DSHW-2014-010609 - 0901a0688047a99e

Division cf
Solid and Hazardous Wa>tf'
August 8, 2014
8200-FY15-023
Mr. Scott T. Anderson, Executive Secretary
State ofUtah Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Solid and Hazardous Waste
195 N.1950 W.
P.O. Box 144880
Salt Lake City, Utah 84114-4880
Re: ATK Launch Systems-Promontory EPA ID number UTD009081357
AUG 0 8 2014
2014-0tObD<J
Revised Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol for Evaluation of the Open
Burning and Open Detonation Units at A TK Launch Systems in Promontory,
Utah
Dear Mr. Anderson:
Enclosed is the Revised Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol for the Open Burning
and Open Detonation Treatment Units at A TK Launch Systems Promontory Facility. The
information contained in this Protocol will be used to conduct the Human Health Risk
Assessments for ATK's OB/OD operations.
Please contact me if you have any questions concerning _this report. My telephone
number is [phone] or you can contact Blair Palmer at [phone].
Sincerely
c?J~~~
George E. Gooch, Manager
Environmental Compliance
cc: Jeff V andel
ATK LAUNCH SYSTEMS
r~
, Division of
Solid and Hazardous Waste
AUG 0 8 2014
2011-0I OW»
HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
PROTOCOL
FOR EVALUATION OF THE
OPEN BURNING AND OPEN DETONATION
UNITS
ATK LAUNCH SYSTEMS
PROMONTORY, UTAH
AUGUST 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 REVISED HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT PROTOCOL. ..................................... l
1 .I Overview and Purpose ................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 2
2.0 Identification of Constituents of Potential Concern .................................................................. 5
2.1 Identifying Emission Sources and Emissions Rates ................................................................... 7
2.1.1 Identification of Emissions Sources ................................................................................................... 7
2.1.2 Summary of Emissions Rates ............................................................................................................. 8
2.2 Identifying Compounds of Potential Concern .......................................................................... 10
2.2.1 Step I Trial Burn and Fugitive Ernissions ........................................................................................ l2
2.2.2 Step 2 Is Non-detected Compound Present in the Waste? ................................................................ l5
2.2.3 Step 3 Is the Non-detected Chemical Likely to be a Product of Incomplete Combustion? .............. 20
2.2.4 Step 4 Are there: Related site-specific factors and is it possibly emitted? ....................................... 27
2.3 Category E/Flare Wastes·········································································:································ 27
3.0 Exposure Assessment ................................................................................................................. 29
3.1 Exposure Setting Characterization ............................................................................................ 30
3.2 Exposure Scenarios ................................................................................................................... 31
3.2.1 Farmer and Farmer Child ................................................................................................................. 34
3.2.2 Adult and Child Resident ................................................................................................................. 34
3.2.3 Acute Risk ........................................................................................................................................ 35
3.2.4 Industrial Worker and Future Worker .............................................................................................. 35
3.3 Evaluation of Mercury .............................................................................................................. 35
3.4 Evaluation of Chromium .......................................................................................................... 36
3.5 Estimation of Media Concentrations ........................................................................................ 36
3.5.1 Calculation of COPC Concentrations in Air for Direct Inhalation ................................................... 36
3.5.2 Calculation of COPC Concentrations in Soil ................................................................................... 37
3.5.3 Calculation of COPC Concentration in Produce .............................................................................. 37
3.5.4 Calculation of COPC Concentrations in Beef and Dairy Products ................................................... 38
3.5.5 Calculation of COPC Concentrations in Pork .................................................................................. 39
3.5.6 Calculation of COPC Concentrations in Chicken and Eggs ............................................................. 39
3.6 Quantifying Exposure ............................................................................................................... 40
3.6.1 Breast Milk Exposure ....................................................................................................................... 41
4.0 Risk and Hazard Characterization ........................................................................................... 42
4.1 Carcinogenic Risk ..................................................................................................................... 42
4.2 Noncarcinogenic Risk ............................................................................................................... 43
4.3 Risks for Nursing Infants .......................................................................................................... 45
4.4 Acute Exposure Resulting from Direct Inhalation .................................................................. .46
4.5 Comparison of Modeled Air Concentrations to Utah Toxic Screening Levels ........................ 48
4.6 Interpretation of Carcinogenic and Noncarcinogenic Risk Assessment Results ...................... 49
5.0 Uncertainty Assessment ............................................................................................................. 51
5.1 Uncertainty in the Selection of Emissions Factors ................................................................... 51
5.2 Uncertainty in the Inclusion of Method Blanks and Background ............................................. 51
5.3 Uncertainty Associated with Modeled Air Concentrations and Deposition ............................. 52
5.4 Uncertainty in Chemical Uptake, Food Chain Modeling and Dose Estimates ......................... 53
5.5 Potential Exposures to Hunters at Salt Creek Waterfowl Management Area and Bear River
Migratory Bird Refuge ....................................................................................................................... 53
5.6 Uncertainty in the Overall Risk Estimates ................................................................................ 54
6.0 References ................................................................................................................................... 55
7.0 Figures ......................................................................................................................................... 62
8.0 Tables ........................................................................................................................................... 64
ii
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1 LOCATION OF ATK PROMONTORY M-136 AND M-225 TREATMENT UNITS AND
DISCRETE MODELING RECEPTORS, PROMONTORY, UTAH ............................................ 63
TABLE OF TABLES
Table 1-1 Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK' s Approved 2011 Human Health Risk
Assessment Protocol<a> .......................................................................................................... 65
Table 2-1 Chemicals of Potential Concern, Detections and Emissions Factors for A TK
Promontory HHRA ............................................................................................................... 77
Table 2-2 Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry, and their Potential to
be Emitted by ATK ............................................................................................................... 85
Table 2-3 Table of Potential Elements/Compounds in Flare Wastes, and Associated Dose-
Response Information ........................................................................................................... 96
Table 3-1 Summary of On-Site Receptors, ATK Promontory, Utah ........................................ 97
Table 3-2 Summary of Off-Site Receptors, ATK Promontory, Utah ....................................... 98
Table 3-3 Summary of Receptors and Exposure Pathways, ATK Promontory, Utah .............. 99
Table 3-4 Exposure Assumptions, A TK Promontory, Utah ................................................... 100
Table 3-5 Site Specific Inputs, ATK Promontory, Utah ......................................................... 101
Table 3-6 Chemical Parameters Not in the HHRAP Database, ATK Promontory, Utah ....... 102
Table 3-7 Biotransfer Factors Not in the HHRAP Database, ATK Promontory, Utah .......... 103
111
Table 4-1 Changes in Oral Slope Factor Toxicity Data, ATK Promontory, Utah ................. 104
Table 4-2 Changes in Inhalation Unit Risk Factor Toxicity Data, ATK Promontory, Utah. 105
Table 4-3 Changes in Oral Reference Dose Toxicity Data, ATK Promontory, Utah ........... 106
Table 4-4 Changes in Inhalation Reference Concentration Toxicity Data, ATK Promontory,
Utah ................................................................................................................................. 107
Table 4-5 Human Health Data for Chemicals not in the HHRAP Database, ATK Promontory,
Utah ................................................................................................................................. 108
Table 4-6 Acute Inhalation Exposure Criteria, ATK Promontory, Utah ................................ 112
iv
ABBREVIATIONS
2,3,7,8-TCDD
AP
ATK
BEHP
COPC
DNOP
DOD
HHRAP
HHRAP
HMX
i-RAP-h View
NAAQS
NASA
OB
OD
OSHA
PAHs
PICs
POHCs
RDX
SVOCs
TCDD-TE
TDA
TDI
TNT
UDSHW
VOCs
2,3, 7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
Ammonium Perchlorate
ATK Launch Systems
Bis-ethyl hexyl phthalate
Chemicals of Potential Concern
Di(n)octyl phthalate
Department of Defense
Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol
Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol for Hazardous Waste Combustion
Facilities
High Melting explosive ( octah ydro-1 ,3 ,5, 7 -tetranitro-1 ,3 ,5, 7 -tetra)
Industrial Risk Assessment Program
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Open burning
Open detonation
Occupational Safety and Health Association
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Products of Incomplete Combustion
Principle Organic Hazardous Constituents
Royal Dutch explosive (hexahydro-1 ,3,5-trinitro-1 ,3,5-triazine)
Semi Volatile Organic Compounds
Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin -Toxic Equivalents
Toluenediamine
Toluene diisocyanate
Trinitrotoluene
Utah Department of Environmental Quality Division of Solid and Hazardous
Waste
Volatile Organic Compounds
v
1.0 REVISED HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT PROTOCOL
1.1 Overview and Purpose
In June 2011, the Utah Department of Environmental Quality Division of Solid and Hazardous
Waste (DEQ) approved a Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol (HHRAP) (TetraTech,
2011 a) to evaluate potential emissions from ATK Launch Systems (ATK), Brigham City, Utah,
open burning (OB) and open detonation (OD) units. These units treat propellants and propellant
contaminated materials, and waste from other manufacturing processes. The protocol was in
support of A TK Subpart X Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) permit
requirements. The approved HHRAP document was prepared using a number of assumptions
consistent with risk assessment guidance at that time, but since then a number of risk assessment
assumptions have been revised, and the model used to calculate air concentrations and deposition
has been improved to incorporate a more "state of the art" modeling protocol for ODOB
practices. In addition, the emissions have been re-evaluated to cover a wider range of materials
processed at the burning grounds. The protocol also assumed that wastes contained some
material that were not used or processed by A TK, and that by-products were generated when it is
highly unlikely that the processed used by ATK actually generated these by-products.
In 2012, Tetra Tech prepared a Revised Air Dispersion Modeling Assessment Report for Open
Burn and Open Detonation Treatment Units at ATK Launch Systems Brigham City, Utah (July
2012. (Second Modeling Report, TetraTech 2102) This second modeling report was not
approved by the Utah DEQ, but has been added to the administrative record as correspondence
between ATK and DEQ. Following discussions between A TK and the DEQ, on the best
techniques for modeling open burn /open detonation (OB/OD) emissions, a revised air dispersion
model protocol was prepared by CB&I (formerly Shaw Environmental) called the ADDENDUM
Air Dispersion Modeling Protocol for Open Burning and Open Detonation at ATK Launch
Systems in Promontory, Utah (CB&I, February 2013).
The purpose of this revision of the human health risk assessment protocol is to systematically re-
examine overly conservative and now out-of-date assumptions related to OB/OD emissions
reflected in the 2011 Approved Protocol; provide alternative assumptions and approaches;
provide site-specific information; and, where appropriate, scientific literature to support the
proposed changes in the risk assessment methodology. In addition, this revision retains the
original purpose of presenting the methodology and parameters that will be used in estimating
and characterizing the potential risks and hazards associated with OB and OD operations at M-
136 and M-225. Based on the information provided, ATK proposes acceptance of this protocol,
including the alternative assumptions and approaches, to support the development of risk and
hazard estimates more indicative of actual unit operations over the life of the RCRA operating
permit.
This Revised HHRAP will be used in conjunction with the DEQ-approved revised modeling
protocol developed by CB&I (2013), to develop risk estimates for the RCRA Subpart X permit.
1.2 Introduction
ATK currently operates OB and OD units for the treatment of propellants, propellant
contaminated materials, and other wastes. These treatment units are identified as M-136 and M-
225 are indicated on Figure 1, a map of the risk assessment study area, and are subject to RCRA
40 CFR 264 Subpart X permitting requirements for miscellaneous treatment units. ATK is
required by permit condition to evaluate the human health risk associated with the units.
The HHRA will be prepared in accordance with the USEPA guidance document titled, Human
Health Risk Assessment Protocol for Hazardous Waste Combustion Facilities (HHRAP)
(USEPA, 2005). Risk estimates will be produced using the commercially available software
provided by Lakes Environmental, Industrial Risk Assessment Program-Human Health for the
U.S.EPA OSW Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol (Lakes, 2014), referred to as i-RAP-h
View, with the modifications identified in this protocol. The risk assessment will be prepared
using version 4.03 of the i-RAP-h View program, or the latest version at the time of protocol
approval. Based on conversations with Lakes Environmental, a new version of the i-RAP-h
View model may be released in 2014, if this revised version is unavailable at the time the
protocol is approved, the current version will be used. The risk assessment will include both
direct and indirect exposure pathways. Direct risks address exposure to constituents emitted
from the OB/OD sources through inhalation. The dermal contact exposure pathway is
considered insignificant, and will not be evaluated quantitatively. Indirect risks address exposure
to constituents emitted from the OB/OD sources resulting from contact with soil, plants, on
2
which emitted constituents have been deposited or taken up via root uptake, and the ingestion of
above-ground produce, beef and milk, and mother's milk.
Prior to conducting the HHRA, it is important to characterize the OB/OD facility. Basic facility
information is provided to enable reviewers to establish a contextual sense of the facility
regarding how it relates to other facilities. There are two key documents that support this revised
HHRA protocol and the subsequent risk assessment: the Waste Characterization and Air
Dispersion Modeling Protocol document section 1,2,3 (Tetra Tech, 2011), and the Addendum
Air Dispersion Modeling Protocol (CB&I, 2013). These documents provide information on the
facility setting, production processes, normal and maximum production rates, the types of waste
treated, and the quantities of waste stored and treated are provided in the CB&I protocol (20 13 ).
The revised model is a hybrid model of the USEPA's OBODM and AERMOD models, and is
more appropriate for ATK's facility because it uses OBODM to model the open bum and open
detonation process, and uses AERMOD, to model downwind dispersion because it is a better
model for plume dispersion based on state-of-the art understanding of atmospheric turbulence, its
ability to handle complex terrain, and deposition characteristics.
The results of site characterization are incorporated into the air dispersion model. The air
dispersion model predicts the air quality impact from the M-136 and M-225 treatment units, and
the results of the air dispersion modeling analysis are imported into the Lake's HHRA model.
An overview of the dispersion model is included in the air modeling protocol.
This Revised HHRAP is based on the approved 2011 TetraTech HHRAP (TetraTech, 2011a).
Section 2 develops a list of Chemicals of Potential Concern (COPCs) for Promontory, based on
Table 1 of the 2011 HHRAP, with modifications. Table 1-1 in this report reproduces Table 1 of
the 2011 HHRAP, but the list of COPC has been alphabetized, and shows another column
indicating if the COl was detected in one or both of the Open Detonation/Open Bum (ODOBi)
tests conducted by A TK in 1997 and 2006. The COPCs and emissions factors identified in this
Revised HHRAP are similar to those listed as COPCs in Table 1-1 (the COPCs from 2011), with
some minor modifications, as discussed in Section 2.
Sections 3 through Section 6 of this revised HHRAP contain essentially the same information,
with minor revisions, and address the basic components of risk assessment: exposure assessment,
3
toxicity assessment, risk characterization, and uncertainty. This protocol identifies the default
exposure pathways, and parameters identified for the A TK Promontory Facility, that are
consistent with the USEPA's incineration risk assessment guidance. Any exceptions to these
pathways or parameters, and the rationale for their use, are identified in this protocol.
4
2.0 IDENTIFICATION OF CONSTITUENTS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN
The Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol (HHRAP)for Hazardous Waste Combustion
Facilities (USEPA, 2005) identifies the methodology for selecting the COPCs, and this process
is presented in this section of the Revised HHRAP. The 2005 guidance is designed to be flexible
enough to be effective at a wide range of facilities throughout the US, especially those with
emissions stacks that may be readily sampled. The guidance is designed for a wide range of
wastes. The starting point for the COPC selection process is typically the collection of chemical
data that describes the nature of chemicals released from a facility. With normal facilities that
have emissions stacks, sampling is a relatively simple process because the stacks have sampling
ports, and the samples are submitted to an analyzing laboratory. For ATK, where there is no
stack to sample, emissions are determined by conducting small-scale experiments in a chamber
that allows for the emissions to be sampled. In these tests, particulate matter and volatile gasses
are sampled and submitted to an analytical laboratory for a full suite of analyses. This list of
chemicals is the starting point for the COPC selection process. Not all of the analytes in these
analytical suites are necessarily relevant to test bundles, and the COPC selection process is
undertaken to determine the chemicals that will be used in the risk assessment. The COPC
selection process is described in more detail below, and in summary it has the following steps: if
a chemical is detected it is selected as a COPCs and carried into the risk assessment; list the other
analytes at their detection limit and determine if they are in the wastes being processed (if Yes,
consider the chemical a COPC); determine if the chemical is a potential product of incomplete
combustion, (if Yes, consider the chemical a COPC), and if the chemical is not detected, not
present in the wastes being processed and not a potential product of incomplete combustion, the
chemical is not considered a COPC.
The COPC and their emissions rates are used to model estimated ambient air concentrations and
the concentrations of COPCs that might deposit onto soil. Criteria Pollutants carbon dioxides
(C02), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter-2.5 micron (PM2.5),
and particulate matter-10 micron (PM10) are assessed against National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS), and will be excluded from the HHRA. They are excluded from the risk
assessment process because health effects are incorporated in the standard. These parameters are
5
evaluated in the air dispersion modeling report by comparing modeled air concentrations to the
NAAQS (CB&I, 2014). Lead is the only criteria pollutant that will be evaluated in the HHRA.
In addition to comparing estimated air concentrations to NAAQS, modeled air concentrations,
are also compared with Utah's Toxic Screening Levels, to ensure that the concentrations are in
compliance.
In addition, as indicated in Table 1-1, low molecular-weight volatile compounds (such as ethane
and methane) that have very low human toxicity and do not bioaccumulate in the food chains
will also not be evaluated in the HHRA.
ATK's waste stream is relatively homogeneous, and is predominantly a high-energy mixture of
the strong oxidizer perchlorate based propellant mixed with high temperature burning aluminum
fuel bounded into polymer resins, unused rocket and missile motors, a small volume of wastes
from the manufacturing of flares or Category E/Flare wastes, and laboratory waste from the
facility that may contain low levels of waste energetic compounds. The aluminum fuel coupled
with the perchlorate oxidizer and other energetic materials are designed to bum rapidly and
completely at high temperatures (around 5000° F compared to 1500°F at commercial
incinerators). ATK's destruction facility is unlike the majority of combustion facilities covered
by the HHRAP guidance that have stacks or fuel fired burners. A TK has an open burning
process that attempts to have a combustion process where high temperature burning helps
eliminate higher molecular weight compounds, and leave little or no significant residues at the
end of the process. Because there is no stack, Open Detonation/Open Bum incinerator (ODOBi)
emissions are based on tests performed in contained test environments where particulate and
gaseous emissions were sampled and the collected byproducts were analyzed (ATK, 1998; ATK
2009).
The USEPA's step-by-step COPC selection process is identified in Figure 2-3 of the USEPA's
2005 combustion guidance. The compounds concerned and the basis for their selection or
elimination is provided in the subsections below.
6
2.1 Identifying Emission Sources and Emissions Rates
2.1.1 Identification of Emissions Sources
There are two emissions sources at ATK Promontory: M-136, and M225. The description of the
sources provided below is taken from Section 4 (Emission Sources and Parameters) of the
modeling protocol.
M-136 Stations
M-136 has 14 burn stations (1 through 14) and any one of the following alternative and mutually
exclusive scenarios could occur in these stations:
Scenario M-136-A
• A 1: OB in six of Burn Stations 1 through 12 at 16,000 pounds (lbs) in each station
totaling 96,000 lbs reactive waste weight per event.
• A2: 10,000 lbs reactive waste weight per event in Burn Station 13
• A3: 16,000 lbs reactive waste weight per event in Burn Station 14
Scenario M-136-B
• B: OB of 125,000 lbs of large rocket motors in Station 14
Scenario M-136-C
• C: OD of 600 lbs reactive waste in Stations 13 and 14 each, totaling 1,200 lbs
reactive waste weight per event
Any one of Scenarios M-136-A, M-136-B, or M-136-C could occur during a single treatment
event, and these scenarios would not occur simultaneously. Furthermore, only one treatment
event-either Scenario M-136-A, M-136-B, or M-136-C-is considered to occur at M-136 per
day. Within AERMOD, each scenario was modeled separately to obtain individual results to
evaluate the impact of each of the operating scenarios.
M-225 Stations
M-225 has four bum stations (1 through 4) and any one of the following alternative and mutually
exclusive scenarios could occur in these stations:
7
Scenario M-225-A
• A: OB of 1, 125 lbs of reactive waste in each of the Bum Stations 1 through 4 for a total
of 4,500 lbs reactive waste weight per event
Scenario M-225-B
• B: OD of 600 lbs of reactive waste in Station 1
Either of the Scenarios M-225-A or M-225-B could occur during a single treatment event, and
these scenarios would not occur simultaneously. Furthermore, only one treatment event-either
Scenario M-225-A or M-225-B-is considered to occur at M-225 per day. Within AERMOD,
each scenario was modeled separately to obtain individual results to evaluate the impact of each
of the operating scenarios.
2.1.2 Summary of Emissions Rates
ATK's waste profiles were relatively constant for many years, and were predominantly the
results of the disposal of 1.3-Class propellant wastes with small amounts of 1.1-Class wastes,
contaminated waste, and visual distress flare manufacturing wastes. Recently, the percentage of
1.3-Class propellant wastes has decreased, and the objective of re-evaluation is to provide ATK
with a flexible operating permit and minimize or perhaps eliminate the need for a permit
modification during the life of the permit. based on the inclusion of higher amounts of 1.1-Class
wastes. To this end, the emissions factors from ODOBi tests performed using ATK's 1.3-Class
(ATK, 2007), and the 1.1-Class (ATK, 1998) wastes are being considered. The 2006 tests (with
results published in 2009) for 1.3-Class propellants are described above. The 1997 (results
published in 1998) tests using 1.1-Class propellant test samples were prepared with 65 percent
1.1-Class propellant and 35 percent waste material. To be conservative, the emissions factors
from both tests were compiled and brought into the COPC selection process. The higher
emissions were selected, except in very specific cases.
In addition, from time to time, illumination flare wastes are present in low amounts in A TK' s
wastes, and although there are no specific emissions factors for these wastes, they contain
compounds that will be evaluated by comparing the toxicity of these chemicals to the relative
toxicity of other chemicals that were present in the ODOBi tests, for which risks will be
calculated. This is discussed in more detail in Section 2.3.
8
The Sampling Results for Emissions Characterization of Open Burning Waste Propellant
Materials (ATK, 2009) report provides details of the wastes processed by ATK and describes the
study used to determine the nature of the emissions from the processing of these wastes. These
test results form the basis of the emissions that are modeled, as described in Air Dispersion
Modeling Protocol for Open Burning and Open Detonation at ATK Launch Systems in
Promontory, Utah (CB&I, February 2013).
With the goal of keeping the risk assessment process relatively simple and understandable, yet
conservative, that is, to capture a reasonable maximum exposure and risk level from ATK's
process, emissions factors will be selected in accordance with the following process. In
summary, one emissions table (Table 2-1) has been developed that summarizes the emissions
factors that will be used in the process. To capture the potential emissions from a wide range of
wastes, and allow for flexibility in operations, but with the aim of being also conservative the
following process was used:
• Where a constituent is detected in either the 1.3-or 1.1-Class ODOBi test, the emissions
factor is developed from the highest detection in all of the tests.
• Where one test showed the presence of a chemical and the other did not, the chemical is
assumed to be present at the level detected, and the emissions factor is based on the
detected concentration.
• Where a chemical is not detected in any ODOBi test (1.3-or 1.1-Class) the highest
detection limit is used to develop the emissions factor, with the following exceptions:
o Where higher molecular weight polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are
not detected, and are not formed in 1.3-Class waste emissions (see section
2.2.3.3), the detection limit for 1.1-Class wastes is used.
o Dioxins and difurans are evaluated as classes of compounds, and the 1.3-Class
detections are used because they lead to a higher 2,3-7 ,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-
dioxin toxic equivalent factor (TCDD-TEQ), and so higher risk (see section
2.2.1.2).
o Benzidine, 3,3 '-dimethyl/dichlorobenzidine, 2-acetylaminofluorene,
3-methylcholanthrene and 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene are eliminated from the
9
process for reasons provided in section 2.2.2.4 and 2.2.3.3, respectively. No
emissions factors are provided for these constituents.
The ODOBi tests were conducted with relatively small amounts of pure propellant wastes (2,130
grams (g)), and less propellant/trash wastes (873g). The processing conducted by ATK typically
involves 10,000-50,000 pounds (lbs) per burn, which results in more intense temperatures than
seen in the ODOBi studies. Also, the open burning process has adequate oxygen because there is
no constriction to airflow (ATK Promontory Permit Attachment 11, January 2014).
There are a number of key issues for the development of emissions factors from the test profiles,
and the ODOBi testing:
• A TK profiles all of the wastes that are sent to the burning grounds to determine the
nature of the wastes and to obtain a general inventory of the waste streams.
• ATK's wastes do not contain the metals lead, mercury, or chromium, and ATK strives to
keep these metals out of their wastes. There are some exceptions: laboratory waste of
barium chromate, and lead fulminate, these are present in such low quantities (milligram
quantities in contaminated waste); and from the Group D, profile #PR49 (primary
explosive with lead) which contains lead styphnate at 44% lead and lead azide at 71%
lead. Even though there is more of these wastes than for lead fulminate, they are not
considered consequential relative to the thousands of pounds processed by ATK in a
single burn. An emissions factor for lead is provided, but there are no dose-response
factors available for use in the Lakes model. The risks is expected to be insignificant,
but it will be evaluated by comparing the Lakes model calculated soil concentrations to
the US EPA default residential lead goal of 400 milligrams per kilogram. If the
calculated soil lead concentrations exceed this concentration the EPA's IEUBK model
(USEPA, 2010) will be used to evaluate blood lead concentrations. Barium is relatively
non-toxic, but it will also be evaluated quantitatively.
2.2 Identifying Compounds of Potential Concern
USEPA's 2005 HHRAP guidance documents the COPC selection process that allows for the
selection of compounds that should be evaluated throughout the risk assessment. Specifically in
10
the guidance, Section 2.3 and the associated Figure 2-3, COPC Identification, concisely and
clearly provides the process by which compounds are selected as COPCs and allows for the
elimination of compounds not processed or generated by the facility. The guidance is applicable
to all facilities, and so the COPC selection process provides for narrowing lists of compounds
quantitatively evaluated to capture the risks associated with the facility, and to make the process
more relevant to the facility under consideration. Narrowing the list of COPCs makes the
process more manageable, and provides a risk assessment that is less "highly uncertain" because
it is based on findings, and not assumptions. However, this revised HHRAP eliminates few
COPCs and evaluates chemicals that are detected, and those that are not detected, assuming they
are actually present at the detection limit of the test devised to measure emissions. Table 2-1
indicates which chemicals will be evaluated quantitatively. The risk assessment will use the
detection limit to calculate emissions factors. The inclusion of chemicals at their detection limit
leads to risks where there may be none, and their inclusion or exclusion will add uncertainty to
the risk assessment.
It is common in ODOBi studies to use an analytical process that attempts to quantify as many
potential principle organic hazardous constituents (POHCs) and products of incomplete
combustion (PICs) as possible. It is also common to conduct "blank" tests that help detect and
distinguish artifacts generated by the test itself. These artifacts are not related to process
emissions but are generated in the testing process. The presence of a metal or chemical
compound on the analyte list does not necessarily mean that it is expected as part of ATK's
emissions, or that it is generated by A TK; it is just part of the process used in the ODOBi
chamber.
To select COPCs for ATK's facility, the process shown in Figure 2-3 of the HHRAP (Figure 2-3,
COPC Identification; USEPA, 2005: pg 2-34) was followed. The resulting COPCs will be used
in conjunction with the DEQ-approved air quality modeling protocol to generate compound-
specific exposure point concentrations.
To summarize from the HHRAP guidance, "We recommend selecting the risk assessment COPC
from the stack test data." (USEPA, 2005; pg 2-32) In the case of Promontory, stack tests are
11
unavailable and ODOBi data serve the same function, that is, to provide a list of potential
emissions from materials processed at the facility.
2.2.1 Step 1 Trial Burn and Fugitive Emissions
The HHRAP guidance process starts with the question, "Was compound detected?" If "Yes" the
chemical is selected for quantitative evaluation in the risk assessment. Tables 1-1 and 2-l show
the chemicals detected in the ODOBi 1.3-or 1.1-Class tests, and this subsection describes in
more detail the nature of the detections. More information is available from 1.3-Class testing
than 1.1-Class tests (ATK, 2009 & ATK, 1998) ..
2.2.1.1 Metals
Data collected in the ODOBi tests were designed to mimic, to the extent possible, the conditions
used in ATK's process. ATK (2009) describes the process in more detail; test bundles
containing 1.3-Class propellant (with or without waste material) were placed in a test chamber
on stainless steel pans and ignited, as a test bundle burned the gasses emitted into the test
chamber were sampled but capturing the particulate matter, gases and volatilized chemicals in
sampling "trains" or a series of vessels designed to capture different types of chemicals. In this
process no metals would be destroyed they would simply be liberated from the materials being
burned and captured in the sampling trains.
However, there were some small but important differences in the way the ODOBi tests were
charged (ignited), and in the stainless steel pans used in the test compared with those used every
day by ATK. Test sample igniters used a nickel chromium electronic heating elements and black
powder to light the test bundles (38g was used to ignite the test bundles, and 38g was used in the
background test). The data generated by two 38g black powder tests were used to determine
background for the ignition test, and the stainless steel containing pans had a high percentage
(%) of chromium (15 % ). When the igniters and pans were exposed to the high temperatures
generated in the test by burning AP propellant, they contributed to the emissions sampled in the
ODOBi tests. A description of the background tests performed and the results are provided in the
Sampling Results for Emission Characterization Of Open Burning Waste Propellant Materials
Volume /-Summary Report (ATK, 2009). The emissions factors provided in Table 2-1 have not
12
been adjusted or reduced to account for any contributions of emissions from background, and the
potential increased risk associated with the inclusion of background emissions from the test
igniters will be discussed in the uncertainty section of the risk assessment.
High levels of substances, such as chromium, generated in the ODOBi studies should be
considered testing artifacts, as they are not associated with ATK's normal operations. Consistent
with guidance, these artifacts of the ODOBi study will not be eliminated, but the risks will be
quantitatively evaluated, and the uncertainties related with these chemicals will be addressed in
the Uncertainty Section of this revised HHRA.
Chromium is a good example of where the ODOBi tests are likely affected by the presence of
substances in the test. ATK has analyzed their waste streams for the presence of chromium.
Ammonium perchlorate (AP) propellant contains 16 percent aluminum, which contains between
0 and 20 parts per million (ppm) chromium (ATK, 2013b). If it were assumed that aluminum
contains 20ppm chromium, AP waste would contain between zero and 3.2 ppm. However, the
ODOBi test released up to 130ppm (1.3x10-5 lbs/lb, Table 7, ATK, 2007), more chromium than
available in the waste. Therefore, there has to be an alternative source of chromium to complete
the mass balance. The burn pans contained 15% chromium in the steel, and provided the
additional chromium found in the emissions. The chromium in the stainless steel pans has been
shown to aerosolize during welding. In 2003, welding fumes were sampled to protect workers
during steel pan welding operations (ATK, 2003). The air during welding was found to contain
0.6 to 3.3 micrograms of chromium per cubic meter of air (Jlglm\ or 0.28 to 1.6 ppm. The
temperatures attained during the open burn and open detonation process were high, and
TetraTech, 2011b (pg. 4-6) indicated flame temperatures of 4976°F (100% AP propellant),
2950°F (85% AP propellant), and 2260°F (65% AP propellant). These temperatures were higher
than temperatures found in steel welding operations ( 1500°F) (NiDI, 1988), and welding data
from ATK shows that chromium was generated during welding the open bum and open
detonation pans in the ODOBi Chamber (ATK, 2003). Therefore, during the test the
aerosolization of chromium from the test pans could lead to an overestimation of chromium risk
from ATK's emissions. The potential contribution of chromium from stainless steel pans to the
test emissions versus the emissions of chromium under normal operating conditions will be
discussed in the uncertainty section of the risk assessment.
13
2.2.1.2 Dioxins and Difurans
It is known from previous risk assessments of this type that chemical compounds that
bioaccumulate and magnify in food chains often present the majority of the risk from the open
burn and open detonation process, and the groups of compounds known as dioxins and difurans
are of the greatest interest. Dioxins and difurans were detected in the ODOBi tests, and will be
evaluated quantitatively as a class of compounds, rather than on a compound-by-compound
basis, an approach that is consistent with USEPA, 2005. When selecting the emissions factors
for these classes of compounds, the revised HHRAP will use the 1-3-Class emissions factors. By
way of example, to show that the 1.3-Class waste emissions factors are a conservative choice for
the HHRAP, the table below shows the emissions of the most toxic dioxin congener, 2,3,7,8-
tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) for the 1.3-and 1.1-Class AP waste compared with the
TCDD-toxic equivalents (TCDD-TE), or the sum of the dioxin wastes multiplied by their toxic
equivalents factor.
Comparison of Emissions from 1.3-and 1.1-Ciass Wastes
Emission Factor (lbflb)
Chemical of Potential Concern 1.3-Class 1.1-Class
Emissions Emissions
2,3,7,8-TCDD (single compound) 2.3E-12 6.3E-11
TCDD-TE (the class of carcinogenic 1.8E-10 3.8E-Il
dibenzooxins and dibenzofurans)
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins are a mix of 75 congeners (molecules with different numbers of
chlorines in different positions), and polychlorinated dibenzodifurans have 135 congeners. To
capture the risk from so many different compounds the risk assessment process uses one value
that combines the toxic potency for each molecule compared with 2,3,7,8-TCDD, to give TCDD-
Toxic Equivalents (TCDD-TE). The table above also shows the TCDD-TE for the 1.3-and 1.1-
Classes of waste. Assuming the risk is directly related to the emissions, the higher the emissions,
the higher the risk, and the table above shows that there are higher TCDD-TE emissions from the
1.3-Class wastes.
14
Therefore, the 1.3-Class propellants would have more dioxin risk than the 1.1-Class, and
therefore the 1.3-Class emissions are considered the higher and are used to represent emissions
from ATK materials. It can be seen that the TCDD-TE for the 1.3-Class waste is higher by
almost a factor of five.
A systemic discussion of the non-detected chemicals follows in Section 2.2.2: in summary,
where a chemical was analyzed and not detected it was included for quantitative evaluation in
the HHRA except where there is practical, operational, scientific or technical support for the
chemical will be eliminated. Non-detected chemicals that were eliminated were discussed with
DEQ, and are justified in the text provided below.
2.2.2 Step 2 Is Non-detected Compound Present in the Waste?
The next question from Figure 2-3 in the HHRAP guidance asks, "Is non-detected compound
present in waste?" The chemicals not detected in the emissions from ATK's ODOBi tests are
indicated in Table 2-1. Table 2-2 provides a description of the non-detected chemical name with
a brief description of its use by industry, and a column indicating if A TK uses the compound (or
if it might be used by ATK), or if it is likely to be in ATK's waste streams. Table 2-2 also
indicates if the non-detected chemicals might be formed in the open bum and open detonation
process.
ATK is selective about its waste streams and does not accept general commercial wastes from
outside sources. However, ATK accepts wastes from their own clients, such as Department of
Defense (DOD) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and ATK has
typically originated these materials, which include unused rocket motors, and other process
waste streams related to businesses at their facilities. The primary waste stream is resin bound
perchlorate oxidizer mixed with aluminum as the fuel that may, in some formulations, contain
energetic compounds such as HMX (high melting explosive) and RDX (Royal Dutch explosive).
Pure propellant bums around 4976°F (TetraTech, 2011b), in comparison to municipal
incinerators, which are designed to reach a maximum temperature of 1,560°F, and hazardous
waste incinerators, which burn at 1,400 to 2,200°F. Aluminum burns at 6920°F; any material
burned with the propellant burns quickly and at high temperatures. ATK also processes
15
discarded rocket motors from various discontinued programs that contain highly energetic solid
rocket fuel materials, and illumination flare wastes.
The chemicals in Table 2-2 were not detected in ATK's emissions. If they were present, they
would be quantified at the lower limit of quantitation, or at concentrations above their detection
limits. Detection limits vary for each chemical and are also shown in Table 2-2. The chemicals
in Table 2-2 have been grouped for ease of analysis, and a general summary is provided here.
2.2.2.1 Metals
Metals cannot be generated in the open bum and open detonation process, and the following
metals were not detected and so may only be present if they are present in the wastes: barium,
cobalt, magnesium, mercury, selenium and thallium.
Barium is·a metal with low toxicity, and it will be evaluated quantitatively. Cobalt will also be
evaluated quantitatively. Magnesium was eliminated from the 2011 HHRAP because it is
considered an essential nutrient and is generally considered as safe, and to be consistent with the
2011 HHRAP it will not be evaluated quantitatively. In March 2014, ATK analyzed propellant
for the presence of mercury and it was not detected at a method detection limit of 0.03 mglkg or
30 micrograms per kilogram (ATK, 20 14b ). The most abundant form of mercury is inorganic
mercury (II), and an emissions factor was determined (Table 2-1) for the quantitative evaluation
of mercury. The Lakes model evaluates mercury as particulate bound, and mercury vapor, and
based on the analysis of A TK' s waste stream the actual amount of mercury in emissions is
expected to be low. Dimethyl mercury is not expected as this is know to be a sediment related
form of mercury, and will not be formed. Selenium is a low abundance metal that will be
evaluated quantitatively. Thallium will also be evaluated quantitatively; it was excluded during
the COPC selection process in 2011 because there was no dose response information available.
However, dose-response data are available at this time.
2.2.2.2 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Alcohols are used in many laboratories; low molecular weight alcohols are relatively volatile,
and alcohols bum readily. Ethers are used as solvents and also bum easily, but the high
molecular weight ethers shown in Table 2-2 are not used by ATK. Phenols are aromatic alcohols
16
used in the manufacture of synthetic organic compounds, such as dyes, pharmaceuticals, and
agricultural products. ATK does not use phenols in its manufacturing process. Phenols are used
in carbon cloths that wrap motors, and will be included in the risk assessment. Some phenol and
chlorophenol compounds were detected in the ODOBi studies, as shown in Table 2-1.
Pentachlorophenol is a wood preservative and is not used by ATK; however, this compound will
also be evaluated quantitative. Alcohols, phenols and ethers will also be evaluated
quantitatively.
2.2.2.3 Aldehydes
The broad class of aldehydes listed in Table 2-2 is not used by ATK. The non-detected
aldehydes in this table will be evaluated quantitatively.
2.2.2.4 Amine, Aniline, Hydrazine and Benzidine Compounds
Amines are found in some polymer components and in some epoxy-based resins that are used in
rocket motors. These polymer materials may have amines present, but only low levels of free
amine would be present in these polymer matrices. However, the risks from amines will be
evaluated quantitatively.
Hydrazine is used as a liquid fuel in some rocket motors, specifically in the power nozzles,
direction and control systems. It is not used in solid rocket fuels. Liquid propellants containing
hydrazine are not treated by OB/OD at the Promontory facility. Hydrazine is highly flammable,
especially in combination with other fuels, and if it were present it would be rapidly destroyed.
Based on comment-responses with the Utah DSHW, hydrazine and diphenylhydrazine will not
be considered quantitatively in the risk assessment.
Benzidine compounds (benzidine, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine and 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine) are not
contained in ATK's wastes, nor would they be found in ATK's emissions. The predominant uses
for benzidine and benzidine-compounds were in the production of dyes, especially azo dyes in
the leather, textile, and paper industries. However, benzidine, and benzidine-compounds are no
longer produced for commercial sale in the United States. In 1973, Occupational Safety and
Health Association (OSHA) regulations banned United States production of benzidine. In
addition, benzidine is no longer imported into the United States nor is it used in any significant
17
amounts by industry (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; ATSDR, 1995). A TK
does not import or use benzidine and benzidine-compounds, and they would not be found in
ATK's waste streams.
The emissions data from the ODOBi test bums using some propellant/waste bundles showed no
presence of benzidine. Based on the lack of detections, and the unstable nature of the benzidine
molecule, and the high temperatures involved, benzidine and benzidine-compounds are not
believed to be present, and will not be quantified.
2.2.2.5 Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
P AHs are found in oils, coal tars and coal. They are not manufactured or used by A TK, and are
unlikely to be found in ATK's wastes. PAHs are used in chemical and biochemical research, but
not in energetics or propellant research. Selected P AHs may be generated as PICs during the
open bum and open detonation process; they are discussed in greater depth below (see Section
2.2.3.3).
2.2.2.6 Phthalates
Phthalates were detected in ATK's ODOBi studies. They are a component of polymer
formulations and are found in small quantities in ATK's manufacturing process. These
compounds are used in the plastics industry, and may be found in some plastic wastes burned by
A TK. Phthalates are generally used in small quantities in plastics, and because plastics only
represent a small percentage of ATK's waste, they are unlikely to be present in any significant
quantity in the emissions. Small quantities of plastics are used in the manufacture of motors, and
a description of the phthalates possibly used by ATK is shown in Table 2-2. In earlier guidance
USEPA recommended always including bis(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (BEHP) and di(n-octyl)
phthalate (DNOP) in every risk assessment. USEPA no longer recommends automatically
including phthalates in risk assessments (USEPA, 2005; pg 259). In their guidance, USEPA
indicates that there is no apparent mechanism for phthalate to be formed as products of
incomplete combustion (PICs) by burning other chemical compounds. Two phthalates were
detected in the ODOBi tests, and are most likely due to being present in waste, or a laboratory
artifact, as phthalates are commonly found in analytical laboratory background. Guidance
18
indicates that facilities that burn plastics or materials with phthalate plasticizers should carefully
consider the potential for phthalate plasticizers to exist in gaseous emissions due to incomplete
combustion. The phthalates BEHP and DNOP were detected in ATK's test emissions and
phthalates will be considered quantitatively.
2.2.2.7 Nitroaromatic compounds
Nitroaromatic compounds are present in different forms of energetic compounds and motor
fuels. Nitroaromatic organic compounds such as 1 ,3-dinitrobenzene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 2,6-
dinitrotoluene, nitrobenzene, and pentachloronitrobenzene (or close relatives such as
toluenediamine [TDA] and toluene diisocyanate [TDI]-derivatives of dinitrotoluene) are
typically associated with explosives. Dinitrotoluene is used to make two products: trinitrotoluene
and TDA. Nitrocarbon compounds are a significant component of RDX (hexahydro-1 ,3,5-
trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) and HMX (octahydro.-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetra). Neither of these
were detected, and it is unlikely that nitrobenzene compounds were generated because these
compounds contain no aromatic rings. However, trinitrotoluene (TNT) may be present in
explosive mixtures processed by ATK. Nitroaromatic compounds will be evaluated
quantitatively. All of these compounds including RDX and HMX are energetically unstable.
