DAQ-2024-007105

1

DAQC-305-24
Site ID 16121 (B4)
MEMORANDUM

TO: STACK TEST FILE – CRUSOE ENERGY SYSTEMS – Duchesne Data Center Power
Station

THROUGH: Harold Burge, Major Source Compliance Section Manager

FROM: Robert Sirrine, Environmental Scientist

DATE: March 28, 2024

SUBJECT: Location: 1-mile northeast of Upalco, Duchesne County, Utah
Contact: Ken Parker 720-495-3656, Pinyon ES-Kaitlin Meszaros 631-245-0308
Tester: Encino Environmental Services (EES) 281-201-3544
Tester: Great Plains Analytical Services (GAS), Macie McClellan 580-225-0403
Source: Engines GE-1251, 1254, 1283, 1318, 1358, 1361, 1362, 1363, 1364, and
1365.
FRS Site ID#: UT0000004901300215
Permit #: AO DAQE-AN161210002-23 Dated February 13, 2023
Action Code: 3A
Subject: Review of stack test report dated, December 6, 2023

On December 11, 2023, the Utah Division of Air Quality (DAQ) received a stack test report for emissions
testing of the Crusoe Energy Systems Duchesne Data Center Power Plant’s, Ten Waukesha 2,500 hp
Generator Engine Units 1251, 1254, 1283, 1318, tested by EES, and Engine Units 1358, 1361, 1362, 1363,
1364, and 1365 tested by GAS. All located in the Crusoe Energy Duchesne Data Center 1-mile northeast of
Upalco, Duchesne County, Utah. Testing was performed October 24-27, 2023, by EES, and November
13-21, 2023, by GAS, to determine compliance with AO Condition II.B.2.a, and NSPS 40 CFR 60, Subpart
JJJJ for NOX, CO, and VOC emissions. The DAQ calculated results are:

Source Test Date RM/Pollutant DAQ Result Tester Result Limit

GE 1283 10/24/23 */NOX 0.12 lb/hr 0.12 lb/hr 0.83 lb/hr
0.025 g/BHP-H 0.025 g/BHP-Hr 0.15 g/BHP-Hr

*/CO 0.46 lb/hr 0.46 lb/hr 1.65 lb/hr
0.093 g/BHP-Hr 0.093 g/BHP-Hr 0.30 g/BHP-Hr

*/VOC 0.02 lb/hr 0.02 lb/hr 0.17 lb/hr
0.004 g/BHP-Hr 0.004 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr

GE 1251 10/25/23 */NOX 0.16 lb/hr 0.16 lb/hr 0.83 lb/hr
0.0.32 g/BHP-Hr 0.16 g/BHP-Hr 0.15 g/BHP-Hr

*/CO 0.46 lb/hr 0.46 lb/hr 1.65 lb/hr
0.09 g/BHP-Hr 0.09 g/BHP-Hr 0.30 g/BHP-Hr

*/VOC 0.15 lb/hr 0.15 lb/hr 0.17 lb/hr
0.03 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr

2

GE 1318 10/26/23 */NOX 0.00 lb/hr 0.00 lb/hr 0.83 lb/hr
0.00 g/BHP-Hr 0.00 g/BHP-Hr 0.15 g/BHP-Hr

*/CO 0.52 lb/hr 0.52 lb/hr 1.65 lb/hr
0.11 g/BHP-Hr 0.11 g/BHP-Hr 0.30 g/BHP-Hr

*/VOC 0.00 lb/hr 0.00 lb/hr 0.17 lb/hr
0.00 g/BHP-Hr 0.00 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr

GE 1254 10/27/23 */NOX 0.05 lb/hr 0.05 lb/hr 0.83 lb/hr
0.01 g/BHP-Hr 0.01 g/BHP-Hr 0.15 g/BHP-Hr

*/CO 0.51 lb/hr 0.51 lb/hr 1.65 lb/hr
0.10 g/BHP-Hr 0.10 g/BHP-Hr 0.30 g/BHP-Hr

*/VOC 0.15 lb/hr 0.15 lb/hr 0.17 lb/hr
0.03 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr

GE 1362 11/13/23 */NOX 0.15 lb/hr 0.15 lb/hr 0.83 lb/hr
0.03 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr 0.15 g/BHP-Hr

*/CO 0.40 lb/hr 0.40 lb/hr 1.65 lb/hr
0.08 g/BHP-Hr 0.08 g/BHP-Hr 0.3 g/BHP-Hr

*/VOC 0.02 lb/hr 0.02 lb/hr 0.17 lb/hr
0.004 g/BHP-Hr 0.004 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr

GE 1361 11/14/23 */NOX 0.33 lb/hr 0.33 lb/hr 0.83 lb/hr
0.06 g/BHP-Hr 0.06 g/BHP-Hr 0.15 g/BHP-Hr

*/CO 0.795 lb/hr 0.795 lb/hr 1.65 lb/hr
0.15 g/BHP-Hr 0.15 g/BHP-Hr 0.30 g/BHP-Hr

*/VOC 0.023 lb/hr 0.023 lb/hr 0.17 lb/hr
0.004 g/BHP-Hr 0.004 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr

GE 1358 11/15/23 */NOX 0.15 lb/hr 0.15 lb/hr 0.83 lb/hr
0.03 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr 0.15 g/BHP-Hr

*/CO 0.80 lb/hr 0.80 lb/hr 1.65 lb/hr
0.16 g/BHP-Hr 0.16 g/BHP-Hr 0.30 g/BHP-Hr

*/VOC 0.03 lb/hr 0.03 lb/hr 0.17 lb/hr
0.01 g/BHP-Hr 0.01 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr

GE 1364 11/16/23 */NOX 0.075 lb/hr 0.075 lb/hr 0.83 lb/hr
0.015 g/BHP-Hr 0.015 g/BHP-Hr 0.15 g/BHP-Hr

*/CO 0.48 lb/hr 0.48 lb/hr 1.65 lb/hr
0.10 g/BHP-Hr 0.10 g/BHP-Hr 0.30 g/BHP-Hr

*/VOC 0.025 lb/hr 0.025 lb/hr 0.17 lb/hr
0.01 g/BHP-Hr 0.005 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr
3

GE 1363 11/20/23 */NOX 0.15 lb/hr 0.147 lb/hr 0.83 lb/hr
0.03 g/BHP-Hr 0.029 g/BHP-Hr 0.15 g/BHP-Hr

*/CO 0.71 lb/hr 0.711 lb/hr 1.65 lb/hr
0.14 g/BHP-Hr 0.139 g/BHP-Hr 0.30 g/BHP-Hr

*/VOC 0.03 lb/hr 0.027 lb/hr 0.17 lb/hr
0.01 g/BHP-Hr 0.005 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr

GE 1365 11/21/23 */NOX 0.07 lb/hr 0.067 lb/hr 0.83 lb/hr
0.01 g/BHP-Hr 0.014 g/BHP-Hr 0.15 g/BHP-Hr

*/CO 0.08 lb/hr 0.085 lb/hr 1.65 lb/hr
0.02 g/BHP-Hr 0.017 g/BHP-Hr 0.30 g/BHP-Hr

*/VOC 0.02 lb/hr 0.02 lb/hr 0.17 lb/hr
0.004 g/BHP-Hr 0.004 g/BHP-Hr 0.03 g/BHP-Hr

*ASTM D6348-03

DEVIATIONS: No deviations were noted.

CONCLUSION: The stack test report appears to be acceptable with the additional Technical
Response information received March 22, 2024, and March 28, 2024, regarding
the four engines tested by EES. These reports added missing and clarifying
information to the ASTM 6348 QA/QC data in the initial test reports.

RECOMMENDATION: GE Engines 1251, 1254, 1283, 1318, 1358, 1361, 1362, 1363, 1364, and 1365
should be considered to have been in compliance with the NOx, CO, and VOC
applicable emissions limits at the time of testing.

HPV: No.

ATTACHMENT: Crusoe Energy Systems emissions testing report received December 11, 2023
Technical Response worksheets received from EES on March 22, 2024
Technical Response worksheets received from EES on March 28, 2024
DAQ generated excel spreadsheets

