indicate it has natural moisture contents of 3 to 5 percent and natural dry densities of 117 to 121 pcf. Poorly-graded Gravel with Silt and Sand - The gravel likely contains cobbles and boulders and is possibly bedrock at depth. It is very dense, slightly moist and brown. Results of the laboratory tests are summarized on Table I and are included on the logs of the borings. SUBSURFACE WATER No subsurface water was encountered in the borings at the time of drilling to the depth investigated. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 5 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION We understand that the building will have plan dimensions of approximately 30 by 15 feet and will consist of a single-story, concrete or masonry structure with a slab-on-grade floor. We have assumed wall loads of up to 3,000 pounds per lineal foot. If the proposed construction or loads are significantly different from those described above, we should be notified so that we can reevaluate the recommendations given. GEOLOGY A.Regional Geology The site for the proposed well house is located in the Basin and Range province. The province is made up of north/south elongated mountain blocks and valleys. The site is located on the east side of the Tooele Valley. The valley was once occupied by a large lake known as Lake Bonneville during the Wisconsin glaciation of the Pleistocene epoch. The present day Great Salt Lake is a remnant of ancient Lake Bonneville. Stillstands of Lake Bonneville formed benches along the Wasatch Front. The highest level of Lake Bonneville is marked by a bench, the Bonneville Shoreline, at approximate elevation 5160 to 5200 feet. The lake remained at this high level from approximately 18 to 17 thousand years before present, until it dropped approximately 350 feet during a catastrophic flood known as the Bonneville Flood (Jarrett and Malde, 1987). Two lower stillstands of Lake Bonneville are the Provo and Gilbert, which formed at approximate elevations 4850 and 4250 feet, respectively (Nelson and Personius, 1993). There is no evidence that the lake has risen above the Gilbert stillstand during Holocene time (last 10,000 years). The approximate elevation of the site is 4,640 feet, placing the site approximately 210 feet below the Provo shoreline. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 6 B.Site Geology Surface deposits are mapped to consist of lacustrine and alluvial deposits overlying bedrock of the Erda Formation (Tooker and Roberts, 1971). Tooker and Roberts (1971) describe the bedrock to consist of limestone with shale, quartzite and sandstone beds. C.Tectonic Setting The site is located along the west side of the Oquirrh Mountains with a prominent mountain front escarpment. The prominent west-facing steep escarpment of the Oquirrh Mountains is the result of repeated normal fault displacements that have taken place over the last several million years. The system of normal faults that makes up this escarpment is known collectively as the Oquirrh fault zone. Relatively recent fault movements are evidenced by offsets in Lake Bonneville sediments and more recent alluvial and colluvial deposits. The Oquirrh fault zone is active. The site is located approximately 250 feet northeast of the nearest mapped surface trace of the Oquirrh fault zone (UGS, 2022). D.Other Geologic Hazards The ground surface at the site slopes gently down to the northwest. Based on the topography of the area, there is no source of rockfall, debris flow or flooding. The ground surface is too flat and the subsurface materials are of sufficient strength where landslide would not be a potential hazard at the site. The Elliott and Harty (2010) landslide map shows no landslides in the area. Ground subsidence is not a potential hazard at the site since there are no active faults near the site. The site is located in the Intermountain Seismic Belt, which is an area of pronounced earthquake activity extending from northwestern Montana to northern Arizona. Seismic ground shaking is a potential hazard at the site. Seismic design parameters APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 7 relating to the 2018 International Building Code are provided in the recommendations part of the report. The site is located in an area mapped with a "very low" liquefaction susceptibility (Black and others, 1999). Based on the subsurface conditions encountered in the borings and our understanding of the geologic conditions of the area, liquefaction is not considered a hazard at the site. RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the subsurface conditions encountered, laboratory test results and the proposed construction, the following recommendations are given: A.Site Grading We anticipate that there will be small amounts of cut and fill for the proposed construction. We anticipate that the building will have a finished floor level within approximately 3 feet of the existing ground surface. 