Understandably no residues of these compounds were detected. All of these compounds fuel the
burning process and are likely consumed by the process. HMX and RDX are unlikely to survive
the process and they will not be evaluated quantitatively. Because it is unlikely that HMX,
RDX, and TNT residues may result from incomplete treatment, and these explosives will be
added to the list of analytes to be monitored under the operating permit.
Other Semi Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) are
identified in Table 2-2. The majority of these compounds are research compounds or used by
synthetic chemistry laboratories in the manufacture of synthetic chemicals. On occasion, ATK
uses liquid solvents in their laboratories. ATK takes significant steps to prevent the open
burning of solvents but contracts disposal through a licensed off-site disposal contractor.
However, ATK's laboratories may dispose of small quantities of energetic compounds and/or
fuels contained in small volumes of solvent, soaked in paper, rags or other absorbent materials.
These compounds will be evaluated quantitatively.
19
2.2.3 Step 3 Is the Non-detected Chemical Likely to be a Product of Incomplete
Combustion?
Step 3 asks, "Does non-detect have a high potential to be emitted?" It is hypothetically possible
that PICs are released in the open bum and open detonation process, and this subsection
discusses the possibility that non-detected COPCs might be formed. The guidance asks if a non-
detected chemical has a "high potential" to be detected. Table 2-2 shows non-detected chemicals
and whether they will be included in the risk assessment, even though the majority of these
chemicals are not used by A TK, and are unlikely to be generated. Where indicated, these
chemicals are included because they are on the analyte list of the ODOBi test analyses. With
only a few exceptions, most of these chemicals will be evaluated quantitatively. For those not
evaluated, reasons are provided in Table 2-2 and in the text.
2.2.3.1 Metals
Metals cannot be generated in the open bum and open detonation process, and cannot be
generated as part of the combustion process. However, metals such as chromium may be found
in emissions due to their presence in the igniters, and the test pans, or trace amounts in
contaminated waste. The metals could be aerosolized in the heat of the test. Metals will be
evaluated quantitatively in the HHRA, as discussed above.
2.2.3.2 Polychlorinated Dibenzo(p)dioxins and Dibenzofurans
Some dioxins and difurans were detected in the ODOBi studies, and all dioxins and difurans are
evaluated quantitatively. Consistent with USEPA's HHRAP guidance (USEPA, 2005) dioxins
will be assessed using the Toxic Equivalent Factor (TEF) method will be used to determine the
risks associated with dioxins and furans. These constituents are generated in the process and it
will be assumed that all 210 individual congeners are produced. Table 2-1 shows the 7 -dioxin
congener groups and 10 difuran congener groups for which there are TEFs.
2.2.3.3 Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
P AHs are a broad class of chemical compounds, ranging from two aromatic ring compounds,
such as naphthalene, to complex six (or more) aromatic ring compounds such as indeno( 1 ,2,3-
20
cd)pyrene. PAHs are found as by-products in many combustion processes and have been found
in some of ATK's emissions.
1.3-Class Propellant PAH Emissions
The 1.3-Class ODOBi tests evaluated 100% propellant, 85 percent propellant-IS% trash, and
65% propellant-35% trash to determine emissions. In these tests, PAHs were generated and
were found in emissions gases. The lower the number of aromatic rings, the more frequently the
P AHs were detected. For example, the two aromatic ring P AH naphthalene was detected in 16
of 18 samples, compared with three ring aromatic P AHs, such as fluoranthene (detected in 5 of
18 samples), and phenanthrene (detected in 8 of 18 samples). For lower molecular PAHs the
risks and hazards associated with the detected PAHs will be evaluated quantitatively using the
higher emissions factor of the 1.3-or 1.1-Class propellant.
However, the data from the 1.3-Class AP propellant indicates that higher molecular weight
PAHs are not generated in the ODOBi tests. No four, five or six ring PAHs were detected in
ATK's ODOBi studies of 1,3-Class propellants. Based on the research provided below, the
presence of aluminum and heat in the open bum and open detonation process restricted the
formation of P AHs, and/or led to the destruction of higher molecular weight P AH.
Michael P. Kramer, PhD and Senior Scientist with ATK's Explosives, Propellants and
Pyrotechnics Group noted that an open detonation event can be described as a very rapid and
efficient combustion event where the high-energy release rate and good oxygen balance of the
explosive only favors the formation of small stable molecules. The entropy term for this rapid
energy release drives all explosive materials to form the predicted carbon dioxide, water and
nitrogen gas species. In experiments where attempts were made to capture all of the explosive
products, no molecules larger than the predicted C02, H20 and N2 species were found except for
a very small amount of solid carbon. In addition to very efficient energy release, there was also
good mixing with the surrounding air, which further promoted the formation of C02 and H20
species (ATK, 2013a).
In an open burning event, the high-energy release in the flame zone and the extended mixing
with the surrounding air favored small product molecules. The formation of P AHs required a
21
carbon rich environment with long heating times at temperatures typically lower than open
combustion (ATK, 2013a).
A TK' s ODOBi data indicate that these lower molecular P AH compounds were related to the
processing of trash because they appeared to increase with the percentage of trash in the test
material. The majority of the material processed by ATK is primarily waste perchlorate
propellant and high-energy material that does not contain a high volume of trash, and are
unlikely to produce significant quantities of PAHs.
It is important to recognize that the mechanism of P AH formation is different from that of dioxin
formation in open bum and open detonation processes. Dioxin formation is discussed by
USEPA in their 2003 document on dioxin toxicity (USEPA, 2003a) and is believed to involve a
range of pathways and mechanisms dependent on temperature, residence time, and the presence
of chlorine radicals, and oxychlorination. Chlorinated dioxins and difurans are energetically
relatively stable when formed, and are not easily destroyed after formation. Conversely, PAH
formation mechanisms vary with flame substrates, temperature, and combustion precursors.
Research using an acetylene or benzene flame system designed to produce high levels of PAHs
indicated that "cyclopentadienyl" is a key species for naphthalene formation, a key intermediate
precursor to PAH formation. The further growth process is based on hydrogen abstraction and
acetylene addition (Richter, et. al, 1999; Richter, 2000). In other words, higher molecular weight
P AHs were formed starting with two aromatic ring P AHs, such as naphthalene, and additional
rings were added through acetylene addition. The mole fraction of higher molecular P AHs were
lower (Richter, 2000) because they require the formation of lower molecular weight PAH as
precursors. For example, under these test conditions the peak mole fraction in the Flame I
experiments was low (5x 10-8) (Richter, 1999). Unlike dioxins, higher molecular weight PAHs
were not energy sinks, and were actually destroyed at higher temperatures. In fact, a free energy
barrier appears in the range 1400°K to 1800°K range, which increased sharply with increasing
temperature (Richter, 2000, pg 598). It should be noted that the experimental conditions in these
tests are significantly different from A TK' s open burn and open detonation process, which is
deficient in hydrogen and acetylene.
22
In previous incineration guidance, USEPA (USEPA, 1994a; 1994b; 1994c; 1998a) recommended
evaluating seven potentially carcinogenic PAHs as COPCs (shown in the table below).
Summary of Higher Molecular Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons,
Ring Number, Detections and Cancer Potency for 1.3-Ciass Emissions
PAHName Number of Detected in Relative Oral Slope Factor
Aromatic ODOBi Potencytt multiplied by
Rings Ernissionst Relative Potency
Benzo( a)anthracene 4 No 0.1 0.73
Chrysene 4 No 0.001 0.007
Benzo( a)pyrene 5 No 1.0 7.3
Benzo(b )fluoranthene 5 No 0.1 0.73
Benzo(k)fluoranthene 5 No 0.01 0.073
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene 5 No 1.0 7.3
Indeno( 1 ,2,3-cd)pyrene 6 No 0.1 0.73
Benzo(ghi)perylene 6 No 0 NA
NOTES
t Emissions from A TK, 2009 for 1-3 Propellant and Propellant with Trash
tt USEPA, 2005, Table 2-8.
ttt USEP A Regional Screening Levels
The USEP A focused on these high molecular weight P AHs because these are often found in
samples from incineration stacks, and are associated with soot, wood fires and tobacco smoke.
However, in the 2005 incineration guidance the US EPA's guidance states (pg 2-72), "Based on
the toxicity and combustion chemistry of PAHs, we generally recommend that stack gas testing
confirm the absence of these compounds from stack emissions." ATK's ODOBi studies
confirmed the absence of the seven potentially carcinogenic PAHs in the 1.3-Class tests.
In 1.3-Class propellant tests, only three ring PAHs were detected. As described above, the higher
emissions factors of the 1.3-or 1.1-Class AP propellant will be evaluated quantitatively.
Higher molecular weight P AHs were not detected in 1.3-Class tests because incineration at
temperatures above 570°F (300°C) with longer residence times, in the presence of aluminum
significantly decreases PAHs. As described by MUller, "Naphthalene as well as 15 PAHs of the
23
EPA priority list and some identified methyl-PAH decrease nearly exponentially with increasing
aluminum proportion." (MUller, et, al., 1997)
Five and six aromatic ring PAHs were not detected in the 1.3-Class propellant tests. Higher
molecular weight compounds are typically associated with burning rubber, tires and other high
molecular weight petroleum products, and by comparison low levels are produced from trash
(Bjorseth and Ramdahl, 1985, pg. 12). They are also more predominant in lower temperature
combustion processes, and were found when combustion temperatures were lower (Bjorseth and
Ramdahl, 1985, pg. 4). So it is not surprising that the seven potentially carcinogenic PAHs were
not detected in the high temperature open bum and open detonation process with perchlorate as
the driving force.
Two recent scientific studies provide technical support and show that higher molecular weight
PAHs (five and six ring) are not formed in the open burning of AP wastes and munitions. A
report on small arm and light weapons ammunition destruction stated:
"With the exception of small quantities of naphthalene and its alkylated sister compounds,
emission products larger than the molecules in the EM were not found in the detonation and bum
plumes. This is consistent with detonation theory and chemical kinetic mechanisms. It also
confirms that collisions between CxHy-radicals (molecular fragments produced by the
detonation/deflagration) are the source of the aromatic hydrocarbons. Thus, polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons containing three or more aromatic rings are not likely to be produced by OB and
OD events." (SALW, 2004, pg. 4)
A study titled, "Innovative Technology Development for Comprehensive Air Quality
Characterization from Open Burning" (SERDP, 2012), showed the levels and types of PAHs
from the open burning of a number of five different test rockets and munitions, including
Sparrow rocket motors that contained AP, Ml, M26, SPCF and M31A1El. These munitions
contained both 1.1 and 1.3 propellants. Table 3-3 (pg. 20) shows that no five or six ring PAHs
were detected in emissions.
Further, as previously stated, the PW85-15 ODOBi test sample included diesel fuel. The
percentage of diesel fuel present in the wastes are quite low, and as shown in analytical data
24
previously provided to the Division, the diesel contains no four, five or six ring PAHs in the
original samples. Therefore, no higher molecular weight P AHs were expected in the PW85-15
ODOBi test sample.
Other studies provide evidence that higher molecular weight P AHs are not formed. For example,
a study by Mitchell and Suggs (US EPA, 1998b) showed that AP mixed with other material
containing four percent diesel (Study 7, pg. 60) was evaluated under open burn conditions that
captured combustion by-products, including high molecular weight PAHs (pg 66) and did not
detect P AHs.
It was noted in the modeling protocol (TetraTech, 201lb) that ATK uses desensitizing agents,
such as shingle oil and diesel fuel. These items were included in the PW85-15 ODOBi test
sample. Benzo(ghi)perylene is a six ring PAH, and was not detected in waste emission for 1 ,3-
Class propellants. As reported by Mitchel and Suggs (USEPA, 1998b) the Emission Factors for
the Disposal of Energetic Materials by OB/OD, in two of the test samples identified in Study 2
(Aluminized Propellant Manufacturing Waste Surrogate and Diesel Fuel and Dunnage
Surrogate) that contained various amounts of diesel fuel, benzo(ghi)perylene was not reported as
a detected compound.
Based on these results, higher molecular weight P AHs do not appear to be formed with 1.3-Class
propellant, or they are destroyed, and will not be evaluated quantitatively. Further, the detection
limit for the 1.1-Class propellant will be evaluated quantitatively where high molecular weight
P AHs are not detected.
1.1-Class Propellant PAH Emissions
Low levels of PAH were detected in the one study conducted by A TK with 65% 1.1-Class
propellant mixed with 35% trash. The emissions from 1.1-Class propellants with higher trash
levels contained PAHs at low concentrations. These PAHs will be evaluated quantitatively using
the measured concentration and emissions factor for the detected chemicals. The P AHs detected
in 1.1-Class propellant test samples include: anthracene, chrysene, pyrene,
indeno(l,2,3,cd)pyrene, chrysene, 2-methylmaphthalene, benzo(a)anthracene,
benzo(b )anthracene, benzo(k)anthracene, and benzo(ghi)perylene. These will be quantitatively
25
evaluated. Benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene were not detected in either the 1.3-or
1.1-Class propellant studies. It will be assumed that where a PAR was not detected the detection
limit from the 1.1-Class propellant study will be used to provide emissions factors for
quantitative evaluation. The inclusion of emissions factors for non-detected compounds from 1.1
emissions tests is to provide A TK flexibility with operations under their permit and minimize or
perhaps eliminate the need for a permit modification during the life of the permit.
Methylated PAH Emissions
One low molecular weight methyl-PAR (2-methylnaphthalene) was detected in the 1.1-Class
ODOBi test, and this compound will be evaluated quantitatively. With the exception of this
compound, no other methyl PARs were detected due to the fact that the formation of higher
molecular weight methyl-PARs are not favored in the mechanism of PAR formation. Based on
the mechanism of PAR formation, higher molecular weight methyl-PARs are less likely to be
formed in the high temperature open burn and open detonation process because they would need
to form from lower molecular weight methylated-PAR compounds by the addition of one or
more PAR. The formation of dimethyl-PAR is statistically even more unlikely because two
methyl-PAR would need to react to form a dimethyl PAR. This is borne out experimentally.
Muller, et. al. ( 1997) investigated the presence of methyl-PARs in the open burn and open
detonation process in the presence of aluminum and found none. Therefore, higher molecular
methyl-PAR (such as dimethylbenzanthracene (a four ring PAH) will not be evaluated
quantitatively in the RRRA.
2-Acetylaminotluorene and 3-Methylcholanthrene
Another chemical listed in Table 2-2 that appears on the analyte list is 2-acetylaminofluorene.
This chemical is a research chemical and is used in chemical synthesis as a reactive intermediate
because it is a three ring compound with a reactive functional group attached to the molecule. It
is not used by ATK, it is not in their wastes, and it also unlikely to be formed because the
reactive functional group would bond with other molecules in the open burn and open detonation
process. It is unlikely to survive the open burn and open detonation process, and has not been
seen in other studies of munitions and AP wastes (US Army, 2009). This chemical will not be
evaluated quantitatively.
26
3-Methylcholanthrene is a research compound used in medical, biochemical and synthetic
chemistry research. It is highly unlikely this chemical will be formed in high temperature
incineration and it will not be evaluated quantitatively.
2.2.4 Step4 Are there: Related site-specific factors and is it possibly emitted?
From a site-specific perspective it is important to re-emphasize that ATK's process destroys
material that is highly energetic, ATK's process bums rapidly with intensity by generating a hot
flame under controlled burn conditions. Perchlorate is a strong oxidizer and provides a
significant boost to contaminated waste incineration. The burning of trash or contaminated
waste is not the objective of A TK' s process; the objective is the disposal of perchlorate based
propellant results from "off-specification" rocket motors and fuel, missile rocket fuel and
laboratory waste contaminated with lower levels of energetic wastes. Apart from the issues
discussed above, there are no site-specific factors that would lead to the inclusion of other
COPCs.
Particulate emissions associated with the A TK facility were modeled for each worst case
scenario from M-136 and M-225. Particulate Matter (PM) smaller than 2.5 and 10 micrometers
were modeled and compared to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for PM-
2.5 and PM-10 (CB&I, 2013). No exceedances of the NAAQS for PM-2.5 and PM-10 were
shown at the A TK property boundary when comparing the modeled concentration for PM-2.5
and PM-10 to the respective NAAQS (CB&I, 2014).
In summary, the chemical constituents that will be evaluated quantitatively are all of the
chemicals shown in Table 2-1, and the constituents shown in Table 2-2 with a "Yes" in the far
right column.
2.3 Category E/Flare Wastes
ATK produces three types of Military Flares; infrared illumination, visible illumination, and
decoy/countermeasure flares. Waste illuminate and contaminated material resulting from the
manufacturing process is treated by open burning. The volume of these waste streams varies
depending on the contracts requested by the Military. The quantity of these waste streams has
varied from 40,000-165,000 lb. /yr. over an eight year period. At the time of ATK's 1997 and
27
2006 OB/OD tests the volume of flare wastes was also low and there are no specific flare
emissions factors available. In the absence of these factors, A TK believes the use of the
proposed Emissions Factors (Table 2-1) is appropriate to represent these wastes because the
amount of this waste stream is very insignificant compared to the magnitude of the 1.3 propellant
wastes that has been treated over the last eight year period. The maximum quantity of this waste
stream is approximately one-half the maximum quantity of 1.1 propellant waste that has been
treated over the last eight year period. And although the amount of flare wastes process by ATK
was higher in 2013 than in previous years, this higher level of flare wastes is not expected to
continue.
Flare formulations are both proprietary and subject to non-disclosure for security reasons.
However, the primary propellant is 1.3-Class material with other components added, and these
components would represent an even smaller amount of material.
Some of the wastes contain the elements, or compounds of: boron, bismuth, cesium, indium,
iron, silicon, tin, zinc and zirconium. The toxicological information on many of these chemicals
is unavailable, and the table below shows information that is available. None of these chemicals
appear to be carcinogenic, or carcinogenicity data is unavailable. Lead has been discussed
previously. With the exception of zirconium, the chemicals have relatively low toxicity. This is
shown by comparison to iron, which has an oral reference-dose (RrDo) of0.7 mg/kg/day, and
which is a nutritionally required element. All of the elements or compounds are in a similar
range to this RrD0, with the exception of zirconium. This element would represent such a small
proportion of the waste as to be trivial. See Table 2-3 Potential Elements/Compounds in Flare
Wastes.
28
3.0 EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
The exposure assessment identifies the exposure scenarios that should be evaluated in the risk
assessment to estimate the type and magnitude of human exposure to COPC emissions from the
OB/OD treatment units. An exposure scenario is a combination of exposure pathways to which a
single receptor may be subjected. Human receptors may come into contact with COPCs emitted
to the atmosphere via two primary exposure routes, either directly via inhalation; or indirectly
via subsequent ingestion of water, soil, vegetation, and animals that became contaminated by
COPCs through the food chain.
Exposure to COPCs may occur via numerous exposure pathways. Each exposure pathway
consists of four fundament components: (1) an exposure route; (2) a source and mechanism of
COPC release; (3) a retention medium, or a transport mechanism and subsequent retention
medium in case~ involving media transfer of COPCs; and ( 4) a point of potential human contact
with the contaminated medium. Humans, plants, and animals in the assessment may take up
COPCs directly from the air or indirectly via the media receiving deposition.
The exposure scenarios recommended for evaluation in USEPA's HHRAP are generally
conservative in nature and are not intended to be entirely representative of actual scenarios at all
sites. They are intended to allow for standardized and reproducible evaluation of risks across
most sites and land use areas, with conservatism incorporated to ensure protectiveness of
potential receptors not directly evaluated, such as special subpopulations and regionally specific
land uses.
The risk assessment exposure assumptions in the Lakes model are based on the default
assumptions available in 2005 when the HHRAP guidance was published. In February 2104, the
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) issued Directive 9200.1-120
(USEPA, 2014), which revised a number of the default risk assessment assumptions. The 2014
default assumptions will be incorporated into the Lakes model and used for the Promontory
HHRA, as discussed in Section 3.2.
29
3.1 Exposure Setting Characterization
Risk will be characterized for the maximum vapor phase and deposition concentration location(s)
with a general grid of 10 kilometers (km) from each treatment unit and at discrete receptor
locations. The general receptor grid is discussed in Section 4.6 of the air dispersion modeling
protocol. The general receptor grid will be used to determine the maximum 1-hour and annual
vapor and deposition concentration location(s) within and beyond the ATK facility boundary.
As shown on Table 4-4 in the TetraTech air dispersion modeling report (TetraTech, 2011b), the
predominant wind direction is from northwest through the northeast. Based on prior experience
modeling for OB/OD treatment units in flat and complex terrain, the location of the maximum
impact has always occurred within 3 km of the source. Consequently, no general grid receptors
are proposed beyond a 10 km radius from each treatment unit. It should be noted that while the
general grid will extend only to 10 km, OBODM will also be used to estimate short term and
annual contaminant concentrations at discrete receptor locations potentially impacted by M-136
and M-225 emissions. Discrete receptors are defined as special receptors that exist within or
outside of the general grid. The list of proposed discrete locations is based on those
recommended for evaluation in the guidance, as well as those requested for evaluation by the
State of Utah. There are no sensitive subpopulations within the 10 km assessment area. The
following is a list of discrete receptors that are proposed for evaluation in the risk assessment:
• The Adam's Ranch, which is the closest dwelling to M-136 and is located approximately 2
km south-southwest ofM-136.
• The Holmgren Ranch, which is the closest domestic dwelling to the M-225 and is located
approximately 2 km east-southeast of M-225.
• Four facility boundary receptors that were selected based on the annual prevailing wind
directions that were measured over a five-year period (1997 through 2001) at the M-245
meteorological monitoring station.
• AutoLiv Facility. This is the offsite commercial business that is located between the M-136
and M-225 treatment units.
30
• North Plant Main Administration Building and Main Manufacturing Area located 2.5 miles
north of M-136 and 6.7 miles north-northwest of M-225.
• South Plant Main Administration Building and Main Manufacturing Area located 1.8 miles
south of M-136 and 3.9 miles west-northwest of M-225.
• Christensen Residence. This residential dwelling is located due north of A TK.
• The ATK Ranch Pond, which is located approximately 14 km southwest of M-225.
• The Howell Dairy Farm just north of the A TK northern property boundary.
• Thatcher Residence located northeast of A TK.
• Penrose Residence located east of A TK.
In addition, at the request of the State of Utah a qualitative evaluation of risk will be performed
at the following locations and presented in the uncertainty section of the HHRA:
• Salt Creek Waterfowl Management Area
• Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge
All discrete receptors listed above are shown in Figure 1. The spring pools (Shotgun, Pipe, Fish,
etc.) located south of the facility along Highway 83 are not selected as discrete receptor points
for the human health risk assessment because the water in the spring pools is not used as a
drinking water source and there are no game fish present in these water bodies.
3.2 Exposure Scenarios
USEPA's HHRAP recommends that the following exposure scenarios be evaluated:
• Farmer
• Farmer Child
• Adult Resident
• Child Resident
31
• Fisher
• Fisher Child
• Acute Risk
With the exception of the fisher and the fisher child, all receptors specified in the guidance
document will be evaluated. Fisherman and their children will not be evaluated because of the
general poor surface water quality, the intermittent flow of surface water near the treatment units,
and the absence of game fish in the local water bodies. Surface water in the area is comprised
mainly of irrigation return water with a high total dissolved solid content. In addition, fishermen
do not currently exist within the study area and are not expected to be in the study area in the
future (Bio-West Inc., December 2008;Walsh Environmental, May 2002). Consequently,
ingestion of fish and ingestion of surface water (as drinking water) will not be evaluated. At the
request of the State of Utah, one receptor not specified in the guidance document, the on-site
industrial worker will also be evaluated in the HHRA.
While farmers or residents are not currently located within the facility boundaries it is possible
for the area within the facility boundaries to be developed for residential or agricultural use if the
facility was closed in the future. Therefore, exposures (except for inhalation) will be evaluated
for farmers or residents for all receptor locations beyond the facility boundary (i.e., maximum
on-site annual air concentration receptor locations associated with the source areas). On-site
exposures will be evaluated for a current worker at the AutoLiv facility, the Main North
Administration and Manufacturing Area, the Main South Administration and Manufacturing
Area; and a future worker at the location of the maximum on-site air concentration as determined
by the air dispersion modeling, only. Tables 3-1 and 3-2list the receptors that will be evaluated
at the on-site and off-site receptor locations, respectively.
In accordance with USEPA's HHRAP, the following exposure pathways will not be evaluated in
the HHRA because USEPA has determined that these pathways are insignificant for combustion
emissions.
32
• Ingestion of Groundwater. US EPA (1998) found that groundwater is an insignificant
exposure pathway for combustion emissions. In addition, groundwater at the site is being
addressed in a separate risk assessment.
• Inhalation of Resuspended Dust. US EPA ( 1990) found that risk estimates from inhalation
of resuspended dust were insignificant. It is anticipated exposure through direct inhalation of
vapor and particle phase COPCs and incidental ingestion of soil will be much more
significant.
• Dermal Exposure to Surface Water, Soil, or Air. Available data indicate that the
contribution of dermal exposures to soils to overall risk is typically small (US EPA, 1995;
1996). For example, the risk assessment conducted for the Waste Technologies Industries,
Inc., hazardous waste incinerator in East Liverpool, Ohio, indicated that the risk resulting
from soil ingestion and dermal contact for an adult farmer in a subarea with high exposures
was 50-fold less than the risk from any other exposure pathway and 300-fold less than the
total estimated risk (US EPA, 1995; 1996). Also, there are significant uncertainties
associated with estimating potential COPC exposure via the dermal exposure pathway. The
most significant of these uncertainties are associated with determining the impact of soil
characteristics and the extent of exposure (e.g., the amount of soil on skin and the length of
exposure) on estimating compound-specific absorption fractions (ABS).
• Inhalation of COPCs and Ingestion of Water by Animals. USEPA does not recommend
these animal exposure pathways in calculating animal tissue concentrations because it is
expected their contribution to the total risk is negligible compared to the contributions of the
recommended exposure pathways.
USEPA recommended exposure scenarios are discussed in the following subsections. Table 3-3
presents the exposure pathways, which will be evaluated for each of the recommended scenarios
and Table 3-4 presents the exposure assumptions that will be used to evaluate each exposure
pathway.
33
3.2.1 Farmer and Farmer Child
The farmer exposure scenario is evaluated to account for the combination of exposure pathways
to which a receptor may be exposed in a farm or ranch exposure setting. The farmer is assumed
to be exposed to COPCs emitted from the facility through the following exposure pathways:
• Direct inhalation of vapors and particles
• Incidental ingestion of soil
• Ingestion of homegrown produce
• Ingestion of homegrown beef
• Ingestion of milk from homegrown cows
• Ingestion of homegrown chicken
• Ingestion of eggs from homegrown chicken
• Ingestion of homegrown pork
• Ingestion of breast milk (evaluated only for dioxins/furans)
For the farmer scenario, the receptor is assumed to consume a fraction from each food group to
make up a total consumption rate, and all amounts consumed are assumed to be homegrown.
3.2.2 Adult and Child Resident
The residential scenario is evaluated to account for the combination of exposure pathways to
which a receptor may be exposed in an urban or rural (nonfarm) setting. The resident is assumed
to be exposed to COPCs from the emission source through the following exposure pathways:
• Direct inhalation of vapors and particles
• Incidental ingestion of soil
34
• Ingestion of homegrown produce
• Ingestion of breast milk (evaluated only for dioxins/furans)
3.2.3 Acute Risk
In addition to long-term chronic effects evaluated in the other recommended scenarios, the acute
exposure scenario is evaluated to account for short-term effects of exposure to maximum 1-hour
concentrations of COPCs in emissions from the facility through direct inhalation of vapors and
particles.
3.2.4 Industrial Worker and Future Worker
The industrial worker scenario is evaluated to account for exposure to COPCs during a workday.
The exposure pathway is direct inhalation of particulates and vapors. Incremental lifetime
cancer risks (ll.,CRs) and hazard indices (His) for the industrial worker will be calculated using
USEPA standard default exposure assumptions. It will be assumed that the industrial worker
will be exposed 8 hours/day, 250 days/year for 25 years. Air concentrations will be calculated
with i-RAP-h View and represent annual average concentrations. Risks will be calculated for a
current worker at the AutoLiv facility, the Main North Administration and Manufacturing Area,
the Main South Administration and Manufacturing Area; and a future worker at the location of
the maximum on-site impact.
3.3 Evaluation of Mercury
In accordance with the HHRAP guidance mercury will be evaluated as follows:
• Elemental mercury will be evaluated only through direct inhalation of the vapor phase;
• Divalent mercury will be evaluated only through both direct inhalation and indirect
exposure to vapor and particle-bound mercuric chloride; and
• Methyl mercury will be not evaluated because this chemical is only formed in aquatic
systems, which are not evaluated here.
35
3.4 Evaluation of Chromium
According to the HHRAP guidance (USEPA, 2005, pg 2-44) hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is
unlikely to be emitted from a combustor. The guidance states, "Trivalent chromium is the most
common form found in nature, and chromium in biological materials is probably always
trivalent. There is no evidence that trivalent chromium is converted to hexavalent forms in
biological systems. Hexavalent chromium readily crosses cell membranes and is reduced
intracellularly to trivalent chromium." The open burning open detonation process is highly
oxidative because of the presence of aluminum and perchlorate, and chromium is likely oxidized
initially to Cr(VI). Based on this, the following will be used in the HHRA:
• It will be assumed that 100% of the emissions are Cr(VI), which is conservative for
chromium in soil and through plant uptake mechanisms; and
• It is assumed Cr(III) will be evaluated through the evaluation of chromium as Cr(VI),
although this is highly conservative.
3.5 Estimation of Media Concentrations
Media concentrations are derived based upon the results of the air dispersion model. The
USEPA Guidance (US EPA, 2005) specifies how concentrations are calculated for air, soil,
produce, beef and dairy products, pork and chicken. The results of the air dispersion model are
inputted into i-RAP-h View to derive these media concentrations. Vapor phase, particle, and
particle bound air dispersion modeling results will be used in the estimation of the media
concentrations. The default parameters identified in USEPA's HHRAP are already incorporated
in i-RAP-h View. For those constituents not included in USEPA's HHRAP, specific parameters
were developed and entered into the model. These exceptions will be discussed in this section.
3.5.1 Calculation of COPC Concentrations in Air for Direct Inhalation
COPC concentrations in air are calculated by summing the vapor phase, particle phase, and
particle bound phase air concentrations. Air concentrations used in the evaluation of chronic
exposure via direct inhalation are calculated using annual average concentrations. Air
concentrations used in the evaluation of acute exposure via direct inhalation are calculated using
maximum hourly concentrations.
36
3.5.2 Calculation of COPC Concentrations in Soil
COPC concentrations in soil are calculated by summing the vapor phase, particle phase, and
particle bound phase deposition of COPCs on the soil. Dry deposition of particles and vapors are
considered, with dry deposition of vapors calculated from the vapor air concentration and the dry
deposition velocity. Wet deposition was not considered because the treatment units do not
operate during precipitation events. The calculation of soil concentrations incorporates a term
that accounts for loss of COPCs by several fate and transport mechanisms, such as leaching,
erosion, runoff, degradation, and volatilization. These mechanisms lower the soil concentrations
associated with the deposition rate. The annual average COPC soil concentration over the period
of deposition is used to evaluate carcinogenic exposures. The highest annual COPC soil
concentration is used to evaluate noncarcinogenic exposures. USEPA recommended
conservative default values will be used in the calculations. There are no default values for some
input parameters and in these cases site-specific values will be used. The site-specific
parameters are summarized in Table 3-5.
3.5.3 Calculation of COPC Concentration in Produce
Indirect exposure resulting from ingestion of produce depends on the total concentration of
COPCs in the plants. Because of general differences in contamination mechanisms,
consideration of indirect exposure separates produce into two categories-above-ground produce
and below-ground produce. Above-ground produce is assumed to be contaminated by three
possible mechanisms:
• Direct deposition of particles-wet and dry deposition of particle phase COPCs on the leaves
and fruits of plants.
• Vapor transfer-uptake of vapor phase COPCs by plants through their foliage.
• Root uptake-root uptake of COPCs available from the soil and their transfer to the above-
ground portions of the plant.
The total COPC concentration in above-ground exposed produce is calculated as a sum of
contamination occurring through all three of these mechanisms. Below-ground produce is
37
assumed to be contaminated through only one mechanism-root uptake of COPCs available
from soil.
Default values are available in USEPA's HHRAP for most chemicals being assessed in this risk
assessment. However, Table 3-6 summarizes chemical properties that are incorporated into the
model for those chemicals not listed. Following a review of the chemical properties in the
HHRAP database a number of these were found to be different to those currently available.
Table 3-6 indicates the values that have been revised for this protocol. Also, biotransfer factors
that are useful in evaluating the uptake of chemicals into produce are provided for these
chemicals in Table 3-7. Biotransfer factors have been recalculated for higher molecular P AHs
because for many of these compounds, the Henry's Law constant (H) in the HHRAP Database is
inconsistent with those currently used by EPA. For example, H for dibenz[a,h]anthracene in the
database is 1.5x 10-8 atmosphere-cubic meters per mole, yet the Regional Screening Levels
Tables gives Has 1.4xl0-7 atmosphere-cubic meters per mole. Table 3-7 shows changes to the
chemical properties that have been updated in this HHRAP. Chemical properties were obtained
from the Risk Assessment Information System (RAIS) Internet site, USEPA's Superfund
Chemical Data Matrix (US EPA, 2004) and the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental
Protection Land Recycling Program (PDEP, 2014) online chemical and physical properties
database. Biotransfer factors were calculated using the equations presented in Appendix A of the
HHRAP guidance. Table 3-7 also shows biotransfer factors that have been updated based on
changes to chemical properties. Sample calculations for the calculation of the biotransfer factors
will be presented in an appendix to the HHRA.
3.5.4 Calculation of COPC Concentrations in Beef and Dairy Products
COPC concentrations in beef tissue and milk products are estimated based on the amount of
COPCs cattle are assumed to consume through their diet. The cattle's diet is assumed to consist
of:
• forage (pasture grass and hay).
• silage (forage that has been stored and fermented).
• grain.
38
Additional contamination may occur through the cattle's ingestion of soil. The total COPC
concentration in the feed items is calculated as the sum of contamination occurring though the
following mechanisms:
• Direct deposition of particles-wet and dry deposition of particle phase COPCs onto forage
and silage.
• Vapor transfer-uptake of vapor phase COPCs by forage and silage through foliage.
• Root uptake-root uptake of COPCs available from the soil and their transfer to the above-
ground portions of forage, silage, and grain.
As previous discussed, USEP A considered (US EPA, 2005) exposures through ingestion of
water to be insignificant and are not evaluated for animals. The biotransfer factors for those
chemicals not included in USEPA's HHRAP are summarized in Table 3-7.
3.5.5 Calculation of COPC Concentrations in Pork
COPC concentrations in pork tissue are estimated based on the amount of COPCs that swine are
assumed to consume through their diet, which is assumed to consist of silage and grain.
Additional COPC contamination of pork tissue may occur through the ingestion of soil by the
animal. The calculation of COPC concentrations in pork is similar to that for beef with the
exception of some intake factors and biotransfer factors. As for beef, the biotransfer factors for
those chemicals not listed in USEPA's HHRAP are summarized in Table 3-7.
3.5.6 Calculation of COPC Concentrations in Chicken and Eggs
Estimates of the COPC concentrations in chicken and eggs are based on the amount of COPCs
that chickens consume through ingestion of grain and soil. Chickens are assumed to be free-
range animals that have contact with soil and are assumed to consume 10 percent of their diet as
soil. Grain ingested by chickens is assumed to have originated from the exposure scenario
location; therefore, 100 percent of the grain consumed is assumed to be contaminated. As for
beef and pork, the biotransfer factors for those chemicals not listed in USEPA's HHRAP are
summarized in Table 3-7.
39
3.6 Quantifying Exposure
Exposure occurs over a period of time and is usually expressed in terms of milligrams of COPC
per kilogram of body weight per day. The following general equation is used to estimate
ingestion intakes:
I = (Cgen X CR X EF X ED) / (BW X AT)
And the following equation is used to estimate inhalation intakes:
Where:
I= (Cair x ET x EF x ED) I (AT x 24 hours/day)
I = intake-the amount of COPC consumed by the receptor
Cgen = generic COPC concentration in media of concern
Cair = COPC concentration in air
CR = consumption rate
ET = exposure time
EF = exposure frequency
ED = exposure duration
BW = body weight
AT= averaging time-the period over which exposure is averaged (days); for
carcinogens the averaging time is 25,550 days, based on a lifetime exposure of 70 years;
for noncarcinogens, averaging time equals ED (years) multiplied by 365 days/year.
The variables listed above are used to calculate receptor-specific exposures to COPCs.
The exposures calculated in a risk assessment are intended to represent reasonable maximum
exposure (RME) conditions as described in USEPA's Risk Assessment Guidance for Supeifund
(RAGS) (US EPA, 1989). All exposure inputs for the various receptors being evaluated are the
default exposure assumptions provided in USEPA's HHRAP and are presented in Table 3-4.
The Lakes model calculates COPC intake in accordance with the 2005 HHRA guidance (US
EPA 2005). The equations for direct and indirect intake exposure pathways are not provided
here, but can be found in US EPA 2005. The intake of dioxins in breast milk is an important
indirect exposure pathway and the calculation methodology of breast milk is provided in Section
3.6.1.
40
3.6.1 Breast Milk Exposure
The equation for the calculation of the Average Daily Dose (ADD) for an infant exposed to
contaminated breast milk is taken from US EPA, 2005, pg. C-48, Appendix C, Table C-3-2, and
is as follows:
Cinfant X {3 X {4 X lRmilk X ED
ADDinfant = BW:· x AT mfant
Where:
ADDinfant = Average Daily Dose
Cinfant Concentration of COPC in milk fat of breast milk
(Calculated using the equation provided in US EPA, 2005, pg. C-41, Appendix C, Table C-3-1.)
= Fraction of mother's breast milk that is fat
(The EPA recommendation of0.04 from US EPA, 2005 will be used.)
= Fraction of ingested COPC that is absorbed
(The EPA recommendation of0.9 (or 90%) from US EPA, 2005 will be used.)
IRmilk = Ingestion rate of breast milk by the infant
(The EPA recommendation of0.9 kg/day from US EPA, 2005 will be used.)
ED = Exposure Duration
(The EPA recommendation of 1 year from US EPA, 2005 will be used.)
BWinfant = Infant Body Weight
(The EPA recommendation of9.4 kg from US EPA, 2005 will be used.)
AT = Averaging Time
(The EPA recommendation of 1 year from US EPA, 2005 will be used.)
41
4.0 RISK AND HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION
4.1 Carcinogenic Risk
The risk associated with exposure to carcinogens is evaluated as a probability that a receptor will
develop cancer based on the exposure assumptions defined in the model. The cancer slope factor
is used in risk assessments to estimate upper bound lifetime probability of an individual
developing cancer as a result of exposure to a particular level of a potential carcinogen. For
example, a risk of 1 x 10-6 is interpreted to mean than an individual has no more than, and likely
less than, a one in 1,000,000 chance of developing cancer from the exposure being evaluated.
Cancer risk is defined by the following equation for ingestion exposures:
Cancer Risk= LADD x CSF
And cancer risk is defined by the following equation for inhalation exposures:
Where:
Cancer Risk = EC x IUR x 1 ,000 11 glmg
LADD =Lifetime Average Daily Dose (mg/kg-day)
EC = Exposure Concentration (mg/m3)
CSF =Cancer Slope Factor (mg/kg-dayr1
IUR =Inhalation Unit Risk (f.lg/m3r 1
Within a specific exposure pathway, receptors may be exposed to more than one COPC. The
total risk associated with exposure to all COPCs through a single exposure pathway is estimated
as follows:
Where:
Cancer Riskr = Lj Cancer Riski
Cancer Riskr = Total cancer risk for a specific exposure pathway
Cancer Riski = Cancer risk for COPC i for a specific exposure pathway.
At particular exposure scenario locations, receptors may be exposed through a number of
exposure pathways. Risks from multiple exposure pathways should be summed for a given
receptor specific to each recommended exposure scenario.
42
In the assessment of carcinogenic risk from COPCs, USEPA-derived or reviewed health
benchmarks (cancer slope factors) are recommended. The USEPA recommended hierarchy for
obtaining cancer slope factors is (US EPA, 2003a):
• Tier 1 -Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) (Online).
• Tier 2-USEPA Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values (PPRTVs)-The Office of
Research and Development/National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA)
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center develops PPRTVs on a chemical specific
basis when requested by USEP A's Superfund program.
• Tier 3 -Other Toxicity Values-These sources include but are not limited to California
Environmental Protection Agency (Cal EPA) toxicity values, the Agency for Toxic
Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs), and the Annual
Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST) (USEPA, 1997).
However, for numerous compounds, a complete set of inhalation and oral cancer slope factors
are not available. For those compounds where slope factors are not available in USEPA's
HHRAP, values will be obtained from the USEPA approved sources listed above or surrogate
compounds will be used to represent those compounds based on toxicological properties and
structural similarities. Also, the toxicity information (i.e., cancer slope factors [CSFs] and
reference doses [RIDs]) presented in USEPA's HHRAP will be reviewed and updated as
necessary prior to risk estimation. Tables 4-1 through 4-4 present Oral Slope Factors, the
Inhalation Unit Risk Factors, the Oral Reference Doses and the Inhalation Reference
Concentrations for chemicals that have dose-response values listed in HHRAP but that have been
revised since the document was published.
4.2 Noncarcinogenic Risk
The risk associated with exposure to noncarcinogens is defined in terms of a hazard index.
Hazard is quantified as the potential for developing noncarcinogenic health effects as a result of
exposure to COPCs, averaged over an exposure period. A hazard is not a probability, but rather
a measure of the magnitude of a receptor's potential exposure relative to a standard exposure
level, referred to as a reference dose or reference concentration. The standard exposure level is
43
calculated over a similar exposure period and is estimated to pose no appreciable likelihood of
adverse health effects to potential receptors, including special populations.
The Hazard Quotient for ingestion exposures is defined by the following equation:
HQ=ADD/RfD
And the Hazard Quotient for inhalation exposures is defined by:
Where:
HQ=EC/RfC
HQ = Hazard Quotient
ADD= Average Daily Dose (mglkg/day)
EC = Exposure Concentration (mg/m3)
RID= Reference Dose (mg/kg/day)
RfC =Reference Concentration (mg/m3)
An HQ that is less than or equal to one is considered to be health-protective. Generally, the more
the HQ value exceeds one, the greater is the level of concern. However, the level of concern
does not increase linearly as an HQ exceeds one. This is because noncarcinogenic effects are
generally modeled as threshold effects.
As with carcinogenic chemicals, a receptor may be exposed to multiple chemicals associated
with noncarcinogenic health effects. Specifically, the total noncarcinogenic hazard attributable
to exposure to all COPCs through a single exposure pathway is known as a hazard index (HI).