ENVIRONMENTAL OI,IAUTY
December 7,2023
Harold Burge
Utah Division of Air Quality
PO Box 144820
Salt Lake City, Utah 84114-4820
0EC 1 1 2U?3
DIVISION OF AIH QUALTTV
Subjecr Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc. Duchesne Data Center Power Station - Stack Test Reports
On behalf of Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc. (Crusoe Energy) please find attached the ten stack test reports for
the Waukesha9394 2,500 horsepower naturalgas generator engines. Below is a table summarizing the engines
along with their test dates.
Waukesha 9394GSI I 283 1469776 10124t2023
, WrS::lE ?l-e-4-G!l
Waukesha 9394GSl
t25 t t4s7259 t0t25t2023
t3t8 r 632554 10t2612073
1254 t453999 10t2712023
r 362 I 650569 nil3t2023
Should you have any questions or comments about these reports, please contact Kaitlin Meszaros by email at
[e-mail] or by phone at 63 l-245-0308.Thank you for your assistance in this matter.
Sincerely,
PINYON ENVIRONMENTAL ]NC.,
S/frr"' fuulff**
Kaitlin A Meszaros
Air Quality Specialist
Cc: Michael Duplantis, Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc.
@l ENCINO
ENVIRON M ENTAL
S E RVIC ES
Collaboration. lnnovation. Optimization.il
ErvussroNs Tesr Rrponr
Regulation(s): 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ
Pollutant(s): NOa CO, and VOCs
PROJECT: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
Crusoe Energy Systeffis, lnc
Facility: Snapper Facility
DUCHESNE COUNTY, UTAH
DATE: DECEMBER 6,2023
DOC N0.: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
TEST DATE: 1012412023
Emisslons Source: Waukesha 9394GSl
Spark-lgnlted Stationary Englne
Unit Number: 1283
Regulated Entity Number (RN):
Englne Serlal Number: 1 46977 6
Crusoe Enerry Systems, lnc Contact Namq Mlchael Duplantls
Phone: [phone]
Encino Environmental Services, LLC
20302ParkRow Dr, Suite 1200
Katy, Texas 77449
Telephone: [phone]
Emai l: [e-mail]
www.encinoenviron.com
Copyrighto 2023
UTAH DEPARTMENI'OF
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALiTY
D[U '1 i ii23
DIYISION OF AIR QUALITV
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date:December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
4
4.1
5
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Documenr: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
8
9
9.1
F!GURES
Figure 1 - Sampling System Schematic
Figure 2 - Engine-specific Photographs
Figure 3 - Peak Signal lntensity and Analysis (Quality Analysis)
Figure 4 - Minimum Detection Limits
Figure 5 - FuelAnalysis
Oxygen Analyzer.... .....19
FTIR Ana1y2er................ ................. 19
Gas DiluterValidation.. ..................19
Sampling System....... ....................20
Calibration Gases .......20
FTIR DATA VALIDATTON .............. ...............21
Minimum Detection Limits (MDL) ...................21
Calibration Transfer Standard and System Purge ............21
Dynamic Spiking and Recovery............... ........21
Review of Test Methodologies and Spectral Data Va|idation................................22
Quality Mana9ement............... ......23
EMISSIONS CALCULATIONS......... ..............24
Emission Rates ...........24
FuelAnalysis................ ..................24
Engine Performance Data........ -....24
RAW DATA ...............25
QUALIFICATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS ............26
ASTM Method D7036-04... ............26
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
TABLES
Table 1 - Summary of Test Results
Table 2 - Emissions Source Operational Data
Table 3 - Oxygen Analyzer Calibration and Bias
Table 4 - Gas Diluter Calibration
Table 5 - Calibration Transfer Standard
Table 6 - ASTM Method D6348-03 - Annex 5 Analyte Spiking Technique
Table 7 - EPA Method 19 Fuel Factor Calculations
Table 8 - EPA Method 19 Emission Rate Calculations
Table 9 - EPA Method 19 FuelComposition
APPENDICES
Appendix A - Single Point Sampling Regulatory Justification
Appendix B - Manufacturer Engine Data Sheet
Appendix C - Field Data Sheets and Communications
Appendix D - Gas Diluter Validation Certificate
Appendix E - Gas Cylinder Certificates
Appendix F - Engine Performance Data
AppendixG-RawData
Appendix H - Resumes of Key Environmental Professionals
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date:December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
ABBREVIATIONS
23LB
45LB
,.+SRB
AETB
AMSL
ASTM
BACT
bhp
BSFCr-xv
Btu
CFR
CHr
cl
co
COz
CTS
DAS
DGB
DOM
EPA
F-Factor
FTIR
HAP(s)
HCHO
tcE
LAC
LDEQ
LELAP
LNz
M
MACT
Two Stroke Lean Burn
Four Stroke Lean Burn
Four Stroke Rich Burn
Air-Emissions Testing Body
Above Mean Sea Level
American Society of Testing and Materials
Best Available Control Technology
Brake Horsepower
BrakeSpecific Fuel Consumption Based on LHV
British Thermal Units
Code of Federal Regulations
Methane
Compression lgnition
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon Dioxide
Calibration Transfer Standard
Data Acquisition System
Dynamic Gas Blending
Date of Manufacture
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Fuel Factor
Fourier-Transform lnfrared
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Formaldehyde
lnternal Combustion Engine
Louisiana Administrative Code
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality
Louisiana Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program
Liquid Nitrogen
Thousand
Maximum Achievable Control Technology
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Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
MCT
MDEQ
MDC
MDL
MM
Mercury Cadmium Telluride
Mississippi Department of Environmental QualiU
Minimum Detectable Concentrations
Minimum Detection Limit
Million
MMBtu Million (MM) British Thermal Units
Nz Nitrogen
NDDEQ North Dakota Department of Environmental Quality
NEA Noise Equivalent Absorbance
NESHAP(S) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
NIST National lnstitute of Standards and Technology
NMED-AQB New Mexico Environment Department - Air Quality Bureau
NMHC Non-Methane Hydrocarbon
NOx Nitrogen Oxides
NRSP Non-Rule Standard
NSPS New Source Performance Standards
Oz Orygen
ODEQ Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality
PBR Permit By Rule
RACT Reasonably Achievable Control Technology
RICE Reciprocating lnternal Combustion Engine
Sl Spark lgnited
SOz Sulfur Dioxide
spm Scan Per Minute
STP Standard Temperature and Pressure
TAC Texas Administrative Code
TCEQ Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
THC Total Hydrocarbons
TISMC The lntemational Standard Metric Conditions
VOC Volatile Organic Compound
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KEY DEFINITIONS
Brake Horsepower (BHP)
Centroidal Area
Compression lgnition (Cl)
Concentration Adjustment
Gas Turbine
Fourier-Transform lnfrared (FTIR)
Horsepower (HP)
ldeal Gas Law
lnternal Combustion Engine (lCE)
Linearity
Mass-Rate
"Shaft Horsepowed - the actual horsepower of an engine, usually determined
from the force exerted on a friction brake or dynamometer connected to the
driveshaft.
The central area of the stack or duct that is no greater than one percent (1 %)
of the stack or duct cross section. The area has the same geometric shape
as the stack or duct1.
Relating to a type of stationary internal combustion engine that is not a spark
ignition engine.
Emission limits outlined in air quality programs (New Source Performance
Standards, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants) are
expressed at a given oxygen concentration, which require that pollutant
concentrations measured in the stack are adjusted or corrected to the
appropriate oxygen level.
Pollutant concentrations for boilers, heaters, and ovens are generally
corrected to three percent (3%) orygen, whereas engine and turbine pollutant
concentrations are corrected to fifteen percent (1 5%) orygen.
'Combustion turbines", are used in a broad scope of applications including
electric power generation, cogeneration, natural gas transmission, and various
process applications. Gas turbines are available with power outputs ranging
from three hundred horsepower (300 hp) to overtwo-hundred and sixty-eight
thousand horsepower (268,000 hp), with an average size of forty-thousand,
two-hundred horsepower (40,200 hp)2. The primary fuels used in gas turbines
are natural gas and distillate (No. 2) fuel oils.
An internal combustion engine that operates with rotary rather than
reciprocating motion.
A technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of
a solid, liquid, or gas.
A unit of measurement of power (the rate at which work is done).
'General Gas Equation" - equation of state of a hypothetical gas.
A heat engine in which the combustion that generates the heat takes place
inside the engine proper.
The property of a mathematical relationship or function which means that it
can be graphically represented as a straight line.
The rate of discharge of a pollutant expressed as weight per unit time.
t EPA Method 7E - Determination of Nitrogen oxides Emissions From Stationary Sources (lnstrumental Analfzer Procedure)
2 CC Shih, et ar., Emissions Assessment of Conventional gationary Combustion Systemq VoL ll: lntenal Cornbustion Sourceq EPA-600/7-79-029C, US
Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, February 1 979.
3 Final Repul - Gas Turbine Emission MeasurementPrcg/,am, GASLTR787, GeneralApplied Science Laboratories, Westbury, NY August '1974.
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date:December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
Minimum Detection Limit (MDL)
Programmable
(PLc)
Sample Probe
Logic Controller
Spark lgnition (Sl)
Spike
Spiked Sample
Stationary Reciprocating lnternal
Combustion Engine (RICE)
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
"Method Detection Limit" - the minimum concentration of a substance that
can be measured and reported within ninety-nine percent (99%) confidence
that the analyte concentration is greater than zero (>0) and is determined from
analysis of a sample in a given matrix containingthe analytea. lnterchangeable
with MDC.
An industrial digital computer which has been ruggedized and adapted for
control of processes (parametric monitoring) or other activities that requires
a high degree of reliability, ease of programming, and process fault diagnosis.
Glass, stainless steel, or other approved material of sufficient length to
traverse sample pointsl; exhaust gas interface.
Relating to either: A gasoline-fueled engine; or any othertype of engine a spark
plug (or other sparking device) and with operating characteristics significantly
similar to the theoretical "Otto" combustion cycle. Spark ignition engines
usually use a throttle to regulate intake air flow to control power during normal
operations. Dual-fuel engines in which a liquid fuel (typically diesel fuel) is
used for Cl and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel
at an annual average ratio of less than two parts diesel fuel to one hundred
parts total fuel (< 2 parts diesel to 1 00 parts total fuel) on an energy equivalent
basis are spark ignition engines.
A known mass (concentration) of target analyte added to a blank sample or
subsample; used to determine recovery efficiency or for other quality control
purposess.
A sample prepared by adding a known mass (concentration) of target analyte
to a specified amount of matrix sample for which an independent estimate or
target analyte concentration is available - used to determine the effect of the
matrix on a method's recovery efficiencys.
Any internal combustion engine, except combustion turbines, that converts
heat energy into mechanical work and is not mobile.
Any compound of carbon, excluding carbon monoxide (C0), carbon dioxide
(COz), carbonic acid (HzCO3), and metallic carbides or carbonates, and
ammonium carbonate ((NHr)zcOe) which participates in atmospheric
photochemical reactions 6.
1 40 CFR Appendix B to Part 1 36
5 Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program; QA Glossary of Terms. United States Environmental Protection Agency.
6 Definition pursuant to 40 CFR Part 51, $51 -1 00(s) (as of October 30, 201 4); Federal Registry Standards / vol. 73, Friday, January 'l 8, 2008 / Rules and
Regulations.
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Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
ABBREVIATED UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
atm
BSFCr-nv
'c
ccm
cm{
.F
GWP
HHV
hp
g Gram
g/bhp-hr Grams Per Brake Horsepower Per Hour
Standard Atmosphere
(See Abbreviations) Expressed as Btu/bhp-hr
Degrees Celsius
Cubic Centimeters Per Minute
Reciprocal Centimeter
Degrees Fahrenheit
Global Warming Potential
Higher Heating Value; Btu/scf
Horsepower
Kilopascal
Pound(s)
kPa
tb
lb/hr Pounds Per Hour
lb/MMBtu Pounds Per Million British Thermal Units
LHV Lower Heating Value; Btu/scf
LPH Liters Per Hour
LPM Liters Per Minute
ppb Parts Per Billion
ppm Parts Per Million
ppm"d Parts Per Million by Volume - Dry Basis
psi Pounds PerSquare lnch
psiaus Pounds Per Square lnch - Absolute
psig Pounds Per Square lnch - Gauge
scf Standard Cubic Foot (Feet)
scfh Standard Cubic Foot (Feet) Per Hour
scfm Standard Cubic Foot (Feet) Per Minute
torr A unit of pressure used in measuring partial vacuums, equal to 133.32 Pascals
tpy Ton PerYear
vol Volume
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Document EM-23-1582{01 REV 0
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date:December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
STATEMENT OF BASIS
On10/24/2023, Encino Environmentalservices, LLC, (henceforth "Encino") was commissioned by
Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc to perform an emissions compliance test on a 2500-hp Waukesha
generator stationary engine designated as unit number 1283.
The internal combustion stationary engine is located at the Snapper Facility in Duchesne County,
Utah. The geographic coordinates for the facility are 40.263580 & -1 10.1201 10 (approximate).
Sampling and analytical procedures employed during the performance test were pursuant to Forty
Code of Federal Regulations (henceforth "40 CFR) Part 60, Appendix A and American Society for
Testing and Materials (henceforth "ASTM") methodsT. The primary objective of the test program
was to determine actual emissions of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) from unit number 1283 and to verify compliance with the emissions
parameters of 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ.
Deviations from methods in this testing program may include single-point sampling (centroidal
area). This is a common practice with an established precedence when sampling stationary
engine exhaust due to safety concerns. Supporting documentation in the form of a Sing/e Potnt
Sampling Regulatory Justification Correspondence is included in Appendix A.
Prior to the sampling program (test project), a stratification test was performed at the test site to
determine the appropriate number of sample traverse points. The sample probe was used to
measure concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx) at three (3) points on a line passing through the
centroidal area at sixteen and seven tenths' percent (16.70y"), fifty percent (50.007"), and eighty-
three and three tenths' percent (83.30%) of the measurement line. lf concentrations of NOx at
each traverse point did not differ from the mean concentration for alltraverse points by no more
than (a) t5.00 percent (15.00%) of the mean concentration; or (b) 10.50 ppm,d (whichever is less
restrictive), the gas stream is deemed unstratified, and sample measurements for the test project
were extracted from a single point - from a position that closely matches the mean
concentrationse.
Typically, this method is used with two types of pollution instrumentation - single, or in tandem
to determine stratification (instrumental analyzer and/or FT-lR).
7 ASTM Methods lncorporated by Reference (lBR).
8 EPA Method 1 (or EPA Merhod 1A) - Sample and Velocity Traverses for Stationary Sources
e EPA Method 7E - Determination of Nitrogen Oxides Emissions from Stationary Sources (lnstrumental Analyzer Procedure; Section
8.1.2 Determination of Stratification).
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
lf the stack effluent is observed to be then a muhi-point'rake'probe was used with
orifices located at sixteen and seven tenths'(15.70%), fifty percent (50.00%), and eighty-
three and three tenths'percent (83.30%) of the
Michae! Duplatis of Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc facility operations during the test and
provided supporting data such as the fuel-gas and permit infonnation.
No major deviations or problems occurred the emission test program.
10 Table 2 to lo CFR Part 60 $bpart JJJJ - Requlrements for
s60.4244.
Tests; demonstratlng compliance in accordance with
linelo
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date:December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
CERTIFICATION STATEMENT
I certifythatto the best of my knowledge:
. Encino Environmental Services, LLC conducted the collection, analysis, and reduction of all
samples.,'
. Ihis report reflects the results of the testrng conducted on 10/24/2023 and has not been
altered, enhanced, or biased in any manner.;
. Encino Environmental Services, LLC collected and reponed the enclosed data in accordance
with procedures and quality assurance activities described,n this test report;
. Encino Environmental Services, LLC makes no warranty as to the suitability of the test
methods.; and
. Encino Environmental Services, LLC assumes no liability related to the interpretation and use
of this data.
KuloZil<P{
Richard Ziker
Emissions Tech I
Etcino Environmental Services, LLC
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
QUALITY ASSURANCE CERTIFICATION STATEMENT
The Air Emission Testing Bodyl1 (AETB) should deliver data of known and documented quality on
a consistent basis regardless of the test method used.
I certify that to fhe best of my knowledge:
. Iest data and all corresponding information has been evaluated for accuracy and
comp/eteness.;
' Sampling and analyses have been conducted in accordance with the approved protocol.; and
reference methods;and
' Alldeviations, method modifications, method deviations, sampling procedures, and analytical
anomalies are summarized inthe repoft.
w*?rys*tz*
Tiffany Joling-Simon
North District Manager
Encino Environmental Services, IIC
11 ASTM Method D7036-16 - Standard Practice for Competence of Air Emission Testing Bodies; establishes general criteria for a
Quality System that, when followed, assures consistently acceptable data quality from an AETB.
Page 4
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
STATEMENT OF RECEIPT AND ACCEPTANCE
By signing this statemenl I acknowledge that I have received the emissions test report for the
Snapper Faciltg Unit No. 1283; an emissions performance test conducted on 10/24/2023. I have
been provided with the opportuntty to read and comment on the data contained in:
Document No.: EM-23-1 582-0U RAI 0.
I hereby ceftify that I have personally examined the data and information contained herein. Based
on my inguiries of the individuals immediately responsible for collecting the data associated with
this project, I believe the contents of this report deliverable to be true, accurate, and complete to the
best of my knowledge.
Signature of Company Representative (Client)
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Emissions Test Report
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1 SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS
The final emissions results (detailed) of the testing event are presented in Table 7 and compare
requirements, provisions, and allowances of the applicable governing regulations and standards.
The table below provides a summary of the mass emission rates and pollutant concentrations
(adjusted) from the testing eventl2:
Emissions Summary
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of the emissions test is to meet the standards of performance for stationary spark
ignition reciprocating internal combustion engines (henceforth "Sl-RlCE") and the emissions
limitations and testing requirements for RICE (engines) with a brake horsepower rating greater
than 100-hp per 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ (>500-hp for general State Compliance obligations).
1.2 Detailed Scope of Work
Encino conducted the following scope of work for the emissions test:
. Configured sampling system;
. Validated engine data from manufacturer nameplate;
o Recorded weather data;
. Recorded fuel meter readings and operational data;
. Affixed sample probe to exhaust stack;
. Performed stratification analysis of the exhaust stack;
. Performed sampling system calibration, bias, and quality analysis;
. Conducted three (3), sixty-minute (60-min) test analyses ("runs");
r Validated spectral data and test methods;and
. Compiled emissions test data and final report.
12 Regulatory and/or permitted emissions are represented on both a mass-rate basis and in parts per million (by volume; dry) basis
adjusted to fifteen percent (15%) orygen (engine and turbines) and three percent (3%) orygen for boilers, heaters, ovens, and other
external combustion equipment. These representations demonstrate compliance with regulatory and/or permitted rates based on two
(2) mechanisms of data analysis and fulfill compliance objectives by representing emissions data in multiple formats as required (and
allowed) by the Program Administrator.
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1.3 Assumptions
No assumptions have been made regarding any source operationalconditions/parameters which
may exist at the location.
1.4 Special Terms and Conditions
This report has been prepared in accordance with the Proposal for Air Emissions Testing Services
and generally accepted environmental methodologies referred in 40 CFR and contains all the
limitations inherent within (methodologies).
The engine located at the Snapper Facility was "tested as found"13. This emissions test cannot
wholly eliminate uncertainty regarding the source's performance before or after the test was
performed. No other warranties, expressed or implied, are made as to the professional services
provided under the terms of our agreement and included in this report.
1.5 RegulatoryStatement
At least thirty to sixty days (30 - 60 days) prior to the Emissions Performance Test for the source
described in Document No.: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0, an Emissions Performance Test Notification
was submitted to the appropriate Agency (Administrator) in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60
Subpart JJJJ and the requirements/provisions outlined in 40 CFR 560.8 - Performance Testsla.
lf the Emissions Performance Test described in Document No.: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0 was
postponed, rescheduled, or delayed due to operational issues or inclement weather, the
appropriate Agency has been provided with a retest notification at /east seven days (7 days) prior
to the new proposed test date.
Each Emissions Performance Test Notification - provided to the appropriate Agency, includes the
following (at a minimum):
o Name of Emissions Testing Laboratory (firm);
o Date of pretest meeting (if required);
. Description of instruments, analyzers, and equipment to be utilized;
. Description of methods and procedures to be utilized during sampling;
13 ln accordance with 40 CFR $60.8(c) - Performance tests shall be conducted under such conditions as the Administrator shall specify
to the plant operator based on representative performance of the affected facility. The owner or operator shall make available to the
Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of the performance tests. Operations during periods of
startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative conditions for the purpose of a performance test nor shall
emissions in excess of the level of the applicable emission limit during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction be considered
a violation of the applicable emission limit unless otherwise specified in the applicable standard.
1140 CFR 560.8(d)
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. Procedures to determine operating rates and/or other relevant parameters during the
sampling period;
. Parameters and key data points to be documented during the sampling event (emissions
test); and
. Proposed deviations to the prescribed sampling methods.
Therefore, the Agency has been provided with the opportunity to comment on the proposed
methods, procedures, instruments, and practices which demonstrate compliance with 40 CFR
Part 60 Subpart JJJJ - prior to the testing of this source (Document No.: EM-23-1 582-001 REV 0).
lf a response was not provided to either Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc or Encino Environmental
Services, LLC, the source was tested in accordance with the both the Emissions Performance Test
Notification and testing requirements listed in 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ.
A copy and transmittal (including shipment tracking and receipt confirmation) of the Emissions
Performance Test notification submitted for this project is located in Appendix C of this document.
For all other inquiries pertaining to the contents of this report, contact:
Encino Environmental Services, LLG
Attn: Operational Support
20302 Park Row Dr, Suite 1200
Katy, Texas 77449
Office:281.201.3544
Electronic Mail (email): [e-mail]
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2 SAMPLING SYSTEM
The sampling and analysis system and the appliance for exhaust interface utilized during the test
program is shown inFigure 1 andFigure 2 of this report. Detection principles of the analyzers can
be located throughout this report.
Hot and water-rich effluent (contextual-gaseous mixture) gas was extracted from the exit stack
(exhaust) of the muffler/catalyst/stack housing on the unit through a single point or multi-point
sample probe located on a line passing through the centroidal area meeting distance
requirements of 40 CFR Part 60, United States Environmental Protection Agency (henceforth
"EPA") Method 1 (or EPA Method 1A), and EPA MethodTE. A shepherds-hook stainless steel
probe (or multi-point sample probe; stratification test notwithstanding) three-eighths of an inch
(3/8) in diameter was connected to a heated sample line by a wrapped three-way (3-way) bias
sample valve. The gas was transported to the mobile laboratory by a heated line - maintained at
a temperature of exactly one-hundred and ninety-one degrees Celsius (191'C; approximately
376'F). A heated pump and flow meter maintained a constant flow of five liters per minute (5
LPM) of effluent gas to the MKS Multigas* 2030 FTIR analyzer.
The effluent gas sample was analyzed for target constituents, and raw data was captured within
a data acquisition system (henceforth "DAS"1't. Upon exiting the analyzer, a portion of the sample
was directed to a peristaltic pump (sample dryer and conditioner) where water was removed. The
gas was then routed to the oxygen analyzer where the concentration was measured on a dry basis
using paramagnetic technology (percentu,y; %ary).
2.1 lnstrument Specifications
Description:
Manufacturer:
Model:
Serial Number:
Technology Type:
Range:
Reproducibility:
Accuracy (post calibration):
Response Time (90% FSD):
Descrlption:
Manufacturer:
Oxygen Analyzer
M&C
PMA1 OOOL
21 0982$020{ 9060031
paramagnetic
0-25%
Analogue=<1%ofspan
Digital = +/- 0.1 vol. % Oz
Analogue signal output = +/-1 % of span at range 3-1 00%
Digital indicator = +/-0.1 vol. % Oz
< 3 seconds at 60 l/hr
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Aralyzer
MAX Analtytical
ls Encino Environmental Services lnc. uses Em0ollect* Advanced Data Acquisition Software (proprietary) to comply with method-
appropriate sample analysis and data collection procedures.
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Model:
Serial Number:
Technology Type:
Range:
Spectral Resolution:
Scan Speed:
Detector Type:
MAX.IR
00398
FTIR Spectrometry
Between 1 0 ppb and 1 00 ppb full-scale
0.5 - 128 cmr
1 scan/second @ 0.5 cm{
LNz - cooled MCT
2.2 Data Acquisition System (DAS)
All raw test data was captured and recorded on the DAS and collected during the Test Project -
stylized/formatted to adhere to the report criteria/standards outlined in 40 CFR 560.8 -
Pertormance lests, in addition to the requirements prescribed by each Method (EPA and/or
ASTM).
EmCollect* is an advanced DAS that integrates sampling system instruments with individual
software platforms and merges analog output and digital systems into a single electronic
application with functionally embedded ASTM and EPA prescribed methodologies relevant to the
testing project. The DAS and integrated equipment satisfy quality control and quality assurance
objectives (henceforth "QC/QA") through automated system performance evaluation, calibration
error analysis, (dynamic) spike recovery and bias scrutiny - which maximizes data integrity while
minimizing margin error.
ln addition to system performance criteria/standards listed above, EmCollect'includes source-
specific input data (e.9., acquired field data; fuel details, ambient conditions, unit operation, etc.)
coupled with a library of method procedures and calculations to produce real-time mass emission
rates - which are used to compared measured results with permit and/or regulatory limits. The
data is compiled into a single EmDat electronic file and encoded with a digital transcript which
includes all data acquisition and project transactional records (data input).
$lEmReport @
|4I,J,EUAflgA^L
EmCollect'
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3 TEST PROCEDURES
3.1 EPA Method 1
Sample and Velocity lraverses for Stationary Sources
The purpose of EPA Method 1 is to provide guidance for the selection of sampling ports and
traverse points at which sampling for air pollutants will be performed pursuant to the regulations
set forth in the Part. Two (2) procedures are presented:
r A simplified procedure (EPA Method 1 Section 11.5);and
. An alternative procedure.
The magnitude of cyclonic flow of effluent gas rn a stack or duct is the only parameter quantitatively
measured in the simplified procedure.
Method Limitations
EPA Method 1 is applicable to gas streams flowing in ducts, stacks, and flues. The method cannot
be used when the following conditions/circumstances exist:
1) The flow is cyclonic or swirling;or
2) A stack is smaller than 0.30 meters (12 inches) in diameter, or 0.071 m2 (113.000 in2) in
cross-sectional area.
ln accordance with EPA Method 1 Section 11.1.1 - Sampling and/or velocity measurements are
performed at a site located at least eight stack or duct diameters downstream and two diameters
upstream from any flow disturbance such as a bend, expansion, or contraction in the stack, or
from a visible flame. lf necessary, an alternative location may be selected, at a position at least
two stack or duct diameters downstream and a half diameter upstream from any flow disturbance.
The simplified procedure cannot be utilized when the rneasurement site is less than two (2) stack or
duct diameters downstream or less than a half (1/2) diameter upstream from a flow disturbance.lo
3.2 EPA Method 1A
Sample and Velocity lraverces for Stationary Sources with Small Stacks or Ducts
The applicability and principle of this method are identicalto EPA Method 1, except its applicability
is limited to stacks or ducts. This method is applicable to flowing gas streams in ducts, stacks,
and flues of less that approximately 0.30 meter (12 in) in diameter, or 0.071 square meters (0.071
16 Pursuant to 'Guideline for Determination of Good Engineering Practice Stack Height' (Technical Support Document for Stack Height
Regulations); United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards; Document No.: EPA-
450/4-8G23R June 1 985, Page 1 3 - Examination of the published sketches shows the cavity to extend from the ground veftically to
about 1.5 times the height of the building; building height may vary.
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m') (113 in2) in cross-sectional area, but equal to or greater than about 0.10 meter (a in) in
diameter (>0.10 m; 4 in), or 0.0081 m2 (12.57 in2) in cross-sectional area.
This method cannot be used when the flow is cyclonic or swirling.
3.3 EPA Method 2
Determination of Stack Gas Velocity and Volum*ic Flow Rate (Type S Pitot Tube)
EPA Method 2 is applicable for the determination of the average velocity and volumetric flow rate
of a gas stream;typically utilized to obtain exhaust flow rates (post combustion) in stacks.
Method Limitations
EPA Method 2 is not applicable at measurement sites that fail to meet the criteria of EPA Method 1,
section 11.1.1 (measurement site as a function of 'stack diameter'distances). Additionally, the
method cannot be utilized for direct measurement in cyclonic or swirling flow conditions.
When unacceptable conditions exist, alternative procedures, subject to the approval of the
Administrator, must be employed to produce accurate flow rate determinations. Examples of
such alternative procedures are:
1) To install straightening vanes;
2) To calculate the totalvolumetric flow rate stoichiometrically;or
3) Move to another measurement site at which the flow is acceptable.
3.4 EPA Method 2A
Direct Measurement of Gas Volume Through Pipes and Small Ducts
This method is applicable for the determination of gas flow rates in pipes and small ducts, either
in-line or at exhaust positions, within the temperature range of 0 to 50 'C (32 lo 122"F).
3.5 EPA Method 2C
Determination of Gas Velocity and Volumetric Flow Rate in Small Stacks or Ducts (Standad Pitot
Tube)
This method is applicable for the determination of average velocity and volumetric flow rate of
gas streams in small stacks or ducts. Lrmits on the applicability of this method are identicalto those
set forth in Method Z Section 7.0, except that this method is limited to stationary source stacks or
ducts less than about 0.30 meter (12 in) in diameter, or 0.071 m2 (1 13 in2) in cross sectional area,
but equal to or greater than about 0.10 meter ( in) (>0.10 m;4 in) in diameter, or 0.0081 m2 (12.57
in2) in cross-sectional area.
3.6 EPA Method 2D
Measurement of Gas Volume Florv Rates in Small Pipes and Ducts
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EPA Method 2D is applicable for the determination of the volumetric flow rates of gas streams in
small pipes and ducts; can be applied to intermittent or variable gas flows only with caution.
Allthe gas flow in the pipe or duct is directed through rotameter, orifice plate, or similar device to
measure flow rate or pressure drop. The device has been previously calibrated in a manner that
ensures proper calibration for the gas being measured. Absolute temperature and pressure
measurements are made to allow correction of volumetric flow rates to standard conditions.
In most testing programs, EPA Method 2D is used on inlet fuel piping to derive fuel flow (Qr) to
calculate the total volumetric flow rate stoichiometrically.
For Sl-RICE Engines (gas-fired turbines notwithstanding) the following appurtenances are utilized
to comply with the measurement standards outlined in EPA Method 2D:
. Fuel-flow data recorded by "stock" meters (where available);
. Determined algorithmically utilizing a programmable logic controller (PLC);or
o Differential pressure measurements across an orifice plate.
3.7 EPA Reference Method 3A
Determination of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Concentrations rn Emrcsions from Stationary Sources
Oxygen (Oz) concentrations are determined instrumentally by EPA Reference Method 3A. The
M&C Products Model PMA22 paramagnetic analyzer receives conditioned effluent gas (dry);the
analyzer registers output signals (measurements) and which are automatically recorded on the
DAS. All raw data can be viewed in Appendix G of this report.
Oxygen is a paramagnetic gas, which means that it is attracted by a magnetic field. This magnetic
susceptibility is much greater than that of most other gas molecules and is ideal for determining
the level of oxygen in contextual gas mixtures propagated through combustion.
The paramagnetic sensor is a cylindrical-shaped container with a small glass "dumbbell" located
inside. The dumbbell is filled with an inert gas and hangs on a suspended platinum wire within a
non-uniform magnetic field. When a sample gas containing oxygen is processed through the
sensor, the oxygen molecules are attracted to the stronger of the two (2) magnetic fields. This
causes a displacement of the dumbbell which results in a rotational effect. When a gas flows
through the paramagnetic oxygen sensor, oxygen molecules are attracted to the stronger areas
of the magnetic field, causing the dumbbellto rotate.
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ln the M&C Products PMA22, an opposing current is applied to restore the dumbbell to its normal
position. The current required to maintain the dumbbell in its normalstate is directly proportional
to the partial pressure of orygen and is represented electronically in percenl (y.)17.
3.8 EPA Reference Method 7E (by pro)ry)
NOx lnstrumental (Referance Procedure for EPA Reference Method 3A and Data Collection)
EPA Reference Method 3A, Analysis of Oxygen Content in the Effluent Gas Sample, references
EPA Reference Method TEfor general requirements to properly collect and format data. 40 CFR
Part 60 EPA Method 7E, describes how to determine appropriate sample points, conduct initial
system measurements, interference analyses, sample collection, post-run system bias and drift
assessment, calibration and standardization, QC/QA procedures, and system performance
evaluations.
ln accordance with EPA Method 7E Section 16.1 - Dynamic Sprke Procedure, a dynamic spiking
procedure was used to validate test data (for all taryet constituents) in place of the interference
analyses and pre- and post- run system bias analyses;where applicablels.
3.9 EPA Method 19
Determination of Sulfur Dioxide Removal Efficiency and Particulate Malter, Sulfur Dioxide, and
Nitrogen Oxide Emission Rates
EPA Method 19 is utilized to determine pollutant emission rates from the exhaust of the engine
unit. The oxygen concentration and F-factor (ratio of combustion gas volumes to heat inputs)
which is represented in units of dry standard cubic feet per million British Thermal Units
(DSCF/MMBTU) are used to determine exhaust flow rates. The client furnished Encino with an
application-specific (source) fuel-gas analysis, which was used to determine fuel caloric value.
Adjusted oxygen measurements were used with gross fuel caloric value to determine the orygen
supported Fuel-factor on a dry basis.
Molecular constituency from the most recent fuel-gas sample was applied to the formulae
outlined in EPA Method 19; the output of these calculations is located in laDle 7 - Fuel Factor
Calculations, Iable 8 - Emission Rate Calculations, and Table 9 - EPA Method 19 Fuel Composition
of this document.
17 Partial Pressure: notional pressure of the constituent gas if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same
temperature; measurement of thermodynamic activity of the gas's molecules. Charles Henrickson (2005). Chemistry.
18 Where applicable; the Dynamic Spike Procedure will be utilized in accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03 unless conditions arise
where a more stringent Dynamic Spike Procedure is necessary.
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3.10 EPA Method 205
Verification of Gas Dilution Systems for Field lnstrument Calibrations
A gas dilution system produces known low-level calibration gases from high-level calibration
gases, with a degree of confidence equalto that for EPA Protocol 1 gasesle. lt may be used for
compliance tests in lieu of multiple calibration gases when the gas dilution system is
demonstrated to meet the requirements of the prescribed method. EPA Method 205 verification
was completed in the field when the dilution concentrations were mixed and introduced to the
FTIR analyzer three (3) times to determine instrument response.
3.11 ASTM Method D6348-03
Standard Test Metfiod for Determination of Gaseous Compounds by Etrtnctive Direct lnterface
FourierTnnsfomr lnfrard Fnil Spectroscopy \
Fourier transform infrared (henceforth "FTIR) spectroscopy is a measurement technique for
collecting infrared spectra and in this program was utilized to gather data for oxides of nitrogen
(NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)20. !t works on the principle
that most gases absorb infrared light. The quantity of infrared light absorbed is proportionalto
the gas concentration of the constituents. The captured infrared spectrum represents a
"fingerprint" of the sample with absorption peaks which correspond to the frequencies of
movement between the bonds of each compound's atoms. Since each compound represents a
unique combination of atoms, no two (2) compounds produce identical absorption
characteristics. Therefore, infrared spectroscopy can identify each compound by comparing the
individual absorbency patterns to an established spectra library of known compounds.
Additionally, the size of the peaks in the spectrum is a direct indication of the amount of the target
constituent (compound or element) present.
The MKS Multigas" 2030 FTIR is configured with a fixed, effective optical path length of five and
eleven hundredths'rneters (5.11 m) (approximately 16.8 ft) and employs a helium-neon laser.
ln accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03, system response evaluations (system performance
"pre-analyses") were conducted prior to the test project. The instrument was configured to
analyze the sample at sixteen scans per minute (16 spm) to determine response time of the
optical cell to reach ninety-five percent (95%) of the known calibration value (ppm,d). ln the MKS
Multigas* - the optical cell is exactly one liter (1 L); therefore, the response time can be properly
le EPA Traceability Protocol for Assay and Certification of Gaseous Calibration Slandards; to provide analytical and statistical
procedures that may be used to establish N|ST-traceability for gaseous calibration standards.
20 ln accordance with 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ; S60.4245(d) - ASTM Method 06348-03 (incorporated by reference - see 40 CFR
60.17) to measure VOC require reporting of all QA/QC data (Annexes 1-7). Table 4 to Subpart ZZZZ ol Part 63 - Requirements for
Performance Tests.
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determined at a flow rate of (between) five and seven and a half liters per minute (5.00 LPM -
7.50 LPM; optics cell volume).
All FTIR data was collected at a spatial frequency between five-tenths and one reciprocal
centimeter (0.5 - 1.0 cm{) resolution. Each spectrum was derived from the average of sixty (60)
scans. Data was collected continuously for each test, with a new data point generated every sixty
(60) seconds.
3.12 Discussion
ln accordance with 40 CFR $60.8(c)21 - Performance tests shall be conducted under such
conditions as the Administrator shall specify to the plant operator based on representative
performance of fie affected facility. The owner or operator shall make available to the
Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of the performance
tests. Operations during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute
representative conditions for the purpose of a performance test nor shall emissions in excess of
the level of the applicable emission limit during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction be
considered a violation of the applicable emission limit unless otherwise specified in the applicable
standard.
The two (2) methods which apply to measurements relating to fuel flow (EPA Method 2A and EPA
Method 2D) require calibration and verification of the metering device. Both methods discuss
introducing representative gases at known flow rates to demonstrate compliance with the
tolerances listed in each procedure (under "representative" conditions). This may be
accomplished one of two ways:
o ln-situ: A dedicated fuel flow metering device is isolated from the primary fuel system and
gases of known constituency and flowrates are introduced inline of the piping circuitry; or
o Ex-situ: An independent flowmeter (test meter) is calibrated and verified while challenged
with known gases and flowrates - to be installed at some point in the primary fuel system.
ln either case, the SI-RICE source will be required to power down to a) perform calibration and
verification of the dedicated meter through isolation or b) to install the independent meter - once
verified. By utilizing any one of these methods, the source is potentially at risk of non-compliance;
pursuant to 40 CFR $60.8(c):
"Operations during periods of staftup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative
conditions forthe purpose of a performance test..."
" 40 CFR 560.8 - Performance tests.
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Startup and shutdown procedures for certain Upes of SI-RICE sources may include equilibrating
high-pressure systems (e.9., natural gas compression systems) to atmosphere. Typically, these
practices are limited to the allowances and thresholds outlined in the Air-Quality Authorization
(i.e., Air Permit) which governs the operation and performance of the S!-RICE source. ln this case,
the SI-RICE source must be "prepared" for shutdown to calibrate the inline flow meter or install the
independent meter. As such, any emissions from source preparation may exceed short-term
emission limits (of the Air Permit) and cause secondary pollutant impacts - particularly
greenhouse gases (henceforth "GHG") as natural gas (fuel gas) contains (predominantly)
methane (henceforth "CHa") possessing a globalwarming potential (henceforth "GWP") of atleast
27 times that of COz.
After the SI-RICE (in gas compression service) is started, the engine must cycle for up to six (6)
hours -depending upon transmission gas availability since gas is generally rerouted prior to shut
down. Additionally, engine tuning (post startup) may be required to adjust for fuel pressure,
ambient conditions, and other operational variables. Therefore, in some cases, satisfying the
conditions and requirements of each method (EPA Method 2A or EPA Method 2D) create
scenarios which are not representative of routine operating conditions.
ln accordance with 40 CFR S60.8(d), the Administrator has been provided at least thirty days (30-
days) prior notice of this performance testing regimen. Unless otherwise indicated, instructed,
and/or advised, the testing body utilized the protocol outlined in the corresponding notification
See Section 1.5.
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4 OPERATION DESCRIPT!ON
The Waukesha 9394GSl spark-ignited internal combustion stationary engine is fueled with natural
gas and is used in either gas-transmission service by driving a generator unit; stationary engine-
driven generator is used to increase pressure and continue the flow of natural gas to pipeline
pressure in order to supply the natural gas demand/distribution downstream or for electrical utility
generation to power a local microgrid. A copy of the stationary engine-specific manufacturer data
is included in Appendix B of this report.
Descriptions of the utility and application of the Waukesha 9394GSl spark-ignited is located in
Table 2 and Appendix C.
4.1 Operational Data
Operational data of the spark-ignited stationary engine was recorded during each sample run.
This data included the load (percent; %) at which the stationary engine ran during the test and
various factors that help determine and ensure mechanical integrity of the stationary engine -
such as oil pressure, manifold pressure, and revolutions per minute of the mechanical compressor
unit (voltage and amperage where applicable). A copy of the field data sheets is included in
Appendix C of this report. Emissions source operational data is located inTable 2 of this report.
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5 SAMPLING SYSTEM CALIBRATION DATA
Pursuant to the QC/QA requirements outlined in each method and incorporated in this test
program, quality assurance activities were undertaken priol during, and after each emissions
performance project. The following sections detail the QC/QA techniques and practices which
were rigorously followed during the testing program.
5.1 Oxygen Analyzer
The response of the oxygen analyzer was evaluated and adjusted in the field priorto the collection
of data via multipoint calibration. Oxygen analyzer calibration data - including error analysis and
bias corrections is located in lable 3 of this report.
5.2 FTIR Analyzer
Linearity of the FTIR instrument was analyzed by first adjusting the zero (0) and span responses
to zero nitrogen (O-Nz), and then to an upscale calibration gas in the range of expected
concentrations (of each target analyte)22.
ln accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010) Annex 6 (A6.1), the noise equivalent
absorbance (henceforth "NEA") was determined by flowing nitrogen (zero air) through the gas
sample cell while collecting a "background" spectrum (in succession). Line position was
determined by flowing nitrogen through the gas sample cell and acquiring a spectrum which, in-
turn, was used to determine the wavelength that corresponds to the maximum peak absorbance
(line position) of water vapor in the region of 1,918 cm{, or from 3,045 to 3,050 cm{ (or another
suitable spectral region that remains consistent)23. Additionally, the system resolution was
recorded and verified by flowing nitrogen through the gas sample cell and allowing equilibration
at sub-atmospheric pressure (approximately one hundred torr (100 torr)). An absorbance
spectrum was collected with a resolution at the one-half (1/2) width and the one-half (1/2)
maximum height of the water vapor lines in the region of 1,918 cm{ (or, from 3,045 to 3,050 cm{
or another suitable region that remains constant).
The instrument was then challenged with other calibration gases of known concentrations to
determine instrument response. A copy of instrument data displaying peak signal intensity and
analysis is represented by Figure 3.
5.3 Gas Diluter Validation
The dilution system was calibrated in accordance with EPA Method 205 to generate calibration
gases (analytes) where measured concentration values (ppm'd) are within two percent (12%) of
22 ASTM Method D6348-03 (201 0), Annex 4 (A4.5) - Required Pretest Procedures.
23 ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010), Annex 6 (A6.2) - Line Position.
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the of the predicted values. The predicted values were calculated based on the certified
concentrations of the supply gases and gas flow rates ("dilution factors") through the gas dilution
system (measured by rotametet'o). A copy of the field gas dilution system calibration report is
located inTable 4.
Pursuant to EPA Method 205, the gas dilution system has been calibrated, on a prescribed interval
using NIST-traceable primary flow standards with an uncertainty less than or equalto twenty-five
hundredth percent (s 0.257"). A copy of the factory gas dilution system validation certificate is
included in Appendix D of this report.
5.4 Sampling System
After each sample run, the analyzers were evaluated for zero (0) and span drift. The criterion for
acceptance verification; the instrument drift is no more than three percent (t3%) of the full-scale
response.
Absence of leaks in the sampling system was verified by a sampling system bias and performance
evaluation. The sampling system's integrity was tested by comparing the response of the
analyzers to the calibration gases which were introduced via two (2) paths:
1) Directly into the analyzer; and
2) Through the entire sample system, introduced at the probe.
Differences in instrument response by these two (2) methods is attributed to sampling system
bias. The criterion for acceptance is within five percent (157") of known values.
5.5 Calibration Gases
Gas mixtures were used that contained known concentrations of each target analyte as well as
other gases necessary to adhere to the ASTM Method D6348-03 sampling procedure. These
gases were produced and certified in accordance with "EPA Traceability Protocol for Assay and
Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards", September 1997, as amended August 25,1999,
EPA -600/R-97/121or more recent updates. Copies of gas cylinder certificates are included in
AppendixE.
24 A rotameter is a device that measures the volumetric flow rate of gae in a closed tube. R.C. Baker. Flow Measurement Handbook:
lndustrial Designs, Operating Principles, Performancg and Applications. (201 6) 790 pages.
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FTIR DATA VALIDATION
ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010) includes stringent compliance requirements and QC/QA
practices for Encino's Emissions Technicians and Operational Support Project Managers to follow
while collecting and analyzing test data.
6.1 Minimum Detection Limits (MDL)
Pretest requirements include establishing "best case" readings for a known contaminant and
comparing it to actual field conditions2s. Best case minimum detectable concentrations
(henceforth "MDC" or "MDL"; interchangeable)26 are based on system noise - excluding
interferences like water and methane vapor. lnstrument response for target constituents is
detailed in Figure 4 of this report.
6.2 Calibration Transfer Standard and System Purge
A calibration transfer standard (henceforth "CTS") was analyzed prior to, and after testing. The
concentrations determined for all calibration standards were within five percent (t5%) of the
certified value of each standard (certified concentration)27. Ethylene passed through the entire
system to validate response and ensure that it was leak-free from the sample interface location
(probe) to the FTIR instrument2s. A copy of the CTS report is included in Table 5. Nitrogen was
also purged through the sample system to ensure that it remained free from contaminants.
6.3 Dynamic Spiking and Recovery
Analyte dynamic spiking is performed prior to each test project to determine the system's ability
to quantitatively deliver measurements from the base of the sample interface location (probe) to
the FTIR, and to confirm the ability of the FTIR to quantify each analyte spike in the presence of
effluent gas.
The spiking gases contained a low concentration of sulfur hexafluoride (SFo) which was used in
the spiked sample to calculate the dilution factor (DF) of the spike; and thus, used to calculate the
2s ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010); Annex A2 - Determination of FTIR Measurement SJstem Minimum Detectable Concentrations
(MDC/MDL) and Overall Concentration Uncertainty.
26 Minimum Detection Limit (or level) is the minimum concentration that can be measured with 99% confidence that the value is above
zeto.
2i ASTM Method D6348{3; Section 1 1.3.4 Pre-Test Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)- Flow the calibration transfer standard gas
through the FTIR gas cell, Analyze the CTS gas and verify the results are within 5 % of the certified value.
28 ASTM Method D6348-03 (201 0) Annex A4 A4.5 - Conduct a system mechanical response time test by directing the CTS gas through
the entire sampling system including the primary particulate matter filter cartridge. The mechanical response time is the time required
forthegastoequilibratefullywithinthesamplingsystem. ltisafunctionofthelengthofthesampletransportline,thegascellvolume
(1 L), and the flowrate through the FTIR sample cell (5.00 LPM - 7.5 LPM). Reference Section 3.0.
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Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
concentration of the spike gases. The DF for all analyte spikes was less than one-to-ten (1:10).
All spike recoveries were within the ASTM Method D6348-03 Annex 5 allowance of thirg percent
(t30%) as listed tnTable 5 of this report2e.
ln instances where EPA Method 7E applies, the spike recoveries are validated within one hundred -
plus or minus ten percent (100%, !10%). Pre- aN post- sprke procedures will be documented if the
Reference Method (EPA Method 7E) was utilized.
6.4 Review of Test Methodologies and Spectral Data Validation
To verify compliance with ASTM Method 06348-03 fiandard lest Method for Determination of
Gaseous Compounds by Extractive Direct lntertace Fourier Transform (Fnil Spectroscopy the
following data validation steps were completed30,31:
1 . The Test Plan was reviewed to ensure that the recommended testing conditions were used
to collect the data (e.9., verified the correct testing intervals, requisite observations, and
samples) and that the temperature and pressure requirements were met.
2. The spectral data was reviewed to ensure that a background spectrum (instrument zero)
was obtained at the beginning of the testing program32.
3. Field calibration data for each target analyte as well as the CTS were reviewed for the
instrument to ensure that the results obtained from each measurement were within five
percent (t5%) of certified values.
4. Pretest and post-test data were evaluated to ensure that the CTS gases were used to
perform the instrument stability evaluations and that the results were within five percent
(t5%) of the certified values.
5. Dynamic spiking data were reviewed to ensure that each spiked compound was recovered
within thirty percent (t30%) of each certified value.
6. An inspection of water absorbency at a spatial absorbance of one-thousand, nine-hundred,
and eighteen reciprocal centimeters (1,918 cm-1) was conducted to evaluate line position
and line width (as a measure of resolution) of selected spectra.
2e ASTM Method D6348-03; Annex 5 - Analyte Spiking Technique.
30 The review of test methodologies and acquired data (spectral and other) is performed by a degreed environmental professional
(Environmental Scientist, Environmental Chemist, or Engineer) with a minimum of seven (7) years relevant experience and versed in
ASTM and EPA sampling protocol.
31 ASTM Method D6348-03; Annex I - Post Test Quality Assurance/Control Procedures.
32 ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010); Annex A6 - Determination of System Performance Parameters - Noise Equivalent Absorbance
(NEA), Line Position, and Detector Linearity.
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7. The sample spectrum was reviewed for each sample run; manual scaling was compared
to the calculated FTIR results.
6.5 Quality Management
The primary objective of this testing program is to provide the Regulated Entity and/or Regulatory
Agency with unaltered and unbiased environmental measurements and data collected, managed,
and distributed in a manner consistent with laboratory, requisite methodologies, and regulatory
policies/procedures.
Additionally, Encino maintains and strictly follows a three-phase (3-phase) Quallty Management
Plan/Process33 (henceforth "QMP) which details facilities, laboratory practices, methods,
personnel, and equipment necessary for meeting QC/QA objectives.
The policies and practices of QC/QA outlined in this report are set forth as minimum requirements.
Any additional measures required by a testing project are documented in Appendix C.
,sf,t%i}.'.r-r-,tlt
lU. , F!'%a"f
ss qualiU Management Plan (QMP); QMP-I$0048-001 REV 1.
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7 EMISSIONS CALCULATIONS
7.1 Emission Rates
Oxygen (Oz) concentrations (expressed in units of percent; %) and appropriate F-factors were used
to calculate pollutant emission rates from pollutant concentrations. EPA Method 19, Formula 19-
1, was used to derive the post-combustion exhaust flow rates - expressed in units of standard
cubic feet per hour (henceforth "SCFH") from diluent measurements (% Oz), fuel-gas analysis (site-
specific), and the heat input values ("R"; MMBTU/hr) obtained from the gas-spec lower and higher
heating values ("LHV" and "HHV"). EPA Method 19 fuel factor derivation and pollutant emission
rate calculations are included in Table 7 and TaHe 8 of this report (respectively).
7.2 FuelAnalysis
Michael Duplatis, EHS with Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc, supplied a site-specific fuelgas analysis
which was used to develop the EPA Method 19 Fuel Composition for method-approved emission
rate calculations. A copy of the customer-supplied analysis is included in Figure 5 of this report.
The EPA Method 19 FuelComposition can is located inTable9.
7.3 Engine Performance Data
Technical data regarding the performance and overall operation of the engine was supplied by the
manufacturer (Appendix B). A copy of the engine-specific data sheet is included in Appendix F-
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8 RAW DATA
Raw data was captured and recorded on the EmCollect* DAS and includes all calibration activities,
sample system integrity evaluations, validations, and data collected during each sample run. A
copy of the DAS report is included inAppqdixGs.
3. As defined by The Air Qualif $rctem (AQS; EPA); Raw Data repesents data that has been successfully loded (with automated
relstionEl checks perfomed/passed) and is ready for rerriew. Data is only visible to members of the scrcening group responsible fo
the monitor and will not be included ln any reporB excefl for those specifically designed to view preproductlon data.
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9 QUALIFICATIONS OFENVIRONMENTALPROFESS!ONALS
Please refer to Appendix H for resumes of key personnel who have contributed to the completion
of this project.
9.1 ASTM Method D7036-04
Standard Pnctice for Competence of Air Emission lesting Bodies
This practice specifies the general requirements for competence to carry out sampling and
analysis for air emissions tests of stationary sources. lt covers testing and calibration performed
using standard methods, non-standard methods and methods developed by the Air Emissions
Testing Body ("AETB"1ss.
Encino Environmental Services, LLC demonstrates conformance to ASTM Method D7036-04 in
accordance with the following:
1. The AETB follows a QMP that addresses each of the requirements listed in Method ASTM
D7036-04.
2. The AETB maintains an organization which includes the following professionals:
. TechnicalManager;
. Quality Manager;and
. Qualified lndividual.
3. Emissions Performance Test Plans are required for all projects (including non-regulatory
applications).
4. The AETB performs internal audits at least once annually.
5. Laboratory management certifies program objectives and conformance with ASTM
Method D7036-04.
To inquire about ASTM Method D7036-04 conformance and practices, contact Operational
Support from the options listed in Section 1.5 of this document.
3s ASTM Method D7036-06 - Standard Practice fol Competence of Air Emission Testing Bodies.
@ Page26
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Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
FIGURES
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1582-001 RE1/ 0
Figure 2:Photographs
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582{01 REV 0
Figure 3: Peak Signal lntensity and Analysis (Quality Analysis)
Peak Signal lntensity
Peak Analysis
@
Emissions Test Report
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Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1582{01 REV 0
Figure 4:Detestion Limits
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date:iDecember 6,2023
Document EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
Ethyleno (CTS; VOG SuHiute)
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date:December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
Ell eft Da.:2021/11/0'l 00:0fi
Sampte Gas Analysh
P[{:{9771 AXIA RAVOI-LAXASTER SALES UNIAH
Figure 5: Fuel Analysis
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
TABLES
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
Table 2: Emissions Source Data
Test Run
Start Time 12:11 13:21 14:27
End Time 13:11 14:21 15:27
Logging lnterval (minutes)60 60 60 60
Ambient Conditlons
Dry Bulb / Ambient Temperature ("F)63 63 66 64
Wet Bulb Temperature ('F)N/A N/A N/A 0
Average Humidity (%)32 30 30 30.667
Barometric Pressure (inches Hg)29.94 29.92 29.91 29.923
Elevation (AMSL;ft)7,167
Emlsslons Souce
Manufacturer Waukesha
Model 9394GSt
SerialNumber 1469776
Unit Number 1283
Manufacture/Rebuild Date (DOM)nla
Source Category Stationary Engine
Fuel Type (e.9., natural gas, diesel, DGB):NaturalGas
EmisSons Soure Operadonal Data
Fuel flow rate; EPA Method 2C or 2D Determined By BSFC(LHV)
Fuelflow rate (SCFH)13,606.10 13,606.10 13,606.10 13,606.10
BSFCr-xv (BTU/BHP/hr)6,542.00 6,542.00 6,542.00 6,542.00
Rich Burn / Lean Burn (excess air)Rich Burn
Calculated Load (%)90.0%90.0% 90.0% 90.0%
Current Power (HPutirir"o)2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00
Manufacturer Max Rated Power (BHP)2500
Manufacturer Max Rated Speed (RPM)1204
Emission Control Equipment Catalyst
Engine Type Spark-lgnited
Engine Hours (hrs)1 8956
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
Bias Corrections
Table 3-4
Example Calculation of Post-Oryg€tlconected (% Oz) For 7"t lest Run
vgas -
rJoas -
Where:
Cg".
Csvg
Co
C.
C.,
SnAperfaclfty
TestDato: l0lzilzl0#l.
Sam$6Run
AYeraga'
18i 2td 3rd
Post Oxygen (% Oz)
Measured -0.701 -0.572 -1.232 -0.84
Corrected 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00
5.97 - 0.02
I oooo lz
Average effluent gas concentration adjusted for bias, expressed in units of parts per
million by volume, dry basis (ppm,d) or percent (%); "Corrected" value listed in fabre
3-4.
Average unadjusted gas concentration indicated by the analyzer instrument
expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppmd) or percent (%);
"Measured' value listed in Table 3-4.
Average of initial and final system calibration bias analysis response for low{evel
calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppm,d)
or percent (%) located inTable 3-2.
Average of initial and final system calibration bias analysis response for upscale
calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppmd)
or percent (7d located inTable 3-2.
Concentration of upscale calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by
volume, dry basis (ppm,d) or percent (%) located inTable3-2.
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Table 4: Gas Diluter Validation
lnstrument: Teledyne Advanced Pollution lnstrumentation; Model T700
Type: Dynamic Dilution Calibrator
Serial Number: N/A
Date Time: Oc124,20231O:41
Validatlon Gas: Oxygen Concentratlon:
Diluted Gas:Oxygen Concentration:
Target Concentratlon:
Diluted Gas: Oxygen Concenttatlon:
Target Concentration:
13.03%
100.00%
12.00%
100.00%
5 00%
Average: 12.95%
Deviation: -0.64%
Average: 12.95%
Deviation: -0.64%
AnalNs&m Obecrved
1
2
3
5.94o/.
5.99 V.
6.06?o
Average: 6.00 %
Deviation: -0.55%
EPA Method 205: Ysiftcation of hs Dllution Slrstems for Fleld lnstrument Calhntions; A gas dilution system produces known low-
level calibration gases from highlevel calibration gases with a degree of confidence similar to that for EPA Protocol 1 gases. lt may
be used for compliance tests in lian of muftiple calibration gases when the gas dirution system is verified to meet the requirements of
the Method.
Oxygen AnatVcr:, Orygen concentntions were determined instrumentally by EPA Referarce Method 3A. All raw data can be viewed in
Appendtx G. Orygen calibration procedures and results can be found in Table 3 and within the report naffative. An M&C Products
Model PMA 22 paramagnetic analyzer was used for veificatbn of the gas dilution system.
Aryhdsnrr Obs€rycd
1
2
3
12.94%
12.94%
12.96%
lnalysls Run Obcswed
1
2
3
12.94?"
12.94%
12.96Vo
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Pre-Test Dir*t
Table 5: Calibration Transfer Standard
Ocl24,202310:46
Ethylene (CzHa)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CsHe)
Acetaldehyde (CzHcO)
136
7,200
7,200
3,700
100
20
10
110
20
0
2N
220
0
Ethylene (CzHr)ao
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (C:Ha)
Acetaldehyde (CzHaO)
135
7,000
7,140
3,700
100
Pre-fest Slrstetn Oc124,20231Q:46
Post-fest Direct Oct24,2023 15:51
38 System response is defined as the time required for the system to reach 95% (as observed by the instrument) of the certified value
of each analyte (cylinder or target concentration).
3e Start and stop data is acquired from MG2000 data (LAB files).
40 Target ethylene concentration for pre-test system performance evaluation is based on pre-test system 'direct'concentration reading;
ASTM Method 06348-03 (2010) 1 1 .4.1 Analyze the CTS gas and verify that the pathlength results agree to within 5 % of the certified
value of the CTS. Record the measurement results.
Ethylene (C2H4)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (C:Hs)
Acetaldehyde (CzHnO)
130
6,500
6,800
3,900
100
20
80
100
150
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Table 6: ASTM Method D6348-03 - Annex 5 Analyte Spiking Technique
Oct 24, 2023 1 1 :1 4
ln ac@.dane with ASTM Method D63r.8{,3 Section , r.3.5 (Annex 5), 8nd SOP M\H>ASTMO634&03401
Anachment+ (Analyle Spiking Technigue), percent rccovety prc@durcs and calculations werc pedomed
lot all applicable @mpounds (target @nstrtuent .
$0:ocoocr6tp (ppm)
Cmpound LAB 1 LAB 2 LAB 3 AYorlea
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
carbon Monoxide (co)
Nirric Oxide (NO)
Propane (C:Ho)
Acetaldehyde (CrHaO)
Ethylene (C2Hr)a
Water Vapor (HrO)
Sulfur Hexafluoride a-y" (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluorlde 567* (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafl uoride aeorocuc (SFo)
1.951
130.000
5.000
'15.000
N/A
N/A
4.996
0.030
N/A
N/A
1.958
r30.000
5.m0
1 5.000
N/A
N/A
5.030
0.010
N/A
N/A
1.913
130.000
5.000
15.000
N/A
N/A
5.0t3
{.004
N/A
N/A
1.9/tl
130.000
5.000
r 5.000
N/A
N/A
5.013
o.012
N/A
N/A
S.REr.Ir
Cmpdnd Pffitlec(t)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric oxide (NO)
Propane (CrHa)
Ethylene (CzHr)
Acelaldehyde (CrHaO)
r29.48%
112.5't%
105.09%
NaN
NaN
SanpleFlovR te(LPM)$:AnaIi|rs4./AoFNRate(LPM): 0-5
a1 limestamp infomation obtained from MG2000 LAB files.
a2 Gases rere prcduced and cenified in affdan@ with'EPA Tnceability Pptobl fot Assay and Cefification of Gaseous Caribration Slandards', Sept mbet 1997, as amended August
25,1999, EPA-600/R-97/121 ot more recent updates.{ ConentEtions represent ten percent (10%) of aclual boltte conentEtion 8s per ASTM D634843 - Annex 5 (Analyte Spiking Teclnhue); and Aftachment F of Encino SOP MTHD-
45TbtD634843401.
4 Per ASTM D6348{3, a spike Iecovery analysis is nol required for ethylene (CTS). However, an elhylene spike may be performed and used to satisfy the spike recovery
requirements for VOC (in lieu of propane - C3).
1s Pet ASTM D634849 stack samp,e musl involve at least fiften (15) indeBndent samples; equivalent to five (5) cell volumes. The volme of the @tt in the MKS 2030" FT{R is one
(1) liter; thercfore, at a sample rcte of five (5) lite6 pet minute (LPM), the @ll is filled five (5) times st srrteen (r6) scars.
h}t.tFfllD.b'r
sample File Begin: -T- 4Og
Sample File Final:
Glkrd.Drblr€
Anrllto Concantsldoar
(ppm)€
Csrbon Monoxide (CO)
Nilric Oxide (NO)
Plopane (CaHs)
Acetaldehyde (C2HaO)
Ethylene (CrHa)
Sulfur Hexafluoide m5rp (SF5)
Sulfur Hexafluoride Eiyh. (SF6)
Sulfur Hexafl uoride Aceuuerryoe (SFo)
493.90
483.60
51 3.30
N/A
N/A
5.10
N/A
N/A
S[(.AY.{..
Cmp0nd ComonMon(ppm)
Carbon Dioxide (COr)
Csrbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CrHe)
Acetaldehyde (C2HrO)
Ethylene (CzHr)
Water Vapor (H20)
Sulfur Hexafluoride mm (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluqide Etv* (SFs)
Sulfu r Hexafl udde aw.rryo. (SFo)
236.062
-2.O73
't7.241
NaN
NaN
D*don ndo.
Conpoud Porcartrg. (%)
Carbon Dioxide (C02)
Waler Vapor (HrO)
Sulfur Hexafluoride an5y6 (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluoride Etvr* (SF6)
Sulfu r Hexafl utride^murryac (SF5)
-5.82%
.23.84%
o.23%
N/A
4trl'
rsnik.a ctuabat@ Qryn) _ st@* covan@ion(w\ x 11- Dttu!4!j:!!g!\)PdcdRecooq^tulyt. =ffitr6
Reovory for oach anaMe
must be betwsen 70o/r - 13004
(r 306/6)
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
Iable 7: EPA Method 19 Fuel Factor Calculations
Nomenclature
OzFa 0z F-factor, DSCF/million BTU
K Conversion factor (1,000,000 BTU)
Kx 3.64 SCF of exhaust/lb of hydrogen burned/Hydrogen (percent; 7")
Kc 1.53 SCF of exhaust/lb of carbon burned/Carbon (percent; %)
lG 0.57 SCF of exhaust/lb of sulfur burned/Sulphur (percent; 7d
Kx 0.14 SCF of exhaust/lb of nitrogen burned/Nitrogen (percent; %)
Ko 0.46 SCF of exhaust/lb of orygen burned/Orygen (percent; %)
GCV Gross caloric value of fuel analysis, BTU/lb
lnput
Percent of Total Mass (from fuel analysis)6:
Hydrogen 7o 22.79 H
Carbon % 77.21 C
Sulphur 7o 0.00 S
Nitrogen 7o 0.00 N
Orygen % 0.00 O
(lG x x1 + (lGx c) + (lCx S) + (x*x N) - (lG x o) x K
OzFa
GCV
201,085,013.45
OzFa
23,49?.61
OzFa 8,559.137 DSCF/MMBTU
a6 EPA Method 1 9; Section 12.3.2.1 , Equation 19-1 3
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
Table 8: Method 19 Emission Rate Calculations
Fu€*
HHV (BTU/SCF)1,188.697
LHV (BTU/SCF)1,081.831
F-factor (DSCF/MMBTU)8,559.137
Measwed ConcentraUons
Oz (vol %) coneaeo 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00
C0 (ppmd)51.496 42.601 43.2s5 45.78
NOx (ppmd)8.609 8.539 5.147 7.43
V0Crorr-(ppmd)10.623 -2.955 -3.666 1.33
Opera{ng Conditlons
Engine Horsepowerutirizeo (HP)2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00
Fuel Flow Rate Qr (SCFH)13,606.10 13,606.10 13,606.10 13,606.10
BSFCrxv (BTU/BHP-hr)6,542.00 6,542.00 6,542.00 6,542.00
Fuel BTU Consumption (MMBTU/hr)16.17 16.17 16.17 16.17
Exhaust Flow Rate - Qo (SCFH)138,431.48 138,431 .48 138,431.48 138,431.48
Exhaust Flow Rate (SCFM)2,307.19 2,307.19 2,307.19 2,307.19
Engine Hours (hrs)1 8956
Converter Pressure Drop (in HzO)N/A
Duty (kw-hr)N/A N/A N/A N/A
Cdculated Emlsslons
co
(b/hr)0.518 0.428 0.435 0.461
(ton/yr)2.269 1.877 1.906 2.017
(g/BHP-hr)0.104 0.086 0.088 0.093
(PPmd at 15% oz)14.537 12.026 12.211 12.925
lb/MMBtu 0.035 0.029 0.030 0.031
NOx
(lb/hr)0.142 0.141 0.085 0123
(ton/yr)0.623 0.618 0.372 0.538
(g/BHP-hr)0.029 0.028 0.017 0.025
(PPmd at 157o oz)2.430 2.411 1.453 2.098
lb/MMBtu 0.010 0.010 0.006 0.008
VOCnr
(lb/hr)0.168 -0.047 -0.0s8 0.021
(ton/yr)0.737 -0.205 -0.254 0.093
(s/BHP-hr)0.034 -0.009 -0.012 0.004
(ppm,d at 15% Oz)2.999 -0.834 -1.035 0.377
lb/MMBtu 0.011 -0.003 -0.004 0.001
@
Emissions T6t Report
Snapper Facility
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-I