1.Subgrade Preparation Approximately 11 feet of fill was encountered in Boring B-1 and approximately 2 feet of fill overlying 1½ feet of topsoil in Boring B-2. Unsuitable fill, topsoil, organics and other deleterious materials should be removed from below areas of proposed buildings, exterior slabs, pavement and other improvements sensitive to differential settlement. 2.Excavation We anticipate that excavation in the fill and natural soil can be accomplished with heavy-duty excavation equipment. Excavation difficulty may be encountered for excavations where boulders or bedrock are encountered, APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 8 particularly for confined excavations such as utility trenches. Alternative excavation methods such as jack-hammering or light blasting may be needed for excavations extending into the bedrock. Temporary, unretained excavation slopes in the fill or natural soil may be constructed at 1½ horizontal to 1 vertical or flatter. 3.Cut and Fill Slopes Permanent, unretained cut and fill slopes may be constructed at 2 horizontal to 1 vertical or flatter. Steeper cut slopes in bedrock may be considered on an individual basis. Cut and fill slopes should be protected from erosion by revegetation or other methods. Surface runoff should be directed away from cut and fill slopes. 4.Materials Listed below are materials recommended for imported structural fill. Fill to Support Recommendations Footings Non-expansive granular soil Passing No. 200 Sieve < 35% Liquid Limit < 30% Maximum size 4 inches Floor Slab (Upper 4 inches) Sand and/or Gravel Passing No. 200 Sieve < 5% Maximum size 2 inches Slab Support Non-expansive granular soil Passing No. 200 Sieve < 50% Liquid Limit < 30% Maximum size 6 inches The existing fill and natural soil may be considered for use as structural fill if they meet the recommendations given above for imported structural fill and if the organics, debris, oversized particles and other deleterious materials are removed. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 9 The on-site soils may also be used as site grading fill outside of the building area and as retaining wall or utility trench backfill if the organics, debris, oversized particles and other deleterious materials are removed or the on-site material may be used in landscape areas. Use of the on-site soil as fill or backfill may require moisture conditioning (wetting or drying) to facilitate compaction. Drying of the soil may not be practical in cold or wet times of the year. 5.Compaction Compaction of materials placed at the site should equal or exceed the minimum densities as indicated below when compared to the maximum dry density as determined by ASTM D 1557. Fill To Support Compaction Foundations $ 95% Concrete Flatwork $ 90% Pavement Base Course Fill Placed Below Base Course $ 95% $ 90% Landscaping $ 85% Retaining Wall Backfill 85 - 90% To facilitate the compaction process, the fill should be compacted at a moisture content within 2 percent of the optimum moisture content. Fill materials placed for the project should be frequently tested for compaction. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 10 6.Drainage The ground surface surrounding the building should be sloped away from the building in all directions. Roof downspouts and drains should discharge beyond the limits of backfill. B.Foundations 1.Bearing Material The proposed building may be supported on spread footings bearing on the undisturbed natural sand, gravel, bedrock or on compacted structural fill extending down to the undisturbed natural sand, gravel or bedrock. Structural fill should extend out away from the edge of footings at least a distance equal to the depth of fill placed beneath footings. Unsuitable fill, topsoil, organics and other deleterious materials should be removed from below proposed foundation areas. 2.Bearing Pressure Spread footings bearing on the undisturbed natural sand and gravel, bedrock or on compacted structural fill extending down to the undisturbed natural sand, gravel or bedrock may be designed using an allowable net bearing pressure of 3,500 pounds per square foot. Footings should have a minimum width of 1½ feet and a minimum depth of embedment of 1 foot. 3.Settlement We estimate that total and differential settlement will be less than ½ inch for footings designed as indicated above. 4.Temporary Loading Conditions The allowable bearing pressures may be increased by one-half for temporary loading conditions such as wind and seismic loads. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 11 5.Frost Depth Exterior footings and footings beneath unheated areas should be placed at least 30 inches below grade for frost protection. 6.Foundation Base The base of foundation excavations should be cleared of loose or deleterious material prior to structural fill or concrete placement. 7.Construction Observation A representative of the geotechnical engineer should observe footing excavations prior to structural fill or concrete placement. C.Concrete Slab-on-Grade 1.Slab Support Concrete slabs may be supported on the undisturbed natural sand, gravel, bedrock or on compacted structural fill extending down to the undisturbed natural sand, gravel or bedrock. Unsuitable fill, topsoil, organics and other deleterious materials should be removed from below proposed floor slabs. 2.Underslab Sand and/or Gravel A 4-inch layer of free-draining sand and/or gravel (less than 5 percent passing the No. 200 sieve) should be placed below the floor slab for ease of construction and to promote even curing of the slab concrete. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 12 D.Lateral Earth Pressures 1.Lateral Resistance for Footings Lateral resistance for footings placed on the on-site materials or on compacted structural fill is controlled by sliding resistance between the footing and the foundation material. A friction value of 0.45 may be used in design for ultimate lateral resistance. 2.Subgrade Walls and Retaining Structures The following equivalent fluid weights are given for design of subgrade walls and retaining structures. The active condition is where the wall moves away from the soil. The passive condition is where the wall moves into the soil and the at-rest condition is where the wall does not move. The values listed assume a horizontal surface adjacent the top and bottom of the wall. Soil Type Active At-Rest Passive Sand and Gravel 40 pcf 55 pcf 300 pcf 3.Seismic Conditions Under seismic conditions, the equivalent fluid weight should be increased by 25 pcf for the active condition, increased by 10 pcf for the at-rest condition and decreased by 25 pcf for the passive condition. This assumes a peak horizontal ground acceleration of 0.42g for a 2 percent probability of exceedance in a 50 year period. 4.Safety Factors The values recommended above assume mobilization of the soil to achieve ultimate soil strength. Conventional safety factors used for structural analysis for such items as overturning and sliding resistance should be used in design. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 13 E.Seismicity, Faulting and Liquefaction 1.Seismicity Listed below is a summary of the site parameters that may be used with the 2018 International Building Code. Description Value1 Site Class C2 s RS - MCE ground motion (period=0.2s)0.81g 1 RS - MCE ground motion (period=1.0s)0.30g aF - Site amplification factor at 0.2s 1.2 vF - Site amplification factor at 1.0s 1.5 GPGA - MCE peak ground acceleration 0.35g MPGA - Site modified peak ground acceleration 0.42g Values obtained from information provided by the Applied Technology Council at1 https://hazards.atcouncil.org Site Class C was selected based on the subsurface conditions encountered at the site to the2 depth investigated and our understanding of geologic conditions. Measurement of the shear wave velocity of the upper 100 feet may find that Site Class B is representative. 2.Faulting The closest mapped active fault to the site is the Oquirrh fault zone, mapped approximately 250 feet to the southwest (Utah Geological Survey, 2022). 3.Liquefaction The site is located within an area mapped as having a "very low" liquefaction susceptibility (Black and others, 1999). Based on the subsurface conditions encountered, liquefaction is not a potential hazard at this site. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 14 F.Water Soluble Sulfates Based on our experience in the area, the natural materials possess a negligible sulfate attack potential on concrete. Sulfate-resistant cement is not needed for concrete placed in contact with the soil or bedrock. Other conditions may dictate the type of cement to be used in concrete for the project. G.Preconstruction Meeting A preconstruction meeting should be held with representatives of the owner, project architect, geotechnical engineer, general contractor, earthwork contractor and other members of the design team to review construction plans, specifications, methods and schedule. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 Page 15 LIMITATIONS This report has been prepared in accordance with generally accepted soil and foundation engineering practices in the area for the use of the client for design purposes. The conclusions and recommendations included within the report are based on the information obtained from the borings drilled at the approximate location indicated on Figure 1 and the data obtained from laboratory testing. Variations in the subsurface conditions may not become evident until additional exploration or excavation is conducted. If the subsurface conditions or groundwater level is found to be significantly different from what is described above, we should be notified to reevaluate the recommendations given. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC. Jay R. McQuivey, P.E. Reviewed by Douglas R. Hawkes, P.E., P.G. JRM/bw APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 6/28/2022 Page 16 REFERENCES American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017; Minimum design loads and associated criteria for buildings and other structures: ASCE/SEI 7-16, Reston, Virginia. Black, W.D., Solomon, B.J. and Harty, K.M., 1999; Geology and geologic hazards of the Tooele Valley and West Desert hazardous industry area, Tooele County, Utah, Utah Geological Survey Special Study 96. Elliott, A.H. and Harty, K.M., 2010; Landslide maps of Utah, Provo 30' X 60' quadrangle, Utah, Utah Geological Survey Map 246DM, Plate 14. International Code Council, 2017; 2018 International Building Code, Falls Church, Virginia. Jarrett, R.D. and Malde, H.E., 1987; Paleodischarge of the late Pleistocene Bonneville Flood, Snake River, Idaho, computed from new evidence; Geological Society of American Bulletin, v. 99, p. 127-134. Nelson, A.R. and Personius, S.F., 1993; Surficial Geologic Map of the Weber Segment, Wasatch Fault Zone, Weber and Davis Counties, Utah, U.S. Geological Survey Map I-2199. Tooker, E.W. and Roberts, R.J., 1971; Geologic map of the Mills Junction quadrangle, Tooele County, Utah, US Geological Survey Map GQ-924. Utah Geological Survey, 2022; Utah Geological Hazard Portal accessed June 22, 2022 at https://geology.utah.gov/apps/hazards/. APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378 B-1 B-2 B-1 Project No. 983725 TP-1 Project No. 983725 TP-2 Project No. 983725 1220378 Exploratory Boring Locations Figure 1 PROPOSED WELL HOUSE - HITR BACKUP WELL NORTH 40.6779° & WEST 112.2431° TOOELE COUNTY, UTAH LEGEND: Borings drilled for this study Boring drilled in 1998 for AGEC Project No. 983725. Test Pit excavated in 1998 for AGEC Project No. 983725. B-1 B-1 TP-1 0 60 120 feet Approximate Scale Gravel 20%Liquid Limit - Sand 65%Plasticity Index - Silt and Clay 15%Sample Location Sample Description Gravel -Liquid Limit - Sand -Plasticity Index - Silt and Clay -Sample Location Sample Description GRADATION TEST RESULTS Figure 3 APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC. Project No. 1220378 B-1 @ 12 feet Silty Sand with Gravel 12"8" 6" 5" 4" 3" 2" 1 1/2" 1" 3/4" 1/2" 3/8" 1/4" No. 4 No. 8 No. 10No. 16 No. 30 No. 40 No. 50 No. 60 No. 80 No. 100No. 2001 Min.4 Min.19 Min.60 Min. 7Hrs. 15 Min.24 Hrs. 304.8203.2 152.4 127.0 100.0 75.0 50.0 38.1 25.0 19.0 12.5 9.5 6.3 4.750 2.360 2.0001.180 0.600 0.425 0.300 0.250 0.180 0.1500.0750.0370.0190.0090.0050.0020.001 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Pe r c e n t P a s s i n g Diameter of Particle in Millimeters Hydrometer Analysis Sieve Analysis Time Readings U.S. Standard Series Clear Square Openings Clay to Silt Sand Fine Medium Coarse Gravel Fine Coarse Cobbles Boulders 12"8" 6" 5" 4" 3" 2" 1 1/2" 1" 3/4" 1/2" 3/8" 1/4" No. 4 No. 8 No. 10No. 16 No. 30 No. 40 No. 50 No. 60 No. 80 No. 100No. 2001 Min.4 Min.19 Min.60 Min. 7Hrs. 15 Min.24 Hrs. 304.8203.2 152.4 127.0 100.0 75.0 50.0 38.1 25.0 19.0 12.5 9.5 6.3 4.750 2.360 2.0001.180 0.600 0.425 0.300 0.250 0.180 0.1500.0750.0370.0190.0090.0050.0020.001 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Pe r c e n t P a s s i n g Diameter of Particle in Millimeters Hydrometer Analysis Time Readings Sieve Analysis U.S. Standard Series Clear Square Openings Clay to Silt Sand Gravel Cobbles BouldersFineCoarseFineMediumCoarse APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC. TABLE I SUMMARY OF LABORATORY TEST RESULTS PROJECT NUMBER: 1220378 SAMPLE LOCATION NATURAL MOISTURE CONTENT (%) NATURAL DRY DENSITY (PCF) GRADATION ATTERBERG LIMITS UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (PSF) WATER SOLUBLE SULFATE (%) SAMPLE CLASSIFICATION BORING DEPTH (FEET) GRAVEL (%) SAND (%) SILT/ CLAY (%) LIQUID LIMIT (%) PLASTICITY INDEX B-1 4 8 103 20 52 28 Fill; Silty Sand with Gravel 6 7 117 21 52 27 Fill; Silty Sand with Gravel 8 8 106 28 45 27 Fill; Silty Sand with Gravel 12 5 117 20 65 15 Silty Sand with Gravel 14 3 121 41 46 13 Silty Sand with Gravel APPENDIX EXPLORATION LEGS AND LABORATORY TEST RESULTS AGEC PROJECT NO. 983725 APPLIED GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC.1220378