Consistent with the procedure for addressing carcinogenic risks, the noncarcinogenic hazards
from all chemicals are summed. The HI is defined as:
Where:
HI= Ii HQi
HI = Total hazard for a specific exposure pathway
HQi =Hazard Quotient for COPCi
This summation methodology assumes that health effects of the various COPCs to which a
receptor is exposed is additive. Specifically, this methodology is a simplification of the HI
concept because it does not directly consider the portal of entry associated with each exposure
pathway or the often unique toxic endpoints and toxicity mechanisms of the various COPCs.
44
If the total HI for all pathways exceeds one, further evaluation is needed. The total HI for an
exposure pathway can exceed the target hazard level as a result of either
• One or more COPCs with an HQ exceeding the target hazard level, or
• The summation of several COPC-specific HQs that are each less than the target hazard level.
In the former case, the presence of at least one COPC-specific hazard greater than the target
hazard level is interpreted as indicating the potential for noncarcinogenic health effects. In the
latter case, a detailed analysis is required to determine whether the potential for noncarcinogenic
health effects is estimated by the total HI, because the toxicological effects associated with
exposure to multiple chemicals, often through different exposure pathways, may not be additive;
therefore, the total HI may overestimate the potential for noncarcinogenic health effects. To
address this issue, COPC-specific hazards are summed according to major health effects and
target organs or systems. The highest segregated HI resulting from the process is the basis for
evaluation of noncarcinogenic risk. If the segregated HI exceeds the target hazard level, there is
a potential for noncarcinogenic health effects.
In the assessment of noncarcinogenic risk from COPCs, USEPA-derived or reviewed health
benchmarks (reference doses and reference concentrations) are recommended. Reference doses
and reference concentrations are obtained from the same sources as the cancer slope factors.
However, for numerous compounds, a complete set of reference doses and reference
concentrations are not available. For those compounds where these values are not available in
USEPA's HHRAP, values will be obtained from U.S. USEPA recommended sources or
surrogate compounds will be used to represent those compounds based on toxicological
properties and structural similarities. Table 4-1 presents toxicity values for chemicals for which
the values listed in HHRAP have been revised since the document was published and Table 4-2
presents toxicity values for COPCs which do not have toxicity values listed in HHRAP.
4.3 Risks for Nursing Infants
Risks for nursing infants will be evaluated by comparing the estimated 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxicity
equivalent concentrations (TEQ) in breast milk to a target level of 60 pglkg-day 2,3,7 ,8-TCDD
TEQ (US EPA, 2005). The toxicity equivalency factors (TEFs) presented in the 2005 HHRAP
45
guidance are based on values published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in I998. In
2005 the WHO (2006) published new TEFs and in 2010 US EPA (2010) officially accepted the
2005 WHO TEFs. Therefore, the WHO 2005 TEFs will be used to evaluate dioxins/furans in
this analysis. The dioxin/furan congeners and corresponding TEFs are listed below:
Congener TEF
I,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-0C:I>I> 0.0003
I ,2,3,4,6,7 ,8,9-0C:I>F 0.0003
1 ,2,3,4,6,7 ,8-HPC:I>I> 0.01
1 ,2,3 ,4,6, 7 ,8-HPC:I>F 0.01
1 ,2,3,4, 7 ,8,9-HPC:I>F 0.01
1,2,3,4,7,8-H)(C:I>I> 0.1
1 ,2,3,4,7 ,8-H)(C:I>F 0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-H)(C:I>I> 0.1
1 ,2,3 ,6, 7,8-H)(C:I>F 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-H)(C:I>I> 0.1
1 ,2,3,7 ,8,9-H)(C:I>F O.I
1 ,2,3, 7,8-PEC:I> I> 1
I ,2,3, 7 ,8-PEC:I>F 0.03
2,3,4,6,7 ,8-H)(C:I>F 0.1
2,3,4,7 ,8-PEC:I>F 0.3
2,3,7 ,8-TC:I>I> 1
2,3,7,8-TC:I>F 0.1
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PC:Bs) have not been identified as C:OPC:s; therefore dioxin-like
PC:Bs will not be evaluated in the HHRA.
4.4 Acute Exposure Resulting from Direct Inhalation
In addition to chronic effects, acute effects are considered from direct inhalation of vapor phase
and particle phase C:OPC:s. It is assumed that short-term emissions will not have a significant
impact through the indirect exposure pathways. Therefore, acute effects are only evaluated
through the short-term (maximum 1-hour) inhalation of vapors and particulates exposure
pathway.
A hierarchical approach has been developed for establishing acute inhalation exposure guidelines
using information from a variety of organizations. The hierarchical approach is summarized
below:
46
1. Cal/EP A Acute Reference Exposure Levels (RELs) -the concentration in air at or below
which no adverse health effects are anticipated in the general population, including
sensitive individuals, for a specified exposure period (CalEPA, 1999).
2. Acute inhalation exposure guidelines (AEGL-I) -"the airborne concentration of a
substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible
individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic
nonsensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are transient and
reversible upon cessation of exposure." (NOAA, 2001).
3. Level 1 emergency planning guidelines (ERPG-1)-"the maximum concentration in air
below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour
without experiencing other than mild transient adverse effects or perceiving a clearly
defined objectionable odor." (DoE 200 I; SCAP A 200 1).
4. Temporary. emergency exposure limits (TEEL-1) -"the maximum concentration in air
below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed without experiencing
other than mild transient adverse health effects or perceiving a clearly defined
objectionable odor." (DoE, 200 I; SCAP A, 2001 ).
5. AEGL-2 values-"the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted
that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience
irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to
escape." AEGL-2 values are to be used only if lower ERPG-1 or TEEL-1 values are not
available. (NOAA, 2001).
The hierarchy is presented in order of preference, from 1 (most preferred) to 5 (least preferred).
Tables 4-3 and 4-4 presents dose-response values for chemicals evaluated as non-carcinogens via
inhalation and ingestion, respectively for which the values listed in HHARP have been revised
since the document was published. Table 4-4 presents benchmarks for those chemicals not listed
in USEPA's HHRAP. The dose-response values for chemicals not in the HHRAP database are
provided in Table 4-5. These values will be added to the Lakes model. Table 4-6 shows the
Acute Inhalation Exposure Criteria that will be used to evaluate acute exposure to ambient air
concentrations.
47
To characterize the potential for adverse health effects from acute exposure to COPC-specific
emissions, the acute air concentration (Cacute) resulting from maximum emissions over a one-
hour period should be compared to COPC-specific acute inhalation exposure criteria (AlEC) to
calculate the acute hazard quotient (AHQinh).
The AHQinh is calculated as follows:
Where:
AHQinh
Cacute =
AlEC =
0.001 =
AHQinh = (Cacute X 0.001) I AlEC.
= Acute hazard quotient (unitless)
Acute air concentration ([.tg/m3)
Acute inhalation exposure criteria (mg/m3)
Conversion factor (mg/[.tg)
In the assessment of acute toxicity from COPCs, reviewed health benchmarks (AlEC) are
recommended. However, for numerous compounds, a complete set of AIECs are not available.
For those compounds where these values were not available in USEPA's HHRAP, values will be
obtained from literature or surrogate compounds will be used to represent those compounds
based on toxicological properties and structural similarities.
4.5 Comparison of Modeled Air Concentrations to Utah Toxic Screening Levels
The Utah Department of Air Quality (UDAQ) has adopted Toxic Screening Levels (TSLs) to
assist in the evaluation of hazardous air pollutants released into the atmosphere from sources
seeking a new or modified Approved Order (AO). The TSLs do not constitute a standard, which
the impact of a source's toxic emission cannot exceed. Rather, they are screening levels above
which the UDAQ has determined that additional information should be obtained to substantiate
that the model predicted concentration would not expose sensitive individuals, animals, or
vegetation, to unnecessary health risks.
TSLs are derived from Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) listed in the American Conference of
Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances
and Physical Agents. Values reported in the ACGIH handbook are based on specific exposure
limits to a healthy adult in the work place. Persons who would be overly sensitive to such an
48
exposure, such as children, the elderly, or the physically ill, would require thresholds lower than
the TL V s. To ensure protection for sensitive individuals and to facilitate the use of longer
concentration averaging periods for chronic and carcinogenic hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)
chemicals, uncertainty factors are applied as follows:
• TL V divided by 10 -relate the threshold of an average healthy adult to that of a sensitive
individual.
• TLV divided by 3-converts the 8-hour TLV to a 24-hour concentration (chronic and
carcinogenic HAPs only).
• TL V divided by 3 -additional safety factor for carcinogens.
The above safety factors, when applied to the TLVs, result in the following TSLs and
concentration averaging periods for comparison with model-predicted concentrations.
• Acute HAPs-TLV/10 (instantaneous concentration), averaging period of 1-hour or less.
• Chronic HAPs -TL V /30, 24-hour average period.
• Carcinogenic HAPs -TL V /90, 24-hour averaging period.
The modeled 1-hour and 24-hour air concentrations at each receptor location will be compared to
their respective UDAQ TSLs.
4.6 Interpretation of Carcinogenic and Noncarcinogenic Risk Assessment Results
To interpret the quantitative risks calculated cancer risks were interpreted using the U.S.
USEPA's target range (I X 10-4 to 1 X w-6). USEPA has defined the range of 1 X 10-4 to 1 X 10-6
as the cancer target range for hazardous waste facilities addressed under the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and the Resource
Recovery and Conservation Act (RCRA). For this HHRA, cancer risks for on-site workers will
be considered unacceptable if they exceed 1 x I o-4. Cancer risks for off-site receptors will be
considered unacceptable if they exceed 1 x 10-6.
His will be considered potentially significant if above 1, in a grey area between 1 and 10, and
significant above 10. If an HI exceeds unity, target organ effects associated with exposure to
COPCs will be considered. Only those HQs for chemicals that affect the same target organ(s) or
49
exhibit similar critical effect(s) are regarded as truly additive. Consequently, it may be possible
for a cumulative HI to exceed 1.0, but no adverse health effects are anticipated if the COPCs do
not affect the same target organ or exhibit the same critical effect.
For acute exposures resulting from direct inhalation, the chemical specific AHQinh will be
considered potentially significant if above 1, in a grey area between 1 and 10, and significant
above 10.
50
5.0 UNCERTAINTY ASSESSMENT
The goal of the uncertainty analysis is to identify important uncertainties and limitations
associated with the HHRA. Uncertainties are associated with all elements of the risk assessment
process from selection of COPCs through the exposure and toxicity assessment and risk/hazard
characterization steps. In most cases, the methodology used to prepare the HHRA incorporates
conservative assumptions with the goal of limiting the potential to underestimate receptor-
specific exposures, risks, and hazards. The following presents some examples of the type of
uncertainties that will be discussed in the uncertainty analysis.
5.1 Uncertainty in the Selection of Emissions Factors
The emissions factors in Table 2-1 are selected based on the ODOBi tests performed for A TK at
Dugway proving ground, as described in the 2011 Approved Modeling Protocol. Emissions
factors were selected as described in Section 2.1.2 to represent the emissions from all classes of
propellants. The uncertainty of using 1.3-Class propellant emissions will be discussed in this
section of the HHRA report. In Section 2 of the protocol, a comparison of the emissions of
TCDD-TE from 1.3-Class and 1.1-Class propellant is provided. This section of the report will
expand on this issue and discuss the risks associated with VOCs and metals, based on the
selected emissions factors.
Based on discussions with the Utah DEQ, the emissions factors for non-detected compounds
were included in the HHRA process. The uncertainty associated with the assumption that non-
detected chemical compounds are actually present at their method detection limits will also be
included in the discussion of uncertainty.
5.2 Uncertainty in the Inclusion of Method Blanks and Background
The ODOBi tests were conducted by igniting the test bundles using black powder and ignition
wire, the bundles were contained in stainless Where a chemical is not detected, trays, and the
bundles are smaller than those actually burned by A TK. These differences will contribute
background chemicals to the tests, and this will be discussed in the uncertainty section of the
report.
51
Chromium is a good example of where the ODOBi tests may have been affected by the presence
of substances in the test. ATK has analyzed their waste streams for the presence of chromium.
Ammonium perchlorate (AP) propellant contains 16% aluminum, which contains between 0 and
20 parts per million (ppm) chromium (A TK, 20 13b ). If it were assumed that aluminum contains
20 ppm chromium, AP waste would contain between zero and 3.2ppm. However, the ODOBi
test released up to 130 ppm ( 1.3x 1 o-5 lbs/lb, Table 7, A TK, 2009), more chromium than available
in the waste. Therefore, there has to be an alternative source of chromium to complete the mass
balance. The burn pans contain 15 percent chromium in the steel, and provide the additional
chromium found in the emissions. The chromium in the stainless steep pans has been shown to
aerosolize during welding. In 2003, welding fumes were sampled to protect workers during steel
pan welding operations (ATK, 2003). The air during welding was found to contain 0.6 to 3.3
micrograms of chromium per cubic meter of air. The temperatures attained during the open burn
and open detonation process are high, and Te~raTech, 2011b (pg. 4-6) indicates flame
temperatures of 4976°F ( 100% AP propellant), 2950°F (85% AP propellant), and 2260°F (65%
AP propellant). These temperatures are higher than temperatures found in steel welding
operations ( 1500°F) (NiDI, 1988), and where welding data from ATK shows that chromium is
generated during welding the incineration pans used by ATKin the ODOBi Chamber (ATK,
2003). The aerosolization of chromium from the pans will lead to an overestimation of
chromium risk from A TK' s emissions.
Mercury was detected in one sample of emissions from pure AP propellant. This too is likely to
be an artifact of the testing process, and the presence of mercury in the pans, the ignition sources,
and the wastes will be discussed the uncertainty section.
5.3 Uncertainty Associated with Modeled Air Concentrations and Deposition
The modeling process contains a number of assumptions, some are thought to overestimate and
some to underestimate ambient air concentrations, and deposition. These will be discussed in the
uncertainty section of the report. Mercury was not detected in propellant, and assuming it is
present is at a method detection limit of 0.03 mg/kg or 30 micrograms per kilogram (ATK,
2014b) is conservative. The Lakes model evaluates mercury as particulate bound, and mercury
vapor, and the conservative nature of these assumptions will be evaluated in the risk assessment.
52
5.4 Uncertainty in Chemical Uptake, Food Chain Modeling and Dose Estimates
Chemical deposition is modeled to provided soil and foliage chemical concentrations, especially
for hydrophobic compounds, like dioxins, that have a propensity to bio-accumulate. In some
cases uptake factors are measured, and in some cases they are estimated based on physical-
chemistry parameters. These estimates introduce additional uncertainty into the risk assessment
process. Where possible, bio-uptake and bio-accumulation factors will be taken from the EPA's
Incineration Guidance (EPA, 2005). However, to the extent possible, default factors will be
evaluated to determine if more scientifically accurate and appropriate factors can be used in the
risk assessment process. Table 3-6 shows chemical specific parameters that have been modified,
and Table 3-7 shows biotransfer factors that have changed based on these modifications. The
uncertainty associated with the selection and use of uptake, biotransfer and bio-accumulation
factors will be discussed.
5.5 Potential Exposures to Hunters at Salt Creek Waterfowl Management Area and
Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge
Hunters at the Salt Creek Waterfowl Management Area and Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge
could be exposed to constituents of concern via ingestion of contaminated birds. This exposure
pathway is not typically evaluated in HHRAs and standard default exposure assumptions for this
pathway do not exist. The incremental risk associated with the ingestion of game by hunters are
expected to be at least an order of magnitude less than other dietary exposure risk associated with
a resident farmer (adult and child) scenario modeled at the maximum deposition location for
target constituents. Consequently, as requested by the State of Utah, potential exposures to
hunters via ingestion of contaminated birds will be evaluated qualitatively in the HHRA. The
qualitative assessment will address the following:
• The potential for the Salt Creek Waterfowl Management Area and Bear River Migratory
Bird Refugee to be impacted by open burning/open detonation operations at the two
OB/00 sites at the Promontory facility.
• Based on the nature and fate transport characteristics of the primary constituents:
53
o Describe how (and to what degree) game species may be exposed to site
constituents.
o Do the primary constituents at issue have the capacity to bioaccumulate,
bioconcentrate, or biomagnify? Please evaluate the significance of these
phenomena.
o Are any of these constituents preferentially sequestered in (edible) muscle tissue?
• What is the relative contribution (excess incremental lifetime cancer risk or hazard) of
risk associated with game species consumption by recreational hunters to the total
residential human health risk (e.g., potential for order-of-magnitude change)?
5.6 Uncertainty in the Overall Risk Estimates
There is uncertainty in the overall risk assessment process, and there will be uncertainty on the
final risk estimates. It is important to understand which assumptions have a potential impact on
the overall risk assessment results and which do not because there may be key assumptions that
drive the risks, and implementing regulatory requirements based on an assumption may not be
the most appropriate method of regulating the Facility. For example, if a chemical is not
detected, it is assumed to be present, and its emissions factor is based on an elevated method
detection limit, the risk assessment would be based on an assumption rather than on real data.
These and other uncertainties in the risk assessment process will be examined in this section of
the report.
54
6.0 REFERENCES
A TK, 1998 Draft Sampling Results for Alliant "Slum" Emission Characterization, Volumes
1, 2, and 3; Prepared for U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground Dugway, Utah, March
ATK, 2003 Welding Fumes Air Sampling Results, Memorandum from Chris Burrows, to Jeff
Perry, ATK Aerospace, Magna, UT
A TK, 2003b Analysis of metals in the Aluminum contained in AP Wastes, Personal
Communication from A TK
ATK, 2009 Sampling Results for Emission Characterization Of Open Burning Waste
Propellant Materials Volume !-Summary Report, Appendix 1-A-Analyte Lists and
Appendix 1-B-Emission Factors Summary Data, October
ATK, 2013a Personal Communication from Michael P. Kramer PhD, Senior Scientist with
ATK's Explosives, Propellants and Pyrotechnics Group, to Stephen Foster, Ph.D. Terra
Mentis Environmental, December
ATK, 2014 Approval letter from the Utah Division of Solid and Hazardous Waste, to Mr.
Blair Palmer
ATK, 2014a Personal communication from Blair Palmer to Stephen Foster, May 2014, these
data will be provided with the HHRA
ATK Promontory Permit Attachment 11 January 2014 ATK Launch Systems Inc.
Promontory Hazardous Waste Storage Permit January 2014, Attachment 11
ATSDR, 1995 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Toxicological
Profile for Benzidine, U.S. Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Atlanta, GA
Bio-West Inc, December 2008 Aquatic Species Inventory of Shotgun, Pipe, Fish and
Horseshoe Spring near Promontory, Utah, December 2008
55
Bjorseth, A. and Ramdahl, T. Handbook of PAH: Emissions Sources and Recent Advances in
Analytical Chemistry, Volume 2, Marcel Deckler Inc., NY, NY, 1985
CalEP A, 1999 Air Toxics Hot Spot Program Risk Assessment Guideline, Part I, The
Determination of Acute Reference Exposure Levels for Airborne Toxicants. California
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment,
March
CB&I, 2013 ADDENDUM Air Dispersion Modeling Protocol for Open Burning and Open
Detonation at ATK Launch Systems in Promontory, Utah, Shaw Environmental &
Infrastructure, Inc., Baton Rouge, LA, February
CB&I, 2014 Air Dispersion Modeling Report for Open Bum and Open Detonation at ATK
Launch Systems in Promontory, Utah, CB&I Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc.,
Monroeville; P A, March
DoE, 2001 Definitions for Different TEEL Levels Department of Energy
Kwon E., and Castaldi, M.J., Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)formation in thermal
degradation of Styrene Butadiene Copolymer (SBR), Proceedings: 141h North American
Waste to Energy Conference, May 1-3, 2006, Tampa, Florida, pg 79 to 89
Lakes, 2014 Industrial Risk Assessment Program (i-RAP-h View) -Human Health Risk
Assessment Protocol, Lakes Environmental, Toronto, Canada, purchased March
Lemieux, P.M., C.W. Lee, J.D. Kilgore, and J.V. Ryan. 1999. "Emissions of Polychlorinated
Biphenyls as Products of Incomplete Combustion from Incinerators." Presented at the
1999 International Conference on Incineration and Thermal Treatment Technologies.
Orlando, Florida. May.
MDH, 2001 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Methods for Estimating Health Risks from
Carcinogenic PAHs, Minnesota Department of Public Health, Health Risk Assessment
Unit, http://www.health.state.rnn.us/divs/eh/risk/guidance/pahmemo.html
56
MUller, J., Dongmann, G., Frischkom,C.G.B., The effect of aluminium on thefonnation of PAH,
Methyl-PAH and chlorinated aromatic compounds during thennal decomposition of
PVC, Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere, Volume 43, Issue 2, October 1997, pg
157 to 168
NiDI, 1988 Welding of Stainless Steels and Other Joining Methods, Nickel Development
Institute, and American Iron and Steel Institute, A Designers' Handbook Series, 9002
NOAA, 2001 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Public Exposure Guidelines,
September
PDEP, 2104 Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Land Recycling Program,
online chemical database;
http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/land_recycling_program/20541
Richter, H., 2000. "Formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their growth to
soot-a review of chemical reaction pathways." Progress in Energy and Combustion
Science, volume 26, pg 565 to 608
Richter, H., W. J. Grieco, J. B. Howard. 1999. Formation mechanism of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons andfullerenes in premixed benzene flames. Combustion and Flame,
Volume 119, pg 1 to 22
SALW, 2004 Small Arms and Light Weapons Ammunition Destruction, Environmental
Releases from Open Burning and Open Detonation Events, The South Eastern Europe
Clearinghouse for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons, United Nations
Development Programme, May, pg 4
SCAP A, 200 1 Revision 17 of ERPGs and TEELs for Chemicals of Concern, Subcommittee on
Consequence Assessment and Protective Actions, U.S. Department of Energy, January
SERDP, 2012 Innovative Technology Development for Comprehensive Air Quality
Characterization from Open Burning, WP-2153, Final Report, Strategic Environmental
Research and Development Program, Arlington, VA 22203, February
57
Tetra Tech, 2011 a ATK Launch Systems Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol for
Evaluation of Open Burning and Open Detonation Units, ATK Launch Systems,
Promontory Utah, May
TetraTech, 2011b ATK Launch Systems Waste Characterization and Air Dispersion
Modeling Protocol for Use in the Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment, ATK
Launch Systems, Promontory Utah, April
TetraTech, 2102 Revised Air Dispersion Modeling Assessment Report for Open Bum and
Open Detonation Treatment Units at ATK Launch Systems Brigham City, ATK Launch
Systems Promontory, Utah,
us Army, 2009 Background Document, Report on Revisions to 5th Edition AP-42 Chapter
15 -Ordinance Detonation, Emissions Factors Developed Based on Phase IX Testing
Conducted at Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, U.S. Army Environmental Command,
Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, July
US EPA, 2000 Exposure and Human Health Reassessment of 2,3, 7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-
p-Dioxin (TCDD) and Related Compounds, Part 1: Estimating Exposure to Dioxin-Like
Compounds, Volume 2: Sources of Dioxin-Like Compounds in the United States, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Exposure Assessment, Draft Final
Report, EPA/600/P-00/00lBb, September
USEPA2010 Recommended Toxicity Equivalence Factors (TEFs) for Human Health
Risk Assessments of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and Dioxin-Like Compounds.
EPA/100/R-10/005. Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, DC, December
US EPA, 1989 Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume I, Human Health
Evaluation Manual (Interim Final), EPA/54011-89/002, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency Washington, D.C., EPA/54011-89/002, December
USEPA, 1990 Interim Final Methodology for Assessing Health Risks Associated with
Indirect Exposure to Combustor Emissions. Environmental Criteria and Assessment
Office. Office of Research and Development. EPA-600-90-003, January
58
USEP A, 1994a Draft Revision, Implementation Guidance for Conducting Indirect
Exposure Analysis at RCRA Combustion Units. Attachment, Draft Exposure Assessment
Guidance for RCRA Hazardous Waste Combustion Facilities. US Environmental
Protection Agency, April
USEP A, 1994b Draft, Guidance on Trial Bums. Attachment B, Draft Exposure
Assessment Guidance for RCRA Hazardous Waste Combustion Facilities. US
Environmental Protection Agency, May
USEP A, 1994c Revised Draft, Guidance for Performing Screening Level Risk Analyses at
Combustion Facilities Burning Hazardous Wastes. Attachment C, Draft Exposure
Assessment Guidance for RCRA Hazardous Waste Combustion Facilities. US
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency Response and Remediation,
December
USEP A, 1994d Benzo[a]pyrene, Integrated Risk Information System, US Environmental
Protection Agency, http://www.epa.gov/iris
USEPA, 1995 Waste Technologies Industries Screening Human Health Risk Assessment
(SHHRA): Evaluation of Potential Risk from Exposures to Routine Operating Emissions.
Volume V. External Review Draft. U.S. EPA Region 5, Chicago, Illinois
USEPA, 1996 Public Participation Record for Screening Risk Assessment for Operation
of the Tooele Chemical Demilitarization Facility at the Tooele Chemical Activity and
Resulting Permit Modification, June
USEPA, 1997 Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables FY 1997. Office of Solid
Waste and Emergency Response, Washington, D.C., July
USEPA, 1998 Methodology for Assessing Health Risks Associated with Multiple
Pathways of Exposure to Combustor Emissions (MPE). Update to EPN600/6-90/003.
Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment,
U.S. EPA, EPN600/R-981137, December
59
USEPA, 1998a Methodology for Assessing Health Risks Associated with Multiple
Pathways of Exposure to Combustor Emissions (MPE). Update to EPA/600/6-90/003. US
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center
for Environmental Assessment, EP A/600/R-98/137. December.
US EPA, 1998b Emissions Factors for the Disposal of Energetics Materials by Open
Burning and Open Detonation, William Mitchell and Jack Suggs, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, EPA/600/R-981103, August
USEPA, 2003a Exposure and Human Health Reassessment of 2,3, 7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-
p-Dioxin (TCDD) and Related Compounds, National Academy Sciences (NAS) Review
Draft; Part 1: Estimating Exposure to Dioxin-like Compounds; Volume 1: Source of
Dioxin-like Compounds in the United States; Section 2: Mechanism of Formation of
Dioxin-like Compounds During Combustion of Organic Matter, EP A/P-00/001 Cb,
December
USEPA, 2003b Human Health Toxicity Values in Superfund Risk Assessments. Office of
Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation, OSWER 9285.7-53, Washington,
DC, December
USEPA, 2004 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix, January 28. Located online at:
http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npllhrsres/tools/scdm.htm
USEPA, 2005 Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol (HHRAP)for Hazardous Waste
Combustion Facilities, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response, EPA530-R-05-006, September
USEPA, 2010 Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children,
Windows® version (IEUBKwin vl.1 build 11),032-bit version, Office of Solid Waste
and Emergency Response, Washington DC, February
USEPA, 2014 Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental Guidance: Update of
Standard Default Exposure Factors, Memorandum from Dana Stalcup, Acting Director,
Assessment and Remediation Division, Office of Superfund Remediation and
60
Technology Innovation, to Superfund national Policy Managers, Regions 1 -10, Office
of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Directive 9200.1-120, February
Walsh Environmental May 2002 Screening Level Endangerment Assessment Thiokol
Propulsion, Northern Utah May, 2002
WHO, 1998 Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for Humans and
Wildlife; Environmental Health Perspectives; Volume 106, Number 12. December.
WHO, 2006 The 2005 World Health Organization Re-evaluation of Human and Mammalian
Toxic Equivalency Factors for Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds; Toxicological
Sciences, July
61
7.0 FIGURES
62
Figure 1
LOCATION OF ATK PROMONTORY M-136 AND M-225 TREATMENT UNITS AND DISCRETE
MODELING RECEPTORS, PROMONTORY, UTAH
63
•
Legend
e Discrete Receptor * Treatment Unit
c:J 10 km Radius
.-_";Facility Boundary
DRAWN BY
CHECKED BY
,\
' -· I>·
I ____ _
;·
l
·---·~Christensen Ranch I' .....
LOCATION OF ATK PROMONTORY M-136 AND M-225 TREATMENT UNITS
AND DISCRETE MODELING RECEPTORS
PROMONTORY, UTAH
,,
8.0 TABLES
64
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocol(a)
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated<Jl 1.1 Class
Database (I) A vailabte<Z> Propellant Tests<4>
83-32-9 Acenaphthene svoc Yes Yes Yes
208-96-8 Acenaphthylene svoc No Yes Yes
75-07-0 Acetaldehyde Carbonyls Yes Yes Yes
67-64-1 Acetone Carbonyls Yes Yes Yes
75-05-8 Acetonitrile voc Yes Yes Yes
98-86-2 Acetophenone svoc Yes Yes Yes
53-96-3 Acetylaminofluorene, 2-svoc No Yes No (c) ND
74-86-2 Acetylene voc No No Not Toxic
107-13-1 Acrylonitrile voc Yes Yes Yes
100-44-7 alpha-Chlorotoluene voc Yes Yes Yes ND
7429-90-5 Aluminum Metals No Yes Yes
92-67-1 Aminobiphenyl, 4-svoc No Yes Yes ND
62-53-3 Aniline svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
120-12-7 Anthracene svoc Yes Yes Yes
7440-36-0 Antimony Metals Yes Yes Yes
7440-38-2 Arsenic Metals Yes Yes Yes
7440-39-3 Barium Metals Yes Yes Yes ND
100-52-7 Benzaldehyde Carbonyls Yes Yes Yes
71-43-2 Benzene voc Yes Yes Yes
92-87-5 Benzidine svoc No Yes No (c) ND
56-55-3 Benzo( a)anthracene svoc Yes Yes Yes 1-1
50-32-8 Benzo(a)pyrene svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
205-99-2 Benzo(b )fluoranthene svoc Yes Yes Yes 1-1
65
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocol<a)
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated13l 1.1 Class
Database(!) Available<2l Propellant Tests14l
191-24-2 Benzo(ghi)pery1ene svoc No Yes Yes 1-1
207-08-9 Benzo(k)fluoranthene svoc Yes Yes Yes 1-1
65-85-0 Benzoic acid svoc Yes Yes Yes
100-51-6 Benzyl alcohol svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
111-91-1 bis(2-Chloroethox y )methane svoc No Yes Yes ND
111-44-4 bis(2-Ch1oroethy1)ether svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
39638-32-9 bis(2-Chloroisopropyl)ether svoc No No No ND
117-81-7 bis(2-Ethylhexyl)phthalate svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
75-27-4 Bromodichloromethane voc Yes Yes Yes ND
75-25-2 Bromoform voc Yes Yes Yes ND
74-83-9 Bromomethane voc Yes Yes Yes ND
101-55-3 Bromophenyl phenyl ether, svoc Yes Yes Yes ND 4-
106-99-0 Butadiene, 1 ,3-voc No No No
106-97-8 Butane voc No No Not Toxic
78-93-3 Butanone (MEK), 2-voc Yes Yes Yes
106-98-9 Butene, 1-voc No Yes Yes
590-18-1 Butene, cis-2-voc No Yes Yes
624-64-6 butene, trans-2-voc No Yes Yes
85-68-7 Butyl benzyl phthalate svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
109-69-3 Butylchloride, n-voc No No No ND
--Butyraldehydes, MEK Carbonyls No No No
7440-43-9 Cadmium Metals Yes Yes Yes ND
86-74-8 Carbazole svoc No Yes Yes ND
66
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocol<al
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated<Jl 1.1 Class
Database (I) A vailable<Zl Propellant Tests<4l
75-15-0 Carbon Disulfide voc Yes Yes Yes
56-23-5 Carbon Tetrachloride voc Yes Yes Yes
59-50-7 Chloro-3-methylphenol, 4-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
107-14-2 Chloroacetonitrile voc No Yes Yes ND
106-47-8 Chloroaniline, 4-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
108-90-7 Chlorobenzene voc Yes Yes Yes
75-00-3 Chloroethane voc Yes Yes Yes ND
67-66-3 Chloroform voc Yes Yes Yes
74-87-3 Chloromethane voc Yes Yes Yes
90-13-1 Chloronaphthalene, 1-svoc No Yes Yes
91-58-7 Chloronaphthalene, 2-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
95-57-8 Chlorophenol, 2-svoc Yes Yes Yes
107-05-1 Chloropropene, 3-voc No No No
7440-47-3 Chromium (b) Metals Yes Yes Yes
218-01-9 Chrysene svoc Yes Yes Yes
7782-50-5 Cl2 HCLICI2/NH4 Yes Yes Yes
630-08-0 co CEM No No No
124-38-9 C02 CEM No No No
7440-48-4 Cobalt Metals No Yes Yes ND
7440-50-8 Copper Metals No Yes Yes
4170-30-3 Crotonaldehyde Carbonyls No Yes Yes ND
98-82-8 Cumene voc Yes Yes Yes ND
110-82-7 Cyclohexane voc No Yes Yes
287-92-3 Cyclopentane voc No No Not Toxic
67
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocol<a)
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated<3> 1.1 Class
Database<l) A vailable<2> Propellant Tests<4>
124-18-5 Decane voc No No Not Toxic
53-70-3 Dibenz{a,h)anthracene svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
132-64-9 Dibenzofuran svoc No Yes Yes
124-48-1 Dibromochloromethane voc Yes Yes Yes ND
106-93-4 Dibromoethane (EDB), 1,2-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
95-50-1 Dichlorobenzene, 1,2-(a) voc Yes Yes Yes ND
541-73-1 Dichlorobenzene, I ,3-(a) voc Yes Yes Yes ND
106-46-7 Dichlorobenzene, 1,4-(a) voc Yes Yes Yes ND
91-94-1 Dichlorobenzidine, 3,3'-svoc Yes Yes No (c) ND
75-34-3 Dichloroethane, 1,1-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
107-06-2 Dichloroethane, 1 ,2-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
75-35-4 Dichloroethene, 1,1-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
156-59-2 Dichloroethene, cis-1,2-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
156-60-5 Dichloroethene, trans-1,2-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
120-83-2 Dichlorophenol, 2,4-svoc Yes Yes Yes
87-65-0 Dichlorophenol, 2,6-svoc No Yes Yes
78-87-5 Dichloropropane, 1,2-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
10062-01-5 Dichloropropene, cis-1,3-voc No Yes Yes
10061-02-6 Dichloropropene, trans-1 ,3-voc No Yes Yes ND
84-66-2 Diethyl phthalate svoc Yes Yes Yes
141-93-5 Diethylbenzene, I ,3-voc No No No ND
105-05-5 Diethylbenzene, I ,4-voc No Yes Yes ND
105-67-9 Dimethyl phenol, 2,4-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
131-11-3 Dimethyl phthalate svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
68
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocol<al
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated<3> 1.1 Class
Databasem A vailable<2> Propellant Tests<4>
60-11-7 Dimethylaminoazobenzene, svoc No Yes Yes ND p-
57-97-6 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, svoc No Yes No( c) ND 7,12-
5779-94-2 Dimethylbenzaldehyde, 2,5-Carbonyls No Yes Yes ND
119-93-7 Dimethylbenzidine, 3,3'-svoc No Yes No (c) ND
75-83-2 Dimethylbutane, 2,2-voc No Yes Yes ND
79-29-8 Dimethylbutane, 2,3-voc No Yes Yes
565-59-3 Dimethylpentane, 2,3-voc No Yes Yes
108-08-7 Dimethylpentane, 2,4-voc No Yes Yes ND
84-74-2 Di-n-butyl phthalate svoc Yes Yes Yes NO
534-52-1 Dinitro-2-methylphenol, 4,6-svoc No Yes Yes ND
99-65-0 Dinitrobenzene, 1,3-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
51-28-5 Dinitrophenol, 2,4-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
121-14-2 Dinitrotoluene, 2,4-svoc Yes Yes Yes
606-20-2 Dinitrotoluene, 2,6-svoc Yes Yes Yes
117-84-0 Di-n-octyl phthalate svoc Yes Yes Yes
123-91-1 Dioxane, I ,4-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
122-39-4 Diphenylamine svoc No Yes Yes NO
74-84-0 Ethane voc No No Not Toxic
64-17-5 Ethanol voc No No No
74-85-1 Ethene voc No No Not Toxic
100-41-4 Ethyl benzene voc Yes Yes Yes
60-29-7 Ethyl Ether voc No Yes Yes ND
97-63-2 Ethyl Methacrylate voc Yes Yes Yes ND
69
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocol<al
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated<Jl 1.1 Class
Database<ll Available <Zl Propellant Tests<4l
62-50-0 Ethyl methanesulfonate svoc Yes Yes No (c) ND
611-14-3 Ethyltoluene, 2-voc No Yes Yes ND
620-14-4 Ethyltoluene, 3-voc No Yes Yes
622-96-8 Ethyltoluene, 4-voc No Yes Yes
206-44-0 Fluoranthene svoc Yes Yes Yes
86-73-7 Fluorene svoc Yes Yes Yes
50-00-0 Formaldehyde Carbonyls Yes Yes Yes
7647-01-0 HCI HCL/Cl2/NH3 Yes Yes Yes
74-90-8 HCN HCL/Cl2/NH6 No No No
142-82-5 Heptane voc No No Not Toxic
118-74-1 Hexachlorobenzene svoc Yes Yes Yes
87-68-3 Hexachlorobutadiene (a) svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
77-47-4 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene svoc Yes Yes Yes
67-72-l Hexachloroethane svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
1888-71-7 Hexachloropropene svoc No Yes Yes
66-25-1 Hexanal Carbonyls No No No
110-54-3 Hexane voc No Yes Yes
591-78-6 Hexanone, 2-voc No Yes Yes ND
592-41-6 Hexene, 1-voc No No No
35822-46-9 HpCDD, I ,2,3,4,6,7 ,8-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
67562-39-4 HpCDF, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Dioxi ns/furans Yes Yes Yes
55673-89-7 HpCDF, 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
39227-28-6 HxCDD, I ,2,3,4,7 ,8-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
57653-85-7 HxCDD, I ,2,3,6,7 ,8-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
70
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocol<a)
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated<3> 1.1 Class
Database (I) A vailable<Z> PropeUant Tests<4>
19408-74-3 HxCDD, 1,2,3,7,8,9-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
70648-26-9 HxCDF, I ,2,3,4,7 ,8-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
57117-44-9 HxCDF, I ,2,3,6,7 ,8-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
72918-21-9 HxCDF, I ,2,3,7 ,8,9-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
60851-34-5 HxCDF, 2,3,4,6,7 ,8-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
193-39-5 Indeno( I ,2,3-cd )pyrene SVOC Yes Yes Yes 1-1
75-28-5 I so butane voc No No Not Toxic
590-86-3 Isopentanal Carbonyls No No No ND
78-78-4 Isopentane voc No No Not Toxic
78-59-l Isophorone svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
7439-92-1 Lead Metals Yes Yes Yes
7439-95-4 Magnesium Metals No No No ND
7439-96-5 Manganese Metals No Yes Yes
7439-97-6 Mercury Metals Yes Yes Yes
126-98-7 Methacrylonitrile voc Yes Yes Yes
96-33-3 Methyl Acrylate voc No No No ND
80-62-6 Methyl Methacry late voc No Yes Yes ND
66-27-3 Methyl methanesulfonate svoc No No No ND
1634-04-4 Methyl tert-butyl ether voc No Yes Yes ND
108-10-I Methyl-2-pentanone, 4-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
56-49-5 Methylcholanthrene, 3-svoc No No No ND
108-87-2 Methylcyclohexane voc No Yes Yes
96-37-7 Methylcyclopentane voc No No No
75-09-2 Methylene Chloride voc Yes Yes Yes
71
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocol<a)
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated<3l 1.1 Class
Database<!) A vailable<2l Propellant Tests<4l
540-84-1 Methy1heptane, 2-voc No Yes Yes
589-81-1 Methylheptane, 3-voc No Yes Yes
591-76-4 Methylhcxane, 2-voc No Yes Yes
589-34-4 Methylhexane, 3-voc No Yes Yes
91-57-6 Methy1naphthalene, 2-svoc No Yes Yes ND
107-83-5 Methy1pentane, 2-voc No Yes Yes
96-14-0 Methylpentane, 3-voc No Yes Yes
95-48-7 Methylphenol, 2-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
- -
Methylphenol, 3-& svoc No Yes Yes ND Methylphenol, 4-
91-20-3 Naphthalene svoc Yes Yes Yes
134-32-7 Naphthylamine, 1-svoc No Yes Yes ND
91-59-8 Naphthylamine, 2-svoc No Yes Yes ND
7664-41-7 NH3 HCUC12/NH5 No No No -
7440-02-0 Nickel Metals Yes Yes Yes
88-74-4 Nitroaniline, 2-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
99-09-2 Nitroaniline, 3-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
100-01-6 Nitroani1ine, 4-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
98-95-3 Nitrobenzene svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
88-75-5 Nitrophenol, 2-svoc Yes Yes Yes
100-02-7 Nitrophenol, 4-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
79-46-9 Nitropropane, 2-voc No No No
--N-Nitro-o-toluidine svoc No No No ND
55-18-5 N-Nitrosodiethylamine svoc No Yes Yes ND
62-75-9 N-Nitrosodimethylamine svoc No Yes Yes ND
72
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocol<a>
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated13> 1.1 Class
Database (I) Available 12> Propellant Tests14>
924-16-3 N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
621-64-7 N-Nitrosodi-n-propy1amine svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
86-30-6 N-Nitrosodipheny1amine svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
10595-95-6 N-Nitrosomethylethylamine svoc No Yes Yes ND
59-89-2 N-Nitrosomorpho1ine svoc No Yes Yes ND
I I 1-84-2 Nonane voc No No Not Toxic
NA NOX CEM No No No
3268-87-9 OCDD, 1 ,2,3,4,6,7 ,8,9-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
39001-02-0 OCDF, 1 ,2,3,4,6,7 ,8,9-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
111-65-9 Octane voc No No Not Toxic
40321-76-4 PeCDD, 1,2,3,7,8-Dioxi ns/furans Yes Yes Yes
57117-41-6 PeCDF, 1,2,3,7,8-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
57117-31-4 PeCDF, 2,3,4,7,8-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
608-93-5 Pentachlorobenzene svoc Yes Yes Yes
76-01-7 Pentachloroethane svoc No Yes Yes ND
82-68-8 Pentachloronitrobenzene svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
87-86-5 Pentachlorophenol svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
110-62-3 Pentanal Carbonyls No No No
109-66-0 Pentane voc No No Not Toxic
109-67-1 Pentene, 1-voc No No No
627-20-3 Pentene, cis-2-voc No No Not Toxic ND
646-04-8 Pentene, trans-2-voc No No No
14797-73-0 Perchlorate Perchlorates NO Yes Yes Unknown
85-01-8 Phenanthrene svoc Yes Yes Yes
73
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocoi<al
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated<3' 1.1 Class
Database (I) A vailable<2> Propellant Tests<4'
108-95-2 Phenol svoc Yes Yes Yes
7723-14-0 Phosphorus Metals No Yes Yes
123-38-6 Propanal Carbonyls No Yes Yes
74-98-6 Propane voc No No Not Toxic ND
67-63-0 Propanol, 2-voc No No No ND
103-65-1 Propyl benzene voc No Yes Yes
115-07-1 Propylene voc No Yes Yes
129-00-0 Pyrene svoc Yes Yes Yes
110-86-1 Pyridine svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
7782-49-2 Selenium Metals Yes Yes Yes ND
7440-22-4 Silver Metals Yes Yes Yes
7446-09-5 S02 CEM No No No
100-42-5 Styrene voc Yes Yes Yes
1746-01-6 TCDD, 2,3,7 ,8-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
51207-31-9 TCDF, 2,3,7,8-Dioxins/furans Yes Yes Yes
95-94-3 Tetrachlorobenzene, I ,2,4,5-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
79-34-5 Tetrachloroethane, I, 1 ,2,2-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethene voc Yes Yes Yes
58-90-2 Tetrachlorophenol, 2,3,4,6-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
109-99-9 Tetrahydrofuran voc Yes Yes Yes
7440-28-0 Thallium Metals Yes Yes No ND
--TNMOC voc No No No
--Tolualdehyde, m,p-Carbonyls No No No ND
529-20-4 Tolualdehyde, o-Carbonyls No Yes Yes
74
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocol<al
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated<3l 1.1 Class
Database<ll A vailabte<ll Propellant Tests<4l
108-88-3 Toluene voc Yes Yes Yes
95-53-4 Toluidine, o-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
120-82-1 Trichlorobenzene, I ,2,4-(a) voc Yes Yes Yes ND
71-55-6 Trichloroethane, 1, I, 1-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
79-00-5 Trichloroethane, 1, 1 ,2-voc Yes Yes Yes ND
79-01-6 Trichloroethene voc Yes Yes Yes
95-95-4 Trichlorophenol, 2,4,5-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
88-06-2 Trichlorophenol, 2,4,6-svoc Yes Yes Yes
526-73-8 Trimethylbenzene, 1 ,2,3-voc No Yes Yes ND
95-63-6 Trimethylbenzene, 1 ,2,4-voc No Yes Yes
108-67-8 Trimethy1benzene, 1 ,3,5-voc Yes Yes Yes
565-75-3 Trimethylpentane, 2,3,4-voc No Yes Yes ND
99-35-4 Trinitrobenzene, 1 ,3,5-svoc Yes Yes Yes ND
1120-21-4 Undecane voc No Yes Yes
75-01-4 Vinyl Chloride voc Yes Yes Yes
--Xylene, m,p-voc No Yes Yes
95-47-6 Xylene, o-voc Yes Yes Yes
7440-66-6 Zinc Metals Yes Yes Yes
NOTES:
CEM Continuous Emissions Monitors;; SVOC Semivolatile organic chemicals; VOC Volatile organic chemicals
ND Not detected
I -These chemicals were listed in the USEPA (2005) HHRAP Appendix A for consideration as a COPC.