Emissions Test Report
Snapper FaciliU
Dater: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
APPENDICES
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2O23
Document EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
filr:
Toc
s.al..t
D&:
fad-Cmm
&elbedr,
EPA 7E Siipb tuht erplhg
Friiay, Derbcr 21, 2018 1t5i,.:21 Plti
Joe,
As we discussed there is some confusion about Single point samplint and when it is allorved. So as
we discussed during our recent phone call:
ln summary there are provisions for single point sampling for instru mental sampling of pollutants;
however, it must be justified by either having a small stack or by proving no stratification exists using
astratificationtest. lwouldnotethatthestratificationtestshouldbeconductedpriortoeach
testing event at each individual source, even ifthat particularsource or others ofsame make, model.
and manufacture year have previously proven unstratified during prior source testing. The rational
we discussed from the method is below.
According to EPA Method 7-E, Section 8,1.2:
3rd sentence "lf testing for multiple pollutants or diluenb at the same site, a stratification test usint
only one pollutant or diluent satisfies this requirement." So any pollutant or diluent measured can
be uscd to conduct a stratification test. And the stratiflcation test is conducted according to Method
1.
Alternatively, a stratification test may be conducted (6th sentence) "...at three points on a line
passing through the centroidal area"... as stated in the following sentences.
4th sentence: "A stratification test is not required forsmall stacks that are less than 4 inches in
diameter."
ff the source is considered unstratified due to the testin6 results or is less than 4 inches in diameter,
single point sampling from the point that most closely matches the mean of the stratification test (or
centroid point for stacks less than 4 inches in diameter).
40 CFR JJJJ (Table 2-1.a.i.(1)(a) [also Table 2-1.b and 2-L.clor CO and VOC respectively) expands on
this to "Alternatively, for NOX, 02, and moisture measurement ducb =6 inches in diameter may be
sampled at a single point located at the duct centroid and ducts >6 and =12 inches in diameter may
be sampled at 3 traverse points located at 16.7, 50.0, and 83.3% of the measurement line ('3-point
long line'). lf the duct is >12 inches in diameter and the sampling port location meets the two and
half-diameter criterion of Section 11.1.1 of Method 1 of 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, the duct may
be sampled at '3-point long line'; othenrise, conduct the stratification testing and select sampling
points according to Section 8.1.2 of M ethod 7E of 40 CFR part 60, Appendh A."
Please feelfree to contact me for additional discussion or clarification.
Carl Ortmann
Work Leader, Air Program
Texas Commbsion on Environmental Quality
Region 1.3- San Antonio
14250 Judson Road, San Antonio, TX 78233
Direct(210) 4O3-4O72
Otrice [phone]
Emissions Test Report
Snapper FaciliU
MANUFACTURER
Date: December 4 2023
Documenr: EM-23-1582-001 RB/ 0
DATA SHEET
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
TechnicolDoto
Cylinders
-
\.'16
Piston i 9.988 cu in (154 r)
_qseL::_114
Comprossronrom 971
B::" : {?:: i
_s
375" x 45" (234 x 2toi
Joclst wots I48 gor (560 -)
system copocrty ,,i
!9: gllco?ociY i!3e ggtjso4 r)
i Single oir/gos storter
I 90-i50 psi
I Sirrgle oir/gos storter:
50- 90 psi
-. Duol o,./'oos storters.srotrrlg sysrem g0_150 pii
i Duol oir,/gos storters:
50-90 psi
i 2 eiectric storters,
24v eoch
!ry:liYl''1i.li*1"(-rl
r7o (4,3re) x 78 (LgBr) x rB (za7o)
weighls lb (kg)
,o,ooo Ou,orrl
-lhe Series Five tomily u, $/crkesho'
VHP' engines gets more pos€rful with
ths oddition ot the 250c hp P9394GSI s5
Ihe P9394GS| 55 hos the some feotures
ond bensfits os the 1900 hp L7044GSI
55 ond 1500 hp l7042GSl S5, creoting o
fomily of enginas with comnron controis.
operqtion, qnd seruice pcrts
Series Five r:ch-buro engrn€s comlline
the most odvonced teahnoiogy ovoilob e
with the history ond expeiisice of th6 Vl'lP
prdlform resltlt;ng in C 16. aylinder eng;ne
with more powei, b6tt6r lrel llexibility,
lower tuei consumption ond lrfecycle
costs, ond iongar servrce rnte.vols
Aithough Series f ive enqines ore copoble
of higher power levois thon previous
versions, the stresses on the compcnents
hovo not increosed This rs mocle ifossible
b)- enhonc€d rich burn combustion
through the Millef Cycle on imprcved
cylinder l")eod clesign thot rsduces
tem.perqtu.es in key regions, ond on
optimi?ed piston cissiqn.
lhe Milier Cycle nloves rvork trom the
prstol to the turoochorger, reducing
combustion ond exnoust temoerotures
ond moking Series Five eagines the lnost
tuel etficient VHP engines ever.
th€ tmprC,vsd cy'inder leoct design
reduces ke)r internol temperotures by
up to 40%, Lncreosrng reiiqtlility qnd
extenciing the life cf the heod
T\e Series f ive piston design iros
been optimized to reduce unbu.ned
hydrocorbJns, \Jh,ch r-proves emrssions
and f uei consuffrption while lowering the
tempe.oture of the piston rtself imorov ng
f ual f lexibility evan ot o higher power
roting
lmprovenents to th€ ignition systenl
ollow tor 4.00o-hour spork plLlg intervols
r,/ith lo\rr'-cost, non-preoous metol plugs
Motching 4,000 oii chonge intervols
reduce operoting costs ond tiips to site.
Series Five €ngines come stondord \^rith
Islt4'2 Woukesho s aext- gene'otion
sngine controller. tSM2 uses o 12" fuli
color customer interfoce ponel, oliowing
users to see oli eng,ne porometers, trend
doto, view monuc'ls. qnd woLk tnrough
troubleshocting steps climinotlng the
need lor o loptcp computer
Woukesho's emPoot Emission Control
Systsm is tie option of choice for
raouci.lg 6m.ssions enPoct optim,zes
the interdction lletween tha Series
Five engine- AFR2 oirffuel rot o controi,
ond the Woukeshc suppiied 3-wsy
(tr:SCC) cototyst to mointoin e.nissrons
complictnce evon os engine s0eed,
lood, f uel, ond environm6ntol conciiticns
chonge.
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
Performonce Doto
Fc\"r,)f Dhp (t\rvb)
3:ric (liv) 3tulnlrp-nr lr:/iwn)
. c -,-(L'_,l1l.C.j 31.. ltt , tC:!, /ii.,')
i.la)x g/bnir irr if,igr\ ^-! !'r 5% a )
CO .J1bhp hf (.lit,/ii.Jr |a 5;r- C I
\\:-(.. )/fr,,r'. 1'r:no/\r.r .r :: , r r
lilc qf bhir-nr (n3i l\nr -6-n :i'l. O )
.re.it to ial('.ist !l,,aiei 'itufrrr r tC0C (iivv)
f.rot t!) iirrrL- ()il tstiri'|l, r ICCC (l:rv)
lert tc liter!.ci,i"t ltritl, y 10aI" il',^.')
-.i.,1t .1.r r rl .rJt.,','l(ut :.;,1
lotol axhoust ireot Etir;il. r l00C (<!rtj
niluat oil llr i:l.l!r s.fm (Nrr ,/ir)
iXi0ust i:C!! lc/lrr (i(_.t,1f,r)
Eir)a r:rt-i-iifOsrats,i7 r ("C)
rc;.ql
2 og5 (r.s55)
14,a57 (4,?6li
ll 52 (a !l-ri)
rJ rr, (63)
o Er (2r9)
a 222 \1,2-3i)
.l-.,3 it.15)
4lr5 {l:i,.j
'-ril5 (17.i)
3 7 /ri (t trlT)
272i (!tlca')
t2,it7,i (5,,a.c)
1.657 (i75)
CL! .'j
; n,,
iri-
Lrl Jaiti o.tij(:jia itq to lril laru.j ond subrect tc lecltnrc.r aleve ai:)irent J.r.j l.jd I cf,t,cri
rt)c|ttanonae onai rra.ruc! ita ir:,trr(t.rt is fe.t6:soi]-
modrfi !r tiroirt .ratiae the iiesigr 3. e,:trr prnent si)ecrf cot ons .rs hereli a.lt tofth w;thout nc!ir,ncj cny cb qot an eltier w:ti r-osi)sct
rwk. I9455- tx
rIr.,r..ites., tr0de.i.rii
ccopyr,!rlr:f:/lr!!!,ajIr:(e5noioca.o].€sra. il.:.ncticnpro!d€dsi!bert
to clrcrge $rror l rrct ce Ai vsiues orc Je;rgf av tr'Diac vorlgs 4r e. riiensurec
@
INNIM
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
DatG: December 6,2023
Document Etrr+23-1582-001 REV 0
APPENDIX C
FIELD DATA SHEETS AND COMMUNICATIONS
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
@
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1582{01 REV 0
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Dater December6,2023
Document EM.23-1582-001 RB/ 0
APPENDIX D
GAS DILUTER VALIDATION CERTIFICATE
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
@
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Dats December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582{01 REV 0
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
R HGER AI{ALYTICS T700 XX}32 POST.trt
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@
Page 3
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
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@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document Etr+23-t 582{01 RE1/ 0
APPENDIX E
GAS CYLINDER CERTIFICATES
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
HOX:
t$*f;#iLu$RrDE:TROPANE:
TIITROGEN:
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CERTIFI ED $TAN MARD-SPEC
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cc64237
Aug 16, ZOZ1
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
,rw*'
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
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Do not use crylir:der belcw 100 psig- -pnA
Certifrcation rnii'formed in accordance with "::^
Traceabilrty ,;;i;;ri Wrv zOt 2)" using assay
procedures tisted"
To reorder this rnixturo, u$e Fart Number:
r02Nt87E15A0080
Tp Mareriar: MT-l sASGsgo"r r$vth lFduEtdal Laop Rnad Tooets ur &4014
Par:t Number:r-oifrltt'E 1 5A0080
e
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
ENGINE DATA
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
Test Variables
rsrnht frriCrl*U
}(,
Oxygm Cmscl€d(96)om 0,6 0.0
Cerboo Mo,loxide (CO). pBYrv 51-/E 4260t a3.r6
tlib006 Orid6 (NOx). ppmv &@ tSin tt{t
i,lethere (CH4) pmY 3r.5S xt.zt 3iLGII
Fmldehyde(HCHO). ppmv 4,0 {.8 -a@t
VOC Tolal (Exdudes HCHO)l,iq*ilP}f,lJ -3.C66
Total Hyfimrbms (THC) p9nv 6a_6Gl 6t-eB s_0a6
Tesl Oate 10Q1t2021
S[e]xCL SBpOer Pad
EfrJim Houfs 't8956
&akesDecrtc Fuel Cmsulplim (SSFCIHU. Btl|/Bnlh(05{e0@ 65aZm 65aa@
Fuel Flry Rate (OF) SCFH rr,ilr.23? 'tl,18t_8'tt.ltc_zn
E Aare Hm€gorcr RaEU (BHP). brake rmeptrs zm
Hffi@fltrLrtliation l,t6o t,60 t.e'0
Estmat€d Load (%)74*7lrL tl8b
HEIE Heatho \hhre ofFuel (HHV). BTUn3 1.188 697
Lm Heatng Valw ol Fuel (LHU. Bfufi3 I 081 831
R+acl6 lihlBtuir riifltffillil"lrl i3.298
F-Factry (O2Fd). OSCF/MMHU 8.559.137
Efiaui Fbw Ral€ (Od). SCFH rll'rtim-,ffil,fi| tr3.821.{3{i
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: Decem&r 6,2023
Document EM-23-1582{01 REV 0
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
@
RESUMES OF KEY AL PROFESSIONALS
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
@IFIHfiI,Ng
Colk/bnltoi. lnm.don. Opa*ni 'don.r
KIRK ZIKIiR
E,MISSIONS TECH:{ICIAN I
EDTICATIOI
Kelly Walsh High Scbool - Caspei', Wyoming
-General Fducation Diploma
(-IvILIAN TRAI}iINGo Safelando }land Toolso Respirator Trainingo PEC Trainingo Operation Monitoringr MSIIA Trainingr Lockout/Tag-outr NSC First Aid. Microsoft Office Suiteo Job Safery Analysis (JSA). H:S Operations Rescueo H:S Arvarenesse ASTM D6348-03(20101 Storulurd Tast Methtxl .fir f)ererminutbn oJ'Guteout ('tmgturuls by
Extractive Direcl Interface f'ourier |'ransform lnfrarctl (h"l'lR) Spectoscopyr EPA Method 205: VeriJiution $'Gus Dilutitn S\tstemr /br Field [nsruntent Calihrationto EPA Methd 3I+-l)etermimtion of Oryglen arul (larhon Dioxide (bncenlrutions in Emissions
l;'rom Stfiioraly S'ourc'e.r (lnstrumentul Analyer l,rucedwe )r EPA Method 2l l)etermindtion oJ'Yolatile ()rganic Comlnurul (l'OC) l.ecl*; Photoionization
[)etector (Pll)1 arul Flame krni:otion Delectot (t'il))o EmCollect" - Advanced Data Acquisition Software (DAS) for the collection of sensitive
environmental data
CE RTIFIC.4.TIONS/Aff [L4.TIO.\ V.{CIII[,VEMf,NTSo CPR, AED, and Basic First Aid Ceflified. Forklift Loader Certifiedo Advanced Pollution lnstrumentation & Techrnlogy
NXPERIENCE
In his role as Emissions Technician I, Mr. Zikcr is responsible for conducting emissions performance testing
ard mechanical integnty waluatiom on rotating equipnerrt (spa.r'k ignited reciprocating intema! combustion
engines - SI-RICE; compression ignition recipocating intemd mmbustion engines - CI-RICE) located at
oil ard gas production siteVfacilities to ensrtre compliame with air quality regulations (as ddrned under the
Clean Air Act) administered by the Texas Commissim on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) and the United
States Env'ironmental Protection Agency (US EPA) (other US States Notwithstanding).
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date:December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
-IIr. Kirk Zi*er
Pqe 2
Additionally, N{r. Ziker' responsibilities encompass all aspects of environmental problern-solving through
process erualuatioq facility and equipment desigr, and operation. Ofrer responsibilities include the
interpretation of collected data and its organizrtion into technical reporls and communicating field
observations and project deliverables to both corporate and field-lwel maintenance/reliability and
environmental personnel.
I\l.l\ SKIl.LS.\\l) Ii\PEItlEN('l']
. CTested Optor (Rawlias, Wyomiag); Operate processing equipment by regulating vales
compressors, pumps and auxiliary equipment to direct product flow. Adjust and set knobs,
switches, leverB. valves, index arms, etc. to cmtrol process variables such as vacuutns, catalysts,
ternperaturg and flows. Inspect and adjust damper controls on heaters and fumaces. Read and
follow processing schedules, operating logs, laboratory testing results to identifu and alter process
to produce specified product quantity and quality.
o Moto-Mans (Caspq Wyoming), Safely and effrciently performs all manual labor tasks on the
drilling floor and B.O.P. area Performs all maintenancc of the equipment and physical space of
the drill floor Monitors and operates the shakers Performs housekeeping activities on the drill
floor including washing, chipping and pahting. Troubleshoot equipment errors. Listen for
rmusual noises that signifr equipment and machinery problems.
. ltl,bdhe Opador (Caspu, WyoningL Safely operated various pieces of equipment and/or
machinery to increase materiat flows in cased-hole oil & gas exploration operations adhering to
all safety regulations before, during and after the well service operation. Immediately reported all
malfirnclions to my supervisor. Planned, prepared, and coordinated well site operations. Trained
and supervised a crew of operators in the preparation of the unit and calibration of equipment
Acquired a leamers permit and drove the wireline unit and/or commercial motor vetricle, to and
fiom various locations. \rhintained and cleaned assigned wireline equip,ment and facilities safely
and efficiently. Maintained knowlodge of the latest tectrnological changes and operating
procedures pertaining io company equrpment, tools, and practices to ensure maximum operating
effrciency. Controlled the higtest quality ofservice delivery and execution effectively during all
phases of operations. Handled and worked with o<plosives. Promptly performed assigned
reporting and administative dutie* for field operations, auuately and on schedule. Fostered and
maintained customer retations by establishing a positive image and confidenct in the quality of
serwices and ensured the confidentiality of all logging operations. Conducted pre-job safety
meetings.
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
@1Fil.&nre
TIFFANY JOLING-SIMON
DISTRICT MANAGER. NORTHWEST DISTRICT
EDTJCAI'ION
Associate of Science Degree, Geologl,
Casper Communiq' College
\,II LITARY COURSEWORK An.D TRAI NI NG. Yeoman'C'Schoolo Yeoman Flag Writer School. ATF Training. lradership Course
CIVILIAN TRAINING. Confined Space Entrant / Attcndant (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146)o Rigging. Hydrogcn Sulfide (H2S) (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1000). lockout/Tag-out (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.147)o Fall Protection (OSFIA 29 CFR 1926.500). Hazrnat(HM 126) (DOT49 CFR Part l7l)o Hazardous Communications (OSFIA 29 CFR 1910.1200)o Personal Protective Equipmcnt. Hearing Conservation (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.95)o Emergency Responseo Process Safcty Management. Welding Safet)'. Defensive Driving. Haz*oper (Oper.) (OSHA 29 CFR I 910 120 and API RP 75). Fire Protection. Medical Rccords. Forklift Safet-v (OSHA 29 CFR 19l0.l7{l)r Respiratory Protection (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134). Electrical Safety. Back Safer-v*. Alcohol and Substancc Abuse Arvarcncssr Driver Safelv. FI2S Safet)e Understanding Unconscious Bias. First Aid trvel Io LDAR Tcchnician Training. ASTM D6522-00 Standord Test Method .for Determination of Nitrogen Oxides. Carbon
Monoride, and O4tgen Concentrations in Emissions from Natural Gas-Fired Reciprocating
Engihes. Combustion Turbines, Boilers, and Process Heaters Using Portable Analyzers. ASTM D634843(2010) Standord I'est Method.fbr Determination of Gaseous Comyrunds by
Extracttve Drect Interlitce Fourier Transform Infrared @'TIR) Spectoscopy. EPA Method 205: Verification of Gas Dilution Systems.for Field Instrument Calibrations. EPA Mcthod 3A-Determinafion of Oxygen and Carbon Doxide Concentrations in Emissions
From Stationary Sources (Instrumentol Analyzer Prucedure). EPA Method 2l - Determination of Volotile Organic ComTnuntl (VOC) Leaks: Photoknimtion
Detector @ID)
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
.l I s. T'ilfo u' J o I in g- Sinto n
Poge 2
. EmCollect- - Advanced Data Acquisition Software (DAS) for the collection of sensitive
environmental data
. EmReport" - N,{acroinstruction utilizing Mcrosofto Add-in feahres that compiles collected data
into a report deliverable
. Basic Plusclndushial Safety Training and Certification
Cl)t'l IFIC.\TIONS/.\Il'II-L{TIONS/.\('l IIFIYE\lE\"IS
. CP& AED, and Basic First Aid Certified
r National Defense Service Medal
. Global War on Terrorism Service Medal
. Four Navy/\,Iarine Corps Achievement Medal
. ThreeGoodConductMedal
. Na\y Sharpshooter Pistol Medal
. NarT Rifleman Ribbon
o Two Narry/lrrfarine Corps Commendation Medal
E.\PERIE\CE
In her role as the Disbict lr{anager, Northwest District }vls. Joling-Simon is responsible for conducting
ernissions performance testing and mechanical intesrty evaluations on rotating equipment (spa* ignited
rociprocating internal combustion engines - SI-RICE; compression ignition reciprocating intemal
combustion engines - CI-RICE) located at oil and gas production sites/facilities to ensue compliance with
air quality regulations (as defined under the Clean Air Act) administered by the Wyoming Departnent of
Environmental Qrulity (WIDEQ and the United States Environmenlal Proteetion Agency (US EPA).
Additionally, lv{s. Joling-Simon's responsibilities encompass all aspects of environmental p,roblem+ofuing
through process waluation, facility and equipmcnt design, and opo'ation. Other responsibilities include the
interpretation of coltected data and its mganization into technical reports, and comrnrmicating field
observations and p,roject deliverables to both corporate and fieldJwel maintenance/reliability and
environmental personnel.
KE\' SKII,I,S A\D E\PERIENCE
. LDAR Monitorbg Technbitn, Enciao Envitonnantal Savica,.Iac, Monitored components
within induskial facilities while calib,rating testing equipment to ensure optimum performance.
Analysed data, evaluated sitrrations, and identified problerns or opportunities of improvement.
Dweloped factul, logical follow-up courses of action while considering resources, constraints,
and company vatues. Ensured personnel safety on locations through site specific job safety
analysis. Complaed and submitted reports to Customers for EPA Regulation Files. lmplanented
minor mechanical adjustnents wher necessary. Planned and coordinated equip,ment testing
schedules and processes for employees and Customers.
o f}asse Rdicf Valve Sala Repaentdile, Enciao Envbonmental Scrvica, /ze, Worked
Closely with the Encino Employees to ensure safe and proper training for manlift and forftlift
operations. Ensur€d haining was complaed and up to date. Coordinated baween Encino and the
Customer to ensure all safety requirements were met with regards to company specffic safdy
standards and Federal safety regulations. Ensured four gas monitors used on location wer€ up to
dat€ and in calibration. Fersonally, wrote the Encino Pressure Relief Vafue Standard Operating
Procedtnes and Safety Protocols. Processed all paperwork and applications ensuring Encino was
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1582-001 REV 0
.l ls.'fffiny J oling-Sinton
Pqe -)
\R ceriifiod sigufuing they had earned a National Board Certificate of Authorization to repair
pressurc relief vafues, in the shop and/or in tlte field. Evaluated facilities and work aclivities to
ensure compliance with Encino Safe5, Protocols and site*pecific safety protocols. Participated in
pre-job walk tlnough to ensure all safety protocols were being met either by Encino Employees or
plant employees. Completed and submitted reports to Customer for Regulation Files. Planned and
coordinated testing schedules for employees and Customers.
. FieU Emisiotts Tedtnicia4 Encido Envbonmatal Servica, Inc, Communicated with
pa'sonnel outside the organizatiog representing the organization to c-ustomers, the public,
govefiment, and other extemal sources. Taught and instructed others how to conduct ernissions
testing to achieve compliance with Federal Environrnentat hotection Agency and State Specific
regulations for both Encino Environmental Services and its Customers. Translated, interpreied, and
explained what information meafls to others and how it can be used for to ensure Environmental
Protection Agency regulations are being followed. Alplied knowledge of the chemical compositiorg
stuctrre, properties of substances and industry standards, and transfmmations to accomplish
emissioru testing. Applied practical use and knowledge ofdanger signs, production techniques, and
disposal methods. Liaised with corporate, field-lwel maintenance, and environmental
representatives to coordinate testing project schedules and logistics. Er,aluated information and used
individual judgment to determine whether emissions testing cornplied with laws, regulations, and
standards. Completed ernissions performance evaluations on stationary reciprocating intemal
combustion angines utilizing methods sanctioned by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency
located at rcmote oil and gas siteVfacilities. Docurnented measurements of criteria pollutants such
as volatile organic compounds (VOCr), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) in parts per
million (ppm), and oxygen (O2) in percent (perErwironmental Protection Agency Method 19) &om
internal eombustion equipment. Calibrated inskurnents prior to each testing want and recorded
calibration daails and inshument checks. Planned and coordinated testing schedules weekly for the
Wyoming Office covering Wyoming, Colorado, and North Dakota. Ir{ade decisions based on
personal judgnent and considered the relative costs and bendrts of testing exp€irses to choose the
most appropriate solution for Encino and the Customer. Monitored operations and emissions
indicators tro ensure machinery is working correctly. N{anaged time and personnel schedules to
achieve customer goals while following company guidelines. Mormed day-today administrative
tasks such as maintaining information files, p,rocessing paperworlq and monitoring daily work
schedules to accomplish Encino objectives and assist in Customer satisfaction.
UTAH DEPABTIIENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL OUAUTY
:.'
N ,_,; , : ,. ._1.
DlvlsloN oF Alil /-" '" ! :TY
@
@l ENCINO
ENVIRON M ENTAL
SERVICES
Collaboration. lnnovation. Optimization.il
EnarssroNs Tesr Reponr
Regulation(s): 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ
Pollutant(s): NOx, CO, and VOCs
PROJECT: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc
Facility: Snapper Facility
DUCHESNE COUNTY, UTAH
DATE: DECEMBER 6,2023
DOC NO.: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
TEST DATE:10/25/2023
Emisskms Source: Waukesha 9394GSl
Spark- lgnited Stationary Engine
Unit Nur$er: 1251
Eqgine Serial Nunber: 1 457 259
Crusoe Enerry Systerns, lnc Contact Name: Michael Duplantis
Ptrcne: 8:12-7S-3833
Encino Environmental Services, LLC
20302ParkRow Dr, Suite 1200
Katy, Texas 77449
Telephone: 281 2O1 3544
Email: supgort@encinoenvi ron.com
www.encinoenviron.com
Copyrighte 2023
I;TAH DEpABTI!-1.'T OF
eivrnoutleruTAL ouAi-iry
DtC 1 i ;:.,i
DIVISION OF AIR QUALITY
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2O23
Document: EM-23-'1583-001 REV 0
Contents
ABBREV|AT!ONS......... ............ tV
KEY DEFIN|TIONS ...................\/r
ABBREVIATED UNITS OF MEASUREMENT...... .........VIII
STATEMENT OF BASTS ............1
QUALTTY ASSURANCE CERTTFTCATION STATEMENT............... ...............4
STATEMENT OF RECEIPT AND ACCEPTANCE............ ............5
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
2
2.1
2.2
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
4
4.1
5
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
Oxygen Analyzer.... ..... 19
FTIR Ana1y2er................ ................. 19
Gas Diluter Validation.. .................. 19
Sampling System...... .....................20
Calibration Gases .......2O
FT|R DATA VALTDATTON .............. ...............21
Minimum Detection Limhs (MDL) ...................21
Calibration Transfer Standard and System Purge ............21
Dynamic Spiking and Recovery................ .......2'l
Review of Test Methodologies and Spectral Data Va|idation................................22
Quality Mana9ement............... ......23
EMTSSIOI{S CALCULAT|ONS......... ..............24
Emission Rates......... .....................24
Fuel Ana1ysis................ ..................24
Engine Performance Data........ ...-.24
QUALIFICATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS ............26
ASTM Method 07036-04... ............26
FIGURES
Figure 1 - Sampling System Schematic
Figure 2 - Engine-specific Photographs
Figure 3 - Peak Signal lntensity and Analysis (Quality Analysis)
Figure 4 - Minimum Detection Limits
Figure 5 - FuelAnalysis
9
9.1
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
TABLES
Table 1 - Summary of Test Results
Table 2 - Emissions Source Operational Data
Table 3 - Oxygen Analyzer Calibration and Bias
Table 4 - Gas Diluter Calibration
Table 5 - Calibration Transfer Standard
Table 6 - ASTM Method D6348-03 - Annex 5 Analyte Spiking Technique
Table 7 - EPA Method 19 Fuel Factor Calculations
Table I - EPA Method 19 Emission Rate Calculations
Table 9 - EPA Method 19 FuelComposition
APPENDICES
Appendix A - Single Point Sampling Regulatory Justification
Appendix B - Manufacturer Engine Data Sheet
Appendix C - Field Data Sheets and Communications
Appendix D - Gas Diluter Validation Certificate
Appendix E - Gas Cylinder Certificates
Appendix F - Engine Performance Data
AppendixG-RawData
Appendix H - Resumes of Key Environmental Professionals
@ ilt
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Documenr: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
ABBREVIATIONS
25LB
45LB
45RB
AETB
AMSL
ASTM
BACT
bhp
BSF0r-rnr
Btu
CFR
CHr
cl
co
COz
CTS
DAS
DGB
DOM
EPA
F-Factor
FTIR
HAP(s)
HCHO
lcE
LAC
LDEQ
LELAP
LNz
M
MACT
Two Stroke Lean Bum
Four Stroke Lean Bum
Four Stroke Rich Bum
Air-Emissions Testing Body
Above Mean Sea Level
American Society of Testing and Materials
Best Available Cofirol Technology
Brake Horsepower
BrakeSpecific Fuel Consumption Based on LHV
British Thermal Units
Code of Federal Regulations
Methane
Compression lgnition
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon Dioxide
Calibration Transfer Standard
Data Acquisition System
Dynamic Gas Blending
Date of Manufacture
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Fuel Factor
Fourier-Transform lnfrared
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Formaldehyde
lntemal Combustion Engine
Louisiana Administrative Code
Louisiana Depanment of Environmental QualrU
Louisiana Environmental Laboratory Acrcreditation Program
Liquid Nitrogen
Thousand
Maximum Achievable Control Technology
@ tv
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: Deccmber 6,2023
Document EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
MCT
MDEQ
MDC
MDL
MM
MMBtu
Nz
NDDEQ
NEA
NESITAP(s)
NIST
NMEI}AQB
NMHC
NOx
NRSP
NSPS
02
ODEQ
PBR
RACT
RICE
SI
S0z
spm
STP
TAC
TCEQ
THC
TISMC
voc
Mercury Cadmium Telluride
Mississippi llepartment of
Minimum lletectable
Minimum tletectlon Limit
Million
Million (MM) British Thermal
Nitrogen
North Dakota Department of
Noise Equivahnt Absolbsnc,e
Natbna! Emission Standards
Nati{Dn8l lnstitute of
Hazardous Air fullutants
Tecfinology
- AirQualiry BureauNew Mexico Environment
Non,Methare Flydrocarbon
Nitrogen Oxi&s
NorRuh Stardard
NewSource Perfonnarrce
Oxygen
oklatpma Depailmentof
Permit By Rub
Reasonably Acfiiarable Contrd echnology
Reciprocatiqg lntemal
Spark lgnited
Sulfur Dioxide
Scan Per Minute
Eqgine
Standard Temperature and
Texas Administrative Code
Texas Commission on
Total tlydrocarbons
The lntemational Standard
Volatih Orgonic Compound
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
KEY DEFINITIONS
Brake Horsepower (BHP)
Centroidal Area
Compression lgnition (Cl)
Concentration Adjustment
Gas Turbine
Fourier-Transform lnfrared (FTIR)
Horsepower (HP)
ldeal Gas Law
lnternal Combustion Engine (lCE)
Linearity
Mass-Rate
'Shaft Horsepower'- the actual horsepower of an engine, usually determined
from the force exerted on a friction brake or dynamometer connected to the
driveshaft.
The central area of the stack or duct that is no greater than one percent (1 %)
of the slack or duct cross section. The area has the same geometric shape
as the stack or ductr.
Relating to a type of stationary internal combustion engine that is not a spark
ignition engine.
Emission limits outlined in air quality programs (New Source Performance
Standards, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants) are
expressed at a given oxygen concentration, which require that pollutant
concentrations measured in the stack are adjusted or corrected to the
appropriate oxygen level.
Pollutant concentrations for boilers, heaters, and ovens are generally
corrected to three percent (39d orygen, whereas engine and turbine pollutant
concentrations are corrected to fifteen percent (1 5%) oxygen.
"Combustion turbines", are used in a broad scope of applications including
electric power generation, cogeneration, natural gas transmission, and various
process applications. Gas turbines are available with power outputs ranging
from three hundred horsepower (300 hp) to over two-hundred and sixty-eight
thousand horsepower (268,000 hp), with an average size of forty-thousand,
two-hundred horsepower (40,200 hp)2. The primary fuels used in gas turbines
are natural gas and distillate (No. 2) fuel oila.
An internal combustion engine that operates with rotary rather than
reciprocating motion.
A technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of
a solid, liquid, or gas.
A unit of measurement of power (the rate at which work is done).
'General Gas Equalion' - equation of state of a hypothetical gas.
A heat engine in which the combustion that generates the heat takes place
inside the engine proper.
The property of a mathematical relationship or function which means that it
can be graphically represented as a straight line.
The rate of discharge of a pollutant expressed as weight per unit time.
r EPA Method 7E - Deremination of Niirogen Oxrdes Emissions From Stationary Sources (lnstrumental Analyzer Procedure)
2 CC Shih, et al, E ilss,rcns Assess,rEnt of Cnnventional Stationary Combustion Systemq VoL ll: lntemal Combustion Sourceg EPA500/7-7$029c, uS
Environmental Protectloo &€rEy, Cincinnaii, OH, February 1979.
3 Final Report - 6as Tufuine Emission Measurement Prqram, GASLTR787, General Applied Science Laboratories, Westbury NY, Augusl 1 974.
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Minimum Detection Limit (MDL)
Programmable
(PLc)
Sample Probe
Logic Controller
Spark lgnition (Sl)
Spike
Spiked Sample
Stationary Reciprocating lntemal
Combustion Engine (RICE)
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
'Method Detection Limit' - the minimum concentration of a substance that
can be measured and reported within ninety-nine percent (99%) confidence
that the analyte concentration is greater than zero (>0) and is determined from
analysisofasampleinagivenmatrixcontainingtheanalytea. lnterchangeable
withMDC.
An industrial digital computer which has been ruggedized and adapted for
control of processes (parametric monitoring) or other activities that requires
a high degree of reliability, ease of programming, and process fault diagnosis.
Glass. stainless steel, or other approved material of sufficient length to
traverse sample pointsl; exhaust gas interface.
Relating to either: A gasolinefueled engine; or any other type of engine a spark
plug (or other sparking device) and with operating characteristics significantly
similar to the theoretlcal 'Otto' combustion cycle. Spark ignition engines
usually use a throttle to regulate intake air flow to control power during normal
operations. Dual-fuel engines in which a liquid fuel (typically diesel fuel) is
used for Cl and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel
at an annual average ratio of less than two parts diesel fuel to one hundred
parts total fuel (< 2 parts diesel to 1 00 parts total fuel) on an energy equivalent
basis are spark ignition engines.
A known mass (concentration) of target analyte added to a blank sample or
subsample; used to determine recovery efficiency or for other quality control
purposes5.
A sample prepared by adding a known mass (concentration) of target analyte
to a specified amount of matrix sample for which an independent estimate or
target analyte concentration is available - used to delermine the effect of the
matrix on a method's recovery efficiencys.
Any intemal combustion engine, except combustion turbines, that converts
heat energy into mechanical work and is not mobile.
Any compound of carbon, excluding carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide
(CO2), carbonic acid (HzCOs), and metallic carbides or carbonales, and
ammonium carbonate ((NHahCO:) which participates in atmospheric
photochemical reactions5.
a 40 CFR Appendix B ro Part 1 36
s Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program; QA Glossary of Terms. thiled States Environmemal Protection Agency.
6 Definition pursuanl to 40 CFR Pan 5'1, S51.1 00(s) (as of Oaober 30,2014); Fcderal Registry Standards / Vol. 73, Friday, January 1 8, 2008 / Rules and
Regulations.
@ vil
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
ABBRR'IATED UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
atm
BSFCr-xv
'c
ccm
cmi
"F
GWP
HHV
hp
kPa
tb
9 Gram
g/bhp.hr Grams Per Brake Horsepower Per Hour
Standard Atmosphere
(See Abbreviations) Expressed as Btu/bhphr
Degrees Celsius
Cubic Centimeters Per Minute
Reciprocal Centimeter
Degrees Fahrenheit
Global Warming Potential
Higher Heating Value; Blu/scf
Horsepower
Kilopascal
Pound(s)
lb/hr Pounds Per Hour
lb/MMBtu Pounds Per Million British ThermalUnils
LHV Lower Heating Value; Btu,/scf
LPH Liters Per Hour
LPM Liters Per Minute
oA Percent
ppb Parts Per Billion
ppm Parts Per Million
ppm"d Parts Per Million by Volume - Dry Basis
psi Pounds PerSquare lnch
psiaus Pounds Per Square lnch - Absolute
psig Pounds Per Square lnch - Gauge
scf Standard Cubic Foot (Feet)
scfh Standard Cubic Foot (Feet) Per Hour
scfm Standard Cubic Foot (Feet) Per Minute
ton A unit of pressure used in measuring partial vacuums, equal to 133.32 Pascals
tpy Ton PerYear
vol Volume
vm
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STATEMENT OF BASIS
OnlO/25/2023, Encino EnvironmentalServices, LLC, (hencefofth "Encino") was commissioned by
Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc to perform an emissions compliance test on a 2500-hp Waukesha
generator stationary engine designated as unit number 1251.
The internal combustion stationary engine is located at the Snapper Facility in Duchesne County,
Utah. The geographic coordinates for the facility are 40.263580 & -1 10.1201 10 (approximate).
Sampling and analytical procedures employed during the performance test were pursuant to Forty
Code of Federal Regulations (henceforth "40 CFR) Part 60, Appendix A and American Society for
Testing and Materials (henceforth "ASTM") methodsT. The primary objective of the test program
was to determine actualemissions of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) from unit number 1251 and to verify compliance with the emissions
parameters of 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ.
Deviations from methods in this testing program may include single-point sampling (centroidal
area). This is a common practice with an established precedence when sampling stationary
engine exhaust due to safety concerns. Supporting documentation in the form of a Single Point
Sampling Regulatory Justification Correspondence is included in Appendix A.
Prior to the sampling program (test project), a stratification test was performed at the test site to
determine the appropriate number of sample traverse points. The sample probe was used to
measure concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx) at three (3) points on a line passing through the
centroidal area at sixteen and seven tenths'percent (16.70v,), fifty percent (50.00%), and eighty-
three and three tenths' percent (83.307") of the measurement line. lf concentrations of NOx at
each traverse point did not differ from the mean concentration for all traverse points by no more
than (a) t5.00 percent (t5.00%) of the mean concentration;or (b) t0.50 ppm"d (whichever is less
restrictive), the gas stream is deemed unstratified, and sample measurements for the test project
were extracted from a single point - from a position that closely matches the mean
concentrationse.
Typically, this method is used with two types of pollution instrumentation - single, or in tandem
to determine stratification (instrumental analyzer and/or FT-lR).
? ASTM Methods lncorporated by Reference (lBR).
8 EPA Method 1 (or EPA Method I A) - Sample and Velocity Traverses for Stationary Sources
'q EPA Method 7E - Determination of Nitrogen Oxides Emissions from Stationary Sources (lnstrumental Analyzer Procedure; Section
8.1.2 Determination of Stralification).
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lf the stack effluent is observed to be then a muhi-point 'rake' probe was used with
orifices located at sixteen and seven tenths'(16.70%), ftfty percent (50.00%), and eighty-
three and three tenths'peroent (83.30%) of the
Miciael Duplantis of Crusoe Energy Systems,coordinated facility operations during the test
and provided supporting data such as the analysis and permit information.
No major deviations or problems occurred the emission test program.
ro T.abh 2 to 40 CFR Part 60 S.rbpart JJJJ - Requirenrente for
s60.4244.
Te€ts; &monstrating compliance in accordance with
!ine1o.
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CERTIFICATION STATEMENT
I certify thatto the best of my knowledge:
. Encino Environmental Seryicee [[C conducted the coll*tion, analysis, and reduction of all
samples.;
. Ihis report reflects tfie results of the testing condueted on 10/25/2023 and has not Deen
aftered, enhanced, or biased in any manner.;
. Encino Environmental Serviceq ILC collected and reported the enclosed data in accordance
with procedures and quality assurance activities described in this test report;
. Encino Environmental Sevices, ILC makes no wananty as to the suitability of the test
methods.; and
. Encino Environmental Seryrbes, LIC assumes no liability related to the interpretation and use
of this data.
KtkrZdqx
Richard Ziker
Emissions Tech l
Ercino Environmental Servfceg LLC
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QUALITY ASSURANCE CERTIFICATION STATEMENT
The Air Emission Testing BodylI (AEIB) should deliver data of known and documented quality on
a consistent basis regardless of the test method used.
I certify that to the best of my knowledge:
. Iest data and all corresponding information has been evaluated for accuracy and
completeness.;
. Sampling and analyses have been conductd in accordance with the approved protocol.; and
reference methods; and
. Alldeviations, method modifications, method deviations, sampling procedures, and analytical
anomalies are summarized in the reporT.
w-7*?rysi"o*
Tiffany Joling-Simon
North District Manager
Encino Envirqtmental Services, [[C
tl ASTM Method D7036-16 - Standard Practice for Competence bf Air Emission Testing Bodies; establishes general criteria for a
Quality 9stem that, when followed, assures consistently acceptabb data quality from an AETB.
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STATEMENT OF RECEIPT AND ACCEPTANCE
By signing thrs statement, I acknowledge that I have received the emissions test report for the
Snapper Facility Unft No. 1251; an emissions performance test conducted on 10/25/2023. I have
been provided with the opportuntty to read and comment on the data contained in:
Deument No.: EM-23-1 583-0U RAI 0.
I hereby certify that I have personally examined the data and information contained herein. Based
on my fnguiries of the individuals immediately responslble for collecting the data associated with
this pro,ject, I believe the contents of this report deliverable to be true, accurate, and complete to the
best of my knowledge.
Signature of Company Representative (Client)
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1 SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS
The final emissions results (detailed) of the testing event are presented in lable 1 and compare
requirements, provisions, and allowances of the applicable governing regulations and standards.
The table below provides a summary of the mass emission rates and pollutant concentrations
(adjusted) from the testing eventl2:
Emissions Summary
Folurlt lb/hr g/hp-hour
Regulatory Emitted Regulatory Emitted
co 1.65 0.46 0.30 0.092
NOx 0.83 0.16 0.15 0.032
voc 0.17 0.15 0.03 0.030
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of the emissions test is to meet the standards of performance for stationary spark
ignition reciprocating internal combustion engines (henceforth "SI-RICE) and the emissions
limitations and testing requirements for RICE (engines) with a brake horsepower rating greater
than 100-hp per 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ (2500-hp for general State Compliance obligations).
1.2 Detailed Scope of Work
Encino conducted the following scope of work for the emissions test:
o Configured sampling system;
. Validated engine data from manufacturer nameplate;
. Recorded weather data;
. Recorded fuel meter readings and operational data;
. Affixed sample probe to exhaust stack;
. Performed stratification analysis of the exhaust stack;
. Performed sampling system calibration, bias, and quality analysis;
. Conducted three (3), sixty-minute (60-min) test analyses ("runs");
. Validated spectraldata and test methods;and
. Compiled emissions test data and final report.
12 Regulatory and/or permilted emissions are represented on both a mass-rate basis and in psrts per million (by volume; dry) basis
adjusted to fifteen percent (1 5?d oxygen (engine and turbines) and three percent (3%) oxygen for boilers, heaters, ovens, and olher
external combustion equipment. These representations demonstrate compliance with regulatory and/or permitted rates based on two
(2) mechanisms of data analysis and fulfill compliance objectives by representing emissions data in multiple formats as required (and
allowed) by the Program Administrator.
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1.3 Assumptions
No assumptions have been made regarding any source operational conditions/parameters which
may exist at the location.
1.4 Special Terms and Conditions
This report has been prepared in accordance with the Proposal for Air Emissions Testing Services
and generally accepted environmental methodologies referred in 40 CFR and contains all the
limitations inherent within (methodologies).
The engine located at the Snapper Facility was 'tested as found"13. This emissions test cannot
wholly eliminate uncertainty regarding the source's performance before or after the test was
performed. No other warranties, expressed or implied, are made as to the professional services
provided under the terms of our agreement and included in this report.
1.5 RegulatoryStatement
At least thirty to sixty days (30 - 60 days) prior to the Emissions Performance Test for the source
described in Document No.: EM-23-1583{01 REV 0, an Emissions Performance Test Notification
was submitted to the appropriate Agency (Administrato| in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60
Subpart JJJJ and the requirements/provisions outlined in 40 CFR S60.8 - Performance Testsla.
lf the Emissions Performance Test described in Document No.: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0 was
postponed, rescheduled, or delayed due to operational issues or inclement weather, the
appropriate Agency has been provided with a retest notification at reast seven days (7 days) prior
to the new proposed test date.
Each Emissions Performance Test Notification - provided to the appropriate Agency, includes the
following (at a minimum):
r Name of Emissions Testing Laboratory (firm);
. Date of pretest meeting (if required);
o Description of instruments, analyzers, and equipment to be utilized;
. Description of methods and procedures to be utilized during sampling;
r3 ln accordance with 40 CFR $60.8(c) - Performance tests shall be conducted under such conditions as the Administrator shall specify
to the plant operator based on representative performance of the alfected facility. The owner or operator shall make available to the
Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of the performance tests. Operations during periods of
startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute represenlative conditions for the purpose of a performance test nor shall
emissions in excess of the level of the applicable emission limil during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction be considered
a violation of the applicable emission limit unless otherwise specified in the applicable standard.
14 40 CFR S60.8(d)
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. Procedures to determine operating rates and/or other relevant parameters during the
sampling period;
o Parameters and key data points to be documented during the sampling event (emissions
test); and
. Proposed deviations to the prescribed sampling methods.
Therefore, the Agency has been provided wifi the opportunity to comment on the proposed
methods, procedures, instruments, and practices which demonstrate compliance with 40 CFR
Part 60 Subpart JJJJ - prior to the testing of this source (Document No.: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0).
lf a response was not provided to either Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc or Encino Environmental
Seryices, LLC, the source was tested in accordance with the both the Emissions Performance Test
Notification and testing requirements listed in 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ.
A copy and transmittal (including shipment tracking and receipt confirmation) of the Emissions
Performance Test notification submitted forthis project is located intppendix Cof this document.
For all other inquiries pertaining to the contents of this report, contact:
Encino Environmental Services, LLC
Attn: Operational Support
20302 Park Row Dr, Suite 1200
Katy, Texas 77M9
Office:
Electronic Mail (email): [e-mail]
281.201.3544
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2 SAMPLING SYSTEM
The sampling and analysis system and the appliance for exhaust interface utilized during the test
program is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 of this report. Detection principles of the analyzers can
be located throughout this report.
Hot and water-rich effluent (contextual-gaseous mixture) gas was extracted frorn the exit stack
(exhaust) of the muffler/catalyst/stack housing on the unit through a single point or multi-point
sample probe located on a line passing through the centroidal area meeting distance
requirements of 40 CFR Part 60, United States Environmental Protection Agency (henceforth
"EPAJ Method 1 (or EPA Method 1A), and EPA Method 7E. A shepherds-hook stainless steel
probe (or multi-point sample probe; stratification test notwithstanding) three-eighths of an inch
(3/8") in diameter was connected to a heated sample line by a wrapped three-way (3-way) bias
sample valve. The gas was transported to the mobile laboratory by a heated line - maintained at
a temperature of exactly one-hundred and ninety-one degrees Celsius (191'C; approximately
376"F). A heated pump and flow meter maintained a constant flow of five liters per minute (5
LPM) of effluent gas to the MKS Multigas'. 2030 FTIR analyzer.
The effluent gas sample was analyzed for target constituents, and raw data was captured within
a data acquisition system (henceforth "DAS";ts. Upon exiting the analyzer, a portion of the sample
was directed to a peristaltic pump (sample dryer and conditioner) where water was removed. The
gas was then routed to the oxygen analyzer where the concentration was measured on a dry basis
u s i ng para ma g netic technology (percentor; Tooo).
2.1 lnstrumentSpecifications
Description:
Manufacturer:
Model:
Serial Number:
Technology Type:
Range:
Reproducibility:
Accuracy (post calibration):
Response Time (90% FSD):
D,escription:
Manufacturer:
Oxygen Analyzer
M&C
PMAl OOOL
21 09825-020-1 9060031
paramagnetic
0 - 25o/"
Analogue = < 19o of span
Digital = +/- 0.1 vol. % Oz
Analogue signal oulput = +/-1 % of span at range 3-1 00%
Digital indicator = +/-0.1 vol. % O:
< 3 seconds at 60 l/hr
Fourier Transform lnfrared (FTIR) Analfzer
MAX Analgfiical
1s Encino Environmental Services lnc- uses EmCollect'" Advanced Data Acquisition Software (proprietary) to comply with method-
appropriate sample analysis and data collection procedures.
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Model:
Serial Number:
Technology Type:
Range:
Spectral Resolution:
Scan Speed:
Detector Type:
MAX-IR
00398
FTIR Spectrometry
Between 1 0 ppb and 1 00 ppb fulFscale
0.5 - 128 cm'l
I scan/second @ 0.5 crn't
LNz - cooled MCT
2.2 Data Acquisition System (DAS)
All raw test data was captured and recorded on the DAS and collected during the Test Project -
stylized/formatted to adhere to the report criteria/standards outlined in 40 CFR 560.8 -
Performance lests, in addition to the requirements prescribed by each Method (EPA and/or
ASTM).
EmCollect* is an advanced DAS that integrates sampling system instruments with individual
software platforms and merges analog output and digital systems into a single electronic
application with functionally embedded ASTM and EPA prescribed methodologies relevant to the
testing project. The DAS and integrated equipment satisfy quality control and quality assurance
objectives (henceforth "OC/OA) through automated system performance evaluation, calibration
error analysis, (dynamic) spike recovery, and bias scrutiny - which maximizes data integrity while
minimizing margin error.
ln addition to system performance criteria/standards listed above, EmCollect'includes source-
specific input data (e.9., acquired field data; fuel details, ambient conditions, unit operation, etc.)
coupled with a library of method procedures and calculations to produce real-time mass emission
rates - which are used to compared measured results with permit and/or regulatory limits. The
data is compiled into a single EmDat electronic file and encoded with a digital transcript which
includes alldata acquisition and project transactional records (data inpuQ.
fiEmReport ,#lp
,NIERIIAI'ONAL
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3 TEST PROCEDURES
3.1 EPA Method 1
Sample and Velocity lraverses for Stationary Sources
The purpose of EPA Method 1 is to provide guidance for the selection of sampling ports and
traverse points at which sampling for air pollutants will be performed pursuant to the regulations
set forth in the Pafi. Two (2) procedures are presented:
o A simplified procedure (EPA Method 1 Section 11.5); and
. An alternative procedure.
The magnitude of cyclonic flow of effluent gas in a stack or duct is the only parameter quantitatively
measured in the simplified procedure.
Method Limitations
EPA Method 1 is applicable to gas streams flowing in ducts, stacks, and flues. The method cannot
be used when the following conditions/circumstances exist:
1) The flow is cyclonic or swirling; or
2) A stack is smaller than 0.30 meters (12 inches) in diameter, or 0.071 m2 (1 13.000 inz) in
cross-sectional area.
ln accordance with EPA Method 1 Section 11.1.1 - Sampling and/or velocity measurements are
performed at a site located at least eight stack or duct diameters downstream and two diameters
upstream from any flow disturbance such as a bend, expansion, or contraction in the stack, or
from a visible flame. lf necessary, an alternative location may be selected, at a position at least
two stack or duct diameters downstream and a half diameter upstream from any flow disturbance.
The simplified procedure cannot be utilized when the measurement site is less than two (2) stack or
duct diameters downstream or less than a half (1/2) diameter upstream from a flow disturbance.l6
3.2 EPA Method 1A
Sample and Velocity lraverses for Stationary Sources with Small Stacks or Ducts
The applicability and principle of this method are identicalto EPA Method '1, except its applicability
is limited to stacks or ducts. This method is applicable to flowing gas streams in ducts, stacks,
and flues of less that approximately 0.30 meter (12 in) in diameter, or 0.071 square meters (0.071
r6 Pursuanl to 'Guideline for Determination of Good Engineering Practice Stack Heighr'(Technical Support Document for Stack Height
Regulations); United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards; Documenl No-: EPA-
450/4-80-23R, June 1 985, Page 1 3 - Examination of the published sketches shorvs the cavity to extend from the ground veftically to
about ,.5 tirnes the heighl of the building; building height may vary.
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m') (113 in2) in cross-sectional area, but equal to or greater than about 0.10 meter ( in) in
diameter (>0.10 m; 4 in), or 0.0081 mz (12.57 inz) in cross-sectional area.
This method cannot be used when the flow is cyclonic or swirling.
3.3 EPA Method 2
Determination of Stack Gas Velocity and Volumetric Flow Rate (Type S Pitot Tube)
EPA Method 2 is applicable for the determination of the average velocity and volumetric flow rate
of a gas stream;typically utilized to obtain exhaust flow rates (post combustion) in stacks.
Method Limitations
EPA Method 2 is not applicable at measurement sites that failto meet the criteria of EPA Method 1,
section 11.1.1 (measurement site as a function of 'stack diameter" disrances). Additionally, the
method cannot be utilized for direct measurement in cyclonic or swirling flow conditions.
When unacceptable conditions exist, alternative procedures, subject to the approval of the
Administrator, must be employed to produce accurate flow rate determinations. Examples of
such alternative procedures are:
1) To installstraightening vanes;
2) To calculate the totalvolumetric flow rate stoichiometrically;or
3) Move to another measurement site at which the flow is acceptable.
3.4 EPA Method 2A
Dir*t Measurement of Gas Volume Through Pipes and Small Ducts
This method is applicable for the determination of gas flow rates in pipes and small ducts, either
in-line or at exhaust positions, within the temperature range of 0 to 50 "C (32 lo 122"F).
3.5 EPA Method 2C
Determination of Gas Velocity and Volumetric Flow Rate in Small Stacks or Ducts (Standard Pitot
Tube)
This method is applicable for the determination of average velocity and volumetric flow rate of
gas streams in small stacks or ducts. Limits on the applicability of this method are identicalto those
set forth in Method 2, Section 7.0, except that this method is limited to stationary source stacks or
ducts less than about 0.30 meter (12 in) in diameter, or 0.071 m2 (t t 3 in2) in cross sectional area,
but equal to or greater than about 0.10 meter (a in) (u0.10 m;4 in) in diameter, or 0.0081 m2 (12.57
in2) in cross-sectional area.
3.6 EPA Method 2D
Measurement of Gas Volume Flow Rates in Small Pipes and Ducts
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EPA Method 2D is applicable for the determination of the volumetric flow rates of gas streams in
small pipes and ducts; can be applied to intermittent or variable gas flows only with caution.
All the gas flow in the pipe or duct is directed through rotameter, orifice plate, or similar device to
measure flow rate or pressure drop. The device has been previously calibrated in a manner that
ensures proper calibration for the gas being measured. Absolute temperature and pressure
measurements are made to allow correction of volumetric flow rates to standard conditions.
ln most testing programs, EPA Method 2D is used on inlet fuel piping to derive fuel flow (Qt) to
calculate the total volumetric flow rate stoichiometrically.
For Sl-RICE Engines (gas-fired turbines notwithstanding) the following appurtenances are utilized
to comply with the measurement standards outlined in EPA Method 2D:
o Fuel-flow data recorded by "stock" meters (where available);
o Determined algorithmically utilizing a programmable logic controller (PLC); or
o Differential pressure measurements across an orifice plate.
3.7 EPA Reference Method 3A
Determination of Orygen and Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in Ernissionsfrom StationarySources
Oxygen (Oz) concentrations are determined instrumentally by EPA Reference Method 3A. The
M&C Products Model PMA22 paramagnetic analyzer receives conditioned effluent gas (dry);the
analyzer registers output signals (measurements) and which are automatically recorded on the
DAS. All raw data can be viewed in Appendix G of this repofi.
Oxygen is a paramagnetic gas, which means that it is attracted by a magnetic field. This magnetic
susceptibility is much greater than that of most other gas molecules and is ideal for determining
the level of oxygen in contextual gas mixtures propagated through combustion.
The paramagnetic sensor is a cylindrical-shaped container with a small glass "dumbbell'located
inside. The dumbbell is filled with an inert gas and hangs on a suspended platinum wire within a
non-uniform magnetic field. When a sample gas containing oxygen is processed through the
sensor, the oxygen molecules are attracted to the stronger of the two (2) magnetic fields. This
causes a displacement of the dumbbell which results in a rotational effect. When a gas flows
through the paramagnetic oxygen sensor, oxygen molecules are attracted to the stronger areas
of the magnetic field, causing the dumbbell to rotate.
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ln the M&C Products PMA22, an opposing current is applied to restore the dumbbellto its normal
position. The current required to maintain the dumbbell in its normal state is directly proportional
to the partial pressure of oxygen and is represented electronically in percenl (vo)17 .
3.8 EPA Reference Method 7E (by proxy)
AlOx lnstrumental (Reference Procedure for EPA Reference Method 3A and Data Coll*tion)
EPA Reference Method 3A, Analysis of Oxygen Content in the Effluent Gas Sample, references
EPA Reference Method TEfor general requirements to properly collect and format data. 40 CFR
Part 60 EPA Method 7E, describes how to determine appropriate sample points, conduct initial
system measurements, interference analyses, sample collection, post-run system bias and drift
assessment, calibration and standardization, QC/QA procedures, and system performance
evaluations.
ln accordance with EPA Method 7E Section 16.1 - Dynamic Spike Proeedure, a dynamic spiking
procedure was used to validate test data (for all target constituents) in place of the interference
analyses and pre and post- run system bias analyses; where applicablels.
3.9 EPA Method 19
Determination of Sulfur Dioxide Removal Etficiency and Particulate Matter, Sulfur Dioxide, and
Nitrogen Oxide Emission Rates
EPA Method 19 is utilized to determine pollutant emission rates from the exhaust of the engine
unit. The oxygen concentration and F-factor (ratio of combustion gas volumes to heat inputs)
which is represented in units of dry standard cubic feet per million British Thermal Units
(DSCF/MMBTU) are used to determine exhaust flow rates. The client furnished Encino with an
application-specific (source) fuel-gas analysis, which was used to determine fuel caloric value.
Adjusted oxygen measurements were used with gross fuel caloric value to determine the oxygen
supported Fuel-factor on a dry basis.
Molecular constituency from the most recent fuel-gas sample was applied to the formulae
outlined in EPA Method 19; the output of these calculations is located in laDle 7 - Fuel Factor
Calculations,Table 8 - Emission Rate Calculations, and Table 9 - EPA Method 19 Fuel Composition
of this document.
t7 Partial Pressure: notional pressure of the constituent gas if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same
temperalure; measurement of thermodynamic activity of the gas's molecules. Charles Henrickson (2005). Chemistry.
18 Where applicable; the Dynamic Spike Procedure will be utilized in accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03 unless conditions arise
where a more stringent Dynamic Spike Procedure is necessary.
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3.10 EPA Method 205
Verification of Gas Dilution Systems for Field Instument Calibrations
A gas dilution system produces known low-level calibration gases from high-level calibration
gases, with a degree of confidence equal to that for EPA Protocol 1 gasesle. lt may be used for
compliance tests in lieu of multiple calibration gases when the gas dilution system is
demonstrated to meet the requirements of the prescribed method. EPA Method 205 verification
was completed in the field when the dilution concentrations were mixed and introduced to the
FTIR analyzer three (3) times to determine instrument response.
3.11 ASTM Method D6348-03
Standard lest Mettod for Determination of Gaseous Compounds by Extactive Dir*t lnterface
Fourier Tnnstorm lntrard Fnil Spectroscopy
Fourier transform infrared (henceforth "FTIR") spectroscopy is a measurement technique for
collecting infrared spectra and in this program was utilized to gather data for oxides of nitrogen
(NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)20. lt works on the principle
that most gases absorb infrared light. The quantity of infrared light absorbed is propoftional to
the gas concentration of the constituents. The captured infrared spectrum represents a
"fingerprint" of the sample with absorption peaks which correspond to the frequencies of
movement between the bonds of each compound's atoms. Since each compound represents a
unique combination of atoms, no two (2\ compounds produce identical absorption
characteristics. Therefore, infrared spectroscopy can identify each compound by comparing the
individual absorbency patterns to an established spectra library of known compounds.
Additionally, the size of the peaks in the spectrum is a direct indication of the amount of the target
constituent (compound or element) present.
The MKS Multigas" 2030 FTIR is configured with a fixed, effective optical path length of five and
e/eyen hundredths'rneters (5.1 1 m) (approximately 16.8 ft) and employs a helium-neon laser.
ln accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03, system response evaluations (system performance
"pre-analyses') were conducted prior to the test project. The instrument was configured to
analyze the sample at sixteen scans per minute (16 spm) to determine response time of the
optical cell to reach ninety-five percent (95%) of the known calibration value (ppm"d). ln the MKS
Multigas* - the optical cell is exactly one liter (1 L); therefore, the response time can be properly
le EPA Traceability Protocol for Assay and Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards; to provide analytical and statistical
procedures that may be used to establish NIST-traceability for gaseous calibration standards.
20 ln accordance with 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ; S60.4245(d) - ASTM Method 06348-03 (incorporated by reference - see 40 CFR
60.17) to measure VOC require reporting of all QA/QC data (Annexes 1-7). Table 4 to Subpart TZZZ ol Part 63 - Requirements for
Performance Tests.
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determined at a flow rate of (between) five and seven and a half liters per minute (5.00 LPM -
7.50 LPM; optics cell volume).
All FTIR data was collected at a spatial frequency between frye-tenths and one reciprocal
centimeter (0.5 - 1 .0 cm'l) resolution. Each spectrum was derived from the average of sixty (60)
scans. Data was collected continuously for each test, with a new data point generated every sixty
(60) seconds.
3.12 Discussion
ln accordance with 40 CFR $60.8(c)2r - Performance tests shall be conducted under such
conditions as the Administrator shall specify to the plant operator based on representative
pertormance of the affected tacility. The owner or operator shall make available to the
Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of the performance
tests. Operations during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute
representative conditions for the purpose of a performance test nor shall emissions in excess of
the level of the applicable emission limit during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction be
considered a violation of the applicable emission limit unless otherwise specified in the applicable
standard.
The two (2) methods which apply to measurements relating to fuel flow (EPA Method 2A and EPA
Method 2D) require calibration and verification of the metering device. Both methods discuss
introducing representative gases at known flow rates to demonstrate compliance with the
tolerances listed in each procedure (under "representative" conditions). This may be
accomplished one of two ways:
o ln-situ: A dedicated fuel flow metering device is isolated from the primary fuel system and
gases of known constituency and flowrates are introduced inline of the piping circuitry; or
. Ex-situ: An independent flowmeter (test meter) is calibrated and verified while challenged
with known gases and flowrates - to be installed at some point in the primary fuel system.
ln either case, the SI-RICE source will be required to power down to a) perform calibration and
verification of the dedicated meter through isolation or b) to install the independent meter - once
verified. By utilizing any one of these methods,Ihe source is potentially at risk of non-compliance;
pursuant to 40 CFR $60.8(c):
"Operations during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative
conditions for the purpose of a pertormance test..'
21 40 CFR $60.8 - Performance tests.
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Stafiup and shutdown procedures for certain types of Sl-RICE sources may include equilibrating
high-pressure systems (e.9., natural gas compression systems) to atmosphere. Typically, these
practices are limited to the allowances and thresholds outlined in the Air-Quality Authorization
(i.e., Air Permit) which governs the operation and performance of the SI-RICE source. ln this case,
the Sl-RICE source must be "prepared" for shutdown to calibrate the inline flow meter or installthe
independent meter. As such, any emissions from source preparation may exceed short-term
emission limits (of the Air Permit) and cause secondary pollutant impacts - particularly
greenhouse gases (henceforth "GHG") as natural gas (fuel gas) contains (predominantly)
methane (henceforth "CHa") possessing a globalwarming potential(henceforth "GWP) of atleast
27 times that of CO2.
After the SI-RICE (in gas compression service) is started, the engine must cycle for up to six (6)
hours -depending upon transmission gas availability since gas is generally rerouted prior to shut
down. Additionally, engine tuning (post startup) may be required to adjust for fuel pressure,
ambient conditions, and other operational variables. Therefore, in some cases, satisfying the
conditions and requirements of each method (EPA Method 2A or EPA Method 2D) create
scenarios which are not representative of routine operating conditions.
ln accordance with 40 CFR 560.8(d), the Administrator has been provided at least thirty days (30-
days) prior notice of this performance testing regimen. Unless otherwise indicated, instructed,
and/or advised, the testing body utilized the protocol outlined in the corresponding notification
See Section 7.5.
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4 OPERATION DESCRIPTION
The Waukesha 9394GS! spark-ignited internal combustion stationary engine is fueled with natural
gas and is used in either gas-transmission sen ice by driving a generator unit; stationary engine-
driven generator is used to increase pressure and continue the flow of natural gas to pipeline
pressure in order to supply the natural gas demand/distribution downstream or for electrical utility
generation to power a local microgrid. A copy of the stationary engine-specific manufacturer data
is included in Agpendix B of this report.
Descriptions of the utility and application of the Waukesha 9394GSl spark-ignited is located in
Table 2 and Appendix C.
4.1 Operational Data
Operational data of the spark-ignited stationary engine was recorded during each sample run.
This data included the load (percent; %) at which the stationary engine ran during the test and
various factors that help determine and ensure mechanical integrity of the stationary engine -
such as oil pressure, manifold pressure, and revolutions per minute of the mechanical compressor
unit (voltage and amperage where applicable). A copy of the field data sheets is included in
Appendix C of this report. Emissions source operational data is located in lable 2 of this report.
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5 SAMPLING SYSTEM CALIBRATION DATA
Pursuant to the QC/QA requirements outlined in each method and incorporated in this test
program, quality assurance activities were undertaken prior, during, and after each emissions
performance project. The following sections detail the QC/QA techniques and practices which
were rigorously followed during the testing program.
5.1 Oxygen Analyzer
The response of the oxygen analyzer was evaluated and adjusted in the field prior to the collection
of data via multipoint calibration. Oxygen analyzer calibration data - including error analysis and
bias corrections is located in laDle 3 of this report.
5.2 FTIR Analyzer
Linearity of the FTIR instrument was analyzed by first adjusting the zero (0) and span responses
to zero nitrogen (0-Nz), and then to an upscale calibration gas in the range of expected
concentrations (of each target analyte)22.
ln accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010) Annex 6 (A6.1), the noise equivalent
absorbance (henceforth "NEA) was determined by flowing nitrogen (zero air) through the gas
sample cell while collecting a "background" spectrum (in succession). Line position was
determined by flowing nitrogen through the gas sample cell and acquiring a spectrum which, in-
turn, was used to determine the wavelength that corresponds to the maximum peak absorbance
(line position) of water vapor in the region of 1,918 cm-1, or from 3,045 to 3,050 cm{ (or another
suitable spectral region that remains consistent)23. Additionally, the system resolution was
recorded and verified by flowing nitrogen through the gas sample cell and allowing equilibration
at sub-atmospheric pressure (approximately one hundred torr (100 torr)). An absorbance
spectrum was collected with a resolution at the one-half (1/2) width and the one-half (1/2)
maximum height of the water vapor lines in the region of 1,918 cmr (or, from 3,045 to 3,050 cm-l
or another suitable region that remains constant).
The instrument was then challenged with other calibration gases of known concentrations to
determine instrument response. A copy of instrument data displaying peak signal intensity and
analysis is represented by Figure 3.
5.3 Gas Diluter Validation
The dilution system was calibrated in accordance with EPA Method 205 to generate calibration
gases (analytes) where measured concentration values (ppm"d) are within two percent (t2%) of
22 ASTM Method D6348-03 (201 0), Annex 4 (A4.5) - Required Pretest Procedures.
23 ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010), Annex 6 (A6.2) - Line Position.
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the of the predicted values. The predicted values were calculated based on the certified
concentrations of the supply gases and gas flow rates ("dilution factors") through the gas dilution
system (measured by rotametetzo). A copy of the field gas dilution system calibration report is
located inTable 4.
Pursuant to EPA Method 205, the gas dilution system has been calibrated, on a prescribed interval
using N|ST-traceable primary flow standards whh an uncertainty ress than or equalto twenty-five
hundredth percent (s 0.25%). A copy of the factory gas dilution system validation certificate is
included in Appendix D of this report.
5.4 Sampling System
After each sample run, the analyzers were evaluated for zero (0) and span drift. The criterion for
acceptance verification;the instrument drift is no more than three percent (tSv"1 of the full-scale
response.
Absence of leaks in the sampling system was verified by a sampling system bias and performance
evaluation. The sampling system's integrity was tested by comparing the response of the
analyzers to the calibration gases which were introduced via two (2) paths:
1) Directly into the analyzer; and
2) Through the entire sample system, introduced at the probe.
Differences in instrument response by these two (2) methods is attributed to sampling system
bias. The criterion for acceptance is within five percent (J5%) of known values.
5.5 Calibration Gases
Gas mixtures were used that contained known concentrations of each larget analyte as well as
other gases necessary to adhere to the ASTM Method D6348-03 sampling procedure. These
gases were produced and certified in accordance with "EPA Traceability Protocol for Assay and
Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards', September 1997, as amended August 25,1999,
EPA -600/R-971121or more recent updates. Copies of gas cylinder certificates are included in