2-USEPA's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), and USEPA Regional Screening Level Table (November, 2013). Surrogates are
proposed for phenanthrene and 1 ,3-dichlorbenzene.
3-If, "Yes" the chemical was listed for quantitative evaluation in the 2011 HHRAP; selected chemicals have changed, as described in this
protocol.
75
Table 1-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern from the ATK's Approved 2011 Human Health
Risk Assessment Protocoi<a)
Listed in USEPA Toxicity Quantitatively Detected in 1.3 or
Cas No. COPC Classification HHRAP Information Evaluated(3) 1.1 Class
Database(!) Available (Z) Propellant Tests(4l
4 -All of the chemical m this table will be evaluated. Non detected chenucals will also be evaluated m the uncertamty sectiOn
NOTES:
(a)
(b)
(c)
Taken from Table I (TetraTech, 20Ila)
Table 1 ofTetraTech, 2011a identified chromium as chromium (III) and not chromium (VI), which has been added to Table 2-1
below
Eliminated from Table 2-1, see the text for detailed justification
76
Table 2-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern, Detections and Emissions
Factors for ATK Promontory HHRA
COPC Class of Detected Maximum Emissions
Chemical Factor (lbs/lbs)
Aluminum Metals 4.0E-02
Antimony Metals 2.9E-05
Arsenic Metals 5.5E-07
Barium Metals ND 3.9E-07
Cadmium Metals ND 4.7E-08
Chromium Metals 2.0E-05 (a)
Chromium (VI) Metals 2.0E-05 (a)
Cobalt Metals ND 1.2E-07
Copper Metals 2.5E-05
Lead Metals 4.1E-05
Manganese Metals 9.4E-05
Mercury Metals 7.4E-08
Nickel Metals 5.8E-05
Phosphorus Metals I.IE-04
Selenium Metals ND 1.6E-06
Silver Metals 1.2E-06
Thallium Metals ND 4.3E-06
Zinc Metals 5.6E-05
Perchlorate Perchlorate ND 4.9E-07
HpCDD, I ,2,3,4,6,7 ,8-Dioxins/Furans 2.9E-II
HpCDF, 1.2,3,4,6,7,8-Dioxins/Furans 7.3E-10
HpCDF, 1 ,2,3,4,7 ,8,9-Dioxins/Furans 1.9E-10
HxCDD, 1 ,2,3,4,7 ,8-Dioxins/Furans 3.5E-12
HxCDD, 1 ,2,3,6,7 ,8-Dioxins/Furans 8.9E-12
HxCDD, 1,2,3,7,8,9-Dioxins/Furans 6.1E-12
HxCDF, 1,2,3,4,7,8-Dioxins/Furans 2.6E-10
HxCDF, 1,2,3,6,7,8-Dioxins/Furans 1.6E-10
HxCDF, 1,2,3,7,8,9-Dioxins/Furans 1.2E-10
HxCDF, 2,3,4,6,7,8-Dioxins/Furans 1.9E-10
OCDD Dioxins/Furans 3.7E-11
OCDF Dioxins/Furans 5.3E-10
PeCDD, 1,2,3,7,8-Dioxins/Furans 6.7E-12
PeCDF, 1,2,3,7,8-Dioxins/Furans 8.0E-II
PeCDF, 2,3,4,7,8-Dioxins/Furans 1.6E-IO
TCDD, 2,3,7,8-Dioxins/Furans 2.3E-12
77
Table 2-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern, Detections and Emissions
Factors for ATK Promontory HHRA
COPC Class of Detected Maximum Emissions
Chemical Factor (lbsllbs)
TCDF, 2,3,7,8-Oioxins/Furans 4.0E-II
TEQ Dioxins/Furans 1.8E-IO
Acetone VOCs 2.4E-05
Acetonitrile VOCs 1.9E-05
Acetylene VOCs 2.4E-04
Aery lonitrile VOCs 1.6E-05
alpha-Chlorotoluene VOCs ND 5.7E-07
Benzene VOCs 1.2E-04
Bromodichloro VOCs ND 7.8E-07 methane
Bromoform VOCs ND 1.3E-06
Bromo methane VOCs NO I.2E-07
Butadiene, I ,3-VOCs 2.4E-05
Butane VOCs I.SE-05
Butanone (MEK), 2-VOCs 3.9E-06
Butene, I-VOCs 2.2E-05
Butene, cis-2-VOCs 1.7E-06
butene, trans-2-VOCs 7.7E-06
Butylchloride, n-VOCs ND 1.2E-05
Carbon Disulfide VOCs 9.8E-06
Carbon Tetrachloride VOCs I.5E-05
Chioroacetonitriie VOCs ND l.lE-06
Chlorobenzene VOCs 2.5E-06
Chloroethane VOCs NO 4.4E-07
Chloroform VOCs 6.1E-06
Chloromethane VOCs 1.4E-05
Chloropropene, 3-VOCs 4.7E-06
Cumene VOCs ND 4.2E-07
Cyclohexane VOCs 2.5E-06
Cyclopentane VOCs 1.8E-06
Oecane VOCs 8.6E-05
Dibromochloro VOCs ND 8.8E-07 methane
Dibromoethane VOCs ND 8.9E-07 (EOB), I,2-
Oichloroethane, I, 1-VOCs ND 3.2E-07
Dichloroethane, I ,2-VOCs NO 5.4E-07
Oichloroethene. I, I-VOCs ND 4.3E-07
Oichloroethene, cis-VOCs ND I.2E-07
78
Table 2-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern, Detections and Emissions
Factors for ATK Promontory HHRA
COPC Class of Detected Maximum Emissions
Chemical Factor (lbsllbs)
1,2-
Dichloroethene. trans-VOCs ND 7.2E-07 l ,2-
Dichloropropane, I ,2-VOCs ND 3.7E-07
Dichloropropene, cis-VOCs l.3E-06 I,3-
Dichloropropene, VOCs ND 6.1E-07 trans-1 ,3-
Diethylbenzene, I ,3-VOCs ND 5.0E-07
Diethylbenzene, I,4-VOCs ND 6.7E-07
Dimethylbutane, 2,2-VOCs ND l.4E-06
Dimethylbutane, 2,3-VOCs 3.5E-06
Dimethylpentane, 2,3-VOCs 1.4E-05
Dimethylpentane, 2,4-VOCs ND 5.2E-06
Dioxane, I ,4-VOCs ND 6.4E-07
Ethane VOCs 2.1E-05
Ethanol VOCs 1.6E-06
Ethene VOCs l.8E-04
Ethyl Benzene VOCs l.IE-05
Ethyl Ether VOCs ND 2.5E-06
Ethyl Methacrylate VOCs ND 1.6E-06
Ethyltoluene, 2-VOCs ND 4.5E-07
Ethyltoluene, 3-VOCs 4.8E-06
Ethyltoluene, 4-VOCs 5.3E-06
Heptane VOCs 1.8E-05
Hexane VOCs 9.8E-06
Hexanone, 2-VOCs ND 2.0E-06
Hexene, 1-VOCs 2.0E-05
I so butane VOCs 2.8E-06
Isopentane VOCs 2.0E-05
Methacrylonitrile VOCs 5.9E-06
Methyl Acrylate VOCs ND 1.2E-06
Methyl Methacrylate VOCs ND l.6E-06
Methyl tert-butyl ether VOCs ND 1.3E-05
Methyl-2-pentanone, VOCs ND 8.2E-07 4-
Methylcyclohexane VOCs I.2E-05
Methylcyclopentane VOCs 5.6E-06
Methylene Chloride VOCs 2.4E-04
Methylheptane, 2-VOCs 2.4E-05
79
Table 2-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern, Detections and Emissions
Factors for ATK Promontory HHRA
COPC Class of Detected Maximum Emissions
Chemical Factor (lbsllbs)
Methylheptane, 3-VOCs 3.5E-06
Methylhexane, 2-VOCs 1.7E-05
Methylhexane, 3-VOCs 2.2E-05
Methylpentane, 2-VOCs l.IE-05
Methylpentane, 3-VOCs 7.IE-06
Nitropropane, 2-VOCs 2.8E-06
Nonane VOCs 3.7E-05
Octane VOCs 8.4E-05
Pentane VOCs 3.1E-05
Pentene, 1-VOCs 1.2E-05
Pentene, cis-2-VOCs ND 7.0E-07
Pentene, trans-2-VOCs 1.7E-06
Propane VOCs ND "8.7E-06
Propanol, 2-VOCs ND 3.0E-07
Propylbenzene VOCs 4.6E-06
Propylene VOCs 4.9E-OS
Styrene VOCs 1.3E-06
Tetrachloroethane, VOCs ND 4.2E-07 1,1,2,2-
Tetrachloroethene VOCs 2.5E-06
Tetrahydrofuran VOCs 9.0E-07
TNMOC VOCs 9.4E-04
Toluene VOCs 2.8E-05
Trichloroethane, 1, 1, 1-VOCs ND 2.7E-07
Trichloroethane, 1, I ,2-VOCs ND 7.3E-07
Trichloroethene VOCs 9.4E-07
Trimethylbenzene, VOCs ND 4.2E-07 1,2,3-
Trimethylbenzene, VOCs 2.5E-05 I ,2,4-
Trimethylbenzene, VOCs 1.9E-05 1,3,5-
Trimethylpentane, VOCs ND 8.2E-06 2,3,4
Undecane VOCs 1.2E-05
Vinyl Chloride VOCs 7.6E-06
Xylene, m,p-VOCs 2.2E-05
Xylene, o-VOCs 1.3E-05
Acetaldehyde Carbonyls 9.3E-05
Benzaldehyde Carbonyls 3.8E-05
80
Table 2-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern, Detections and Emissions
Factors for ATK Promontory HHRA
COPC Class of Detected Maximum Emissions
Chemical Factor (lbs/lbs)
B utyraldehydes, Carbonyls 1.4E-05
Crotonaldehyde Carbonyls ND 3.2E-06
Dimethylbenzaldehyde Carbonyls ND 2.7E-05 '2,5-
Formaldehyde Carbonyls 4.7E-05
Hex anal Carbonyls 1.4E-05
Isopentanal Carbonyls ND 1.4E-05
Pentanal Carbonyls 3.9E-05
Propanal Carbonyls 5.2E-05
Tolualdehyde, m,p-Carbonyls ND 1.4E-05
Tolualdehyde, o-Carbonyls 4.0E-05
co CEM 7.36E-03
C02 CEM 1.06E+00
NOX CEM 6.4E-03
S02 CEM 6.43E-03
HCI HCL/CI2/NH3 1.78E-02
Cl2 HCLICI2/NH3 1.18E-02
NH3 HCL/CI2/NH3 3.19E-05
HCN HCN 2.19E-05
Acenaphthene svoc 5.48E-07
Acenaphthylene svoc 3.08E-06
Acetophenone svoc 2.68E-06
Acetylaminofluorene, svoc ND NotaCOPC 2-
Aminobiphenyl, 4-svoc ND l.IE-05
Aniline svoc ND 8.00E-06
Anthracene svoc 1.3E-07
Benzidine svoc ND Not aCOPC
Benzo(a)anthracene svoc ND 5.86E-07
Benzo(a)pyrene svoc ND 7.69E-08
Benzo(b )fluoranthene svoc ND 1.15E-06
Benzo(ghi)perylene svoc ND 4.55E-07
Benzo(k)fl uoranthene svoc ND l.15E-06
Benzoic acid svoc 6.24E-05
Benzyl alcohol svoc ND 7.77E-07
bis(2-svoc ND 5.48E-07 Chloroethoxy )methane
bis(2-svoc ND 6.13E-07 Chloroethyl)ether
81
Table 2-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern, Detections and Emissions
Factors for ATK Promontory HHRA
COPC Class of Detected Maximum Emissions
Chemical Factor (lbsllbs)
bis(2-svoc ND 8.32E-07 Chloroi sopropy I )ether
bis(2-svoc ND l.l7E-06 Ethylhexyl)phthalate
Bromophenylphenyl svoc ND 5.48E-07 ether, 4-
Butyl benzyl phthalate svoc ND l.SOE-07
Carbazole svoc ND 7.01E-07
Chloro-3-svoc ND 6.79E-07 methylphenol, 4-
Chloroaniline, 4-svoc ND 1.55E-07
Chloronaphthalene, 1-svoc 5.48E-07
Chloronaphthalene, 2-svoc ND 5.48E-07
Chlorophenol, 2-svoc 1.92E-06
Chrysene svoc 7.23E-07
Di benz( a,h )anthracene svoc ND 1.02E-07
Dibenzofuran svoc 5.48E-07
Dichlorobenzene, 1,2-svoc 5.59E-07
Dichlorobenzene, 1 ,3-svoc 6.24E-07
Dichlorobenzene, I ,4-svoc 5.81E-07
Dichlorobenzidine, svoc ND NotaCOPC 3,3'-
Dichlorophenol, 2,4-svoc 9.26E-07
Dichlorophenol, 2,6-svoc 5.48E-07
Diethyl phthalate svoc 8.00E-07
Dimethyl phenol, 2,4-svoc ND 6.90E-06
Dimethyl phthalate svoc ND 5.48E-07
Dimethylaminoazoben svoc ND 5.48E-07 zene, p-
Dimethylbenz(a)anthra svoc ND Not aCOPC cene, 7,12-
Dimethylbenzidine, svoc ND Not aCOPC 3,3'-
Di-n-butyl phthalate svoc ND 1.10E-05
Dinitro-2-svoc ND 9.53E-06 methylphenol, 4,6-
Dinitrobenzene, 1 ,3-svoc ND 5.70E-07
Dinitrophenol, 2,4-svoc ND 2.41E-05
Dinitrotoluene, 2,4-svoc 5.48E-07
Dinitrotoluene, 2,6-svoc 5.63E-07
Di-n-octyl phthalate svoc 3.70E-06
Diphenylamine svoc ND 5.48E-07
Ethyl svoc ND 5.48E-07 methanesulfonate
Fluoranthene svoc 2.63E-06
Fluorene svoc 6.53E-07
Hexach I oro benzene svoc 4.66E-06
82
Table 2-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern, Detections and Emissions
Factors for ATK Promontory HHRA
COPC Class of Detected Maximum Emissions
Chemical Factor (lbs/lbs)
Hexachlorobutadiene svoc ND 8.11E-07
Hexachlorocyclopenta svoc I.IOE-05 diene
Hexachloroethane svoc ND 5.91E-07
Hexachloropropene svoc 7.89E-07
lndeno( 1 ,2,3-svoc l-1 3.98E-07 cd)pyrene
Isophorone svoc ND 5.48E-07
Methyl svoc ND 6.02E-07 methane sulfonate
Methylcholanthrene, svoc ND 6.67E-07 3-
Methylnaphthalene, 2-svoc ND 7.47E-06
Methylphenol, 2-svoc ND 3.29E-06
Methylphenol, 3-& svoc ND 2.57E-07 Methylphenol, 4-
Naphthalene svoc 9.16E-05
Naphthylamine, 1-svoc ND l.lOE-05
Naphthylamine, 2-svoc ND l.IE-05
Nitroaniline, 2-svoc ND 5.48E-07
Nitroaniline, 3-svoc ND 2.19E-06
Nitroaniline, 4-svoc ND 2.19E-06
Nitrobenzene svoc ND 6.24E-07
Nitrophenol, 2-svoc 4.71E-06
Nitrophenol, 4-svoc ND 3.61E-06
N-N itro-o-toluidine svoc ND 2.77E-07
N-Nitrosodiethylamine svoc ND 5.48E-07
N-svoc ND 5.58E-07 Nitrosodi methylamine
N-Nitrosodi-n-svoc ND 5.48E-07 butylamine
N-Nitrosodi-n-svoc ND 5.48E-07 propylamine
N-Nitrosodiphenyl svoc ND 9.75E-08 amine
N-Nitrosomethylethyl svoc ND 9.09E-07 amine
N-Nitrosomorpholine svoc ND 5.48E-07
Pentachlorobenzene svoc 5.48E-07
Pentachloroethane svoc ND 6.98E-07
Pentachloronitro svoc ND 5.81E-07 benzene
Pentachlorophenol svoc ND 2.74E-05
Phenanthrene svoc 3.17E-06
Phenol svoc 2.98E-06
Pyrene svoc 2.25E-06
Pyridine svoc ND 8.11E-07
83
Table 2-1
Chemicals of Potential Concern, Detections and Emissions
Factors for ATK Promontory HHRA
COPC Class of Detected Maximum Emissions
Chemical Factor (lbs/lbs)
Tetrachlorobenzene, svoc ND 5.48E-07 I ,2,4,5-
Tetrachlorophenol, svoc ND 7.12E-07 2,3,4,6-
Toluidine, o-svoc ND 7.01E-06
Trichlorobenzene, svoc 6.46E-07 1,2,4-
Trichlorophenol, 2,4,5-svoc ND 1.42E-06
Trichlorophenol, 2,4,6-svoc 1.31E-06
Trinitrobenzene, I ,3,5-svoc ND 5.48E-07
NOTES
(a) The emissions of chromium (VI) will be adjusted to be 100% of chromium
84
Table 2-2
Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry,
and their Potential to be Emitted b_yATK
Present in Generated Considered Analyte MDL Typical Use of Chemical Waste? or Possibly aCOPC Emitted?
Metals
Barium has only a few industrial applications. The metal has been Not historically used in vacuum tubes, semiconductors and in drilling fluids, Generated, Barium 9.6 flg and in purer form, as X-ray radio contrastagents. ATK uses barium in Yes maybe Yes
small amounts in the flare initiation systems in the form of barium emitted nitrate.
Cadmium use is decreasing and with the exception of its use in nickel-Not
Cadmium 0.5 flg cadmium and cadmium-tellurium batteries it is not used. ATK does not No Generated, Yes bum batteries, or use cadmium, but these are a low possibility it may maybe
present at low levels in ATK's waste. emitted
Cobalt-based blue pigments have been used since ancient times for Not
Generated, Cobalt 1.8 flg jewelry and paints, and to impart a distinctive blue tint to glass. Not Unlikely maybe Yes
used by ATK. emitted
In humans, magnesium is the eleventh most abundant element by mass Emitted but
Magnesium 88.5 flg in the body. Magnesium compounds are used medicinally as common Yes human No laxatives and antacids. A TK does not use magnesium in its
manufacturing processes. ATK uses magnesium in flare manufacturing. nutrient
Commercially, selenium is produced as a byproduct in the refining of Not these ores, most often during copper production. The chief commercial Generated, Selenium 2.8 flg uses for selenium today are in glassmaking and pigments. Selenium is a No maybe Yes
semiconductors, photocells and in electronics. A TK does not use emitted selenium.
Approximately 60-70% ofthallium production is used in the electronics Not
Generated, Thallium 3.5 flg industry, and the remainder is used in the pharmaceutical and glass No or emitted Yes
manufacturing industry. A TK does not use thallium. (a)
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Benzyl alcohol 35 flg Used as a general solvent for inks, paints, lacquers, and epoxy resin No Possibly Yes coatings. emitted
bis(2-Chloroethoxy) 0.5 flg A synthetic organic compound; chiefly used in the production of No Unlikely Yes methane polysulfide polymers; used as a solvent.
bis(2-Chloroethyl) ether 0.6 flg Selective solvent for production of high-grade lubricating oils, No Unlikely Yes
85
Table 2-2
Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry,
and their Potential to be Emitted by ATK
Present in Generated Considered Analyte MDL Typical Use of Chemical Waste? or Possibly aCOPC Emitted?
intermediate & cross-linker in organic synthesis. Used in aerosols and
as a _pesticide.
bis(2-Chloroisopropyl) 0.8 ).lg Used as an intermediate in the manufacture of dyes, resins, and No Unlikely Yes ether pharmaceuticals; used in textile processes.
4-Bromophenyl phenyl 0.5 ).lg Research chemical; used as flame retardant additives in polymers. No Unlikely Yes ether
Pentachlorophenol 25 ).lg Used as a wood preservative for utility poles, cross arms, and fence No Possibly Yes posts. emitted
2-Propanol 4ppbv Used as a general solvent for inks, paints, lacquers, and epoxy resin No Possibly Yes coatings. emitted
2-Methylphenol 3.0 ).lg Synthetic chemical used primarily in the manufacture of dyestuffs, No Possibly Yes emitted
3-Methylphenol & 4-2.0 ).lg Synthetic chemical used primarily in the manufacture of dyestuffs, No Possibly Yes Methylphenol emitted
4-Nitrophenol 3.3 ).lg Chemical intermediate for insecticides, leather preservatives, leather No Possibly Yes treatment. emitted
4,6-Dinitro-2-8.7 ).lg Used as an insecticide, fungicide, herbicide, and defoliant. No Possibly Yes methylphenol emitted
2,3,4,6-0.7 ).lg Used as a pesticide for paper mills preservative and a component in No Possibly Yes Tetrachlorophenol pentahlorophenol (wood preservative). emitted
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 1.3 ).lg Used as a herbicide, defoliant; formerly used as a wood preservative and No Possibly Yes anti mildew treatment for textiles. emitted
Used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, plastics, and additives to Possibly 2,4-Dimethylphenol 6.3 ).lg gasolines and lubricants, and solvents. The test items did contain No Yes
plastics, solvents and diesel fuel. emitted
Used in making dyes, wood preservatives, explosives, insect control
2,4-Dinitrophenol 22)-lg substances, and other chemicals, and as a photographic developer. This Yes Possibly Yes compound may be released during burning since the test items emitted
contained propellant.
4-Chloro-3-0.6 ).lg Used as an external germicide; preservative for glues, gums, paints, No Possibly Yes methylphenol inks, and textiles. emitted
Aldehydes
2,5-0.5 ).lg Used in synthetic organic reactions No Possibly Yes
86
Table 2-2
Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry,
and their Potential to be Emitted by ATK
Present in Generated Considered Analyte MDL Typical Use of Chemical Waste? or Possibly aCOPC Emitted?
Dimethylbenzaldehyde emitted
Crotonaldehyde 0.3 IJg Used in synthetic organic reactions No Possibly Yes emitted
lsopentanal 0.3 IJg Used in flavoring compounds, resin chemistry, and rubber accelerators No Possibly Yes flavor ingredient for foods and beverages. emitted
m,p-Tolualdehyde 0.3 IJg Used in synthetic organic reactions No Possibly Yes emitted
Amine, Aniline, Hydrazine and Benzidine Compounds
A volatile amine that ignites readily. The largest sources of aniline
Aniline 7.3 IJg release are from its primary uses as a chemical intermediate in the No Unlikely Yes production of polymers, pesticides, pharmaceuticals and dyes. A TK
does not engage in these activities
4-Chloroaniline 6.0 IJg Used as in intermediate in dyes, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural No Unlikely Yes chemicals.
4-Nitroaniline 2.0 IJg Chemical intermediate for antioxidants, dyes, pigments, gasoline gum No Unlikely Yes inhibitors, and veterinary medicine; also used as a corrosion inhibitor.
Intermediate for dyes, herbicides, and rodenticides. It is not a
1-Naphthylamine 10 lig component of ordnance items or propellant and would not be expected No Unlikely Yes
in emissions from the OB test.
2-Naphthylamine 10 lig Chemical intermediate for dyes and rubber oxidants. Used to produce 2-No Unlikely Yes chloronaphthylamine
Chemical intermediate for antioxidants, dyes, pigments, gasoline gum
2-Nitroaniline 0.5 IJg inhibitors, and veterinary medicine; also used as a corrosion inhibitor. Yes Unlikely Yes
Small amount possible in ATK's waste.
Chemical intermediate for antioxidants, dyes, pigments, gasoline gum
3-Nitroaniline 2.0 IJg inhibitors, and veterinary medicine; also used as a corrosion inhibitor. Yes Unlikely Yes
Small amount possible in ATK's waste.
4-Aminobiphenyl 10 lig 4-Aminobiphenyl is no longer manufactured commercially; it was used No Unlikely Yes as a rubber antioxidant and a dye intermediate in the past
Benzidine 511Jg Used in the manufacture of dyes and as a reagent for detecting cyanide. No No No Banned in the US since 1973.
Dichlorobenzidine 3,3'-7.4 IJg Used as chemical intermediates to produce pigments that are produced No No No commercially in the USA (Pigment Yellows 12, 13, 14, 17, 34, & 55).
87
Table 2-2
Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry,
and their Potential to be Emitted by A TK
Present in Generated Considered Analyte MDL Typical Use of Chemical Waste? or Possibly aCOPC Emitted?
Banned in the US since 1973.
Dimethylbenzidine · Very sensitive reagent for detection of gold and free chlorine in water.
50 ,ug Chemical intermediate for dyes. Curing agent for urethane resins. No No No 3,3'-Banned in the US since 1973.
Diphenylamine 0.5 ,ug Used in the manufacture of dyes; stabilizing nitrocellulose explosives Yes Unlikely Yes and celluloid.
Hydrazine is found at low levels in some rocket motor directional
Hydrazine NA systems, and may be found in ATK wastes. Hydrazine is highly No No No
flammable and reactive and will be destroyed in the incineration process
Synthetic chemical used primarily in the manufacture of dyestuffs,
N-Nitro-o-toluidine 8.0 ,ug although it is also used in the production of rubber, chemicals, and No Unlikely Yes
pesticides and as a curing agent for epoxy resin systems.
Used as a rubber accelerator, staining retarder for natural and synthetic
N-Nitrosodiethylamine 0.5 ,ug rubbers, vulcanization retarder, and to make p-nitrosodiphenylamine. No Unlikely Yes Recent information on N-nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA) indicates that
it is no longer produced in the USA.
N-N-Nitrosodimethylamine is primarily used as a research chemical. N-
Nitrosodimethylamine 0.5 ,ug Nitrosodimethylarnine has been used as an antioxidant, as an additive No Unlikely Yes
for lubricants, and as a softener of copolymers
N-Nitrosodi-n-0.5 ,ug Not commercially produced in any significant quantity but has been No Unlikely Yes butylamine used in the dye industry
N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine (DPN) is apparently not commercially
N-Nitrosodi-n-0.5 ,ug produced in any significant quantity but has been found as a No Unlikely Yes propylamine contaminant in the substituted dinitrotrifluarin herbicides and has been
detected in effluent from a textile plant.
Used as a rubber accelerator, staining retarder for natural and synthetic
N-0.9 ,ug rubbers, vulcanization retarder, and to make p-nitrosodiphenylamine.
Nitrosodiphenylamine Recent information on N-nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA) indicates that No Unlikely Yes
it is no longer produced in the USA.
Used as a rubber accelerator, staining retarder for natural and synthetic
N-Nitrosomethylethyl 0.8 ,ug rubbers, vulcanization retarder, and to make p-nitrosodiphenylamine. No Unlikely Yes amine Recent information on N-nitrosodiphenylamine indicates that it is no
longer produced in the USA.
88
Table 2-2
Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry,
and their Potential to be Emitted by ATK
Present in Generated Considered Analyte MDL Typical Use of Chemical Waste? or Possibly aCOPC Emitted?
Used as a chemical intermediate and solvent. ATK has a small amount Yes Pyridine 0.7 )lg of reactive waste that contain pyridine. Trace Unlikely Yes
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine 0.5 )lg Intermediate for benzidine, dyes, motor oil additive. Rapidly No No No decomposes when released into the air.
p-Dimethylaminoazo Uses as a dye intermediate, in photosensitive polymers and reusable
benzene 0.5 )lg films, as an indicator in volumetric analysis, in tests for oxidized fat, No Unlikely Yes
and as a coloring agent.
Synthetic chemical used primarily in the manufacture of dyestuffs,
a-Toluidine 6.4 )lg although It is also used in the production of rubber, chemicals, and No Unlikely Yes
pesticides and as a curing agent for epoxy resin systems.
Cl2
Cl2 28.8 )lg Chlorine gas is not present in ATK's waste; however it is generated in No Yes Yes the burning process.
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Used as a research chemical, a reactive intermediate in chemical
2-Acetylaminofluorene 0.5 )lg synthesis and research. Relatively unstable molecule and unlikely to No No (b) No survive the in the incineration process.
Monochloronaphthalenes have been used for chemical resistant gage
2-Chloronaphthalene 0.5)1g fluids and instrument seals, as heat exchange fluids, high boiling No Unlikely Yes specialty solvents, color dispersions, as crank case additives to dissolve
sludge and gums, and as ingredients in motor tune-up compounds.
3-Methylcholanthrene 0.5)1g Research chemical used in cancer research. No No (b) No
Five ring P AH, especially high exposure will occur through the Not in 1.3
Benzo( a)pyrene 0.5)1g smoking of cigarettes and the ingestion of certain foods (e.g., smoked No possible in Yes
and charcoal broiled meats and fish). 1.1 (c)
Five ring P AH, common in coal products. Not detected in ODOBi Not in 1.3
Dibenz( a,h )anthracene 0.5)1g No possible in Yes emissions and unlikely to be formed in the incineration process. 1.1 (d)
7,12-A four ring methyl-PAH used in experimental cancer and DNA
Dimethylbenz( a,h)anth 0.5)1g research. Not detected in ODOBi emissions and unlikely to be formed No No (e) No
racene in the incineration process.
89
Table 2-2
Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry,
and their Potential to be Emitted by ATK
Present in Generated Considered Analyte MDL Typical Use of Chemical Waste? or Possibly aCOPC Emitted?
Phthalates
bis(2-Ethylhexyl) 10,ug Used as a plasticizer. Possibly Possibly Yes phthalate emitted
Butyl benzyl phthalate 0.6,ug Used as a plasticizer, may be present in plastics Possibly Possibly Yes emitted
Dimethyl phthalate 0.5,ug Used as a solvent and plasticizer, may be present in plastics Possibly Possibly Yes emitted
Di-n-butyl phthalate 10,ug Used primarily as a plasticizer, may be present in plastics Possibly Possibly Yes emitted
Other Semi Volatile Organic Compounds
1,2,4,5-Intermediate in the production of herbicides, insecticides, and Possibly 0.5,ug defoliants. It is not a component of ordnance items or propellant. No Yes Tetrachlorobenzene Possibly generated in the incineration process generated
Solvent in chemical manufacturing, dyes & intermediates, dielectric Possibly 1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 0.6,ug fluid, synthetic transformer oils, lubricants, heat-transfer medium, No Yes
insecticides. Possibly generated in the incineration process generated
A colorless to pale yellow liquid used to make herbicides. It is not a Possibly 1 ,2-Dichlorobenzene 0.5,ug component of ordnance items or propellant. Possibly generated in the No Yes
incineration process generated
1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene 0.5,ug Used to manufacture explosives Yes Possibly Yes generated
1 ,3-Dichlorobenzene 0.6,ug Used as a fumigant and insecticide No Possibly Yes generated
1 ,3-Dinitrobenzene 0.5,ug Used to produce aniline, which has wide application in the manufacture No Possibly Yes of dyes. Possibly generated in the incineration process generated
Commonly used in mothballs and toilet deodorizer blocks. It is not a Possibly 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 0.5,ug component of ordnance items or propellant. Possibly generated in the No generated Yes
incineration process
Dinoseb l.O,ug Pesticide, weed killer. Not used by ATK No NO
Ethyl methanesulfonate 0.5,ug Research chemical No Unlikely Yes
Hexachlorobutadiene 0.7,ug Used as a solvent for elastomers, heat-transfer liquid, transformer and No Unlikely Yes hydraulic fluids and as a wash liquor for removing C4 and higher
90
Table 2-2
Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry,
and their Potential to be Emitted by ATK
Present in Generated Considered Analyte MDL Typical Use of Chemical Waste? or Possibly aCOPC Emitted?
hydrocarbons.
Hexachlorocyclo-lO,ug Research chemical No Unlikely Yes pentadiene
It is an impurity in some chlorinated solvents, and formation of very
Hexachloroethane 0.5,ug small amounts during chlorination of sewage effluent prior to discharge. No Unlikely Yes Possibly generated in the incineration process
Carbazole 0.6,ug Found in coal tar, roofing creosote, asphalt, and other coal-related No Possibly Yes products. Not used by ATK. generated
Used as a solvent for a large number of natural and synthetic polymers, Possibly Isophorone 0.5,ug resins, waxes, fats, oils, and pesticides, in addition to being used as a No generated Yes
chemical intermediate
Isosafrole 0.5,ug Occurs naturally as a principal component ofthe essential oil star anise No Unlikely No and also at low quantities in the essential oils of other spices.
Methyl 0.6,ug Research chemical No Unlikely Yes methanesulfonate
Used as a research chemical and as a starting reagent in manufacturing. Possibly Nitrobenzene 0.6,ug Found in petroleum products. May be a breakdown product of No emitted Yes
dinitrobenzene compounds
Also called (D)-limonene, and is both a naturally occurring and a
N-Nitrosomorpholine 0.5,ug synthetically produced terpene, which is used· in flavors and fragrances, No Unlikely Yes
as a solvent and for numerous other commercial uses.
N-Nitrosopiperidine 0.5,ug Used as a research chemicals and not for commercial purposes. No No
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine 0.5,ug A carcinogenic nitrosamine formed from preservatives in meats during No Unlikely No their preparation or in the liver during metabolism.
Pentachloroethane 0.5,ug Research chemical. Possibly generated in the incineration process No Unlikely Yes
Pentachloronitro Used as an intermediate, herbicide, fungicide for seed and soil Possibly
benzene 0.5,ug treatment, and as a slime inhibitor in industrial waters. Possibly No emitted Yes
generated in the incineration process
Phenacetin 0.5,ug Analgesic, fever-reducing drug No Highly No Unlikely
Safrole 0.5,ug The principal component of brown camphor oil and found in small No Highly No amounts in a wide variety of plants. Unlikely
91
Table 2-2
Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry,
and their Potential to be Emitted by ATK
Present in Generated Considered Analyte MDL Typical Use of Chemical Waste? or Possibly aCOPC Emitted?
cs 1.0f.lg Tear gas No Highly No Unlikely
VOCs
1, 1,1-Trichloroethane 1ppbv Used in vapor degreasing, metal cleaning, etc. found in landfill Yes Possibly Yes leachates and volatile emissions. ATK uses some TCA low levels emitted
1,1,2,2-1ppbv Solvent for fats, oils, waxes, resins, cellulose sulfur, rubber. No Possibly Yes Tetrachloroethane emitted
Used in adhesives, production of tubing, in lacquer, and coating Possibly 1,1 ,2-Trichloroethane 1ppbv formulations. Intermediate in the production of vinylidine chloride, as a No emitted Yes
solvent and component of adhesives
1, 1-Dichloroethane 1ppbv Used as a chemical intermediate and solvent. Used by ATK. Yes Possibly Yes emitted
1, 1-Dichloroethene 1ppbv Used as co-monomer, primarily with vinyl chloride; in adhesives; No Possibly Yes component of synthetic fibers. emitted
1 ,2,3-Trimethylbenzene 4ppbv Solvent in chemical manufacturing, degreasing, oil removal, and present Yes Possibly Yes in gasoline. emitted
Solvent in chemical manufacturing, dyes & intermediates, dielectric Possibly 1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 4ppbv fluid, synthetic transformer oils, lubricants, heat-transfer medium, No Yes
insecticides. emitted
1,2-Dibromoethane 1ppbv Used as a solvent for resins, gums, and waxes and as a chemical No Possibly Yes (EDB) intermediate in the synthesis of dyes and pharmaceuticals. emitted
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 1ppbv Used to make herbicides. It is not a component of ordnance items or No Possibly Yes propellant. emitted
1,2-Dichloroethane 1ppbv Used as a chemical intermediate, solvent, and use as a lead scavenger in No Possibly Yes gasoline. emitted
1 ,2-Dichloropropane 1ppbv Solvent in chemical manufacturing, degreasing, oil removal, and present No Possibly Yes in gasoline. emitted
1,3-Dichlorobenzene 1ppbv Used as a fumigant and insecticide. No Possibly Yes emitted
1,3-Diethylbenzene 4ppbv Chemical reagent.. Not used by ATK, but may be present in solvent No Possibly Yes residues at low levels. emitted
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 1ppbv Used to make herbicides. It is not a component of ordnance items or No Possibly Yes
92
Table 2-2
Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry,
and their Potential to be Emitted by ATK
Present in Generated Considered Analyte MDL Typical Use of Chemical Waste? or Possibly aCOPC Emitted?
propellant. emitted
1,4-Diethylbenzene 4ppbv Chemical reagent.. Not used by ATK, but may be present in solvent No Possibly Yes residues at low levels. emitted
1 ,4-Dioxane 4ppbv Solvent and degreasing compound, petroleum additive and a solvent Yes Possibly Yes stabilizer emitted
2,2-Dimethylbutane 4ppbv Solvent and degreasing compound, petroleum compound. Not used by No Possibly Yes ATK, but may be present in solvent residues at low levels. emitted
2,3,4-Trimethylpentane 4ppbv Solvent and degreasing compound, petroleum compound. Not used by No Possibly Yes A TK, but may be present in solvent residues at low levels. emitted
2,4-Dimethylpentane 4ppbv Solvent and degreasing compound, petroleum compound. Not used by No Possibly Yes A TK, but may be present in solvent residues at low levels. emitted
2-Ethyltoluene 4ppbv Solvent and degreasing compound, petroleum compound. Not used by No Possibly Yes ATK, but may be present in solvent residues at low levels. emitted
2-Hexanone 4ppbv A common organic solvent may be present in trace amount. Yes Possibly Yes emitted
4-Methyl-2-pentanone 1ppbv Used as an organic solvent. May be used by ATK, and residues may be No Possibly Yes present at low levels. emitted
alpha-Chlorotoluene 1ppbv Chemical solvent and reagent. Not used by ATK No Possibly Yes emitted
Bromodichloromethane 1ppbv Chemical solvent and reagent. Not used by ATK. By-product of water No Possibly Yes purification. emitted
Bromoform 1ppbv Chemical solvent and reagent. Not used by ATK No Possibly Yes emitted
Bromomethane 1ppbv Chemical solvent and reagent. Small quantities used by ATK. Yes Possibly Yes emitted
Chloroacetonitrile 10ppbv Major uses as an organic intermediate in the manufacture of the No Possibly Yes insecticide fenoxycarb and the cardiovascular drug guanethidine. emitted
Chloroethane 1ppbv Chemical solvent and reagent. No Possibly Yes emitted
Used as a solvent for waxes, resins, and acetylcellulose. It is also used
cis-1 ,2-Dichloroethene 1ppbv in the extraction of rubber, as a refrigerant, in the manufacture of No Possibly Yes pharmaceuticals and artificial pearls and in the extraction of oils and emitted
fats from fish and meat.
93
Table 2-2
Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry,
and their Potential to be Emitted by ATK
Present in Generated Considered Analyte MDL Typical Use of Chemical Waste? or Possibly aCOPC Emitted?
cis-2-Pentene 4ppbv Chemical intermediate for petroleum resins and sec-amyl alcohols. It is No Possibly Yes also used as a polymerization inhibitor and hydrocarbon solvent. emitted
A constituent of crude oil and finished fuels. It is released to the
Cumene 1ppbv environment as a result of its production and processing from petroleum No Possibly Yes refining, the evaporation and combustion of petroleum products, and by emitted
the use of a variety of products containing cumene.
Dibromochloro 1ppbv Used as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of fire No Possibly Yes methane extinguishing agents, aerosol propellants, refrigerants, and pesticides. emitted
Used as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, alkaloids, gums, resins,
Ethyl Ether 4ppbv nitrocellulose, hydrocarbons, raw rubber, smokeless powder, textiles, Yes Possibly Yes rayon, plastic, and dyes; Used as an anesthetic in human and animal emitted
medicine
Base material for coatings and adhesives. It is used in resins, solvent,
Ethyl Methacrylate 10ppbv coatings, adhesives, oil additives, dental products, textile emulsions, Yes Possibly Yes leather and paper finishing. It is also used as a chemical intermediate in emitted
organic synthesis.
Freons may be released to the environment as emissions from
production, storage, transport, turbine engines, use as a foaming agent,
Freon 11 1ppbv refrigerant, and solvent, or use in the manufacture offluoropolymers, No Unlikely No and may be released to soil from the disposal of products containing this
compound (e.g. commercial industrial refrigeration units). Highly
volatile, and relatively non-toxic.
Freon 113 lppbv Refrigerant degreasing solvent, highly volatile, and relatively non-toxic No Unlikely No
Freon 114 lppbv Refrigerant degreasing solvent, highly volatile, and relatively non-toxic No Unlikely No
Freon 12 1ppbv Refrigerant degreasing solvent, highly volatile, and relatively non-toxic No Unlikely No
Used as a solvent for elastomers, heat-transfer liquid, transformer and Possibly Hexachlorobutadiene 4ppbv hydraulic fluids and as a wash liquor for removing C4 and higher No emitted Yes
hydrocarbons.
Isoprene 4ppbv Used as a base material for the production of synthetic rubbers. No Unlikely No
Methyl Acrylate 4ppbv Used in the production of acrylic fibers in dental, medical, and No Possibly Yes pharmaceutical sciences. emitted
Methyl Methacrylate 4ppbv Used in the production of polymers such as surface coating resins, Yes Possibly Yes plastics (Plexiglas and Lucite), ion exchange resins and plastic dentures. emitted
94
Table 2-2
Summary of Non-Detected Chemicals, their Use in Industry,
and their Potential to be Emitted by ATK
Present in Generated Considered Analyte MDL Typical Use of Chemical Waste? or Possibly aCOPC Emitted?
Methyl tert-butyl ether 1ppbv Octane booster in gasoline. No Possibly Yes emitted
n-Butylchloride 10ppbv Solvent; chemical intermediate in the synthesis of alkylated ani lines. No Possibly Yes emitted
Used as a solvent for waxes, resins and acetylcellulose. It is also used in
trans-1,2-1ppbv the extraction of rubber, as a refrigerant, in the manufacture of No Possibly Yes Dichloroethene pharmaceuticals and artificial pearls and in the extraction of oils and emitted
fats from fish and meat.
trans-1 ,3-1ppbv Used as a chemical intermediate and corrosion inhibition agent. No Possibly Yes Dichloropropene emitted
ABBREVIATIONS
Jig Micrograms ppbv Parts per billion by volume
NOTES
(a) Thallium is of low abundance.
(b) Reactive compound, see text for a discussion on 2-acetylaminotluorene and 3-Methylcholanthrene
(c) A higher molecular weight PAH not formed in the 1.3-Class incineration process, see text for a discussion on benzo(a)pyrene
(d) A higher molecular weight PAH not formed in the incineration process, see text for a discussion on dibenz(a,h)anthracene
(e) A methylated P AH not formed in the incineration process, see text for a discussion on dimethylbenz(a,h)anthracene
95
Table 2-3
Table of Potential Elements/Compounds in Flare Wastes,
and Associated Dose-Response Information
Oral Inhalation
Reference Reference Cancer
Dose Concentration Ingestion Inhalation
Materials (mglkglday) (pglm3) Slope Factor Unit Risk
Bismuth NA NA NA NA
Boron 0.02 2.00E-02 ----
Cesium NA NA NA NA
Indium NA NA NA NA
Iron 0.7 Nutritional Element
Lead azide and styphnate NA NA NA NA
Silicon Non toxic
Strontium 0.6
Tin 0.6 ------
Triacety tin 8.0 ------
Zinc Powder 0.3 --Nutritional Element
Zirconium 8.00E-05
96
Table 3-1
Summary of On-Site Receptors, ATK Promontory, Utah
97
Receptor Boundaryl1 Boundary 12 Boundary Ia
On-Site Worker
Child Resident X X X
Adult Resident X X X
Child Farmer X X X
Adult Farmer X X X
Table 3-1
SUMMARY OF ON-SITE RECEPTORS
ATK PROMONTORY, UTAH
M-136 M-225
Boundaryt4 Maximum Maximum
On-site On-site
X X
X X X
X X X
X X X
X X X
X -Indicates that the receptor will be quantitatively evaluated at this location.
Combined North Plant Main South Plant Main
M-136 Autoliv Administration Administration
& M-225 Facility Building and Main Building and Main
Maximum Manufacturing Manufacturing
On-site Area Area
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
Table 3-2
Summary of Off-Site Receptors, ATK Promontory, Utah
98
Combined
M-136 M-225 M-136
Receptor Maximum Maximum & M-225
Off-site Off-site Maximum
Off-site
Child Resident X X X
Adult Resident X X X
Child Farmer X X X
Adult Farmer X X X
Recreational Hunter
X -Indicates that the receptor will be quantitatively evaluated at this location.
Adam's
Ranch
X
X
X
X
Table 3-2
SUMMARY OF OFF-SITE RECEPTORS
ATK PROMONTORY, UTAH
Holmgren Christensen ATK Ranch
Ranch Residence Pond
X X X
X X X
X X X
X X X
1 - A qualitative risk evaluation will be presented in the uncertainty analysis for this receptor.
Salt Creek
Howell Dairy Thatcher Penrose Waterfowl Bear River
Migratory Farm Residence Residence Management Bird Refuge Area
X X X
X X X
X X X
X X X
(1) (1)
Table 3-3
Summary of Receptors and Exposure Pathways, A TK Promontory, Utah
99
Table 3-3
SUMMARY OF RECEPTORS AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS
ATK PROMONTORY, UTAH
Exposure Pathway
Inhalation of Vapors and Particulates
lncidentallnqestion of Soil
lnqestion of Drinkinq Water from Surface Water Sources
Ingestion of Homegrown Produce
Ingestion of Homegrown Beef
Ingestion of Milk from Homegrown Cows
lnqestion of Homegrown Chickens
lnqestion of Eqqs from Homeqrown Chickens
lnqestion of Homeqrown Pork
lnqestion of Fish
lnqestion of Breast Milk
Acute Risk from Inhalation of Vapor and Particulates(?)
Notes:
G) u c ~ ~ ·u; ~ .c ~ ::J ca UJu.. ;g
.c 0
x(1)
X
(4)
X
X
X
X
X
X
(5)
x(6)
X
~ c s Cl) ~ ·u; EG) .c ~ :;, ca UJu.. ::: ::J , cc
x(1)
X
(4)
X
X
X
X
X
X
(5)
_(6)
X
(1) -Inhalation exposures will only be evaluated at the off-site receptor locations.
.. c G) , ·u;
G) a:
!! :c 0
x(1)
X
(4)
X
X
~ J
"i ~ G) 0 u ·;::::: 3: c ..
G) Cl) "i , ::J ~ ·u; 1lj ·;:::::
c ~ .. G) Cl) a: -0 ::J
::: 'E;:: ,
::J !! .E , ~ !! ::J cc (.) ::J .. ::J u..
x(1) x(2) x(3)
X X X
(4)
X
X X X
(2) -Evaluated for a worker at the AutoLiv facility, North Plant Main Administration Building and South Plant Main Administration Buildir
(3) -Evaluated for a worker at the location of the maximum on-site impact.
(4) -Surface water in the area is not suitable for use as a drinking water source.
(5) -Fishing does not occur in the area due to general poor surface water quality, intermittent surface water flow in the
vicinity of the treatment units, and lack of game fish in local water bodies.
(6) -Ingestion of breast milk is evaluated for an infant for dioxins/furans only
(7) -Evaluated using maximum one hour chemical concentrations in air at each location.
•
1 1 1
1
1
1
1
Table 3-4 1
Exposure Assumptions, ATK Promontory, Utah 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
100
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
RECEPTOR
All Exposures
Averaging time for carcinogens
Averaging time for noncarcinogens
Exposure duration
~xposure frequency
Bogy weight
Time period at the beginning of combustion
Length of exposure duration
Inhalation
Inhalation exposure duration I
Inhalation exposure frequency I
\Inhalation exposure time I
Drinking Water
Fraction of contaminated drinking water I
Consumption rate of drinking water I
Incidental Ingestion of Soil I Fraction of contaminated soil I
Consumption rate of soil I
ll!llllstion of Poultry
Fraction of contaminated poultry I
Consumption rate of pouHry I
ll!llllstion of Produce
Fraction of contaminated produce
Consumption rate of aboveground produce
Consumption rate of protected aboveground produce
Consumption rate of belowground produce
Ingestion of Beef
I Fraction of contaminated beef I
\Consumption rate of beef I
lnjiestion of Eggs
Fraction of contaminated eggs I
Consumption rate of eggs
Ingestion of Milk
Fraction of contaminated milk
Consumption rate of milk
Ingestion of Pork
Fraction of contaminated pork
I Consumption rate of pork
Ingestion of Breast Milk
Boday weight-infant
Exposure duration -infant
Proportion ofinaested dioxin that is stored in tat
Proportion of mothe~s wei!lht that is fat
Fraction of fat in breast milk
Fraction of ingested contaminant that is absorbed
Half l~e of dioxin in aduHs
Ingestion rate of breast milk
OW-Dry weight of soil or planUanimal tissue.
Table 3-4
EXPOSURE ASSUMPTIONS
ATK PROMONTORY, UTAH
Resident Resident
Adult1'1 Chlld111
70 70
20 6
20 6
350 350
80 15
0 0
20 6
20 I 6 I
350 I 350 I
24 24 I
NA I NA I
NA I NA I
1 I 1 I
0.0001 I 0.0002 I
1 I 1 I
0 I 0 I
1 1
0.00032 0.00077
0.00061 0.0015
0.00014 0.00023
1 1
0 0 I
1 1 I
0 0
1 1
0 0
1 1
0 0
9.4
1
0.9
0.3
0.04
0.9
2555
0.688
FW-Fresh weight (or whole/wet weight) of plant or animal tissue.
NA -Not appficable
Fanner Fanner Industrial
Adult1'1 Child111 Worker21
70 70 70
40 6 25
40 6 25
350 350 250
80 15 80
0 0 0
40 6 25
40 6 I 25
350 I 350 I 250
24 I 24 8
NA I NA NA
NA I NA NA
1 I 1 0
0.0001 I 0.0002 0 (3)
1 I 1 0
0.00066 I 0.00045 0
1 1 0
0.00047 0.00113 0
0.00064 0.00157 0
0.00017 0.00028 0
1 I 1 I 0
0.00122 I 0.00075 I 0
1 I 1 I 0
0.00075 I 0.00054 0
1 1 0
0.01367 0.02268 0
1 1 0
0.00055 0.00042 0
1 -Values from USEPA's HeaHh Risk Assessment Protocol tor Hazardous Waste Combustion Facilities, September 2005.
2-Values are from USEPA's Supplemental Guidance for Developing Soil Screening Levels for Superfund SHes, December 2002.
3 -It is assumed an industrial worker is inside a building
Units
~
~
_yr
da'J/yr
1\!1_
~
~
I ~ I I da'J/yr I
I hr/day I
I -I
I Uday I
I -I I ~g[d I
I -I I kglk_g-dl!'l_ FW_l
-
kglk_g-day OW
kg/kg-day OW
kg/kg-day OW
-
kg/kg-day FW
-
kg/kg-day FW I
-
kg/kg-day FW
-
kg/kg-day FW
kg
year ---
-
days
kg/day
Table 3-5
Site Specific Inputs, ATK Promontory, Utah
101
Parameter
Ev, Average annual evapotranspiration (cm/yr)
I, Average annual irrigation (cm/yr)
P, Average annual precipitation (cm/yr)
RO, Runoff (cm/yr)
Wind Velocity (m/s)
Notes:
Table 3-5
SITE-SPECIFIC INPUT VALUES
ATK PROMONTORY, UTAH
Value Source
64 Hydrologic Atlas of Utah(1)
55 Lower end of ranqe in Baes and others(2)
36 Western Reqional Climate Center(3)
0.64 McGuinness(4l, Busby(s)
4.1 M245 Meteorological Station Data from 1997 to 2001
1 -Hydrologic Atlas of Utah. Logan, UT: Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 1968.
2-Baes, C.F., A.D. Sharp, A.L. Sjoreen, and R.W. Shor. 1984. "Review and Analysis of Parameters and Assessing Transport of
Environmentally Released Radionuclides Through Agriculture." Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
(http://rais.ornl.gov/documents/ornl5786.pdf).
3-Data from the Thiokol Plant 78 weather station. (http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ut8668).
4 -McGuinness, C.L. 1964. Generalized Map Showing Annual Runoff and Productive Aquifers in the Conterminous United States
(http://pubs.er. usgs.gov/publication/ha 194 ).
5-Busby, M.W.1966. Annual Runoff in the Conterminous United States. (http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ha212).
Table 3-6
Chemical Parameters Not in the HHRAP Database, ATK Promontory, Utah
102
Molecular Melting Vapor
CAS No. Chemical Weight Point Pressure
g(mole K atm
526-73-8 1 ,2,3-Trimethylbenzene 1.20E+<l2 2.48E+02 1.69E+OO
95-63-6 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 1.20E+02 2.29E+02 2.10E+00
105-05-5 1,4-Diethylbenzene 1.34E+02 1.94E+02 1.06E+00
106-98-9 1-Butene 5.61E+01 8.80E+01 1.14E+01
9Q-13-1 1-Chloronaphthalene 1.63E+02 2.70E+02 3.82E-05
134-32-7 1-Naphthylamine 1.43E+02 3.23E+02 5.59E-02
540-84-1 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 1.14E+02 1.66E+02 6.49E-02
75-83-2 2,2-Dimethylbutane 8.62E+01 1.74E+02 3.19E+02
565-75-3 2,3,4,-Trimethytpentane 1.14E+02 1.64E+02 2.71E+01
79-29-8 2,3-Dimethylbutane 8.62E+01 1.44E+02 2.35E+02
565-59-3 2,3-Dimethylpentane 1.00E+02 1.38E+02 6.89E+01
108-08-7 2,4-Dimethylpentane 1.00E+02 1.53E+02 7.94E+01
5779-94-2 2,5-Dimethvlbenzaldeh_yde 1.34E+02 O.OOE+OO 1.31E-01
87-65-0 2,6-DichloroJJ_henol 1.63E+02 3.40E+02 2.17E-05
611-14-3 2-Ethyttoluene 1.20E+02 2.56E+02 3.26E-03
591-78-6 2-Hexanone 1.00E+02 2.17E+02 1.53E-02
562-27-6 2-Methylheptane 1.14E+02 1.64E+02 5.24E-02
591-76-4 2-Methylhexane 1.00E+02 1.53E+02 1.97E-01
91-57-6 2-Methylnajl_hthalene 1.42E+02 3.08E+02 5.50E-02
107-83-5 2-Methylpentane 8.62E+01 1.19E+02 2.11E+02
91-59-8 2-Naphthylamine 1.43E+02 3.27E+02 5.92E-09
62D-14-4 3-Ethyttoluene 1.20E+02 1.78E+02 3.86E-03
589-81-1 3-Methylheptane 1.14E+02 1.73E+02 1.96E+01
589-34-4 3-Methylhexane 1.00E+02 1.54E+02 1.45E-01
96-14-0 3-Methylpentane 1.00E+02 1.54E+02 6.15E+01 --3-Methylphenol & 4-Methylphenol 1.08E+02 2.85E+02 2.37E-04 -534-52-1 4,6-Dinitro-2-methylphenol 1.98E+02 3.60E+02 1.58E-07
92-67-1 4-Aminobiphenyl 1.69E+02 3.26E+02 5.00E-08
622-96-8 4-Ethyttoluene 1.20E+02 2.11E+02 3.90E-03
208-96-8 Acenaphthylene 1.52E+02 3.66E+02 1.20E-06
7429-9Q-5 Aluminum 3.00E+01 9.33E+02 O.OOE+OO
191-24-2 Benzo(ahi)pe~lene 2.76E+02 5.51E+02 1.30E-13
111-91-1 bis(2-Chloroethoxv)methane 1.73E+02 2.41E+02 1.74E-04
86-74-8 Carbazole 1.67E+02 5.19E+02 7.50E-07
107-14-2 Chloroacetonitrile 7.55E+01 2.48E+02 1.50E+01
10062-01-5 cis-1,3-Dichloropropene 1.11E+02 2.23E+02 4.47E-02
59Q-18-1 cis-2-Butene 5.61E+01 1.34E+02 1.14E+01
7440-48-4 Cobatt 5.89E+01 1.77E+03 O.OOE+OO
7440-50-8 Copper 6.36E+01 1.36E+03 O.OOE+OO
4170-30-3 Crotonaldehyde 7.01E+01 1.62E+02 2.50E-02
11Q-82·7 Cvclohexane 8.42E+01 2.80E+02 1.30E-01
132-64-9 Dibenzofuran 1.68E+02 3.60E+02 2.48E-03
122-39-4 Diphenylamine 1.69E+02 3.26E+02 8.06E-04
60-29-7 Ethyl Ether 7.41E+01 1.57E+02 7.07E-01
1888-71-7 Hexachloropropene 2.49E+02 1.94E+02 4.53E-04
110-54-3 Hexane 8.62E+01 1.78E+02 1.97E-01 --m,p-Xylene 1.06E+02 2.25E+02 1.09E-02
7439-96-5 Manaanese 5.49E+01 1.52E+03 O.OOE+OO
80-62·6 Methyl Methac~late 1.00E+02 2.25E+02 3.85E+01
1634-04-4 Methyl tert-butyl ether 8.82E+01 1.65E+02 2.50E+02
108-87-2 Methvlcvclohexane 9.82E+01 1.46E+02 6.05E-02
55-18-5 N-Nitrosodiethylamine 1.02E+02 2.57E+02 1.13E-03
62-75-9 N-Nitrosodimethylamine 7.41E+01 2.34E+02 3.55E-03
10595-95-6 N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 8.81E+01 2.46E+02 2.75E-03
59-89-2 N-Nitrosomorpholine 1.16E+02 3.02E+02 4.74E-05
529-20-4 o-Tolualdehyde 1.20E+02 2.98E+02 3.35E-01
6D-11-7 IP-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 2.25E+02 3.84E+02 9.21E-11
76-01-7 Pentachloroethane 2.02E+02 2.44E+02 4.61E-03
14797-73-0 Perchlorate 1.17E+02 1.61E+02 O.OOE+OO
7723-14-0 Phosphorus 3.40E+01 3.17E+02 3.42E-05
123-38-6 Propanal 5.81E+01 2.65E+02 4.17E-01
103-65-1 Propylbenzene 1.20E+02 1.74E+02 4.51E-03
115-07-1 ProiJYiene 4.21E+01 8.80E+01 1.14E+01
I 10061-02-6 trans-1,3-Dichloropropene 1.11E+02 2.23E+02 4.47E-02
624-64-6 trans-2-Butene 4.21E+01 1.68E+02 1.14E+01
Table 3-6
CHEMICAL SPECIFIC INPUT PARAMETERS NOT IN HHRAP DATABASE
ATKPROMONTORY,UTAH
PAGE 1 OF2
Water H Da ow Kow Koc Solubility atm-m3/mole cm2/eec cm2/eec unitleaa mg/L mg(L
4.50E+01 4.36E-Q3 7.80E-Q2 9.03E-06 4.60E+<l3 8.10E+<l2
5.70E+01 6.16E-03 6.07E-02 7.92E-06 4.30E+03 7.68E+02
2.50E+01 7.55E-03 7.25E-02 8.39E-06 3.80E+04 4.31E+03
2.00E+02 1.96E-01 1.30E-01 1.50E-05 5.89E+01 5.50E+01
1.70E+01 1.45E-02 4.56E-02 7.93E-06 1.00E+04 8.56E+03
2.22E+03 4.10E-06 4.51E-02 8.40E-Q6 1.70E+02 1.56E+02
2.40E+00 1.24E+02 5.74E-02 7.06E-06 1.20E+04 1.73E+03
1.80E+01 1.52E+00 9.74E-02 1.13E-05 6.60E+03 1.08E+03
2.30E+00 1.77E+00 8.07E-02 9.34E-06 1.10E+04 1.62E+03
2.30E+01 1.18E+OO 9.74E-02 1.13E-05 2.60E+03 5.15E+02
5.30E+00 1.73E+00 8.81E-02 1.02E-05 4.30E+03 7.68E+02
5.50E+00 1.90E+00 8.81E-02 1.02E-05 4.30E+03 7.68E+02
3.60E+02 1.64E-05 7.25E-02 8.39E-06 6.30E+02 5.65E+02
1.72E+02 2.00E-05 3.47E-02 8.80E-06 7.90E+02 7.06E+02
7.50E+01 5.22E-03 5.83E-02 9.03E-06 4.30E+03 7.68E+02
1.72E+04 9.32E-05 7.04E-02 8.44E-Q6 2.40E+01 1.26E+01
1.24E+01 7.68E-01 2.00E-01 7.77E-06 1.30E+04 1.11E+04
1.24E+01 7.68E-01 8.81E-02 1.02E-05 1.30E+04 1.11E+04
2.46E+01 5.18E-04 5.24E-02 7.78E-06 7.20E+03 6.19E+03
1.40E+01 1.71E+00 9.74E-02 1.13E-05 1.60E+03 3.51E+02
1.89E+02 8.10E-08 6.94E-02 8.04E-06 4.90E+03 4.24E+03
4.00E+01 8.71E-03 5.65E-02 9.03E-06 4.30E+03 7.68E+02
7.90E-01 3.72E+00 8.07E-02 9.34E-06 1.60E+04 2.17E+03
1.24E+01 7.68E-01 2.00E-01 7.77E-06 1.30E+04 1.11E+04
5.00E+00 1.64E+00 8.81E-02 1.02E-05 5.10E+03 8.79E+02
2.27E+04 8.56E-07 7.29E-02 9.32E-06 8.90E+01 8.25E+01
1.98E+02 1.40E-06 5.59E-02 6.53E-06 1.30E+02 1.20E+02
1.29E+02 1.73E-07 6.21E-02 7.19E-06 6.30E+02 5.65E+02
9.50E+01 4.90E-03 6.49E-02 7.80E-06 4.30E+03 7.68E+02
1.61E+01 1.14E-04 4.39E-02 7.53E-06 8.70E+03 7.46E+03
O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO
2.60E-04 1.41E-07 4.90E-01 4.90E-06 4.30E+06 3.32E+06
7.80E+03 3.85E-06 6.12E-02 7.08E-06 2.00E+01 1.90E+01
7.48E+00 1.53E-08 3.90E-02 7.03E-06 5.20E+03 4.50E+03
1.00E+05 1.08E-05 1.06E-01 1.23E-05 3.00E+00 2.43E+00
2.80E+03 2.94E-03 7.65E-02 1.02E-05 1.10E+02 4.21E+01
2.00E+02 1.96E-01 1.30E-01 1.50E-05 5.89E+01 5.50E+01
O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO
O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO
1.55E+05 1.13E-05 9.03E-02 1.02E-05 4.00E+00 3.91E+00
5.50E+01 1.50E-01 8.00E-02 9.11E-06 3.40E+02 1.03E+02
3.10E+00 2.13E·04 4.10E-02 7.38E-06 1.30E+04 1.11E+04
5.30E+01 2.69E-06 4.17E-02 7.63E-06 3.20E+03 2.79E+03
6.04E+04 1.23E-03 8.52E-02 9.36E-06 6.76E+00 4.63E+OO
4.50E+00 2.50E-02 6.36E-02 7.09E-06 2.40E+04 2.02E+04
9.50E+OO 1.80E+00 7.31E-02 8.17E-06 1.30E+04 1.84E+03
1.61E+02 7.34E-03 7.00E-02 7.80E-06 1.60E+03 3.51E+02
O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO
1.50E+04 3.19E-04 7.50E-02 9.21E-06 2.40E+01 1.26E+01
5.10E+04 5.87E-04 7.53E-02 8.59E-06 9.00E+00 5.80E+00
1.40E+01 4.40E-01 9.86E-02 8.50E·06 7.59E+03 1.20E+03
1.06E+05 3.63E-06 7.38E-02 9.13E·06 3.00E+00 2.95E+00
1.00E+06 1.82E-06 9.88E-02 1.15E-05 3.00E-01 3.06E-01
3.00E+05 1.44E-06 9.60E-02 1.12E-05 1.00E+OO 1.00E+00
1.00E+06 2.45E-08 7.98E-02 9.24E·06 3.00E+00 2.95E+00
1.20E+03 1.48E-05 7.80E-02 9.04E-06 1.80E+02 1.65E+02
2.30E-01 2.34E-07 5.13E-02 5.94E-06 3.80E+04 3.18E+04
4.80E+02 1.94E-03 5.51E-02 6.38E-06 1.70E+03 1.50E+03
2.45E+05 O.OOE+OO 7.94E-02 9.20E-06 O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO
3.30E+00 O.OOE+OO 1.81E-01 2.10E-05 O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO
3.06E+05 7.34E-05 1.10E-01 1.22E-05 4.00E+00 3.91E+00
5.22E+01 1.05E-02 6.02E-02 7.83E-06 4.90E+03 8.51E+02
2.00E+02 1.96E-01 1.10E-01 1.07E-05 5.89E+01 2.57E+01
2.80E+03 8.68E-04 7.63E-02 1.01E-05 1.10E+02 4.21E+01
2.00E+02 1.96E-01 1.57E-01 1.82E-05 5.89E+01 5.50E+01
Kd0 Kdow Kdbo Kag Fv
cm3/g Ukg cm3/g (year)"' (unitleaa)
8.10E+OO 6.07E+<l1 3.24E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
7.68E+00 5.76E+01 3.07E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
4.31E+01 3.23E+02 1.72E+02 O.OOE+OO 1
5.50E-01 4.12E+00 2.20E+OO O.OOE+OO 1
8.56E+01 6.42E+02 3.42E+02 O.OOE+OO 1
1.56E+00 1.17E+01 6.24E+00 O.OOE+OO 1
1.73E+01 1.30E+02 6.92E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
1.08E+01 8.08E+01 4.31E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
1.62E+01 1.21E+02 6.46E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
5.15E+00 3.87E+01 2.06E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
7.68E+00 5.76E+01 3.07E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
7.68E+00 5.76E+01 3.07E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
5.65E+00 4.24E+01 2.26E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
7.06E+00 5.29E+01 2.82E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
7.68E+00 5.76E+01 3.07E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
1.26E-01 9.46E-01 5.05E-01 O.OOE+OO 1
1.11E+02 8.31E+02 4.43E+02 O.OOE+OO 1
1.11E+02 8.31E+02 4.43E+02 O.OOE+OO 1
6.19E+01 4.65E+02 2.48E+02 O.OOE+OO 1
3.51E+00 2.63E+01 1.40E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
4.24E+01 3.18E+02 1.70E+02 O.OOE+OO 0.76
7.68E+00 5.76E+01 3.07E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
2.17E+01 1.63E+02 8.69E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
1.11E+02 8.31E+02 4.43E+02 O.OOE+OO 1
8.79E+00 6.59E+01 3.51E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
8.25E-01 6.19E+00 3.30E+00 O.OOE+OO 1
1.20E+00 8.98E+00 4.79E+00 O.OOE+OO 1
5.65E+00 4.24E+01 2.26E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
7.68E+00 5.76E+01 3.07E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
7.46E+01 5.60E+02 2.98E+02 O.OOE+OO 1
O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO 0
3.32E+04 2.49E+05 1.33E+05 O.OOE+OO 0.00007
1.90E-01 1.43E+00 7.61E-01 O.OOE+OO 1
4.50E+01 3.37E+02 1.80E+02 O.OOE+OO 1
2.43E-02 1.82E-01 9.72E-02 O.OOE+OO 1
4.21E-01 3.16E+00 1.68E+00 O.OOE+OO 1
5.50E-01 4.12E+00 2.20E+00 O.OOE+OO 1
O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO 0
O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO 0
3.91E-02 2.93E-01 1.56E-01 O.OOE+OO 1
1.03E+00 7.72E+OO 4.12E+00 O.OOE+OO 1
1.11E+02 8.31E+02 4.43E+02 O.OOE+OO 1
2.79E+01 2.09E+02 1.12E+02 O.OOE+OO 1
4.63E-02 3.47E-01 1.85E-01 O.OOE+OO 1
2.02E+02 1.52E+03 8.09E+02 O.OOE+OO 1
1.84E+01 1.38E+02 7.37E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
3.51E+00 2.63E+01 1.40E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO 0
1.26E-01 9.46E-01 5.05E-01 O.OOE+OO 1
5.80E-02 4.35E-01 2.32E-01 O.OOE+OO 1
1.20E+01 9.03E+01 4.81E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
2.95E-02 2.21E-01 1.18E-01 O.OOE+OO 1
3.06E-03 2.30E-02 1.23E-02 O.OOE+OO 1
1.00E-Q2 7.50E-02 4.00E-02 O.OOE+OO 1
2.95E-02 2.21E-01 1.18E-01 O.OOE+OO 1
1.65E+00 1.24E+01 6.60E+00 O.OOE+OO 1
3.18E+02 2.38E+03 1.27E+03 O.OOE+OO 0.047
1.50E+01 1.12E+02 6.00E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO 0
O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO O.OOE+OO 1
3.91E-02 2.93E-01 1.56E-01 O.OOE+OO 1
8.51E+00 6.39E+01 3.41E+01 O.OOE+OO 1
2.57E-01 1.93E+00 1.03E+OO O.OOE+OO 1
4.21E-01 3.16E+00 1.68E+00 O.OOE+OO 1
5.50E-01 4.12E+00 2.20E+OO O.OOE+OO 1
-
Table3-6
CHEMICAL SPECIFIC INPUT PARAMETERS NOT IN HHRAP DATABASE
ATKPROMONTORY,UTAH
PAGE20F2
CAS No. Chemical
1120-21-4 Undecane
Chemicals with Modified Physical Parameters
53-70-3 IDibenz[a,h]anthracene
ABBREVIATIONS
H -Henry's Law Constant
Da-Diffusivity in air.
Dw-Diffusivity in water.
Kow -Octanol water partition coefficient.
Koc -Organic carbon partition coefficient.
Kd, -Soil-water partition coefficient.
Molecular
Weight
g/mole
1.56E+02
2.8E+02
Kdow -Suspended sediment-surface water partition coefficient.
Kd•• -Bed sediment-sediment pore water partition coefficient.
ksg -COPC so1lloss constant due to biotic and adiotic degradation.
Fv -Fraction of COPC air concentrations in vapor phase.
I
Melting Vapor Water H Point Preaaure Solubility atm-m3/mole K atm mg/L
2.11E+02 5.15E-04 4.00E-02 1.83E+00
5.4E+02 1.3E-13 I 2.5E-03 1.4E-07
HHRAP-Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol for Hazardous Waste Combustion Facilities, USEPA, September, 2005.
NA -Not available.
NOTES
(a)-Source: USEPA Regional Screening Levels, November 2013
Da Ow Kow Koc
cm2/eec cm2/aec unitleas mg/L
4.70E-02 5.31E-06 8.70E+06 3.19E+05
I 4.6E-03 5.2E-06 I 6.5E+00 1.9E+06
Kd0 Kdow Kdbo Kag Fv
cm'lg Ukg cm'lg (year)"' (unitless)
3.19E+03 2.39E+04 1.27E+04 O.OOE+OO 1
1.9E+04 I 1.4E+05 I 7.6E+04 I 2.7E-01 I 5.5E-02
Table 3-7
Biotransfer Factors Not in the HHRAP Database, ATK Promontory, Utah
103
Cas No. Chemical
526-73-8 1 ,2,3-Trimeth_ylbenzene
95-63-6 1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
105-05-5 1 ,4-Dieth_ylbenzene
106-98-9 1-Butene
90-13-1 1-Chloronaphthalene
134-32-7 1-Naphthylamine
540-84-1 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
75-83-2 2,2-Dimethylbutane
565-75-3 2,3,4,-Trimethylpentane
79-29-8 2,3-Dimethylbutane
565-59-3 2,3-Dimethylpentane
108-08-7 2,4-Dimethylpentane
5779-94-2 2,5-Dimethylbenzaldehyde
87-65-0 2,6-Dichlorophenol
611-14-3 2-Ethyltoluene
591-78-6 2-Hexanone
562-27-6 2-Methylheptane
591-76-4 2-Methylhexane
91-57-6 2-Methylnaphthalene
107-83-5 2-Methylpentane
91-59-8 2-Naphthylamine
620-14-4 3-Ethyltoluene
589-81-1 3-methylheptane
96-14-0 3-Methyl(l_entane
589-34-4 3-Methylhexane
--3-Methylphenol & 4-Methylphenol
534-52-1 4,6-Dinitro-2-methylphenol
92-67-1 4-Aminobiphenyl
622-96-8 4-Ethyltoluene
208-96-8 Acenaphthylene
7429-90-5 Aluminum
191-24-2 Benzo(ghUpe~lene
111-91-1 bis(2-Chloroethoxy)methane
86-74-8 Carbazole
107-14-2 Chloroacetonitrile
10062-01-5 cis-1 ,3-Dichloropropene
590-18-1 cis-2-Butene
7440-48-4 Cobalt
7440-50-8 Copper
4170-30-3 Crotonaldehyde
110-82-7 Cyclohexane
132-64-9 Dibenzofuran
122-39-4 Diphenylamine
60-29-7 Ethyl Ether
Table 3-7
BIOTRANSFER FACTORS FOR CHEMICALS NOT IN HHRAP DATABASE, OR MODIFED BASED ON TABLE 3-6
ATK PROMONTORY, UTAH
PAGE 1 OF3
RCF Br rootveg Brag Br forage Bvall 1 Bv fora11e 1 Ba milk Ba beet
ua/a DW olant unitless unitless unitless ua/a DW olant ua/a DW olant day/kg FW day/kg FW ug/g soil water ug/g air ug/g air
2.0E+01 2.5E+00 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 1.02E-01 1.02E-01 1.1 E-01 4.3E-03
1.9E+01 2.5E+00 3.1 E-01 3.1E-01 6.72E-02 6.72E-02 1.0E-01 4.2E-03
1.0E+02 2.4E+00 8.7E-02 8.7E-02 5.59E-01 5.59E-01 1.8E-01 7.3E-03
7.0E-01 1.3E+00 3.7E+00 3.7E+00 2.19E-05 2.19E-05 1.1 E-02 4.2E-04
3.6E+01 4.2E-01 1.9E-01 1.9E-01 7.02E-02 7.02E-02 1.4E-01 5.5E-03
1.6E+00 1.0E+00 2.0E+00 2.0E+00 3.24E+00 3.24E+00 2.2E-02 8.6E-04
4.2E+01 2.4E+00 1.7E-01 1.7E-01 9.96E-06 9.96E-06 1.4E-01 5.7E-03
2.6E+01 2.4E+00 2.4E-01 2.4E-01 4.30E-04 4.30E-04 1.2E-01 4.8E-03
3.9E+01 2.4E+00 1.8E-01 1.8E-01 6.36E-04 6.36E-04 1.4E-01 5.6E-03
1.3E+01 2.5E+00 4.1 E-01 4.1 E-01 2.05E-04 2.05E-04 8.7E-02 3.5E-03
1.9E+01 2.5E+00 3.1 E-01 3.1 E-01 2.39E-04 2.39E-04 1.0E-01 4.2E-03
1.9E+01 2.5E+00 3.1 E-01 3.1 E-01 2.18E-04 2.18E-04 1.0E-01 4.2E-03
4.3E+00 7.6E-01 9.3E-01 9.3E-01 3.27E+00 3.27E+00 4.6E-02 1.8E-03
5.1E+00 7.3E-01 8.2E-01 B.2E-01 3.41E+00 3.41E+00 5.1E-02 2.0E-03
1.9E+01 2.5E+00 3.1 E-01 3.1 E-01 7.93E-02 7.93E-02 1.0E-01 4.2E-03
3.5E-01 2.8E+00 6.2E+00 6.2E+00 1.77E-02 1.77E-02 5.3E-03 2.1E-04
4.4E+01 4.0E-01 1.6E-01 1.6E-01 1.75E-03 1.75E-03 1.5E-01 5.9E-03
4.4E+01 4.0E-01 1.6E-01 1.6E-01 1.75E-03 1.75E-03 1.5E-01 5.9E-03
2.8E+01 4.6E-01 2.3E-01 2.3E-01 1.38E+00 1.38E+00 1.2E-01 5.0E-03
8.9E+00 2.5E+00 5.4E-01 5.4E-01 8.45E-05 8.45E-05 7.1E-02 2.8E-03
2.1E+01 4.9E-01 2.9E-01 2.9E-01 5.88E+03 5.88E+03 1.1E-01 4.4E-03
1.9E+01 2.5E+00 3.1 E-01 3.1 E-01 4.75E-02 4.75E-02 1.0E-01 4.2E-03
5.2E+01 2.4E+00 1.4E-01 1.4E-01 4.51 E-04 4.51E-04 1.5E-01 6.2E-03
2.2E+01 2.5E+00 2.8E-01 2.8E-01 3.03E-04 3.03E-04 1.1E-01 4.4E-03
4.4E+01 4.0E-01 1.6E-01 1.6E-01 1.75E-03 1.75E-03 1.5E-01 5.9E-03
9.6E-01 1.2E+00 2.9E+00 2.9E+00 7.78E+00 7.78E+00 1.4E-02 5.6E-04
1.3E+00 1.1E+00 2.3E+00 2.3E+00 7.12E+00 7.12E+00 1.8E-02 7.3E-04
4.3E+00 7.6E-01 9.3E-01 9.3E-01 3.10E+02 3.10E+02 4.6E-02 1.8E-03
1.9E+01 2.5E+00 3.1 E-01 3.1 E-01 8.45E-02 8.45E-02 1.0E-01 4.2E-03
3.3E+01 4.4E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 7.69E+00 7.69E+00 1.3E-01 5.3E-03
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO ND ND O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
3.9E+03 1.2E-01 5.7E-03 5.7E-03 4.60E+06 4.60E+06 1.5E-01 6.1E-03
3.0E-01 1.6E+00 6.9E+00 6.9E+00 3.53E-01 3.53E-01 4.6E-03 1.8E-04
2.2E+01 4.9E-01 2.8E-01 2.8E-01 3.32E+04 3.32E+04 1.1 E-01 4.5E-03
7.0E-02 2.9E+00 2.1 E+01 2.1E+01 1.67E-02 1.67E-02 8.5E-04 3.4E-05
1.1E+00 2.7E+00 2.6E+00 2.6E+00 2.84E-03 2.84E-03 1.6E-02 6.5E-04
7.0E-01 1.3E+00 3.7E+00 3.7E+00 2.19E-05 2.19E-05 1.1E-02 4.2E-04
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO ND ND O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO ND ND O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
8.8E-02 2.2E+00 1.7E+01 1.7E+01 2.17E-02 2.17E-02 1.1 E-03 4.5E-05
2.7E+00 2.6E+00 1.3E+00 1.3E+00 1.85E-04 1.85E-04 3.3E-02 1.3E-03
4.4E+01 4.0E-01 1.6E-01 1.6E-01 6.32E+00 6.32E+00 1.5E-01 5.9E-03
1.5E+01 5.4E-01 3.6E-01 3.6E-01 1.12E+02 1.12E+02 9.4E-02 3.8E-03
1.3E-01 2.8E+00 1.3E+01 1.3E+01 3.48E-04 3.48E-04 1.8E-03 7.3E-05
Ba pork Ba 1199 Ba chicken Br grain
day/kg FW day/kg FW day/kg FW unitless
2.0E-02 2.5E-02 8.6E-03 3.0E-01
2.0E-02 2.4E-02 8.4E-03 3.1 E-01
3.5E-02 4.2E-02 1.5E-02 8.7E-02
2.0E-03 2.4E-03 8.4E-04 3.7E+00
2.6E-02 3.1E-02 1.1 E-02 1.9E-01
4.1E-03 5.0E-03 1.7E-03 2.0E+00
2.7E-02 3.3E-02 1.1E-02 1.7E-01
2.3E-02 2.8E-02 9.7E-03 2.4E-01
2.7E-02 3.2E-02 1.1 E-02 1.8E-01
1.7E-02 2.0E-02 7.0E-03 4.1 E-01
2.0E-02 2.4E-02 8.4E-03 3.1 E-01
2.0E-02 2.4E-02 8.4E-03 3.1 E-01
8.7E-03 1.1 E-02 3.7E-03 9.3E-01
9.7E-03 1.2E-02 4.1E-03 8.2E-01
2.0E-02 2.4E-02 8.4E-03 3.1 E-01
1.0E-03 1.2E-03 4.3E-04 6.2E+00
2.8E-02 3.4E-02 1.2E-02 1.6E-01
2.8E-02 3.4E-02 1.2E-02 1.6E-01
2.4E-02 2.9E-02 9.9E-03 2.3E-lJ I
1.4E-02 1.6E-02 5.7E-03 5.4E-01
2.1E-02 2.5E-02 8.8E-03 2.9E-01
2.0E-02 2.4E-02 8.4E-03 3.1 E-01
2.9E-02 3.6E-02 1.2E-02 1.4E-01
2.1E-02 2.6E-02 8.9E-03 2.8E-01
2.8E-02 3.4E-02 1.2E-02 1.6E-01
2.7E-03 3.2E-03 1.1 E-03 2.9E+00
3.5E-03 4.2E-03 1.5E-03 2.3E+00
8.7E-03 1.1 E-02 3.7E-03 9.3E-01
2.0E-02 2.4E-02 8.4E-03 3.1 E-01
2.5E-02 3.0E-02 1.1 E-02 2.0E-01
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
2.9E-02 3.5E-02 1.2E-02 5.7E-03
8.8E-04 1.1 E-03 3.7E-04 6.9E+00
2.1E-02 2.6E-02 9.0E-03 2.8E-01
1.6E-04 1.9E-04 6.8E-05 2.1E+01
3.1E-03 3.7E-03 1.3E-03 2.6E+00
2.0E-03 2.4E-03 8.4E-04 3.7E+00
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
2.1E-04 2.6E-04 8.9E-05 1.7E+01
6.2E-03 7.5E-03 2.6E-03 1.3E+00
2.8E-02 3.4E-02 1.2E-02 1.6E-01
1.8E-02 2.2E-02 7.5E-03 3.6E-01
3.5E-04 4.2E-04 1.5E-04 1.3E+01
Table 3-7
BIOTRANSFER FACTORS FOR CHEMICALS NOT IN HHRAP DATABASE, OR MODIFED BASED ON TABLE 3-6
ATK PROMONTORY, UTAH
PAGE2 OF3
RCF Br rootveg Brag Br forage Bv ag 1 Bv forage 1
Cas No. Chemical ua/a DW olant unitless unitless unitless ug/g DW plant uQ/g DW plant
ug/g soil water ug/g air ug/g air
1888-71-7 Hexachloropropene 7.1E+01 3.5E-01 1.1E-01 1.1E-01 1.03E-01 1.03E-01
110-54-3 Hexane 4.4E+01 2.4E+00 1.6E-01 1.6E-01 7.47E-04 7.47E-04
--m,p-Xylene 8.9E+00 2.5E+00 5.4E-01 5.4E-01 1.97E-02 1.97E-02
7439-96-5 Manganese O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO ND ND
80-62-6 Methyl Methacrylate 3.5E-01 2.8E+00 6.2E+00 6.2E+00 5.17E-03 5.17E-03
1634-04-4 Methyl tert-butyl ether 1.6E-01 2.8E+00 1.1 E+01 1.1E+01 9.89E-04 9.89E-04
108-87-2 Methylcyclohexane 2.9E+01 2.4E+00 2.2E-01 2.2E-01 1.72E-03 1.72E-03
55-18-5 N-Nitrosodiethylamine 7.0E-02 2.4E+00 2.1E+01 2.1E+01 4.96E-02 4.96E-02
62-75-9 N-Nitrosodimethylamine 8.3E-01 2.7E+02 7.8E+01 7.8E+01 8.52E-03 8.52E-03
10595-95-6 N-Nitrosomethylethylamine 8.5E-01 8.5E+01 3.9E+01 3.9E+01 3.88E-02 3.88E-02
59-89-2 N-Nitrosomorpholine 7.0E-02 2.4E+00 2.1E+01 2.1E+01 7.35E+00 7.35E+00
529-20-4 o-Tolualdehyde 1.6E+00 1.0E+00 1.9E+00 1.9E+00 9.53E-01 9.53E-01
60-11-7 I p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 1.0E+02 3.2E-01 8.7E-02 8.7E-02 1.80E+04 1.80E+04
76-01-7 Pentachloroethane 9.3E+00 6.2E-01 5.3E-01 5.3E-01 7.95E-02 7.95E-02
14797-73-0 Perchlorate O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO ND ND
7723-14-0 Phosphorus O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO ND ND
123-38-6 Propanal 8.8E-02 2.2E+00 1.7E+01 1.7E+01 3.33E-03 3.33E-03
103-65-1 Propyl benzene 2.1E+01 2.5E+00 2.9E-01 2.9E-01 4.53E-02 4.53E-02
115-07-1 Propylene 7.0E-01 2.7E+00 3.7E+00 3.7E+00 2.19E-05 2.19E-05
10061-02-6 trans-1 ,3-Dichloropropene 1.1E+00 2.7E+00 2.6E+00 2.6E+00 9.62E-03 9.62E-03
624-64-6 trans-2-Butene 7.0E-01 1.3E+00 3.7E+00 3.7E+00 2.19E-05 2.19E-05
1120-21-4 Undecane 6.7E+03 2.1E+00 3.8E-03 3.8E-03 7.51 E-01 7.51E-01
Chemicals with Modified Biotransfer Factors
53-70-3 Dibenz[ a, h ]anthracene 2.3E+04 4.1E-02 6.8E-03 6.8E-03 3.3E+06 3.3E+06
Notes:
All values calculated according to the U.S. EPA's Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol for Hazardous Waste Combustion Facilities. EPA 530-D-98-001.