Appendix E.
21 A rotameter is a device that measures the volumetric flow rate of gas in a closed tube. R.C. Baker. Flow Measurement Handbook:
lndustrial Designs, Operating Principles, Performance, and Applications. (2016) 790 pages.
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FTIR DATA VALIDATION
ASTM Method 06348-03 (2010) includes stringent compliance requirements and QC/QA
practices for Encino's Emissions Technicians and OperationalSupport Project Managers to follow
while collecting and analyzing test data.
6.1 Minimum Detection Limits (MDL)
Pretest requirements include establishing "best case" readings for a known contaminant and
comparing it to actual field conditions2s. Best case minimum detectable concentrations
(henceforth "MDC" or "MDL"; interchangeable)26 are based on system noise - excluding
interferences like water and methane vapor. lnstrument response for target constituents is
detailed in Figure 4 of this report.
6.2 Calibration Transfer Standard and System Purge
A calibration transfer standard (henceforth "CTS") was analyzed prior to, and after testing. The
concentrations determined for all calibration standards were within five percent (t57o) of the
certified value of each standard (certified concentration)27. Ethylene passed through the entire
system to validate response and ensure that it was leak-free from the sample interface location
(probe) to the FTIR instrument2s. A copy of the CTS repoft is included in lable 5. Nitrogen was
also purged through the sample system to ensure that it remained free from contaminants.
6.3 Dynamic Spiking and Recovery
Analyte dynamic spiking is performed prior to each test project to determine the system's ability
to quantitatively deliver measurements from the base of the sample interface location (probe) to
the FTIR, and to confirm the ability of the FTIR to quantify each analyte spike in the presence of
effluent gas.
The spiking gases contained a low concentration of sulfur hexafluoride (SFo) which was used in
the spiked sample to calculate the dilution factor (DF) of the spike; and thus, used to calculate the
2s ASTM Method 06348{3 (2010); Annex A2 - Determination of FTIR Measurement System Minimum Detectable Concentrations
(MDC/MDL) and Overall Concentration Uncertainty.
26 Minimum Detection Limit (or level) is the minimum concentration thal can be measured with 99% confidence that the value is above
zero.
27 ASTM Method D6348-03; Section 1 1.3.4 Pre-Test Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)- Flow the calibration transfer slandard gas
through the FTIR gas c-ell, Analyze the CTS gas and verify the results are within 5 % of the certified value.
28 ASTM Method D6348-03 (20'l 0) Annex A4, A4.5 - Conduct a system mechanical response time test by directing the CTS gas through
the entire sampling system including the primary particulate matter fiher cartridge. The mechanical response lime is the time required
for the gas to equilibrate fully within the sampling system" lt is a function of the length of the sample transport line, the gas cell volume
(1 L), and the flowrale through the FTIR sample cell (5.00 LPM - 7.5 LPM). Reference Sectbn 3.0.
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concentration of the spike gases. The DF for all analyte spikes was less than one-to-ten (1 :10).
All spike recoveries were within the ASTM Method D6348-03 Annex 5 allowance of thirty percent
(130%) as listed in lable 6 of this reportze.
In rnstances where EPA Method 7E applies, the spike recoyeries are validated within one hundred -
plus or minus ten percent 0A0%, !10%). Pre- and post- spike procedures willbe documented if the
Reference Method (EPA Method 7E) was utilized.
6.4 Review of Test Methodologies and Spectral Data Validation
To verify compliance with ASTM Method D6348-03 Standard lest Method for Determination of
Gaseous Compounds by Extractive Direct ln|r"rtace Fourier Transform (FTIR) Spectroscopy the
following data validation steps were completed30,31:
1 . The Test Plan was reviewed to ensure that the recommended testing conditions were used
to collect the data (e.9., verified the correct testing intervals, requisite observations, and
samples) and that the temperature and pressure requirements were met.
2. The spectral data was reviewed to ensure that a background spectrum (instrument zero)
was obtained at the beginning of the testing program32.
3. Field calibration data for each target analyte as well as the CTS were reviewed for the
instrument to ensure that the results obtained from each measurement were within five
percent (t5%) of certified values.
4. Pretest and post-test data were evaluated to ensure that the CTS gases were used to
perform the instrument stability evaluations and that the results were within five percent
(t5%) of the certified values.
5. Dynamic spiking data were reviewed to ensure that each spiked compound was recovered
within thirty percent (t307o) of each certified value.
6. An inspection of water absorbency at a spatial absorbance of one-thousand, nine-hundred,
and eighteen reciprocalcentimeters (1,918 cm-r) was conducted to evaluate line position
and line width (as a measure of resolution) of selected spectra.
2e ASTM Method D6348-03; Annex 5 - Analyte Spiking Technique.
30 The review of test methodologies and acquired data (spectral and other) is performed by a degreed environmental professional
(Environmental Scientist, Environmental Chemist, or Engineer) with a minimum of seven (7) years relevant experience and versed in
ASTM and EPA sampling protocol.
31 ASTM Method D634-03; Annex 8 - Post Test Quality Assurance/Control Procedures.
32 ASTM Method D6348{3 (2010); Annex A6 - Determination of System Performance Parameters - Noise Equivalent Absorbance
(NEA), Line Position, and Detector Linearity.
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7. The sample spectrum was reviewed for each sample run; manual scaling was compared
to the calculated FTIR results.
6.5 QualiU Management
The primary objective of this testing program is to provide the Regulated Entity and/or Regulatory
Agency with unahered and unbiased environmental measurements and data collected, managed,
and distributed in a manner consistent with laboratory, requisite methodologies, and regulatory
policies/procedures.
Additionally, Encino maintains and strictly follows a three-phase (3-phase) Quality Management
Plan/Processs (henceforth "QMP'; which details facilities, laboratory practices, methods,
personnel, and equipment necessary for meeting QC/QA objectives.
The policies and practices of QC/QA outlined in this report are set forth as minimum requirements.
Any additional measures required by a testing project are documented in Appendix C.
33 Quality Management Plan (QMP); QMP-1 5.0048-{X}1 REV 1.
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7 EMISSIONS CALCULATIONS
7.1 Emission Rates
Oxygen (Oz) concentrations (expressed in units of percent;%) and appropriate F-factors were used
to calculate pollutant emission rates from pollutant concentrations. EPA Method 19, Formula 19-
1, was used to derive the post-combustion exhaust flow rates - expressed in units of standard
cubic feet per hour (henceforth "SCFH") from diluent measurements (% Oz), fuel-gas analysis (site-
specific), and the heat input values ("R"; MMBTU/hr) obtained from the gas-spec lower and higher
heating values ("LHV" and "HHV"). EPA Method 19 fuelfactor derivation and pollutant emission
rate calculations are included in lable 7 and Table 8 of this report (respectively).
7.2 Fuel Analysis
Michael Duplantis, EHS with Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc, supplied a site-specific fuelgas analysis
which was used to develop the EPA Method 19 Fuel Composition for method-approved emission
rate calculations. A copy of the customer-supplied analysis is included in Figure 5 of this report.
The EPA Method 19 FuelComposation can is located in IaDIe 9.
7.3 Engine Performance Data
Technical data regarding the performance and overall operation of the engine was supplied by the
manufacturer (Appendix B). A copy of the engine-specific data sheet is included in Appendix F.
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8 RAW DATA
Raw data was captured and recorded on the EmCollect" DAS and includes allcalibration activities,
sample system integrity evaluations, validations, and data collected during each sample run. A
copy of the DAS report is included inAppafiixGg.
s As defined by The Air Quality System (AQS; EPA); Raw Data represents data that has been successfully loaded (with automated
relational checks performed/passed) and is ready for review. Data is only visible to members of the screanitg group responsible for
the monitor and will not be included in any reports except for those specifically designed to view preproduction data.
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9 QUALIFICATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS
Please refer to Appendix H for resumes of key personnel who have contributed to the completion
of this project.
9.1 ASTM Method D7036-04
$andard Pnctice for Competence of Air Emission lesting Bodies
This practice specifies the general requirements for competence to carry out sampling and
analysis for air emissions tests of stationary sources. lt covers testing and calibration performed
using standard methods, non-standard methods and methods developed by the Air Emissions
Testing Body ("AETB")35.
Encino Environmental Services, LLC demonstrates conformance to ASTM Method D7036-04 in
accordance with the following:
1. The AETB follows a QMP that addresses each of the requirements listed in Method ASTM
D7036-04.
2. The AETB maintains an organization which includes the following professionals:
. TechnicalManager;
. Quality Manager;and
. Qualified lndividual.
3. Emissions Performance Test Plans are required for all projects (including non-regulatory
applications).
4. The AETB performs internal audits at least once annually.
5. Laboratory management certifies program objectives and conformance with ASTM
Method D7036-04.
To inquire about ASTM Method D7036-04 conformance and practices, contact Operational
Support from the options listed in Section 7.5 of this document.
3s ASTM Method D7036{6 - Standard Practice for Competence of Air Emission Testing Bodies.
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FIGURES
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Emissions Test Report
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Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Figure 3: Peak Signal lntensity and Analysis (Quality Analysis)
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Dats December 6,2023
Document EtrF23-158$001 REV 0
Figure 4:Detection Limits
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Emissions Test Report
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Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
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Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583{0'l REV 0
TABLES
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Table 2: Emissions Source Data
SlrycrFrrfrU
Tc.tDdc: f0/25I2023
$emph km
Average
lrt Znd 3d
Test Run
Start Time 08:59 10:06 11 12
End Time 09:59 11:06 12:12
Logging lnterval (minutes)60 60 60 60
Ambient Conditions
Dry Bulb / Ambient Temperature ("F)45 48 52 48
Wet Bulb Temperature ("F)N/A N/A N/A 0
Average Humidity (ozo)57 43 43 47.667
Barometric Pressure (inches Hg)29.98 29.97 29.94 29.963
Elevation (AMSL;ft)7,167
Emissions Source
Manufacturer Waukesha
Model 9394GSt
Serial Number 1457259
Unit Number 1251
Manufacture/Rebuild Date (DOM)N/A
Source Category Stationary Engine
Fuel Type (e.9., natural gas, diesel, DGB):NaturalGas
Emissions Source Operational Data
Fuel flow rate; EPA Method 2C or 2D Determined By BSFC(LHV)
Fuelflow rate (SCFH)9,964.62 9,964.62 10,067.35 9,998.87
BSFCuxv (BTU/BHP/hr)4,850.00 4,850.00 4,900.00 4,866.67
Rich Burn / Lean Burn (excess air)Rich Burn
Calculated Load (7")90.0%90.0% 90.09o 90.0vo
Current Power (HPutirizea)2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.O0
Manufacturer Max Rated Power (BHP)2500
Manufacturer Max Rated Speed (RPM)1 200
Emission Control Equipment Catalyst
Engine Type Spark-lgnited
Engine Hours (hrs)22565
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date:December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Bias Corrections
Table 3-4
Example Calculation of Post-OxygetTconecred (% Ol For lst fest Run
\,gas -
Ugas _
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CO
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Snapper F*ility
Teet Date: 7O12512U23
Sample Run
Averagc
1i 2rd 3rd
Post Oxygen (% Oz)
Measured -1.480 -1.434 1.400 -1 .44
Conected 0.(po 0.000 0.000 0.00
I oroo l%
Average effluent gas concentration adjusted for bias, expressed in units of parts per
million by volume, dry basis (ppmd) or percent (%); 'Corrected" value listed in lable
3-1.
Average unadjusted gas concentration indicated by the analyzer instrument
expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppmd) or percent (%);
"Measured" value listed in lable 3-l-
Average of initial and final system calibration bias analysis response for low{evel
calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppm,d)
or percent (%) located inTable 3-2.
Average of initial and final system calibration bias analysis response for upscale
calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppm,d)
or percent (%) located inTable 3-2.
Concentration of upscale calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by
volume. dry basis (ppmd) or percent (%) located inTable 3-2.
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6, 2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Table 4: Gas Diluter Validation
lnslrument Teledyne Advanced Pollution lnstrumentation; Model T700
Type: Dynamic Dilution Calibrator
Seria! Number: N/A
Ilate Time: Oct 25. 2O23 07 50
Validation Gas: Oxygen Concentration:
Diluted Gas:Oxygen Concentration:
Target Cqrcentration:
Dihned Gas: Oxygen Concentration:
Target Concentration:
13.03%
100.00%
12.00%
100.00%
6.00%
Average: '12.94%
Deviation: -0.67*
Average: 12.94%
Deviation: -0.67%
Andysis Run Obeewed
1
2
3
5.99 9.
6.08 %
6.08 %
Average: 6.05 %
Deviation: 0.3:t%
EPA }1eilfrd 205: Verillcattroa of Gas l)rlirt m qfsbms for Fteld trstnmtcnt Cetibratbns; A gas dilution system produces known low-
level calibration gases frorn high-level calibration gases with a degr* of confidence similar to that for EPA Protocol 1 gases. tt may
be usd for compliance tests in lieu of multiple calibration gases when the gas ditution sptem is verified to meet the rcquircments of
the Method.
Oxygcn fur€,lyzcr. Oxygen concentations wete determined instrumentally by EPA Reference Method 3A. All raw data can be viewed in
Apendix G. Oxygen calibration procedures and resu/ts can be found in Tabtc 3 and within the repoft naffative. An M&C Products
Model PMA 22 paramagnetic analyzer was used for verification of the gas dilution system.
lmtysis Run Obeenled
1
2
3
'12.94%
12.94%
12.95%
Analysie Run Obc€n sd
1
2
3
12.94vo
12.94 o/"
'12.95%
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Pre-Test Dirqt
Table 5: Calibration Transfer Standard
Oct 25,2O23O7:53
TrlctCqrccntrlton
bpm)
-0.54%
-2.91%
1.71%
2.9't%
0
0
0
0
Ethylene (CzHr)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (N0)
Propane (CaHe)
Acetaldehyde (CaHaO)
136
7,200
7,2N
3,700
I00
0
0
0
0
Ethylene (C2Hr)ao
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CsHa)
Acetaldehyde (CzHrO)
135
7,200
7,200
3,700
100
Pre-fe$ System Oct 25, 2O23 O7:53
Post-Iest Direct Oct 25, 2023 12:30
3s System response is defined as the iime required for the system to reach 95% (as observed by the instrument) of the certified value
of each analyte (cylinder or target concentration).
3e Start and stop daia is acquired frorn MG2000 data (LAB files).
ao Target ethylene concenlration for pre-test system performance evaluation is based on pre-test system'direct'concenttation reading;
ASTM Method D6348-03 (201 0) 1 1 .4.1 Analyze the CTS gas and verify that the pathlength resulls agtee to wilhin 5 % of the certified
value of the CTS. Record the measurement results.
TugctConcclrtrlthn
(ppm)
20
150
120
60
Ethylene (CuHr)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CsHe)
Acetaldehyde (CzHrO)
130
6,s00
6,500
4,000
100
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-00'l REV 0
Table 6: ASTM Method D6348-03 - Annex 5 Analyte Spiking Technique
Ptt.T.dFnnD.o'r
Sample File Begin: | 210
Sarnple File Frnal: I 356
CYhrdrDa:I.a
ADlyt Concilmbn
(pnr)o
Ca6on Monoxide (CO)
Nnnc oxid€ (No)
Propane (CrHe)
Aelaldehyde (C2HaO)
Ethylene (Crll.)
Sulfur Hexafluonde rrr. (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluotide Etryr' (SFo)
Sullur Hexafluoride ereav* (SFe)
493.90
483.60
513.30
NiA
N/A
5.10
N/A
N/A
Oct 25,2023 08:25
ln 4ctrdilc€ with ASTM l,€t,i,d 0634E43 Section ', ,,
. 3. 5 (Annex 5), and SOP MTHDASIM-D634843&1
Atladtrent+ (Analyte Srbg ledrirque) percent reove,y proecdures and alculations rerc Edmed
fu at qplicabbwn,pnds (lagEtconst luer.9.
Sf.Collcqffion (pF)
Conpo.rd t 81 I.AB 2 tlB 3 Avcragc
C{bm Dioxide (COr)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxde (NO)
Propane (CrHa)
Acetaldehyde (CrH{O)
Elhylene (Crtln) q
Waler Vapor (H?O)
Sultur Hexafudide a.lr& (SF6)
Sullur Hexaiuside eryrmt (SFo)
Suttur Hexanuoridek** (SFr)
1.951
130.000
5.m0
15.@
N/A
ivA
4.996
0.030
N/A
N/A
1.958
I 30.000
5.0@
1 5.000
N/A
N/A
5.030
0.010
N/A
N/A
1.913
130.000
5.0@
l 5.000
N/A
N/A
5.0'13
{.0u
N/A
N/A
1.941
130.000
5.0@
15.000
N/A
N/A
5.013
0.012
N/A
N/A
Rscovsry lor each amlyle
must be between TAoh - 130%
(1 30%)
EFffitr'
. , - lspr.d tu.at,u(6 @a) - 5.o.l.dnmttuinn tw)l x Lt - !yy::yyy:!l
Sa4pl!FrorPet! GPir)6;5.O Artrlg*k fbxn.r!GPrI'
" fimstanp inlomatiil obleined lrcm MG2@0 LAB fihs.
11 Gases werc Nodu&d and Mtitied in accr,dantr with 'EPA ft#ability Pnl@ol fu Assay ed Cenificatkm o, Gawus CaliDralron Standards", Septffi bq 1997, as ameded August
25,1949, EPA4@/R-97/121 ot morc remt updates.
$ C@@nlati6s rcr/€snl ten percent (10%) of aclual boft]€ Mtntkn as ps ASTM D634843 - Anrex 5 (Anatyle *d(ing TechniqP); ed Attachment F of Ercirc SOP MTHD
ASTMO634&03401.* Ps ASTM 0634&03, a spike recovery analysis is nol required for ethyl€ne (CTS). |.iows. an ethyl€ne spite may be p€rformed and used to satisfy lhe spike rsvery
reqrirmnts tor VOC (in |teu ot propane - C3).
ns Pu ASTM D634843, slack smple must iwolye al teasl ftfts (19 indeBndent smptes; equiyalenl to lire (5) e{ rctums. fhe volurc ol the cell in lhe MKS m3O- FflR is one
(l ) litec thuelqe, at a smple rate of liye (5) literc pet minute (LPM), the eil is friled live (g rires at sixts (16) scas.
0.5
Cebon Moruide (C0)
NitrE Oxide iNO)
Propm (C:lle)
Ethylene (C2tL)
Ac€taldehyde (CrHrO)
$tGAYGr.gc.
Coeonnd Conc.nMo.l(Fm)
Carbon Dioxide (C02)
Carbon Monoxide (Co)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propare (C:Ha)
Acstal&hyde (C?HIO)
Elhylene (Czllr)
Water Vapor (HO)
Sulfur Hexalluqide rer. (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluoride Eru* (SFo)
fultur Hexaiuoritle u'er* (SFo)
236.062
.2.O73
17.241
NaN
NaN
O&rhnnilh.
Cdpormd Mgc(t)
Carbon Dbxide (COr)
Wats Vapot (HzO)
Sulfur H€xanuoride dr. (SF6)
Sulfur H€xafluoride E*ryr* (SF6)
Sulfur Hexafluonde r'eyc (SFo)
,s.82%
-23.U%
0.23%
N/A
N/A
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Nomenclature
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Table 7: EPA Mcilrod 1 Fuel Fastor Galculatione
OzFa
K
IG
rG
G
l(r
rG
GCV
Oz F-factor, DSCF/million BTU
Conversion factor (1,000,000 BTU)
3.64 SCF of exhausUlb of hydrogen
1.53 SCF of exhaust/lb of carbon
0.57 SCF of exhausVlb of sulfur
0.14 SCF of exhausVlb of nitrogen
0.46 SCF of exhausVlb of oxygen
Gross caloric value of fuel analysis.
(percent %)
(percent %)
(percent %)
(percent %)
(percert %)
lnput
Percent of Total Mass (from fuel ana[sis){t
22.21
76.22
0.00
0.21
1.36
(xx x tt1+ (lG X c) +x s)+ (lt"x$ - (t<ox o) x x
GCV
&Fa 8,469.401 D!rcF/mmBTU
6 EPA ltlefiod 19; Section 12.3.2.1, Equation 1913.
Hydrogen %
Carbon %
Sulphur %
Nitrogen %
Oxygen %
H
c
s
il
o
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Table 8: Method 19 Emission Rate Calculations
SnappcrFrdllty
ToctDrtc 1U251129:B
SampleRun
Avarqe
1st 2nd 3rd
Fuel
HHV (BTU/SCF)1,203.173
LHV (BTU/SCF)1,095.1?4
F-factor (DSCF/MMBTU)8,469.401
Measured Concentrations
02 (vol 9o) correoeo 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00
CO (ppm,d)75.701 52.761 56.24'l 61.57
NOx (ppmd)10.775 8.226 20.o41 13.0',|
VOCrornL (ppm'd)11.941 12.789 14.018 12.92
THC (ppm,d)93.879 99.897 90.063 94.61
HCHO (ppmd)-0.216 -o.204 -0.167 -0.20
Operating Conditions
Engine Horsepowerulzg6 (HP)2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.0O 2.250.OO
Fuel Flow Rate Qr (SCFH)9,964.62 9,964.62 10,067.35 9,998.87
BSFCTHV (BTU/BHP'hr)4,850.00 4,850.00 4,900.00 4,866.67
Fuel BTU Consumplion (MMBTU/h0 1',l.99 11.99 12.11 12.03
Exhaust Flow Rate - Qo (SCFH)101,54',1.09 101,541.09 102,587.91 101,890.03
Exhaust Flow Rate (SCFM)1,692.35 1,692.35 1,709.80 1,698.17
Engine Hours (hrs)2'2565
Converter Pressure Drop (in HzO)N/A
Duty (kw-hr)N/A N/A N/A N/A
Calculated Emissions
co
(lbi hr)0.559 0.389 0.419 0.456
(ton/yr)2.M6 1.705 L836 1.996
(g/BHP-hr)0.113 0.078 0.085 o.092
(ppm"d at 15'6 02)21.370 14.894 15.877 17.380
lb/MMBtu 0.051 0.036 0.038 0.042
NOr
(lb/hr)0.131 0.1 00 0.245 0.159
(ton/yr)0.572 0.437 r.075 0.694
(s/BHP-hr)o.026 0.020 0.049 0.032
(ppm"d at 15e" Oz)3.042 2.322 5.658 3.674
lb/MMBtu 0.012 0.009 0.022 0.014
VOCnr
(rb/h0 0.139 0.149 0.165 0.151
(ton/yr)0.608 0.651 0.721 0.660
(s/BHP-h0 0.028 0.030 0.033 0.030
(ppmd at 15% Oz)3.371 3.610 3.957 3.&6
lb/MMBtu 0.01 3 0.014 0.01 5 0.014
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6.2023
Document EM-23-1 583-001 REV 0
L 385.5 SCF,Yohmeof 1 ohof idealgne st68'Ffl ctn
grrnVb 4i5,?.y,.24 grane honepou l(a53.6 gnams/lb)
EIto-tttE.
C!28.0102
grams/rnole
CHr 16.0400
NOx 46.0056
Propanevoc 4.0972
HCHO 30.026'l
SOz 64.0660
Nrh 17.0306
@
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2O23
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
APPENDICES
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
SINGI."E POINT SAMPLING
Date: December 6,2O23
Document EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
rORY JUSTIFIGATION
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Fraati:
To:
s.airt:
Dx.:
Cad-bla
&al6qib
EPA 7E Single hint snflrtq
Friday, Daocrbcr 21, 2018 ,l:!:2.t Pl{
Joe,
As we disanssed there is some confusion about Single point sampling and when it is allowed. fu as
we discussed during our recent phone call:
ln summary there are provisions for srngle point sampling for rnstrumental sampling of pollutants;
however, it must be justified by either having a small stack or by proving no stratffication exists using
astratificationtest. lwouldnotethatthestratificationtestshouldbeconductedpnortoeach
testing event at each individual source, even if that particular source or others of same make, model,
and manufacture year have previously proven unstratified during prior source testing. The rational
we discussed from the method is below.
According to EPA Method 7-E, Section 8.1.2:
3rd sentence "lf testing fo r mu ltip le pollu tants or diluents at the same site, a stratafication test using
only one pollutant or diluent satrsfies this requirement." So any pollutant or diluent measured can
be used to conduct a stratification test. And the stratification test is conducted according to Method
1.
Alternatively, a stratification test may be conducted (6th sentence) "...at three points on a line
passing through the centroidal area"... as stated in the following sentences.
4thsentence: "Astratificationtestisnotrequiredforsmall stacksthatarelessthan4inchesin
diarneter."
tf the source is considered unstratified due to the testint results or is less than 4 inches in daameter,
sin8le point sampling from the point that most closely matches the mean of the rtratif ication test (or
centroid point for stacks less than 4 inches in diameter).
40 CFR lJlJ (Table 2-1.a.i.(1)(a) [also Table 2-1.b and 2-1.c for CO and VOC respectively) expands on
this to "Alternatively, for NOX, 02, and moisture measurement, ducts =6 inches in diameter may be
sampled at a single point located at the duct centroid and ducts >6 and =12 inches in diameter may
be sampled at 3 travere points located at 15.7, 50.0, and 83.3% of the measurement line ('3-point
long line'). lf the duct is >1.2 inches in diameter and the sampling port location meeb the two and
hatf-diameter criterion of Section 11.1.1 of Method 1 of zlo CFR part 60, Appendix A, the duct may
be sampled at '3-point long line'; othenrrrise, conduct the stratification testing and select sampling
points according to Section 8.1.2 of Method 7E of 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A."
Please feel free to contact me for additional discussion or clarification.
Carl Ortmann
Work Leader, Air Program
Texas Commbsion on Environmental Quality
Region 13- San Antonio
14250 Judson Road, San Antonio, TX 78233
Direct(210) Q3-N72
ffiice [phone]
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
MANUFACTURER
Date: Decembet 6,2023
Document EM-23-1583{01 REV 0
DATA SHEET
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6, 2023
Documenr: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Technicol Doto
Cylindors YIS
Prslon I j3ii .- 1 'li4 . )
drsploc6ren:
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Documenr: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
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Datq December 6, 2023
Document EMi23-1 583-001 RE\, 0
APPEIIDIX C
FIELD DATA SHEETS AND COMMUNICATIONS
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date:December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
NOT APPLICABLE
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facili$
Datc: December6,20?3
Document EIt#23-1 583-{n1 RE\l 0
APPENDIX D
GAS DILUTER VALIDATION CERT]FICATE
@
Emissions Test Report
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@
Date: Decernber 6,2023
Document EM-23-1583-fi)1 REV 0
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Datex December 6,2023
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Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1583{01 REV 0
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Faeility
Date: December 6,2023
Documenr: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
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Page 3
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Dato: December 6,2023
Document Eif23-1S93{01 RBI 0
APPEHDIX E
GAS CYLI HDER CERTIFICATES
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Documenl: EM-23-1 583-00] REV 0
CERTIFIED STAN DARD-SPEC
Custoriler:
Part No.:
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date. December 6,2023
Document. EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
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Snapper Facilrty
Date Decenr:e'6, l;-3
Docur-r.ient EM-23 '1 583 001 REV 0
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Emlssions Test Report
Snapper Facility
@
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1583{01 RE\/ 0
NE DATA
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6, 2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
Test Variables
JoD Numbe{ I CS2}lLC
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper FaciliU
Date: Decembrrr6,2023
Docunent EM-23-1583{X}1 RB/ 0
State of Utah
$pg!.tcERr" @xfutu
DEIDN,E HENDERSONIlxaCmr
Deprtmant of
Enviromcntat Qualiry
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DAQE-AI{1512r0002-A
Februery 13, 2023
Kankrlccr
Cnnoe Encrg Syrtar, hcorpcdcd
164l C.lifrmi. Strro€t. $lilc,O0
D€mr,OO80202
[e-mail]
Dcrr }rt. Pedcr:
Rs: Approul Odcc
N* Drchanc Drtr CsatrrPurcr Stdin
Pnojet Numtcr: Nf61210002
Tho etrcftcd Approal ord€r(AO) i ilcucd to lh€ Notic. of Int€nt (NOI) rcoeivod oo
Scptanbc 9, 2042 GurocEncrg Sptcmo, hcepll*lc rtatc rcgircmffi (R307), ad Fcdcrd
corpty with the rcquirtrrc u. of thb AO, all
nlc projoa cagircr fc thb adion ir Chridrc who ca bc codrclcdef ($5) 29G26$ m
cbodo[@utah"gsv. Frturc crrcapmdacc on ftir rhoutd incMc{rc angino.dr nrrc.r well ar tho
DAQEmnbcrfiorwn onthc ryprrigtt lmd
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facili{
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
STATE OF UTAH
Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Air Quality
APPROVAL ORDER
DAQE-ANl6t2t0002-23
New Duchesne Data Center Power Station
Prepared By
Christine Bodell, Engineer
(38s) 2m-2690
[e-mail]
Issucd to
Crusoe tr)nerp Systems, Incorporated - Duchesne Dete Center Power Stetion
Issued On
February 13,2023
Issued By
,4r**l
Brycc C. Bird
Director
Division of AirQuality
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Docrment EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
....,................'........,'.. 4
.-...-.--....*-..5
5
6
ll
t2
CONTENTS
TITLDISIGNATLIRE PAGE
GENENAL INTONMATION
CONTACT/IJOCATION INTORMATrcN
SOURCE INFORMATION ..................... 3
Crcrreral Dcscriptiql .................................3
NSR C!assificdion..................................
Source C|assification.................
Apptcable Fed'eral Standardc ...................... 3
hojecl Description
SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS.....
SECTION T Gf,I\tERAL
SDCTION IT: PtrRMITTED
SDCTION tr: SPECIAL
PENMITHISTONY
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
DAQE-AN16l2l0002-Zi
Page 3
GENERAL INFORMATION
CONTACT/IOCATION INFORMATION
Owner Neme
Crusoe Ercrgy Syetans, Incorpordod
Meiling Address
1641 Califomia Src€( Suite 4U)
Dem,er. CO 80202
Souroe Contect
Name Kea Parter
Phone [phone]
Eruil kcn@ca"rsoc€ncrgy. eorn
SIC code 1389 (Oil & Gas Field Services. NEC)
Source Nerne
Crusoc Energv Svstcms. Incotrporllcd - Dudrcsne
Data Crnter Porrs Stetim
Phlsical Address
I N{ile North East ofUpalco
Dudresne Counlv, t-rT
UTlt Coordinates
567.859 m Easting
4"460,1.10 n Northing
Darum NAD&3
L|TI\{ Zone 12
SOTIRCE INFORTIATION
General Deccriotion
Crusoe Energy Systeme. trncorporated (Cnsoe) has requested l,o opoate a data centsr power statkm in
DuchesneC.ormty. Thedatacenterpouerstation*illcontaintwo(2)cornpressorengines.ten(10)
gencrator €ngines, and one ( I ) trrbine:, all thb equipment will tre fircled by gas that would odrerwise be
flared. The gas comes frorn the adjaceot XCL Facility to dre north and other n€arby locationr. Natural
gas will be muted to comF€ssor engines to iocrease lho pressure ofthe gas prior to the mcchanical
refrigeration unit (N{RLI). Ihe MRLI atipo out nahral gas liqui& (NGLs), creating a leaner gas to be fed
to the hnbinc. Part of thc MRI-I process includes {rc cihylenc glycol (EG) dohydntion units that removc
water &om the flukl ctsearn The gas is then dircctcd to the generator enginos and twbioc. The generaton
and tutbine us€ the gar as fuel to generate electricity for small data centers thrt will also be located oosite.
The NGLs will be stored in pressurized storage tanls bcfore being loadcd offeite. Two (2) diesel-fuel
emergency engine gsr€rators will be on site to power the data ceolers should the compressc engines.
gcnerator engines. turtine. and dohl'drators go down c if lhere is a loss of ufility clectrical power.
NSR Classification
Ncu'Major Sorcc - Non-Attainmsnt Area
Source Classificatinn
leat€d in Uinra Basin O-3 NAA
Duchesrrc County
Ain Sowce Size: A
Applicable Fedcrrl Strrdrds
NSPS (Pad 60), A: General Provisioos
NSPS (krt 60), UI: Standards of Pcrformancc for Statiowy- Compression lgrition Intemal
Combration Engincc
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
DAQE-AN16r2l(xm2-2i
Page 4
NSIIS (Part 60). JJJJ: Standards ofPerformanix lbr Stationary Spark Ignition Intcrnal
Combrstion Iingincs
NSI'fi (Part 60). KKKK: Standards of Performance fo,r Stationan Combustion I'urbines
NSIS (Part 60)- (.XXX)a: Standar& of Pertirrmancc for Crude Oil and Natural Ga.s Facilities
for which Construction, \{odification or Reconsbuc{ion Commenced After Septvnber 18.
201 5
\t-{CT ( Patr 63). A: Cn;rlcral Provisions
\1ar(1' ( Part 63). HII: National Emission Standardr for Hazardous Air Pollutants From ( )il and
Natural Gas hoduction Facilitie.s
\I.,\CT (Part 631. ZZ.ZZ: National Emissions Standrrds fc I Iazardous .\ir Pollutanls for
Stationarl Recip,rosting Intqnal Combustion Engines
Titlc \r (Par1 70) \,Iajor Sourcr
Proicct Dcscriolion
Crusoe has requeslcd a no* major source to house r &la cmter power station. The facility will requirc
trro (2) 5-1(} HI1 gas-l-urxl compressor engines. ten ( I0) 2.500 HP. gas-lired gcnerator engines. one ( I )
13.6"1.1kW. gls-lirgd turbinc, and two (2) 2"fiX) kV. diesel-tired crncgencl engine gcncratom. The
source is also requesting two (2) 4 million standard cubic fed ptr day (I{IILSCFD) ethllene gl1'col
dehl-drators. each with a flash tanli and 0.55 million British thermal unils per hour ( \[\'IBtufu) reboiler
Additionalll-. Cnrsre is rcquesting thre (3) pressuriz.cd natural gas liquids (NGL) tanLs on site.
SU\M.1, RY OF EITISSIONS
The ernhsions listed belorv are an estimate ol'the total polentirl ernissions from the source. Some
rounding of unissions ir p<xsible.
('ritnir Pollutanl Chansc (TPY)Total fi'PY)
CO, Fouivalenl l8-3-153.00
Carbon \{onoxide I I 1.42
Nitroqen (Xides 96.59
Pariiculatc Mrtter - P\[.
Prdinrlrre f,llhm - PI\f.,7.17
Sulfur Dioxidc 4.88
\rolatile Chcanic ComnormrJs 36.61
Hazardous .{i r Pollutanl Chanpe (lhny'vr)Total 0bdrr)
,{cdaldehrde (CAS {75070)4240
-{.crolein {CAS { 107028)3S60
Bqume (Includins Bcmme From Gasolinc) (C.AS ,71432)2!X0
Elhvl Benzene (CAS i 100414)100
Formalddrr''de (CAS c50m0)1340
Generic HAk (C.LS nGfL{PS)L120
Irlethmol (C..LS ri67561 4600
Toluene {CAS 1108883)I060
\r'lcns (Isornrrs .{nd \ Iisture) ( (-AS I I 3i0207}380
Chrnm ITPV)Total flPY)
'l'otal H-AI\10..l{l
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Documenr: EM-23-'1583-001 REV 0
D.\QE-.r\- l6 l 2 I fin2-21
Page 5
SECTION I: GENERAL PROVISIONS
.{Il detmrtrons. terms. abbrel'Btlons. and reterences sed tn thrs A( ) conlbrm to tllose usod in
the U,\C R307 and 40 CFR. l.'rnluss notcd othcru'ise. rcferenm citcd in thesc..\O conditions
refer to those rulils. [Rr07-10 I I
I hc lunils s$ lonh m tltls AU shau nol bc e\c&dcd rvlthoul prror apprcval. lR{07-401|
.\lou[rsatlons lo lhe qupmml o'r pfoclTs€s approved bv thls .\( ) that could allocl lhc
emissions covered bv tftis AO must tre revieu'ed and approved. lR.i07*lOl-ll
l..l rUl reiior(s relerenceo ln Ins ,-LU or m omer appttgble rules. $nlcn are requrnsd to be l(epl b]
the ou ntr opcrator, shall be made arailable to the Direclor or Dir*tor's represenlath c upon
requlst. and lhc rs;ords shall include 0re tuo-1car priod prior lo the date ol'thc luqucst-
l'nlcss othcru ise specfiod in this ,\( ) or in other applicable statc and fcdcral rulcs. rccords
shall bc kupt for a minimum of tu o ( 2) vcars. [Ri07J0 l -81
.\t all trm€s. rncludrng penods ol startup, shutdolrrL and malfunction. ownen and operatos
shall. to the $itent practicablc. maintain and operate anv equipment approled under; tlris .{( ).
including associatcd air pollution r:ontrol cquipmml in a manner consistqrt sith good rir
pollution control practicc for minimilng missions. Determination of rrhcther acu:ptablc
opealing and maintcnance procodures aic bcing uscd u'ill be based on inlbrmation ai ailable to
thu Dru;tor utich mar include. but is not limitcd to. monitorins results. ooacitv ohsenations.
revic\ ofoprrating and maintenancc pro*durcs. and inspcclioriofthc soui.ee. 'All
maintunancc pcrformed on cquipmr:nt authorized trv this AO shall he recordcd. [R107401{l
t.6 lneotrrer,opqatorshailcomplvu,ttnti.-\( t(iu/-ttt/. (rencral Kgqulrements:trealidolrns.
lR3o7-ro4
t.1 I he owncr opcralor shall omply with Ll-,N- R.1(17-150 Scrius. Emission Invenlories.
lR.l07-l sol
l.u I he o'lrner operator shall sutlmlt documstlahon ol the status ol caflstructron or moditlcation to
the Diretor n ithin I 8 mrmlhs from the date of this .,\0. This .\O mav bermre invalid if
construclion is not rnmmencrd within l8 monlhs from the date of this A() or if rpnsauction is
discontinued for 18 months or more. 'I'o rxsure proptr crcdit when notif ing the Direclor. stnd
the dmmmtation to the Director. attn.: NSR Scc{ion. [R107-l0l-l8l -
SECTION II: PERIVIITTED EQUIPMENT
II.,.\ THE.I,PPROVEDEOI.]IP]\,IENT
ll.A.t Duchsne Drtr ('entei Power Slalion
\.2 r$o (J, ( 0mprBsor Lnglnes
Raring: 530 IIP. each
Fucl: Nahral Gas
Cmtrol: Non*elective cataltlic rcductim (NSCR)
NSPS'\[q,CT Applicahilill: {0 (-FR 60 Subpart JJJJ,4O CbR (t3 SubpartT?.7.7.
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6, 2023
Document: EM-23-1583{01 REV 0
D.{QE-AN16r2lm02-Zi
Page 6
u.a-r I GD ( lu) u€nerrlor lln8rnes
Ratinc: 2.5()0 HP. rrch
Fuel: \atrral Gas
Control: Non*elective catalltic redrrction (NSCR)
NSPSi\,IACT Applicatrilitr,: 40 CFR 60 Subpart JJJJ. .() CFR 63 SfipaiZZZZ
il.A.4 'l wo (Z) Simergenqv l|ngine Generalfr li€ls
Rating: 2,94 HP(2,0ffi kW), each
Fuel: f}isel
Control: Titx 4 Final (40
NSPS'\,ACT .4pplir:bility: 40 CFR 60 Subparl IIII. ,!0 C]'R 63 SrftpartZZZZ
II.AJ une(I) lurDrne
Rating: 13.364 kW ( l-33. I MMBe.t.tu)
Fuel: Nainal Gas
Control: SohNO* (low NO, bumers)
NSPti Applicabilig: 40 CFR 60 Sutryad KKKtr(
II.AO I'wo (2) Ethyleoc Glycol (!-G) Ueh!'(fators
Prrcessing Rate: 8 \Il\tscPda-v
Erhaust \iotilation: Still Vmt
u-A 'I so (Z) t oilcrs
Rrting: .r 5 MMBtrrhr
Fuel: Natural Gas
Location: EG Ddrydraton
u,..l.6 I hree (J) rrsisurrr€d storrge I anLs
Capacit-v: 30.0fi) gallons, each
Contents: Natural Gas Liquids (NGL)
SECTION II: SPECIAL PROVISIONS
REOT'IREITENTS .dND LI}IIT.4TM:\S
not allow vilftle emrssrons tiom tlre natural 8as-trtEd englnes
brbine to e(ceed 100'o opacity. [R307.401-81
60. \{€thod 9. [R307-l0l-8]
lhe owneflop€rator shall llse only nat&al gae a$ I
cngines, and the 2,500 IIP engines. [R307-4Ol-8]
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-00i REV 0
D.{QE-AN16l2lfin2-zi
Page 7
l.u. t.c I ne oBnerrop€f,ato( shrll equrp all naturalaas lred engrnes wrlh a non{electve catah'trc
reducfion (NSCR) de!,ice to mnlrol cmissions. [Ri07-{01{J
II.B.2 Stict Tesl Conditims
l.tt.z.a I ne onrer/opcrator shall not cnrfl mffe tlran lhe lollor,rlng ral€s and concenlratlon8 lrom each ol
the indicated soucm:Source Pollutanl (g1bhp-hr) (lb/hr)
530 HPConrprersor Eagines NO- 0.15 0.18co 0.-1 0.35v(x- 0.02 0.02
2500 tlPGencr.tor [ingin* NO" 0.15 0.8jco 0.3 1.65\'(x 0.03 0.1?
l.?.6-14 k\1, Turbine N0, 0.-i-1 13.3.1c() 0.20 8.1I\'(x' 0.12 4.65
lR3074ol-81
lt.5-2.4. I r- omPurnoe rJcmonslrallon
To demonstate oomplimtx with the emission limitations abovg the owner'operator shall
pcrform sl.ack testing on the onissions writ according to thc stack tcsting conditions containcd in
this A0. lRi07-165-2. Ri07{01-81
Lr.b-z.a.t lnauil le{r
The owner oDrrator shall r:onduct an initial stack test on the emission unit rvithin 180 dars after
starrup of tlxi emission uniL lR.i07-165-21
ILts.2.a.3 Iesl lrequeocl-
To denronstrrte compliance u ith thc N( L limifs. the orrncr operator shall condud stack testing to
veri-l\'0re NU, erniss'ions. l}re own€f, operator shall conducti strck test ofl each cmission uniigithin one ( l) vear after thc date of thc most rcLEflt slack tcsl of each trnission tmit. tlmn
denronstralion ihrougfi at least threc (3 ) annual ts.sls thal the \O. limits are not being eiceeded-
the o$nerfoptr tor maY rcqucsl approral to conduct stack tcsting ltxs frequentlv than annually.
To demonstrate compliane with the CO and V(Xl limits. lhe owner,operator shall co*rducl a
stack test on eaeh ernission unil within thrc< (-1 ) l ears after the datc ofthc most recent stack tst
of the emission unil
'Ihe Directof rnav require the owner.' operator to perform a stack tesl al any time.
1R307.{01-81
lt.[i.2.b I n-e osnerropefaror slrJl conduct any stacli t€sttng lequird bf- this A() a(Tording to the
following condirions. IR107-4Ol-81
il.lJ.z.b.I i\oItnceIrcn
.\t least.10 dals prior to conducting a stack test. the own€r,'operalor shall suhmil a siource lest
protocol to the Dira:tor. The source test protocol shall incluile lhe items contained in L107- 165-
,1, lflirerled by the Dbector. the owneroperator shall attend a prelst conf€rence.
IR-107-165-3. Ll07-401{l
il.tt.2.b.2 I esltng dg I esl ('ondrtaons
The ou'neroperator shall conducl testing according to the approved source lest pfotocol lnd
arxording to the test conditions conlained in R-107-165-4. [Ri07-165-4, R-i07*m1-tl
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Documenr: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
D,\QE-.{Nr6 r2rfiX)2-li
Pagu 8
II.lt.2_b.3 Acc?ss
The owneriopcralor shall providc C.)copational Safetv and Heal$ .{dministration (OS}L{)- or
\.{ine Safewlnd Hcalth .\&ninistratiori(N.tsHA)-apioted acrrss to lhe tcst location.
[R307-.101-81
|.tt./.b.4 Keporung
No latcr tlian 60 davs aftcr mmolet.inr a stacli tett. the ouner @crator shall submit a urittm
report of thc results from the stick tciing to the Drector. The ieporr shall inclu& r'alidated
rcsulls and suppcting infomtion. IR.107- I 65 - 5. R.i07-J0 l -8]
l.lt.2.c l esl lletnods
\thcn performing sl,ack tcting thc owrcr' oporalor shall wc thc appropriatc EPA-approved test
methods r* acceptable to the Dircclor. ,{ccr;ptable test methods for pollutants are listed below.
1R307401-81
lt.tt. t-c Standard t'ondallons
.q.. Ternperahrre - 68"F (293 K)
B. Pressure - 29.92 in Hg ( l0l.-i liPa)
C. .{r'eraging'l'ime - .ds opeified in the ap,plicable lesl method.
[40 (}R 60 Subparr .A. 40 CF-R 6.1 Subpart .,\u R307-4Ol-81
il.t5.2,c,1 N(,t
40 CI.R 60. Appcndis A. \tethod 7: \{ethod 7El or other EPA-app'oved testing method as
acreptable to ihe Dire-tu. [R107-l()l-81
lt.b.z.c,J Y(,('$ Cl'R 60, Appendtx .{- \{ethod 18: Ntethod 25r \{ethod 25.{: 40 C}R 63. .fpp"rt4il 4
N{cthod 320: diother EPA-approvcd testing me0rod as acceptabls l,o the Director, [R307-401'81
lt.tt. z-c.4 C(-,
,10 CFR fl0. .\ppendix.{ \lethod l0 or oths EP.{-app,roved lesting me0rod as acceptable to the
Director. I R-107+0 l -8 |
Ilt{Discl-F-ired Irlmersff o llnrine (;drerator ti€l Rmoiremenls
lt.IJ.-i.a The orrner,t)p€rator shall not allo$ viEible emlsslons lrom the dresel-ltred emergenc} engmcs to
esceed 20oi' opacity. [R307-fOl -8]
ll_iJ. -._ t)I'he owncr.bpqator shall not operate each 2.9,1.1 HP (2000 k\l') etnergencv generator €nglne on
site for more-lhan I fi) houn pti calcldar 1'ear for maintcnane chcclis and ruadinrxs l,esting.
Each 2944 IIP (2.0fi) kW) einergencl geireratorengine on site may be operatcd for up to 50
hours pcr calendrer ycar in non*mcrgcncv situations. .{n1 opr'ratior in non-emergcttcJ _siuutiiru shall be c6umed as pan offtre 100 hours per calcndir year for maintenanice aird testing.
Thcre is no time limit on ths usc of dtc cngincs during mgorcics.
[.lO CFR 6-i Su@rt ZZZZ Ri07-10 l -81
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Documenr: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
D.{QE-ANl6l2l0002-2i
Page 9
ll.IJ.-i.b. I I o detemrne complBnce rutlh tlle amrual operatton luntlatio[ rgcords documenting the
operation ofeach emergencv engine shall be kept in a log and shall include the following:
A- The date the emergency engine wm used
B. The duration ofoperation in hours
C. 'f-he reason for the emergencv engine usage.
[40 C'I|R 6-1 SubpanZZZZ- R3074Ol-8]
ll.tJ."J.c lo detennlne lhe duratron ol opcratlo[ the o$nef, operator shall insbll a non-rc-setlable hour
meter for each emergency engine- [40 CFR 6.1 SubpariZiU.7.,ll.l07-401-81
u.D.-r.s I he osrer'oprTalor shall lnslall a 2.944 HP (2.0{X} kW ) ernergenc}'englne tllat rs c€fldied to
meet a controlled N(.). ernission rate ofno gruater than 0.50 ghp-hr. 1R107-40 l-81
il.tt..a.o_ I I o oemonstrats compltance wl$ thq abol,s condrlton. lhe orvner, operatof shall ettier:
A. Or,r'n'operate a stationary intemal combustion engine which has obtained Tier 4
certification as defmed in .10 CFR 1039.801: or
B. Conducl an initirl performance test acc<xding to 4t) CFR parr t0-1* or
C. Nlaintain lhc manul'actrueds <rnissiors guarante€ for the installed engine model.
1R307401-81
Ll.tf--1.d.^L ror cach 4.9/f4 HP (2.000 l(\4') figlne generator on slte. lhe owner'op€ralor shall mamtain
records ofengine certilic.atioru 0re initial p€rformance test. or lhe manufadurer's ernissions
gurant(rc. IR107401-81
It-IJ_-J. e I hc ownerJoperator sball (mlv llse dtesel luel (e.9. fuel oll n I. ,2. or dtesel tuel oil addilt\.e8) a.s
fuel in the stationan diesel tngine. [R107-l0l-81
u.u.-.r.1 lhe owner/opqator shall only combu$t diesel tirel that meeb the delinition ofultra-low sullir
diesel (trI-SD) as found in 40 CFR I()90.305. [R307-t0l-81
tt.D.-r. t.I o demonstrale comphanc€ \rrth lhe ULtjD tuel requrement. the ouner;operatof shall matntarn
records ofdiesel fuel purchase invoices or obtain certification ofsulfirr content from the diesel
fuel supplier. 'Ihe dies'el firel purchase invoices shall indicate that the diesel lirel moets the UI.SD
requirements. lR307J0l-81
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2O23
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
DAQE-AN1612lo0o2-41
Page l0
ll.lJ.4 I[fmitorino Rmuirments of tr'uritiip FmiRrioni {Lerk l}ettrriion rnd ReDrir)
ll,tt.l}.t lhe ownefloFrator shalldsvelop a n*luve eml88rond monltonng plan. AI a mmrmum. me plan
shall include:
A Ir,lonitoring frequency
B. I\{onitoring la:hnique and eq0ipnent
C. hocedunes amd timeframes fc identi$'ing and rcpairing lealis
D. Recordkeepingpractices
E. Calibration and maintrnance p,roceduree.
lR-30740t-81
IL.IJ.4.a. I Ihe plan shlll address moiltonng lof 'Sulrcun-tGmonlbr' imo -'ulsare{o-monllol
components. [R307-t0 l-El
ll.Ir.4.D 'lhe oEner.,bperator shall conducl mo0rtonng surve\5 on slte io ob6€n'e each "tugltsve etnssnns
cornponent" for "fugitive emission."
.4, "Fugitirc ernistions component" means an)'conponeflt that ha6 the potential to emit
fuciiive emissions of YOC. ialudinc but not lirnited to valvcs. cormeclom. or€8sur€
refiddevices. opcn+nded lirEs. flarrtes, covers and closed vent tpterns. thief
hatches or other openings. coFpresso{rs. instrutnents. and melers.
B. "Fugitive emissiors" are con{dered any visihle ernissions obstn'ed using optical gas
imaging or a Method 2l ins$rncnl reading of 500 ppm or greatet.
lR-307-l0l-8I
II_U.4_b.I Ibnrtonng sun'e]s sn ll trc oonductep accordtng to the lollor+mg schedule:
A No later than 60 &-rs affer stftup of production as dcfined in .10 CFR 60.5430a
l]" Serniannually after the initirl Fonitoring sun'ev. Consecutive sqnirnnual monitoring
survevs shall be conduded atleast 4 months aparl
C. Annually afla the initial mortitoring sun'ey for "difficuh-tomonilor" components
D. As required by the owner/opSatods monitoring plan ftrr "umafe-lo-motrittr"componenls.
I
lR-107401{I
ll.tJ.4.b,2 Monrtonng sun'els shall tte conductql usmg one or Doth ol Lhq lotto$lng to cstcct ru8flrle
eruslons:
A. t)pticalgasimaging({)Gl)erluipmenL C)Glcquipmentshallbecapahleofimaging
gases in the.spetsal rangs for the compound ofhighest caocenbation in the potential
fugrtrve emrssrons
B. lr{onitoring equipment that mpets tl.S. EPA Nlethod 21. ,m CFR Parr 60. .ippendix A
1R30740r{l
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facili$
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
DAQE-AN1612r0002-23
hgc ll
PER]I{ITHISTORY
This Ap,poval Order shall srpemede (if a modification; or will be based on the following documenls:
Is D€rived Froflr NOI daled Seprembrr 9,2022Incorporates DAQE-MNI6I2I00O2-22 dated October 24.Nn
u.5.{.c ll tuglt ve emIsstorl8 ar€ detected rt any tlm€, thc own€r.'op€rator sha[ r€patr tll€ lugilrve
ernissions componenl ,s soon as poesibb brn no bter that -10 calenda dap dler daecrion.
If the rcpair or rcplacemcnt is rcclrnically infeaeible. would roquirc a vent blow&wn. s wsll
shutdoun or wdl shut-in, or would be rmsafe to rcpair during operatior of 6e rmit the repair or
replac€ment must be completed &rring rhe next well shridown. well shut-in, after an
unsdte&led. planned or ernergency vent bh*'down or nithin 24 rnonths, whbhever is earlier.
1R307401-8I
U.B.4.c-I 'l]le osnef/operator shall resurvey lhe rEpa[€d or r€placed lugitive ernr$Erorrs component no lster
than 30 calendar &5n afte the fugitive emfosbns component ux rcpaired.[R107-l0l-81
Il.lJ.4.d Ihe owneflop€ratof shril marnlarn rocord8 ot the tugftft.e emrsslons rnonrtormg pla[ moflilonng
survqls, repairs, and rc*uweys. [R30?-4OI-8]
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
DAQE-A\]t612lm02-21
Page 12
ACROTryMS
The following lists commonly used acronlms and asocialed tsamlations as thev apply to this documeot:
Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations
Approval Chder
Best Arailable Control I'echnohgy
Clean Air Act
Clean Air Act Amendrnents
Classification Data Slstan tused by Environnrental Proteclion .{garcv to classi$
sourccs by sizeqpel
Continuous smhsions monitor
Continuous ernissioru monitoriqg slstan
Code of Fed€ral Regulationa
Continuous moniloring stf, tern
Carbon monoxide
Carton Dioxide
Carbon Dioxide Equivalent - Tille 4o of the Code of Federal Rcgulations Parl 98.
Subpart,'\u'Iable,\-l
Conlinuous opacitl' monitor
Division ol' Air Quality
This is a document lracking co& for internal Drision of Air Qrulily use
Emironmental ltolecrion Agency
Fugitive dust control plan
Genhouse Gas(es) j'Iitle .10 of the Code of Federal Regulations 52.21 (bX49Xi)
Global Warming Polential - Tilb,() of the Co& of Federal Reglations Pot 86.181&
12(a)
lfu zardous air pollulant(s )
Intent to Approve
Pounds pcr l,ear
\{admum Achievable C'onlrol Technologr
lt{illion llritish "ltennal thits
Nonattainment Area
Nalional Ambienl Air Qulirv' $rndards
Natioml Emission Standards for tlazardous .{ir Pollutants
Notice of Intent
Oxider of nitrugen
i.r"err Source Perfornrancc Slanfi rd
New Source Review
Prrticulatc maocr ltss than l0 nirrons in size
Particulate maoer lcss tfun 25 nicrons in size
Prevention of Sigrrificant Deterlrration
Potential to Emit
Rules Series 307
Rulcs Seri€s 307 ' Setion,$l
Sulfir dioxide
Tille fv- of the Clean Air Acl
Title V of the Clean.q'ir Acl
Tor per year
Lllah Administrative C'ode
Volatile organic compounds
40 CFR
AO
BACTc.{{
c,{-d{
CDS
CE\{
CE\{S
CFR
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CO
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EPA
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PIt[o
Plvt.r
PSD
PTE
L307
R^307-l0l
SOu
Tille t\
Tilte V
TPY
UAC
\:(x:
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
APPENDIX G
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
RESUMES OF I(EY
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1 583-fi)1 RE\/ O
AL PROFESSIONALS
DIX H
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2A23
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
@lF$firNP
Cof,rrontlon. hwv.ba Optffi,don-
KIRK ZIKER
I Mlsstoi\s TDCHNtctAN t
uDll('ATtoN
Kelly Walsh High School - Casper, Wyoming
-General Education Diploma
(]IVII,IAN 'I'RAINTNG
e Safelando Hand Tools. Respirator Traioing
o PEC Training
. Operation Monitoringo MSHA Trriningo Lockou/Tag-out. NSC First Aidr Microsoft Office Suile
r Job Safeg Analysis (JSA)
r H:SOperationsRescuer HrS Awarcness
r ASTM D6348{3(2010) Sturulanl 1'cst btethul lor lktcrminotnn of (iaseous (\mynoult hy
l,xtucl,ve l)iract lnlcr{ac'c I.ourter'l'ransfirrm ln;/iured (1.7'lll) Spectrosctqry. EPA Method 205; I'artftctttion of Gas Diluion SyMCnuJbr l;ield lnstru,nc$ ('alibratums
o EPA Mcthod 3A-Ddrermitation of Oqgen and ('arbon Dioride ('oncemraio$s in limissiont
l;rom Slat hrnry Sowces (hlstrurnenlil Analyer I'nwdure)o EPA Method 2l - l)eteruination oJ'Volutlc Organic (\tmytund (l/(X') lnaks: l'hotoktni:atnn
lktector (l'lD) und l.'lamc lonEarion lktector (l-'lD1
. EmCollccr'" - Advanced Data Acquisitisr Softwarc (DAS) for rhe cotlcction of sensitive
envimnmental data
(.ERTI TICATIONYAF}'ILIATIO:\YACH I f, Vf,,M f, NTSo CPR, AED, ard Basic Fint Aid Certifiedo Forklift LoaderCertifiedo Advanced Pollution Instrumentalion & Tohmlogy
T,XPf,RIENCE
ln his role as Emissiom Tehnician l, Mr, Ziker is respomible for conduding ernissiom performarrce lestrng
and mechanical integrity waluatiofis cn rotating cquipnert (spart ignit€d recipnrcating interml comtnstion
eogrn€s - SI-RICE compression ignition recifocsting intcmal comhrstion engines - CI-RICE) locared ar
oil and grs poduclion siteJfacililix to emrre compliance with air quality regulatiors (as defined under tlre
Clean Air Act) administered by the Texas Commissim on Environmeatal Quality (TCEQ) and th€ United
States Envlroffnental Protection Age rcy'(US EdA) (clth€r US Star€s Notwithshnding).
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2O23
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
.llt. hbk Zi*et
Pagc )
Additionally. Mr. Zikq' responsibilities eno(mrpas; all aspecls of environmental problern-solving through
proccss evaluation facility and equipnr:nt &xign ard operation. Olher responsihilities includc the
interpraation of collected data and its organiz:tion &rto technical reporls and commrmioting field
obseflations and project delivtxables l,o both {rortr)rate and field-level mainletran€reliabilitl'and
eovironmental pcrsonnel.
KHY SKII,I,S .\\I) T.\P};RI!]T('E
. CTeged Wdot (Ranlias. wroning): ()peate processing equipment bv regulating vales
!:ompressors. pump; and auxiliary cquipnent to dire.l prodrrct flow. .\djusl and set knoba,
switchcs. ls\,ers. r'alr'€s. index arms. etc. to contsol preess variables such as vacuums. catal)'sts.
lsnperah{e. and flo*s. lrspecl and adjust danper controls on hcaters and fumaces. Read and
tbllow processing schedules, operating logs. labo'atory testing rcsults to identifl' and alter Jnocers
to produce specfied produrs quantity and quality.
c trlolor-IIoas (kpl Uioniag). Safelv and cfiicicntll' pcrforms all manual labor tasks on the
drilling floor and 8.0.P. area Performs all mairtenance of the equipment and phvsical space of
the &ill floor \l,onilors and opq-atcs tlre shaliers Prfonns housekceping aclivities on the drill
lloor including washing.
"hipping
and painting. Troubleshoot equipment crrors. Lislen for
unusual noises that signi$ aluipnent md machi*r)'problems.
. ljlbdiae Oryaor (Carp, llJlmtirr9. Safelv operated various picrxs of rr;uipment and or
machinery to incrrase material ll,ows in cased-hole oil & gas esploration opcrations adhering to
all safe{y regulations before. during and after the rvell sen'ice oJxratkrn. lmmodiatel.v reported all
mallirnctions to my supcn'isor. Plannql, prcparcd" and coordinatcd well site opcrations. 'lraincd
and supervised a crew ofoperatus in the preparation ofthe unit and calibration ofequipment.
Acquired a leamers pcrmit and drove the wirclinc unit an0or crrmmercial molor vdricle. to and
from rarious locations. IUaintained and cleaned a*signed wircline cquipmcnt and facilities safelv
and efficiently. \taintained knor*ledge of thc latest technological changes and operating
pror:cdures perlaining to cornpaoy cquipment. lools. and practices to ensure maximum opaating
etlicicncv. Controlled the highest qualitl ofscrvicc deliverl'and exosution cffectiraly during all
phases of operations. tlandled and u'orlied with oipl<xives. Promptl"v pa'formed assigned
reporting and administratire duties lor field opcrdions. accr.natelv md on schcdule. Fmlqed and
maintained customff relaiions try,establishing a positive image and conli&vrce in the qualitv of
sEn'ices and ssured thc confidentialitl- of all logging operations- Conductod pre.job safe{y
meelings.
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2O23
Document EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
(e)rF..$lStNg
\=1 lsenvrces
1't F'FAN Y JOLt NG-St ltor{
DISTRICT MANAGf, R, NOR'I'HW 1]ST DIS'I'RICT
EDI.ICATION
Associate of Science Degrce. Creologl'
Casper Communitl' Collcge
}II T-ITARY COII RSEWORK AI\D TRAI NI NG
. Yeoman'C'Schoolo Yeoman Flag Writer Schoolr ATF Training. lradership Coune
CIVILIAN TRAINING. Confined Spre Emrant/Anendant(OSHA 29CFR 1910.146)
o Rigging. Hldrogen Sulfide (H2S) (OSHA 29 CFR l9l0.l00\0)o lockout/Tagout (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.147)
o Fatl Protection (OSFI.A 29 CFR 1926.500)o Haznat(HM 126)(DOT49CFRPan 17l)o llazardous Communications (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200)
. Pcrsonal Protcctlc Equipmcnto Hearing Consen'ation (OSH{ 29 CFR 1910.95)
o Emergenc! Response. Process Safet)' Managemento Welding Safe!'. Defensile Drivingo Haaopcr (Opcr.) (OSffA 29 CFR 1910.120 ard API RP 75). Fire Protection. Mcdical Rccordso Forhlift Safet) (OSHA29CFR l9l0.l7t). Respiralory Prdedion (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134)o Electrical Safe$'. Back Safetv. Alcohol and Substance Abuse Anarenesso Drivcr Safc$.. H2S Safer:--o Undcrstanding Unconscious Bias. Fir* Aid Lrvel Io LDAR Tochnician Trainingo ASTM D6522-00 Srandard Tbst Merhd .lbr D€tennirution o{ Nitrogen Orides, (arbon
Mononde. ond Ongen Concen,rations in Emissions .from Nalural Gos-Fired Reciprocoting
Engines. Combustion I urbines, Bollcrs, snd Process Heaters Using Poaable Analszcrs. ASTM D634843(2010) Stanfurd Test Methd .for Determination ol G'aseous ('ompoutds by
btractivv Dwct lnterloce Fourier TransJbrm lnfrared (FTIR) Spectroscop'
o EPA Mcthod 205: l'erification ol ()as Dihtion Systems ^lbr Field Instrument ('alibrations
. EPA Method 3A-Determitation of Oxygen and Carbon Dioide (loncentrations in Emissions
N'rom Stationary lhurces (l ns t ntmenlal Analyze r P rocedurc)
. EPA Merhod 2l - I)eterninarion ol'ltolotile Organic Compound (L'OC) baks: Photoionizotlon
Detector (PID)
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-001 REV 0
.l I s. I-iffi uy J o I in g-S i n o n
I\tgc )
o EmCollecl" - Advanced Data .ltoquisition Solhvare (D.\S) for the collq:tion of sensitive
earvironmenta! datao EmRe?ort'"- l\hcroinstruction utilizing i\licrmoftt .\dd-in I'cahnes that compiles collecM data
into a report deliverable. Basic Plus3Industrial Salety Training and Certilication
( t,.R I I t.'t(' \ I I( )\S/ \I l, t Lt.\'il()NS/ \('t I il.j\'t,.\tE\t S
. CPR. AED. and llasic I'in;t .\id Certit'iedo National Del'ense Sen'ire \,lcdal
. Global \1'a on Tcrmrism Scn'ir:e \,ledal. Four Navy\larine Corps Achievemmt I\ledal. 'Ilurx Good ('onduct \{edal. NaW SharFhmtcr Pistol \lcdal. Narl Rifleman Rihhono Two Navyr[{arine Corps Commendation \lcdal
I'l-\l)llnl11"\( I:
In her role as the District \Ianager. Northrvest Distri( NIs. Joling-Simon is rslnnsible fnr urnducling
cT nissions pcrlbrmance testing and mechanical integrity e!'aluations on rotating equipment (spar( ignited
reciprocating intcrnal cnmhustion cngins SI-RICE: compruxsion ignition ruuipro"ating intcrnal
combustion engines CI!-RICE) located at oil and gas production siteirfacilitisr to ensure complianrx *ith
air qualiry- regulations (as defned under the Clean Air Act) administered b1 the \tyoming Departrnml of
Entironrnenlal Qualitr' (U1'DUQ) and the United Status Environmental F)rotg:lim Ag€rtv (LrS EPA).
Additiorull-'-. \ls. Joling-Simon's responsibilities encompats all aspects of em'ironmental problan*ohing
lhrough process evaluation. facility md uluipmcnl design. and operation. Other responsibilities inclu& the
interprrrtation of colk*tsd dala and its organization into technical ruaorts. and wmmrmicating field
obtenaliom and project delivcrablcs to both crrpcate and field-lqel maintenance.'reliabilitv and
enrironmcntal pas<mnel.
KI.t\ SKILLS .L\t) l_\Plitiil.\..( ti
. LD.4R ttuitoriag Tcchniciaa, Eacim Envirunneatel Servica..lac, Nlcmitored componcnts
within industrial facilities u'hile calibraling trxting r:quipment to ensure optimum prxfbrmanc€.
.{nalysed data. evaluated situations. and identifitxl problems or opporlunities of improvemcnt,
IJer,sloped factual. logical follow-up cours of aclion while considering rrxrourr:]si. constraints,
and companv values. Ensured personnel safe! <m l<rcations lkoueh site specific job safery-
anal-1sis. Compkxcd md submiltsd rqDrts to Customcrs for EP,\ Regulation Fils. Implonented
minor mechanical adjustsnents *hen nectxsan'. Harmed and crDrdinated equipmcnt tcsting
schedultx and processes for emploves and Customffi.
. f}asryre lldi{ I'olvc Sala RepeseNaive. Ftciao Eavboameatal Sanica. /ac, \t:orked
Ckxelv rvitlr dre Encino Employe<x to cnsure safe and propa' lraining t'rx manlift and forlilifl
operatims. Ensured training was compleied and up to date. Coordinated betuen Encino and the
Customcf, lo ersure all safet'- rcquirerntnts rveilE mel with regards to cornpani specific safr4'
standards and Fcdcral sat'ety regulations. Engurcd four gas monitors used <m location werc up tJo
date and in calibration. Ilrsonallv. srote the Encino Pressure Reliel Valve Slandard Operating
hcxrdurs and Safetv Protocols. hetxscd all papcr*or* and applicatims ensuring Encino uas
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1583-00'.1 REV 0
.l t s. 7' ilfnn y J o I itt g-Si nnn
I'ngt.l
VR cerlified sigrutvlnC they had eamed a National Board Certificate of Aulhoriiuation to repair
presswe reliefvalves. in the shop andor in the field. Evalualed l'acilities and uork aclivitics to
ersure complian€ with Encino Safety Ptotocols and site+peific safetv protocols. Participated in
pr+job rvalli througfl to ensurc all safety protocols were being mst eiths b-v Encirn Emplovees or
plant cnrplolm. Complued and subrniued reports to Customer fm Rcgulation Filcs. Planned and
coordina&ed testing schedules for e,rnploleer and ('uslornus.
Ficld Eniskns Te&aitioa, Eaciao Envbaariental Srzvica. /ac. Communir:ated widl
personnel outside the organizatiorL r€pres€fitin8 the orgaoization to customen" lhe public.
government, and othcr external sourcqs. Taughl and instructed o0rcrs how to conduct cmissions
tssting to achiere r:ompliancc *ith Fedcral F.nvironmental hotoction .\cncy and State Specfic
regulations for both Encino Environmental Sen'icrs and ils Customers. Iianslate( interpree4 and
e<plained what information means to others and how it can bc ussd for to msurE Environmental
Protection Agerrc.v- regulations are being followed. .itpplied knowlalge of the chemical composition
slruclure. properti€s of subslances and industn, stan&rds. and transformalions to accomplish
emissions testing. Applied practical use and knowledge ofdanger sigu" production techniques. and
dispoaal mahods. I-iaiscd rvith coaporate. field-loel maiilenance. and environmental
reprcsenlatircs to cmrdinatc testing projed schedultx and logistics. Evaluated information and used
individual judgrnent l,o deiqmine u'hether ernissiors testing complied wilh larvs. regulations. and
slandards. Complcld ernissions pcrforrnancc evaluations on slatiunr)' r*ipmcaling inttrnal
combustion cngines utiliz-ing mdhods sancticaed by $e Federal Enrironmcrtal ftotection Agencl'
locatcd at rcmote ril and gas sites'faoilities. Documenled measurernents of criteria pollutants such
as volatile organic (\tt)Cs). cartxn monoxide (COL nitogen oxides (N(')li) in parts p€,r
million (ppm). and oxygen (02) in percenl (per Envimnmental Itotection Agency Method 19) from
intcrnal combustion cquipncnt. Calitnated instruments prior to sa.h trsting elcnt and rrxordrxl
calihration delails and instrument checks. Planned and coordinaled tesling schedule* rl'edJy for dre
\lrtoming Olice covering \fryoming, Colorado. and North Dakota. \{ade decisions based ol
Jrcrsonaljudgment and considrred the rclalil'e cosls and boefits oltsting cliluls€s to chome the
most appropriate solution for Encino and the (hstomer. !\Ionitorcd otrratiors and ernissions
indicators to ffiure machiner.v is wo*ing correctly. N4anagcd tirrc and personnel scltcdules to
achisve customer goals while following compsny guidclines. Ferformed rhy-today administrative
tasks such as mainlaining informaticm liles, pru-essing papcruodq md monioring &ily worli
schedules to accomplish Errino objeaives and assist in (lustomer satisfaction.
,HH"Rf'H^t'S^?'!.,
Ut,
@
DIVISION OF AIR OUA''*!T'/
@l ENCINO
ENVIRON M ENTAL
SERVICES
Collaboration. lnnovation. Optimization.il
EnarssroNs Tesr Reponr
Regulation(s): 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ
Pollutant(s): NOx, CO, and VOCs
PROJECT: EM-23-1584-001 RR/ 0
Crusoe Energy Systeffis, lnc
Facility: Snapper Facility
DUCHESNE COUNTY, UTAH
DATE: DECEMBER7,2023
DOC NO.: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
TEST DATE: 10/2612023
Emlssions Source: Waukesha 9394GSl
Spa*-lgnited Stationary Englne
Unit Number: 1318
Engine Serlal Number: 1632554
Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc Contact Name: Michael Duplantls
Phone: [phone]
Encino Environmental Services, LLC
20302 Park Row Dr, Suite 1200
Katy, Texas 77449
Telephone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
www.encinoenvi ron. com
Copyright@ 2023
UTAH DEpARTi4INT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALiTY
Ult, l
DIVISION OF AIR QUALIT/
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
2.1
2.2
3
4
4.1
5
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
I
9
9.1
FIGURES
Figure 1 - Sampling System Schematic
Figure 2 - Engine-specific Photographs
Figure 3 - Peak Signa! lntensity and Analysis (Quality Analysis)
Figure 4 - Minimum Detection Limits
Figure 5 - FuelAnalysis
Oxygen Analyzer.... ..... 19
FTIR Ana1y2er................ ................. 19
Gas Diluter Validation.. .................. 19
Sampling System...... .....................20
Calibration Gases .......20
FTIR DATA VALTDATTON .............. ...............21
Minimum Detection Limits (MDL) ...................21
Calibration Transfer Standard and System Purge ............21
Dynamic Spiking and Recovery................ .......21
Review of Test Methodologies and Spectral Data Validation............ ....................22
Quality Mana9ement............... ......23
EMISSIONS CALCULATIONS......... ..............24
Emission Rates ...........24
Fuel Analysis................ ..................24
Engine Performance Data........ .....24
RAW DATA ...............25
QUALIFICATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS ............26
ASTM Method D7036-04... ............26
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: Decembet 7 ,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
TABLES
Table 1 - Summary of Test Results
Table 2 - Emissions Source Operational Data
Table 3 - Oxygen Analyzer Calibration and Bias
Table 4 - Gas Diluter Calibration
Table 5 - Calibration Transfer Standard
Table 6 - ASTM Method D6348-03 - Annex 5 Analyte Spiking Technique
Table 7 - EPA Method 19 Fuel Factor Calculations
Table 8 - EPA Method 19 Emission Rate Calculations
Table 9 - EPA Method 19 FuelComposition
APPENDICES
Appendix A - Single Point Sampling Regulatory Justification
Appendix B - Manufacturer Engine Data Sheet
Appendix C - Field Data Sheets and Communications
Appendix D - Gas Diluter Validation Certificate
Appendix E - Gas Cylinder Certificates
Appendix F - Engine Performance Data
AppendixG-RawData
Appendix H - Resumes of Key Environmental Professionals
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
ABBREVIATIONS
25LB
/ISLB
45RB
AETB
AMSL
ASTM
BACT
bhp
BSFCr-xv
Btu
CFR
CHr
ct
co
COz
crs
DAS
DGB
DOM
EPA
F-Factor
FTIR
HAP(S)
HCHO
rcE
LAC
LDEQ
LELAP
LNz
M
MACT
Two Stroke Lean Burn
Four Stroke Lean Burn
Four Stroke Rich Burn
Air-Emissions Testing Body
Above Mean Sea Level
American Society of Testing and Materials
Best Available Control Technology
Brake Horsepower
Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption Based on LHV
British Thermal Units
Code of Federal Regulations
Methane
Compression lgnition
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon Dioxide
Calibration Transfer Standard
Data Acquisition System
Dynamic Gas Blending
Date of Manufacture
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Fuel Factor
Fourier-Transform lnfrared
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Formaldehyde
lntemal Combustion Engine
Louisiana Administrative Code
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality
Louisiana Environmental Laboratory Accredltation Program
Liquid Nitrogen
Thousand
Maximum Achievable Control Technology
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7 ,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
MCT
.
MDEQ
MDC
MDL
MM
MMBtu
Nz
Mercury Cadmium Telluride
Mississippi Department of Environmental QualiU
Minimum Detectable Concentrations
Minimum Detection Limit
Million
Million (MM) British Thermal Units
Nitrogen
Oz
NDDEQ North Dakota Department of Environmental Quality
NEA Noise Equivalent Absorbance
NESHAP(S) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
NIST National lnstitute of Standards and Technology
NMED-AQB New Mexico Environment Department - Air Quality Bureau
NMHC Non-Methane Hydrocarbon
NOx Nitrogen Oxides
NRSP Non-Rule Standard
NSPS New Source Performance Standards
Oxygen
ODEQ Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality
PBR Permit By Rule
RACT Reasonably Achievable Control Technology
RICE Reciprocating lnternal Combustion Engine
Sl Spark lgnited
S0z Sulfur Dioxide
spm Scan Per Minute
STP Standard Temperature and Pressure
TAC Texas Administrative Code
TCEQ Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
THC Total Hydrocarbons
TISMC The lntemational Standard Metrlc Conditions
VOC Volatile Organic Compound
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
KEY DEFINITIONS
Brake Horsepower (BHP)
Centroidal Area
Compression lgnition (Cl)
Concentration Adjustment
Gas Turbine
Fourier-Transform lnfrared (FTIR)
Horsepower (HP)
ldeal Gas Law
lnternal Combustion Engine (lCE)
Linearity
Mass-Rate
"Shaft Horsepower' - the actual horsepower of an engine, usually determined
from the force exerted on a friction brake or dynamometer connected to the
driveshaft.
The central area of the stack or duct that is no greater than one percent (1 %)
of the stack or duct cross section. The area has the same geometric shape
as the stack or ductl.
Relating to a type of stationary internal combustion engine that is not a spark
ignition engine.
Emission limits outlined in air quality programs (New Source Performance
Standards, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants) are
expressed at a given orygen concentration, which require that pollutant
concentrations measured in the stack are adjusted or corrected to the
appropriate oxygen level.
Pollutant concentrations for boilers, heaters, and ovens are generally
corrected to three percent (3%) oxygen, whereas engine and turbine pollutant
concentrations are corrected to fifteen percent (1 5%) oxygen.
"Combustion turbines", are used in a broad scope of applications including
electric power generation, cogeneration, natural gas transmission, and various
process applications. Gas turbines are available with power outputs ranging
from three hundred horsepower (300 hp) to overtwo-hundred and sixty-eight
thousand horsepower (268,000 hp), with an average size of forty-thousand,
two-hundred horsepower (40,200 hp)2. The primary fuels used in gas turbines
are natural gas and distillate (No. 2) fuel oils.
An internal combustion engine that operates with rotary rather than
reciprocating motion.
A technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of
a solid, liquid, or gas.
A unit of measurement of power (the rate at which work is done).
"General Gas Equation" - equation of state of a hypothetical gas.
A heat engine in which the combustion that generates the heat takes place
inside the engine proper.
The property of a mathematical relationship or function which means that it
can be graphically represented as a straight line.
The rate of discharge of a pollutant expressed as weight per unit time.
t EPA Method 7E - Determination of Nitrogen Oxides Emissions From Stationary Sources (lnstrumental Analfzer Procedure)
2 CC Shih, et ar., Emissions Assessment of Convenlional Slationaty Combustion Systerns, Vol. ll: lnternal Combustion Sources, EPA-600 /7-79429c, US
Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, February'1979.
? Final Repul - Gas Iurbine Emission Measuement Prcgram, GASLTR787, General Applied Science Laboratories, Westbury NY, August 1 974.
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Minimum Detection Limit (MDt)
Programmable
(PLC)
Sample Probe
Spark lgnition (Sl)
Logic Controller
Spike
Spiked Sample
Stationary Reciprocating lnternal
Combustion Engine (RICE)
Volatile Organic Compounds (V0C)
"Method Detection Limit" - the minimum concentration of a substance that
can be measured and reported within ninety-nine percent (99%) confidence
that the analyte concentration is greater than zero (>0) and is determined from
analysis of a sample in a given matrix containing the analytea. lnterchangeable
with MDC.
An industrial digital computer which has been ruggedized and adapted for
control of processes (parametric monitoring) or other activities that requires
a high degree of reliability, ease of programming, and process fault diagnosis.
Glass, stainless steel, or other approved material of sufficient length to
traverse sample pointsl; exhaust gas interface.
Relating to either: A gasoline-fueled engine; or any other type of engine a spark
plug (or other sparking device) and with operating characteristics significantly
similar to the theoretical "Otto" combustion cycle. Spark ignition engines
usually use a throttle to regulate intake air flow to control power during normal
operations. Dual-fuel engines in which a liquid fuel (typically diesel fuel) is
used for Cl and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel
at an annual average ratio of less than two parts diesel fuel to one hundred
parts total fuel (< 2 parts diesel to 1 00 parts total fuel) on an energy equivalent
basis are spark ignition engines.
A known mass (concentration) of target analyte added to a blank sample or
subsample; used to determine recovery efficiency or for other quality control
purposess.
A sample prepared by adding a known mass (concentration) of target analyte
to a specified amount of matrix sample for which an independent estimate or
target analyte concentration is available - used to determine the effect of the
matrix on a method's recovery efficiencys.
Any internal combustion engine, except combustion turbines, that converts
heat energy into mechanical work and is not mobile.
Any compound of carbon, excluding carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide
(CO2), carbonic acid (HzCO3), and metallic carbides or carbonates, and
ammonium carbonate ((NHr)zC0s) which participates in atmospheric
photochemical reactions6.
4 40 CFR Appendix I to Part 1 36
s Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program; QA Glossary of Terms. United States Environmental Protection Agency.
6 Definition pursuant to 40 CFR Part 51, S51.1 00(s) (as of October 30, 201 4); Federal Registry Standards / Vol. 73, Friday, January 1 8, 2008 / Rules and