RCF -Root concentration factor.
Br root vag -Plant-soil bioconcentration factor for below ground produce.
Br ag -Plant-soil bioconcentration factor in above ground produce.
Br forage -Plant bioconcentration factor in forage.
Bv ag -Air to plant biotransfer factor for above ground produce.
Bv forage -Air to plant biotransfer factor for forage.
Ba milk -Biotransfer factor in milk.
Ba beef-Biotransfer factor in beef.
Ba pori< -Biotransfer factor in pork.
Ba egg -Biotransfer factor in eggs.
Ba chicken -Biotransfer factor in chicken.
DW -Dry weight.
FW -Fresh weight.
HHRAP-Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol for Hazardous Waste Combustion Facilities, USEPA, September, 2005.
NA -Not available.
Bamilk Ba beef
day/kg FW day/kg FW
1.7E-01 6.8E-03
1.5E-01 5.9E-03
7.1E-02 2.8E-03
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
5.3E-03 2.1E-04
2.3E-03 9.4E-05
1.3E-01 5.0E-03
8.5E-04 3.4E-05
7.1E-05 2.9E-06
2.8E-04 1.1 E-05
8.5E-04 3.4E-05
2.2E-02 8.9E-04
1.8E-01 7.3E-03
7.3E-02 2.9E-03
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
1.1 E-03 4.5E-05
1.1 E-01 4.4E-03
1.1 E-02 4.2E-04
1.6E-02 6.5E-04
1.1 E-02 4.2E-04
1.3E-01 5.0E-03
6.5E-03 3.1E-02
Ba pork Baegg Ba chicken Br grain
day/kg FW day/kg FW day/kg FW unitless
3.2E-02 3.9E-02 1.4E-02 1.1E-01
2.8E-02 3.4E-02 1.2E-02 1.6E-01
1.4E-02 1.6E-02 5.7E-03 5.4E-01
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
1.0E-03 1.2E-03 4.3E-04 6.2E+00
4.5E-04 5.4E-04 1.9E-04 1.1E+01
2.4E-02 2.9E-02 1.0E-02 2.2E-01
1.6E-04 1.9E-04 6.8E-05 2.1E+01
1.4E-05 1.6E-05 5.7E-06 7.8E+01
5.2E-05 6.3E-05 2.2E-05 3.9E+01
1.6E-04 1.9E-04 6.8E-05 2.1 E+01
4.2E-03 5.1E-03 1.8E-03 1.9E+00
3.5E-02 4.2E-02 1.5E-02 8.7E-02
1.4E-02 1.7E-02 5.8E-03 5.3E-01
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO
2.1E-04 2.6E-04 8.9E-05 1.7E+01
2.1E-02 2.5E-02 8.8E-03 2.9E-01
2.0E-03 2.4E-03 8.4E-04 2.7E-t-OO
3.1E-03 3.7E-03 1.3E-03 2.t:H=+vv
2.0E-03 2.4E-03 8.4E-04 3.7E+00
2.4E-02 2.9E-02 1.0E-02 3.8E-03
3.7E-02 1.3E-02 2.3E-02 6.8E-03
Cas No. Chemical
Table 3-7
BIOTRANSFER FACTORS FOR CHEMICALS NOT IN HHRAP DATABASE, OR MODIFED BASED ON TABLE 3-6
ATK PROMONTORY, UTAH
PAGE30F3
RCF Br rootveg Brag Br forage Bv 89
1 Bv toraga 1 Bamilk Ba beet
uafa_ DW olant unitless unitless unitless ua/a DW olant ua/a DW olant day/kg FW day/kg FW ug/g soil water ug/g air ug/g air
Ba pork
day/kg FW
1 Bv ag and Bv forage values for organic chemicals (not including PCDDs and PCDFs) have been reduced by a factor of 100 in accordance with HHRAP 2005 guidance, Appendix A, pages A-2-20 and A-2-21.
Ba 899 Ba chickan Br grain
day/kg FW day/kg FW unitless
Table 4-1
Changes in Oral Slope Factor Toxicity Data,
A TK Promonto11, Utah
RSL HHRAP Difference
Chemical of Interest CAS# SFO ref SFO ref Risk %Diff
Butyl Benzyl Phthlate 85-68-7 1.9E-03 p NA ----NA
Carbon Tetrachloride 56-23-5 7.0E-02 I 1.3E-01 E2 Deer. -46%
Chloroaniline, p-106-47-8 2.0E-Ol p NA ----NA
Chloroform 67-66-3 3.1E-02 c NA ----NA
Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 S.OE-01 NJ O.OE+OO NA In cr. High
Dinitrotoluene, 2,6-606-20-2 1.5E+OO p 6.8E-01 E2 I ncr. 121%
Dioxane, 1 ,4-123-91-1 l.OE-01 I 1.IE-02 E2 In cr. 809%
Ethyl benzene 100-41-4 l.lE-02 c NA ----NA
Hexachloroethane 67-72-1 4.0E-02 I 1.4E-02 E2 I ncr. 186%
Methylene Chloride 75-09-2 2.0E-03 I 7.5E-03 E2 Deer. -73%
Nitroaniline, 4-100-01-6 2.0E-02 p NA ----NA
Nitrosodimethylamine, N-62-75-9 5.1E+01 I NA ----NA
Pentachlorophenol 87-86-5 4.0E-01 I 1.2E-01 E2 In cr. 233%
Polychlorinated Biphenyls NA ----NA (high risk) 1336-36-3 2.0E+00 I
Polychlorinated Biphenyls NA ----NA (low risk) 1336-36-3 4.0E-01 I
Polychlorinated Biphenyls NA ----NA (lowest risk) 1336-36-3 7.0E-02 I
TCDD, 2,3,7 ,8-1746-01-6 1.3E+05 c 1.5E+05 E1 Deer. -13%
Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 2.1E-03 I 5.2E-02 EN Deer. -96%
Trichlorobenzene, 1 ,2,4-120-82-1 2.9E-02 p 3.6E-03 CA I ncr. 706%
Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 4.6E-02 I 1.3E-02 CA I ncr. 254%
Vinyl Chloride 75-01-4 7.2E-01 I 1.5E+OO E2 Deer. -52%
Risk = Incr. means calculated risk will be higher
% Diff = percent difference calculated as (RSL value -HHRAP value) I (HHRAP value)
HHRAP Reference
c Calculated (2005)
CA CaiEPA (2005b)
EN EPA-NCEA
El U.S. EPA (1997b)
E2 U.S. EPA (2005a)
E3 U.S. EPA (2005b)
NA Not applicable
NJ U.S. EPA (2014)
RSL Reference Key: I=IRIS; P=PPRTV; A=ATSDR; C=Cal EPA; X=PPRTV Appendix; H=HEAST; J=New
Jersey; O=EPA office of water; E=Environ. Criteria and Assess. Office; S=see user guide section 5
104
Table 4-2
Changes in Inhalation Unit Risk Factor Toxicity Data,
ATK Promontory, Utah
RSL HHRAP Difference
Chemical of Interest CAS# IUR ref IUR ref Risk %Diff
Bis(2-117-81-7 2.4E-06 c NA ----NA ethylhexyl)phthalate
Bromodichloro
methane 75-27-4 3.7E-05 c 1.8E-05 c In cr. 106%
Cadmium (Water) 7440-43-9 1.8E-03 I NA ----NA
Carbon Tetrachloride 56-23-5 6.0E-06 I 1.5E-05 E2 Deer. -60%
Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 8.4E-02 s 1.2E-02 E2 I ncr. 600%
Dibromochloro
methane 124-48-1 2.7E-05 c 2.4E-05 c I ncr. 13%
Dioxane, 1,4-123-91-1 5.0E-06 I 3.1E-06 c I ncr. 61%
Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 2.5E-06 c NA ----NA
Hexachloroethane 67-72-1 l.IE-05 c 4.0E-06 E2 In cr. 175%
Methylene Chloride 75-09-2 l.OE-08 I 4.7E-07 E2 Deer. -98%
Naphthalene 91-20-3 3.4E-05 c NA ----NA
Nickel Soluble Salts 7440-02-0 2.6E-04 c 2.4E-04 E2 I ncr. 8%
Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 4.0E-05 I NA ----NA
Nitrosodimethylamin 62-75-9 1.4E-02 I NA ----NA e, N-
Nitrosodiphenylamin 86-30-6 2.6E-06 c NA ----NA e, N-
Pentachlorophenol 87-86-5 5.1E-06 c 4.6E-06 CA In cr. 11 %
Polychlorinated 1336-36-3 5.7E-04 I NA ----NA Biphenyls (high risk)
Polychlorinated 1336-36-3 l.OE-04 I NA ----NA Biphenyls (low risk)
Polychlorinated
Biphenyls (lowest 1336-36-3 2.0E-05 I NA ----NA
risk)
TCDD, 2,3,7,8-1746-01-6 3.8E+01 c NA ----NA
Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 2.6E-07 I 5.9E-06 CA Deer. -96%
Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 4.1E-06 I 2.0E-06 CA In cr. 105%
Vinyl Chloride 75-01-4 4.4E-06 I 8.8E-06 E2 Deer. -50%
See Table 4.1 for abbreviations
105
Table 4-3
Changes in Oral Reference Dose Toxicity Data,
ATK Promontory, Utah
RSL HHRAP Difference
Chemical CAS# RIDO ref RIDO ref Risk %Diff
Acrylonitrile 107-13-1 4.0E-02 A l.OE-03 E1 Deer. 3900%
Aluminum 7429-90-5 l.OE+OO p NA ----NA
Aniline 62-53-3 7.0E-03 p NA ----NA
Barium 7440-39-3 2.0E-Ol I 7.0E-02 E2 Deer. 186%
Benzyl Alcohol 100-51-6 l.OE-01 p NA ----NA
Benzyl Chloride 100-44-7 2.0E-03 p NA ----NA
Cadmium (Water) 7440-43-9 5.0E-04 I NA ----NA
Carbon Tetrachloride 56-23-5 4.0E-03 I 7.0E-04 E2 Deer. 471 %
Dichlorobenzene, 1 ,4-106-46-7 7.0E-02 A 3.0E-02 EN Deer. 133%
Dichloroethane, 1, 1-75-34-3 2.0E-01 p NA ----NA
Dichloroethane, 1 ,2-107-06-2 6.0E-03 X 3.0E-02 EN I ncr. -80%
Dichloroethylene, 1,2-NA -- --NA cis-156-59-2 2.0E-03 I
Dichloropropane, 1 ,2-78-87-5 9.0E-02 A l.IE-03 c Deer. 7795%
Dinitrotoluene, 2,6-606-20-2 3.0E-04 X NA ----NA
Dioxane, 1,4-123-91-1 3.0E-02 I 8.6E-01 c In cr. -96%
Dioxins (TCDD-2,3,7,8)-1746-01-6 7.0E-10 I l.OE-09 (2005) I ncr. -30%
Hexachlorobutadiene 87-68-3 l.OE-03 p 2.0E-04 E1 Deer. 400%
Hexachloroethane 67-72-1 7.0E-04 I l.OE-03 E2 I ncr. -30%
Methyl Acrylate 96-33-3 3.0E-02 H NA -- --NA
Methylene Chloride 75-09-2 6.0E-03 I 6.0E-02 E2 I ncr. -90%
Nitroaniline, 2-88-74-4 l.OE-02 X NA ----NA
Nitroaniline, 4-100-01-6 4.0E-03 p NA ----NA
Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 2.0E-03 I 5.0E-04 E2 Deer. 300%
Octyl Phthalate, di-N-117-84-0 l.OE-02 p NA ----NA
Pentachlorophenol 87-86-5 5.0E-03 I 3.0E-02 E2 I ncr. -83%
Tetrachloroethane, NA NA 1,1,2,2-79-34-5 2.0E-02 I -- --
Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 6.0E-03 I l .OE-02 E2 In cr. -40%
Tetrahydrofuran 109-99-9 9.0E-01 I 2.0E-01 EN Deer. 350%
Toluene 108-88-3 8.0E-02 I 2.0E-01 E2 I ncr. -60%
Trichloroethane, 1, 1,1-71-55-6 2.0E+00 I 2.0E-02 EN Deer. 9900%
Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 5.0E-04 I 6.0E-03 EN I ncr. -92%
Trichlorophenol, 2,4,6-88-06-2 l.OE-03 p NA -- --NA
Trichloropropane, 1 ,2,3-96-18-4 4.0E-03 I 6.0E-03 E2 I ncr. -33%
Trimethylbenzene, 1 ,3,5-108-67-8 l .OE-02 X NA ----NA
See Table 4.1 for abbreviations
106
Table 4-4
Changes in Inhalation Reference Concentration Toxicity Data,
ATK Promontory, Utah
RSL HHRAP Difference
RfCi ref RfCi ref Risk %Diff
Acetone 67-64-1 3.1E+Ol A 3.5E-Ol c Deer. 8757%
Ammonia 7664-41-7 l.OE-01 I NA ----NA
Arsenic, Inorganic 7440-38-2 1.5E-05 c 3.0E-05 CA I ncr. -50%
Benzyl Chloride 100-44-7 l.OE-03 p NA ----NA
Cadmium (Diet) 7440-43-9 l.OE-05 A 2.0E-04 EN I ncr. -95%
Cadmium (Water) 7440-43-9 l.OE-05 A NA ----NA
Carbon Tetrachloride 56-23-5 l.OE-01 I 4.0E-02 CA Deer. 150%
Chlorine 7782-50-5 1.5E-04 A 2.0E-04 CA In cr. -25%
Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 5.0E-02 p 6.0E-02 EN I ncr. -17%
Chloroform 67-66-3 9.8E-02 A 3.0E-04 EN Deer. 32567%
Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 l.OE-04 I 8.0E-06 E2 Deer. 1150%
Cresol, o-95-48-7 6.0E-Ol c 1.8E-Ol c Deer. 233%
Dichloroethane, 1 ,2-107-06-2 7.0E-03 p .2.4E+00 In cr. -100%
Dichloroethylene, 1 ,2-
trans-156-60-5 6.0E-02 p 7.0E-02 c In cr. -14%
Dioxane, 1,4-123-91-1 3.0E-02 I 3.0E+OO CA In cr. -99%
Ethyl Methacrylate 97-63-2 3.0E-Ol p 3.2E-01 c I ncr. -6%
Hexachloroethane 67-72-1 3.0E-02 I NA ----NA
Isopropanol 67-63-0 7.0E+OO c NA ----NA
Methacrylonitrile 126-98-7 3.0E-02 p 7.0E-04 El Deer. 4186%
Methylene Chloride 75-09-2 6.0E-01 I 3.0E+00 El I ncr. -80%
Nickel Soluble Salts 7440-02-0 9.0E-05 A 2.0E-04 I ncr. -55%
Nitroaniline, 2-88-74-4 5.0E-05 X NA ----NA
Nitroaniline, 4-100-01-6 6.0E-03 p NA ----NA
Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 9.0E-03 I NA ----NA
TCDD, 2,3,7 ,8-1746-01-6 4.0E-08 c NA ----NA
Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 4.0E-02 I 4.0E-Ol EN In cr. -90%
Tetrahydrofuran 109-99-9 2.0E+OO I 3.0E-Ol EN Deer. 567%
Toluene 108-88-3 5.0E+00 I 4.0E-Ol E2 Deer. 1150%
Trichlorobenzene, NA NA 1 ,2,4-120-82-1 2.0E-03 p -- --
Trichloroethane, 1,1, 1-71-55-6 5.0E+OO I NA ----NA
Trichloroethane, 1, 1,2-79-00-5 2.0E-04 X NA ----NA
Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 2.0E-03 I 6.0E-Ol CA I ncr. -100%
See Table 4.1 for abbreviations
107
Table 4-5
Human Health Data for Chemicals not in the HHRAP Database,
ATK Promontory, Utah
Cancer Slope Unit Risk Reference Reference
Factor Factor Dose Concentration
CAS No. Chemical (mglkglda )"1 (pglm3rt (mglkglday) (mglm3) Surro2ate
106-98-9 1-Butene NA NA NA 3.0E+00 c Propylene
90-13-1 1-Chloronaphthalene NA NA 8.0E-02 I NA --
134-32-7 1-Naphthylamine l.8E+OO c 5.14E-4 c NA NA 2-Naphthylamine
2-
53-96-3 Acetylaminofluorene 3.8E+OO c 1.3E-03 c NA NA - -
1,2,3-
526-73-8 Trimethylbenzene NA NA NA S.OE-03 p --
1,2,4-
95-63-6 Trimethylbenzene NA NA NA 7.0E-03 p - -
I ,3-Dichloropropene-
10062-01-5 CIS l.OE-01 I 4.0E-06 I 3.0E-02 I 2.0E-02 I 1 ,3-Dichloropropene
1,3-Dichloropropene-
10061-02-6 trans 1.0E-01 I 4.0E-06 I 3.0E-02 I 2.0E-02 I 1,3-Dichloropropene
105-05-5 1 ,4-Diethylbenzene l.lE-02 c 2.5E-06 c l.OE-01 I l.OE+OO I Ethyl benzene
590-18-1 2-Butene-cis NA NA NA 3.0E+OO c Propylene
624-64-6 2-Butene-trans NA NA NA 3.0E+OO c Propylene
611-14-3 2-Ethyltoluene l.lE-02 c 2.5E-06 c l.OE-01 I l.OE+OO I Ethylbenzene
591-78-6 2-Hexanone NA NA 5.0E-03 I 3.0E-02 I --
562-27-6 2-Methylheptane NA NA 4.0E-02 2.0E-01 MADEP
591-76-4 2-Methylhexane NA NA 6.0E-02 H 7.0E-01 I Hexane
91-57-6 2-Me thy ]naphthalene NA NA 4.0E-03 I NA --
107-83-5 2-Methylpentane NA NA 4.0E-02 2.0E-01 MADEP
91-59-8 2-N aphthylamine l.8E+00 c 5.14E-4 c NA NA - -
75-83-2 2,2-Dimethylbutane NA NA 4.0E-02 2.0E-01 MADEP
79-29-8 2,3-Dimethylbutane NA NA 4.0E-02 2.0E-01 MADEP
565-59-3 2,3-Dimethylpentane NA NA 4.0E-02 2.0E-01 MADEP
2,3,4,-
565-75-3 Trimethylpentane NA NA 4.0E-02 2.0E-01 MADEP
108-08-7 2,4-Dimethylpentane NA NA 4.0E-02 2.0E-01 MADEP
2,5-Dimethylbenz
5779-94-2 aldehyde NA NA l.OE-01 I NA Benzaldehyde
108
Table 4-5
Human Health Data for Chemicals not in the HHRAP Database,
ATK Promontory, Utah
Cancer Slope Unit Risk Reference Reference
Factor Factor Dose Concentration
CAS No. Chemical (mglkg/da )"1 (pg/m3rt (mglkg/day) (mg/m3) Surrogate
87-65-0 2,6-Dichlorophenol NA NA 3.0E-03 I NA 2,4-Dichlorophenol
4,6-Dinitro-2-
534-52-1 methylphenol NA NA 8.0E-05 p NA --
2,2,4-
540-84-1 Trimethylpentane NA NA 4.0E-02 2.0E-01 MADEP
620-14-4 3-Ethyltoluene l.lE-02 c 2.5E-06 c 1.0E-OI I l.OE+OO I Ethylbenzene
589-81-1 3-Methylheptane NA NA 4.0E-02 2.0E-01 MADEP
589-34-4 3-Methylhexane NA NA 4.0E-02 2.0E-Ol MADEP
Cresol,m-(3-
108-39-4 Methyl phenol) NA NA l.OE-01 A 6.0E-01 c 4-Methylphenol
Cresol,p-(4-
106-44-5 methyl phenol) NA NA l.OE-01 A 6.0E-Ol c
92-67-1 4-Aminobiphenyl 2.1E+01 c 6.0E-03 c NA NA - -
622-96-8 4-EthyJtoluene l.lE-02 c 2.5E-06 c l.OE-01 I l.OE+OO I Ethyl benzene
208-96-8 Acenaphthylene NA NA 6.0E-02 I NA Acenaphthene
7429-90-5 Aluminum NA NA l.OE+OO p 5.0E-03 p - -
191-24-2 Benzo(g,h,Qr_erylene NA NA 3.0E-02 I NA Pyrene
bis(2-Chloroethoxy)
111-91-1 methane NA NA 3.0E-03 p NA --
86-74-8 Carbazole 2.0E-02 H NA NA NA --
107-14-2 Chloroacetonitrile NA NA NA 6.0E-02 I Acetonitrile
7440-48-4 Cobalt NA 9.0E-03 p 3.0E-04 p 6.0E-06 p - -
7440-50-8 Copper NA NA 4.0E-02 H NA --
4170-30-3 Crotonaldehyde 1.9E+OO H NA NA NA trans-Crotonaldehyde
110-82-7 Cyclohexane NA NA NA 6.0E+00 I --
132-64-9 Dibenzofuran NA NA l.OE-03 p NA --
122-39-4 Diphenylamine NA NA 2.5E-02 I NA - -
60-29-7 Ethyl Ether NA NA 2.0E-01 I NA - -
1888-71-7 Hexachloropropene 4.0E-02 I l.lE..(B c 7.0E-04 I 3.0E-02 I Hexachloroethane
110-54-3 Hexane NA NA 6.0E-02 H 7.0E-01 I --
7439-96-5 Manganese NA NA 1.4E-Ol I 5.0E-05 I --
109
Table 4-5
Human Health Data for Chemicals not in the HHRAP Database,
ATK Promontory, Utah
Cancer Slope Unit Risk Reference Reference
Factor Factor Dose Concentration
CAS No. Chemical (mWkwdav)"1 (ugtm3rl (mglkg/day) (mwm3) Surrogate
80-62-6 Methyl Methacrylate NA NA 1.4E+00 I 7.0E-01 I --
Methyl tert-butyl
1634-04-4 ether 1.8E-03 c 2.6E-07 c NA 3.0E+OO I --
108-87-2 Methylcyclohexane NA NA NA 6.0E+OO I Cyclohexane
N-Nitrosodiethyl
55-18-5 amine 1.5E+02 I 4.3E-02 I NA NA - -
N-Nitrosodimethyl
62-75-9 amine 5.1E+01 I 1.4E-02 I 8.0E-06 p 4.0E-05 p --
N-Nitrosomethyl
10595-95-6 ethylamine 2.2E+01 I 6.3E-03 c NA NA --
59-89-2 N-Nitrosomorpholine 6.7E+OO c 1.9E-03 c NA NA --
p-Dimethylamino azo
60-11-7 benzene 4.6E+OO c 1.3E-03 c NA NA --
76-01-7 Pentachloroethane 9.0E-02 p NA NA NA - -
14797-73-0 Perchlorate NA NA 7.0E-04 I NA --
7723-14-0 Phosphorus NA NA 2.0E-05 I NA - -
103-65-1 Propylbenzene NA NA l.OE-01 I 4.0E-01 I - -
123-38-6 Prop anal NA NA NA 8.0E-03 I Proprionaldehyde
115-07-1 Propylene NA NA NA 3.0E+00 c --
529-20-4 Tolualdehyde-o NA NA l.OE-01 I NA Benzaldehyde
1120-21-4 Undecane NA NA l.OE-01 2.0E-01 MADEP
--Xylene-m,p NA NA 2.0E-01 I l.OE-01 I Xylene, Mixture
95-47-6 Xylene-o NA NA 2.0E-01 I l.OE-01 I In database-2003
108-38-3 Xylene-m NA NA 2.0E-01 I l.OE-01 I In database-2003
95-47-3 Xylene-p NA NA 2.0E-01 I l.OE-01 I In database-2003
Notes:
Shaded cells indicate updated values from EPA Regional Screening Levels RSLs (Nov. 2013).
NA -No toxicity criteria available.
MADEP-Characterizing Risks Posed by Petroleum Contaminated Sites: Implementation of tl).e MADEP VPHIEPH Approach. Policy
#WSC-02-411 Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, October 2002.
HHRAP-Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol for Hazardous Waste Combustion Facilities, USEPA,
September, 2005.
110
Table 4-5
Human Health Data for Chemicals not in the HHRAP Database,
ATK Promontory, Utah
Cancer Slope Unit Risk Reference Reference
Factor Factor Dose Concentration
CAS No. Chemical (mg/kg/day)"1 (ugtm3r• (mg/kg/day) (mg/m3) Surr~ate
I -Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS).
H -USEPA Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables
(HEAST).
C =California Environmental Protection Agency.
P =Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Value (PPRTV).
111
Table 4-6
Acute Inhalation Exposure Criteria, ATK Promontory, Utah
Acute Inhalation
CAS No. Chemical Exposure Criteria
(mglm3)
Source
106-98-9 1-Butene 1,500 DOE PAC
90-13-1 1-Ch1oronaphthalene 20 DOE PAC
592-41-6 1-Hexene 250 DOE PAC
134-32-7 1-Naphthylamine 1.5 DOE PAC
109-67-1 1-Pentene 2,500 DOE PAC
526-73-8 1 ,2,3-Trimethylbenzene 688 DOE PAC
95-63-6 1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 688 DOE PAC
106-99-0 1 ,3-Butadiene 1,480 DOE PAC
141-93-5 1 ,3-Diethy I benzene 125 DOE PAC
105-05-5 1 ,4-Diethylbenzene 500 Ethyl benzene
53-96-3 2-Acety1aminofluorene 7.5 DOE PAC
611-14-3 2-Ethyltoluene 500 DOE PAC
591-78-6 2-Hexanone 40 DOE PAC
91-57-6 2-Me thy I naphthalene 3 DOE PAC
107-83-5 2-Methylpentane 1,500 DOE PAC
91-59-8 2-Naphthylamine 5 DOE PAC
79-46-9 2-Nitropropane 75 DOE PAC
67-63-0 2-Propanol 3.2 CalEPAREL
75-83-2 2,2-Dimethylbutane 1,500 DOE PAC
540-84-1 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 1,250 DOE PAC
5779-94-2 2,5-Dimethylbenzaldehyde 15 Benzaldehyde
87-65-0 2,6-Dichlorophenol 35 DOE PAC
107-05-1 3-Chloropropene 8.76 DOE PAC
620-14-4 3-Ethyltoluene 500 Ethyl benzene
56-49-5 3-Methylcholanthrene 1.25 DOE PAC
96-14-0 3-Methylpentane 1,500 DOE PAC
3-Methylphenol & 4-
--Methylphenol 20 4-Methylphenol
119-93-7 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine 0.3 DOE PAC
112
Table 4-6
Acute Inhalation Exposure Criteria, ATK Promontory, Utah
Acute Inhalation
CAS No. Chemical Exposure Criteria Source
(mglm3)
10061-01-5 1,3-Dichloropropene-cis 0.6 DOE PAC
10061-02-6 1 ,3-Dichloropropene-trans 75 DOE PAC
590-18-1 2-Butene-cis 150,000 DOE PAC
624-64-6 2-Butene-trans 1,500 DOE PAC
92-67-1 4-Aminobiphenyl 10 DOE PAC
622-96-8 4-Ethyltoluene 500 DOE PAC
534-52-1 4,6-Dinitro-2-methylphenol 0.2 PAC
208-96-8 Acenaphthylene 0.2 DOE PAC
74-86-2 Acetylene 350 DOE PAC
7429-90-5 Aluminum 3 DOE PAC
7664-41-7 Ammonia 3.2 Cal EPAREL
7440-38-2 Arsenic 0.0002 ' CalEPAREL
92-87-5 Benzidine 0.5 DOE PAC
191-24-2 Benzo(ghi)perylene 30 DOE PAC
111-91-1 bis(2-Chloroethox y )methane 15 DOE PAC
106-97-8 Butane 13,100 DOE PAC
630-08-0 Carbon monoxide 23 CalEPAREL
124-38-9 Carbon dioxide 50,000 DOE PAC
86-74-8 Carbazole 2.5 DOE PAC
107-14-2 Chloroacetonitrile 12.5 DOE PAC
7440-48-4 Cobalt 0.3 DOE PAC
7440-50-8 Copper 0.1 CalEPAREL
4170-30-3 Crotonaldehyde 0.544 DOE PAC
110-82-7 Cyclohexane 1,000 DOE PAC
287-92-3 Cyclopentane 5,000 DOE PAC
124-18-5 Decane 1 DOE PAC
132-64-9 Dibenzofuran 30 DOE PAC
122-39-4 Diphenylamine 100 DOE PAC
109-69-3 Butylchloride-n 75 DOE PAC
74-84-0 Ethane 3,500 DOE PAC
113
Table 4-6
Acute Inhalation Exposure Criteria, ATK Promontory, Utah
Acute Inhalation
CAS No. Chemical Exposure Criteria Source
{mg/m3)
64-17-5 Ethanol 3,380 DOE PAC
74-85-1 Ethene 600 DOE PAC
60-29-7 Ethyl Ether 1,500 DOE PAC
5()..()()..0 Formaldehyde 0.055 CalEPAREL
142-82-5 Heptane 1,500 DOE PAC
1888-71-7 Hexachloropropene 4 DOE PAC
66-25-1 Hexanal 150 DOE PAC
110-54-3 Hexane 1,500 DOE PAC
74-90-8 Hydrogen cyanide 2.1 Cal EPAREL
75-28-5 Isobutane 6,000 DOE PAC
78-78-4 Isopentane 1,500 DOE PAC
7439-95-4 Magnesium 4 DOE PAC
7439-96-5 Manganese 3 DOE PAC
7439-97-6 Mercury 0.0006 CalEPAREL
96-33-3 Methyl Acrylate 6 DOE PAC
80-62-6 Methyl Methacrylate 69.6 DOE PAC
1634-04-4 Methyl tert-butyl ether 180 DOE PAC
108-87-2 Methylcyclohexane 5,000 DOE PAC
96-37-7 Methylcyclopentane 40 DOE PAC
62-75-9 N-Nitrosodimethylamine 10 DOE PAC
59-89-2 N-Nitrosomorpholine 1.25 DOE PAC
111-84-2 Nonane 1,000 DOE PAC
111-65-9 Octane 1,250 DOE PAC
60-11-7 Dimethylaminoazobenzene-p 12.5 DOE PAC
76-01-7 Pentachloroethane 126 DOE PAC
109-66-0 Pentane 350 DOE PAC
7723-14-0 Phosphorus 0.4 DOE PAC
123-38-6 Prop anal 107 DOE PAC
74-98-6 Propane 9,910 DOE PAC
103-65-1 Propylbenzene 75 DOE PAC
114
Table 4-6
Acute Inhalation Exposure Criteria, ATK Promontory, Utah
Acute Inhalation
CAS No. Chemical Exposure Criteria Source
(mglm3)
115-07-1 Propylene 2,500 DOE PAC
7446-09-5 Sulphur dioxide 0.66 Cal EPA REL
529-20-4 Tolualdehy_de-o 15 Benzaldehyde
1120-21-4 Undecane 6 DOE PAC
- -Xylene-m,p 600 m-xylene
Notes:
a indicates revised value
Cal EPA REL -California Environmental Protection Agency Acute Reference Exposure Level, December 18, 2008.
Located online at: http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/allrels.html
DOE PAC-U.S. Department of Energy, Protective Action Criteria (PAC) with AEGLs, ERPGs, & TEELs
Rev 26 for Chemicals of Concern, September 2010, Located online
at:http://www.hss.energy.gov/healthsafety/wshp/chem safety/teel.html
115
•
•
APPENDIX A
CALCULATION OF EMISSIONS RATES
CB&I (formerly Shaw Environmental) developed the air quality model that was used to calculate ambient
air chemical concentrations and chemical deposition rates (CB&I, 2014) for the ATK facility that was
based on a unit emissions rate of 1 (one) gram per second (gjs). In order to calculate the emissions for
each source, the emissions factors for each chemical potentially released from the facility was calculated
using the emissions rate, in pounds of chemical per pound of wasted burned (lb/lb ), and the amount of
material processed at each station, converted to gjs for the model. Therefore, chemical-specific emissions
rates had to be calculated for each source being modeled in this risk assessment. The modeling report
provides the quantities of waste burned per event, as well as the annual maximum permitted quantity of
waste for each of the bum stations at M-136 and M-225. The scenarios modeled by CB&I are
summarized in Section 2.1 of the human health risk assessment protocol, and emissions rates were
calculated for the following:
• One-hour average acute air exposure,
• Twenty-four hour average air acute exposure
• Annual deposition for chronic exposure
Acute One-Hour Average Air Concentrations
The emissions rate for one-hour acute ambient air exposure was calculated beginning with the amount of
waste burned per event for each source, in units of pounds per hour. For this scenario, a pound per hour is
equivalent to a pound per event because a typical bum event lasts approximately one hour. The emissions
during the event are given by the following:
Emissions (Lbs I hour) = lbs processed x Emissions Factor(Lbs llb) [chemical specific]
For example, at Source Ml36 Al 1: where 96,000 lbs are processed (CB&I, 2014), and assuming
acenaphthene is generated based on its Emissions Factor of 5.48x10-7 lbs/lb, the emissions would be:
Emissions = 96,000 x 5.48 x 10-7 = 5.26 x 1o-z(Lbs I hr)
That rate was adjusted from units of pounds per hour to grams per second according to the following
equation:
1 Source M 136-A 1 is comprised of burn stations 1 through 12. Six of the 12 stations located closest to the western
property line (Stations 1,4,7, 8, 10, and 11) were modeled as six separate sources. For the presented example, each
burn station in the source will have a one-hour emission rate of 1.1 E-03 g/s.
A-1
. . (Bj ) [5.26 x 10-2 lbs per hour* 453.6 grams per lb] One -hour emzsszons rate s = 3 0 d h ,6 00 secon s per our
= 6.63 x 10-3 (9 Is)
The resulting emissions rate is used in conjunction with the air dispersion model results to calculate
potential ambient air concentrations at the identified receptors. Table 2-1 of the HHRAP provides the
chemical-specific emissions factor for the project, and the amount processed at each station are provided
in CB&I, 2014 and the HHRAP.
Acute Twenty four-Hour Average Air Concentrations
The average twenty-four hour air concentration for one-day acute exposure will be obtained by dividing
the one-hour ambient air concentrations calculated above, by 24 hours per day. These concentrations will
be processed outside of the Lakes model using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets.
Chronic Exposure
The Lakes model is designed to process continuous emissions from emissions stacks and so is a 365 day
per year model. The model developers inform us that, at this point in time, it cannot be modified to
process batch data, and so unable to process batch processes, like those at ATK. Therefore, the emissions
rates will be modified to give an annual emission by assuming the annual amount of material processed at
one station is averaged over a year.
The emissions rate for annual deposition for chronic exposure was calculated beginning with the annual
maximum permitted quantity for each source. For this scenario, the pounds per year given by the
following:
E · · (lbs/ ) mzsszons year
= lbs processed per year x Emissions Factor (Zbs /zb)[chemical specific]
For example, at Station M 136 A 12: where 6, 720,000 lbs/yr ( 6. 72 million pounds per year, CB&I, 2014)
are processed. This would be equivalent to a daily operation of 18,410 pounds per day, and assuming
acenaphthene is generated based on its Emissions Factor of 5.48x 10-7 lbs/lb, the emissions would be:
2 Source M 136-A I is comprised of burn stations I through 12. Six of the 12 stations located closest to the western
property line (Stations!, 4, 7, 8, 10, and II) were modeled as six separate sources. For the presented example, each
burn station in the source will have an annual average emission rate of 8.83E-06 g/s.
A-2
•
•
•
Emissions (lbs/ ) = 6'720'000 x 5 48 x 10-7 = 1 00 x 10-2 (lbs/ ) day 365 · · day
That rate was adjusted from units of pounds per day to grams per second according to the following
equation:
. . (9j ) _ [1.00 X 10-2 lbs per day* 453.6 grams per lb] Annual emtsswns rate s -86 400 d d , secon s per ay
= 5.3 x 10-5(9 Is)
The resulting emissions rate is used in conjunction with the air dispersion model results, to calculate
potential ambient air concentrations at the identified receptors. Table 2-1 of the HHRAP provides the
chemical-specific emissions factor for the project, and the amount processed at each station are provided
in CB&I, 2014 and the HHRAP.
The resulting emissions rates for the chemicals in Table 2-1 are provided in the attached spreadsheets .
Citations
CB&I, 2014 Air Dispersion Modeling Report for Open Burn and Open Detonation at ATK Launch
Systems in Promontory, Utah, CB&I Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc., Monroeville, PA, March
A-3
Con !if gnms:>er..,cor.demneda sumn~: h u J65da b m"i'
08 96-B
>H
·~ 5-<IS 8
98 !G-2
0 ;
~
429 90
' . • uo _ ..
~ ..
440-39-
~ .,
~· ., .
~~
' w~•
" . '
0 ' 8 933
06-95 9
·~. 6 4-64 6 . ~
~~' ...
'" ..
·~ 0 •
~.
·~ "'' ·~ . ' *' • ' ; .
li4S0-29-9
'" . '" ol-40-4~
uo~
0~
93-8! 8
' '" ' ,...,
"' ..
'" ...
ts&-ro.
0-83 2
B 65-<l
" ' 0062-<1
~·. ~ .. ,.,
05 6 9
' ~ ' 5719~
" !1-29-8
'"' 0~
~ ..
";
~OH •
~"' ~0
" ~
~· ~,.
' " • .. ~
~· ~· .. ' ·-~. 0 • ... •
' n uo
·~ " "' 82 46-9
67562 39-4
556 3 89-
9 2 s-6
653 85-
19408 4 3
0648-26-9
93 39-
"' ;M> .. ~.
;M<
''"' ~ ..
634-04-<1
" 0 "-~ , .. ,
·~ ~· "" 51>9-14-4 ' ,.
0 •
~ ..
95 48
'~
'" ' '"' u,.,. ...
"" OOH
98 g).-.. ;
00.
" 62 ).-9 ... " .. !6 31) 6
595-9';.-6
59-89 2 " .. ..
~ ..
'" 8 68 8
8 8&-5
•
~ .
SS-D 8 .,., ..
3 38 6
'" '" """ ...
7782 49 -. 00< ...
s 20 319 ' ...
~" ' . .. ~
""' "'" 9S 53 •• "' ....
'" . '·~ 8!06-
526-3 8
95 636
08-6 8
565 75
" ~· ' ••• 95 7 6 ...... ... '
3900 .(lJ.O .,.,. ,...
08-J9-4 .,. ..
'·~
!<f. ·~" h
1\ceno~h hvlene
Aum m
Am n b ~er>yl 4
' A hrace""
' m 0
·~.
Beru<>(Jh ~ryle e
Ben <>( )Ouo "" he
Be "" d
Be l'/ ~lo; hoi
b<!<( Olio ""'h "V moth...,..
~ o.( Cillo ""'hV )I' he
1><!<(2 E h .yl)phth l<>t
Brom hOft>m"'h
!rom rm
8rom methaAC
Brom p !'I phenyl he 4-
'
C.dm m
~-c...no... (l;s Ide
C.~ Tetra h oride
Cll 3 me phe ol 4-
CII rnau: n lo:
Chcoa ne4-
CII roi>en"'ne
~~
<>•~
eN romclh nc
Choro a h.a .,.
Cll ro • h.a""" 2
Chi<>roph ol
Chrom m {VI "'-· O>
~· Oo~
ro de d ,_
yd h .... ...,
Obeoh)oha<M
0 i>enzofu a
0 brom <n rome ~~ e
o brorn<>cth ED6 l
0 h robenzene, l
'" '" '"
0 " '" '" '" '" 0 h ropi1enol 2 e-
O h o opropa"" 1
'
0 ro-2 mnh)'lp • o 4 6 0-' ropMr>e 4
He><~ ho obe ne
He h orob<J d...,.
H.:.: h cyd p d"""
Hoohroohe
H h roprope
"' "'" H~COO 1 46 S.
H!>{D ,2 4 6 8-
H!>{D 234 89-
HK(:OO 2 4 8
HK((l(l 2 3,6 8
HK(OO 2 89
HK(OF 13 4 .3-
HK(:O 23 6 .8-
HK(:OF 2 89
HK(O ll46 ,S.
"" 2300p)'f~
so~homn w•
M 0 ~
~Nit butv mne
H Nitr sod n--propybm""'
NN!tr dph vl m
N Nltfa< methylettrvl m
N-.Nrtro om roho
PC00238
pg:or ) 8
eCOF .4 5
e chloroben e e
Pen achloroethal'll!
P i<>roo ben:c
Pe achloroph
Pi! thlo a •
Pho<pho,.,.. .. ~
Pro yli>e e
P op)'l n ....
""' ~· m ·~
U deQ •
V".nvl Cll oride
Xeeo-
ocoo
'"'
"" m ~v""'· p-
Methylph 3
Methylp 4
·~0
5 48E-o7
3 O!E-o6
9]0[-{)5
40[-{)5
~·~ .. ~
~·~
' 0 0
000
~0
8 OOE-o6
,~.
~"
5 SOHl
3 90£ 0
380 0
20[ 04
5 86[ 0
69E-il!! ' ~ ., ' "~ • ~· S 48E-O
' " ·~ -0
30C oc
oco
548[ 0
•~oc
oc~ ,..,. ,,.,.
~0
4 1()[-CI',
"'~ ,_oc
~.,.
6. 9£ fJ1
ooo;
SSE-o7
2 50£ 0&
4~0E-o7
6 OE-06
40E OS
50E-o7
5 48[ fJ1
92E-06
>OO ~ "w
• 0
" 0 250£ OS
" oc 4 20 0
""' OlE 0
'~ 0
8 80 0
8 9'0£ 0
s 59 0
6 24£ 0
58 E-0
l 20[ 0
·~ 0
" 0
" 0 " ' 9 26 -0
·~ 0 0~
" o; 6 OE-0
000 ~
6 OE-0
6 90£-06
·~ ~ 5 48 fJ1
·~ ".,. ".,.
"~ 5 20[-06
"'~ 9 53[-06
S OE fJ1 . ~
5 48E-07
S6U-07 ,..,.
6 40[ fJ1
48[-07 ,..,.
SOE 01>
~,.,.
4 50[ fJ1
M<<O
5lOE-06
1UE Ob
6 S3E-07
"'~ 00
~ 66( 06
' •m ,..,.
59 E-o7
89[ fJ1
9 IIOE-06
2 OOE Ob
"' "' ' ~.,
"' ·~· . "' ~· 0
'" 0
"' 0 ~· 0 98E-07
s 4aE.(I
'0 ~
9 40[-05
40[-08
~·o;
~,.,.
30E-OS
8 ZOE fJ1
10[-05
2 40[ 04
40E-05
3 50E-06
"'~ 10[.()5 "o;
"'~ ,..,.
l9E 0!>
9 6[-05
"~ "'~ 5 ME-OS
5 43(-(17
""' 2 9[-06
6 24 -07 .,.
36 E 06
S 48E-o7
5 58[-07
548[..()7
S 48E-07
9 5E 08
·~o
·~ 0 '"" ·~ ~ 0
548[ 0
698E 0
S 8 E 0
'" 4 90E 0
' 'o; 2 98E 06
O<M
S 20E OS
0~ ~
·~ 0 2 2SE-06 . " ro ~
20E 06 "o;
2]0£
000
~«
4 OE-0 ,..,.
·~ 9 OOE-07
w•~
"'~ 6.46[ fJ1
·~
" 0 940[ 0
14 [ 06
"~ M'"
BOE OS
'"" 8 20£ 06
5 48E 0
~· ro•~
"''" ""'" ' " ·~ 0 "0
"0
"'" 29[ 0
maxim m to lv a
moommbda ' "~ ' C. aJlated Emt> "" R;ot
ndlvchom Wday >KOf>dipot d
OEO 86400
S 67E 02 86 400
·~ 4 lE..O
1 DE-0
4 9 E 0
2-l! E-<1
OSE-<1
36£+0.1
2 OlE -<I ..
2 391'..01
B EO
"" ~· «< 0
"~ ~· ... ' ,.
8-'!S ..(1 ..
·~ " "" ''" , ..
M'"
239[ 02
&0
0 E Ol
' 0 "" ' &0 142[ 0
2 6E 0
8.6 E-04
1 HE-<1
1 BllE-0
2 6[-0
'" 0 E-02
2 a E-03
461JE02
8 OE-D3
'" 2 SE-0
"" ,..
«
3 68[-Q ,..
~ ,.,
4 6(][-{l •*• ..
4 bOE-CZ
BBE Ol ...
'" GAE-02
0 E-02
'"' 0 Hl2
5 89( Ol
9~(-{l}
'"' .. , ,.,
•• 0 [-Q2
68 E-<13
239[-0 ,.
«> .. ,.
0 E-Ql .. ...
2 5[-0 ' .. 2 SE-0 ' .. ... ' ,. ,..
4 (.>1[..0 ...
MO<
6 B E-02 ,.
"" 2 OlE-O
4 60E-O
2 g e-o2
8 8[-0
s 84[.(1
9 6E-ol
4 !!AE-0
20[.(12
8 6 E-0
·~ 8 SSE.02 ...
0<0
09[ 02 ...
BOE-0
3 6 E-02
S 4E-o
34E OS
' ·~ 6 44E-o8
M<<
&0
4 9[-{)6 .. ~
·~ "~ ,.
"~ ..
·~ l6E-03
"' l 9 E-02
2 39[ 0
'" l 2 E-0
~
4 42E-o
~44[02 ,.
4 o e-o ...
"" ,.
606[-\)
-~ 2 0 E-0 ...
=~ ,.
4 0 E-0
"" ..
' ·~ 6.6 E 0
10 E-Ol
&0
10 E Ol
10 ED
M<O
6 E 02
"" '" "~ ...
''" "' 07£0
5.(14.[-!J
om o
5.&4£..0
•*• '~ 9.57£-0 . '" 90E-<l
4 1~E-o2
"" 2 95[.{1
' " 2 39E-o
4BE 08
'" 0 E 02
3E 03
4 &OE-Ql ...
66E-0
5 6[-{1
29[-0 ...
"" ~0 ..
2 6 (.(12
·~ """ ~,.
3.SOE 0
"" "'" ..
~'" 2-39E-O "' ~ M EO
' ~«
.03[ 0 ...
.. HE-<11
'"'
S6400
86400
86400
86400 .. oo
86 00
.. oo
..oo .. ~
86 400
86 400
..~
.. 00
.. oo
86400
86 00
.. oo
.. oo .. ~
.. oo .. _ .. _
• 00 .. _ .. -.. _ ......
'""' ,_ ,_ .. -.. _
... 00 .. -.. ~ .. ~ .. ~
86400
"'00 ... oo
86400 .. ~ ... oo .. -.. ~
"~" .. _ .. ~
"•oo .. ~
86 400
86400
86 400
86400
86400
86 400
86400
86 400
86400
86400
86 400
~· 400
"'00
80400
...oo
... oo .. ~,
"•oo .. ~ .. ~ .. ~ .. ~ .. ~
86 400 .. -"'" .. ~o ,._
86400 .. -.. ~,
8(j 400 .. ~
86400 .. ~
... oo
86400 .. ~
86400 .. ~ .. ~
... oo .. ~
86400
... oo .. ~
R6400
... 00
86400
86400 .. ~
86400 ,_
... oo
86400 ,_
86400 ,_
"'00
86400 ,_
H6400
... 00 .. ~
86400 .. _
86400
86400 .. ~
B6400 ,_
MoOO
B6 400
"'00
B6400
... oo
... 00 .. ~
"'00 ... oo
... oo
... oo
"''" ... 00
MoOO
"'" u•oo
R6400
... oo
86400
86400
B6400
B6400 .. ~
86400 .. ~
6G -00 .. ~ ,_ .. ~ ...... ,_ ,_ .. _ ,_ .. _ ,_
"" .. _
.. oo
!6 DO .. _
86 00
86400
~6 400
~6 41)(1
80400
.. 00
"" .. ~ .. ~ .. -.. -86~00 .. _
.. oo
86~00
86400
86400
86 400
1!6400 .. ~
.. ~o
... 00
AAOOO
86400
... oo
26400
"'" .. ~ .. _ .. _ ,_
'""' ,_ .. ~ ,_ ......
"""' ,_ ,_ .. _ .. -.. -
~ of
·~o
""~ ·~ ~ 2 32£-Ql
84E-G3
2 59E-04
lSSE-03
55 E 05
3 87[.00
~'" "~ . _,
HOED3
s 3 E-{)5 ' _,
j 6 [-{13 ...
5 6!5[-{)5
43E-(l6
·~ 4 40[ 05
·~ 6 03£-03
so~
5 OE-05
5 ~ E 05
·~
5 30[ OS
"~
' 0 b.99E-OS
·~ """ . ~
3 09[-04
406E OS . ~
9 86 -"6
S lOE-{)5
8 E-05
·~.., s 40£-05
60 E-0
5 6 E-{)5
3 9[-05
S E-OS
4 ~E 05
6E-05
6 %E-{)5
8 9 E-05
5 30[-{)5
3 BE-Q5 .. ~
S 'l<JE-05
""" 6A8E-OS
6 6 E-04 ,_,
'' ~ 2 6 E-03 ' ~ "'~ 1 35[ 03
S..O E 04
06E-G3
' ·~ 55 E-05
2 HE 03
S 3 £OS
5A4E-05
3 SSE 04
6 9£-{)5
5.30 -QS
""" "~ , ~
4..! £-OS
"M
' ·~ ' ~ 6 3 E 05
4-54£ 0
"" .50[ 04
.84 -OS
.06[ 03 ' ,_,
63E OS
9A [ 04
'~ 2.80E-Q9 ... ,~
•••
.3SE 10
860£ 0
S.90E 0
"" -S E OB
6£08
~'" .8 E OS
5.30£ OS
2 3E 03
" .06£ 03
6 S6E 04
l BE 04
s 85[ 03
S 03E-03
4.4 E 04
4 4E-Q3
' ·~ ~·~
I 55E-04
1 6£04
26£-04
~0
9 (19£-(l
37E 0~
"M
4 06E-O
2 ~2E Ol
~"
93E-04
5 30E 0
'" lSE 0 ...
54 [-03
58E-09
' '~
M l6 A
·~ J 06a
C.!cu ed Em ,..."" R
ndchmbda
611E 03
9.45E Ol
• 0
..36[ 02
58 .02
S 2 E.OJ
4 9 E.Ol ...
1 2)[+02
3 3!E-02
2 4 [.(12
~~
8 g,j£.(12
69 -(13
' . ..
'" ~ 8 E-03 " ~ " 4 E-<13
3 s [-(13
'" 1-lSE
68[ 03
UE.03
3 59[-03
2 39[ 03
3 99E-03
l 68[ 04 -o•
20£-02 . " .22£-01
,~0
O~M -«
" 3 0 E.02
60[ 02
08E 03
l 38[.0]
"~ """ ... .. ~
430£-Ql ....
"'~ S 8Q -QJ
6 4E-(l2
2 22E.(I3 .. ~
3 68[-04 ... " . ,.. ...
l JE-04
6BE-Ol ' .. ...
2E-Ql ' .. ,
8E-03
9 82E 04 ....
0
3 68E-04 .. ,
2 84E-tl3
68£-Q
"~ 3 99EO
B E-Q3 ...
2 06E-03
2 2E-02
68f-03 ".,
B BE-Q
4 30E-03
"~
30E-tl2
~ ..
l 38[-{1
'" 5E-OJ
~ ..
~" "" 4E Ol
"" ...
3 38E Ol
" 0
" 0 -311£-{13
'" ' 0 B07 03
~" ~ 0
s 46[ 0
'" ' "' 3.38E 02
.8 [ 03
' 0 "' • 0
a 90C C8
'~«
~ 0
=oo , ..
~·· -0
'" =o
S.&lE 0
.2 E 03
168E 03
~0
-0
.27E 04
8 E 02
4.9 E 0
-0
.S2£ OJ
~" 3~0
.J6CO OJ
ono
' " 6 75E Ol
'" 3.38E 02
~0
"" l.8 E 0
.liiE Ol
.l8E 02
&0
~" 6 7 E 03
6 2E 0
.9 E C3
'"' 0
68E.OJ
n "' 68E-Q3
68[ 03
99[-04
9E-Q3
~ 0
~E-Q8
2 4SE-0
4 9 E 0
~ 0 .,
8E-{13
.. <
50£-0
9 13E-Ql
9 4E-O
33BE-Q
60[-0 A"
LSOE-0
6~EO
49[-03
4.9 [-OJ
3 &SE 0
3 99E-03
~"' "' .68~-Q~
9E 03
76 [.(13
2 Sf 03
6E-Q3
8 S9E-02 ,.,
98 -OJ ' . ~
2 4{ 03
2 &Rf-01
4 3&£ 03
4 0 E-03
9£-<ll
6 E-OZ
s BJ[-(1
2 5 [.{)
1>8[-03
3 1>8£-{1
" 3 99E-O
"" ...
""' J ~E-Q
3 38E-Q
3 94 -04
39 f 04
>CCC d P" day .. ~ .. ~ . -"""' .. ~ ...... ,._ ......
"""" .. ~ ,._ .. ~ ,._ .. ~
... oo .. ~
... oo
... 00 .. _
... oo
"~ "'" .. ~ .. ~ ..... .. ~
86400
86~00 .. ~
86400 .. _ ,_ .. ~ .. -.. _ .. -.. _ .. _ .. -"""' .. -""" .. ~ .. -.. _
"""' .. _
"00 .....
.. oo ,._ ,_
U400 ,._
...oo
.. ~o
"'"' U400 .. _
86400 ,._
"'" ... oo .....
... oo
.. oo ,._
uoo .. _ ,_ ,_ ..... ,_ .. _ .. _ ,._ .. ... .. _ ..... .._ .. _ .. -.. _ ,_ .. _ .. _ .. -.. _ .. ~ .. ... ...... .. ~ .. -""" .. ~ .. _ .... .. -""" .. ~ ,_ ...... ,_
""" .. .., .. _ ...... .. _ .. .., .... .....
""" .. ~ .. ~
"""' '""' .. _ ,_ ,_ .. ,..,
""' .. _ ...... .. -,._ .. ~
.. oo .. .., . -.. _ ,_
""' """' .. -.. .., .....
• 00 .. -.. -"" ... 00
86400
86400
86400
"'00
86400
86 00
86400
" 00 ~6 00 .. -86400
... oo
86400
86400
... oo
.... o
... oo
... oo
86400 .. -86400
MOOO .. _
... oo
... oo
.. ooo
... oo ,_ .....
""" """ .. -......
""" .. -.. _ .. ..,
"""' • 00
.. oo ..... .. oo .. oo
86400
... 00
86400
... 00 .. ~
"'" .. ~ .. ~
"" .....
M~O
... oo
... oo
... 00 .. ~
... oo
M-..... ...... .... .. _ ....
~·~ 9 8E 06
~" ·~ Z9E 04
209E~
4.6 [ 04
MilE~
6 8E 06
6 2£ 04
.. "' g UE-06
I UE-05
"~ M _,
0 "' .. oc .. "'
'~ _.,
~·~ 9.83[-05 ,,._.,
8.A3E 06
8.83E 06
309( ~5
3 22E 04
""' ~ ..
BE-06
4 OlE 04
~ 6E-OS . " 4113 05
~ ..
&S3E 06
'"' .. 0
90 E 06
"'' 936[ 06
"" •~oc
69! 06
1930 06
' " "" B.U 06
"~ _,
9 alE 06
~0
"""' ·~ 8 83E 06
B 83 06
"~ "'" M 0
""~ 8.38£ OS
~~
~~
' • 00 "'~ 88 E 06
" 00 s !16£ 05
OlE OS
8 8 E 06
~_.,
0 "' "'" ~00
3£ 05
"'~ "'" 93E 09
""" 6A E 06
8.33(06
6 60£04
s [.(l) .. ~
9 50( 05
·~ ~·~ O<M
m~
<M
S-lOE OS
~· ' mM
m~
9 3 E 04
BME 06
3.5 E-QS
, 0
0 E-{IS
•
S.8;,! -05
OM"'
·~ « BAlE CIS
B&3EO!> soo;
~'"' .. o;
N< o
"~ >000
UlE-06
~
~m-a . ·~ 89[ 06 ' ,_.,
BOE OS
.. ~
2 29E-05
·~ 6 77[-06
4 OlE 04
~ t:ISE-04
32E-<14
H 83[-06
93E-04
<M
oo•~
9 02[-(14
~· 0 a 4£ oo
·~ m•
"'~ "'~
"' • m o
"'"' 9A E-03
"'" ~·· ·~ 0 8.. E 03
4 ~ E-02
SE 03
2 [1{12
3 3aE o
2.45[-Ql
3 99[-04
8 90[-Ql
69[-0J
10[-0J .. ...
BOE-03
ll6 -04
3 5~ 03
40t.(ll ' ,.
' 0 "" " .. .. "' 3 59[ 03
39E 03
"" l 6BE 0
"" " ' 6 7SE-02
S 2 E-<13 ...
460E-04
M<~
" 3.0 E 02
~0
~0
=" ~M
67!-{13
1 35 Ol ....
~ ..
"" ....
s 89£-0l . ., ,..,
m~
"
~
68[-03
0&0
2 lE-03 ..
9 [-(13 ... " ~ .... ' ~ 36a[41
l 2 -(13
>M ~ ....
H
399£-{13
B1E:-QJ ' ~ oo-ru
l 2 -(12
"'" .. ~
8 28 Ol ,..,
0 .,
"" ~· 3 38 02
2 9 [-(12 ., 0"
"'" , ..
·~ %(.(13 ....
3 38E-O ...
4 9 E-03
"" .. ~
"" 80 E-0
200EO
"" 5 46[+()
AlE-02
2 9t-03
38EO . ..,
l.4 E-o
3 0 E-0 ...
8 90[-Cil
2 1 E-06
S 8 E-0
"~ ·~ .. ~
9S£-O
4 9 E-0 ....
S B E-0
2 [-{13
"" 26[-{1
2 88(-Q ' ~ 8 E-02
4 9 E-0
'" < l 52E-03
3 68E-02
"" 36[-{ll oo•
"~
• 0 ,..
3 38[ 0
'" 0 E-Ol
' 0 M 0
3 3&.02
' 0 ~0
6 2£ OJ
6 2E 0
9 E Dl
0
" "'"' 1 E-03
UE 03
"" 2 99[-(14
9E-03
68 03
·~~ "" .. 0 ...
> H ... .. ~
5 E-03
9 l -03
' . " 3lBE-Q
~"
A&O
""' 6 'JOE 0
2 49[-(13
49 E 03
'" ~ ·-o -~ "~ l.68E 03
291"-03
' < 2 ijE-Ol
2 6 -03
B 59E-02
" 9BE-Ol
8 2BE 04 ' .,
8BE-<l3
4 36 03
40 [.{)}
9E-03 . " 5 s -<12
2 5 -02
.. o
3U -Ql ,.
'" . « ...
"~
3 l8E-Q
3 u..o
3 94 -(1
3 94£ 04
""36Al 0
uo~
·~ C.loJ a ed Eml:u on R.a •
d ecod day
... oo
~000
... oo
... oo
~~
OMOO
~·oo
~•oo
... 00
... oo
~•oo
~•oo
... oo
... oo
... oo
~•oo
"" ~00
~ooo
.. oo
.. oo ... .,
""" ,_ ,_
.. = ,._ .. _
.. = .. ~ .. =
86400
"""" "= .. oo
""00
MOO .. ooo
.. ooo
.. 00
.. ooo
... oo
... 00
.. ooo
"'00 ... oo
... 00
... 00
... oo .....
... oo .. ~
... oo
.. oo
"" ... oo
.. oo
..oo ... oo
86400
.. oo
86400 .. oo .. ~
86400
... 00
... 00
.. oo
"'"" .. ooo
... oo
... 00
... 00
""" ... oo
... oo
... oo
... oo
'"00 ... oo
"'00 ... oo
... oo
... oo .....
... 00
"'00 ... oo
~·00
AA•oo .....
"'00 ... oo
... oo
... 00
... oo
... 00
... oo
"'00 ,_
... oo ,._
... 00
... 00 .. _
... oo
... 00
&;000
... 00 ,_
"'" ... oo
... oo
... oo
~•oo ... oo
.. ooo
""" AAoOO
"'00 ... oo
.. ooo
... 00
... oo
"'00
~·00 ... oo
AAOOO
"'"' ... oo
"'00 ... oo
... oo
"'" ... oo
"'00 ... oo
.. ooo .. oo
AAOOO
.. 000
... oo
MOOO
... oo
.. 00
.. ooo
.. 00
'""" "" ... oo
.. oo
86400
MOOO
"" """" """ """ ,_
""" .. _
""" ""' .. oo
.. oo
""" ... oo
'""" ... oo
"'00 ... oo
'"00
~•oo
... oo
MOOO
'"" ... oo
"'00 ... oo
... oo
B6400
... oo
... 00 ,_
""00
""" .....
86400 ..... ,_ ..... .. oo .. _ ,_
.. 00
0000
.. oo
.. oo
.. 00
...00
.. 00
.. 00
.. 00
.. 00
""" .. oo
.. 00
~ . .. .,.
4% -OS ... " ~ ' ~ 4 3 E-<15
SBE-{14
9 BE-Ofi
~ 44[ 0
<M
29E-04
09[ 06
4 6 E-04
8 &6E-OE
6 2BE Oli
6 2[-{14
9 E-G3
9 4 E-06
24[-06
85E.{l5
<«
"'" OlE-03
""' 8 83E 06
'"'"' 1ME 05
~"' -·· 193 06
""~ .. ~
J S4[.()4
2 4E-OS
"~ 2.42£-(19 •m
""' 58£-{14
""" 09£-(15
T1E-OS
2 SOE-06
4 OlE-OS 0'"" 9 !U-05
2 26[-04
8 BJE-06
8 BU-06
3 09[-05
' ·~
s 6E-O
6 77[-06
4 0 E 05
64E-06
8 83E 06
4 E-{15
4JE-Q5
9 0 06
0 E-QS
9 6E 06
s 6[-06
8 OE-Q6
6 9 E 06
93E-06
fE 05
'" 8 BlE-06
8 B3E 06
·~ 2 26E-<l5
5 64E-OS . ~
8 lHE-05
·~ 54E-04
9 u.oo ' .. .,.
B Rl[-06
9 0 E-06
S%~S
OU-QS
8 83 -06 m.,.
OlE-05
SBEOS
ZSE-06
.. ,
l E-05 ,.,. " .,.
! E-QS
58E-04
"~
2 sa -o9
93[09
3 06 -(19
6 ~ E-06
8 BJE-06
6 &Ot-04
·~ 5 64E-05 '. ~ 3 4[-{14
""" "'"" """ s lOE-Q5
48[ 03
n~
"'"" 9 34£-().0.
B 83£-{16
3 53 -(15
3 3E-Q5 .. .,.
Hre
58 [..(15
8 83E 06
8 99[-06
8 83E.Q6 .. ~
"~ ~~
~" -0
~" '"~ OM ...
'" 936[-(16
o M
89E-06
'" 4 BOE-os
77[-{1]
8 BE 04
2 09E-05
'
' 4 0 E-05 ,.,
""' 4 S E-G4
M
M <>
35£ 06 . "' 5 [-(15
l9E OS
'"' 6 E 06 " ~ ] 06(-1)4
; M ... "'
93[-1)4
·~ •m~
9.0 E 04
"" 0 8.54£~9
"'~ ~~
2 0 E-06
2 0 [-06
C.!cula
d ch m b.;d ....
9ASf-QJ ...
"" 83£0
8 22[-Q
"' "~
"~
3 ~SE-Q
2 ~5[-(12
99[-0to
8.90[-(12
~9[-0
20£-03 ...
368E-O
-B0£.(1
2 l~E-04
3 5U-<J
40[-03
"' "" 235[
6BE 0
-BBE-0
359£ 03
.39[ 0
} 99[ 03
j 68[ 04
&BE-03
"" 6 5[.{1
'" ...
4.60£-04
M<~
~ SE-03
J.O E 0
·~· 2.D8E~3
' "' 4761'-04
.6 E 03
" .87E-O
4.JOE 0
68£-QJ
.68[~]
·~· 6 4(-0 ..
~ 6 E>a
3 6BE-04
"ro
9.82E-Q3
29E 03
''" 3 3[ D4
68E 0
"'"" 2 3E 03 , ..
19 E ro
"" 9.82£-04
66E 0
·~ 3 68£-04
'" M<.O.
68£-0
''" 99£-0
'" 4SEO
l 06[.{)3
" ~,.
68E 0
B SE-0
430E~3
" 4 30£-Q
woo
l 38[-Q
HO
'" -· m
'" ,.
96£03
~" B8E-O
6 E 03
49 £0
.l!E 03
"" "0 •=o ~· "" S 46E>O ...
2A9E 03
l Sf:-{12
"' 2.42[ 03
l.O £.(1
'" ·~" ' " 5.83£ 0
"'"' 73E 08
.87E 05 -· 4.9 E-o
'"'" S.83E 0
.22£-Q -· "" , .... "M .81E-Ol
49 E 0
399£0
2.S2E Ol .. ,.
3&0
"' m o
5.22E 02
0
1.29£ 02
3.JSE 0 •• .0 E-02
A<O
3-la£-<12
BSE-Ol
&0 -· 6 2E-O
6 f-<13
.91£-03
' "'' .. ,.
'" &8[-0]
68[ 0
g9E 04
9£ 03
6BE 03
06£-08
4SE-O
4.9 E-0
6BE-O
"~ ...
8 4 E-Q
"'~ 9 3£0
9 4E-Q3
l8E-0
W&O
A E-02
~ ..
690£-0
_49[03 ...
mo ,_,
-" .23E-O ....
.29£-03
6 E-03
8E03
6[.{1]
8 59E 02 ...
9BE-Ol
8 &E 04 ,.,
2 88E-03
4 ]6 .{)]
~ 02£-<ll
'"' • <
5 83E-02
·~ .. ..,
3 68E-Q ...
399E-02
"' "~ 6][-06 ..
3 38£-(12
39 Ell'
3.9 E 04
d Em ot1 Rate
s<c:dl'f!d
~~
... oo
"'" ~·oo
86400
..~
~­..~ .. ~ .. ~ .. -... oo
"'00
86400
"'00
8~~00
S6~00
86400
8~400
B640D
8640D ,._
.. oo .. -,._ .. -.. ~ ,_ ..... .. -'""" . ..,
""" ,_ ,_ ...... .. _ .. _ .. _ .. _ ,_
"'""' .. _ ,._ ..... .. .,.,
uoo .. ~ ,_
uoo
'""" ... oo
... oo ... oo
86400
"''00
86400
... oo
"''00
"" ... oo
"""' ... oo
"'00
"'" ... oo
"'"' ... oo
... oo
86400
"'" U400
"'"' ... oo
... oo
&00
... oo
.. oo
"""' ... oo
&00
... oo
uoo .. ""' "'" .. ""' .. -,_ .. -... 00 .. ""' ,_ .. _ ..-.. _ .. _ .. _ .. _ ..... .. -.....
"""' """' "'"" .. -.. _
" ""' .. _ ..... .. _ ...... .. ~
"""" """' .. _
"""' """' .. -.. ~
"'""' ,_ ..... .. -,_
"' ""' .. _ .. _ .. -.. .., ,_ .. _ ...... ..... .. _ ,_ ..... ......
"'""' .. ""' ...... .. ""' .. -...... ..... ...... .....
M""' ,_ .. ""' .. ,.., . -.. _ ,_
86 00 ,_
.. oo
86400
... 00
... oo .. ~
"'" 86400 .. -86400
... oo .. _
... oo .. -,_
"""" """" """ ..... .. _ ...... ..... .. _
"""' .. = ..... ..... .. ""' .. -.. 00
86400
... oo
S6 400
...oo
"'00 .. ~ .. ~ .. '" , .. 00 .. ~
&000 ... oo
86400 ... oo
... oo ... ., .. ~ .. ~
~ ... ...... ...... .. _
~· ~
U3E-o6
.%£-05
.SOE-G3 .. ~
~·~ (-l £-QS
.SBE 04
9 8£-06
6.44£-0
n<«
"'~ ~'" .. ~
836£06
6.28E 06
' ·~ 93E 03
944(-06 ...... .. ~
3lE-'l6 .. ~
~"
9.53 -05
"~
Ul£-01;
8.S3E-o6
~·· .UE-114
6 77E 06
.03[ OS
~·00
8.8 06
42E-o5 ,.,
9.0 £-<16 ...
9.361'-<16 ....
8 OE 06
6.93E-06
.9 E-06
~" *'' 88 E-06
""' -·· 9 8 E OE
.29£-05
·~_.,
sa E-06
90 £ ~ -·· 03[ 05
!.83[-{)6
<M
4 03E 05
58£ -<IS
25[ Ofj ,.,
.3 E OS '_.,
9 5 E 06
2 E 05
5BE-04
l 22E 05
50~ ' ~ l 06[-09
64 E-06
BS 06
660[-(14
~_.,
32[ 05
g E-04
l 8 E 03 ,._.,
8 83 -{16
8 !i~ -06
8 83£-06 .. ""' ,..,.
46[-{)5
8 s [-Qt.
M< 0 .. ~
2 S!E-00 .. ~
" .~ ..
"~
.89£-06
S E-OS
.80£ OS
644[ 0
88 ( 06
' n« 4 03E-(l5
'"
<oc ...
·~ ...
' '""' ' '"' "~ '"""" "M
8.83£-01;
93E 04
'~ '"~ 9 OlE 04
5%E 0
8 S4E 09
·~ ·~ 2 07E 06
2 07E-06
d.v~•m b
&BE-03
.. 0
2 SSE 0
'" S a3E 0
a HE o3
4 S E 0
Sf 03
2}(+{1
H8EO
2 45£ 0
~·~ "''" 69E 03
20E 03
' '" l 68[ 0 _,
~~
3-S3E 03
~"
3 53E 0
HO
BBE
"'" _,
3 59E 03
""' 3 99E Ol
'"~ '"" 00<
6 5E-tll ,.,
36£-tll
460(0.:.
.,,~
2 5£03
3 0 [-(1
4 60E-O
208 03 .. "
"~
' 0 35E 0
"0
30E 0
M<O
"" 5.89[
li 4E Q
2 22[ 03
] 6 [+{I
368[ 04 . ' H EO
29[ 03
6 E 03
3 3E 04
9 S2E 04
66E 0
]2[ 03
368[04
" MOO
68£ 0
'" 3.99[ 03 . " 45[-0
2 06 03
H
68[-Ql
.. 0
B.lRHl
30E 0
OH
30£-Q
60E-O
38£-Q
o«
"' 40[-Q
6SE-Q3
""' ·~ %<0> .. ,..,
3 3SE-Ol
""' 4 9 (-(13
38E-Q3
"~ 63(-02
8 0 £-(13
"'"" M'O
"~ 43E-Ol
49EOJ
38£-02 ....
" " 3 0 E-02 . '" 8.90(-{18
24(-06
S 83E U7
"~
·~ .. ~
98(-07
4 9 E-(17
3 68E-Q7
S 83E-07
"~ 68(-0
26£-Q
288EO
"~
"" '" 3 99£-QJ
25 Em
6SE-Q
36EO
"~ "'~ Sl EOl
6 SE-Ql
2 29[-(12
3 38E-Q2
..~
"'~ ...
3 38E-Q2
3 38E-Q •o
M<~
67 E 0 . " 19 E 03
' '" .. 0
"' "'0
"" -~ '''" 6BE 03
oc<M
'" 49 E 0
68E 03
2 4E 03
BE 03
a4 E 0
50[ 03
9 JE 03
9 4E 0
J8E 0
~~
4 [-(12
"~ .. 0~
2 ~9E-03
"~
3 68£-0.3
3 S9E 03
~·~ 23E fJ1 ...
29£-0.3
""" ~· ~~
~" ><O
~"
8 18E 04
.2 E Ol
88E Dl
4 361' 03
~ 02£ 03
" 0 ' ., s 83[ 02
S E 02
!>BE Ol
l 6BE 02
" 99[ 01
" " 63E 06
• 0
338[-Q " ~ 39~ -04
M 36 A 4
""" '~
Cii<'JoedEm,... llil
day "'ad~e<da .. -"""' .. _
"""' ,_
.. = .. ~ .. ~ .. _
.. 00
... oo
"'00 ,_ ,._ ,_
""" .... .. ~ .. ~ .. ~ .. ~ .. ~ .....
.. oo .. _
86400 .. _
.. oo
"" ,_ .. ~ .. ~ .. = .. ~ .. ~
..~
" ""' """ .... .. ~ .... ..... .. ~ .....
"""' 86400 .....
.. oo ,_ .. _
... oo
86400 .. _
.. ooo
"'" .. ,00 .. _
"""' .. ~
"'" ""00 .. _
"""' """' .. oo ......
"""' "'""' ......
"""' .. ,..,
"'00
86400 ,_
86400
... oo
86400
"'00
86400
.. 00
86400
ti6400
86400
86400
86400
86400
U400
""" ,_
86400 .. _ .. _ ,_ ,_
86400 ,_
"" 86400 .. -.. 00
"""' .. -,_
"""' .. oo ,_ ,_ ,_ ,_ .. -.. _ .....
86400 ..... ,_
"""' ,_
.. oo ,_
" ""' ,_ ,_
.. oo ,_
"""' ,_
"""' " ""' ,_ ,_
86400 .. _
""" .. _ ..... ,_
"""' ,_ .. _ ,_ ..... ,_ ,_ .... .. _ .... .. -.. ~
.. 00
""" .. oo ,._
.. 00
86400
"""' "" .....
... oo .....
"""' ... oo
"'"" .. _
... oo
"""' "'"' 86400
""" .. ~
"""" """' ,_ ...... ,_ ......
'"'" .. -.... .. -...... .. -,_ .. -.. _
86400
... oo
... oo
""" ~•oo .. ~
.. ooo
... 00
"""' ... 00
"'00 ,._
... oo ,_
.. ooo
""" .. ~ .. ~
"""' ......
"""' ,_
~ of
! 8 [-{I!;
4 96E OS
5DE-Ql
l 8 [.(l4
l 06£-04
4 3 E-<IS
58[ -(14
9 BE-06 . ,.
n<«
.29{-(14
"""' m~
8116£ 06
6.28£-06
0 M
9 E 03
OM~
' " 85E-05
33£-06 .. ~
"'~ 25[+00
B 83(-{16
' .. ""' .. 0
"""' 2 09 -05
9JE-{l6
B B3HI6
6 28[-05
3 54[ (14
4E-OS
24E-04
"""' ...
3E-05 . " 2 42E 04
09E-05
'" Z 50E-oo
4 0 E 05
1 O!;E-{)6
g 83 -05
2 6[.{)4
1&3£-<'!6
8 83E 06
3 OOE-<JS
3.21£-04
~" ~· ""' " ~ 5 6[-05
6 77E 06
403E-05
~•«
8 83£-06 .,.,.
A~
90 E-06
"~ 9 36[ 06
' "~ ·~~ " ~ '~ ~·· .49£~5
8.33£ ~
·~«
2.D9£-Q5
9.8 E 06
.29£-05
~·· M
8.83[-06
I! 83E 06
~-lSf~
l.26E OS
s 64£-05
2.26E 04
8.38£ OS
m«
'~~ 9 se o.; ,..,_.,
8 83E-06
9.0 f-06
S 96£-<JS
0 E OS
8 83E..Q6
mM
4 03 -<15
2 58[-05
"~ O>
as E-05
4 2 E 05
1)5[-{)S
·~ 2 f! E 0
5 E-05
"'' m«
9 E 0~ ,.,
55£-04
3 E OS
6 60[ (14
'" 9E 06
9 OE 05
2 sae-os
2 09[ (14
'" <M
38 E 03
l a e-04
6'1E 05 ' ,_.,
lS E 04
'"~ n<M
<M
S30 05
48E 03
177£0-4
·~ 9 4 04
a 83E 06
J E OS
153[ 0
0 E 05
59E OS
S 52E OS
88 06
B.S9E-Q6
8.83E.Q6
B B3E-06
' « 46 -(15
M3E-06
OBE 0
29E-Cl9
SSE 09
BU£-06 .. ,
9 36£06
• 0
~"' 5 [-{15
"'" ~"' 8-l!lE 04
.4 E OS
.89£-<14
6.1_[-05
.J E 05
BE 05
.9 E-05
4 0 E-04
3 06[-04
"~ 8 83E.O.S
5 S E-09
no~
m~
l 0 E 06
2 07£-06
~ l6 ...
0~
·~· C. rula ed Em< '>'On R•
ndlvcn m bo./day
~,.
94S -(1
2 B5E-Q
36[-Q
5 83[.(12
B E-03
4 9 [.(12
SE-03
·~ 3 RE-O
"" 399£-0
8 90[-0
69E 0
~· " J68E 0
80[ 03
2 6[ 04
353£.03
"'0
35 [.{)
91E-O
"' "'"' ....
·~· 2.39£-0l ·-· '.,._.,
68!:-0l
~· ...
s 2 [-Q
2 36[-Q
4 60£-04
«<~
2 SE.(l
""' 4 WE 0
1 OBE 0
' • <
4 6£-04 .. ~
lSE-Q3 . "' "' ""' ""' UE-03
6 4[-(1 ,.
362[+{1
3 68E.o4
"~ 9 8.1£-{1
"" "" '~
~ ..
·~o ..
m.o.
"" .. ..,
H [04
~·· ,..,
3 6BE-04 ,.
2 84[.{)3
68[ 0
4[.(13
~,. ...
2 45E.(l3
M<< ..
168[-03
68E-{I
S BE-0
4 OE-Q ,..
4lOE-O w••
3 BE-0
2 92E-Q2 ...
40E Ol
68[ 0
'"' ...
"'~ L68[.(13
"0
"" 4 9 (-(13
'" ...
1 63E 0
80 E-0
oo••
44E D
·-~ 43E 0
49E 0
3 BE-D
'"' 2 4 E-0
30 [ 0
6 4E 0
S'l<JE-<J8
4[ D6
5 83£-0
07E-06
2 lE 08
8 E-{18
9BE 0
49 E 0
3 1>8[-Q
5 83E 0
" GBE-0
L 6E 0 .. ,.
2 2 E 04
"0
9 E-QJ
3 99E D
2 2E-O
3 68E-Q2
736£ I)
7 6E 0
00<
5 2E-Q
6 5£0
2 9E 0
'"' 2 8[.(1
'" ' "' 3 lB 02
' ' " "" 168£ 03 . '" ' "' ''" '"' ·~ 68£0
'"' .... M"'
·~~ 2 79[ 0
"'" 2.06£-08
"0
• 9)[.(1
68E Ol
1 4E-<B
7SE03
8 4 f-0
SOE-Ql
' "' 9 4E Ol
3 6E 0
woo
lAH-02
SOE-0
6 00[-0
49E-Q3
49 E 0
3 6BE-Q3
~ ..
06[.()9
"" 68[-Q
""" "~ """ 2 6E-QJ
859EO
"" M&O
B !E-04
2 24E-Ol
'" 0 -· .OlE-03
.29£ 03
·~· 83£02
"" 68£-0]
3 68E 02
33[.02
3 99E 02 « ..
6 E 06
l 3BE-0
l 38[-{1
J 9 E-04
3 ~E-04
..,cond II<! da
""" .. oo
"00 ..... .. -"""' ,_ ,._
"""' .. _
""" .. -""" ,_ .. _
""" """ """ a6400 ......
"'00 .. ~
"'"" .. ooo
MOOO
MOOO
'"00
"000
""' ... oo
... oo
... 00
"'00
MOOO
... 00
"000
"'00
"'00 ... oo
"'00
""" .. ooo
"'00
"00 ... oo
""" "'00 ... oo
... 00
... oo
.. oo
... oo .. oo
.. 00
MOO
&000
86400
86~00
.. 00
8640D
"'00
86400
"'00
86400
86400 ... oo
86 400
... oo
"'00
"'" "'00 ... oo
... oo
... oo
MoOO
&000
"'00
%000
"'00
"'00 ... oo
... oo
... oo
... oo
... oo
MoOO
... 00 ... .,
MOOO
... 00 ... .,
... 00
... oo
.. 000
... oo
"'00 ... oo
"'00 ... oo
"'" ... oo
AAoOO
"'00 ... .,
~·00 ... oo
... oo
... oo
... 00
"'00
MOOO
... oo .....
"'00 ... oo
"'00 ... oo
~•oo ... oo
&000
"'00 ... oo .....
""" ... oo
... 00
... oo .....
... 00
"'00
"'00
"'00 ... oo
... 00
"'" .....
... oo
&00 ... oo
"'00 .....
... oo
... oo
... oo
.. 000
"'00 ... oo
"'00
MOO
"'00 ... oo
"'00 ... oo
uooo
... 00
'"00
.. 00
.. oo .... .. ""' 86400
""" """" """ ,._
"""' """ """ .. oo
8640D
.. 00
86400 .....
8640D
8640D
8640D ... oo
"'00 ...oo
...oo
... oo
... oo
... oo
"'00 ... oo
... oo
... oo ... oo
... oo
"'00 ... oo
... oo .....
86400 ...... .. _
"""" ,_
""" ..... .. _ .. -....
86400
.. oo
8640D
OE 03
H E04
l 06[-04
4 3 E-QS
2 58[ 04
9 BE-06
6 44[-Q
·~ "~
09[-06
"~
g 86£-06 . ~.,. . '~
93E-OJ
9 44E 06
"'' .SSE-QS
-l3E 06
.85£ OS
"'" ~ .. .,.,.
9Jl.!IE Ob
-~ .26E-05
~·~ 93[-0o;
8.83£-06
6.28[ 05
~,.,.
2 4[-05 .. ....
42[-{16
'~
""' ......
2 42[-04
09E-Q5
"~ ~·~ "'~ M <0
4 OJE-<14
5 6E-05
6 E-<16
4 Ol -QS
64!-06
B 81 .O.S
s 6Hl6
8 OE-06
6 93£-06
93[ 06
"" 49E-05
8 81£-06
S~E-06
"'"" .. ~
l9E-05
08E OS ,..,.