Regulations.
vI
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
ABBREVIATED UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
atm
BSFCr_xv
'c
ccm
cm-1
.F
g
Standard Atmosphere
(See Abbreviations) Expressed as Btu/bhp-hr
Degrees Celsius
Cubic Centimeters Per Minute
Reciprocal Centimeter
Degrees Fahrenheit
Gram
g/bhp-hr Grams Per Brake HorsepowerPer Hour
GWP Global Warming Potential
HHV Higher Heating Value; Btu/scf
hp Horsepower
kPa Kilopascal
lb Pound(s)
lb/hr Pounds Per Hour
lb/MMBtu Pounds Per Million British Thermal Units
LHV Lower Heating Value; Btu/scf
LPH Liters Per Hour
LPM Liters Per Minute
Percent
ppb Parts Per Billion
ppm Parts Per Million
ppmd Parts Per Million by Volume - Dry Basis
psi Pounds PerSquare lnch
psiaus Pounds Per Square lnch - Absolute
psig Pounds Per Square lnch - Gauge
scf Standard Cubic Foot (Feet)
scfh Standard Cubic Foot (Feet) Per Hour
scfm Standard Cubic Foot (Feet) Per Minute
torr A unit of pressure used in measuring partial vacuums, equal to 133.32 Pascals
tpy Ton PerYear
vol Volume
@ vilt
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document EM-23-158+001 REV 0
THIS PAGE Y LEFT BI.ANK
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
STATEMENT OF BASIS
On10/2612023, Encino EnvironmentalServices, LLC, (henceforth "Encino") was commissioned by
Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc to perform an emissions compliance test on a 2500-hp Waukesha
generator stationary engine designated as unit number 1318.
The internal combustion stationary engine is located at the Snapper Facility in Duchesne County,
Utah. The geographic coordinates for the facility are 40.263580 & -1 10.1201 10 (approximate).
Sampling and analytical procedures employed during the performance test were pursuant to Forty
Code of Federal Regulations (henceforth "40 CFR) Part 60, Appendix A and American Society for
Testing and Materials (henceforth "ASTM") methodsT. The primary objective of the test program
was to determine actualemissions of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) from unit number 1318 and to verify compliance with the emissions
parameters of 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ.
Deviations from methods in this testing program may include single-point sampling (centroidal
area). This is a common practice with an established precedence when sampling stationary
engine exhaust due to safety concerns. Supporting documentation in the form of a Single Point
Sampling Regulatory Justification Correspondence is included in Appendix A.
Prior to the sampling program (test project), a stratification test was performed at the test site to
determine the appropriate number of sample traverse points. The sample probe was used to
measure concentrations of nitrogen oxides (N0x) at three (3) points on a line passing through the
centroidal area at sixteen and seven tenths'percent (16.70v"), fifty percent (50.00%), and eighty-
three and three tenths' percent (83.307") of the measurement line. !f concentrations of NOx at
each traverse point did not differ from the mean concentration for all traverse points by no more
than (a) t5.00 percent (15.00%) of the mean concentration; or (b) t0.50 ppm,d (whichever is less
restrictive), the gas stream is deemed unstratified, and sample measurements for the test project
were extracted from a single point - from a position that closely matches the mean
concentrationse.
Typically, this method is used with two types of pollution instrumentation - single, or in tandem
to determine stratification (instrumental analyzer and/or FT-lR).
7 ASTM Methods lncorporated by Reference (lBR).
I EPA Method 1 (or EPA Method 1A) - Sample and Velocity Traverses for Stationary Sources
e EPA Method 7E - Determination of Nitrogen Oxides Emissions from Stationary Sources (lnstrumental Analyzer Procedure; Section
8.1.2 Determination of Stratification).
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document EM-23-1584-00'l RB/ 0
lf the stack effluent is observed to be then a multi-point'rake'probe was used with
orifices located at sixteen and seven tenths'(16.70%),fifty percent (50.00%), and eighty-
three and three tenths' percent (83.30%) of linelo.
Michael Duplantis of Crusoe Energy Systems,coordinated facility operations during the test
and provided supporting data such as the analysis and permit information.
No major deviations or problems occurred the emission test progfam.
10 Table 2 to to CFR Part 60 Subpail JJJJ - Requirements for
s60.4244.
Tests; demonstrating compliance in acordance with
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
CERTIFICATI ON STATEM ENT
lcertifythatto the best of my knowledge:
. Encino Environmental Services, LLC conducted the collection, analysis, and reduction of all
samples.;
. Ihis repoft reflects the results of the testng conducted on 10/26/2023 and has not been
altered, enhanced, or biased in any manner.;
, Encino Environmental Services, LLC collected and reported the enclosed data in accordance
with procedures and qualtty assurance activities described in this test report;
. Encino Environmental Services, LLC makes no warranty as fo the suitability of the test
methods.; and
. Encino Environmental Services, LLC assumes no liability related to the interpretation and use
of this data.
K{rloZ{ler
Richard Ziker
Emissions Tech I
Encino Environmental Serviceg LLC
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7 ,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
QUALITY ASSURANCE GERTIFICATION STATEMENT
The Air Emission Testing Bodyll (AETB) should deliver data of known and documented quality on
a consistent basis regardless of the test method used.
I certify that to the best of my knowledge:
. Iest data and all corresponding information has been evaluated for accuracy and
completeness.;
. Sampling and analyses have been conducted in accordance with the approved protocol.; and
reference methods; and
. All deviations, method modifications, method deviations, sampling procedures, and analytical
anomalies are summarized in the repoft.
%-ry*?rys*"o*
Tiffany Joling-Simon
North District Manager
furcino Environmental Serviceg LLC
11 ASTM Method D7036-16 - Standard Practice for Competence of Air Emission Testing Bodies; establishes general criteria for a
Quality System that, when followed, assures consistently acceptable data quality from an AETB.
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7 ,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
STATEMENT OF RECEIPT AND ACCEPTANCE
By signing this statement, I acknowledge that I have received the emissions test repoft for the
Snapper Faciltg Unit No. 1318; an emissions performance test conducted on 10/26/2023. I have
been provided with the opportuntty to read and comment on the data contained in:
Documentilo.: EM-23-1584-0U RAn 0.
I hereby ceftify that I have personally examined the data and information contained herein. Based
on my rngurres of the individuals immediately responsibre for collecting the data associated vvith
this project,l believe the contents of this repoft deliverable to be true, accurate, and complete to the
best of my knowledge.
Signature of Company Representative (Client)
Page 5
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
1 SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS
The final emissions results (detailed) of the testing event are presented in Table 7 and compare
requirements, provisions, and allowances of the applicable governing regulations and standards.
The table below provides a summary of the mass emission rates and pollutant concentrations
(adjusted) from the testing eventl2:
Emissions Summary
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of the emissions test is to meet the standards of performance for stationary spark
ignition reciprocating internal combustion engines (henceforth "SI-RICE) and the emissions
limitations and testing requirements for RICE (engines) with a brake horsepower rating greater
than 100-hp per 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ (>500-hp for general State Compliance obligations).
1.2 Detailed Scope of Work
Encino conducted the following scope of work for the emissions test:
. Configured sampling system;
r Validated engine data from manufacturer nameplate;
. Recorded weather data;
. Recorded fuel meter readings and operational data;
. Affixed sample probe to exhaust stack;
. Performed stratification analysis of the exhaust stack;
. Performed sampling system calibration, bias, and quality analysis;
. Conducted three (3), sixty-minute (60-min) test analyses ("runs");
. Validated spectral data and test methods;and
. Compiled emissions test data and final report.
12 Regulatory and/or permitted emissions are represented on both a mass-rate basis and in parts per million (by volume; dry) basis
adjusted to fifteen percent (1 5%) orygen (engine and turbines) and three percent (3%) orygen for boilers, heaters, ovens, and other
eriternal combustion equipment. These representations demonstrate compliance with regulatory and/or permitted rates based on two
(2) mechanisms of data analysis and fulfill compliance objectives by representing emissions data in multiple formats as required (and
allowed) by the Program Administrator.
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Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
1.3 Assumptions
No assumptions have been made regarding any source operational conditions/parameters which
may exist at the location.
1.4 Special Terms and Conditions
This report has been prepared in accordance with the Proposal for Air Emissions Testing Services
and generally accepted environmental methodologies referred in 40 CFR and contains all the
limitations inherent within (methodologies).
The engine located at the Snapper Facility was "tested as found"13. This emissions test cannot
wholly eliminate uncertainty regarding the source's performance before or after the test was
performed. No other warranties, expressed or impli€d, are made as to the professional services
provided under the terms of our agreement and included in this report.
1.5 RegulatoryStatement
At least thirty to sixty days (30 - 60 days) prior to the Emissions Performance Test for the source
described in Document No.: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0, an Emissions Performance Test Notification
was submitted to the appropriate Agency (Administrator) in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60
Subpart JJJJ and the requirements/provisions outlined in 40 CFR S60.8 - Performance Testsla.
lf the Emissions Performance Test described in Document No.: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0 was
postponed, rescheduled, or delayed due to operational issues or inclement weather, the
appropriate Agency has been provided with a retest notification at least seven days (7 days) prior
to the new proposed test date.
Each Emissions Performance Test Notification - provided to the appropriate Agency, includes the
following (at a minimum):
r Name of Emissions Testing Laboratory (firm);
. Date of pretest meeting (if required);
Description of instruments, analyzers, and equipment to be utilized;
Description of methods and procedures to be utilized during sampling;
13 ln accordance with 40 CFR $60.8(c) - Performance tests shall be conducted under such conditions as the Administrator shall specify
to the plant operator based on representative performance of the affected facility. The owner or operator shall make available to the
Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of the performance tests. Operalions during periods of
startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative conditions for the purpose of a performance test nor shall
emissions in excess of the level of the applicable emission limit during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction be considered
a violation of the applicable emission limit unless otherwise specified in the applicable standard.
14 40 CFR S60.8(d)
a
a
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Date: December 7 ,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
o Procedures to determine operating rates and/or other relevant parameters during the
sampling period;
o Parameters and key data points to be documented during the sampling event (emissions
test); and
. Proposed deviations to the prescribed sampling methods.
Therefore, the Agency has been provided with the opportunity to comment on the proposed
methods, procedures, instruments, and practices which demonstrate compliance with 40 CFR
Part 60 Subpart JJJJ - prior to the testing of this source (Document No.: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0).
lf a response was not provided to either Crusoe Energy Systems, Inc or Encino Environmental
Services, LLC, the source was tested in accordance with the both the Emissions Performance Test
Notification and testing requirements listed in 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ.
A copy and transmittal (including shipment trrcking and receipt confirmation) of the Emissions
Performance Test notification submitted forthis project is located inAppendix0of this document.
For all other inquiries pertaining to the contents of this report, contact:
Encino Environmental Services, LLC
Attn: Operational Support
20302 Park Row Dr, Suite 1200
Katy, Texas 774r'9
Office:
Electronic Mail (email): [e-mail]
281.201.3544
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
2 SAMPLING SYSTEM
The sampling and analysis system and the appliance for exhaust interface utilized during the test
program is shown inFigure 1 andFigure 2 of this report. Detection principles of the analyzers can
be located throughout this report.
Hot and water-rich effluent (contextual-gaseous mixture) gas was extracted from the exit stack
(exhaust) of the muffler/catalyst/stack housing on the unit through a single point or multi-point
sample probe located on a line passing through the centroidal area meeting distance
requirements of 40 CFR Part 60, United States Environmental Protection Agency (henceforth
"EPA") Method 1 (or EPA Method 1A), and EPA Method 7E. A shepherds-hook stainless steel
probe (or multi-point sample probe; stratification test notwithstanding) three-eighths of an inch
(3/8) in diameter was connected to a heated sample line by a wrapped threeway (3-way) bias
sample valve. The gas was transported to the mobile laboratory by a heated line - maintained at
a temperature of exactly one-hundred and ninety-one degrees Celsius (191'C; approximately
376"F). A heated pump and flow meter maintained a constant flow of five liters per minute (5
LPM) of effluent gas to the MKS Multigas* 2030 FTIR analyzer.
The effluent gas sample was analyzed for target constituents, and raw data was captured within
a data acquisition system (henceforth "DAS";ts. Upon exiting the analyzer, a portion of the sample
was directed to a peristaltic pump (sample dryer and conditioner) where water was removed. The
gas was then routed to the oxygen analyzer where the concentration was measured on a dry basis
using paramagnetic technology (percent6,y; %o'.y).
2.1 lnstrumentSpecifications
Descriptlon:
Manufacturer:
Model:
Serial Number:
Technology Type:
Range:
Reproducibility:
Accuracy (post calibration):
Response Time (90% FSD):
Descrlptlon:
Manufacturer:
Oxygen Analyzer
M&C
PMA1OOOL
21 09825-020-1 9060031
paramagnetic
0-25%
Analogue=<1%ofspan
Digital = +/- 0.1 vol. % Oz
Analogue signal output = +/-1 % of span at tange 3-1 00%
Digital indicator = +/-0.1 vol. % Oz
< 3 seconds at 60 l/hr
Fourier Transform lnfrared (FTIR) Analyzer
MAX AnalMical
1s Encino Environmental Services lnc. uses EmCollect* Advanced Data Acquisition Software (proprietary) to comply with method-
appropriate sample analysis and data collection procedures.
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Model:
Serial Number:
Technology Type:
Range:
Spectral Resolution:
Scan Speed:
Detector Type:
MAX-IR
00398
FTIR Spectrometry
Between 10 ppb and 100 ppb full-scale
0.5 - 128 cm{
1 scan/second @ 0.5 cmi
LNz - cooled MCT
2.2 Data Acquisition System (DAS)
All raw test data was captured and recorded on the DAS and collected during the Test Project -
stylized/formatted to adhere to the report criteria/standards outlined in 40 CFR Si60,8 -
Performance lests, in addition to the requirements prescribed by each Method (EPA and/or
ASrM).
EmCollect* is an advanced DAS that integrates sampling system instruments with individual
software platforms and merges analog output and digital systems into a single electronic
application with functionally embedded ASTM and EPA prescribed methodologies relevant to the
testing project. The DAS and integrated equipment satisfo quality control and quality assurance
objectives (henceforth "QC/QA) through automated system performance evaluation, calibration
error analysis, (dynamic) spike recovery, and bias scrutiny - which maximizes data integrity while
minimizing margin error.
ln addition to system performance criteria/standards listed above, EmCollect- includes source-
specific input data (e.9., acquired field data;fuel details, ambient conditions, unit operation, etc.)
coupled with a library of method procedures and calculations to produce real-time mass emission
rates - which are used to compared measured results with permit and/or regulatory limits. The
data is compiled into a single EmDat electronic file and encoded with a digital transcript which
includes all data acquisition and project transactional records (data input).
$EmReport-{$p,
'{3H3#
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3 TEST PROCEDURES
3.1 EPA Method 1
Sample and Velocity lraverses for S'tationary Sources
The purpose of EPA Method 1 is to provide guidance for the selection of sampling ports and
traverse points at which sampling for air pollutants will be performed pursuant to the regulations
set forth in the Part. Two (2) procedures are presented:
. A simplified procedure (EPA Method 1 Section 11.5); and
o An alternative procedure.
The magnitude of cyclonic flow of effluent gas in a stack or duct is the only parameter quantitatively
measured in the simplified procedure.
Method Limitations
EPA Method 1 is applicableto gas streams flowing in ducts, stacks, and flues. The method cannot
be used when the following conditions/circumstances exist:
1) The flow is cyclonic or swirling;or
2) A stack is smaller than 0.30 meters (12 inches) in diameter, or 0.071 m2 (113.000 in2) in
cross-sectional area.
ln accordance with EPA Method 1 Section 11.1.1 - Sampling and/or velocity measurements are
performed at a site located at least eight stack or duct diameters downstream and two diameters
upstream from any flow disturbance such as a bend, expansion, or contraction in the stack, or
from a visible flame. lf necessary, an alternative location may be selected, at a position at least
two stack or duct diameters downstream and a half diameter upstream from any flow disturbance.
The simplified procedure cannot be utilized when the measurement site is /ess than two (2) stack or
duct diameters downstream or less than a halt (1/2) diameter upstream from a flow disturbance.l6
3.2 EPA Method 1A
Sample and Velocity lraverces for Stationary Sources with Small Stacks or Ducts
The applicability and principle of this method are identicalto EPA Method 1, except its applicability
is limited to stacks or ducts. This method is applicable to flowing gas streams in ducts, stacks,
and flues of less that approximately 0.30 meter (12 in) in diameter, or 0.071 square meters (0.071
16 Pursuant to 'Guideline for Determination of Good Engineering Practice Stack Height' (Iechnical Support Document for Stack Height
Regulations); United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards; Document No.: EPA-
450/4-8C23R, June 1 985, Page 13 - Examination of the published sketches shows the cavity to ertend from the ground vettically to
about 7.5times theheightof thebuilding; building height mayvary.
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m') (113 in2) in cross-sectional area, but equal to or greater than about 0.10 meter (4 in) in
diameter (20.10 m; 4 in), or 0.0081 m2 (12.57 in2) in cross-sectional area.
This method cannot be used when the flow is cyclonic or swirling.
3.3 EPA Method 2
Determination of Stack GasVelocity andVolumotric Flow Rate (Type SPitot Tube)
EPA Method 2 is applicable for the determination of the average velocity and volumetric flow rate
of a gas stream;typically utilized to obtain exhaust flow rates (post combustion) in stacks.
Method Limitations
EPA Method 2 is not applicable at measurement sites that fail to meet the criteria of EPA Method 1 ,
section 11.1.1 (measurement site as a function of 'stack diameter" distances). Additionally, the
method cannot be utilized for direct measurement in cyclonic or swirling flow conditions.
When unacceptable conditions exist, alternative procedures, subject to the approval of the
Administrator, must be employed to produce accurate flow rate determinations. Examples of
such alternative procedures are:
1) To installstraightening vanes;
2) To calculate the totalvolumetric flow rate stoichiometrically;or
3) Move to another measurement site at which the flow is acceptable.
3.4 EPA Method2A
Dirqt Measurementof Gas Volume Through Ptpes and Small Ducts
This method is applicable for the determination of gas flow rates in pipes and small ducts, either
in-line or at exhaust positions, within the temperature range of 0 to 50 'C (32 lo 122'F).
3.5 EPA Method 2C
Determination of Gas Velocity and Volumetric Flolry Rate in Small Stacks or Ducts (S"tandard Pitot
Tuhe)
This method is applicable for the determination of average velocity and volumetric flow rate of
gas streams in small stacks or ducts. limits on the applicability of this method are identicalto those
set forth in Method 2, Section 7.0, except that this method is limited to stationary source stacks or
ducts less than about 0.30 meter (12 in) in diameter, or 0.071 m2 (1 13 in2) in cross sectional area,
but equal to or greater than about 0.10 meter (a in) (>0.10 m; 4 in) in diameter, or 0.0081 m2 (12.57
in2) in cross-sectional area.
3.6 EPA MethodlD
Measurement of Gas Volume Flow Rates in Small Pipes and Ducts
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EPA Method 2D is applicable for the determination of the volumetric flow rates of gas streams in
small pipes and ducts; can be applied to intermittent or variable gas flows only with caution.
All the gas flow in the pipe or duct is directed through rotameter, orifice plate, or similar device to
measure flow rate or pressure drop. The device has been previously calibrated in a manner that
ensures proper calibration for the gas being measured. Absolute temperature and pressure
measurements are made to allow correction of volumetric flow rates to standard conditions.
ln most testing programs, EPA Method 2D is used on inlet fuel piping to derive fuel flow (Qr) to
calculate the total volumetric flow rate stoichiometrically.
For Sl-RICE Engines (gas-fired turbines notwithstanding) the following appurtenances are utilized
to comply with the measurement standards outlined in EPA Method 2D:
. Fuel-flow data recorded by "stock" meters (where available);
o Determined algorithmically utilizing a programmable logic controller (PLC);or
r Differential pressure measurements across an orifice plate.
3.7 EPA Reference Method 3A
Determination of Orygen and Carbon Dioxide Concentntions in Emissions from Stationary Sources
Oxygen (Oz) concentrations are determined instrumentally by EPA Reference Method 3A. The
M&C Products Model PMA22 paramagnetic analyzer receives conditioned effluent gas (dry);the
analyzer registers output signals (measurements) and which are automatically recorded on the
DAS. All raw data can be viewed inAppendix G of this report.
Oxygen is a paramagnetic gas, which means that it is attracted by a magnetic field. This magnetic
susceptibility is much greater than that of most other gas molecules and is ideal for determining
the level of oxygen in contextual gas mixtures propagated through combustion.
The paramagnetic sensor is a cylindrical-shaped container with a small glass "dumbbel!" located
inside. The dumbbell is filled with an inert gas and hangs on a suspended platinum wire within a
non-uniform magnetic field. When a sample gas containing orygen is processed through the
sensor, the oxygen molecules are attracted to the stronger of the two (2) magnetic fields. This
causes a displacement of the dumbbell which results in a rotational effect. When a gas flows
through the paramagnetic oxygen sensor, oxygen molecules are attracted to the stronger areas
of the magnetic field, causing the dumbbellto rotate.
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ln the M&C Products PMAzZ,an opposing current is applied to restore the dumbbellto its normal
position. The current required to maintain the dumbbell in its normal state is directly proportional
to the partial pressure of oxygen and is represented electronically in percenl (yo)17.
3.8 EPA Reference Method 7E (by proxy)
NOx lnstrumental (Reference Prrcedure for EPA Reference Method 3A and Data Coll*tion)
EPA Reference Method 3A, Analysis of Oxygen Content in the Effluent Gas Sample, references
EPA Reference Method TEfor general requirements to properly collect and format data. 40 CFR
Part 60 EPA Method 7E, describes how to determine appropriate sample points, conduct initial
system measurements, interference analyses, sample collection, post-run system bias and drift
assessment, calibration and standardization, QC/QA procedures, and system performance
evaluations.
ln accordance with EPA Method 7E Section 16.1 - Dynamic Spike Procedure, a dynamic spiking
procedure was used to validate test data (for all target constituent, in place of the interference
analyses and pre- and post- run system bias anatyses; where applicablels.
3.9 EPA Method 19
Determination of Sulfur Dioxide Removal Efficlency and Particulate Malter, Sulfur Dioxide, and
Nitrogen Ortde Emission Rates
EPA Method 19 is utilized to determine pollutant emission rates from the exhaust of the engine
unit. The oxygen concentration and F-factor (ratio of combustion gas volumes to heat inputs)
which is represented in units of dry standard cubic feet per million British Thermal Units
(DSCF/MMBTU) are used to determine exhaust flow rates. The client furnished Encino with an
application-specific (source) fuel-gas analysis, which was used to determine fuel caloric value.
Adjusted oxygen measurements were used with gross fuel caloric value to determine the oxygen
supported Fuel-factor on a dry basis.
Molecular constituency from the most recent fuel-gas sample was applied to the formulae
outlined in EPA Method 19; the output of these calculations is tocated in Table 7 - Fuel Factor
Calculations, IaDle 8 - Emission Rate Calculatl'ons, and Table 9 - EPA Method 19 Fuel Composition
of this document.
17 Partial Pressure: notional pressure of the constituent gas if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same
temperature; measurement of thermodynamic activity of the gas's molecules . Charles Henrickson (2005). Chemistry.
18 Where applicable; the Dynamic Spike Procedure will be utilized in accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03 unless conditions arise
where a more stringent Dynamic Spike Procedure is necessary.
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3.10 EPA Method 205
Verification of Gas Dilution Systems for Field lnstrument Calibrations
A gas dilution system produces known low{evel calibration gases from high-level calibration
gases, with a degree of confidence equal to that for EPA Protocol 1 gasesle. lt may be used for
compliance tests in lieu of multiple calibration gases when the gas dilution system is
demonstrated to meet the requirements of the prescribed method. EPA Method 205 verification
was completed in the field when the dilution concentrations were mixed and introduced to the
FTIR analyzer three (3) times to determine instrument response.
3.11 ASTM Method D6348-03
Standard lest Metfiod for Determination of Gaseous Compounds by Extractive Dir*t lnlrlrtace
Fourier Transform lnfrared Fnil Spectroscopy
Fourier transform infrared (henceforth "FTIR") spectroscopy is a measurement technique for
collecting infrared spectra and in this program was utilized to gather data for oxides of nitrogen
(NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)20. lt works on the principle
that most gases absorb infrared light. The quantity of infrared light absorbed is proportionalto
the gas concentration of the constituents. The captured infrared spectrum represents a
"fingerprint" of the sample with absorption peaks which correspond to the frequencies of
movement between the bonds of each compound's atoms. Since each compound represents a
unique combination of atoms, no two (2) compounds produce identical absorption
characteristics. Therefore, infrared spectroscopy can identify each compound by comparing the
individual absorbency patterns to an established spectra library of known compounds.
Additionally, the size of the peaks in the spectrum is a direct indication of the amount of the target
constituent (compound or element) present.
The MKS Multigas* 2030 FTIR is configured with a fixed, effective optical path length of five and
eleven hundredths'meters (5.1 1 m) (approximately 16.8 ft) and employs a helium-neon laser.
ln accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03, system response evaluations (system performance
"pre-analyses") were conducted prior to the test project. The instrument was configured to
analyze the sample at sixteen scans per minute (16 spm) to determine response time of the
optical cell to reach ninety-five percent (95%) of the known calibration value (ppm,d). ln the MKS
Multigas" - the optical cell is exactly one liter (1 L);therefore, the response time can be properly
le EPA Traceability Protocol for Assay and Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards; to provide analytical and statistical
procedures that may be used to establish NIST-traceability for gaseous calibration standards.
20 ln accordance with 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ; S60.4245(d) - ASTM Method 06348-03 (incorporated by reference - see 40 CFR
60. 1 7) to measure VOC require reporting of all QA/QC data (Annexes 1-7). Table 4 to Subpart ZZZZ ot Part 63 - Requirements for
Performance Tests.
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determined at a flow rate of (between) five and seven and a half liters per minute (5.00 LPM -
7.50 LPM; optics cell volume).
All FTIR data was collected at a spatial frequency between fiv*tenths and one reciprocal
centimeter (0.5 - 1.0 cm{) resolution. Each spectrum was derived from the average of sixty (60)
scans. Data was collected continuously for each test, with a new data point generated every sixty
(60) seconds.
3.12 Discussion
ln accordance with 40 CFR $60.8(c)21 - Performance tests shall be conducted under such
conditions as the Administrator shal! specify to the plant operator based on representative
performance of the affected facility. The owner or operator shall make available to the
Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of the performance
tests. Operations during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute
representative conditions for the purpose of a performance test nor shall emissions in excess of
the level of the applicable emission limit during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction be
considered a violation of the applicable emission limit unless otherwise specified in the applicable
standard.
The two (2) methods which apply to measurements relating to fuel flow (EPA Method 2A and EPA
Method 2D) require calibration and verification of the metering device. Both methods discuss
introducing representative gases at known flow rates to demonstrate compliance with the
tolerances listed in each procedure (under "representative" conditions). This may be
accomplished one of two ways:
o ln-situ: A dedicated fuel flow metering device is isolated from the primary fuel system and
gases of known constituency and flowrates are introduced inline of the piping circuitry; or
. Ex-situ: An independent flowmeter (test meter) is calibrated and verified while challenged
with known gases and flowrates - to be installed at some point in the primary fuel system.
!n either case, the SI-RICE source will be required to power down to a) perform calibration and
verification of the dedicated meter through isolation or b) to install the independent meter - once
verified. By utilizing any one of these methods, the source is potentially at risk of non-compliance;
pursuant to 40 CFR $60.8(c):
"Operations during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative
conditions for the purpose of a performance test..'
21 40 CFR 560.8 - Performance tests.
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Startup and shutdown procedures for certain types of SI-RICE sources may include equilibrating
high-pressure systems (e.9., natural gas compression systems) to atmosphere. Typically, these
practices are limited to the allowances and thresholds outlined in the Air-QualiU Authorization
(i.e., Air Permit) which governs the operation and performance of the SI-RICE source. ln this case,
the SI-RICE source must be "prepared" for shutdown to calibrate the inline flow meter or install the
independent meter. As such, any emissions from source preparation may exceed short-term
emission limits (of the Air Permit) and cause secondary pollutant impacts - particularly
greenhouse gases (henceforth "GHG") as natural gas (fuel gas) contains (predominantly)
methane (henceforth "CHn") possessing a globalwarming potential(henceforth "GWP") of atleast
27 times that of COz.
After the SI-RICE (in gas compression service) is started, the engine must cycle for up to six (6)
hours -depending upon transmission gas availability since gas is generally rerouted prior to shut
down. Additionally, engine tuning (post startup) may be required to adjust for fuel pressure,
ambient conditions, and other operational variables. Therefore, in some cases, satisfying the
conditions and requirements of each method (EPA Method 2A or EPA Method 2D) create
scenarios which are not representative of routine operating conditions.
ln accordance with 40 CFR S60.8(d), the Administrator has been provided at least thirty days (30-
days) prior notice of this performance testing regimen. Unless otherwise indicated, instructed,
and/or advised, the testing body utilized the protocol outlined in the corresponding notification
See Section 1.5.
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4 OPERATION DESCRIPTION
The Waukesha 9394GSl spark-ignited internal combustion stationary engine is fueled with natural
gas and is used in either gas-transmission service by driving a generator unit; stationary engine-
driven generator is used to increase pressure and continue the flow of natural gas to pipeline
pressure in order to supply the natural gas demand/distribution downstream or for electrical utility
generation to power a local microgrid. A copy of the stationary engin+specific manufacturer data
is included in A,ppendix B of this report.
Descriptions of the utility and application of the Waukesha 9394GSl spark-ignited is located in
Tahle 2 and Appendix C.
4.1 Operational Data
Operational data of the spark-ignited stationary engine was recorded during each sample run.
This data included the load (percent; %) at which the stationary engine ran during the test and
various factors that help determine and ensure mechanical integrity of the stationary engine -
such as oil pressure, manifold pressure, and revolutions per minute of the mechanical compressor
unit (voltage and amperage where applicable). A copy of the field data sheets is included in
Appendix C of this report. Emissions source operational data is located in Table 2 of this report.
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5 SAMPLING SYSTEM CALIBRATION DATA
Pursuant to the QC/QA requirements outlined in each method and incorporated in this test
program, quality assurance activities were undertaken prior, during, and after each emissions
performance project. The following sections detail the QC/QA techniques and practices which
were rigorously followed during the testing program.
5.1 Oxygen Analyzer
The response of the oxygen analyzer was evaluated and adjusted in the field prior to the collection
of data via multipoint calibration. Oxygen analyzer calibration data - including error analysis and
bias corrections is located inTable 3 of this report.
5.2 FTIR Analyzer
Linearity of the FTIR instrument was analyzed by first adjusting the zero (0) and span responses
to zero nitrogen (0-Nz), and then to an upscale calibration gas in the range of expected
concentrations (of each target analyte)22.
ln accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010) Annex 6 (46.1), the noise equivalent
absorbance (henceforth "NEA") was determined by flowing nitrogen (zero air) through the gas
sample cell while collecting a "background" spectrum (in succession). Line position was
determined by flowing nitrogen through the gas sample cell and acquiring a spectrum which, in-
turn, was used to determine the wavelength that corresponds to the maximum peak absorbance
(line position) of water vapor in the region of 1,918 cm{, or from 3,045 to 3,050 cm-1 (or another
suitable spectral region that remains consistent)23. Additionally, the system resolution was
recorded and verified by flowing nitrogen through the gas sample cell and allowing equilibration
at sub-atmospheric pressure (approximately one hundred torr (100 torr)). An absorbance
spectrum was collected with a resolution at the one-half (1/2) width and the one-half (1/2)
maximum height of the water vapor lines in the region of 1,918 cm{ (or, from 3,045 to 3,050 cm{
or another suitable region that remains constant).
The instrument was then challenged with other calibration gases of known concentrations to
determine instrument response. A copy of instrument data displaying peak signal intensity and
analysis is represented by Figure 3.
5.3 Gas Diluter Validation
The dilution system was calibrated in accordance with EPA Method 205 to generate calibration
gases (analytes) where measured concentration values (ppm,d) are within two percenl (!2"/") of
22 ASTM Method D6348-03 (201 0), Annex a (Aa.S) - Required Pretest Procedures.
23 ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010), Annex 6 (A6.2) - Line Position.
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the of the predicted values. The predicted values were calculated based on the certified
concentrations of the supply gases and gas flow rates ("dilution factors") through the gas dilution
system (measured by rotameterzal. A copy of the field gas dilution system calibration report is
located inTable 4.
Pursuant to EPA Method 205, the gas dilution system has been calibrated, on a prescribed interval
using NIST-traceable primary flow standards with an uncertainty /ess than or equalto twenty-five
hundredth percent (s 0.257"). A copy of the factory gas dilution system validation certificate is
included in Appendix D of this report.
5.4 Sampling System
After each sample run, the analyzers were evaluated for zero (0) and span drift. The criterion for
acceptance verification; the instrument drift is no more than three percent (t37") of the full-scale
response.
Absence of leaks in the sampling system was verified by a sampling system bias and performance
evaluation. The sampling system's integrity was tested by comparing the response of the
analyzers to the calibration gases which were introduced via two (2) paths:
1) Directly into the analyzer; and
2) Through the entire sample system, introduced at the probe.
Differences in instrument response by these two (2) methods is attributed to sampling system
bias. The criterion for acceptance is within five percent (r5%) of known values.
5.5 Calibration Gases
Gas mixtures were used that contained known concentrations of each target analyte as well as
other gases necessary to adhere to the ASTM Method D6348-03 sampling procedure. These
gases were produced and certified in accordance with "EPA Traceability Protocol for Assay and
Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards", September 1997, as amended August 25,1999,
EPA -600/R-97/121 or more recent updates. Copies of gas cylinder certificates are included in
AppendixE.
21 A rotameter is a device that measures the volumetric flow rate of gas in a closed tube. R.C. Baker. Flow Measurement Handbook:
lndustrial Designs, Operating Principles, Performance, and Applications. (201 6) 790 pages.
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6 FTIR DATA VALIDATION
ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010) includes stringent compliance requirements and QC/QA
practices for Encino's Emissions Technicians and Operational Support Project Managers to follow
while collecting and analyzing test data.
6.1 Minimum Detection Limits (MDL)
Pretest requirements include establishing "best case" readings for a known contaminant and
comparing it to actual field conditions2s. Best case minimum detectable concentrations
(henceforth "MDC" or "MDL"; interchangeable)25 are based on system noise - excluding
interferences like water and methane vapor. lnstrument response for target constituents is
detailed in Figure 4 of this report.
6.2 Calibration Transfer Standard and System Purge
A calibration transfer standard (henceforth "CTS") was analyzed prior to, and after testing. The
concentrations determined for all calibration standards were within five percent (i57") of the
certified value of each standard (certified concentration)27. Ethylene passed through the entire
system to validate response and ensure that it was leak-free from the sample interface location
(probe) to the FTIR instrument2s. A copy of the CTS report is included in lable 5. Nitrogen was
also purged through the sample system to ensure that it remained free from contaminants.
6.3 Dynamic Spiking and Recovery
Analyte dynamic spiking is performed prior to each test project to determine the system's ability
to quantitatively deliver measurements from the base of the sample interface location (probe) to
the FTIR, and to confirm the ability of the FTIR to quantify each analyte spike in the presence of
effluent gas.
The spiking gases contained a low concentration of sulfur hexafluoride (SFe) which was used in
the spiked sample to calculate the dilution factor (DF) of the spike; and thus, used to calculate the
2s ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010); Annex A2 - Determination of FTIR Measurement S)stem Minimum Detectable Concentrations
(MDC/MDL) and Overall Concentration Uncertainty.
26 Minimum Detection Limit (or level) is the minimum concentration that can be measured with 99% confidence that the value is above
zero.
27 ASTM Method 06348-03; Section 1 1.3.4 PreTest Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)- Flow the calibration transfer standard gas
through the FTIR gas cell, Analyze the CTS gas and verify the results are within 5 % of the certified value.
28 ASTM Method D63z18{3 (2010) Annex A4; A4.5 - Conduct a system mechanical response time test by dlrecting the CTS gas through
the entire sampling system including the primary particulate matter filter cartridge. The mechanical response time is the time required
forthegastoequilibratefullywithinthesamplingsystem. ltisafunctionofthelengthofthesampletransportline,thegascell volume
(1 L), and the flowrate through the FTIR sample cell (5.00 LPM - 7.5 LPM). Refercnce Section 3.0.
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concentration of the spike gases. The DF for all analyte spikes was less than one-to-ten (1 :10).
All spike recoveries were within the ASTM Method D6348-03 Annex 5 allowance of thirty percent
(t307,) as listed in lable 6 of this report2e.
ln instances where EPA Method 7E applies, the spike recoveries are validated within one hundred -
plus or minus ten percent (100%, !10%). Pre- and post- spike procedures will be documented if the
Reference Method (EPA Method 7E) was utilized.
6.4 Review of Test Methodologies and Spectra! Data Validation
To verify compliance with ASTM Method D6348-03 Standard lest Method for Determination of
Gaseous Compounds by Extractive Direct lnterface Fourier Transform Fnil Spectroscopy the
following data validation steps were completed30,31:
1 . The Test Plan was reviewed to ensure that the recommended testing conditions were used
to collect the data (e.9., verified the correct testing intervals, requisite observations, and
samples) and that the temperature and pressure requirements were met.
2. The spectral data was reviewed to ensure that a background spectrum (instrument zero)
was obtained at the beginning of the testing program32.
3. Field calibration data for each target analyte as well as the CTS were reviewed for the
instrument to ensure that the results obtained from each measurement were within five
percent (t5%) of certified values.
4. Pretest and post-test data were evaluated to ensure that the CTS gases were used to
perform the instrument stability evaluations and that the results were within five percent
(t5%) of the certified values.
5. Dynamic spiking data were reviewed to ensure that each spiked compound was recovered
within thirty percent (t30%) of each certified value.
6. An inspection of water absorbency at a spatial absorbance of one-thousand, nine-hundred,
and eighteen reciprocal centimeters (1,918 cm-1) was conducted to evaluate line position
and line width (as a measure of resolution) of selected spectra.
2e ASTM Method D6348-03; Annex 5 - Analyte Spiking Technique.
30 The review of test methodologies and acquired data (spectral and other) is performed by a degreed environmental professional
(Environmental Scientist, Environmental Chemist, or Engineer) wlth a minimum of seven (7) years relevant experience and versed in
ASTM and EPA sampling protocol.
31 ASTM Method D6348-03; Annex 8 - Post Test QualiU Assurance/Control Procedures.
32ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010);AnnexA6 - Determination of System Performance Parameters - Noise EquivalentAbsorbance
(NEA), Line Position, and Detector Linearity.
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7. The sample spectrum was reviewed for each sample run; manual scaling was compared
to the calculated FTIR results.
6.5 Quality Management
The primary objective of this testing program is to provide the Regulated Entity and/or Regulatory
Agency with unaltered and unbiased environmental measurements and data collected, managed,
and distributed in a manner consistent with laboratory, requisite methodologies, and regulatory
policies/procedures.
Additionally, Encino maintains and strictly follows a three-phase (3-phase) Quality Management
Plan/Processs3 (henceforth "QMP") which details facilities, laboratory practices, methods,
personnel, and equipment necessary for meeting QC/QA objectives.
The policies and practices of QC/QA outlined in this report are set forth as minimum requirements.
Any additional measures required by a testing project are documented in Appendix C.
33 Quali$ Management Plan (QMP); QMP{ $0048-001 REV 1.
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7 EM!SSIONS CALCULATIONS
7.1 Emission Rates
Oxygen (Oz) concentrations (expressed in units of percent; 7") and appropriate F-factors were used
to calculate pollutant emission rates from pollutant concentrations. EPA Method 19, Formula 19-
1, was used to derive the post-combustion exhaust flow rates - expressed in units of standard
cubic feet per hour (henceforth "SCFH) from diluent measurements (% Oz), fuel-gas analysis (site
specific), and the heat input values ("R'; MMBTU/hr) obtained from the gas-spec lower and higher
heating values ("LHV" and "HHV"). EPA Method 19 fuel factor derivation and pollutant emission
rate calculations are included in Table 7 and T*le 8 of this report (respectively).
7.2 FuelAnalysis
Michael Duplantis, EHS with Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc, supplied a site-specific fuel-gas analysis
which was used to develop the EPA Method 19 Fuel Composition for method-approved emission
rate calculations. A copy of the customer-supplied analysis is included in Figure 5 of this report.
The EPA Method 19 Fuel Composition can is located inTable9.
7.3 Engine Performance Data
Technical data regarding the performance and overall operation of the engine was supplied by the
manufacturer (Appendix B). A copy of the engine-specific data sheet is included in Appendix F.
@ Page24
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
8 RAW DATA
Raw data was captured and recorded on the EmCollect* DAS and includes all calibration activities,
sample system integrity evaluations, validations, and data collected during each sample run. A
copyof the DAS report is included inAppandixGs.
3a As defined by The Air Quality System (AQS; EPA); Raw Data represents data that has been successfully loaded (with aulomated
relational checks performed/passed) and is ready for review. Dala is only visible to members of the screening group responsible for
the monitor and will not be included in any reports except for those specifically designed to view pre-production data.
@ Page 25
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7 ,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
9 QUALIFICATIONS OFENVIRONMENTALPROFESSIONALS
Please refer to A,ppendix H for resumes of key personnel who have contributed to the completion
of this project.
9.1 ASTM Method D7036-04
Standad Pnctice for Competence of Air Emission Testing Bodies
This practice specifies the general requirements for competence to carry out sampling and
analysis for air emissions tests of stationary sources. lt covers testing and calibration performed
using standard methods, non-standard methods and methods developed by the Air Emissions
Testing Body ("AETB")35.
Encino Environmental Services, LLC demonstrates conformance to ASTM Method D7036-04 in
accordance with the following:
1. The AETB follows a QMP that addresses each of thq requirements listed in Method ASTM
D7036-04.
2. The AETB maintains an organization which includes the following professionals:
. TechnicalManager;
o Quality Manager;and
. Qualifiedlndividual.
3. Emissions Performance Test Plans are required for all projects (including non-regulatory
applications).
4. The AETB performs internal audits at least once annually.
5. Laboratory management certifies program objectives and conformance with ASTM
Method D7036-04.
To inquire about ASTM Method D7036-04 conformance and practices, contact Operational
Support from the options listed in Section 7.5 of this document.
3s ASTM Method D703C06 - Standard Practice for Competence qf Air Emission Testing Bodies.
@ Page 26
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
FIGURES
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper FaciliU
Date: December7,2023
Document EM-23-158+001 REV 0
Photographs
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Figure 3: Peak Signal lntensity and Analysis (Quality Analysis)
Peak Signa! lntensity
PeakAnalysis
I llrul rezoro
leF l-oloGsl I
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
NO
Date: Decembr7,2023
Document EM-23-1584.001 REV 0
Figure 4:Detection Limits
co
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Datq December7,2023
Document EM.+23-15&SO01 RBI 0
Ethylene (CTS; VOG SubstlUte)
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Figure 5: FuelAnalysis
Sample Gas Analysis
PII:,19771 AXIA RAVO{-LA T ASTER SALES UINTAH
xrro=nfronarar.r
An#Srift Jr, Adam
Irbr$rtno Cmpry:630 - KU ALTAMOI.IT LLC
ElI $m Dt.:2021/1'lr0l 00:m:m
l@h,O..lro.to lur
Tc.t Lcdm:AXLA RAVOLLA IiIASTER SALES UINTI
Pr6sre B6c: 14.73
O.uIm S.mph Sl.nt m21 h1 lW
Dd.rIIre silCe End:
Smplc FcqEncy:
8atrph IlTe;
oatcmme Amtyi3 ml.Gd lnao EFll: z)2111 I /09 I 2:09:00
ln, Dry: 1.313390
BIUUTA:1-32m15
LaD(To b. tlll€d or.a by UB PEml)
r-J coa",iiir''
BTU CoIdi
8C:
Rcpon r:366338 Andyz.d Bt[
Saplc * :Andycs Date:202 1/11/09 I 2:09!0
illtrcgm: 0.14880 ta.opciln: 0.00000 D6uc: 0.00ffX)EthIBms: 0.000@
C{to Dloi(b: 0.85890 t op.rte: 0.59260 l{qu6 Plus: 0.66450 Xylc: 0.00000
itthe: 7'1.75530 Pqre: 0.92520 Hy(troCa: 0.0(xrc0 Tduoc: 0.000(x)
Ethe: 12.47530 l{cxm: 0.52Sm 8qtrc 0.0m00 lrlcn 0.(x)000
PDpu: 6333m tlcEm: 0.10510 OrygH: 0.0(x)00 HyrogmSr.a[dr: 0.00000
laobrlam: 0.9'1770 oclm: 0.02870 Hdlm: 0.0u)00 Mtffi aulldc cffa: 0.00000
lfiam:
iJa,ioo.md66
2.32850
cPtt
HGx&: 0.21840
Pppc: 1.75i80
l5obl.e: 0.30.150
!!am: 0.73700
Icopatsrc: 0.00000
l-PcntilG: 0.21760
P6tTq 0.33e70
EErs.: 3.34S70
H.p(n: 0.04870 lbtd: 6.977m
ocre: 0.01480
Ilnil: 0.00100
DGGm: 0.00000
coilmlEs
Rcadm Locdo DaEfnmc lypc lbstel P16sE(pdg)Gas Tcrpo tl28(grdE l00 mO oaPFrr) ll2O0bs,'ltlEn
0.00
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Page 1 of 1 4ElN22 11:54:414M
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
TABLES
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Table 2: Emissions Source Data
Test Run
Start Time 09:15 10.,21 12:30
End Time 10:15 11:21 13:30
Logging lnterval (minutes)60 60 60 60
Arnblent Conditlons
Dry Bulb / Ambient Temperature ('F)50 45 48 48
Wet Bulb Temperature ("F)N/A N/A N/A 0
Average Humidity (7")67 36 29 44
Barometric Pressure (inches Hg)29.84 29.96 29.98 29.927
Elevation (AMSL;ft)7,167
Emlsslons Source
Manufacturer Waukesha
Model 9394GSt
SerialNumber 1 632554
Unit Number 1318
Manufacture/Rebuild Date (DOM)N/A
Source Category Stationary Engine
Fuel Type (e.9., natural gas, diesel, DGB):NaturalGas
Emisdons Soure Oper*onal Dda
Fuel flow rate; EPA Method 2C or 2D Determined By BSFC(LHV)
Fuelflow rate (SCFH)13,354.65 13,354.65 13,354.65 13,354.65
BSFCrgv (BTU/BHP/hr)6,500.00 6,500.00 6,500.00 6,500.00
Rich Burn / Lean Burn (excess air)Rich Burn
Calculated Load (%)90.0%90.0%90.0% 90.07"
Current Power (HPutlir"o)2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00
Manufacturer Max Rated Power (BHP)2s00
Manufacturer Max Rated Speed (RPM)1 200
Emission Control Equipment catalyst
Engine Type Spark-lgnited
Engine Hours (hrs)8062
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Bias Corrections
Table 3-4
Example Calculation of Post-Orygelcorrected (7" Oz) For 7'? Iest Run
Ugas -
ugas -
Where:
Cgas
Cavs
co
C.
cr"
SnappdFdty
TestDtt:1Onf/2U23
SampleRun
Averago
1!t 21d 3rd
Post Oxygen (% Oz)
Measured -1.372 -1.390 -1.423 -1.39
Corrected 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00
-1.372 - -0.02
I oooo lz"
Average effluent gas concentration adjusted for bias, expressed in units of parts per
million by volume, dry basis (ppm,d) or percent (7'); "Corrected" value listed in fabre
3-4.
Average unadjusted gas concentration indicated by the analyzer instrument
expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppm,d) or percent (%);
"Measured" value listed inTable 3-1.
Average of initial and final system calibration bias analysis response for low-level
calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppm,d)
or percent (7") located in Table 3-2.
Average of initial and final system calibration bias analysis response for upscale
calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppm,d)
or percent (7") located inTable 3-2.
Concentration of upscale calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by
volume, dry basis (ppm,d) or percent (%) located inTable 3-2.
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Table 4: Gas Diluter Validation
lnstrument: Teledyne Advanced Pollution lnstrumentation; Model T700
Type: Dynamic Dilution Calibrator
Serial Number: N/A
Date TIme: Oct 26, 2023 07:42
Validatlon Gas: Orygen Concentration:
Dlluted Gas:Orygen Concentratlon:
Target Concentration:
Diluted Gas: Oxygen Concentration:
Target Concentration:
13.03%
100.00%
12.00%
100.00%
6.00%
Average: 12.95 %
Deviation: -0.59%
Average: 12.95%
Deviation: -0.59%
Anapskm Obsercd
1
2
3
6.03 %
6.03 o/.
5.95 %
Average: 6.00 %
Deviation: -O.4%
trA Medud 205: Verlflcatlon of Gas Dilutioa S;atems for Field lnsnumem Callbntions; A gas dilution system produces known low-
level calibration gases from highlevel calibration gases with a degree of confidence similar to that for EPA Protocol , gases. ,t may
be used for compliance tests in lian of muftiple calibration gases when the gas dilution system is verified to meet the requirements of
the Method.
Oxygan AnalV*: Orygen concentrations were determined instumentally by EPA Reference Method 3A. All raw data can be viewed in
lgpendtx G. Orygen calibration procedures and results can be found in Table 3 and within the repoft naffative. An M&C Products
Model PMA 22 paramagnetic analyzer was used for verification of the gas dilution systern.
Analfhnun Observed
1
2
3
12.95?.
12.95?o
12.96?.
ArulyslsRu Oberved
1
2
3
12.95o/.
12.95?o
12.96%
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Pre-fest Dir*t
Table 5: Calibration Transfer Standard
Ocr26,2023 07:45
TqEtCo{lc€ntaton
(ppm)
Ethylene (CzHr)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CsHa)
Acetaldehyde (CzHaO)
136
7,000
7,200
3,700
100
0
50
0
0
117
7,000
7,200
3,700
100
60
130
0
0
Ethylene (CzHn)ao
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CsHe)
Acetaldehyde (CzHrO)
Pre-Iest System Oct 26, 2023 07:45
Post-fest Direct Oct 26, 202313:47
38 System response is defined as the time required for the system to reach 95% (as observed by the instrument) of the certified value
of each analyte (cylinder or target concentration).
3e Start and stop data is acquired from MG2000 data (LAB files).
40 Target ethylene concentration for pre-test system performance evaluation is based on pre-test system 'direct'concentration reading;
ASTM Method D6348-03 (201 0) 1 1 .4.1 Analyze the CTS gas and verify that the pathlength results agree to within 5 % of the certified
value of the CTS. Record the measurement results.
Ethylene (CzHa)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CsH8)
Acetaldehyde (CzHrO)
130
6,500
6,500
3,000
100
0
0
80
40
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Table 6: ASTM Method D6348-03 - Annex 5 Analyte Spiking Technique
Prt.T0tmiDd"
sampte Fite Begin: -f- t3o
Sample File Final:
Crffld.Io.trlb!
tu4t Conenfraion
(ppm)'
Carbon Monoxide (C0)
Nitric oxide (NO)
Propane (CrHo)
Acetaldehyde (CrH.O)
Ethylene (CzHr)
Sulfur Hexafluoride rnrye (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluoride Ets. (SFd
Sulfur Hexafl uoride Acuueryrc (SF5)
493.90
483.60
513.30
N/A
N/A
5.10
N/A
N/A
S&.Avt gB
cmpound Corcottadm (ppm)
Carbon Dioxide (C0r)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric oxide (N0)
Propane (CrHa)
Acetaldehyde (CzHaO)
Ethylene (Cu Ha)
Water Vapor (H2O)
Sulfur Hexafluoride r.n. (SFo)
Sulfur Hexalluoride G.o. (SFo)
Sulf ur Hexafl uoride
^d.E.hd.
(SF5)
6,705.076
6,844.729
4,008.549
NaN
NaN
D&donn ns
Cornpourd Pemnug.(t)
Carbon Dioxide (C02)
Water Vapor (H2O)
Sulfur Hexafluoride enlya (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluoride Er*- (SF6)
Sulfu r Hexafl uside ^a.mm.
(SFa)
-11.71%
103.76%
1 58.99%
N/A
N/A
Oct 26, 2023 08:1 I
ln eccotdance with ASTM Method D534843 Section 7 7.3.5 (Annex 5), and SOP MTHD-ASTMO6348-03401
Attachmenl+ (Analyte Spiking Techniquel percnl recovery prccedures and calculations wete peiomed
for all applicable compounds (target constnuert .
$lh€o.tcrffit3(ggil)
cmpound tAB 1 LAB 2 L/AB 3 Aw.e.
Carbon Dioxide (COr)
CaIbon Monoxide (CO)
Nirdc oxide (No)
Propane (CrHo)
Aceraldehyde (CzHaO)
Elhylene (CzH+)&
Water VBpor (H20)
Sulfur Hexafluoride r6ye (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluoride Etry"* (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafl uoride ^erract*
(SFo)
1.942
6,647.051
6,829.284
3,882.649
N/A
N/A
{.141
8.096
N/A
N/A
1.941
6,670.933
6,861.194
3,891.A62
N/A
N/A
{.134
8.093
N/A
N/A
1.964
6,602.059
68s4.8s1
3,843.136
N/A
N/A
4.1M
8.136
N/A
N/A
1.962
6,640.014
6,848.2143
3,873.549
N/A
N/A
{.140
8.108
N/A
N/A
$t(.RE,.I,
cmpound Pscs*lor (t)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nilric Oxide (NO)
Propane (C:Hr)
Ethylene (CrHr)
Acetaldehyde (CrHaO)
NaN
NaN
Ra@vory lor 6ach analyto
must be between 70oh - 130oh
(r 30%)
w,
Isptked ctutuatd(rpm) - stuk corcdtdion Qry)\ x I --lyy!!!ayy4APacdB.@qAtutfl. =
S.mpte Flor R.la (LPA6:An.Maspk FNR.i9(LPH): 0.5
'1 Timestamp infomation obtained frcm MG2000 LAB files.
a2 Gases rere prcdrced and @ttified in a@d/an@ with 'EPA Tnceability Prtocol fot Assay id Cefification of Gaseous Cafbration Stand8rds', Septmbe t 1997, as amended August
25,1999, EPA-600/R-97/121 ot more recenl updates.
€ Conenlrations represent ten percent (r0%) ol actual bottle con@ntntion as pq ASTM D634843 - Annex 5 (Analrte Spiking Technhue); ild Attachment F of Encino SOP MTHD-
ASTi*D634843-O01.e Per ASTM D6348{3, a spike recovery analysis is not required for ethylene (CTS). However, an ethylene spike may be performed 8nd used lo satisfy lhe spike recovery
requiremenls for VOC (in lieu of propane - C3).
15 Pet ASTM D634843, stack sample must involve at least fifteen (1 g independent samples; quivalent to five (5) cell volumes. The volume of the cell in the MKS 2030" Ff-lR is one
(1) lil€t thercforc, at a sample Ete of five (5) liteB per minute (LPM), the @il is fiiled five (5) times at sirteen (,6) scans
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Table 7: EPA Method 19 Fuel Factor Calculations
Nomenclature
OzFo Oz F-factor, DSCF/million BTU
K Conversion factor (1,000,000 BTU)
Kr 3.64 SCF of exhaust/lb of hydrogen burned/Hydrogen (percent; %)
Kc 1.53 SCF of exhaust/lb of carbon burned/Carbon (percent; 7d
lG 0.57 SCF of exhaust/lb of sulfur burned/Sulphur (percent; %)
Kr,r 0.14 SCF of exhaust/lb of nitrogen burned/Nitrogen (percent; 7d
Ko 0.46 SCF of exhaust/lb of oxygen burned/Orygen (percent; %)
GCV Gross caloric value of fuel analysis, BTU/lb
!nput
Percent of Total Mass (from fuel analysis)46:
Hydrogen 7o 22.21 H
Carbon % 76.22 C
Sulphur 7o 0.00 S
Nitrogen 7o 0.21 N
Oxygen % 1.36 O
(lG x x; + (lG x c) + (tCx s) + (x* x N) - (lGx o) x K
OzFa
GCV
196,862,073.90
OzFo
23,243.92
OzFo 8,469.401 DSCF/MMBTU
a6 EPA Method 19; Section 12.3.2.1, Equation 19-13.
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Table 8: Method 19 Emission Rate Calculations
Fuel
HHV (BTUiSCF)1,203.173
LHV (BTU/SCF)1,095.124
F-factor (DSCF/MMBTU)8,469.401
Measured Concentratlons
Oz (vol %) co*a"o 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00
CO (ppm"d)57.476 53.551 47.833 52.95
NOx (ppm"d)-5.554 -10.479 -6.429 -7.49
V0Crorr(ppmd)-22.569 -23.629 15.966 -10.08
THC (ppmd)26.436 16.934 115.263 52.88
HCHO (ppm"d)-0.171 -0.166 -0.137 -0.16
Operatlng CondlUons
Engine Horsepowerell;796 (HP)2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00
Fuel Flow Rate Qr (SCFH)13,354.65 13,354.65 13,354.65 13,354.65
BSFCr-nv (BTU/BHP-hr)6,500.00 6,500.00 6,500.00 6,500.00
Fuel BTU Consumption (MMBTU/hr)16.07 16.07 16.07 16.07
Exhaust Flow Rate - Qd (SCFH)136,086.00 136,086.00 136,086.00 136,086.00
Exhaust Flow Rate (SCFM)2,268.10 2,268.10 2,268.10 2,268.10
Engine Hours (hrs)8062
Converter Pressure Drop (in HzO)N/A
Dury (kw-hr)N/A N/A N/A N/A
Calculated Emlsslons
co
(rb/h0 0.568 0.530 0.473 0.524
(ton/yr)2.489 2.319 2.072 2.293
(g/BHP-hr)0.115 0.107 0,095 0.106
(ppmd at 15% Oz)16.225 15.117 13.503 14.948
lb/MMBtu 0.039 0.036 0.032 0.036
NOx
(lb/hr)0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
(ton/yr)0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
(s/BHP-hr)0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
(ppm,d at 15% 0z)0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
lb/MMBtu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
VOCns
(lb/hr)0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
(ton/Vr)0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
(s/BHP-hr)0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
(ppmd at 15% oz)0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
lb/MMBtu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document EM-23-158/t{r01 REV 0
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Datq December7,2023
Document EM'23-1584-001 REl/ 0
APPENDICES
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
SINGLE POINT SAMPLING
Date: December7,2023
Document EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
TORY JUSTIFICATION
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Fon:
To3
subr.cc
D.t :
fad-ftEo!
&e-ElteodcB
EPA 7E SiEb hht strplhg
ffiay, Denbar2l, 2018,1:P:24 Pttl
Joe,
As we discussed there is some confusion about Single point samplint and when it is allowed. 5o as
we discussed during our recent phone call:
ln summary there are provisions for single point sampling for instrumental sampling of pollutants;
however, at must be justified by either having a small stack or by proving no stratification exists using
astratificationtest. lwouldnotethatthestratificationtestshouldbeconductedpriortoeach
testing event at each individual source, even if that particular source or others of same make, model,
and manufactu re year have previously proven u nstratified du ring prior sou rce testing. The rational
we discussed from the method is below.
According to EPA Method 7-E, Section 8.1.2:
3rd sentence "lf testing for multiple pollutants or diluents at the same site, a stratification test usin8
only one pollutant or diluent satisfies this requirement." So any pollutant or diluent measured can
be used to conduct a stratification test. And the stratification test is conducted according to Method
1.
Alternatively, a stratification test may be conducted (6th sentence) "...at three points on a line
passing through the centroidal area"... as stated in the following sentences.
4thsentence: "Astratificationtestisnotrequiredforsmall stacksthatarelessthan4inchesin
diameter."
lf the source is considered unstratified due to the testing results or is less than 4 inches in diameter,
single point sampling from the point that mmt closely matches the mean of the stratification test (or
centroid pointforstacks less than 4 inches in diameter).
40 CFR IJJJ (Table 2-1.a.i.(1Xa) [also Table 2-]..b and 2-1.c for CO and VOC respectively) expands on
this to "Alternatively, for NOX, 02, and moisture measurement, ducts =6 inches in diameter may be
sampled at a single point located at the duct centroid and ducts >6 and =12 inches in diameter may
be sampled at 3 traverse points located at 16.7, 50.0, and 83.3% of the measurement line ('3-point
long line'). lf the duct is >12 inches in diameter and the sampling port location meets the two and
half-diameter criterion of Section 11.1..1 of Method 1 of zl0 CFR part 60, Appendix A, the duct may
be sampled at '3-point long line'; otherwise, conduct the stratification testing and select sampling
points according to Section 8.1.2 of Method 7E of 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A."
Please feel free to contact me for additional discussion or clarification.
Carl Ortmann
Work Leader, Air Program
Texas Commbsion on Environmental Quality
Region 1.3- San Antonio
14250 Judson Road, San Antonio, TX 78233
Direct(210) 403-407?
Office [phone]
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facillty
Date: December7,2023
Document EM-23-158&001 REV 0
B
MANUFACTURER INE DATA SHEET
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Technicol Doto
Cylinders
Piston
displccment
Compr€ssron rolo
8or€ & stroke
iockst wots
s!'stem copocity
Lube orl copociry
stonr€ system
v'I6
9388 cu in (r54 i-)
97i
I 375" x I 5" (U ga x ZrO)
l€ go (oou i,,
239 gor f9o4 t)
Single oir/gos sto{er
90-i50 psl
Single oir/gos storter:
5C 9C psi
Ducl cif/gos storters;
90-i5C psi
Duol orr/gos storters:
5C 90 psi
2 eiectria storters,
24V eoch
Dimnsions I xw x n inctr (1mf
r7o (4,318) x 78 (r.s8r) r rB (zs7o)
weighrs rb (kg)
34.ooo 05,422)
The Sefles Five fomily of Workesho'
VHP' engines gets nrore powerfui with
tha oclclition ol the 25OC hp P9394GSI Sb
The P93g4GSr 55 hos the some feotrres
ond b€nBfits os the lg00 hp LlO44GSl
55 ond 1500 hp !7042GS1 s5, creotlng o
fomily ol engines \ryith comnion controis,
operotion, ond service ports
Series Five rich- ourn engines comiJine
the most odvonced t6chnclogy ovoilobie
with the histcry ond expe,ierce o, the VliP
ploiform.'esLit:ng in c l5-cylinCe. enJ ne
with more polyer, better fuel flexibilty,
lower fuei consumption ond lilecycle
costs ond lonqer servrce rnteryols.
Althouqh Series t ve enqines ore copobie
of h,qher power leve s tlon preuous
v€rsions, the stresses on the compcn€rrts
hove not incr€osed This is moC-- oossible
by enhoncecl rich burn combustron
lhrough the Miller Cycls on rmprcveci
cylinder h6od design thot reduces
tBmperotu{as in key regions, ond orl
optimrz6ci piston deslgn
Ihe Milier CyCl€ moves work from the
p'ston to thc it,rbochcrger redL.tnq
combustion ond exhoust temoeiotures
ond moking Series Five eigines the Inost
fr.rel efticient VHP engines ever
The Imn'oved cyiindBr leod desigr
rBduces fey internol tempefotures by
up to 40%, lncreosiag rei!obility ond
extending the I fe cf the he.d
T\e Series Frve pistol design rros
been optimized tc reduce unbu.ned
hydroccrrbJa:, \.'hic h rTpro\,es enrissiJns
cnd fue ccnsumpti.Jn whiie lowering the
tempe'oture of tne l)rston itsef ir-ir)rov ng
f uel f leribiiity even ct s hlql]e. po\./er
roting
lmprcvements to the igrrition system
cllow fof 4.000-hcrur spork olug intervols
vJith lovr'-cost, non-prec,ous metoi piugs.
Motcning 4.000 oil chonge intervols
reouce opercting costs crnd t.rps to srte'
Ser,es F,ve €ng,nes come stondord vrith
FSM'2 VVJL,xeSiro's lclt- gene.olr3n
engine controllpr EStil2 uses o 12' luli
color customer ]nterfoce ponsl, ollowing
users to see oli engine porcrmeters, trend
deto, viow monuols, crncl wqlk through
tf oubleshooting steps, eliminoting tho
need tor o loptcp computer
Woukesho's onrPoct Ernission Control
System is tne optron of cho:ce tor
'edLcilg am ssrorrs emPoct opt m,zes
tne interccticn between tha Series
Five engrne. AFR2 oir,/f uel rotLo contro,
onC the Woukeshc suppliecl 3 wev
(rus,cp) catolyst to mointoin enrissrons
compli0nce ev6n os engine spe€d.
lcoC f uel, ond eiv,ronfientol ccndilicns
chonge
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Al iiati or.jor(1 rr.l 1o I rl arr.-l nna s!llt.!rlrt t! ti:)l)llnlc.ll deveiailitrett qnar -rllil,t,!:art,oii
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@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date December7,2023
Document EM{3-158+001 REl/ 0
APPENDIX C
FIELD DATA SHEETS AND COMMUNIGATIONS
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
@
Date: December7,2023
Document EM-23-158+001 REV 0
NOT
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
@
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-158+001 REV 0
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-158+001 RB/ 0
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@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
AAN6ER ATIIALYTICS T700 {0932 POSI.txr
V 301:15.42 0000 MACHINE_IO=O {0 to 9999) lD
V 301:15;42 fi)00 COMMAiID_PROMPT="Crrd> "
V 30t:15:42 (XmO ftSI_OrAN_ID.CHASS|S TIMP (NONE,O3 PHOIO Mf AS,O3 PIIOIO Rtr,0
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V 301:15:42 (}()0O PASS_ENABLC{FF [OFF or ON]
V 301 : 15:42 (XnO DEF_CC_OUTP[JT'"000000[400fl!"
V 3Ol :15:42 0{m PilOTO_LAMP_POWEft=45O0.0 (O.0 to 5fl)0.0) mV
V 301 :15.12 OOs [,AMp_PWft-E],lAgtl-Oil (OFF or ON)
V 301:15:42 0{m UMP_PWF_PGRIffi=21.(B (0.01 to ilm.00) Hourr
V 301:15:{2 USS [AI\IP_OF[-D[LAYI!.!Q (g,Ql to 20.00] Secon&
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@
Page 3
Emissions "l
Snapper Far
'est Report
:ility
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Date: December7,2023
Document EM-23-158+001 REV 0
Certificetc
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: Decembet7,2023
Document: EM.23-1 584.001 REV 0
APPENDIX E
GAS CYLINDER CERTIFICATES
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document. EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Custorner:
Fart trlo,:
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CERTIFIED STAN MARD-SPHC
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,202?
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
w;
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Certlfied Standa
Iohrc{rcr*doo, t{s0sfi-....-
Warning
sulfur herrafluoride !,ooo ppm t,lw**,-' l
t
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
ffi[sRfllm0l$nilrrHB
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To reortier this mixi,ure, use Part Nurnber:
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document EM-23-158+001 REV 0
APPENDIX F
ENGINE PERFORMANCE DATA
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
Test Variables
lltgrt'leb.
Rr,lc+d.d
ail 3d
0xy9o Coreded(%)o.mo 0.00 o_(m
Ca6oo tJonorlde ICO) offi 6t tft 53.5t t 47,&Xl
Nrtrogtr Oxids (NOr) ppmv -5IiEa -10.{D {.420
Methffi (CH,l). pr{rw 7a.r01 68.730 58.034
FmalBry*d€ (HCHO). @mv 4171 -0,r64 -0.r37
VOC Total (€xctud€s HCHOi -8.rrl r5 966
Total HydErboas rTHC). ppmv 26.aS rG.e34 1r526:I
'trest Date 10'26,2023
Sde xCL SmpFer Pad
Engrc HM tu;2
8Gk+Specfic Fuel Cmswplir {BSFCLHVJ. Etrtshp-hr 6-5S.lm 6.500.00l 6.5(,_{m
Fwl Flow Rate (OF) SCFH r3,xi4.662 t3,3tr 6t9 r3,3tr 652
Eftone Hmeporer Raiinq (BHP). brake nmepes 25(p
Hsseperer Ut lizati{il 2fiO 2N 2.8
Estmated Lsd {%)cl*90* 90*
Higfier Heabng Whre dFrcl (HHU. 8fuft3 1 203 173
Low Healing Valw ol Fud (LHV). BfUn3 1 095 124
R+adtr MMBiltr i8wo,$'l 16.068
F.FACIOT (O2Fd) DSCF,I,IMBfu I 469 401
Erxlacl Flow Rate (Od). SCFH lt0;Wt.T$l l 136,085 eee
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2O23
Document EM-23-158+001 REV 0
APPENDIX G
RAW DATA
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December7,2023
Document EM-23-158&001 REV 0
APPENDIX H
RESUMES OF KEY ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
(6tE-llSl,tlg
\e/ | senvrces
Coltabonatoo. kwntton. Opalmlz.fron.il
KIRK ZIKER
EMISSTO)aS I'ECH){tClAN I
fIlt r(t.{TIoN
Kelly Walsh High School - Casper, Wyoming
-General Lducation Diploma
(.IvILIAN TRAI\INGo Safeland. llaud lbols. RespiratorTraining
r PEC Trainingo Operation Monitoringo MSIIA Trainingr Lockoutllag-oulo NSC First Aidr Microsoft Oflice Suite. Job Safely Anallsis (JSA). H:S Operations Rescuer llrS Auareness. ASTM fX348-03(2010) Sruttdurd Tcst Metlutd Jitr Detcrnilnutitn ol Aavout (1tmynruls h1'
lixrrtrcrive Direcl Intarface binricr'li"unqform lt{rured (l-"1'lll) Spectroscop})o EPA Method 205: Vcrification oJ Crrs Dllutnn Systems Jin' Field Inr'tnntent (-ulihrutiont
. EPA Method 3A Delarmiruition o/'O.r1,gen arul ('arbon Dioxde (\tncentrotion-s in Llmissions
I :rom Stutnrury SourLcs (lnstntmcnlul Atwly:er l'rocvdwe 1o EPA Methd 2l l)eterminutkm ot l/olulile ()rganic ('ctmlxtund (l'O(-) l.eob; Pholoionix.tllio,,
l)elcchr (Pll)l arul l.'lante lont:dtiot l)etcctot (1.-ll))
. EmCollect* - Advanced Data Acquisltion Softrvare (DAS) for the collection of sensitive
environmental data
('f R rrFrc.4,'r'loNs/AI ratLL.{ no-\ vA( riltf,vENr[,N'I's. CPR, AED, and Basic First Aid Certitied. Forklift Loader Certified. Advanced Pollution Instnunentation & TEchnology
tixPuRtENC[.
ln his role as Emissions Tochnician l, Mr. Ziker is resporsible for conducting cmissions performanc€ testing
and mechanical integrity evaluations on rotaling equiprnenl (spark igniled reciprocating intemal cornbustion
engines - SI-RICE; mmpression ignition reciprocating intemal mmbustion engines - CI-RICE) located ar
oil and gas production sitevfacilities to ensure compliance with air quality' regulations (as defined under the
Clean Air Act) adminislercd by the Texas Conrnrission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) and the United
Slales F.nvironmenlal Protection Agenry (US EPA) (other US States Not!!'ithstanding).
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Emissions Test Repofi
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
llr. Kirk Ziker
Puge 2
Additionally, lr4r. Ziker' responsibilities encompass all aspects of environmental problem-solving tlroudr
process waluation, facility and equipment desigr, and operation. Odrer responsibilities include the
interpretation of collected data and its organizatior into technical reports and communicating field
observations and project deliverables to both corporiate and field-level maintenance/reliability and
environmental personnel.
KEY SKI I. L S .L\.D E\ PERIE}_CE
. CTesed Opoaor (Railias, Wyomiag); Operate processing equipment by regulating vales
compressors, pumps and auxiliary equipment to direct product flow. Adjust and set knobs.
switches, lwers, valves, index arms, etc, to control process variables such as vacuums, catalysts,
temperatre, and flows. lnspect and adjust dampo'controls on heaters and fumaces. Read and
follow processing schedules, operating logs, laboratory testing results to identi& and alter process
to produce specified product quantity and quality.
o Motot-Mons (Cospe4 Wyoming), Safely and efficiently performs all manual labor tasks on the
drilling floor and B.O.P. area Performs all maintenance of the equipment and physical space of
the drill floor Moniton and operates the shakers Performs housekeeping activities on the drill
floor including washing, chipping and painting- Troubleshoot equipment errors. Listen for
unusual noises that signi& equipment and machinery problems.
. U)bdiae Opcrau Paspq, Wyoming), Safely operated various pieces of equipment and/or
machinery to increase material flows in cased-hole oil & gas exploration operations adhering to
all safety regulations before, during and after the well service operation. Immediately reported all
malfunctions to my supervisor. Planned, prepared and coordinated well site operations. Trained
and superuised a crew of operators in the p,reparation of the unil and calibration of equipment
Acquired a leamers permit and drove the wireline unit and/or commercial motor vehicle, to and
from various locations. N{aintained and cleaned assigned wireline equipment and facilities safely
and eficiently. Maintained knowledge of the latest technological changes and operating
procedures pertaining to company equipmen! tools, and practices to ensure maximum operating
effrciency. Controlled the highest quality of service delivery and execution effectively during all
phases of operatioru. llandled and worked with enplosives. Promptly performed assigred
reporting and adminishative duties for field operations, accurately and on schedule. Fostered and
maintained customer relations by establishing a positive image and confrdence in the quality of
services and ensrued the confidantiality of all logging operations. Conducted pre-job safety
meetings.
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
@lF'ryfinre
TIFFANY JOLING.SIMON
DISTRICT MANAGER, NORTHWEST DTSTRICT
EDUCATION
Associare of Science Degree, Geolog.v
Casper Community College
MILITARY COURSEWORK AND TRAINING
r Yeoman'C'Schoolo Yeoman Flag Writer Schoolo ATF Training
o lradership Course
CIVILIAN TRAINING. Confined Space Entrant/Attendant(OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146). Rigging. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1000). Lockout/Tag-out (OSHA 29 CFR l9l0.la7)
. Fall Protection (OSHA 29 CFR 1926.500). Hazrnat (HM 126) (DOT49 CFR Part l7l)r llazardous Communications (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200). Personal hotective Equipment. Hearing Conservation (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.95). Emergency Responseo Process Safety Management. Welding SafeB. Defensive Driving. Hazwoper(Oper.) (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and API RP 75). Fire Protection. Medical Records. Fo*lift Safety (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.178). Respirator) Protection (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.t34)o Eleorical Safety. Back Safetyo Alcohol and Substance Abuse Awarcness. Driver Safet]. H2S Safety. Understanding Unconscious Biasr First Aid Level Ir LDAR Technician Training. ASTM D6522-OO Standard Test Method .for Determinotion of Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon
Monoide, and Orygen Concentrations irt Emissions from Naturol Gas-Fired Reciprocating
Engines, Combrstion Turbines, Boilers, and Process Heaters llsing Portoble Analyzers. ASTM D6348-03(2010) Standard Test Mathril .for Determination of Gasetrus Compounds by
Extractive Direct Interface Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
o EPA Method 205: Yerification of Gas Dilution Systems.for Field Instrument Calibrations. EPA Method 3A-Determinotion of Oxygm ond (larbon Doxide Concentrations in Emissions
From Stationary Sources (Instrumental Arufuzer Procedure). EPA Method 2l - Determination of Volatile Organic Comyturul (VOC) Izaks: Photctionization
Detector (PID)
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7 ,2023
Document: EM-23-'1584-001 REV 0
.l I s.'l'iffany J o I ilry- S inton
Poge 2
. EmCollect- - Advanced Data Acquisition Software (DAS) for the collection of sensitive
environmental data
. EmReport" - N{acroinstruction utilizing Mcrosofto Md-in feahues that compiles collected data
into a report deliverable
. Basic Plusolndustial Safety Training and Certification
(' ERTI FIC.\'tIONS/,\FI,'ILI-\'tIO\S/. \('HI UVE\IE\-I'S
. CP& AED, and Basic First Aid Certified
o National Deferue Service Medal
. Global War on Terrorism Service Medal
o Four NalTrMarine Corps AchievementMedal
. Three Good Conduct Me&l
! Navy Sharpahooter Pistol Medal
. Nary Riflernan Ribbon
. Two Navy,&4arine Corps Commendation Medal
L.\PERIE\CE
In her role as dre Diskict N{anager. Northwest District I\ils. Joling-Simon is responsible for conducting
emissions pa'formance testing and mechanical integrty evaluations on rotating equipment (spark ignited
reciprocating intemal combustion engines - SI-RICE; compression ignitior reciprocating internal
combustion engines - CI-RICE) located at oil and gas production sites/facilities to ensure compliance with
air quality regulations (as defined under the Clean Air Act) administered by the Wyoming Departrnent of
Environmental Qrality (WIDEQ) and the Unitod States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA).
Additionally, Ir{s. Joling-Simon's responsibilities encomp:lss all aspects of environmental problem+ofuing
through p,rocess waluation, facility and equipment design, and operation. Other responsibilities include the
interpretation of collected data and its mganization into technical reports, and commrmicating field
observations and project deliverables to both corporate and field-lwel maintenanc€/reliability and
environmental persormel.
KE\- SKII,LS .{ND E\PERII'NCE
. LDAR Moaintiag Tahnicien, Eacino Envitotmantal Savica,.Lrc, Monitored cornponents
within industrial facilities while calib,rating testing equipment to ensure optimum performance.
Analysed data, evaluated sihrations, and identfied problems or opportunities of improvement.
Developed fachul, logical follow-up courses of action while considering resourc€s, constraints.
and company values. Ensured persorurel safety on locations through site specific job safety
analysis. Complefed and submitfed reports to Cusl,omers for EPA Regulation Files. Implanented
minor mechanical adjustnents when necessary. Planned and coordinated equipment testing
schedules and processes for employees and Customers.
. hqsse Rdi4 Vabe Salrs Rqrcsefiative, Enciao Envbonntcntal Se'vica, /ze, Worked
Closely with the Encino Frnployees to ensure safe and proper kaining for manlift and for*lift
operations. Enswed g'aining was completed and up to darc. Coordinated between Encino and the
Customer to ensure all safefy requirements were met wi0r regards to company specific safety
standards and Federal safety regulations. Ensured four gas monitors used on location were up to
date and in calibration" Fersonally, wrote the Encino Pressure Relief Vafue Standard Operating
hocedru:es and Safety Ptotocols. Processed all paperwork and applications eirsuring Encino was
UTAH DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONfuIENTAL QUAUry
@ DIVISION OF AIR G[-IN ' '-
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 7,2023
Document: EM-23-1584-001 REV 0
.l Is. I.ffiny J olittg-Sinnn
Puge 3
VR cerfified signi$hg they had eamed a National Board Certificate of Authorization to repair
pressure relief vafues, in the shop and/or in the field. Evatuated facilities and work activities to
ensure compliance with Encino Safety Eotocols and site+pecific safety prolocols. Participated in
pre-job walk tlrough to ensrue all safety protocols were being met either by Encino Employees or
plant employees. Completed and submitred repofis to Customer for Regulation Files. Planned and
coordinated testing schedules for ernployees and Customers.
. Ficld Emi.sions Tedtnidon, Eacho Envbonmentol Se'vicds, Iac, Communicated with
personnel outside the organizatioq representing the organization to customers, the public,
govemmenl and other external sources. Tauglrt and instructed others how to conduct ernissions
testing to achiwe compliance with Federal Environmental Protection fuency and State Specific
regulations for both Encino Environmental Services and its Customers. Translated, interpreted, and
explained what information means to others and how it can be used for to ensur€ Environmental
Protection Agency regulations are being followed. Rprplied knowledge ofthe chemical compositiorg
structure, properties of subetances and industry standards, afld transfofinations to accomplish
ernissions testing. Ap,plied p,ractical use and knowledge ofdanger sigru, production techniques, and
disposal methods. Liaised with corporate, fieldlwel maintenance, and environmental
representatives to coordirute testing project schedules and logistics. Evaluatod information and usod
individual judgnent to de{ermine *{rether emissions testing complied with laws, regulations, and
standards. Completed emissions pa'formance waluations on stationary reciprocating internal
combustion engines utilizing methods sanctioned by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency
located at remote oil and gas siteVfacilitic. Documented measurements of criteria pollutants such
as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), crbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (N&) in parts per
million (ppm), and orygen (O2) in percent (per Environmental Protection Agency Method 19) from
internal combustion equipnent. Calibrated instuments prior to each testing went and recorded
calibration details and instnmrent checks. Planned and coordinated testing schedules weekly for the
Wyoming Offrce covering Wyoming, Colorado, and North Dakota. N{ade decisions basod on
personaljudgnent and considered the relative costs and benefits oftesting expense$ to choose dre
most appropriate solution for Encino and the Customer. Monitored operations and ernissions
indicatqs to ensure is working correctly. N{anaged time and persorurel schedules to
achieve customer goals while following cornpany guidelines. ftrformed day-today adminisbative
taslcs such as maintaining information files, processing papenvort, and monitoring daily work
schedules to accomplish Encino objectives and assist in Customer satisfaction.
*' li t,',i. irl"^.. r,';,: ii i' oF
E r.i1lt Fi C 11 Lil E NTAL Q UALITY
@
Dl\'/litlON OF AIR Ol !AL ITY
@l
Collaboration.
ENC!NO
ENVIRON M E NTAL
SERVICES
I n nov ati on. O pti mizatio n. rn
EnarssroNs Trsr Reponr
Regulation(s): 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ
Pollutant(s): NOx, CO, and VOCs
PROJECT: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Crusoe Energy Systeffis, lnc
Facility: Snapper Facility
DUCHESNE COUNTY UTAH
DATE: DECEMBER 6,2023
DOC N0.: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
TEST DATE: 1012712023
Emissions Source: Waukesha 9394GSl
Spark- lgnited Stationary Engine
Unlt Number: 1254
Engine Serial Number: 1453999
Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc
Contact Name: Michael Duplantis
Phone: [phone]
Encino Environmental Services, LLC
20302Park Row Dr, Suite 1200
Kaly,TexasTT449
Telephone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
www.encinoenviron.com
Copyright@ 2023
ITTAH DEPABTMENT OF
Eilvraonuer'rTAL ouALlrY
DIVISION OF AIR OUALITV
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
4
4.1
5
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Emissions Test Report
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Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
9.1
FIGURES
Figure 1 - Sampling System Schematic
Figure 2 - Engine-specific Photographs
Figure 3 - Peak Signal lntensity and Analysis (Quality Analysis)
Figure 4 - Minimum Detection Limits
Figure 5 - FuelAnalysis
I
9
Oxygen Analyzer.... .....19
FTIR Ana1y2er................ ................. 19
Gas Diluter Validation.. .................. 19
Sampling System...... .....................20
Calibration Gases .......20
FTIR DATA VALTDATTON .............. ...............21
Minimum Detection Limits (MDL) ......-...-.....-..21
Calibration Transfer Standard and System Purge ............21
Dynamic Spiking and Recovery................ .......21
Review of Test Methodologies and Spectral Data Va1idation................................22
Quality Mana9ement............... ......23
EMISSIONS CALCULATIONS......... ..............24
Emission Rates ...........24
FuelAnalysis................ ..................24
Engine Performance Data........ .....24
RAW DATA ...............25
QUALIFICATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS ............26
ASTM Method D7036-04... ............26
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Emissions Test Report
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Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
TABLES
Table 1 - Summary of Test Results
Table 2 - Emissions Source Operational Data
Table 3 - Oxygen Analyzer Calibration and Bias
Table 4 - Gas Diluter Calibration
Table 5 - Calibration Transfer Standard
Table 6 - ASTM Method D6348-03 - Annex 5 Analyte Spiking Technique
Table 7 - EPA Method 19 Fuel Factor Calculations
Table I - EPA Method 19 Emission Rate Calculations
Table 9 - EPA Method 19 Fuel Composition
APPENDICES
Appendix A - Single Point Sampling Regulatory Justification
Appendix B - Manufacturer Engine Data Sheet
Appendix C - Field Data Sheets and Communications
Appendix D - Gas Diluter Validation Certificate
Appendix E - Gas Cylinder Certificates
Appendix F - Engine Performance Data
AppendixG-RawData
Appendix H - Resumes of Key Environmental Professionals
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Emissions Test Report
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Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
ABBREVIATIONS
25LB
45LB
45RB
AETB
AMSL
ASTM
BACT
bhp
BSFCr_xv
BtU
CFR
CHr
ct
co
COz
CTS
DAS
DGB
DOM
EPA
F-Factor
FTIR
HAP(s)
HCHO
ICE
LAC
LDEQ
LELAP
LNz
M
MACT
Two Stroke Lean Burn
Four Stroke Lean Burn
Four Stroke Rich Burn
Air-Emissions Testing Body
Above Mean Sea Level
American Society of Testing and Materials
Best Available Control Technology
Brake Horsepower
Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption Based on LHV
British Thermal Units
Code of Federal Regulations
Methane
Compression lgnition
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon Dioxide
Calibration Transfer Standard
Data Acquisition System
Dynamic Gas Blending
Date of Manufacture
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Fuel Factor
Fourier-Transform lnfrared
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Formaldehyde
lnternal Combustion Engine
Louisiana Administrative Code
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality
Louisiana Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program
Liquid Nitrogen
Thousand
Maximum Achievable Control Technology
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Emissions Test Report
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Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
MCT
MDEQ
MDC
MDL
MM
Mercury Cadmium Telluride
Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality
Minimum Detectable Concentrations
Minimum Detection Limit
Million
Oz
MMBIU Million (MM) British Thermal thits
Nz Nitrogen
NDDEQ North Dakota Department of Environmental Quality
NEA Noise Equivalent Absorbance
NESHAP(S) National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
NIST National lnstitute of Standards and Technology
NMED-AQB New Mexico Environment Department - Air Quali$ Bureau
NMHC Non-Methane Hydrocarbon
NOx Nitrogen Oxides
NRSP Non-Rule Standard
NSPS New Source Performance Standards
0xygen
ODEQ Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality
PBR Permit By Rule
RACT Reasonably Achievable Control Technology
RICE Reciprocating lnternal Combuslion Engine
Sl Spark lgnited
SOz Sulfur Dioxide
spm Scan Per Minute
STP Standard Temperature and Pressure
TAC Texas Administrative Code
TCEQ Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
THC Total Hydrocarbons
TISMC The lntemational Standard Metric Conditions
VOC Volatile Organic Compound
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Emissions Test Report
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Date: December 6, 2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
KEY DEFINITIONS
Brake Horsepower (BHP)
Centroidal Area
Compression lgnition (Cl)
Concentration Adjustment
Gas Turbine
Fourier-Transform lnfrared (FTl R)
Horsepower (HP)
ldeal Gas Law
a
lnternal Combustion Engine (lCE)
Linearity
Mass-Rate
"Shaft Horsepower" - the actual horsepower of an engine, usually determined
from the force exerted on a friction brake or dynamometer connected to the
driveshaft.
The central area of the stack or duct that is no greater than one percent (1 %)
of the stack or duct cross section. The area has the same geometric shape
as the stack or ductl.
Relating to a type of stationary internal combustion engine that is not a spark
ignition engine.
Emission limits outlined in air quality programs (New Source Performance
Standards, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants) are
expressed at a given orygen concentration, which require that pollutant
concentrations measured in the stack are adjusted or corrected to the
appropriate orygen level.
Pollutant concentrations for boilers, heaters, and ovens are generally
corrected to three percent (3%) oxygen, whereas engine and turbine pollutant
concentrations are corrected to fifteen percent (1 5%) orygen.
"Combustion turbines", are used in a broad scope of applicalions including
electric power generation, cogeneration, natural gas transmission, and various
process applications. Gas turbines are available with power outputs ranging
from three hundred horsepower (300 hp) to over two-hundred and sixty-eight
thousand horsepower (268,000 hp), with an average size of forty-thousand,
two-hundred horsepower (40,200 hp)2. The primary fuels used in gas turbines
are natural gas and distillate (No. 2) fuel oil3.
An internal combustion engine that operates with rotary rather than
reciprocating motion.
A technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of
a solid, liquid, or gas.
A unit of measurement of power (the rate at which work is done).
"General Gas Equation" - equation of state of a hypothetical gas.
A heat engine in which the combustion that generates the heat takes place
inside the engine proper.
The property of a mathematical relationship or function which means that it
can be graphically represented as a straight line.
The rate of discharge of a pollutant expressed as weight per unit time.
t EPA Method 7E - Determination of Nitrogen Oxides Emissions From Stationary Sourc€s (lnstrumental Analyzer Procedure)
2 CC Shih, et ar., Emissions AssessrDent of Conventional Stationary Combustion Systems, Vol. ll: lnternal Combuslion Sources, EPA-600/7-79-O29',US
Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, February 1979.
3 Final Repofi - Gas Iurbine E nission Measwement Program, GASLTR787, General Applied Science Laboratories, Westbury NY, August 'l 974.
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Emissions Test Report
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Date:December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Minimum Detection Limit (MDL)
Programmable Logic Controller
(PLc)
Sample Probe
Spark lgnition (Sl)
Spike
Spiked Sample
Stationary Reciprocating lnternal
Combustion Engine (RICE)
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
"Method Detection Limit" - the minimum concentration of a substance that
can be measured and reported within ninety-nine percent (99%) confidence
that the analyte concentration is greater than zero (>0) and is determined from
analysis of a sample in a given matrix containing the analytea. lnterchangeable
with MDC.
An industrial digital computer which has been iuggedized and adapted for
control of processes (parametric monitoring) or other activities that requires
a high degree of reliability, ease of programming, and process fault diagnosis.
Glass, stainless steel, or other approved material of sufficient length to
traverse sample pointsl; exhaust gas interface.
Relating to either: A gasoline-fueled engine; or any othertype of engine a spark
plug (or other sparking device) and with operating characteristics significantly
similar to the theoretical "Otto" combustion cycle. Spark ignition engines
usual/y use a throttle to regulate intake air flow to control power during normal
operations. Dual-fuel engines in which a liquid fuel (typically diesel fuel) is
used for Cl and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel
at an annual average ratio of less than two parts diesel fuel to one hundred
parts total fuel (< 2 parts diesel to 1 00 parts total fuel) on an energy equivalent
basis are spark ignition engines.
A known mass (concentration) of target analyte added to a blank sample or
subsample; used to determine recovery efficiency or for other quality control
purposess.
A sample prepared by adding a known mass (concentration) of target analyte
to a specified amount of matrix sample for which an independent estimate or
target analyte concentration is available - used to determine the effect of the
matrix on a method's recovery efficiencys.
Any internal combustion engine, except combustion turbines, that converts
heat energy into mechanical work and is not mobile.
Any compound of carbon, excluding carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide
(CO2), carbonic acid (HzCOe), and metallic carbides or carbonates, and
ammonium carbonate ((NHa)zCOa) which participates in atmospheric
photochemical reactions6.
1 40 CFR Appendix B to Part 1 36
s Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program; QA Glossary of Terms. United States Environmental Protection Agency.
6 Definition pursuant to 40 CFR Part 51, S51.1 00(s) (as of October 30, 2014); Federal Registry Standards / Vol. 73, Friday, January 1 8, 2008 / Rules and
Regulations.
@ vil
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
ABBREVIATED UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
atm
BSFCr-r+v
'c
ccm
cm{
.F
GWP
HHV
hp
g Gram
g/bhp-hr Grams Per Brake Horsepower Per Hour
Standard Atmosphere
(See Abbreviations) Expressed as Btu/bhp-hr
Degrees Celsius
Cubic Centimeters Per Minute
Reciprocal Centimeter
Degrees Fahrenheit
Global Warming Potential
Higher Heating Value; Btu/scf
Horsepower
Kilopascal
Pound(s)
kPa
tb
lblhr Pounds Per Hour
lb/MMBtu Pounds Per Million British Thermal Units
LHV Lower Heating Value; Btu/scf
LPH Liters Per Hour
LPM Liters Per Minute
ppb Parts Per Billion
ppm Parts Per Million
ppm"d Parts Per Million by Volume - Dry Basis
psi Pounds PerSquare lnch
psiaus Pounds Per Square lnch - Absolute
psig Pounds Per Square Inch - Gauge
scf Standard Cubic Foot (Feet)
scfh Standard Cubic Foot (Feet) Per Hour
scfm Standard Cubic Foot (Feet) Per Minute
ton A unit of pressure used in measuring partial vacuums, equal to 133.32 Pascals
tpy Ton PerYear
vol Volume
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Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
STATEMENT OF BASIS
On 1Q/27 /2023, Encino Environmental Services, LLC, (henceforth "Encino") was commissioned by
Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc to perform an emissions compliance test on a 2500-hp Waukesha
generator stationary engine designated as unit number 1254.
The internal combustion stationary engine is located at the Snapper Facility in Duchesne County,
Utah. The geographic coordinates for the facility are 40.263580 & -1 10.120110 (approximate).
Sampling and analytical procedures employed during the performance test were pursuant to Forty
Code of Federal Regulations (henceforth "40 CFR") Part 60, Appendix A and American Society for
Testing and Materials (henceforth "ASTM") methodsT. The primary objective of the test program
was to determine actualemissions of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) from unit number 1254 and to verify compliance with the emissions
parameters of 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ.
Deviations from methods in this testing program may include single-point sampling (centroidal
area). This is a common practice with an established precedence when sampling stationary
engine exhaust due to safety concerns. Supporting documentation in the form of a Srngle Pornt
Sampling Regulatory Justification Correspondence is included in Appendix A.
Prior to the sampling program (test project), a stratification test was performed at the test site to
determine the appropriate number of sample traverse points. The sample probe was used to
measure concentrations of nitrogen oxides (N0x) at three (3) points on a line passing through the
centroidal area at sixteen and seven tenths' percent (16.70?.), fifty percent (50.00%), and eighty-
three and three tenths' percent (83.30%) of the measurement line. lf concentrations of NOx at
each traverse point did not differ from the mean concentration for alltraverse points by no more
than (a) 15.00 percent (15.00%) of the mean concentration; or (b) t0.S0 ppm,d (whichever is less
restrictive), the gas stream is deemed unstratified, and sample measurements for the test project
were extracted from a single point - from a position that closely matches the mean
concentrationse.
Typically, this method is used with two types of pollution instrumentation - single, or in tandem
to determine stratification (instrumental analyzer and/or FT-lR).
7 ASTM Methods lncorporated by Reference (lBR).
8 EPA Method 1 (or EPA Method 1A) - Sample and Velocity Traverses for Stationary Sources
e EPA Method 7E - Determination of Nitrogen Oxides Emissions from Stationary Sources (lnstrumental Analyzer Procedure; Section
8. 1.2 Determination of Stratification).
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three and three tenths' percent (83.30%) of the
Michael Duplantis of Crusoe Energy Systems,
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1585-001 RB/ 0
lf the stack effluent is observed to be then a multFpoint'rake'probe was used with
orifices located at sixteen and seven tenths'(16.70%),fifty percent (50.00%), and eighty-
linelo.
coordinated facility operations during the test
and provided supporting data such as the analysis and permit information.
No major deviations or problems occurred the emission test program.
r0 Table 2 to lo CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ - Requirernents for
s50.4244.
TesE; dernonstating compliance in accordance with
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Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
CERTIFICATION STATEMENT
I certify that to the best of my knowledge:
' Encino Environmental Services, LLC conducted the collection, analysis, and reduction of all
samp/es.;
' Ihis repoft reflects the resu/ts of the testrng conducted on 10/27/2023 and has not been
altered, enhanced, or biased in any manner.;
' Encino Environmental Services, LLC collected and reported the enclosed data in accordance
with procedures and qualtty assurance activities described in this test report;
' Encino Environmental Services, LLC makes no warranty as to the suitability of the test
methods.; and
' Encino Environmental Services, LLC assum es no liability related to the interpretation and use
of this data.
KirloZil<er
Richard Ziker
Emissions Tech !
Encino Environmental Serviceg LLG
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QUALITY ASSURANCE CERTIFICATION STATEMENT
The Air Emission Testing Bodyll (AETB) should deliver data of known and documented quality on
a consistent basis regardless of the test method used.
I cenify that to the best of my knowledge:
. Iest data and all corresponding information has been evaluated for accuracy and
completeness.;
. Sampling and analyses have been conducled in accordance with the approved protocol.; and
reference methods;and
. All deviations, method modifications, method deviations, sampling procedures, and analytical
anomalies are summarized in the report.
,6-ry% ?4,75;**
Tiffany Joling-Simon
North District Manager
Encino Environmental Services, LIC
11 ASTM Method D7036-16 - Standard Practice for Competence of Air Emission Testing Bodies; establishes general criteria for a
Quality System that, when followed, assures consistently acceptable data quality from an AETB.
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STATEMENT OF RECElPT AND ACCEPTANCE
By signing this statement, I acknowledge that I have received the emissions test repoft for the
Snapper Faciltty Unit No. 1254; an emissions pertormance test conducted on 10/27/2023. I have
been provided with the opportunity to read and comment on the data contained in:
Document Alo.: EM-23-1 585-001 RAn 0.
I hereby ceftify that I have personally examined the data and information contained herein. Based
on my inquiries of the individuals immediately responsible for collecting the data associated vvith
this project, I believe the contents of this repoft deliverable to be true, accurate, and complete to the
best of my knowledge.
Signature of Company Representative (Client)
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1 SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS
The final emissions results (detailed) of the testing event are presented in Table 1 and compare
requirements, provisions, and allowances of the applicable governing regulations and standards.
The table below provides a summary of the mass emission rates and pollutant concentrations
(adjusted) from the testing eventl2:
Emissions Summary
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of the emissions test is to meet the standards of performance for stationary spark
ignition reciprocating internal combustion engines (henceforth "Sl-RlCE") and the emissions
limitations and testing requirements for RICE (engines) with a brake horsepower rating greater
than 100-hp per 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ (2500-hp for general State Compliance obligations).
1.2 Detailed Scope of Work
Encino conducted the following scope of work for the emissions test:
. Configured sampling system;
r Validated engine data from manufacturer nameplate;
. Recorded weather data;
. Recorded fuel meter readings and operational data;
. Affixed sample probe to exhaust stack;
. Performed stratification analysis of the exhaust stack;
. Performed sampling system calibration, bias, and quality analysis;
. Conducted three (3), sixty-minute (60-min) test analyses ("runs");
. Validated spectral data and test methods;and
. Compiled emissions test data and final report.
12 Regulatory and/or permitted emissions are represented on both a mass-rate basis and in parts per million (by volume; dry) basis
adjusted to fifteen percent (1 5%) orygen (engine and turbines) and three percent (3%) orygen for boilers, heaters, ovens, and other
external combustion equipment. These representations demonstrate compliance with regulatory and/or permitted rates based on two
(2) mechanisms of data analysis and fulfill compliance objectives by representing emissions data in multiple formats as required (and
allowed) by the Program Administrator.
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1.3 Assumptions
No assumptions have been made regarding any source operational conditions/parameters which
may exist at the location.
1.4 Special Terms and Conditions
This report has been prepared in accordance with the ProposalforAir Emissions Testing Services
and generally accepted environmental methodologies referred in 40 CFR and contains all the
limitations inherent within (methodologies).
The engine located at the Snapper Facility was "tested as found"l3. This emissions test cannot
wholly eliminate uncertainty regarding the source's performance before or after the test was
performed. No other warranties, expressed or implied, are made as to the professional services
provided under the terms of our agreement and included in this report.
1.5 RegulatoryStatement
At least thirty to sixty days (30 - 60 days) prior to the Emissions Performance Test for the source
described in Document No.: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0, an Emissions Performance Test Notification
was submitted to the appropriate Agency (Administrator) in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60
Subpart JJJJ and the requirements/provisions outlined in 40 CFR 560.8 - Performance Testsla.
lf the Emissions Performance Test described in Document No.: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0 was
postponed, rescheduled, or delayed due to operational issues or inclement weather, the
appropriate Agency has been provided with a retest notification at least seven days (7 days) prior
to the new proposed test date.
Each Emissions Performance Test Notification - provided to the appropriate Agency, includes the
following (at a minimum):
r Name of Emissions Testing Laboratory (firm);
o Date of pretest meeting (if required);
. Description of instruments, analyzers, and equipment to be utilized;
. Description of methods and procedures to be utilized during sampling;
13 ln accordance with 40 CFR $60.8(c) - Performance tests shall be conducted under such conditions as the Administrator shall specify
to the plant operator based on representative performance of the affected facility. The owner or operator shall make available to the
Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of the performance tests. Operations during periods of
startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative conditions for the purpose of a performance test nor shall
emissions in excess of the level of the applicable emission limit during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction be considered
a violation of the applicable emission limit unless otherwise specified in the applicable standard.
14 40 CFR 560.8(d)
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o Procedures to determine operating rates and/or other relevant parameters during the
sampling period;
. Parameters and key data points to be documented during the sampling event (emissions
test); and
. Proposed deviations to the prescribed sampling methods.
Therefore, the Agency has been provided with the opportunity to comment on the proposed
methods, procedures, instruments, and practices which demonstrate compliance with 40 CFR
Part 60 Subpart JJJJ - prior to the testing of this source (Document No.: EM-23-1 585-001 REV 0).
lf a response was not provided to either Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc or Encino Environmental
Services, LLC, the source was tested in accordance with the both the Emissions Performance Test
Notification and testing requirements listed in 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ.
A copy and transmittal (including shipment tracking and receipt confirmation) of the Emissions
Performance Test notification submitted forthis project is located inAppendix Cof this document.
For all other inquiries pertaining to the contents of this report, contact:
Encino Environmental Services, LLC
Attn: Operational Support
20302 Park Row Dr, Suite 1200
Katy, Texas 77449
0ffice:
Electronic Mail (email): [e-mail]
281.201.3544
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2 SAMPLING SYSTEM
The sampling and analysis system and the appliance for exhaust interface utilized during the test
program is shown inFigure 1 andFigure 2 of this report. Detection principles of the analyzers can
be located throughout this report.
Hot and water-rich effluent (contextual-gaseous mixture) gas was extracted from the exit stack
(exhaust) of the muffler/catalyst/stack housing on the unit through a single point or multi-point
sample probe located on a line passing through the centroidal area meeting distance
requirements of 40 CFR Part 60, United States Environmental Protection Agency (henceforth
"EPA") Method 1 (or EPA Method 1A), and EPA Method 7E. A shepherds-hook stainless steel
probe (or multi-point sample probe; stratification test notwithstanding) three-eighths of an inch
(3/8) in diameter was connected to a heated sample line by a wrapped three-way (3-way) bias
sample valve. The gas was transported to the mobile laboratory by a heated line - maintained at
a temperature of exactly one-hundred and ninety-one degrees Celsius (191'C; approximately
376"F). A heated pump and flow meter maintained a constant flow of five liters per minute (5
LPM) of effluent gas to the MKS Multigas* 2030 FTIR analyzer.
The effluent gas sample was analyzed for target constituents, and raw data was captured within
a data acquisition system (henceforth "DAS"; 't. Upon exiting the analyzer, a portion of the sample
was directed to a peristaltic pump (sample dryer and conditioner) where water was removed. The
gas was then routed to the oxygen analyzer where the concentration was measured on a dry basis
using paramagnetic technology (percent6,y; %o,y).
2.1 lnstrumentSpecifications
Descrlptlon:
Manufacturer:
Model:
Serial Number:
Technology Type:
Range:
Reproducibility:
Accuracy (post calibration):
Response Time (90% FSD):
Description:
Manufacturer:
Oxygen Analyzer
M&C
PMA1 OOOL
21 09825-020-1 9060031
paramagnetic
o-25%
Analogue = < 1%ofspan
Digital = +/- 0.1 vol. % Oz
Analogue signal output = +/{ % of span at range 3-1 00%
Digital indicator = +/-0.1 vol. % Oz
< 3 seconds at 60 l/hr
Fourier Transform lnfrared (FTIR) Analyzer
MAX Analtytical
ls Encino Environmental Services lnc. uses EmCollect" Advanced Data Acquisition Software (proprietary) to comply with method-
appropriate sample analysis and data collection procedures.
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Date:December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Model:
Serial Number:
Technology Type:
Range:
Spectral Resolution:
Scan Speed:
Detector Type:
MAX.IR
00398
FTIR Spectrometry
Between 1 0 ppb and 1 00 ppb fullscale
0.5 - 128 cmj
1 scan/second @ 0.5 cm{
LNz - cooled MCT
2.2 Data Acquisition System (DAS)
All raw test data was captured and recorded on the DAS and collected during the Test Project -
stylized/formatted to adhere to the report criteria/standards outlined in 40 CFR 560.8 -
Pertormance Iests, in addition to the requirements prescribed by each Method (EPA and/or
ASrM).
EmCollect* is an advanced DAS that integrates sampling system instruments with individual
software platforms and merges analog output and digital systems into a single electronic
application with functionally embedded ASTM and EPA prescribed methodologies relevant to the
testing project. The DAS and integrated equipment satisfy quality control and quality assurance
objectives (henceforth "QC/QA") through automated system performance evaluation, calibration
error analysis, (dynamic) spike recovery, and bias scrutiny - which maximizes data integrity while
minimizing margin error.
ln addition to system performance criteria/standards listed above, EmCollect" includes source-
specific input data (e.9., acquired field data; fueldetails, ambient conditions, unit operation, etc.)
coupled with a library of method procedures and calculations to produce real-time mass emission
rates - which are used to compared measured results with permit and/or regulatory limits. The
data is compiled into a single EmDat electronic file and encoded with a digital transcript which
includes all data acquisition and project transactional records (data input).
$,emaeportEmCollect
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3 TEST PROCEDURES
3.1 EPA Method 1
Sample and Velocity lraverses for Stationary Sources
The purpose of EPA Method 1 is to provide guidance for the selection of sampling ports and
traverse points at which sampling for air pollutants will be performed pursuant to the regulations
set forth in the Part. Two (2) procedures are presented:
o A simplified procedure (EPA Method 1 Section 11.5); and
. An alternative procedure.
The magnitude of cyclonic flow of effluent gas in a stack or duct is the only parameter quantitatively
measured in the simplified procedure.
Method Limitations
EPA Method 1 is applicable to gas streams flowing in ducts, stacks, and flues. The method cannot
be used when the following conditions/circumstances exist:
1) The flow is cyclonic or swirling;or
2) A stack is smaller than 0.30 meters (12 inches) in diameter, or 0.071 m2 (113.000 in2) in
cross-sectional area.
ln accordance with EPA Method 1 Section 11.1.1 - Sampling and/or velocity measurements are
performed at a site located at least eight stack or duct diameters downstream and two diameters
upstream from any flow disturbance such as a bend, expansion, or contraction in the stack, or
from a visible flame. lf necessary, an alternative location may be selected, at a position at least
two stack or duct diameters downstream and a half diameter upstream from any flow disturbance.
The simplified procedure cannot be utilized when the measurement site is /ess than two (2) stack or
duct diameters downstream or less than a half (1/2) diameter upstream from a flow disturbance.l6
3.2 EPA Method 1A
Sample and Velocity lraverses for Stationary Souces with Small Stacks or Ducts
The applicability and principle of this method are identicalto EPA Method 1, except its applicability
is limited to stacks or ducts. This method is applicable to flowing gas streams in ducts, stacks,
and flues of less that approximately 0.30 meter (12 in) in diameter, or 0.071 square meters (0.071
r6 Pursuant to'Guideline for Determination of Good Engineering Practice Stack Height'(Technical Support Document for Stack Height
Regulations); United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards; Document No.: EPA-
450/+8G23R June 'l 985, Page 1 3 - Examination of the published sketches shows the cav\ to extend from the ground vettically to
about 7.5 times the height of the building; building height may vary.
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m') (113 in2) in cross-sectional area, but equal to or greater than about 0.10 meter (4 in) in
diameter (:0.10 m; 4 in), or 0.0081 m2 (12.57 in2) in cross-sectional area.
This method cannot be used when the flow is cyclonic or swirling.
3.3 EPA Method 2
Determination of Stack Gas Velocity and Volumetric Flow Rate (Type S Pitot Tube)
EPA Method 2 is applicable for the determination of the average velocity and volumetric flow rate
of a gas stream; typically utilized to obtain exhaust flow rates (post combustion) in stacks.
Method Limitations
EPA Method 2 is not applicable at measurement sites that failto meet the citeria of EPA Method 1,
section 11.1.1 (measurement site as a function of "stack diameter'distances). Additionally, the
method cannot be utilized for direct measurement in cyclonic or swirling flow conditions.
When unacceptable conditions exist, alternative procedures, subject to the approval of the
Administrator, must be employed to produce accurate flow rate determinations. Examples of
such alternative procedures are:
1) To install straightening vanes;
2) To calculate the totalvolumetric flow rate stoichiometrically;or
3) Move to another measurement site at which the flow is acceptable.
3.4 EPA Method2A
Diret Measurement of Gas Volume Through Pipes and Small Ducts
This method is applicable for the determination of gas flow rates in pipes and smal! ducts, either
in-line or at exhaust positions, within the temperature range of 0 to 50 'C (32 lo 122"F).
3.5 EPA Method 2C
Determination of Gas Velocity and Volumetrtc How Rate in Small Stacks or Ducts (Standard Piat
Tube)
This method is applicable for the determination of average velocity and volumetric flow rate of
gas streams in small stacks or ducts. Limits on the applicability of this method are identicalto those
set forth in Method Z Section 7.0, except that this method is limited to stationary source stacks or
ducts less than about 0.30 meter (12 in) in diameter, or 0.071 m2 (t t 3 in2) in cross sectional area,
but equal to or greater than about 0.10 meter (a in) (>0.10 m; 4 in) in diameter, or 0.0081 m2 (12.57
in2) in cross-sectional area.
3.6 EPA MethodzD
Measurement of Gas Volume How Rates in Small Pipes and Ducts
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EPA Method 2D is applicable for the determination of the volumetric flow rates of gas streams in
small pipes and ducts; can be applied to intermittent or variable gas flows only with caution.
All the gas flow in the pipe or duct is directed through rotameter, orifice plate, or similar device to
measure flow rate or pressure drop. The device has been previously calibrated in a manner that
ensures proper calibration for the gas being measured. Absolute temperature and pressure
measurements are made to allow correction of volumetric flow rates to standard conditions.
ln most testing programs, EPA Method 2D is used on inlet fuel piping to derive fuel flow (Qr) to
calculate the total volumetric flow rate stoichiometrically.
For Sl-RICE Engines (gas-fired turbines notwithstanding) the following appurtenances are utilized
to comply with the measurement standards outlined in EPA Method 2D:
. Fuel-flow data recorded by "stock" meters (where available);
o Determined algorithmically utilizing a programmable logic controller (PLC);or
o Differential pressure measurements across an orifice plate.
3.7 EPA Reference Method 3A
Determination of Orygen and Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in Emissions from StationarySources
Oxygen (Oz) concentrations are determined instrumentally by EPA Reference Method 3A. The
M&C Products Model PMA22 paramagnetic analyzer receives conditioned effluent gas (dry);the
analyzer registers output signals (measurements) and which are automatically recorded on the
DAS. All raw data can be viewed in Appendix G of this report.
Oxygen is a paramagnetic gas, which means that it is attracted by a magnetic field. This magnetic
susceptibility is much greater than that of most other gas molecules and is idealfor determining
the level of oxygen in contextual gas mixtures propagated through combustion.
The paramagnetic sensor is a cylindrical-shaped container with a small glass "dumbbell" located
inside. The dumbbell is filled with an inert gas and hangs on a suspended platinum wire within a
non-uniform magnetic field. When a sample gas containing oxygen is processed through the
sensor, the oxygen molecules are attracted to the stronger of the two (2) magnetic fields. This
causes a displacement of the dumbbell which results in a rotational effect. When a gas flows
through the paramagnetic oxygen sensor, oxygen molecules are attracted to the stronger areas
of the magnetic field, causing the dumbbell to rotate.
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ln the M&C Products PMA22,an opposing current is applied to restore the dumbbellto its normal
position. The current required to maintain the dumbbell in its normal state is directly proportional
to the partial pressure of oxygen and is represented electronically in percenl (yo)17.
3.8 EPA Reference Method 7E (by pro)ry)
NOx lnstrumental (Referance Procedure for EPA Reference Method 3A and Data Coll*tion)
EPA Reference Method 3A, Analysis of Oxygen Content in the Effluent Gas Sample, references
EPA Reference Method TEfor general requirements to properly collect and format data. 40 CFR
Part 60 EPA Method 7E, describes how to determine appropriate sample points, conduct initial
system measurements, interference analyses, sample collection, post-run system bias and drift
assessment, calibration and standardization, QC/QA procedures, and system performance
evaluations.
ln accordance with EPA Method 7E Section 16.1 - Dynamic Spike Procedure, a dynamic spiking
procedure was used to validate test data (for all target constituents) in place of the interference
analyses and pre- and post- run system bias analyses,'where applicablelB.
3.9 EPA Method 19
Determination of Sulfur Dioxide Removal Efficiency and Particulate Malter, Sulfur Dioxide, and
IVitrogen Oxide Emission Rates
EPA Method 19 is utilized to determine pollutant emission rates from the exhaust of the engine
unit. The oxygen concentration and F-factor (ratio of combustion gas volumes to heat inputs)
which is represented in units of dry standard cubic feet per million British Thermal Units
(DSCF/MMBTU) are used to determine exhaust flow rates. The client furnished Encino with an
application-specific (source) fuel-gas analysis, which was used to determine fuel caloric value.
Adjusted oxygen measurements were used with gross fuel caloric value to determine the oxygen
supported Fuel-factor on a dry basis.
Molecular constituency from the most recent fuel-gas sample was applied to the formulae
outlined in EPA Method 19; the output of these calculations is located in Iable 7 - Fuel Factor
Calculations,Table 8 - Eml'ssion Rate Calculations, and Table 9 - EPA Method 19 Fuel Composition
of this document.
17 Partial Pressure: notional pressure of the constituent gas if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same
temperature; measurement of thermodynamic activity of the gas's molecules . Charles Henrickson (2005). Chemistry.
18 Where applicable;the Dynamic Spike Procedure will be utilized in accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03 unless conditions arise
where a more stringent Dynamic Spike Procedure is necessary.
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3.10 EPA Method 205
Verification of Gas Dilution Systems for Field lnstrument Calibrations
A gas dilution system produces known low-level calibration gases from high-level calibration
gases, with a degree of confidence equal to that for EPA Protocol 1 gasesle. lt may be used for
compliance tests in lieu of multiple calibration gases when the gas dilution system is
demonstrated to meet the requirements of the prescribed method. EPA Method 205 verification
was completed in the field when the dilution concentrations were mixed and introduced to the
FTIR analyzer three (3) times to determine instrument response.
3.11 ASTM Method D6348-03
Standard lest Method for Determination of Gaseous Compounds by Extactive Dirqt lnlnrtace
Fourier Transform lnfrard Ff n Spectroscopy
Fourier transform infrared (henceforth "FT|R") spectroscopy is a measurement technique for
collecting infrared spectra and in this program was utilized to gather data for oxides of nitrogen
(NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)20. lt works on the principle
that most gases absorb infrared light. The quantity of infrared light absorbed is proportionalto
the gas concentration of the constituents. The captured infrared spectrum represents a
"fingerprint" of the sample with absorption peaks which correspond to the frequencies of
movement between the bonds of each compound's atoms. Since each compound represents a
unique combination of atoms, no two (2) compounds produce identical absorption
characteristics. Therefore, infrared spectroscopy can identify each compound by comparing the
individual absorbency patterns to an established spectra library of known compounds.
Additionally, the size of the peaks in the spectrum is a direct indication of the amount of the target
constituent (compound or element) present.
The MKS Multigas* 2030 FTIR is configured with a fixed, effective optical path length of five and
eleven hundredths'meters (5.11 m) (approximately 16.8 ft) and employs a helium-neon laser.
ln accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03, system response evaluations (system performance
"pre-analyses") were conducted prior to the test project. The instrument was configured to
analyze the sample at sixteen scans per minute (16 spm) to determine response time of the
optical cell to reach ninety-five percent (957") of the known calibration value (ppm,d). ln the MKS
Multigas" - the optical cell is exactly one liter (1 L);therefore, the response time can be properly
1e EPA Traceability Protocol for Assay and Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards; to provide analytical and statistical
procedures that may be used to establish NIST-traceability for gaseous calibration standards.
20 ln accordance with ztO CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ; S60.a2a5(d) - ASTM Method D6348-03 (incorporated by reference - see 40 CFR
60.1 7) to measure VOC require reporting of all QA/QC data (Annexes 1-7). Table 4 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63 - Requirements for
Performance Tests.
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determined at a flow rate of (between) five and seven and a half liters per minute (5.00 LPM -
7.50 LPM; optics cell volume).
All FTIR data was collected at a spatial frequency between fiv*tenths and one reciprocal
centimeter (0.5 - 1.0 cm{) resolution. Each spectrum was derived from the average of sixty (60)
scans. Data was collected continuously for each test, with a new data point generated every sixty
(60) seconds.
3.12 Discussion
ln accordance with 40 CFR $60.8(c)21 - Performance tests shall be conducted under such
conditions as the Administrator shall specify to the plant operator based on representative
performance of fie affected facility. The owner or operator shall make available to the
Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of the performance
tests. Operations during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute
representative conditions for the purpose of a performance test nor shall emissions in excess of
the level of the applicable emission limit during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction be
considered a violation of the applicable emission limit unless otherwise specified in the applicable
standard.
The two (2) methods which apply to measurements relating to fuel flow (EPA Method 24 and EPA
Method 2D) require calibration and verification of the metering device. Both methods discuss
introducing representative gases at known flow rates to demonstrate compliance with the
tolerances listed in each procedure (under "representative" conditions). This may be
accomplished one of two ways:
o ln-situ: A dedicated fuel flow metering device is isolated from the primary fuel system and
gases of known constituency and flowrates are introduced inline of the piping circuitry; or
o Ex-situ: An independent flowmeter (test meter) is calibrated and verified while challenged
with known gases and flowrates - to be installed at some point in the primary fuel system.
ln either case, the SI-RICE source will be required to power down to a) perform calibration and
verification of the dedicated meter through isolation or b) to install the independent meter - once
verified. By utilizing any one of these methods, the source is potentially at risk of non-compliance;
pursuant to 40 CFR $60.8(c):
"Operations during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative
conditions for the purpose of a performance test...'
21 40 CFR 560.8 - Performance tests.
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Startup and shutdown procedures for certain types of SI-RICE sources may include equilibrating
high-pressure systems (e.9., natural gas compression systems) to atmosphere. Typically, these
practices are limited to the allowances and thresholds outlined in the Air-Quality Authorization
(i.e., Air Permit) which governs the operation and performance of the SI-RICE source. ln this case,
the SI-RICE source must be "prepared" for shutdown to calibrate the inline flow meter or install the
independent meter. As such, any emissions from source preparation may exceed short-term
emission limits (of the Air Permit) and cause secondary pollutant impacts - particularly
greenhouse gases (henceforth "GHG) as natural gas (fuel gas) contains (predominantly)
methane (henceforth "CHa") possessing a global warming potential (henceforth "GWP") of at least
27 times that of COz.
After the SI-RICE (in gas compression service) is started, the engine must cycle for up to six (6)
hours -depending upon transmission gas availability since gas is generally rerouted prior to shut
down. Additionally, engine tuning (post startup) may be required to adjust for fuel pressure,
ambient conditions, and other operational variables. Therefore, in some cases, satisfying the
conditions and requirements of each method (EPA Method 2A or EPA Method 2D) create
scenarios which are not representative of routine operating conditions.
ln accordance with 40 CFR S60.8(d), the Administrator has been provided at least thirty days (30-
days) prior notice of this performance testing regimen. Unless otherwise indicated, instructed,
and/or advised, the testing body utilized the protocol outlined in the corresponding notification
See Section 1.5.
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4 OPERATION DESCRIPTION
The Waukesha 9394GSl spark-ignited internal combustion stationary engine is fueled with natural
gas and is used in either gas-transmission service by driving a generator unit; stationary engine-
driven generator is used to increase pressure and continue the flow of natural gas to pipeline
pressure in order to supply the natural gas demand/distribution downstream or for electrical utility
generation to power a local microgrid. A copy of the stationary engine-specific manufacturer data
is included in Appendix B of this report.
Descriptions of the utility and application of the Waukesha 9394GSl spark-ignited is located in
Table 2 and Appendix C.
4.1 Operational Data
Operational data of the spark-ignited stationary engine was recorded during each sample run.
This data included the load (percent; %) at which the stationary engine ran during the test and
various factors that help determine and ensure mechanical integrity of the stationary engine -
such as oil pressure, manifold pressure, and revolutions per minute of the mechanical compressor
unit (voltage and amperage where applicable). A copy of the field data sheets is included in
Appendix C of this report. Emissions source operational data is located inTable 2 of this report.
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5 SAMPLING SYSTEM CALIBRATION DATA
Pursuant to the QC/QA requirements outlined in each method and incorporated in this test
program, quality assurance activities were undertaken prior, during, and after each emissions
performance project. The following sections detail the QC/QA techniques and practices which
were rigorously followed during the testing program.
5.1 Oxygen Analyzer
The response of the oxygen analyzer was evaluated and adjusted in the field prior to the collection
of data via multipoint calibration. Oxygen analyzer calibration data - including error analysis and
bias corrections is located in lable 3 of this report.
5.2 FTIR Analyzer
Linearity of the FTIR instrument was analyzed by first adjusting the zero (0) and span responses
to zero nitrogen (O-Nz), and then to an upscale calibration gas in the range of expected
concentrations (of each target analyte)22.
ln accordance with ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010) Annex 6 (A6.1), the noise equivalent
absorbance (henceforth "NEA") was determined by flowing nitrogen (zero air) through the gas
sample cell while collecting a "background" spectrum (in succession). Line position was
determined by flowing nitrogen through the gas sample cell and acquiring a spectrum which, in-
turn, was used to determine the wavelength that corresponds to the maximum peak absorbance
(line position) of water vapor in the region of 1,918 cm{, or from 3,045 to 3,050 cm{ (or another
suitable spectral region that remains consistent)23. Additionally, the system resolution was
recorded and verified by flowing nitrogen through the gas sample cell and allowing equilibration
at sub-atmospheric pressure (approximately one hundred torr (100 torr)). An absorbance
spectrum was collected with a resolution at the one-half (1/2) width and the one-half (1/2)
maximum height of the water vapor lines in the region of 1,918 cm{ (or, from 3,045 to 3,050 cm{
or another suitable region that remains constant).
The instrument was then challenged with other calibration gases of known concentrations to
determine instrument response. A copy of instrument data displaying peak signal intensity and
analysis is represented by Figure 3.
5.3 Gas Diluter Validation
The dilution system was calibrated in accordance with EPA Method 205 to generate calibration
gases (analytes) where measured concentration values (ppm,d) are within two percenl (!2"/") of
22 ASTM Method D6348-03 (201 0), Annex 4 (A4.5) - Required Pretest Procedures.
23 ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010), Annex 6 (A6.2) - Line Position.
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the of the predicted values. The predicted values were calculated based on the certified
concentrations of the supply gases and gas flow rates ("dilution factors") through the gas dilution
system (measured by rotametet2o). A copy of the field gas dilution system calibration report is
located inTable 4.
Pursuant to EPA Method 205, the gas dilution system has been calibrated, on a prescribed interval
using NIST-traceable primary flow standards with an uncertainty less than or equalto twenty-five
hundredth percent (s 0.25"r.). A copy of the factory gas dilution system validation certificate is
included in Appendix D of this report.
5.4 Sampling System
After each sample run, the analyzers were evaluated for zero (0) and span drift. The criterion for
acceptance verification; the instrument drift is no more than three percent (t37o) of the full-scale
response.
Absence of leaks in the sampling system was verified by a sampling system bias and performance
evaluation. The sampling system's integrity was tested by comparing the response of the
analyzers to the calibration gases which were introduced via two (2) paths:
1) Directly into the analyzer; and
2) Through the entire sample system, introduced at the probe.
Differences in instrument response by these two (2) methods is attributed to sampling system
bias. The criterion for acceptance is within five percent (t5%) of known values.
5.5 Calibration Gases
Gas mixtures were used that contained known concentrations of each target analyte as well as
other gases necessary to adhere to the ASTM Method D6348-03 sampling procedure. These
gases were produced and certified in accordance with "EPA Traceability Protocol for Assay and
Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards", September 1997, as amended August 25,1999,
EPA -600/R-971121or more recent updates. Copies of gas cylinder certificates are included in
AppendixE.
21 A rotameter is a device that measures the volumetric flow rate of gas in a closed tube. R.C. Baker. Flow Measurement Handbook:
lndustrial Designs, Operating Principles, Performance, and Applications. (2016) 790 pages.
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6 FTIR DATA VALIDATION
ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010) includes stringent compliance requirements and QC/QA
practices for Encino's Emissions Technicians and Operational Support Project Managers to follow
while collecting and analyzing test data.
6.1 Minimum Detection Limits (MDL)
Pretest requirements include establishing "best case" readings for a known contaminant and
comparing it to actual field conditions2s. Best case minimum detectable concentrations
(henceforth "MDC" or "MDL"; interchangeable)26 are based on system noise - excluding
interferences like water and methane vapor. lnstrument response for target constituents is
detailed in Figure 4 of this report.
6.2 Calibration Transfer Standard and System Purge
A calibration transfer standard (henceforth "CTS") was analyzed prior to, and after testing. The
concentrations determined for all calibration standards were within five percent (t5%) of the
certified value of each standard (certified concentration)27. Ethylene passed through the entire
system to validate response and ensure that it was leak-free from the sample interface location
(probe) to the FTIR instrument2s. A copy of the CTS report is included in lable 5. Nitrogen was
also purged through the sample system to ensure that it remained free from contaminants.
6.3 Dynamic Spiking and Recovery
Analyte dynamic spiking is performed prior to each test project to determine the system's ability
to quantitatively deliver measurements from the base of the sample interface location (probe) to
the FTIR, and to confirm the ability of the FTIR to quantify each analyte spike in the presence of
effluent gas.
The spiking gases contained a low concentration of sulfur hexafluoride (SFe) which was used in
the spiked sample to calculate the dilution factor (DF) of the spike; and thus, used to calculate the
2s ASTM Method D6348-03 (2010); Annex A2 - Determination of FTIR Measurement System Minimum Detectable Concentrations
(MDC/MDL) and Overall Concentration Uncertainty.
26 Minimum Detection Limit (or level) is the minimum concentration that can be measured with 99% confidence that the value is above
zero.
27 ASTM Method D6348{3; Section 1 1.3.4 Pre-Test Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)- Flow the calibration transfer standard gas
through the FTIR gas cell, Analyze the CTS gas and verify the results are within 5 % of the certified value.
28 ASTM Method D6348{3 (201 0) Annex A4; A4.5 - Conduct a system mechanical response time test by directing the CTS gas through
the entire sampling system including the primary particulate matter filter cartridge. The mechanical response time is the time required
for the gas to equilibrate fully within the sampling system. lt is a function of the length of the sample transport line, the gas cell volume
(1 L), and the flowrate through the FTIR sample cell (5.00 LPM - 7.5 LPM). Reference Section 3.0.
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concentration of the spike gases. The DF for all analyte spikes was less than one-to+en (1 :10).
All spike recoveries were within the ASTM Method 06348-03 Annex 5 allowance of thirty percent
(1307") as listed inTable 6 of this report2e.
ln instances where EPA Method 7E applies, the sprke recoveries are validated within one hundred -
plus or minus ten percent (1007o, !10%). Pre- and post- sprke procedures will be documented if the
Reference Method (EPA Method 7E) was utilized.
6.4 Review of Test Methodologies and Spectral Data Validation
To verify compliance with ASTM Method D6348-03 Standard Test Method for Determination of
Gaseous Compounds by Extractive Direct lntertace Fourier Transform (FTIR) Spectroscopy the
following data validation steps were completed30,3l:
1. The Test Plan was reviewed to ensure that the recommended testing conditions were used
to collect the data (e.g., verified thej correct testing intervals, requisite observations, and
samples) and that the temperature and pressure requirements were met.
2. The spectral data was reviewed to ensure that a background spectrum (instrument zero)
was obtained at the beginning of the testing program32.
3. Field calibration data for each target analyte as well as the CTS were reviewed for the
instrument to ensure that the results obtained from each measurement were within five
percent (t5%) of certified values.
4. Pretest and post-test data were evaluated to ensure that the CTS gases were used to
perform the instrument stability evaluations and that the results were within five percent
(t5%) of the certified values.
5. Dynamic spiking data were reviewed to ensure that each spiked compound was recovered
within thirty percent (t30%) of each certified value.
6. An inspection of water absorbency at a spatial absorbance of one-thousand, nine-hundred,
and eighteen reciprocal centimeters (1,918 cm{) was conducted to evaluate line position
and line width (as a measure of resolution) of selected spectra.
2e ASTM Method D6348-03; Annex 5 - Analyte Spiking Technique.
30 The review of test methodologies and acquired data (spectral and other) is performed by a degreed environmental professional
(Environmental Scientist, Environmental Chemist or Engineer) with a minimum of seven (7) years relevant experience and versed in
ASTM and EPA sampling protocol.
31 ASTM Method D6348-03; Annex 8 - Post Test Quality AssuranceifControl Procedures.
32ASTM Method 06348-03 (2010); AnnexA6 - Determination of Slstem Performance Parameters - Noise EquivalentAbsorbance
(NEA), Line Position, and Detector Linearity.
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7. The sample spectrum was reviewed for each sample run; manual scaling was compared
to the calculated FTIR results.
6.5 Quality Management
The primary objective of this testing program is to provide the Regulated Entity and/or Regulatory
Agency with unaltered and unbiased environmental measurements and data collected, managed,
and distributed in a manner consistent with laboratory, requisite methodologies, and regulatory
policies/procedures.
Additionally, Encino maintains and strictly follows a three-phase (3-phase) Quality Management
Plan/Process33 (henceforth "QMP") which details facilities, laboratory practices, methods,
personnel, and equipment necessary for meeting QC/QA objectives.
The policies and practices of QC/QA outlined in this report are set forth as minimum requirements.
Any additional measures required by a testing project are documented in Appendix C.
33 QualiU Management Plan (QMP); QMP-1$0048-001 REV 1.
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7 EMISSIONS CALCULATIONS
7.1 Emission Rates
Oxygen (Oz) concentrations (expressed in units of percent; %) and appropriate F-factors were used
to calculate pollutant emission rates from pollutant concentrations. EPA Method 19, Formula 19-
1, was used to derive the post-combustion exhaust flow rates - expressed in units of standard
cubic feet per hour (henceforth "SCFH") from diluent measurements (% Oz), fuel-gas analysis (site
specific), and the heat input values ("R"; MMBTU/hr) obtained from the gas-spec lower and higher
heating values ("LHV" and "HHV"). EPA Method 19 fuel factor derivation and pollutant emission
rate calculations are included in Table 7 and T*le 8 of this report (respectively).
7.2 FuelAnalysis
Michael Duplantis, EHS with Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc, supplied a site-specific fuel-gas analysis
which was used to develop the EPA Method 19 Fuel Composition for method-approved emission
rate calculations. A copy of the customer-supplied analysis is included in Figure 5 of this report.
The EPA Method 19 Fuel Composition can is located inTable 9.
7.3 Engine Performance Data
Technical data regarding the performance and overall operation of the engine was supplied by the
manufacturer (AppendixB). A copy of the engine-specific data sheet is included in Appendix F.
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8 RAW DATA
Raw data was captured and recorded on the EmCollect* DAS and includes al! calibration activities,
sample system integrity evaluations, validations, and data collected during each sample run. A
copy of the DAS report is included in Appandix Gu.
3a As defined by The Air Quality System (AQS; EPA); Raw Data represents data that has been successfully loaded (with automated
relational checks performed/passed) and is ready for review. Data is only visible to members of the screening group responsible for
the monitor and will not be included in any reports except for those specifically designed to view pre-production data.
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9 QUALIFICATIONSOFENVIRONMENTALPROFESSIONALS
Please refer to Appendix H for resumes of key personnel who have contributed to the completion
of this project.
9.1 ASTM Method D7036-04
S"tandard Pnctice for Competence of Air Emission Testing Bodies
This practice specifies the general requirements for competence to carry out sampling and
analysis for air emissions tests of stationary sources. lt covers testing and calibration performed
using standard methods, non-standard methods and methods developed by the Air Emissions
Testing Body ("AETB";ss.
Encino Environmental Services, LLC demonstrates conformance to ASTM Method D7036-04 in
accordance with the following:
1. The AETB follows a QMP that addresses each of the requirements listed in Method ASTM
D7036-04.
2. The AETB maintains an organization which includes the following professionals:
. Technical Manager;
. Quality Manager; and
. Qualifiedlndividual.
3. Emissions Performance Test Plans are required for all projects (including non-regulatory
applications).
4. The AETB performs internal audits at least once annually.
5. Laboratory management certifies program objectives and conformance with ASTM
Method D7036-04.
To inquire about ASTM Method D7036-04 conformance and practices, contact Operational