8 RlE-"6
8 33[.()6
4lSE-04
"~ 5 64[-05
2 26[-04
8 38E-05
·~ ~·~ 9 8[-06
3 ME-04
8 83E.O.S
907[-06
%'"' OlE-05
UlE-06
·~ '"'""' 2.58E OS
""" "~
B.S4E 05
""" 05Hl5
5 <M
AO<
.5 E OS
"~ ·~ 95 E-06
""" .SSE-04
l.2 E-05
"w
2.58£-09
nE-OO
oc•~
64 E-06
8 BJE-06
6 6(1[-04
5 E-03 "o;
0~~
"" ~· .... '"' nE-04
3.8 [-(13
""" M<~
"~ ~·~ "''~ ,..,.
.5~[-05 .. ~ ...... ,_ .. .. ~
8.83£ 06
"'~ _,
8.33E 06 = 0
.29£ 09
SSE-QS
B BlE 06
lE-05
9 6£-06
44 E0-4
59[ 06
" ~ 80[.(15 ,.,
8 BE-04
'" B9E-04
3 6 [-(15
2 E OS
• '00
03[ 04
3 06E 04
·~ 8 83E 06
"~
lJE-04
M<~
90 E-04
'"' 8 S4E-09
m-M
m~
m<«
2 07E 06
Uw
ch<:m 1»/d;o'f
"'~ 9 45[ 03
2 8SE-Q
36[-(12
583£-(11
8.22£-03
4 g [-(12
5(-<)3
'~
3 ]8(-(12 ...
399£-04
Bil0£-0 ...
!0£-<)3
'" ....
BOE 03
36E-ll4
3 SlE-03
40E 03
3 S3E 03
''" ~
68[-03
'" l S9E-G3
2J!iE-03
3 99E-<l3
}68 -04
68[-03
.lDE 02 ',.
52 E-Ol
2.l6f-{l2
·~~ ~'~ 2 15[-{13
3.0 E 0 . .,. ,,.,.
l.JBE-0
~ 76E-04
hM
.lSE-Q3 •n
4-lO£-Q
1.68£-03
'"'" 5.89£-0
6 4E-01
.22E 0
16 EtO
l 68E ~
"~ 9 82[-(13
29E 0
6 E-QJ
~
~ ..
9.821':-04 ....
.ll£.{)3
'~M
" ' ·-· ~· ... , ·-0 "'" Z SE-03
2 06f 03 ,.
"'" ~· 8.28£~2
"~ =m
4.30£ 02
~· 33&~2
29 eo
SE 03
~· ....
73E-OJ
""' -· .....
J 3& 0
7.67E-Ol
4.!1 [~3 , ... ...
''" ·=· 1 ODE Ol
M<
546£+1)
"0
2 49{-<J
3.38E 02
8 E 01
! 4~E~l
3 0 E 0 . , .
1.90£~8
2 2 06
5.83£-0
07E OS
2 3[-08
.87E~8
~'" 4.91E-{l ·-o 5.8 E 0
.22E~3
"' , ... ·-· 2.27£-04 • •
OH ·-· 15 E-0
"''" ·~· '" 0 =oo
5.2 f-0
6 5£ 02
Z.29E-O
3-lBE 02
' " 0 ...
2.8 e-o
~JSE-Ol
"" ...
h&"'
6 2E-(l3
6 2E 03
''" s~~~ ... _,
"' 68E-G3
65E 3
2 99E-04
2 9E 03
68E 03
2 06( 08
" 0 ...
5BE 03
2 14 -Q3 ...
M £-Q
~·· ". 9 4E-Q3
lBE-Q
~ ..
4 E02
000<
6 'l<JE-tl3
4~£-(1 ....
"" 3 QQ[~
~~
·~· ~· .29£-{13
67£-{13
2 8£.03
"' 8.S9f 0
2 SE-Ol _,
g BE-04
2 2 E-Ol
8BE 03
4.l6E-<l3
4 OlE 03
9E-Ol
6 E 02
'" S E 01
68[ 03
.. 0
2]] -Ql
3 99 02
0 •
"~ 3 3S -0 .. ~
3 9 £-04
3 94£-04
dEm 0 ~
,., Dt1ds p<: d
..~ .. ~ .. ~
~~
.. 000
86400
S6400
... oo
86400
... oo
86400
86400
86400
S6400
86400
86400
86400 .. _
86400 .. -,_
8640D ....
.. oo ,_ ,_ .. ~ .. -,_ .. .., .....
""" .. -.. ~ ,_
"~ """" ,_
..~
"""' "~ .. ~ .. _ ,._ ,._ ,_ .. _ ,_
"00 .. ~
86400 ,_ ,._
86400 ,_ ,_
... oo
.. ~o
.. oo ,._ .. ~
86400 .. -86400
... oo .. _
86 00 .. ~
"00
""" 86400 ,_
"""" .. _
"~ ,_ .. _
"""" ,_ .. ~ .. _ .. ~ ...... .. _ .. ~
"""' .. ~ .. _ ,_
"""' .. _
" ""' ,_
"""' .. -"""' .. ~ ,_
"""' ,._ ,_ .. ~ .. -"""' ,._ .. ~ .. -"~ "'""" ,_ ,_
"""' "-"""" .. ~ .. _ ...... ,_ ,_ .. ~ ,_ .. -,._ .._
"'""" """' """' ...... .. -.. ~ .. _ .. ~ .. _ ,_ .. _ .. _ ,_ .. _ .._
..~ .. _ .. _ .. _
"""" .. _ .. _ .. ""' .. _ .. _ ,_
"""" ,._
"""' """ .. -.. ~ ,_ ,_ .. ...
.. 00
86400 ,_
""" S6 00 .. -86 00
86~00
86400
86400
86400
86400 .. ~
86400
86400
""" 86 400 .. ~
"'" 86400 ,._
"'00
U400 .. _
"" ,_ ,_ .. _ .. ~
""" "'""' .. ~ .. ~ .. _ ,_ ...... ,_ .. _ .... ,_ ,_ .. _
.. oo ..... .. _ .. _ .. _
•
0" 00
"" Z6E-o5
~" ' ~ a S3E 06
3 22E 04
s 6£05 • 4 03E-o5
~'~
'"' ~ 88.:£06
·=~ 5 96E 05
03E OS
883£01>
n M
~ 03E OS
""'
•
'
'
32E 04
88 E 06
0 M
1 2 E 04
·~~
·~ <M
2 07[-06
l 0 E-06
" . ~
~0-
>E
C. wl.:l Em R.1
"'chem oJ scwnd p<: 0:.
""" "'00 ... oo
"" .. ooo
" 00 .. 000
" 00 &00
.. 00
.. 00
&00
"'00
... 00
.. oo
.. 00
... oo
.. oo
E-04 86 40D
.. 000
""" "00 ,_
"'" .. oo
EO 86400 .. oo .. _
""" .. _ .. _
"""' """ .. _ .. -"""' """' ... oo
.. ,00
... oo
... oo
..ooo
"'00
E-0 86 400
... oo
86400
E-0 86 400
86~00
86400
... oo
86400
MoOO ... oo
... 00
.. 000
"''" .. ooo
... 00
!6400
... 00
86400
86400
... 00
86400
... 00
... oo
... 00
... 00
R6400
... 00 .. ~
... oo .. ~ .....
.. ,00 .. ~
... oo
""" .. _ ...... .. ~
"'00
"'00 ... oo
~­,._
""' .. ,00
"""' ,_ ......
"""' "'00 ,_
"""' ...... .. _
...oo ,_
"""' """ .. -"""' "'00
MOO
"'00 ,_
... oo ......
"""' .. ,00 .. ~
... oo
... oo .. ~
... oo
... oo
"'00
'"00 .. ~ .. _
... oo
"'00 ... oo
... oo ,._
... oo
... 00
... oo
86 400 ... oo
... oo
... 00
... oo
S6400
... oo
86400
86400
"'00
86400
"'00
... oo
""0 "'00 ... oo
... oo
... oo ... oo
.. 00 ... oo
.. 00 ... oo .. ~
""" "AOO
"""' ,_ .. _ ,_ .. _ .. _
"""' ,_ .. ""' .. oo .. _
"""' .. oo ,._
.. oo
86400
&00
.. oo
86400
..00
.. 00
"'"" 86 40D
"'00
.. 00
" 00 .. 00
.. 00
8640D
.. oo
""" ... oo
86400
""" ... 00
86400
... oo
... oo
...00
... oo
.. 00
... oo .. ~
... oo
... oo
... 00
... oo
"'00
&00
.. 00
&00
HE-04
9 6 E 05
H«
3 50[ 04
6 65[-06 . ·~ ~ sg£-04
4SE-Ol
"'~ g 2g[ 07
~·· S E 06
J9E-05 .. ~
ON .00
6 62[-06
"~
'" ' '"' 5 E-<IS
ASE-06
6 6 E OS
4 1[-<15
"'~ Z.OSE OS
9.3ot:~S . " 5 68[-Q
8_4 E 06
~·~ "~ a OE-06
.J3E-D5
""' l 0 E-05
s 32£-06 ..
69£-04
6 6 E-06
6 6 E-06
l3 E O.S ' ~ . ,.,.
43[ 0
·~ 3 02E-D4
38 EOS ' ~ l 0 E 05
·~ 66 E 06
06£0.S
08E ll5 • <«
7 54£ 06
70 E Of;
3 8 £-06
65 [Of;
5 20E-06
·~ 8 OE 06
·~ 66 E 06 . ·~ '" H«
96 E 06
a OE-Ot;
5~[ 05 .. ~
6 62[ 06
3 6E-04
69[ 05 . '"" .. ~
~ 8[ 05
"~ .. ~
6.89[-06
29 E04
6 6 E-06
6 sor 06
·~ "«
66 E06
3 ,..,.
l 02E 05
"~
5 44E-06
5 80E 05
OM~
J BE-DS
89[-06
S.68E-04
00
56 E 05
9.80£-06
'~ <«
9 S E-06
"'~ Z.42E-OS
HOO
"'~ .. ~
6 6 E-06
"~
""' 8 ~E-07
"" "" "~
99 E Of;
·~ z 90£ 03
2 90£ (14
4 E 05
2 0 [ 04
l &GE-04
9 03£ o.s
·~ B SBE 0.S
J 98( 05
'" "~ "~ 70 E-04
6 6 E-06
2 6 E OS
2 6 E-05
~·~ 56 EOS
36E OS
6 6 E-06
6 7 [-06
66 E 06
66 [-{)1;
1 8E-06
~" 66 E-06
' " 9.67E 0
.93£-(19
6 6 E-06 . ,..,.
0 E 06 ' '~ 59 E-06
3 5 E 05
J &0 -05
3 E OJ
6 8E 04
S 6E OS " ~ ,.,
9 BOE 06
3 38 -04
8 4 E OS ......
3 26£-06
8 B E-fl6
""" "" 58£-05
50 E-o6
3 0 E-04
~,.,.
99 E-05
66E06
_45[-04
9 8£ OS
SOM
·~~
' 0 6.4()[-<19
3 M
"~
5SE-06
' "'
"~-"
~~
" c.a cula ed EmiSSJon Ro
ndi ch<:m Wd second ""'"d
6E-Q 86 00 _0,
"~ 5.52£-Q
4.J7E 0
' ~ 0 ·-o '" ' ·~ ..
~·00
·~-66 E 02
1.2 E-03
B98E-04
8 75E-02 ' ~~ ...
1 77E-04
65E-Ol ...
265E-Q3
~" ~
126E-Q3
4 E-03
2 69£-Ql
1 80[ 03
IJ't£-(13
2 6E-04
H-Q3
8 ~8[-QJ
5 06E-O~
3 9 E-03 ,.,
"~ ou~
6 E-03
.26E 02 ...
"" 2.53E-03
3.571-04
5 5[ Ol
0 E-03
OH
'" ~" "0
4 4 (-03
60E 02 ... ~
·~ ~ ..
s 75£-(12
36E 03
9 67E-04
5 5t: 03
2 3SE-04 •• "'" ""~ ·~ "'"' ~m
~-l 2 E OJ
o~M
~M
6&(-Q3 .. ,
••• S 2E 04
2 99E 03
~m
~·· s [-Q] ...
"" .. ,
6 E-Q2
3 U Ol
8 o E OJ
3 [ 0! .. ,
" *• 3 E 03
5 55{-02 ... ,
30E-Q3
B [-{13
_471-{13 ••• 2 [ 02
"' 681' OJ
()oi(-QJ
"" ..
6 0 [.(IJ .. , , ...
"~ "' S E-{13
5 f 02
:1&£-0l
g [ 03 .,
4 60(-{1]
6 67t 08
··~ 4 371-Q
80 [-{19
2 OSE-08
"" s 981' 0
3 68£ 0 ., ...
' "~ ....
9 44[ 02
' • 0 ·~ ~" ••• 2 99[ 02
89E 03
2 6[~2
5 52(-Q ..
B 0 [ Q]
3 ~ E 02
~·' 72t-02
" "0
57£ 03 ,.
2 ][-Q2
2 53[ 02 ,..
"" 5 04E 03
5 04(-{IJ
«E 03 =· 8 E 03 •• 6£-<ll
6E-O~ ...
2 HE-04
0 E-OJ
6E-<ll
4(-(18
MO<
3 68[-Q
~·· ...
l4E-03
~ ·~ .,
30(-<J
686[-Q
2 5JE-O
120[-0
06[-Q
" s 8E-OJ
8 [ 03
3 68E 03
2 6£-Q
l 99[ 03 ... ~
9 E 08
.26£ 03
96 E-04
' • 0
~0 =· ·-o '" •o
6.2 E-04
~· ' ...
' no
l 0 E 0
9 6 E-04
S SE-<1
0 ••
'"" "" '" '" 99E 0
29E 0
8 S E 08
.22[-{16
2 S3E-O
53[-02
2 96(-04
2 96£-04
.. ~
"" .. oo ,._
.. oo
86 400
.. 00
'""' .. -.. ~ .. -.. -.. -.. _ .. _ .. _
.. oo .. _ .. _ .. _ ...... ..... .. _ ...... .. -...... .. -,_
""" .. ~ .. ~ .. ~ .. ~ .. -.. ~ .. ~
86400 .. ~
... oo
86400 .. ~ ,._ .. ~
"""' 86400 .. ~
~~
... oo
"'""' .. ~o .. ~ .. ~ ... oo .. ~ .. ~ .. -.. -"""' ..,_
U400 .. ~
86400
86~00 .. ~
86400
86400 .. ~
86400
"'""' .. ~ .. ~
"'"" .. ~ ,_ .. _ .. -,_
"""' ,._ .. _ .. -.. _ ..... ...... .. -,_ .. _ .. -"""' .. -,._ ...... .. ~
"""' .. _ . -"""' ,_ ,_ ,_ ..... ,._
""" ,_ ......
""" ,_ .. ~ .. _ ...... .. ~
"""' """' . -,_ .. -""" ,_ ,_ .. _ ,_ .. _ ,_ . ""' ,_ ,._ .. _ ,_ .. ~ ,_ .. ~
"""' ,_
"""' .. -"""' ,_ .....
"""' ..-"""' ,._
"""' .....
"""' ..... ,_ . ""' ...... ,._ . -.. _ .. _ ,_ .. -.. _
!64.0D ,._
.. oo
86400 ,._
86 OD
"""' 86 400
86 400
86400
ao oo
""" .. oo .. ""'
""' ..., .. ~ .. ~
.. oo .. ~
S6 00 .. _
.. oo
86400
86400
86400
86 400
"00
86400 .. ~
"'" """' """ "" """ ... oo
86400 ,_
86400
... oo
"" ... oo .. _
.. oo .. _ ..... .. -.. ""' """'
~-"' 6 62[-06 ,._.,
"~ ~·~ BOE-04
3 24E 05
93E-04
6 89[-06
4 83[-Q
HEO.:.
9 6 E-Q
H«
J SOE-0<.
6 65E Of; . '~
4 59[ 04
<M
9 39£>08
66.lE06
"~
A E 05
94 [ 06
5 [-05
Ho;
66.1[06
4 £-OS
·-~
0 00
38 E 06
6.52E 06
5 lOf 06
<OO
8 OE 06
0
'
·~ ><M
·-~ HM
6 6.l[ Of;
""'"
5 6.3£ OS
·-~ n<M
""' 9 S E 06
"M
. " 106E 0
" "" 1 93E 09
~·00
•~m
48 E ~
6 6.l£ 06
4 95E 04
6 6.lt 06
•«~
661£06
66.1[06
1 BE 06
""' 662[06 . " 9 6 r o
"" 66.lE06
8 4lE Of;
"~ Jl [ 04
592E06
0 .,.
3 02£-(15
8.60£-06
09£ 0!:
3 38£04
8.4 £-05
78 E 06
26E-06
88 E 06 "0
'"' 8[ 05
507E 06
0 M
~~
·~~ -lJE 04
3lE 04
55{ 06
SSE 06
~~
d ... dlftn b da~
2 2SE 03 ,.,
3 82E-O
g 86[-Ql ... ...
·~. ~· M<~
' " 3 9E-Ol
' '~ ,..
2 6E 0
~·~ 56E-G
4 9 E-0 , ..
3 6E-04
""" U£03
4 3~ 03
" 0 '~ "~
2 S2E 03
43 ED ' .. 534 -(13
4 93[-04
"" 60[-Ql
904E 0
699E-<J
3 6[-{1
6 6E 04
93£-04
2 UE-0
4 0][-{1
6 6[-{1
2 9E-o
4 S E-0
5 3 E-04
0 E-02 ...
2 5 E-02
5 75[-0
25£-0
2 l E-OJ
~0
' H ~ E-03
.. w
4 9 E-04
"'" ..
3£-0l
"" • ~« .. .
'" ·-o ....
2 S& Ol ·-0 " ' ll2H =o
4 93[ ().(
2 96£-(ll
3 8 E 0
2 15[ 03
''" S 3 E Ol
2 ~ E-03
3 29E-<l
2 75[-()
2 s.!E-<1 ,..
2 2 E-0
' s 5£-<l -· , .
2 4[-<Jl
4S [ 0
3 92(-0
·~· 0~0
2 25[-<Jl ,.
"" 2 6JE-<l3
2 25£-0
4 52E-02
"" 6 5SE-<l
85[-03 ...
2 S£ 0
~0
~·· ...
·~ 92£-0 ,.,
4 s £-0
2 4 E-0
' «< 4 03(~2
82 (-0
~· '~"' ''" -·· 3 66(-08
2 S f-OB
~"' ·~o
4 g (.{) on•
" 0 2 5[-0]
~'" ·-· ,_~ ' ,.
·~· ·~ .
" 0 ~ 93E-02
0" 0 ·-· M"
·~ 0 ·-o l 0 E 02
4.5 E-(1
2 9l£ 02
" ' &0 . " 4 5 ED ...
5£ Ol
0 ...
9 ODE Ol
"" ' -· ''" 2 25(~
'" 2 5(.(1
l 5£-0
"~
3 4[-03
2 SE-<J
"~ 3 9[-(17
6 BE 0
l m:-03
"~ 2 39 0
"" "0
30E-Ol
'0
52EO ' ,.
89E-O
'" ' 9 E-G3
" ' 6 5SE-G
93£ OJ
S 34E-O
9 4S[~9
" 0 2 lSE 0 ••
"''" 2 9 E-<13
3 0£ 03
"" ·-· 2 65E-o3 ,.,
3.ooE-03
].861:.03
5.84E~3
S-lSE 03
1 73E 3
"'" '" '" 2 25E 03
4.93E 0
3 E 02
S.J E 0
2 30E-0
52[ 0
' . " 4 52E o
4 52E-Q
S 28E-04
S aE 04
M " >00,000
" edEm o Rile
eco ~ per d l'f ,_ ......
"'"" .. _ .. -""" """ 86400 .,_ ,_
"""' ""' ,_
.. 00
.. oo .. ~
MoOO
&AOO ... oo
.. oo
.. oo
&00 .. oo
uoo
""" .. oo
... oo
... 00
"'00 ... oo
... oo ,_
... 00
"'00 ... oo
... oo
... 00
... 00
... 00
""0 .. 000
""" 86400
... 00
.. oo
...00
... 00
86400
S6400
.. oo
.. 00
86400
" 00 .. 00
" 00
" 00 .. 00
.. 00
" 00
" 00 .. 00 ,_
" 00 .. 00
.. oo
.. 00
.. oo
" 00 .. oo
.. 00
.. 00
"~ .. 00
.. 00
MOO
" 00 .. 00 "00
" 00 ,._
" 00
" 00 .. 00
" 00 .. 00
" 00
" 00 ~ 00
" 00 ... 00
.. 00
M 00
.. 00
.. 00
86~00
""' .. 00 .. ""' .. 00
"'"" .. 00
" 00 ~~
" 00
" 00
" 00
" 00 ... oo
.. 00
.. 00
MOO
.. 00
.. 000
.. 00
" 00 .. 00
.. 00
&00
.. 00
""" .. oo
.. 00
.. 00 .. ~
""" .. oo
.. oo
.. oo
"" .. oo
.. oo
"" """ &00
.. oo
""" .. oo
""" &00
"00
"'" """ .. ""' """ .. oo
... oo
"" 86400
.. 00
86400
86400
"'00
... 00
"'00
"'"" ... oo
"''"' .. 00
"'00
""" ... oo
.. ooo
""" ""00 .. _ .. _
"""" """' .. ....
"""" .. _ .. _ .. -"'"' """ ""' .. -..... .. _
8640D .. -... 00
8640D
... oo
B640D
.. 000
... 00
... oo
""" 86400
"'00
... 00
... oo
... 00
... oo
"'00 ... oo
... oo
MoOO
"'00
... 00
"'00 ... oo
... oo
... 00
.. ooo
~· . 1& 05
6.65£-{15
0 " ' .. ~ . ·~ 5 78£-{15
3 ~S£-04
23 -{15
·~ ~ 37[-04
"~ ~~
6 6£-04 .. ~
" 00 8 20E Q4
~ ..
26[-05
"'o;
.48E-Q5
9 82E 06
ABE-OS
35[-(13 " ... BE-05
3~E-Q5
2 S E-QS
"'"' l 80E-Q5
2 59E-o6
8£-QS
8 4 (-(15 ,.,.
3 6 [-QS .. ~
3 24E-'l6 ......
5 E-OS ' ,.,.
3 24E-0-4
46 -OS
2 3 f-{IS
3 34E 06
s ne-os
949£.(16
HE-04 " .,.
BE OS
18[-{15
4 4 05
4 ( 04
LSEE-Q5
'" 59E-06
5 39[ 04
6 90E OS
9 06E 06
5 39E 05
690E 6
7E OS
9 SE-06
2 59E 06
55£ OS
2 00[ OS
BE 05
"~ HOE 05
3 E OS
'" 4SE OS
49[ 04
BE 05
BE 05
5 83E ()4
3 OlE 05
SSE-OS
l 02[ 04
<M
2 3 E-G4
06E 04
" 1 98E-05
38E 05
BE 05
lJ E 04
S 9E OS
34SE OS
' '" 0 E 04
"M
56 05
4 E OS
D E 03
.. ,.,.
'" l45E.(IS
2 BOE-04
nE os
2 59£-(14
5 SEO
S SE-04
55[ 05
H E04
4 75£-04
"M
2 3 E-04
53[-04
0"
!ii!EOJ
2 3 E-04
23 E 04
SE Ol
BE 05
4 E~S
4 3 05
3SE 05
"""' 8£-(15
""' lSE-05
S 9 E-04
oc•~
6.84[-05
6A3E-OS ...
llE-03
99 E 05
~··
18(-(15
9 06E 06
5.39{ 05
S £-<IS
9 EOS
6 04£-04
"~
39E OS
5 83[..()6
SSE 05
0 E-OS
3 D6E-Q5
l 5 E 05
9 06[-06
5 39[ 04
4 OE-04
77£ 04
" " 2 59 -04
&olE 04
>M~ ' .,
9BE 0
"' " ~ 2 3 E-04
'"""' '".,.
M o
'"~ ' C. cUated Em Rat
ndlvchem bs,ldoy
75 [ 05
4l2E-{14
" l29E-Ql
2 60[-03
16 E 04 "0 8 [OS
s 48(+00
"" ,.. ...
3.9 E-<13
53[.{1
534(-0
5.2 [-<13 ....
8.03( 05
.OS( .{IS , .. _.,
~.2 E 0 .. ~
H.SSE-Ql
"" 0 so<
lAO{ 05
~_., m _.,
&M
16/<E 0
so•
5.34[-04
3 0 E 0
2.3 E-04
05[-Q
2 OSE-Q
~ 44[-06
9 60E-05
~,0
l 05(.(13
930EO ,_,.
l lE 05
' ·~ 6.03 -(1
8 36£ D4
''" S E OS
HO
2 ~ E-04
·~ 990[ OS
"~ .. ,.,.
"0
438[-04
' '"" . ,..,.
~'" '"' ,._,. ....
66E-OS
' ·~ 7 96[-05
·~ ~·~ s 89[-05
"'" 9 86E-05
·~ 5 E-05 ,.,
"M
8-l6E-Q5
""' 93[05
94 E-04
5 E OS
5 E OS
3 OE-0 ' ....
4 9E-Q4 ,., ,_,. .. ,
J<O .. ,
3 30E OJ
'"' '" 50 E-04
8 E-OS
5 E OS
'"' ""' 2 9[-04
6. 6£ I)
6S8E04
26[ 04
~'"' 8.9SE 05
6.44E 0
2 44[+00
6..)8£-04 ,_,.
5 ( 03
8 OE OS
"'"' 13 E 0
""' 39 E 09
00<0
60E 08
4 9E D
·~ 8 6E D
3 56[ 06
"~ M<OO
~ ...
s e-os
SO-"
5 6 [-{1 ...
"~ 8 OSE-04
"~ '" ,..,.
M<~ ...
3 9[-0.3
4 9E 04 ,..
3 0 [-{13 ,.
.5 [-{13
' ·~ . ,.,.
"" ...
"" 95[-(13
'"' 300[04
>OO "'
8 5 E-QS
6.45[ 0.0.
; M
S E 05
"'" 7 5 [ 05
H
.J..l£-05
125E-04
7.5 £-0
9 U!E 0
1 OE-08 " . so•
9.S6E 0
-0
l SE 03 ...
4-l4E-04
'""'~ "" ...
6 30[ 04
6 E-03
J08E04
OM
2 9(-04
M<~ .. ~
3 SE 0
S 4SE 09
so•
S 5E 05
l4 [-04
9 SE-OS .....
3 8.4£-0
9 60[-04
8 BSE-QS
3 OE-QS
00,_,.
"~ 95[-04 ,..,.
s 5£.(15
~·~ ....
"" SO E09
26(-{18
""' ..
""" """'
oecondo~ da
"'""' ..~
86400
"'~ .. ooo
... oo
"'-"'" .. ~
86400
...oo
.. oo
86(00
"""' .. oo
"00
... 00
S6400 .. ~
.. oo .. -.. 00
""" .. _
.. oo .. -.. ~ .. ~
... 00 .. ~
&00 .. ~
"""' .. ~
56400
"'"" .....
"'00 ... oo
.. oo
""' ... oo
.. oo
~­.. oo .. _ .. _ ,_ .. _ .. -.. 00 .. _ .. _ ......, .. _ ......
"'""' .. ~, .. -......
.. ~o .. _
.. ~o
"""' """ "'""' ,_ .. ~, .. _ .. ,.., .. _
"""' .. _ .. -.. .. .. _ .. _ .. _ .. _ .. _
.. ~o .. _ .. _ ..-""" .. ~, ,_ .. _ .. _ .. -.._ ,_ ,_ .. _ ,_ .. _ .. -""" ,_
"""" .. oo .. _
""" .. ~,
"""' ,_ .. _ .. -.. ~0 ......, ,_ ...... .. _ .. ~, ...... .. _
.. ~o .. _
.. ~o .. _ .._ .. ~,
"'""' .. ~o ..... , .. -""' ,_
.. ~o
.. ~o .. ~
.. ~o
..~
""" "~' ,._
..~ ...... .. ~
.. ~o
"""' .. ~,
"""' .. -.. _
"""' "'"' .. ..,
""" "~' .. -uoo .. -.. -,_ .. -.. 00
uooo
.. oo
8640D .. ..,
8640D
.. 00 .. ""' .. oo .. -.. ..,
.. oo
""" .. oo
.. ooo
.. oo
"" .. oo
86 00
... 00
.. oo
"" ... oo
.. oo
86400
86400
86400 .. ~ .. -... 00 .. -"~ AAOOO
~~· ... oo .. ~
86400
... oo ,_
"'" ... oo
"" "'" .. _
.. oo
... oo
uoo
..~
.. oo
"""
~ .
394E 0
.22£-()6
6.69£ OS ...
-l7E 05
.93£-06
~·· .. , .... ,
9A £-0
302£0
...
5 E-05
4.2lE-04
.l1E 02
l.29E-03
2 60£ Ol
l67E-04
' ~· 7.8 c.os
cd Emr>SO<>n R
><:<0 d pe d
"'00 ... oo
uoo
... oo
... oo
MOOO
.. ,00
AAOOO ... oo
... oo
... oo
... oo
... oo
... oo
"'" "'00 ... oo
... oo
... oo
~·00 ... oo
B6400
""" ... oo
86400
S640D
a6•oo
S6~00
... oo
86400
"'00
~6400
.. oo
... oo
.. oo
... oo
.. 00
.. 00
.. 00
.. 00
.. 00
.. 00
.. 00
!640D
.. oo
.. oo
8640D
&6400
... oo
.. oo
"'00 ..oo
.. oo
uoo .. ~ .. _
""" &00 .. -.. 00
.. oo
.. oo
.. oo
.. oo
.. oo
uoo .. _
.. oo
.. oo
.. oo
.. oo
.. oo
.. oo
.. oo
.. oo
.. oo
.. oo
"'00 .. oo
... oo
... oo
... oo ,_ .. _
... oo
.. oo ,._ .. _
&00 ,_
.. oo ,._ .....
&00 ,_
8640D
uooo
""' """' ,_
.. oo
"""' .. oo ,_
""" ,_
"""' ,_ ,_ ....
.. oo
"""' """' .. _
"""' .. oo
""" """' . ""' .. _ .. _ .. _
"""' """' ......
"""' .. _ .. ..,
"""' .. _
"""' """ "'""' """' ""00 M•oo
86400
"""" ..~ ...... .. ....
"""' ,_
"""' .. .., .. ,..,
"""' ,._
"""' """ .. _ ,_ ,_
... oo
""" .. oo
.. oo
.. oo
• oOO
M400
... oo
86 400
.. oo
... 00
.. 00
" 00 .. 00
.. 00
.. 00
.. 00
.. oo
""" .. oo
.. oo
"" 86400 .. oo
86~00
... oo
86400
... oo
... oo
.. ooo
"'00 ... oo
.. ooo
... oo
... oo
... oo
... oo
.. ,00
"'00 ... oo
"'00 ... oo
... oo
... oo
... oo
MOOO ... oo
... oo
... oo
""" ...oo
"'00 ... oo
2 SBE-02
"" S SE-06
9 35[ 011
Z 09E-D5
'"~
.J4E-GB
'~ <
·~ . '""" 40 E 0
4 49E-O
4 BE 0 ""0 , ....
3.Q9EO
8 63E~B
5 SE-0
3~[-Q
40SE 0
""~ ·-o 3~[ 0
"~
8 63 -{)1;
73[-04
"~ "~ 1 22[-05
"~ 5 l E.(l(;
"~ '"' "~
6.59E-OS
"~ "~
~,.,.
J 94[-07
863E Of; .. .,.
93SE Of;
03£05
'"' 3 8 E 0 .. .,.
H«
~ l4f DB
9 4[-06
calwlated m Ra ~
d.vch m b.;d se< d ne d
8.26[ I) 86,400
464E 04 86400
4(l E 0 86 400
H E-Q 86400
2 a~e-0 86400
404[-04 86400
2 ( [-{13 86 400
SS9E-{)5 86400
603E+OO 86400
166£-0J 86 400
2 E-0.3 86 400
96£-05 86 400
4.3 [-(IJ 86 400
8.29E-O 86 400
5 UE-05 86 400
5 [-(I] 86 400
8 E-0 86 400
8 83E-O 86 400
6[.{1 86 400
E-04 86 400
6 I!E>£ -(1 86 400
fOol 86 00
940[0 86 00
I) 86 00
S 6EO 81.i400
9£-<l 8600
6E04 56'
1.8t:04 8600
%[-(14 86 400
8EO 86 00
B 26E-Q5 86 400
588 04 86400
3.J E -0 56 4.00
2.56[-04 86 400
6 0 86400
2.26E-OS 86 400
.OBE 06 86 00
.06E-04 86 400
_48[-(13 6!5 400
2.26E 0 86 00
..0 E-04 86 400
66E 04 M 400
2 -0 86400
3 £-04 86400
6 ~3[ 05 86 400
9 9[-04 86400
2 E-QJ 86400
8 6E 0 86400
s 6E-OS U.-400
89[-04 86400
3 0 E-03 86,400
09 -04 86400
81:00 86,400
.8 E-05 86 400
-(1 86 400
8 E 04 86400
6 -05 86400
3 -04 86 400
5~ -os 86 400
s 6-05 86400
'~
34[-()4
• 0
' 0.
8 E-05
4 81£-{)5 . ..
6 6 -OS .. ,
'"~ ~~
8 6 -05
5 8 05
%~
9 9 -QS
~
0 ~
~0
8 6 -OS
8 26[-<IS " ~ ~
S l E-04
" .. ~
66 -03
44£-Ql
8 59 -05
36 03
8 6 -OS
8 8 -OS
s sa -04
9 64E-{IS
8 6 05 .. ~ ' ~ ~
6 8 .(15
~
~~
3 96 -04
9 S4 -OS
OB -<ll
2 ~8£ OD
"~ ,_.,
"" 8 9 E-05
"~ BE-03
l D E 04
4 3 E 09
" 0 86 OS
S 2 E 0 .,
9 9E 0
39 E 08
''" "'" 86E-GB
6 ODE 05
! GE-<15
6 BE 03
4 E 02 ,.,
a.89( 04
«
"'" "~ 8 E 03
3 62(-02
3 6 E-<ll
52 £04
l.56£ OJ
3.J E 03
" -· =o
0-~
-lBE 02
"""' _,
8 £ D3
8.26E OS
3.JOE ~
B0£04
9 40E 05
0 ~
M<~
8 6E-OS
a e os ...
8 26[ 05 ,., ,._., . . ' "~ •• o M
.....
4 49 -04 .. ~
~~
6 ~ E-04 .. ~
J l9E-04
~
lA E-04
1 8 E-04
'"~ 3.4 E 10
SOlE-09
8. 6[-{)5
633 -0
' ·~ "~ -l6E 04
"' 06E 0
9 3E-O
4 0 E-0
"~ <M "-"~ s n -os
~ 77E 0
.. 0
' • 0 1261'-Q
''" ...
1 96[-{1]
' 5 58[ 09 _, -· ~·' HO
94(-(15
.. ooo .. ~
~·00 .. ~
.. 00 .. ~ .. ~
""" .. ~ .. ~ .. ~
""" "'" .. ~
... oo .. ~ "-""" """ ... oo
M~
... oo .. ~ .. ~
~·00 .. ~ .. ~ .. ~
""" .. ~
"""' ~~ ..... .. ~
~­M•OO .. ~
.. ooo
~~
... oo
"''" ... 00
... oo
"'00
~·00
86400
... oo
!10 400
" ""' "'00
86400 .. ~
86400 .. ~
"'00
"" .. ~
86400
86 400 .. ~
86 400 .. ~
86400
86400 .. ~ ....
... 00
86 400
86 400 .. -86 00 .. -.. 00
"" .. -00
""" .. ""'
86400 .. -.. -""' .....
""" """ """ """ """ .. -""" !6400
.. 00
... oo
86 40D
86 4!10 .. ~ .. ~
"""' .....
""' "'00
86400 .. _
... oo .. ~ .. _
... oo .. -"~ ... 00
" ""' ... oo
"""' .. ~
""'" ..... ......
"""' """' """' ......
""' ,_ .. _ ,_ .. _ .. _
.. ~o
~-80 DO ,._
.. oo
"~" .. ~ .. " ,._ .. _ .. ~
"'00
"'" .. _ .. ""' .. oo ,_
"" .. ~o
~· . 4)4[-07 «.,.
'"~ ~ ~· SO -(IS ' .,. ' .,
"" ~.,.
5-l E-07
8 11'lE-(17
23E-Q7
98E-06
"~
83£-"6
'
, ..
'" ,.,
'" OE 06
S~E 06
4 67E-06
"' 10 E OS
'H
9 9[-{)6
~·«
~ ., ...
S 9 E-06
8 OE-06
56 [~6
l 60E 06
~· "«
5 OE 06
4 9£-Q
·~. <«
~
0~ ~
'~ U16f-Ot;
·~. •
2 5 E-06
2 36E 06
8 o -OS
4 E-{15
3 64[-06
3 88E-{IS
'BE-06
'~
98£-06
5 63£-Q7
"~ 12 E05
S SSE-06 ,
~'" lnd ch m b> da
~"'
8 ~OS
2 5 E 03
6 S8E-D4
·~ -l E 05
' "M ~"' ~~
30 E 04 ,,_.,
·~~ ~<M
"~ =" ~" l 29E 03
"~ "" ' " 12EII5
3 SE 05
'" 2 1 {+09
1 50E ll5
16B[O.S
" ""' ~56[ 05
3 29 06
H>
07E 04
6 OJE 04
4 66E-OS
' ·~ . '" .. ~
92[-{15
"'" . ·~ 86[-05
3 o ~-OS
4 SE-06
6 SSE-OS
'"' .. ...,
384[04
SOE-Q5
••• 5 6E 0
s 41![-04
~'" 3.2 ( 0
3.29[ 06
6.85[ 04
"'" " 6.85[ 0
'~" ~· 2_4 ( 0
''''" '" " ~0
BnE06
-0
"' 3.29{ 06
'" l_5.4[ 0
"" " 356£0
"' *' ·-o AO<M
~0
"' ~M
l.84E 0
0 .. o
] &4[ (14
~·~ "~ 26 [ 04
~"
·~~ ~0
~" "'~ " "'" l 0 E Oo4
685£0
4 ].8[ 0
''" "~
45E 04
" 9E OS
''" ·~ ' 28( 04
'" 3 0 £-04
16 E 05
''" 68E 04
548E 0
95£ 0
2 OOE OS
'"' 9S9£
244E D
" " "~
4 38€ (19
3 9£ (19
" ~·~ SOE-05
" ·~ 2 03E 06
"~ 4 8[-05
3 6E 04 .. ~
329[04
6. BE 00
6 BE-04
9 9E 05 ... ~
6 OlE-04 .. ~
3 0 [-04
"~ 90 E OS
'" 3.0 E-04
"'~ ""' ·~ ,; 00[ 05
6 OOE OS
·~ .. ~
9 89£ 05
2 49£ OS
"' ~' 0
"" 4 38E 09
"'" ''" S9E OS
"~ ~"
S !>BE OS . " lO [ 0
'" '"~ -· "'" " 4.38£ OS
].29[ OS
356£ OS
"" '"~ ••• SE-05
6 5S[-0
9 E-05
2 4 E-0
"~
92£-04
m~
"'~ l OOE-QS
2 8E-05
3 !9[ 05
3 59E OS
'" 6 B5E 04
52 E-04
><M
50E OS
3 9E 04
206[04
3 S6E 04
" "' ""' "" lO E 04
30[(14
35 E 06
35 E 06
M 2S B
""" ' cd Emr>SIU Ro
.., d ~doy ,_ ,_ ..... ,_
"""' "'""' ...... .. _ .. .., .. ~ ,_
.. oo .. ~
86400
.. oo
86400
86400 .. _ .. -.. .., ,_
... oo ,._
""" .. _
""" "'00 ... oo
... oo
... oo
... oo
86400 .. ~
.. oo
"""' .. _
.. oo .. -86 400
86 40D .. _
.. oo
8640D ,_ .. _ .. ~ .. _ .. _ ,_ .. _ .. _
""" .. oo .. -.. -.. -.. -,_ .. ~
'""" .. -..-...... .. ...
"""' .._ ,._ .. ~
"""' """' .. _ ,._ .. _
"""' .._ .. ~
""" .. -""" .. ~
""" """' ..~ ......
"""' """ """' .. ~ ,._ .. ~ .. ~ ,._ ... ., .. ~
""" .. ~
... oo
... oo .. ""' """ .. ~ .. ""' ... oo ... oo
86400
86400
B6~00
86400
B6400 .. _
86400 .._
86 400
..~
86 400 .. ~
86 400
S6 40D .. ~
86 400
86 400
86 400
86 40D
86 400
86 400
86 400
86 400
86 400
• •oo .. _
• 000
86 40D
86 400
8~ 400
.. oo
86 400
.. oo
.. oo
B6400
8640D
.. oo
""" """ .. oo
.. oo
.. oo
8640D .. -.. 00 .. _
.. oo
86 400
86 40D
.. 00
86 40D
86 400 .. ~ ,._
.. ooo .. ""' ... oo
"'00 ... oo
"'" .. ~
uooo .. _
""" ......
"""' """' .. _ .. _ .. .., .. ""' .. _ .. ""' .. .. .. _ .. _ .. _
8640D .. -.. _
86 40D
.. oo
86 400
M400
86 400
86400 ,_
.. oo ,._ .....
86400
"""' "'"' ... oo .. ~
"'" .. _
... oo ... ., .. -... 00 .. _
,.«
8.20£ DB
SE.Ol
~M
»04
B7E-08
~ 7(-06
9 E-08
56 E~A
s 4 E.U
""' 843E 01!
·~ 65£-07
6.54€-{18
65£-07 ... ~
2 88[-06
M&O
I 0(.(13
1 3EOB
~,.,.
~ ..
60 -QS
360E 0
·~ 788BB ..
u
8.04[ 08
8.9BE-Of;
8. 6[ 08
4.60[ 08
·~· 6 BE DB
JE DB
'" UlEO
88E-QS
5 l2E-Q8 ..,
8. E DB ,,.
9 64E-Q8
9 92[ 07
...~
88[-08
3 38[-06
2 0 [-(1
'"
48(-{1 .. ~
Ll E Of;
8 OE-08
3.4 E Of;
"'" S OE-118
5 HE 0
'
3 60[-{1
2 OE-Q
64 -{18
6~(.0 ... ...
9l9E-08
6 6E-06
S6E-03
6 OE-07
·~ 58E-fl6
8 OE-{18
"~ ......
0
'
"'~
"'' " "' "
&8[ 08
8 1)3(-{18
~"' ~"' •••
88£08
604E-OB
woo
OlE~
mo
4 03£-06
"~ 0~~
3 BSE-08
·~· "'' "''" -· 6!14E~8
·~~ , ..
"" .....
JE 06
""~ ""' 8 OSE-{)6
" ' "' 58E.O.S
S8E-06
ASE 08
85[ 08