Support from the options listed in Section 1.5 of this document.
35 ASTM Method D703G06 - Standard Practice for Competence of Air Emission Testing Bodies.
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Dater December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1585-001 RB/ 0
FIGURES
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Figure 3: Peak Signal Intensity and Analysis (Quality Analysis)
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Date: December 6,2O23
Document EM-23-1585"001 REV 0
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Document: EM-23-1 585-001 REV 0
Figure 5: FuelAnalysis
Sample Gas Anallrcls
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TABLES
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Emissions Test Report
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Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Table 2: Emissions Source Data
Test Run
Start Time 09:50 10:54 12:00
End Time 10:50 11:54 13:00
Logging lnterval (minutes)60 60 60 60
Ambient CordiUons
Dry Bulb / Ambient Temperature ("F)21 39 43 34
Wet Bulb Temperature ("F)N/A N/A N/A 0
Average Humidity (%)47 39 31 39
Barometric Pressure (inches Hg)30.20 30.16 30.14 30.167
Elevation (AMSL;ft)7,167
Emlsslons Sourcs
Manufacturer Waukesha
Model 9394GSt
SerialNumber 1453999
Unit Number 1254
Manufacture/Rebuild Date (DOM)N/A
Source Category Stationary Engine
FuelType (e.9., natural gas, diesel, DGB):NaturalGas
fmisslons Source Operational Data
Fuel flow rate; EPA Method 2C or 2D Determined By BSFC(LHV)
Fuelflow rate (SCFH)9,018.06 9,018.06 9,018.06 9,018.06
BSFCruv (BTU/BHP/hr)4,500.00 4,500.00 4,500.00 4,500.00
Rich Burn / Lean Burn (excess air)Rich Burn
Calculated Load (%)90.070 90.0% 90.0% 90.07"
Current Power (HPutur"o)2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00 2,2s0.00
Manufacturer Max Rated Power (BHP)2500
Manufacturer Max Rated Speed (RPM)1200
Emission Control Equipment Catalyst
Engine Type Spark-lgnited
Engine Hours (hrs)24246
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Emissions Test Report
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Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Bias Corrections
Table 3-4
Example Calculation of Post-Orygeoconected (% O) For 7't fest Run
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Avefage
1t 2nd 3d
Post Oxygen (%Oz)
Measured -1.477 -1.426 -1.401 -1.43
Corrected 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00
-1.477 - -0.02
I oroo l%
Average effluent gas concentration adjusted for bias, expressed in units of parts per
million by volume, dry basis (ppmd) or percent (%); "Corrected" value listed in lable
3-4.
Average unadjusted gas concentration indicated by the analyzer instrument
expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppm,d) or percent (7o);
"Measured' value listed in Table 3-4.
Average of initial and final system calibration bias analysis response for low-level
calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppm,d)
or percent (%) located inTable 3-2.
Average of initial and final system calibration bias analysis response for upscale
calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by volume, dry basis (ppm,d)
or percent (%) located inTahle 3-2.
Concentration of upscale calibration gas, expressed in units of parts per million by
volume, dry basis (ppm,d) or percent (7d located inTable 3-2.
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Table 4: Gas Diluter Validation
lnstrument: Teledyne Advanced Pollution lnstrumentation; Model T700
Type: Dynamic Dilution Calibrator
Serlal Number: N/A
Date Time: Oc127,2023 07:11
Validation Gas: Orygen Concentration:
Dlluted Gas:Orygen Concentratlon:
Target Concentratlon:
Diluted Gas: Oxygen Concentration:
Target Concentlation:
13.03%
Average: 12.96%
Deviation: -0.56%
100.00%
12.OO'l/"
Average: 12.96%
Deviation: -0.56%
100.00%
6.00%
AnlyslsRur Obssved
1
2
3
6.01 Vo
5.96V"
5.96 %
Average: 5.98 %
Deviation: -0.88%
EPA Melltod 205: Vedfiedon of Gas Dilution Srptems for Field lnstvmefi Callbnlbns,' A gas dilution system produces known low-
level calibration gases from highlevel calibration gases wrth a degree of confidence similar to that for EPA Protocol 1 gases. lt may
be used for compliance tests rn liat of muftiple calibration gases whar the gas dilution systern is verified to meet the rcquirements of
the Method.
Otrygen Analyzq: Oxygen concentations were deteffnined instrumentally by EPA Reference Method 3A. All raw data can be viewed in
Appendix G. Orygen calibration procedures and results can be found in Table 3 and within the repoft naffative. An M&C Products
Model PMA 22 paramagnetic analyzer was used for veification of the gas dilution system.
Analyslc Run Obssved
1
2
3
12.95y.
12.95V"
12.97 %
Ana[pls Run Obqowed
1
2
3
12.957"
12.95%
12.97 %
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Prc-TestDfu€ft
Table 5: Calibration Transfer Standard
Oct27,2023 07:14
Ethylene (CzHn)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CaHe)
Acetaldehyde (CzHrO)
136
7,000
7,200
2,500
100
136.808
7,227.822
7,545.770
2,439.818
0.000
0
0
0
150
TsgEi Cono3ntation
(psn)
Ethylene (CzHa)ao
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (N0)
Propane (CsHe)
Acetaldehyde (CzHaO)
137
7,000
7,200
2,500
100
0
0
0
20
Pre-Iest System Oct27,2023 07:14
Post-Iest Direct Oct27,202313:25
38 System response is defined as the time required for the system to reach 95% (as observed by the instrument) of the certified value
of each analyte (cylinder or target concentration).
3e Start and stop data is acquired from MG2000 data (LAB files).
40 Target ethylene concentration for pre-test system performance evaluation is based on pre-test system 'direct" concentration reading;
ASTM Method D6348-03 (201 0) 1 1 .4.1 Analyze the CTS gas and verify that the pathlength results agree to within 5 % of the certified
value of the CTS. Record the measurement results.
TagetCarcenMon
(ppm)
Ethylene (CzHn)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CsHa)
Acetaldehyde (CzHnO)
130
6,s00
6,800
3,000
100
't27.330
6,271.996
6,527.317
2,914.411
0.000
-2.05%
-3.51%
-4.01%
-2.85%
0
0
80
30
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6, 2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Table 6: ASTM Method D6348-03 - Annex 5 Analyte Spiking Technique
P*TEImnD&'!
Sample File Begin: I 862
Sample File Final: | 926
ctlrdrroeirb€
Amlyt ConBlEatiil
(ppm)o
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Niiric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CrHe)
Acelaldehyde (C2HaO)
Ethylene (CzHr)
Sulfur Hexafluoride anryr (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluoride Errym" (SFo)
Sulf ur Hexafl uoride Acaurouae (SFo)
501.80
501.30
502.30
N/A
N/A
5.02
N/A
N/A
Oct 27, 2023 09:07
ln ac@rdan@ with ASTM Method D6348-03 Section 11.3.5 (Annex 5), aod SOP MTHD-ASTMO6348-03401
Altachment+ (Analyte Spiking Technique), percent rccovery prccedwes and calculatons wete pedomed
for all applicable compounds (taryet const tuents).
Sg{..Cdrca.don {prm}
cmpound LAB 1 LAB 2 I-AB 3 AEr!ga
Carbon Dioxide (COr)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CrHo)
Acelaldehyde (CzHrO)
Ethylene (CzHr)&
Water Vapor (Hro)
Sulfur Hexafluoride emyr (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluoride 16"* (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluoride a€urocue (SFo)
1.605
536.646
545.939
526.617
N/A
N/A
18.203
0.527
N/A
N/A
'1.679
529.636
5{4.855
512.582
N/A
N/A
18.027
0.51 5
N/A
N/A
1,750
522.410
533.139
506.036
N/A
N/A
I8.945
0.510
N/A
N/A
'1.678
529.564
541.311
5r5.078
N/A
N/A
18.391
0.517
N/A
N/A
R@vary foI each anaMe
must b6 between 70oh - 130oh
(r 30%)
tsntk.d ctuaEild @pn\ - s.uk concd.rdtd Qm)) x [r - Ditutj!!yg:4*)Pncd R.covq^rutYt. =
-_----Z;A@
s.mpte F ow R.te (LPA6:An t te Sphe FlN R.te (LPM):
a1 Timeslamp infomation obtained frcm MG2OOO LAB files.
a2 Gases wer prduced and ettified in a*odance with 'EPA Tnceability Prlocot fot Assay and Cenification of Gaseous Cs,rbration Statdards', Septm bet 1997, as amended Augusl
25,1999, EPA400/R-97/121 ot more recent updates.
a' Con@ol/ations represert ten percent (7 O%) of actual botile con@ntntim as pq ASTM D634843 - Annex 5 (Anelyte Spiking Technique); and Anachment F of Encino SOP MTHD-
45TMO634843401.
e Per ASTM D6348{3, a spike recovery analysis is not required for elhylene (CTS). However, an ethylene spike m8y be performed and used to salisfy the spike recovery
requirements for VOC (in lieu of propane - C3).
1s Pet ASTM D634849 stack ssmple must invotve at least fiften (15) indeFndent samples; equivalent to five (5) @ll volumes. The volume of the cell in the MKS 2030" FT-IR is one
(1) lilec thercfore, at a sample nte of five (5) lite6 per minute (LPM), the @ll is filled fire (5) trimes at sixteen (76) scans.
0.5
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nirric Oxide (NO)
Propane (C:He)
Ethylene (CzHr)
Acetaldehyde (C2HaO)
gp[ro Avragor
compound conc$oedm (ppfli)
Csrbon Dioxide (CO,
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitric Oxide (NO)
Propane (CrHe)
Acetaldehyde (CrH.0)
Ethylene (C2Hr)
Waier Vapor (HrO)
Sulfur Hexafluoride rn6rr6 (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluoride Eovcm (SFd
Sulf ur Hexafl uoride aa"u*ya. (SFo)
95.259
1 1 8.543
36.433
D[ldcRdoE
CmpouDd Pamnt !E(*)
Carbon Dioxide (C02)
Water Vapor (H2O)
Sulfur Hexafluoride m"re (SFo)
Sulfur Hexafluoride Eqr* (SF6)
Sulfur Hexafl uoride Aor"r"m" (SFr)
70.96%
-1M.95%
10.30%
N/A
N/A
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Table 7: EPA Method 19 Fuel Factor Calculations
Nomenclature
OzFa oz F-factor, DSCF/million BTU
K Conversion factor (1,000,000 BTU)
Kn 3.64 SCF of exhausVlb of hydrogen burned/Hydrogen (percent; %)
Kc 1.53 SCF of exhaust/lb of carbon burned/Carbon (perceng %)
lG 0.57 SCF of exhaust/lb of sulfur burned/Sulphur (percent; 7d
KH 0.14 SCF of exhaust/lb of nitrogen burned/Nitrogen (percent; %)
Ko 0.46 SCF of exhaust/lb of orygen burned/Oxygen (percent; %)
GCV Gross caloric value of fuel analysis, BTU/lb
lnput
Percent of Total Mass (from fuel analysis)46:
Hydrogen 7o 21.79 H
Carbon % 76.77 C
Sulphur % 0.00 S
Nitrogen % 0.19 N
Oxygen % 1.25 O
(lG x ttl + (lG x c) + (lG X S) + (Kr x N) - (xo x 0) x K
OzFa
GCV
196,240,585.81
OzFa
21,179.76
OzFa 8,466.032 DSCF/MMBTU
aG EPA Method 1 9; Section 12.3.2.1, Equation 19-1 3.
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Table 8: Method 19 Emission Rate Calculations
Fuel
HHV (BTU/SCF)1,308.979
LHV (BTU/SCF)1,122.747
F-factor (DSCF/MMBTU)8,466.032
Measured Gonentra$ons
02 (vol 7o) cor""t"a 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00
C0 (ppm,d)79.041 70.031 60.387 69.82
NOx (ppmd)4.196 6.221 3.353 4.59
V0Crorar (ppmud)12.829 13.597 12.998 13.14
Operatlng Conditlons
Engine Horsepowerutirizea (H P)2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00 2,250.00
Fuel Flow Rate Qr (SCFH)9,018.06 9,018.06 9,018.06 9,018.06
BSFCr-w (BTU/BHP-hr)4,500.00 4,500.00 4,500.00 4,500.00
Fuel BTU Consumption (MMBTU/hr)11.80 11.80 11.80 11.80
Exhaust Flow Rate - Qo (SCFH)99,936.85 99,936.85 99,936.85 99,936.85
Exhaust Flow Rate (SCFM)1,665.61 1,665.61 1,665.61 1,665.61
Engine Hours (hrs)24246
Converter Pressure Drop (in H2O)N/A
Duty (kw-hr)N/A N/A N/A N/A
Calculated Emisslons
co
(rb/h0 0.574 0.509 0.438 0.s07
6on/Vr)2.514 2.227 1.921 2.221
(s/BHP-h0 0.116 0.103 0.088 0.102
(ppm"d at 15% 0z)22.313 19.770 17.047 19.710
lb/MMBtu 0.057 0.050 0.043 0.050
NOx
(b/h0 0.050 0.074 0.040 0.055
(ton/yr)0.219 0.325 0.175 o.240
(s/BHP-hr)0.010 0.015 0.008 0.011
(PPmd at 157o Oz)1.184 1.756 0.946 1.296
lb/MMBtu 0.005 0.007 0.004 0.005
VOCns
(lb/hr)0.147 0.155 0.149 0.150
(ton/Vr)o.642 0.681 0.651 0.658
(g/BHP-hr)0.030 0.031 0.030 0.030
(ppmd at 15% oz)3.622 3.838 3.669 3.710
lb/MMBtu 0.014 0.015 0.015 0.015
@
Emissions Test Repoft
Snapper Facllity
Date: Decernber 6,2023
Document EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
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CHr 16.(X00
NOx 46.0056
Propanqrcc 4.0972
HCflO 30.0261
SOz 64.0660
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date December 6 2023
Document EM-23-1585"001 REV 0
APPENDICES
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-158$001 RB/ 0
A
SINGLE POINT SAMPLING IATORY JUSTIFICATION
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Fom:
To:
$tr.cc
DrQ.:
r.d-ft@!!
&elberi{cE
EPA 7E Siulc hht snplhg
Fridav, Dentq 21, 2018 ,1:P:24 PM
Joe,
As we discussed there is some confusion about Single point sampling and when it is allowed. So as
we discussed during our recent phone call:
ln summary there are provisions for single point sampling for instrumental sampling of pollutanb;
however, it must be justified by either having a small stack or by proving no stratification exist using
astratiflcationtest. lwouldnotethatthestratificationtestshouldbeconductedpriortoeach
testing event at each individual source, even if that particu lar source or others of same make, model,
and manufactu re year have previously proven u nstratified du ring prior source testing. The rational
we discussed from the method is below.
According to EPA Method 7-E, Section 8.1.2:
3rd sentence "lf testing for multiple pollutanb or diluents at the same site, a stratification test usint
only one pollutant or diluent satisfies this requirement." So any pollutant or diluent measured can
be used to conduct a stratification test. And the stratification test is conducted according to Method
1.
Alternatively, a stratification test may be conducted (5th sentence) "...at three points on a line
passing through the centroidal area"... as stated in the following sentences.
4thsentence: "Astratificationtestisnotrequiredforsmall stacksthatarelessthan4inchesin
diameter."
tf the source is considered unstratified due to the testing results or is less than 4 inches in diameter,
single point sampling from the point that most closely matches the mean of the stratification test (or
centroid point for stacks less than 4 inches in diameter).
40 CFR JJJJ (Table 2-1.a.i.(1Xa) [also Table 2-1.b and 2-l.c for CO and VOC respectively) expands on
this to "Alternatively,forNOX, 02, and moisture measurement, ducts =6 inches in diametermay be
sampled at a single point located at the duct centroid and ducts >5 and =12 inches in d iameter may
be sampled at 3 traverse points located at 16.7, 50.0, and 83.3% of the measurement line ('3-point
long line'). lf the duct is >12 inches in diameter and the sampling port location meets the two and
half-diameter criterion of Section 11.1.1 of Method 1 of 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, the duct may
be sampled at'3-point long line'; othenvise, conduct the stratification testint and select sampling
points according to Section 8.1.2 of Method 7E of 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A."
Please feel free to contact me for additional discussion or clarification.
Carl Ortmann
Work Leader, Air Program
Texas Commbsion on Environmental Quality
Region 1.3- San Antonio
14250 Judson Road, San Antonio, TX 78233
Direct (210) 4$-4A72
ffiice [phone]
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-158m01 RB/ 0
B
MANUFACTURER INE DATA SHEET
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Technicol Doto
Cylinders Y15
Piston , 9388 cu ln (154 :)
displccFent
Cmpressionrotic i97l
l
8016 & stroke i 9.375" x 8.5- (23S x 216)
Jocletwotq . ta8 gc,. (SOO i)
s):!em gqpociry
r-ube orl copocry i 239 go (904 t)
i :'rngle oir,/cros stcrter
i 90-)50 psi
Single oir/gos storter
i 50-90 psi
- Ducr c''./o.ls ltJrle'ssrsnrng sYsrem 9o-l50 pJ,
Dual orr/gJS stcrtef sl
i 50 90 psi
2 eiectric storters,
24V eoch
Dimensionsl x:v x hirch {mm)
r70 (4,318) x 7e (r,98l) x n3 (2870)
weighrs rb (k9)
34.ooo (r5,422)
Tlre Series Five fcrryrily of Woukesho'
VHP' engines gets more powertul with
the ocldition of the 2f:00 hp P9394GS| SE
The P93g4GSr 55 hos the some feotirres
ond benelits os the 1900 hp l7044GSl
sE and 1500 ip r7042GSr s5, creotlng o
fomilV o, engines with conrnnon controis.
operotion, (rnd serulce pcrts
:ieries Five rich- ourn engirles combinc
the mcst odvoncecl teahncicgy ovsrlobre
with the history ond expeiience o, the VliP
fll(rlform resirit;ng in c i$-.-ylinCer enE 1e
wth more potver. ilettor tuel f lexibility,
iower fue coasrrmptron onci l,tecycle
costs, ond lonqer service rnte.vols
Aithouqh Series Frve engir'es ore copobie
of q,ghe' Doder,eve s lron prev,ous
verslons. the stresses on the compcnerrts
hove nct increosed This s modo possiblo
kli- enhcnc6o rich burn comoustron
through the Miller Cycle, on imprcved
cylinier heoci design thot redLCes
tenrperotures in key regions, onci crn
optrmrzeo piston desrgn
The Miller Cycle nrovos vr'ork f rom the
o,ston to the tr-rimchorqer reducing
combustion onci exhoust temperotures
ond mok;ng Series Five engines the most
tuel efficient VHP engines ever
lne iml)roved cyrinci6r aeoo cl6srgr
:educes key internol ternperotules by
uD to 40"4. Increoslog reiiobilit)j ond
extenorng the life 0f the heod.
r'te Seiles Eive pistol desion hcs
be6n optimized to raduce unbu.ned
hydrocfl rbol!, uJh:ch raprores e^rissiuns
onC fuei consumption wl'rile lowei ng the
temperoture cf the piston itseif inlDrot',ng
fuel fleribilitT' even ot o higher pcwer
roting
lmp.cvemants lo thp iqnitlon systanl
ollow for 4.000-hour spoik illug intervols
v"ith lov/-cost, non-p'ec c,us aetoi p.ugs
flotching 4,000 oii chonce intervols
reoucg operoting costs orld tr;ps to s te
Seri€s Five eng,nes ;ome stondorc vJitn
f5u'i YvSr,rp:ao s lert- 30ne'oIrJn
enginB conti)llpr €Sl,i2 Lrses o 12" frrli
color customer nt6rfoca ponsl, oliowing
usars to see oli engine pcrromete.s. trencj
doto, Yiew monucrls, ond w(r k throrgh
lroubleshocting steps, eliminotlng the
need for o loptcp compirter
\{oukesho's emPoct En rission Coot'crl
System is tre optron of choice fcr
re(r-c ng em ssioirs ennoct opt mrzes
tne intercction between the series
flye enorne. AFR: oir/fuel rot o contror.
onC the V,/oukesho suiJfJiied 3 wsv
(NSL:R) cotolyst to mointoin eilisslons
complionce oven os engine speed,
lood, fuel ond eiv ronmentdl ccnoiticas
ahonge.
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Performonce Doto
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@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facili$
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-158$001 RB/ 0
APPENDIX C
FIELD DATA SHEETS AND COMMUNICATIONS
I)EC 1 1 2023
*.J* oF AIR ouALlTY
@
Emissions Test
Snapper Facility
Report Date: December 6 2023
Document EM-23-158mfi REV 0
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Datq: December 6,2023
Document EM.23-1585-001 REV 0
APPENDIX D
GAS DILUTER VALIDATION CERTIFICATE
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
@
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-158S001 REV 0
TELCDYIEr[stautlExrsArtsalt lDftg!, )..&0i arlrrtron
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@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
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[e-mail]
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@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
fiAHGER ANALYTICS T700 10932 p0sf.txt
V 301:15.{2 0000 MACHINE_Io-{ {0 to 9999) lD
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V 301:15{2 0000 PA[H-[NGIH=a1.960 (0.010 to 9'!].908] cm
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V 301:15:,tl 0000 SERHI_HUMBEa-"932 "
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@
Page 3
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-158ffi01 RB/ 0
{F1n"1'*1'*1i',,dr.nc.a r.,hli!r hrlrcr.atrlin
i Iabatia tra)aohlhr Corlrrt
CAL GAS I
D.e:?4(1-15
til{dd T?m
Sltd l{robrr 931
OpGil!.r Bsfrri
MFC CT Certificetc
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itod.l DC.ZM
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@
Emissions Test Repoft
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2O23
Document: EM.23-158il01 REV 0
APPENDIX E
GAS CYLINDER CERTIFICATES
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Documenr: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
CERTIFI ED STAN ilARD-SPEC
Custorner:
Part No,:
HOX:
tt:sI$$FLUoRDE:I'TOPANE:
TIITRCGEN:
ffi,l vorume:
li;i:ri:illji:''
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illllllillilllll
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_ xosNt$sc15A9Dt{5
ll ffil it I llilililt i illil ilt ilililflilr
Mole %
5014 PPM
5.020 PPM
5O1B PI}M
501 3 PPt il
5023 FPM
Balance
145.0 cF
163-40251S5s2-1
cc64237
Aug 16, ?0?s
[,lT-1SASG660
(CAS;2551{?'{}
(CAS:630"0841
(CAS: 10f 02'{3'e}
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,Ys
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
it'
,"i,ffi,, ,,
,{
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Certified Standard
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105S ppnr
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Srrrnrr neranUOnJe
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MAy E]$r.oD E rF HEATED. MAy DrsPta(E oxtrsr dru
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-- ?r"t
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@:
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1 585-001 REV 0
[?[BB$I[SIII. ffifiil[mn
turitlflcy
+I- 0.$1f
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Do not use crylir.der belcw 100 psig. -FnA
certifrcatron rru,-formed in accordance with "!I"
lraceabiiity i:otocofftry =Or2)"
using assay
pTocedures tisted-
Ilf:lour, this mixture, use Part Nurnber:
ED2Nl87E1sA0t)gfl
Emptyt'vtateriat: MT-l sAsGsgo"+ twth lrurugt iat Lstrp RLisd Tooets UT g40?4
It.08 0,,.[
BflIflNGE
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
@
Date: December 4 2023
Document EM-23-158ffi01 RB/ 0
DATA
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
Test Variables
lw*rn X&&C{iltcfd
3rd
oxylen cmeded(%)c.@ atu 0-m
Calbo.! Mmrde (CO). gqnv 7t.oal m.lB'l @.387
Hitrog€o Oxi&s (NOx) p0mv aa6 az*33i:t
rreflane (CH,l). 9prw S-iEa 4.@.4.tot
Ffrmaldehy* (HC+IOI pomv -o2a -o.170 {r-t02
vOC Tdd (Excldes HCHO)iiN(ri.i*dSdi',rs,r2.908
Total Hy&oabqE (IHC) ppmv 9a aot 87.r&8a.67t
Tesl Date firz7ao21
S[e:XCL SmDoer Fad
EIBiE Htrs 212$
Eraklsrecifc Fud Cmswpti$ (8SFCLHV,. Etr'BlFhr 4sql@ 4.sm.(m {Fd}.m
Fwl Fbw REle (Of ), S:CFH 9.0r&@ 9.018.r'@ 9,0r8.t 6!
E Uine Hors€0srs Rat ng (BHP). brak8 hwlds 25(D
HmepoH Uflizatbf,z,Ut zxtL 2.n
EsEmted LEd {%)crr 90r ct*
Hrghs Heilhg \Arre o, Fwl (HHV). BTU,{13 r,308 079
Ltrs Heatirg lralG o{ Fud (LHV). STU/fr3 1 122717
R-Fadq. MMBts/tr rf$llfyf:llt"itl 11.801
F+actr (O2FO. 0SCF,I MBtr 8.466 032
Exha6t Fld RAe (Od), SCFH I$$NWsfl$N.,\\ ee.e36.8{6
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facilifl
@
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Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document EM-23-158H)01 REV 0
APPENDIX H
RESUMES OF KEY ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONALS
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
@lFil;-Lue
CotLbonaloa. tnrDy.tbn. Optlmlz.tun.n
KIRK ZlKtlR
T,N{ISSIONSTECHN IC]IAN I
EDI.I(]ATIO.\*
Kelly Walsh High School - Casper, Wvo0ing
-General Iiucation Diploma
CIvILI,.TN TRAINI\Go Safeland. Ilard Toolso Respirator Trainingo PEC Training. Operation Monitoringe MSHA Training. l,ockoutr"Iag-outr NSC First Aide Microsoft Office Suite. Job SafeU Analysis (JSA). H:S Operations Rescuee H2S Awarenessr ASTM D6348-03(2010) Sturulurd Tav Merfuxl Jor f)eternrinution t\l'(iateous (bmpoutuls hy
lix ff uct i ve l.) i re cl l nt erfo ce lirur i e r -l' r an sfor m I nfr a red ( b7' l R) Spect rtts co plt
r EPA Method 205: Veri/ic<ttkm oJ Gus Difutitm Systems Jir Fiell hrstruntenl (.lulihrutions
r EPA Method 3A Determiruttion of Ox\gen arul ('arhon L)ioxide ('oncentration$ in llmissions
I.'rom Stutiarwry Sources (lnstntmental Ataly:er I'rocedure.l. EPA Method 2l l)elerminotion oJ Volailc ()rganic (-.omgnrul (l'O(-) Leaks; Photoirtnizalktn
l)etecnr (l'll)1 arul l.'lame loni=ation l)e!@tor (Fll))
. ErnCollect* - Advanced Data Acquisition Softrvare (DAS) for the collection of sensitive
cnvirunmenlal data
CE RTI} ICATIOIiS/AI'FILI-ATIO.\ S/..l,CIIlf,,VE,ML,N'I'So CPR, AED, and Basic Firsl Aid Certiliedr Forklift Loader Certifiedo Advanced Pollution Instrumentarion & Technnlogy
}:XP}]RIE,NCE
[n his role as Emissions fechnician I, Mr. Ziker is responsible for conducting cmissiom pe.rformance testing
and mechanical integrity evaluations ou rotating eqripment (spark ignited reciprocating intemal combustion
engines - SI-RICE; compression ignition recipcrceting intemal mmbustion engines - CI-RICE) located al
oil and gas production sitevfacilities to cnsure corpliance with air quality regulations (as defined under the
Clean Air Act) administered by the Texas Cornmission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) and the United
States Environnrenlal Protection Agency (US EPA) (other US States Notwithstanding).
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
llr. Kitk Zi*er
Puge 2
Additionally, Ir{r. Ziker' responsibilities eflcompalrs all aspects of environmental paoblern-solving throudt
process waluation, facility and equipment design, and operation. Other responsibilities include the
interpretation of collected data and its organization into technical reports and communicating field
observations and project deliverables to both corporate and field-level maintenance/reliability and
environmenlal persormel,
KEY SKILLS .{\D E\PERTE\C'E
. CTeded Opertor (Ro,adilz,s, W/yomiag); Operate processing equipment by regulating vales
compressors, pumps and auxiliary equipment to direct product flow. Adjust and set knobs,
switches, lwers, valves, index arms, ete. to control process variables such as vacuums, catalysts,
temperature, and flows. Inspect and adjust damper controls on heaters and fumaces. Read and
follow processing schedules, operating logs, laboratory testing results to identi$ and alter p,rocess
to produce specified product quantity and quality.
o Motu-Mcrs (Cospe\ Wyomhg), Safely and e,ffrciently performs all manual labor tasks on the
drilling floor and B.O.P. area Performs all maintenance of the equipment and physical space of
the drill floor Moniton and operates the shat<ers Perfo,rms housekeeping activities on the drill
floor including washing, chipping and painting. Troubleshoot equipment erron. Listen for
unusual noises that signifo equipmant and machinery problerns.
. Wadinc Opauu (Carya, Wyonhg), Safely operated various pieces of equipment andror
machinery to increase material flows in cased-hole oil & gas exploration operations adhering to
all safety regulations before, during and after the well service operation. Immediately reported all
mal-firnctions to my supervisor. Planned, p,repared, and coordinated well site operations. Trained
and supervised a crew of operators in the preparation of the unit and calibration of equipment
Acquired a learners permit and drove the wireline unit and/or eommercial motor vehicle, to and
fiom various locatiorx. l\,laintained and cleaned assigned wireline equipment and facilities safely
and effrcieirtly. Maintained knowledge of the latest technological changes and operating
procedures pertaining to company equipment, tools, and practices to ensure maximum operating
efficiency. Controlled the highest quality ofservice delivery and execution effectively during all
phases of operations. Flandled and worked with explosives. Promptly performed assigned
reporting and adminisbative duties for field operations, accurately and on schedule. Fostered and
maintained customer relations by establishing a positive image and confidence in the quality of
services and ensured the confidentiality of all logging operations. Conductod pre-job safay
meetings.
@
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
@lF-ry.6:,Ne
TIFFANY JOLING-SIMON
DISTRICT MANAGER, NORTHWEST DISTRICT
EDUCATION
Associate of Science Degree, Geolog-v
Casper Community College
MILITARY COTlRSEWORK AND TRAINING
. Yeoman'C'School. Yeoman Flag Writer Schoolo ATF Training. kadership Course
CIVILIAN TRAININC
r Confined Space Entrant / Attendant (OSIIA 29 CFR I 9 I 0. I 46)
. Rigging. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) (OSHA 29 CFR 1910. I000)
. Lockout/Tag-out (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.147)
o Fall Protection (OSHA 29 CFR 1926.500). Haznat (HM 126) (DOT 49 CFR Part l7l)
. Hazardous Communications (OStlA 29 CFR 1910.1200)
. Personal Protective Equipment. Hearing Conservation (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.95)
. Emergency Response. Process Safety Management. Welding Safet)o Defensive Driving. Hazwoper(Oper.) (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and API RP 75)
. Fire Protection. Medical Records. Forklift Safety (OSIIA 29 CFR 1910.178)
. Respirator) Protection (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134)
o Electrical Safetye Back Safety. Alcohol and Substance Abuse Awareness. Driver Safe0. H2S Safety. Understanding Unconscious Bias. First Aid kl'el I
. LDAR Technician Training. ASTM D6522-00 Standard Tesr Mehod .for Determination of Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon
Monoride, and Oxygen Concentatiolrt in Emissions .from Natttral Gas-Fired Reciprocating
Engines, Combustion Turbines, Boilers, ond Process Heaters llsing Portable Analyzers
. ASTM D6348-03(20101 Standord Test Method for Determinotion of Gaseous Compounds by
Fttroctive Direct Interface Fourier Trarcform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
. EPA Method 205: Verification of Gas f)lution Syslems.for Field Instrument Calibrations
. EPA Method 3A-Determinotion of Otygen and Carbon Doride Concentrations in Emissions
From Sationory Sources (Instrumental Analyzer Procedure)
. EPA Method 2l - Determinotion of Volatile Orgonic Compound (VOC) baks; Photoionizotion
Detector @ID)
Emissions Test Report
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-001 REV 0
.lls. T'ffiny J olittg-Simon
Page 2
. EmCollect- - Advanced Data Acquisition Software (DAS) for the collection of sensitive
environrnental data
. EmReport- - Macroinstruction utilizing Mcrosofto Add-in feahres that compiles collected data
into a report deliverable
. Basic Plusolndushial Safety Training and Cedification
(.ER'I IF'I('.\TIONS/,\FFILI.\1'IONS/.{CtIII]\'E}IIi)i]'S
. CP& AED, and Basic First Aid Certified
. National Defense Service Medal
. Global War on Terrorism Servic€ Medal
. Four Naw,t4arine Corps AchievementMedal
. ThreeGoodConductMedal
. Navy Sharpshooter Pistol Medal
o Navy Riflernan Ribbon
o Two Naly,ArIarine Corps Commendation Medal
E-\PERIENCE
In her role as the District N{anager, Northwest District I\,!s. Joling-sirnon is responsible for conducting
emissions performance testing and mechanical integrty eraluations on rotating equipment (sparlc ignited
rociprocating internal combustion engines - SI-RICE; compression igritior reciprocating internal
combustion engines - CI-RICE) located at oil and gas production sites/facilities to ensure compliance with
air quality regulations (as de,fmed under the Clean Air Acf) administered by the Wyoming Deparhnent of
Environmental Qulity (WYDEQ) and the United States Environmental Protection Agancy (US EPA).
Additionally, N&. Joling-Simon's responsibilities encompass all aspects of environmental problem*ofuing
through process waluation, facility and equipment design, and operation. Other responsibilities include the
interpretation of collected data and its organization hto technical reports, and commrmicating field
observations and project deliverables to both corporafe and field-lwel maintenance/reliability and
environmental pelsormel.
KEY SKII,LS -{\'D E\PERIENCE
o LDAR Monitori4 Technicioa, Enc*to Envbotmantal Sovica, Izc, Monitored components
within industrial facilities while calibrating testing equipment l,o ensure optimum performance.
Analysed data, waluated situations, and identfied problerns or opportrmities of improvement.
Developed facfual, logical follow-up courses of action while considering resourc€s, constraints,
and company values. Ensured personnel safety on locations through site specific job safety
analysis. Complefed and submitted r€ports to Customers for EPA Regulation Files. Implemented
minor mechanical adjustnents when necessary. Planned and coordinated equipment testing
schedules and processes for employees and Customers.
o hasroe Rdief Valve Sala Repesentdiw, Enciao hvboamcalal Sqvicq, Ize, Worked
Closely witr the Encino Employees to ensure safe and proper haining for manlift and forklift
operations. Ensurd haining was comple{ed and up !o date. Coordinated between Encino and the
Customer to ensue all safety requirernenb were me{ with regards to company specific safety
standards and Federal safety regulations. Ensured four gas moniton used on location were up to
date and in calibration. Fersonally, wrol,e the Encino Ptessure Relief Valve Standard Operating
Procedures and Safety Protocols. Processed all papenvork and applications ensuring Encino was
UTAH DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL OUAUry
@ DIVISION OF /1!rl C:: "
Emissions Test Repoft
Snapper Facility
Date: December 6,2023
Document: EM-23-1585-00'l REV 0
.l I s. T' i/fan y J o I itt g- S inon
Puge 3
\rR certified signifuing they had eamed a National Board Certificate of Authorization to repair
pressure relief valves, in the shop and/or in the fretd. Evaluated facilities and work activities to
ensure compliance with Encino Safefy Protocols and site+pecific safety protocols. Participated in
pre-job walk ttnough to orsure all safay protocols were being met either by Encino Employees or
plant employees. Completed and submitted repofis to Customer for Regulation Files. Planned and
coordinated testing schedules for employees and Customers.
. Ficld Emi.sions Teclnician, Encko Envboamefial Scrvica, /zc, Communicated with
personnel outside the o'rganization, representing the organization to custom€rs, the public,
govemment, and other external sources. Taught and instructed others how to conduct emissions
testing to achiwe compliance with Federal Environmental Protection Agency and State Specific
regulations fm both Encino Environmental Services and its Customers. Translated, interp,reted, and
explained what information meailr to otlrers and how it can be used for to ensure Environmental
hotection Ageney regulations are being followed. Applied knowledge ofthe chemical composition,
struch:re, propedies of substances and industry standards, and transformations to accomplish
emissions testing. Applied practical use and knowledge ofdanger signs, production techniques, and
dbposal mefhods. Liaised with corporate, fieldJevel maintenance, and environmental
re.presenlrtives to coordinate testing project schedules and logistics. Evaluated information and used
individual judgnrent to determine whether ernissions testing complied with laws, regulations, and
standards. Completed ernissions performance evaluations on stationary reciprocating irtterral
combustion engines utilizing methods sanctioned by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency
located at rsmot€ oil and gas sites/facilities. Documented measurernents of criteria pollutants such
as volatile organic compormds (VOCS), carbon monoxide (CO), nihogen oxides (NOx) in parts Pet'
million (ppm), and orygen (O2) in percent (por Environmental Protection Agency Method 19) from
intemal combustion equipment. Calibrabd irstuments prior to each testing went and recorded
calibration daails and inshument checls. Planned and coordinated testing schedules weekly for the
Wyoming Ofiice covering Wyoming, Colorado, and North Dakota. N{ade decisions based on
personaljudgnrent and considered the rdative costs and bendrts oftesting exp€nses to choose the
most ap,propriate solution for Encino rnd the Cutom€r. Monitored oper'ations and ernissions
indicators to ensure machinery is working correctly. Managed time and persormel schedules to
achieve customer goals while followhg company guidelines. Ferformed &y-to{ay adminishative
tasks such as maintaining information files, processing paperwork, and monitoring daily wo*
schedules to accomplish Encino objoctivos and assist in Customer satisfaction.
@
Test Started: 08:06 AM Test Completed: 11:58 AM
#As
40 CFR Part 60 Subpart JJJJ
Performance Test Report
Test Type: lnitial
Test Date: 11113f2023
Source:
Waukesha 9394 GSI
Rich Burn (4 Cycle)
Unit Number: 1362
Serial Number:1650569
Engine Hours:3818
Locatlon:
Duchesne Data Center Power Station
Duchesne County, Utah
Prepared on Behalf of:
Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc.
UTAH DEPARTITJIENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL QUAUTY
DEC 1 1 ?C)23
DIVISION OF AIR QUALTTY
303 W. 3rd St (580) 22s-0403 Elk City , OK73644
,l
lndex
1.0 Key Personnel.... ............. 3
2.0 Sampling System..... ....... 3
3.0 Methods Used............ ......................... 3
4.0 Test Summaries.. ............ 5
5.0 Run Summaries.. ............ 6
6.0 Volumetric Flow Rate Data.... ............. 7
7.0 Calculations.............. ...... 8
8.0 Orygen Calibration... ...... I
9.0 Engine Parameter Data Sheet.. .......... 10
10.0 QA/QC Results........ ........ 11
11.0 D6348 Annexes...... ........ 12
12.0 Signature Page........ ....... 18
13.0 Appendices.............. ....... 19
14.0 Bottle Certs........... .......... 20
15.0 Tri Probe Certification via GD-031 ...... 25
16.0 GAS ALT 141_FT|R EPA........ ............ 26
17.0 Tester Qualifications (resume)... ......... 28
18.0 Raw Data.............
TJi",
.......... 2s
Table 5.1 (Run Summaries)............. ........... 6
Table 6.1 (Volumetric Flow Rate Data)........... ................ 7
Table 6.2 (Stack Gas Measurements)......... ....................7
Table 8.1 (Oxygen Calibration).. ................. I
Annex Table 1.2.1 (Certified Calibration Bottle Concentrations)......... 12
Annex Table 1.2.2 (Measurement System Capabilities)..................... 12
Annex Table 1.3.1 (Test Specific Target Analytes)............................. 13
Annex Table 4.1 (Measure System Capabilities) ............ 15
Figures
Figure 6.1 (Location of Traverse Points per Method 1)....................... 7
Annex Figure 1.4.1 (Sampling Train)..... ..... 13
Annex Figure 1.4.2 (Sampling Points)... ...... 14
Annex Figure 1.4.3 (Sampling Port Locations).... ............ 14
Appendices
Certified Calibration Bottle Certificates........... .................20
Tri Probe Certification via GD-031.. ............ 25
GAS ALT 141_FT|R EPA............. ............... 27
Tester Qualifications (resume)... ................. 28
Raw Data 29
3
1.0 Key Personnel
GAS, lnc.
Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc.
Lucas Ennis
Kody Walters
2.0 Sampling System
The sampling system used consisted of a Stainless steel probe, heated Teflon line, gas conditioning
system, and a Gasmet model DX4000 FTIR analyzer. The gas conditioning system used was a Gasmet
Personal Sampling System with a Zirconium Oxide oxygen sensor.
3.0 Methods Used
ASTM D6348.03
This extractive FTIR based field test method is used to quantity gas phase concentrations of multiple targel
analytes (CO, NOX, CH2O, & VOC's) from stationary source etfluent. Because an FTIR analyzer is
potentially capable of analyzing hundreds of compounds, this test method is not analyte or source specific.
The analytes, detection levels, and data quality objectives are expected to change for any particular testing
situation. lt is the responsibility of the tester to define the target analytes, the associated detection limits for
those analytes in the particular source effluent, and the required data quality objectives for each specific
test program. Provisions are included in this test method that require the tester to determine critical
sampling system and instrument operational parameters, and for the conduct of QA/QC procedures.
Testers following this test method will generate data that will allow an independent observer to verify the
valid collection, identification, and quantification of the subject target analytes.
EPAMethodl&1A
The purpose of the method is to provide guidance for the selection of sampling ports and traverse points at
which sampling for air pollutants will be performed pursuant to regulations set forth in this part.
EPA Method2 &2C
This method is applicable for the determination of the average velocity and the volumetric flow rate of a gas
stream. The average gas velocity in a stack is determined from the gas density and from measurement of
the average velocity head with a standard pitot tube. Velocity readings are taken from each stack at 16
separate traverse points (Table 6.1) and used to determine the engines mass emissions rate, calculated
utilizing the formulas seen in section 7.0 ol this report.
EPA Method 3A
This is a procedure for measuring oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in stationary source emissions
using a continuous instrumental analyzer. Quality assurance and quality control requirements are included
to assure that the tester collects data of known quality. Documentation to these specific requirements for
equipment, supplies, sample collection and analysis, calculations, and data analysis will be included.
Gas, lnc.
4.0 Test Summary
Unit 1362 with a serial number of 1650569 which is a Waukesha 9394 GSI engine located at Duchesne
Data Center Power Station and operated by Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc. was tested for emissions ot
Carbon Monoxide, Oxides of Nitrogen, and Volatile Organic Compounds. The test was conducted on
1111312023 by Lucas Ennis with Great Plains Analytical Services, lnc. All quality assurance and quality
control tests were within acceptable tolerances.
The engine is a natural gas fired Rich Burn (4 Cycle) engine rated at 2500 brake horse power (BHP) at
1200 RPM. The engine was operating at 2283 BHP and 1199 RPM which is 91.33% of maximum engine
load during the test. The test HP calculation can be found on page 8. The engine was running at the
maximum load available at the test site.
Site Verificataon Photos
Gas, lnc.
4.0 Test Su 5
Location Duchesne Data Center Power Station Unit lD 1362
Make Waukesha Site Elevation tt.5833
Model 9394 GSr AImOSDnenC F'reSSUre OSt.tz
Serial Number 1650569 StacK urameler rn.20
mfo. rated hp 2500 Catalyst YES
mfq. rated rpm 1200 Date of Manufacture
Test Horseoower 2275 2300 2275 22E3
aL
TeSt RPM 1 199 1 198 199 199
Percent Loado/o 91.00%92.OQo/o 91.00%91 .33%
lntake Manifold Pressure 105.63 106.44 107.87 106.65
lntake Manilold Temperature 17.30 119.50 125.10 120.63
Ambient Temperature Dry 25.00 35.00 ]4.UU 34.61
Q Stack (dscfh)189070.97 185723.75 '179S70.58 184921.77
Q Stack (dscm/hr)5353.84 5259.06 5096.15 5236.35
Moisture Fraction Bws 0.17 0.17 o.17 0.17
Method 3A Corrected O2o/"Dw O.Mo/"O.Bo/"0.38%O.42o/"
Moisture %16.52/"16.60% 16.51%16.54/"
Gas, lnc.
6
5.0 Run Summaries
Table 5.1 Run Summaries
15.11"/o
16.61%
Gas, lnc.
Table 6.1. Data used for volumetric flow rate (Method 2)
Pitot Tube Coefilclent Cp(std)= .99
sracx otamerer = zu nches or:1.67 reet. or:2.'t8 Souare Feet
Hzo o/od 16.52 16.60 .51 16.54
coz o/od 9.69 9.71 .66 s.69
02 Yod 0.36 0.35 0.31 0.34
CO ppmd 24.39 24.37 26.29 25.O2
Molecular Weioht Stack Gas drv basis (Md)I mole 29.57 29.51 29.56 29.56
Molecular Weiqht Stack Gas wet basis (Ms)I mole 27.66 27.65 27.65 27.65
Stack Static Pressure (P "t120 0.57 0.55 0.52 0.55
Stack Static Pressure (P "Hq 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
AtmosDheric Pressure at Location - UAt MBAR 836.98 836.69 835.85 836.51
Atmospheric Pressure at Location - uAt "Ho 24.72 24.71 24.69 24.t1
Absolute Stack Pressure (Ps "Hq 24.76 24.75 24.73 24.t
Stack Temperature Deq C 488.33 489.44 492.78 490.
Stack TemDerature Deq F 911.00 913.00 919_OO 914.33
Stack Temperature Deo R 't370.67 1372.67 1378.67 1374.00
Stack Gas Velocity rusec 90.45 89.10 86.72 88.77
Stack Flow Rate Q cfs 197.33 194.38 189.19 193.67
Stack Gas Wet Volmetric Flow Rate scl/hr 226481.13,222678.33 215560.74 221606.16
Stack Gas Dry Volumetric Flow Rate scflhr 189070.97 185723.75 179970.58 184949.54
tmtsstons samD[no Pornts - 3 Dornl tono ilne samoilno DroD€Inches
First Samolino Point aken @ 16.70/" ol Stack Diameter 3.34
Second Samolino Point Taken @ 50% of Stac rk Diameter 10
Third SamDlino Poinl Taken @ 8i1.3% of Stack Diameter 16.66
6.0 Volumetric Flow Rate Data
Table 6.2. Stack gas pressure measured with a standard tube use for Volumetric Flow Rate
7
Aostd = Velocitv head measured bv the' standard pitot tube, (in.) H2o.'
uamDte aTler t acK rurqe:o.51
Within 5% ol Last ADstd readinq:Yes
Flgure 6.1
16 Traverse Points Were UsedStack Diameter (inches)20.00
lnches upstream lrom disturbance 10.00
lnches downstream from disturbance 30.00
Pitot readings are taken for Method 2 calculations using measuring points outlined in Method 1
*The exhaust stack dld not present cyclonlc flow condltlons at the sampllng locatlon due to the
absence of cyclones, lneitlal dsmlsters, venturl scrubberc, or tangentlal inlets.
Gas, lnc.
7.0 Calculations
Method 2: Determination of Stack Gas Velocitv and Volumetric Flow Rate
*Note- Use of this method negates the need for any fuel related numbers for emissions calculations
Ap(avg) = Velocity head of stack gas, mm H2O (in. H2O).
3600 = Conversion Factor, sec/hr.
A = Cross-sectional area ol stack, m2 (tl2).
Bws = Water vapor in the gas stream (from ASTM D6348)
Cp(std) = Standard pitot tube coefficient; use 0.99
Kp = Velocity equation constant.
Md = Molecular weight of stack gas, dry basis, g/g-mole (lb./lb.-nnle).
Ms = Molecular weight ot stack gas, wet basis, g/g-mole (lb./lb. -mole).
Ps = Absolute stack pressure (Pbar+ Pg), mm Hg (in Hg)
Pstd = Standard absolute pressure,760 mm Hg (29.92 in. Hg).
Qsd = Dry volumetric stack gas flow rate conected to
standard conditions, dscm/hr. (dscf/hr.).
Ts(abs) - Absolute stack temperature, "K ("R). = 460 + Ts for
English units.
Tstd = Standard absolute temperature, 293"K (528 'R).
Vs = Average stack gas velocity, m/sec (ft./sec).
Md = .44(.097)+.32(.004)+.28(.897+.002) - 29.566 LB/LB-MOLE
Ms = 29.566(r -.16518)+.18.0(.16518) = 27.656 LB/I_B-MOLE
vs = 85.49'.99*V.57-,1(1370.67 l(24.76'27.656)l = 90.45 FT/SEC
Qsd = 3600(1 -Bws)Vs-A((Tstd'Ps)/(Ts(abs)-Pstd))Qsd = 3600(1-.16s)90.448.2.1 82(s28'24.761t (1370.67'29.9211 = 189070.97 DSCF/FIR
Q = 189070.973/35.315 = 5353.8213 DSCM/HR
Emission Rates (Eramples use CO Run 1
453.6= Conversion factor lb. to gram HP= Engines rated Horsepower
A = Cross-sectional area ol stack, m2 (tt2). Mlg.= Manufacturer Exhaust flow rate at 100% (ft3/min)
BHP/HR. = Brake work ol the engine, horsepower-hour (HP-HR.). 02 = Concentration of orygen on a dry basis, percent.
BTU/HP-HR. = Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (HHV) ppm= Parts Per Million (CO)
ER = Emission rate ol (CO) in g/HP-hr. ppm@15% 02= PPM corrected lo 15"/" 02
F(d )= yelumts ol combustion components per unit of heat Qs! = Dry volumetric stack gas flow rate corrected
content, scm/J (scf/million Btu). to standard conditions, dscm/hr. (DSCF/HR.).
Q = Stack gas volumetric flow rate, in standard cubic meters Run Time = Run Time in Minutes
per hour, dry basis Tpy= Tons per year
LB/HR.= Emission rate ol (Co) in LB/HR. Vs = Average stack gas velocity, m/sec (ft./sec).
MolrM.= MolWeight of CO (28.01)
ppm @ 15% 02 = PPM'((20.9-15VoO2ll(20.9-O2)l ppm @ 15"/"02 = 29.219120.9-15l,1(20.9-.4v"1) = 8.409 PPM @ 15% 02
g/hphr = (PPM'(1 . 1 64-1 0&3)'Q'(Run Time/60))/BHP/HR (29.21911.164'10^-3)'5353.843'(Run Time/601112275 =.08 G/HP-HR
LB/HR = .08'1t453.6',2275 = .401 LB/HR
TPY = .401.4.38 = 1.756 TPY
ppm wet - (1(1-H2O) = ppm dry 29.22 = 24.3925- (1 I (1 -.1 7))
Gas, lnc.
8.0 Oxygen calibration 9
8.'l Calibration error test; how do I confirm my analyzor calibration is correct? After the tester has assembled, prepared and calibrated the
sampling system and analyzer, they conduct a 3-point analyzer calibration error test before the first run and again after any failed system bias test or
failed drift test. They then introduce the low-, mid-, and high-level calibration gases sequentially in direct calibration mode. At each calibration gas level
(low, mid, and high) the calibration error must be within t 2.0 percent of the calibration span.
8.2 lnitial system bias and system calibration error chscks. Before sampling begins, it is determined whether the high- level or mid-level
calibration gas best approximates the emissions and it is used as the upscale gas. The upscale gas is introduced at the probe upstream of all sample-
conditioning components in system calibration mode.
(1) Next, zero gas is introduced as described above. The response must be within 0.5 percent ofthe upscale gas concentration.
(2) LowJevel gas reading is observed until it has reached a final, stable value and the results are recorded. The measurement system will be
operated at the normal sampling rate during all system bias checks.
(3) lf the initial system bias specification is not met, corrective action is taken. The applicable calibration error test from Section 8.2.3 of EPA
Method 7E is repeated along with the initial system bias check until acceptable results are achieved, after which sampling will begin. The pre-
and post-run system bias must be within i 5.0 percent of the calibration span forthe low-level and upscale calibration gases.
8.3 Post-run systom bias check and drift assessment - confirming that each sampls colloctod is valid. Sampling may be performed for multiple
runs before performing the post-run bias or system calibration error check provided this test is passed at the conclusion of the group of runs. A failed
final test in this case will invalidate all runs subsequent to the last passed test.
(1) lfthe poslrun system bias check is not passed, then the run is invalid. The problem is then diagnosed and fixed, then another calibration
enor test and system bias is passed before repeating the run.
(2) After each run, the low-level and upscale drifi is calculated, using Equation 7E-4 in Section 12.5 from EPA Method 7E. lf the poslrun low-
and upscale bias checks are passed, but the low-or upscale drift exceeds the specification in Section 13.3, the run data are valid, but a 3-point
calibration error test and a system bias check must be performed and passed prior to additional testing.
Table 8.1 Oxygen Calibration
Method 7E 3.4 To the extent practicable, the measured emissions should be between
20 to 100 percent of the selected calibration span. This may not be practicable in some
cases of low concentration measurements or testing for compliance with an emission
limit when emissions are substantially less than the limit-
EPA Method 3A Cl,A Worksheet
Certifled Gar Concenlralon I C€rtlfled Get Conc.niraion I Certlfled Ga! Co
Low.Level (%) | rrld.Level (%) | xtgn.uve
000,/
(DIRECT) Anallzer Callbration Error (S 2%)
Gheck
ncentralon
7E 8.5: Note: that you may
risk sampling for multiple
runs before performing the
pos!run bias provided you
pass this test at the
conclusion of the group of
runs
Cerfified
Concentration
Value (%)
Direct
Calibration
Response (%)
Absolute
ference (%)
Anallzer
Calibration
Etrot (o/o)
Zero Gaso/o 0.00%0.000/" 0_00%0.00%
Mid-Level Gas %
High-Level Gas %
9.160/0
20.700/.
9.1 1o/o
20.91o/o
0.05%
0.21o/o
0.24%
1.O30h
(SYSTEM) Calibration Bias Ghecks (S 5%) and Drifi Checks (S 3%)Upscale Gas 9.16%
Zero Offset O.OOo/o
Bias Pre lnitialValue Bias Post lnitalValues
Span 20.70
Analyzer
Calibration
Response (o/o)
Zero Gas 0.00%
SFtem
Callbrailons
Response Pre
(%)
i],stem Bias (ol
of Span) Pre
System
Celibration
Response Posl(l"l
;ystem BiaE (%
of Span) Post
Drifi (% of
span)
0.00% 0.00%0.00o/o 0.00% 0.00%
Upscale Gas 9.11o4 9.O1Yo 0.45Yo 9.04Yo 0.u%0.00%
(SYSTEM) Calibration Bias Checks (S 5%) and Drifi Checks (S 3%)
Avs. Gas Concentration (Run 1)0.43o/o Efruent Gas (Coas) Run 1 0.44o/o
Avg. Gas Concentration (Run 2)0.42Yo Efruent Gas (Cgas) Run 2 0.43Vo
Avg. Gas Concenlration (Run 3)0.37o/o Efiluent Gas (Cgas) Run 3 0.38%
EPA Method 3A CIA Worksheet
Zero Gas 100o/o Nitrogen
Mid-Level Gas 9.16%
Hioh-Level Gas 20.70o/o
Zero Gas o/o
Mid-Level Gas %
High-Level Gas %
Zero Gas % I 0"00% I Upscate Used
upscatecatl g.otx | 916yo
Zero Gas % I ooo% I Upscate Used
Upscatecat I g.o+v" | 916yo
Gas, lnc.
10
9.0 Engine Parameter Data Sheet
Company Grusoe Enerov Svstems. lnc.
Faclllty Duchesne Data Center Power Station
Date 11n3no23
slte EEvaflon (ftl 5833
UnIt ID 1362
Make Waukesha
Model 9394 GSI
serlal Number 1650569
Technlclan Lucas Ennis
Run 1 Run 2 Run 3 Completed
Run Start Tlmes OE:O6 AM 0922 AM 10:41 AM 1I:58 AM
Enolne Hours 3815 3816 3fl17 381 E
Englne Parameter Data
Run 1 RUN 2 Run 3 Average
EnEIne Speed (RPM)199.U t9E.O 1199.O I 198.7
lntal(e Manllold Pressure (Dsll 63.6 64.0 64.7 64.1
lnta!(e Manlfold Temp "l-17.3 119.5 I 25.t 120.6
ENEINE LOAd (EHP)2275.O 2300.0 2275.O 2243.3
Amblent Temp "F 25.O 35.O 44.O 34.1
HumldltY 7o 49.O 32.O 23.O 34.7
Dew Polnt oF 8.0 9.O 9.O 8.7
AFR Manufacturer/TVoe Waukesha Waukesha Waukesha Waukesha
AFR Settlnq (Tarqet Rloht Bank)ffi.7 64.0 64.4 64.0
AFR Settlnq (Tarqet Left Bank)63.3 64.5 63.8 63.9
Suctlon Pressure (Dsl)0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Dlscharoe Pressure (Dsl)0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
catarvst tYes o7 Not Yes
Catalvst Manufacturel Waukesha Waukesha Waukesha Waukesha
# ol Catalyst Installed 2 2 2 2
Catalyst lnlet TemD "F I U49.0 1090.0 1087.0 1086.7
Catalyst Outlet Temp "F 108.0 1108.O 1105.O 1107.0
Catalvst Presaure Drop H2O -6.4 €.4 -6.3 -6.4
Gas, lnc.
11
10.0 OA/OC Results
System
System Response Time 50 seconds
Nitrogen monoxide NO
Nitrogen dioxide NO2
NOx
voc
Oxygen
Average:0.00
Average:0.00
Average:0.00
Average:0.00
Average:0.09
Average:0.00
CTS Compound Concentration Avg
Tolerance
Ditference between measured and expected
Value:99.93
Value: 100.42
2.00"/"
0.49/"
Nitrogen monoxide NO
Nitrogen dioxide NO2
NOx
voc
Oxygen
Average:0.00
Average:0.00
Average:0.00
Average:0.00
Average:0.07
Average:0.00
CTS Bottle Concentration
CTS Compound Concentration Avg
Tolerance
Ditference between measured and expected
Value:99.93
Value:98.03
5.00%
1.9Oo/o
Equilibration Response Time
Spike Reported
Spike Expected
6 seconds
Value:248.83
Value: 25O.2O
Gas, lnc.
12
11.0 D6348 Annexes 1-8
The test quality objectives completed for the emissione test are demonstrated throughout Annexes 1,.2,3,
4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 as layed out per ASTM D6348-03. All reference methods, pre-test and post test procedures
were within acceptable limits. Data generated during lhe pre-test and post-test procedures are
summarized below in order of the distinctive Annex.
Three 60 minute test runs were performed. The final analyte concentrations are the average of each test
run. Data was taken at 60 second intervals. Each 60 recond measurement was the average of 600 scans.
Propane is used as the surrogate compound for the Annex 5 Spiking Technique due to Propane being the
VOC that is most commonly fbund in the combustion process of naturalgas. Additionally, the molecular
weight of Propane coincides with with molecular weight of VOC's per the EPA.
Annex Table 1.2.1 Certifled Calibration Bottle Concentratlons
Eotfle Explraflon NOZ Ethvlene sF6 Q21'/ol
GC303362 6t6t2o.z:6 s5.47 9,16%
E80065640 1z,1t2o.25 99.B3
cc76460 7t5t2o,31 20.70"/o
Cylinder # C0412658,Expiration: 5-08-2031
ProDane co NO sF6
Bottle value 250.20 496.50 247.60 9.76
Analvzer Svstem Resoonse 248.83 493.'t 1 250.E9 9.6it
Percent Diflerence 0.55%0.68%1.33"/o 1.29"/o
Annex Table 1.2.2 Measurqment System Capablllties
Gas, lnc.
Annex Table 1.3.1 Test Specific Target Analytes and Data Quality Objectives
Compounds
lnfrared
Analysis Regiolr
(cm-l)
Expected
Concentration
Range
Measuremenr
System
Achlevable
Mlnlmum
Detectable
Concentratlons
ltequtreq
Measurement
System
Accuracy and
Preclslon for
fest Aoollcatlon
CO 2000-2200 O-12OO oom 0-15257 DDm 4 oom
NO 1875-2138 0-1000 oDm 0.4007 ppm 2DDm
NO2 2700-2950 0-100 oom u.4u99 Dpm 2 DDm
voc
2600-3200
0-100 ppm 1.8520 ppm Total
VOC's
'l ppm per VOC910-1 150
2550-2950
CH2O 2550-2850 0-100 Dom 0.7878 pDm 1 oom
lnterlering
Compounds
* CO is analyzed in a separate analysis region than CO2 and H2O
co2 926-1 150 O-1Oo/o Oo/o nla
Water Vapor 3200-3401 O'22"/o O.2Oo/o nla
. VOCs compiled of Acetaldehyde, Ethylene, Hexane, and Propane.
1.4
02
SENSOR
fp@*
Etl
ffi
GAS
Figure Annex 1.4.1 Sampling Train
The testing instrumentation is housed in an enclosed vehicle which is located approximately 45 feet from the source. A
heated sample line (sixty feet in length) is attached to the inlet of analyzer system and the source effluent discharges
through the FTIR outlet.
STACK
Gas, !nc.
14
Sampling Point Locations
in lnches
16.7"h 3.340
50"h ro.ooo
83.3%r6.660
TRI-PROBE SAMPLE POINT LOCA
AS PERCENTAGE OF STACK DIAM
I
Flgure Annex 1.4.Q Samptlng Polnts
lnterior Stack Diafteter (inches): 20
lnches
Upstream:
10
lnches
Downstream:
30
I
oa{ lnc.
i
Flgure Annex 1.4.3 Sample Port Locatlon
Target Analyte Results oom)
UU 0.1t
NO o.4
N(t(
Ethvlene
Propane
Hexane o.22
AcetaEehyde
FOrmaldr
NEA
RE F TTI
rTr7,s
ft7.
,-7175
N EA*: - C*sl, Lyel
REF r.:;s Lcett
callblauon Transfer standald ExDected iieaaured Fam Lenoth v
Ethvlene 99.93 100.42 5.025 'assed
Annex T able 1.2.2 Measurement System Capabl I ltles
Gas, lnc.
Parameter Gas concentraflon Metsured 7o DlfferenGe specmcatlon valldeted
Spike Direct
Propane 250.200 249.906 O.12"/o +l- zYo PASS
SI-6 9. /OU 9.673 0.89%+l- ZYa PASS
co 496.500 489.571 1.40"h +l'2o/o Pass
NO 247.600 251 .933 I - 15-/o +l'2Yo Pass
splke Run 1 vla the system
source output spike Average Dllufion Factor Expected 70 ReCOvery speclflcatlon
Propane 0.009 I U.OUI 19.649 !14.6|U-/o 7O'13O"/o
SF6 U.UUU o.759 7.847"/o 11U"/o
splke Run 2 vla the system
source output spll(e Average Dilutlon Factor Expected 70 ReCOvery speciflcatlon
Propane U.UUU I6.t 9Z 19.O90 95.29U"/o 7O-13OYo
SF6 U.UUU 0.738 7.629Vo 11U"/o
splke Run 3 vla the system
source outDut splke AveraEe Dilution Factor Expected 7o ReCOvery Specification
Propane U.UUU I6.952 19.516 9 I .11U"/o 7O-'l30o/o
sr-6 U.UUU o.755 1.lJU5"/o (1U"/o
Noise Equlvalent Absorbance (NEA)
RMS High 0.001791
RMS Mid 0.001054
RMS Low 0.000461
Line Position
020
0.15
010
005
000 ,"
020
n 1rl
005
000
-005 005
2AS2 2069 2046 2A?_3 199S 1976 1353 1930 1907 1884 1861 1837 1814
@ o.oo% Pass pass
Gas, lnc.
The Gasmet GICCOR (Genzel lnterferometer with Cube Corner Retroreflectors) interferometer is specially
designed for maximum optical throughput and maximum signal to noise ratio of 7.72 (cm-1) remaining
stable with any vibration and temperature changes.
spectrometer toa m
setting and the detector linearity was tested with an alternate approach. A three point linerarity of the CTS
gas was performed and validated.
Linea rity
162 2734
152 2734
142 2734
132 2734
122.2734
112.2734
102.2734
92 2734
82 2734
72 2734695 687 679 672 664 656 648 641 633 625 61 8 61 0
x62 2734
152"2734
142"2734
132.2734
1?2 2734
112.2734
102 2734
92 2734
82 2734
72 2734
602
16.7338599 Pass
The analytical accuracy of the quantification algorithm is satisfied via the results from Annex 5 per Annex
7.6
FOST GTIt Srstem Checr:
CTS Bottle Concentration:YY,Yi'
CTS Sample Concentration Averaoe:91.32
Ditference between measured and expected:2.68o/o
Tolerance:5.00%
Run Data valldafion - Automated v3 Manual Readlng Valldated Commonts
Hun 1 Polnts 1 & 2 on CO/NO/Prooane All within 20%Passed uemon$rales no rnlenerences oDserveo.
HUn Z FOtnIS I & Z On UU/NU/HrOOane AII within 20%Passed uemonslrales no rnlenerences ooserveo.
Hun 3 Points 1 & 2 on CO/NO/Prooane All within 20%PASSed uemonslrales no rnlenerences oDserveo.
Gas, lnc.
18
12.0 Signature Page
Job/File Name: Crusoe Energy Systems, lnc.; Duchesne Data Center Power Station; 1362;JJJJ
We certify that based on review of test data, knowledge of those individuals directly responsible for
conducting this test, we believe the submitted information to be accurate and complete.
Company: G.A.S. lnc.
Print Name: Lucas Ennis
Title: Emissions Specialist
Date:1111312023
Company:
Print Name:
Signature:
Title:
Phone Number:
Date:
Company: G.A.S. !nc.
Print Name: Chris Oppel
Title: Director of Stack Testing
Signature: n / ro
ru%"<
PhoneNumber: 580-225-0403
Date: 1111312023
Gas, lnc.
Appendices
Gas, lnc.
Spike (5 Gas)
Aitgas
an Ar Lqude compey
AirguSpqidtyG.s
Airg6 USALI.c
1222 S. Wstmrth Aw.
Chicago, IL 60628
Airga.6m
CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS
Grade of Product: EPA PROTOCOL STANDARI)
Customer:
Part Number:
Cylinder Number:
Laboratory:
PGVP Number:
Gas Code:
GREAT PLAINS
ANALYTICAL SERVICE,
E05Nt94E15AC014
cc412658
124 - Chicago (SAP) - lL
812023
CO,CO2,NO,NOX,PPN,BALN
Reference Number: il402732423-1
Gylinder Volume: 147.O CF
Cylinder Pressure: 2015 PSIG
Valve Outet: 660
Certification Date: May 08, 2023
Date:
Cstfietih pGrlomd ln .rydshe wilh 'EPA TEoebllity PEb@l br A.ry .nd C.rtlfieds ot G.s@ C.tb..lbn Studrd. (M.y 2012)' d@mot EPA
6OO/R-12/531, u.ing OE .s.y proclduEs lkbd. An.tytiel M.hodology dq not cqolc mcdoi lb..mlydal inbrlbcM. Thb cylindd h$ a totd en.Mic.l
un6rt inty .s st i.d b.lil wf$ . dlidc@ b6l of g5%- ThrE sro no slghfilont impudtcr whidr .fild llE us of lhi. elib..li:n mlrtrc. All mdffiios aE d a
molc,/molc b..i. lnLs othwbc rcbd. Thc 6uhs Elst ffly to th. itcms ic!t6d. Th. Eport .h.ll not b. Epoduc.d .rc.pt in tull wftdn .pproEl ot th. hbd.tory. Do
t00 D.lo. l.c. 0.7
Triad Data Available Upon Request
PEBMANENT NOTES:Mixture coniains nominal 1oppm Sufiur Ho(alluorido as a trace] componant. Actual teeted value included within
the original Certiricato ol Analysis. Coniact ths Airgas laboiatory if a reprint is required
NOTES:Mixturo contains nominal 1oppm Sutfur Hoxatluoride as a tracor componont. Actual testod valuo included wilhin ths original
Cofiilicate ol Analysis. Contact the Airgas laborabry il a reprint is roquked.
SF6 = 9.76
Approved ior Release Plgi I ot I
AI{ALYTICAL RESULTS
Compongnt Roquested Actual Protocol Total Rohtlve As3ay
Dat6sConenbaton Concontratlon M€thod Uncortallrw
NOX 250.0 PPM 24f,'2PPM G1 +^ 0.9% NIST TEEbb 0t01/2023, 0t08/2023
NlrRlcoxlDE 250.0PPM 247.6PPM G'l +/-0.9%NlSTTEeable O5n12.023'O5n812023
PROPANE 250.0 PPM 2fi.2PPM Gl +/- 0.8% NIST TEeable o5loz2o23
CARBON MONOXIDE 500.0 PPM 496.5 PPM G1 +10.6% NIST TEHbI€ 0510212023
CARBON DIOXIDE 5.000 % 5.076 % G1 +/- 1.3% NIST TE@able 0510112023
NITRoGEN Bdane
CALIBRATION STATTIDARDS
Typ€ LotlD CyllnderNo Conc.ntEtlon Uncertalnty Erplrlilon D.i.
NTRM 20060336
PRM 12409
EBOI 13149 250.3 PPM NITRIC OXIDE/NITROGEN
D913660 15.01 PPM NITROGEN DIOXIDEAIR
+l-0.8%
+t- 1.50/o
Oct 19, 2026
Feb 18,2023
Jun 15,2025
Mat 17,2027
Mat 05,2027
May 14,2025
GMls \53tr;o1202'l1os ND73033 5.012 PPM NITROGEN DIOXIDE/NITROGEN +l- 1.6'yo
6162697Y 243.3 PPM PROPANSAIR +/- 0.5%
cc453947 49I.9PPMCARBONMONOXIDE/NITROGEN +^0.6%
cc4r3685 7./189 % CARBON DIOXIDE ITROGEN
NTRM 200602-13
NTRM 15060$41
NTRM 1306M23 +l- O.6oh
Th6 SRM- NTR.IL PRM. d RGM noi.d .bov. lr fflv ln rcrdae to tho GMIS u$a h tho &v .nd rDt Ert of th€ rn.ly.i6.
ANALYTICAL EQT,IIPMENT
ln3trumonuil.ko/todsl Analvtcd Pdnclplo L.3t tuldpolnt C.llbretlon
Nl@l€t lS50 AUP2010242
COI SIEMENS ULTMMAT 6E N.IJs7OO
Ni@lst iS50 AUP2010242
Nl@bt iS50 AUP20'10242
Nl6bt iss{l 4UP2110277
FTIR
NDIR
FTIR
FTIR
FTIR
Apr 06, 2023
Apt27,m23
tlby 08,2023
May @,2023
Aff 06, 2023
Gas, lnc.
Airgas.
an Atr Lquid€ cmparry
9o/o O2|NO2
Ait?asFcidtyGrE
Airgu USA LLC
S2S North Industri8l Imp Rod
T@le, UT 84074
Afu!a.@m
CERTTFICATE OFANALYS$
Grade of Product: EPA PROTOCOL STAMARI)
Part Number:
Cylinder Number:
Laboratory:
PGVP Number:
Gas Code:
E03Nt90E15W0003
cc303362
124 - Tooele (SAP) - UT
872023
NO2,02,BALN
Reference Numben 1534027 50202-'l
Cylinder Volume: 145.0 CF
Cylinder Pressure: 2015 PSIG
Valve Outlet: 660
Certification Date: Jun 06,2023
Cdtfielion psfom.d in .@rden6 wllh d@lMtEPA
6(xyR-12/531, 6kE thG .$.y pre6duE6 llslcd. Amtyti€l Mohodology dc not Equlr @dd lb..nelydc.l lnbrftE@. Thk cy'linda hs. del ilslyt€l
un6,t ln9 .r .t bd b.ld rllh s dfde@ l.wl ot g5%. ThoE .ro no Blgnlfdit lhpuddc6 wfiich .ltrct tr us ot lhi. €llHon mb(trD. All ddtdds .E 6 s
mldmoL bad! unh$ othflis. nobd. Th6 Eults rcletc sly to th6 hrmr t6atad. nro Epoft lhall not br EpEduc.d .xc.pl h full wlthdn appdal of tha laboEtory. Do
Trhd Data Avallablo Upon Roquo3l
Approved for Retease P.g! I ot I
ANALYTICALRESIJLTS
Componont Requested Acfual Protocol Tot l Rel.tvo
Concentraflon Goncantreflon lf,.thod Unc.rtalnty
Aesay
Dates
NITROGENDIOXIDE 100.0PPM 95.47PPM Gl +/-2.0%NISTTE@bb Oil3Orun3,O6lOOl2O23
OXYGEN 9.000 % 9.157 % G1 +/- 0.5% NIST Tm€ble OSf312O23
NITROGEN Bahne
CALIBRATION STANDARDS
Tvm Lot lD Cvllnder No Conelrtrrtlon Uncertalnty ErDlraton D.to
1.40to
0.40/o
GMIS
NTRM
59.32 PPM NITROGEN DIOXIDE/NITROGEN
4.794 % OXYGEI{/NITROGEN
12397
14060629
ccs1 1358
ceB6987
D@17,2024
M.29,2025
lmtrumenuilakerilodol
ANALYTICAL EQI,IIPMENT
Andrrtc.l Prlnclplg Llst IUultlpolnt CallbEtlon
FTIR
02 PaEmaqnetic (DIXON)
Jun 05, 2023
May M,2023
MKS FT|R NO2 018143349
Ho.iba MPA-510 W603MM58 02
Gas, lnc.
Ailgas.
Ethylene Only
AtryuSlEcidtycsd
Airgs USALrc
PZ2S.WotmrthAw.
Chic.go, IL 60528
Airg8.@E
CERTIFICATE OF AIIALYSIS
Grade of Product: PRIMARY STANDARI)
GREAT PLAINS ANALYTICAL SERVICE,Customer:
Part Number:
Cylinder Number:
Laboratory:
Analysis Date:
Lot Number:
x02Nl99P1sACVH8
E80065640
124 - Chicago (SAP) - lL
DecO'1,2022
il40260il62-1
Explratlon Date: Dec 01, 2025
Reference Number: il4026o3462J
CylinderVolume: 1u.O CF
Cylindor Prossure: 2015 PSIG
Valve Ouflat: 350
Primary Standard Gas Mixtures are traceable to N.LS.T, weights and/or N.I.S.T. Gas Mixuire reference materials.
Component Req Conc
ANALYTICALRESI.'LTS
Actual Goncentratlon
(ilole %)
Analytlcal
Uncertalnty
ETHYLENE
NITROGEN
100.0 PPM
Balsnm
99.93 PPM +l- 1o/"
Approved for Release P.g. I ot I
Gas, !nc.
Airgas.
BIP
At{re Mtit South rcgion
AirguUSAUa
9741 E. S6th St North
Tils, OK74u7
Aituu.@D
CERTIFICATE OF BATCH ANALYSIS
Grade of Product: BIP-BUILTINPT RIFIER
Part Number:
Cylinder Analyzod:
Laboratory:
Analysis Dat€:
Nt BtP300
TW0$867349
106 - Tulsa Fast Fill (SAP) - OK
Feb 10,2016
Reference Numbsr: 29400672389.1
Cylinder Volume: 304.0 CF
Cy{inderPressure: 2O40PS|G
Valve Oudet 580
Componenl
ANALYTICAL REST'LTS
Roquested
Purlty
CertMed
Concentration
NITROGEN
OXYGEN
WATER
TOTAL HYDROCARBONS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON MONOXIDE
99.999 %
1 PPM
1 PPM
0.1 PPM
0.5 PPM
0.5 PPM
99.999 %
0.94 PPM
0.058 PPM
O-1 PPM
0.235 PPM
0.235 PPM
Pormln.nt Noiaa:This c6rl indudes valu€s from the 'fill' sire and is not representative of he 'use" side purfty. Contact an Airgas
Sales Representative br lhis informatbn.
illndcra ln B.tch:
4263617Y, TW0467r107, TW0+83r574, TW0$865966, TW0$867349, TW0$867538, TW0S867578, TW05-881687, TW05-881820,
TW0$920689, TW0S920760, TW05848694, TW05867441, TW05897265, TW05897512, TW05920678, TW05920686, TW05920695,
TW0592078 1, TW05920874
lmpu;ities verified against analytical standards tracoabla to NIST by weight and/or analysis.
Sldh.tuE an il.
Approved for Release Plg.1 ot t
Gas, lnc.
Aitgas
an Arr Lrqukl€ @mpany
21o/o 02
AtutuSIEcislVGue
Airg8 USAUf
Szs North Indusuial lep Rmd
T@le,IrT 84074
Airge.@m
CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS
Grade of Product: EPAPROTOCOL STANDARI)
Part Number:
Cylinder Number:
Laboratory:
PGVP Number:
Gas Code:
E02Nt79E15400B1
cc76460
124 - Tooele (SAP) - UT
872023
02,BALN
Reference Number'l 534027 83621 -'l
Gy'inder Volume: 146.0 CF
Cy'inder Pressure: 2015 PSIG
Valve Outlet 590
C€rtification Date: Jul 05,2023
Datel
Cddfielin p6rbhod in .@rdsn6 wih 'EPA Aay.nd (Mry2012) ddlMt EPA
6m/R-12531, uilng thr a$ry PloccduEs llltrd. AnEMiel M.hodology dc ml Equi! @trrdon br.mlytlo.l lnt tlbc@. Thlr crlhdc hat. tol.l o.lyhd
uno&lnty ss dbd bGlo* wih . sfdcne lrwl ot 95%. Th.E .ro no sighftcnt lmplrili€s whidr .tt c,t thc uo of thb c.libr.tbo mlxtrE- Al 66tdtlon6 .E m .
Th. Gutts Ehc illy io thc Thc Epqt rh.ll nol bG EpEduccd Gxc€pt in tui wilhdn.ppMl of th. LboEbry. Do
Tdad D.tr Av.llabb Upon Roquost
Approved for Release P.g. I ot I
tlot t 8. Thi.100 1... 0.7
ANALYTICAL RE,SII'LTS
Component R.quosbd
Concentrruon
Actual
Conc.ntr.tlon
Protocol Totll Relatlva
tlothod Unc.rt lrty
A.!.y
Dsb3
oxYGEN 21.OO% 20.70%
NITROGEN Balaru
G't +/- 1.4% NIST TEeable 07105nO23
CALIBRATION STA}IDARDS
Tvm LotlD qrllnd.rNo Concentrdon Uncort lnty Erph.tlonDlte
NTRM 09051434 CC2A2192 22.5i| % O)(YGENNITROGEN O.4c/o M8y 13,2025
lnstrumenUtake/todel
ANALYflCILEQI,IIPMENT
Analytcal PrlrElple Lart tultlpolnt Crllbr.Uon
Horiba MPA-510 W603MM58 02 02 Pammasn€tlc(DIXON)Jun 29. 2023
Gas, lnc.
TriProbe Certification
#Rs
Part Number:
Laboratory;
Analysis Date:
LOT Number:
SN:
Great Plalns Analydcal Serdces
303 w 3d st
Elk City, OK 73544
[phone] Fax: [phone]
CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS
Gradc of Product: CERTIFIED STAI\DARD-PROBE
20s
GAS INC.
3t3t2022
A
22A205
Reference 22
Number:
Stack Diameter'. 20"
Target Flow 3Umin
Rate:
Numberof 3
Points:
Product performance verified by direct comparison to calibration standards faceable to N.I.S.T.
*The probe listed on this form meets the multipoint traverse requirement of EPA Method ?e,
section 8.4 as shown in the accompanying data. Method 7e, section 8.4 states that the multipoint
traverse requirement can be satisfied by sampling via "a multi-hole probe desiped to sample at
the prescribed points with a flow +/- l0 percent of mean flow rate".
ANALYTICAL RBSULTS
Total Flow
(Vml
Measured Flow Measured Flow Measured Flow Meen Probe
PonA lUml Port B (Vml Port C (Vm) Port Sempled
lDelta o1l lDelta o2l lDelta o3l Flow (L/m)
Rul
RE2
2LPM
4 LPM
0.660
(-1.004)
1.30
(-r.024)
0.620
(-7.00a)
t.2!
G6.35A)
0.720
(8.004)
t.4l
(7.364)
rCalibration conducted in accordance with Emission Memwement Cetrter Guideline Docunent - EMC GD-031
313/2022
DateApproved for Release
Probe size: 20S
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
ilIsrAftfi]-.i T$:ltANGi*E pARK NC 27711
;i, I I
i. "'.ti.';ii r "l.i"f]lltrll."lll. .'{rr r,1.i',
Mr. Jordan Williamson
CEO
GAS Inc.
303 W. 3,a Street
Elk City, OK73644
Dear Mr. Williamson:
We are writing in response to your letter received on September 17, 2020,in which you request the approval
of alternative testing procedures. The EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) is the
delegated authority for consideration of major alternatives to test methods and procedures as set forth in 40
CFR parts 60 and 63 under which your request must be addressed. GAS Inc. is requesting a change to one of
the test methods, ASTM D6348-03, used for conducting performance tests to determine compliance under
40 CFR part 60, Subpart JJJJ - Standards of Performance for Stationary Spark Ignition Internal Combustion
Engines (Subpart JJJJ) and 40 CFR part 63, Subpart ZZZZ - National Emissions Standards for Hazardous
Air Pollutants for Perforrnance for Stationary Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (Subpart ZZZZ).
The change being requested will be used to check detector linearity of the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)
instrumentation used to conduct this method. Specifically, you are requesting that the procedures of section
8.3.3 of Method 320 (40 CFR part 60, Appendix A), another FTIR-based method allowed under Subparts
JJJJ and ZZZZ, be used in lieu of section A6.4.1of ASTM D6348-03 when conducting testing using ASTM
D6348-03 under 40 CFR part 60, Subpart JJJJ and 40 CFR part 63, Subpart ZZZZ.
In your request, you state that this altemative linearity check procedure will produce consistent results when
utilizing either Method 320 or ASTM D6348-03. Additionally, some FTIR instrumentation does not allow
for reducing the size of the aperture in the instrument and, thus, it would not be feasible to properly conduct
the entirety of the ASTM D6348-03 method in its current form using such an instrument.
Based on our understanding of FTIR instrument principles and recognition that the requested alternative
determination of detector linearity is both technically sound and contained within Method 320,we are
approving the requested change. We believe that this alternative is acceptable for use for use in testing all
engines subject to 40 CFR part 60 Subpart JJJJ and 40 CFR part 63, Subpart ZZZZ. Also, we will post this
letter as ALT-l4l on EPA's website (atwww.epa.gov/emc/broadly-applicable-approved-alternative-
testmethods) to announce that our approval of this alternative test method is broadly applicable to engines for
the purposes of meeting Subparts JJJJ and ZZZZ.
March 15,2021
If you should have any questions or require further information regarding this approval, please contact David
Nash of my staff at 919-541-9425 or email at [e-mail].
Sincerely,
STEFFAN Digitally signed by
STEFFAN JOHNSOf-T
JoHNsoN Hl*lllxil:
Steffan M. Johnson, Group Leader
Measurement Technology Group
Sara Ayers, EPA/OECA/OCA{AMPD, ([e-mail])
Melanie King, EPA/OAR/OAQPS/SPPD, ([e-mail])
James Leather, EPA Region 6, ([e-mail])
David Nash, EPA/OAR/OAQPS/AQAD, ([e-mail])
cc:
Lucas Ennis
GAS, Inc.
s80-22s-0403
[e-mail]
Type of Sources Tested:
Stationary Internal Combustion Engines. 4 Stroke Rich Burn Engines. 2 Stroke & 4 Stroke Lean Burn Engines
Stationary Natural Gas Fired Generators
Stationary Propane Fired Generators
Gas Fired Boilers
Types of Analyzers:. Gasmet DX4000 FTIR. Gasmet Portable Sampling Unit with Zrconium Oxide 02 Sensory. Testo 350. Flame lonization Detector
Qualifications:
Trained, studied, and fully demonstrates compliance for emissions testing via data collection outlined in the
following Reference Methods:. EPA Method 1 & 1A - Sampling & Traverse Points. EPA Method 2 &2C - Velocity & Volumetric Flow Rate of a Gas Stream. EPA Method 3A - Orygen. EPA Method 7E - NOX. EPA Method 10 - Carbon Monoxide. EPA Method 25A- Volatile Organic Compounds. ASTM D6348 - Extractive Fourier Transform lnfrared Spectroscopy
Conducts emissions testing on a weekly basis including, but not limited to, the lollowing test types: lnitial
Compliance, Biennial Compliance, SemiannualCompliance & Quarterly Compliance. Alltests performed
are in accordance to any and all Federal & State requirements as applicable (i.e. JJJJ,ZZZZ, 106.512, 117,
PEA, etc.). Performed testing in Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, North Dakota, Montana, Kansas, New Mexico,
Oklahoma, Texas, Louisiana (land and off-shore), Arkansas, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, New York,
Kentucky, & Mississippi.
. Quarterly Performance Reviews covering ongoing changes with Federal Regulations, State
Compliance guidelines, & site-specific safety certifications.
Gas, lnc.
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Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1852-001
Technical Response to Agency Inquiries
The spectral data and timestamps were analyzed to ensure that calibration verification activities met the criteria outlined in ASTM D6348-03.
Encino Project Number: EM-23-1582
Unit Number: 1251

ASTM D6348-03 Annex 5 – Spike Recovery Calculations

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1852-001
ASTM D6348-03 Annex 2 – Determination of Minimum Detection Concentrations (“MDC”)
NO

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1852-001
CO

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1852-001
VOC

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1852-001
Background Spectrum

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1852-001
Pretest and Post Test Quality Checks

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1853-001
Technical Response to Agency Inquiries
The spectral data and timestamps were analyzed to ensure that calibration verification activities met the criteria outlined in ASTM D6348-03.
Encino Project Number: EM-23-1583
Unit Number: 1251

ASTM D6348-03 Annex 5 – Spike Recovery Calculations

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1853-001
ASTM D6348-03 Annex 2 – Determination of Minimum Detection Concentrations (“MDC”)
NO

0.429 ppm NO

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1853-001
CO

0.029 ppm CO

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1853-001
VOC

0.67 ppm VOC

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1853-001
Background Spectrum

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.20.2024 v1; EM-23-1853-001
Pretest and Post Test Quality Checks

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1854-001
Technical Response to Agency Inquiries
The spectral data and timestamps were analyzed to ensure that calibration verification activities met the criteria outlined in ASTM D6348-03.
Encino Project Number: EM-23-1584
Unit Number: 1318

ASTM D6348-03 Annex 5 – Spike Recovery Calculations

Project Number EM-23-1584 Unit No.: 1318
LAB Number CO NO VOC SF6 Diluted (CS)
1 206 86.49 3.53 0.00 0.00 CO 4,954.00 495.40
2 207 113.26 28.35 0.00 0.00 NO 4,914.00 491.40
3 208 91.64 0.47 0.00 0.00 VOC 4,948.00 494.80
AVERAGE 97.13 10.78 0.00 0.00 SF6 5.00 0.50
Sample Flowrate (LPM)5.00
Calibration Flowrate (LPM)0.50
LAB Number CO NO VOC SF6 Dilution Factor (DF)0.10 Equation A5.2 of Annex 5; ASTM D6348-03
1 306 643.63 594.90 552.51 0.48
2 307 594.91 585.22 497.53 0.45
3 308 643.11 578.54 528.48 0.44
AVERAGE 627.21 586.22 526.17 0.46
Udil Mean concentration of the native analytes determined from analysis of the unspiked samples
DF Check (SF6)0.09 CS Certified concentration of calibration standards (Full Bottle Concentration) X DF
Ua Concentration of the analyte in the unspiked samples
Equation A5.4 of Annex 5; ASTM D6348-03
Recovery (%R)
Udil CO 87.42 107.62%
Udil NO 9.71 116.99%
Udil VOC (as propane)0.00 106.34%
Equation A5.5 of Annex 5; ASTM D6348-03
Udil (ppmvd)Expected Concentrations
582.82
501.11
494.80
ASTM D6348-03 Annex 5 - Spike Recovery Calculation Verification Worksheet
Concentration of Analytes in unspiked Sample (Ua)Certified Concentrations
Full Bottle
Spiked Measurements (ppmvd) (Spike + Natives)
NOTE:The Dilution Factor (DF)
should be approximately 0.1 or less
in accordance with A5.6 of Annex 5;
ASTM D6348.03.
𝐷𝐹=𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 (𝐿𝑃𝑀)𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 (𝐿𝑃𝑀)
𝑈𝑑𝑖𝑙=𝑈𝑎 × (1 −𝐷𝐹)
%𝑅=𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑂𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑑{𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑} × 100 ⬚
Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1854-001
ASTM D6348-03 Annex 2 – Determination of Minimum Detection Concentrations (“MDC”)
NO

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1854-001
CO

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1854-001
VOC

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1854-001
Background Spectrum

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1854-001
Pretest and Post Test Quality Checks

PRETEST DIRECT
10/26/2023 7:45
Analyte Reading Deviation Response (sec)Initial End
e (C2H4) 151.99 1.33 <30 136 136
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 4,778.07 -3.55 <30 146 152
Nitric Oxide (NO) 5,002.26 1.80 <30 146 152
e (C3H8) 5,084.76 2.76 <30 146 152
ehyde (C2H4O) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
PRETEST SYSTEM
10/26/2023 7:45
Analyte Reading Deviation Response (sec)Initial End
e (C2H4) 150.96 0.64 <30 153 153
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 4,981.75 0.56 <30 163 166
Nitric Oxide (NO) 4,928.70 0.30 <30 163 166
e (C3H8) 4,841.88 -2.14 <30 163 166
ehyde (C2H4O) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
PSOT TEST DIRECT
10/26/2023 13:47
Analyte Reading Deviation Response (sec)Initial End
e (C2H4) 151.02 0.68 <30 600 600
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 4,888.40 -1.32 <30 602 605
Nitric Oxide (NO) 4,894.52 -0.40 <30 602 605
e (C3H8) 4,937.82 -0.21 <30 602 605
ehyde (C2H4O) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
4,948.00
N/A
N/A
Target Concentration
150.00
4,954.00
4,914.00
N/A
Target Concentration
150.00
4,954.00
4,914.00
4,948.00
ASTM D6348-03 Procedure
Target Concentration
150.00
4,954.00
4,914.00
4,948.00
Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1585-001
Technical Response to Agency Inquiries
The spectral data and timestamps were analyzed to ensure that calibration verification activities met the criteria outlined in ASTM D6348-03.
Encino Project Number: EM-23-1585
Unit Number: 1254

ASTM D6348-03 Annex 5 – Spike Recovery Calculations

Project Number EM-23-1584 Unit No.: 1318
LAB Number CO NO VOC SF6 Diluted (CS)
1 195 77.69 4.06 14.11 0.00 CO 4,954.00 495.40
2 196 78.00 5.23 13.42 0.00 NO 4,914.00 491.40
3 197 78.61 4.96 12.99 0.00 VOC 4,948.00 494.80
AVERAGE 78.10 4.75 13.51 0.00 SF6 5.00 0.50
Sample Flowrate (LPM)5.00
Calibration Flowrate (LPM)0.50
LAB Number CO NO VOC SF6 Dilution Factor (DF)0.10 Equation A5.2 of Annex 5; ASTM D6348-03
1 352 644.24 579.09 507.19 0.51
2 353 657.03 505.55 545.79 0.49
3 354 640.10 518.60 525.20 0.49
AVERAGE 647.12 534.41 526.06 0.50
Udil Mean concentration of the native analytes determined from analysis of the unspiked samples
DF Check (SF6)0.10 CS Certified concentration of calibration standards (Full Bottle Concentration) X DF
Ua Concentration of the analyte in the unspiked samples
Equation A5.4 of Annex 5; ASTM D6348-03
Recovery (%R)
Udil CO 70.29 114.40%
Udil NO 4.27 107.82%
Udil VOC (as propane)12.16 103.77%
Equation A5.5 of Annex 5; ASTM D6348-03
Udil (ppmvd)Expected Concentrations
565.69
495.67
506.96
ASTM D6348-03 Annex 5 - Spike Recovery Calculation Verification Worksheet
Concentration of Analytes in unspiked Sample (Ua)Certified Concentrations
Full Bottle
Spiked Measurements (ppmvd) (Spike + Natives)
NOTE:The Dilution Factor (DF)
should be approximately 0.1 or less
in accordance with A5.6 of Annex 5;
ASTM D6348.03.
𝐷𝐹=𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 (𝐿𝑃𝑀)𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 (𝐿𝑃𝑀)
𝑈𝑑𝑖𝑙=𝑈𝑎 × (1 −𝐷𝐹)
%𝑅=𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑂𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑒𝑑{𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑} × 100⬚
Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1585-001
ASTM D6348-03 Annex 2 – Determination of Minimum Detection Concentrations (“MDC”)
NO

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1585-001
CO

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1585-001
VOC

Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1585-001
Background Spectrum

Project Number EM-23-1585
Reference 3.2.7 of ASTM D6348-03
Section 11 - Procedure; 11.3.3 of ASTM D6348-03
FTIR Background—Flow nitrogen or zero air through the FTIR
gas cell directly.
Acquire a background spectrum (Io)according to
manufacturers’s instructions.Use the same gas cell
conditions (that is,temperature,pressure,and pathlength)as
used for sample analysis.Use the same number (or greater)
of interferometer scans as that used during sample analysis.
ASTM D6348-03 Procedure
background spectrum, n—the spectrum taken in the absence
of absorbing species or sample gas, typically conducted using
dry nitrogen or zero air in the gas cell.
Technical Response to Agency Inquiries 03.28.2024 v1; EM-23-1585-001
Pretest and Post Test Quality Checks

Run NOx ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 10.775 0.00 3.04 0.06 0.01090 0.13070 0.02635
2 8.226 0.00 2.32 0.04 0.00832 0.09978 0.02012
3 20.041 0.00 5.66 0.10 0.02027 0.24561 0.04951
AVG 13.014 0.00 3.67 0.07 0.01316 0.15870 0.03199
Run CO ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 75.701 0.00 21.37 #DIV/0! 0.04661 0.55902 0.11270
2 52.761 0.00 14.89 #DIV/0! 0.03249 0.38962 0.07855
3 56.241 0.00 15.88 #DIV/0! 0.03463 0.41960 0.08459
AVG 61.568 0.00 17.38 #DIV/0! 0.03791 0.4561 0.09194
Run VOC ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 11.94 0.00 3.37 #DIV/0! 0.01153 0.13883 0.02799
2 12.79 0.00 3.61 #DIV/0! 0.01235 0.14869 0.02998
3 14.02 0.00 3.96 #DIV/0! 0.01353 0.16466 0.03319
AVG 12.92 0.00 3.65 #DIV/0! 0.01247 0.1507 0.03039
Run HCOH ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
2 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
3 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
AVG #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.0000 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
Operating Parameter R1 R2 R3 AVG.
Engine Load % #DIV/0!
Fuel Feed Rate (SCF/hr): 9964.62 9964.62 10067.35 9998.86
F-Factor; 8469.40 8469.40 8469.40 8469.40
Engine HP 2250.00 2250.00 2250.00 2250.00
BSFC (BTU/BHP-hr): #DIV/0!
Q Stack dscf/hr 101541.09 101541.09 102587.91 101890.03
HHV #DIV/0!
Ambient Temperature (F): #DIV/0!
Analyte High Recovery +- 10% Target Conc.Pre Direct Response % Recovery Pre System Target Pre System Response % Recovery Post Direct Traget Post Direct Reponse % Recovery
Ethylene (CTS) 150.00 156.01 104.01 150.00 151.11 100.74 150.00 149.88 99.92
CO 4954.00 4930.61 99.53 4954.00 4930.61 99.53 4954.00 4955.30 100.03
NO 4914.00 4860.11 98.90 4914.00 5078.03 103.34 4914.00 5020.45 102.17
Propane 4948.00 4893.31 98.89 4948.00 4893.31 98.89 4948.00 4847.34 97.97
Baseline Baseline R1 Baseline R2 Baseline R3
NO 0.0000
CO 0.0000
Propane 0.0000
Nox 0.0000
Analyte Cal Gas Value Stack gas measured Stack + Spike measured Spike % Recovery Dilution Factor +=10% Spike Value
SF6 run 1 5.00 0.0000 0.75 150.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 run 2 5.00 0.0000 0.51 102.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 run 3 5.00 0.0000 0.21 42.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 spike ave. 5.00 0.0000 0.49 98.00 0.100 0.50
VOC as Propane run 1 4948.00 9.9700 593.07 117.49 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane run 2 4948.00 9.1100 560.59 111.25 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane run 3 4948.00 7.2200 508.55 101.30 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane ave 4948.00 8.76 554.07 110.03 0.100 494.80
CO run 1 4954.00 119.2600 602.05 97.95 0.100 495.40
CO run 2 4954.00 125.8600 623.36 100.34 0.100 495.40
CO run 3 4954.00 138.1600 675.65 106.64 0.100 495.40
CO Ave. 4954.00 127.7600 633.69 101.69 0.100 495.40
NO run 1 4914.00 8.95 595.52 119.02 0.100 491.40
NO run 2 4914.00 6.27 435.34 87.48 0.100 491.40
NO run 3 4914.00 6.92 561.45 112.67 0.100 491.40
NO ave. 4914.00 7.38 530.77 106.41 0.100 491.40

Analyte CO NO Ethylene CTS SF6
MDC 0.0290 0.4290 0.6700
Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)
Spiked amout should be < 10% of the Certified gas concentration. The DF should be < 0.100
Spiked amout should be +-50% of the Stack analyte gas concentration
Sample Spike Recovery (70%-130%)
Test Results CO
Sample Spike MDC -PPMDV
Crusoe Energy - Duchesne Data Center; Engine GE-1251 Stack Test Date 10/25/23, reviewed by Robert Sirrine 3/25/24
Analyte/Spike %Recovery, Error & Drift
System Zero Background Check Pretest
Test Results NOx
Test Parameters Generator #1
Test Results VOC
Test Results HCOH
Run NOx ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 4.196 0.00 1.18 0.02 0.00424 0.05009 0.01010
2 6.221 0.00 1.76 0.03 0.00629 0.07427 0.01497
3 3.353 0.00 0.95 0.02 0.00339 0.04003 0.00807
AVG 4.590 0.00 1.30 0.02 0.00464 0.05480 0.01105
Run CO ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 79.041 0.00 22.31 #DIV/0! 0.04865 0.57446 0.11581
2 70.031 0.00 19.77 #DIV/0! 0.04310 0.50898 0.10261
3 60.387 0.00 17.05 #DIV/0! 0.03717 0.43889 0.08848
AVG 69.820 0.00 19.71 #DIV/0! 0.04297 0.5074 0.10230
Run VOC ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 12.83 0.00 3.62 #DIV/0! 0.01238 0.14680 0.02959
2 13.60 0.00 3.84 #DIV/0! 0.01312 0.15559 0.03137
3 13.00 0.00 3.67 #DIV/0! 0.01254 0.14873 0.02998
AVG 13.14 0.00 3.71 #DIV/0! 0.01268 0.1504 0.03031
Run HCOH ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
2 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
3 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
AVG #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.0000 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
Operating Parameter R1 R2 R3 AVG.
Engine Load %90.00 90.00 90.00 90.00
Fuel Feed Rate (SCF/hr): 9018.06 9018.06 9018.06 9018.06
F-Factor; 8466.03 8466.03 8466.03 8466.03
Engine HP 2250.00 2250.00 2250.00 2250.00
BSFC (BTU/BHP-hr): #DIV/0!
Q Stack dscf/hr 99936.85 99936.85 99936.85 99936.85
HHV #DIV/0!
Ambient Temperature (F): #DIV/0!
Analyte High Recovery +- 10% Target Conc. Pre Direct Response % Recovery Pre System Target Pre System Response % Recovery Post Direct Traget Post Direct Reponse % Recovery
Ethylene (CTS) 150.00 148.29 98.86 150.00 149.60 99.73 150.00 149.75 99.83
CO 4954.00 5018.05 101.29 4954.00 4988.11 100.69 4954.00 4975.06 100.43
NO 4914.00 4999.61 101.74 4914.00 4918.54 100.09 4914.00 4899.23 99.70
Propane 4948.00 5027.88 101.61 4948.00 4944.83 99.94 4948.00 4941.96 99.88
Baseline Baseline R1 Baseline R2 Baseline R3
NOx 0.0000
NO2 0.0000
NO 0.0000
CO 0.0000
VOC 0.0000
Analyte Cal Gas Value Stack gas measured Stack + Spike measured Spike % Recovery Dilution Factor +=10% Spike Value
SF6 run 1 5.00 0.0000 0.51 102.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 run 2 5.00 0.0000 0.49 98.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 run 3 5.00 0.0000 0.49 98.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 spike ave. 5.00 0.0000 0.50 100.00 0.100 0.50
VOC as Propane run 1 4948.00 14.1100 507.19 99.66 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane run 2 4948.00 13.4200 545.79 107.39 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane run 3 4948.00 12.9900 525.20 103.43 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane ave 4948.00 13.51 526.06 103.49 0.100 494.80
CO run 1 4954.00 77.6900 644.24 112.42 0.100 495.40
CO run 2 4954.00 78.0000 657.03 114.58 0.100 495.40
CO run 3 4954.00 78.6100 640.10 111.51 0.100 495.40
CO Ave. 4954.00 78.1000 647.12 112.84 0.100 495.40
NO run 1 4914.00 4.06 579.09 116.88 0.100 491.40
NO run 2 4914.00 5.23 505.55 101.80 0.100 491.40
NO run 3 4914.00 4.96 518.60 104.48 0.100 491.40
NO ave. 4914.00 4.75 534.41 107.71 0.100 491.40

Analyte CO NO VOC as Propane
MDC 0.0002 0.7114 0.5891
Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)
Crusoe Energy - Duchesne Data Center; Engine GE-1254 Stack Test Date 10/27/23, reviewed by Robert Sirrine 3/28/24
Analyte/Spike %Recovery, Error & Drift
System Zero Background Check Pretest
Test Results NOx
Test Parameters Generator #1
Test Results VOC
Test Results HCOH
Spiked amout should be < 10% of the Certified gas concentration. The DF should be < 0.100
Spiked amout should be +-50% of the Stack analyte gas concentration
Sample Spike Recovery (70%-130%)
Test Results CO
Sample Spike MDC
Run NOx ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 8.609 0.00 2.43 #NUM! 0.00880 0.14237 0.02870
2 8.539 0.00 2.41 #NUM! 0.00873 0.14121 0.02847
3 5.147 0.00 1.45 #NUM! 0.00526 0.08512 0.01716
AVG 7.432 0.00 2.10 #NUM! 0.00759 0.12290 0.02478
Run CO ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 51.496 0.00 14.54 #DIV/0! 0.03204 0.51843 0.10451
2 42.601 0.00 12.03 #DIV/0! 0.02651 0.42888 0.08646
3 43.255 0.00 12.21 #DIV/0! 0.02692 0.43547 0.08779
AVG 45.784 0.00 12.92 #DIV/0! 0.02849 0.4609 0.09292
Run VOC ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 10.62 0.00 3.00 #DIV/0! 0.01037 0.16838 0.03394
2 -2.96 0.00 -0.83 #DIV/0! -0.00288 -0.04684 -0.00944
3 -3.67 0.00 -1.03 #DIV/0! -0.00358 -0.05811 -0.01171
AVG 1.33 0.00 0.38 #DIV/0! 0.00130 0.0211 0.00426
Run HCOH ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
2 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
3 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
AVG #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.0000 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
Operating Parameter R1 R2 R3 AVG.
Engine Load % #DIV/0!
Fuel Feed Rate (SCF/hr): #DIV/0!
F-Factor; 8559.14 8559.14 8559.14 8559.14
Engine HP 2250.00 2250.00 2250.00 2250.00
BSFC (BTU/BHP-hr): 6542.00 6542.00 6542.00 6542.00
Q Stack dscf/hr 138431.48 138431.48 138431.48 138431.48
HHV 1188.70 1188.70 1188.70 1188.70
Ambient Temperature (F): #DIV/0!
Analyte High Recovery +- 10% Target Conc.Pre Direct Response % Recovery Pre System Target Pre System Response % Recovery Post Direct Traget Post Direct Reponse % Recovery
Ethylene (CTS) 150.00 151.14 100.76 150.00 151.27 100.85 150.00 150.78 100.52
CO 4954.00 4844.13 97.78 4954.00 4861.71 98.14 4954.00 4968.37 100.29
NO 4914.00 4876.73 99.24 4914.00 5054.45 102.86 4914.00 5049.38 102.75
Propane 4948.00 5052.23 102.11 4948.00 4968.75 100.42 4948.00 4893.12 98.89
Baseline Baseline R1 Baseline R2 Baseline R3
NO 0.0000
CO 0.0000
VOC 0.0000
Analyte Cal Gas Value Stack gas measured Stack + Spike measured Spike % Recovery Dilution Factor +=10% Spike Value
SF6 run 1 5.00 0.0000 0.52 104.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 run 2 5.00 0.0000 0.49 98.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 run 3 5.00 0.0000 0.45 90.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 spike ave. 5.00 0.0000 0.49 98.00 0.100 0.50
VOC as Propane run 1 4948.00 6.4100 514.57 102.67 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane run 2 4948.00 7.2700 529.40 105.44 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane run 3 4948.00 6.2700 531.90 106.15 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane ave 4948.00 6.65 525.29 104.75 0.100 494.80
CO run 1 4954.00 119.2600 632.77 102.95 0.100 495.40
CO run 2 4954.00 104.4400 624.09 104.04 0.100 495.40
CO run 3 4954.00 123.8400 621.44 100.36 0.100 495.40
CO Ave. 4954.00 115.8400 626.10 102.43 0.100 495.40
NO run 1 4914.00 5.78 541.06 108.83 0.100 491.40
NO run 2 4914.00 5.56 587.81 118.28 0.100 491.40
NO run 3 4914.00 5.81 598.93 120.46 0.100 491.40
NO ave. 4914.00 5.72 575.93 115.85 0.100 491.40

Analyte CO NO Propane
MDC 0.8870 0.5897 0.7510
Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)
Crusoe Energy - Duchesne Data Center; Engine GE-1283 Stack Test Date 10/24/23, reviewed by Robert Sirrine 3/26/24
Analyte/Spike %Recovery, Error & Drift
System Zero Background Check Pretest
Test Results NOx
Test Parameters Generator #1
Test Results VOC
Test Results HCOH
Spiked amout should be < 10% of the Certified gas concentration. The DF should be < 0.100
Spiked amout should be +-50% of the Stack analyte gas concentration
Sample Spike Recovery (70%-130%)
Test Results CO
Sample Spike MDC
Run NOx ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 -5.554 0.00 -1.57 -0.02 -0.00562 -0.09029 -0.01820
2 -10.479 0.00 -2.96 -0.05 -0.01060 -0.17036 -0.03434
3 -6.429 0.00 -1.81 -0.03 -0.00650 -0.10452 -0.02107
AVG -7.487 0.00 -2.11 -0.03 -0.00757 -0.12172 -0.02454
Run CO ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 57.476 0.00 16.23 #DIV/0! 0.03539 0.56883 0.11467
2 53.551 0.00 15.12 #DIV/0! 0.03297 0.52999 0.10684
3 47.833 0.00 13.50 #DIV/0! 0.02945 0.47340 0.09543
AVG 52.953 0.00 14.95 #DIV/0! 0.03260 0.5241 0.10565
Run VOC ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 -22.57 0.00 -6.37 #DIV/0! -0.02179 -0.35167 -0.07089
2 -23.63 0.00 -6.67 #DIV/0! -0.02281 -0.36819 -0.07422
3 15.97 0.00 4.51 #DIV/0! 0.01542 0.24878 0.05015
AVG -10.08 0.00 -2.84 #DIV/0! -0.00973 -0.1570 -0.03166
Run HCOH ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
2 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
3 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
AVG #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.0000 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
Operating Parameter R1 R2 R3 AVG.
Engine Load %#DIV/0!
Fuel Feed Rate (SCF/hr): #DIV/0!
F-Factor; 8469.40 8469.40 8469.40 8469.40
Engine HP 2250.00 2250.00 2250.00 2250.00
BSFC (BTU/BHP-hr): #DIV/0!
Q Stack dscf/hr 136086.00 136086.00 136086.00 136086.00
HHV #DIV/0!
Ambient Temperature (F): #DIV/0!
Analyte High Recovery +- 10% Target Conc.Pre Direct Response % Recovery Pre System Target Pre System Response % Recovery Post Direct Traget Post Direct Reponse % Recovery
Ethylene (CTS) 150.00 132.96 88.64 150.00 111.50 74.34 150.00 126.17 84.11
CO 4954.00 6778.07 136.82 4954.00 6743.44 136.12 4954.00 6205.51 125.26
NO 4914.00 6989.96 142.25 4914.00 6934.45 141.12 4914.00 6389.90 130.03
Propane 4948.00 3800.14 76.80 4948.00 3822.50 77.25 4948.00 3033.14 61.30
Baseline Baseline R1 Baseline R2 Baseline R3
NOx 0.0000
NO2 0.0000
NO 0.0000
CO 0.0000
VOC 0.0000
Analyte Cal Gas Value Stack gas measured Stack + Spike measured Spike % Recovery Dilution Factor +=10% Spike Value
SF6 run 1 5.00 0.0000 0.48 96.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 run 2 5.00 0.0000 0.45 90.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 run 3 5.00 0.0000 0.44 88.00 0.100 0.50
SF6 spike ave. 5.00 0.0000 0.46 92.00 0.100 0.50
VOC as Propane run 1 4948.00 0.0000 552.51 111.66 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane run 2 4948.00 0.0000 497.53 100.55 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane run 3 4948.00 0.0000 528.48 106.81 0.100 494.80
VOC as Propane ave 4948.00 0.00 526.17 106.34 0.100 494.80
CO run 1 4954.00 86.4900 643.63 110.61 0.100 495.40
CO run 2 4954.00 113.2600 594.91 97.74 0.100 495.40
CO run 3 4954.00 91.6400 643.11 109.55 0.100 495.40
CO Ave. 4954.00 97.1300 627.21 105.85 0.100 495.40
NO run 1 4914.00 3.53 594.90 120.20 0.100 491.40
NO run 2 4914.00 28.35 585.22 112.60 0.100 491.40
NO run 3 4914.00 0.47 578.54 117.62 0.100 491.40
NO ave. 4914.00 10.78 586.22 116.74 0.100 491.40

Analyte CO NO Ethylene CTS SF6
MDC
Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)
Crusoe Energy - Duchesne Data Center; Engine GE-1318 Stack Test Date 10/26/23, reviewed by Robert Sirrine 3/28/24
Analyte/Spike %Recovery, Error & Drift
System Zero Background Check Pretest
Test Results NOx
Test Parameters Generator #1
Test Results VOC
Test Results HCOH
Spiked amout should be < 10% of the Certified gas concentration. The DF should be < 0.100
Spiked amout should be +-50% of the Stack analyte gas concentration
Sample Spike Recovery (70%-130%)
Test Results CO
Sample Spike MDC
Run NOx ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 16.183 0.33 4.64 0.06 0.00000 0.33907 0.06545
2 0.889 0.58 0.26 0.00 0.00000 0.01825 0.00360
3 5.570 0.38 1.60 0.02 0.00000 0.10504 0.02049
AVG 7.547 0.43 2.17 0.03 0.00000 0.15412 0.02985
Run CO ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 86.047 0.33 24.68 #DIV/0! 0.00000 1.09757 0.21185
2 48.941 0.58 14.21 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.61149 0.12059
3 61.012 0.38 17.54 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.70048 0.13666
AVG 65.333 0.43 18.81 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.8032 0.15637
Run VOC ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 1.92 0.33 0.55 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.03860 0.00745
2 1.49 0.58 0.43 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02921 0.00576
3 1.57 0.38 0.45 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02836 0.00553
AVG 1.66 0.43 0.48 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0321 0.00625
Run HCOH ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 0.33 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
2 0.58 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
3 0.38 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
AVG #DIV/0! 0.43 0.0000 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
Operating Parameter R1 R2 R3 AVG.
Engine Load % 94.00 92.00 93.00 93.00
Fuel Feed Rate (SCF/hr): #DIV/0!
F-Factor; #DIV/0!
Engine HP 2350.00 2300.00 2325.00 2325.00
BSFC (BTU/BHP-hr): #DIV/0!
Q Stack dscf/hr 175393.00 171802.89 157868.32 168354.74
HHV #DIV/0!
Ambient Temperature (F): #DIV/0!
Analyte High Recovery +- 10% Gas Value System Response % Recovery Pre Direct Response % Recovery Post System Reponse % Recovery
NOx #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO2 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO 247.60 250.07 101.00 246.59 99.59 253.29 102.30
CO 496.50 505.85 101.88 501.33 100.97 511.57 103.04
Ethylene (CTS) 99.93 101.65 101.72 100.81 100.88 104.27 104.34
Oxygen 9.16 9.14 99.78 9.21 100.55 9.21 100.55
SF6 9.76 9.75 99.90 9.60 98.36 9.88 101.20
Propane 250.20 251.41 100.48 248.08 99.15 255.16 101.98
Baseline PretestBaseline R1 Baseline R2 Baseline R3
NOx 0.0600 0.1200 0.000
NO2 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
NO 0.0600 0.1200 0.000
CO 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
VOC 0.4200 0.4300 0.160
Oxygen 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
Analyte Cal Gas Value Stack gas measured Stack + Spike measured Spike % Recovery Dilution Factor +=10% Spike Value
SF6 run 1 9.76 0.0000 0.71 98.42 0.0736 0.72
SF6 run 2 9.76 0.0000 0.77 98.36 0.0799 0.78
SF6 run 3 9.76 0.0000 0.77 98.37 0.0802 0.78
Propane spike run 1 250.20 0.0090 17.50 94.96 0.0736 18.41
Propane spike run 2 250.20 0.0000 19.45 97.27 0.0799 19.99
Propane spike run 3 250.20 0.0000 19.46 96.97 0.0802 20.07

Analyte CO NO NO2 Form CO2 VOC
MDC 0.1627 0.4007 0.4899 0.7878 0.0000 1.8520
Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)
Spiked amout should be < 10% of the Certified gas concentration. The DF should be < 0.100
Spiked amout should be +-50% of the Stack analyte gas concentration
Sample Spike Recovery (70%-130%)
Test Results CO
Sample Spike MDC
Crusoe Energy - Duchesne Data Center; Engine GE-1358 Stack Test Date 11/15/23, Reviewed 01/18/24 by Robert Sirrine
Analyte/Spike %Recovery, Error & Drift
System Zero Background Check Pretest
Test Results NOx
Test Parameters Generator #1
Test Results VOC
Test Results HCOH
Run NOx ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 10.477 0.58 3.04 0.04 0.00000 0.21534 0.04247
2 9.942 0.44 2.87 0.04 0.00000 0.21063 0.04109
3 26.897 0.37 7.73 0.11 0.00000 0.54990 0.10502
AVG 15.772 0.46 4.55 0.06 0.00000 0.32529 0.06286
Run CO ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 62.457 0.58 18.13 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.78150 0.15412
2 63.024 0.44 18.17 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.81287 0.15858
3 63.535 0.37 18.26 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.79078 0.15103
AVG 63.005 0.46 18.19 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.7951 0.15458
Run VOC ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 1.189 0.58 0.35 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02342 0.00462
2 1.163 0.44 0.34 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02362 0.00461
3 1.097 0.37 0.32 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02150 0.00411
AVG 1.15 0.46 0.33 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0228 0.00444
Run HCOH ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
2 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
3 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
AVG #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.0000 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
Operating Parameter R1 R2 R3 AVG.
Engine Load % 92.00 93.00 95.00 93.33
Fuel Feed Rate (SCF/hr): #DIV/0!
F-Factor; #DIV/0!
Engine HP 2300.00 2325.00 2375.00 2333.33
BSFC (BTU/BHP-hr): #DIV/0!
Q Stack dscf/hr 172053.24 177350.36 171143.85 173515.82
HHV #DIV/0!
Ambient Temperature (F): #DIV/0!
Analyte High Recovery +- 10% Gas Value System Response % Recovery Pre Direct Response % Recovery Post System Reponse % Recovery
NOx #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO2 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO 247.60 249.71 100.85 249.92 100.93 250.34 101.11
CO 496.50 489.35 98.56 487.00 98.09 489.62 98.61
Ethylene (CTS) 99.93 97.92 97.99 98.60 98.67 98.44 98.51
Oxygen 9.16 9.12 99.56 9.13 99.67 9.24 100.87
SF6 9.76 9.64 98.79 9.66 99.00 9.67 99.10
Propane 250.20 249.64 99.78 250.03 99.93 250.21 100.00
Baseline Baseline R1 Baseline R2 Baseline R3
NOx 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
NO2 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
NO 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
CO 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
VOC 0.1900 0.4200 0.430
Oxygen 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
Analyte Cal Gas Value Stack gas measured Stack + Spike measured Spike % Recovery Dilution Factor +=10% Spike Value
SF6 run 1 9.76 0.0000 0.75 99.03 0.0776 0.76
SF6 run 2 9.76 0.0000 0.77 98.98 0.0795 0.78
SF6 run 3 9.76 0.0000 0.76 99.05 0.0782 0.76
Propane spike run 1 250.20 0.0090 19.82 101.62 0.0779 19.49
Propane spike run 2 250.20 0.0000 20.31 102.08 0.0795 19.89
Propane spike run 3 250.20 0.0000 19.99 102.16 0.0782 19.57

Analyte CO NO NO2 Form CO2 VOC
MDC 0.1627 0.4007 0.4899 0.7878 0.0000 1.8520
Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)
Spiked amout should be < 10% of the Certified gas concentration. The DF should be < 0.100
Spiked amout should be +-50% of the Stack analyte gas concentration
Sample Spike Recovery (70%-130%)
Test Results CO
Sample Spike MDC
Crusoe Energy - Duchesne Data Center; Engine GE-1361 Stack Test Date 11/14/23, Reviewed 01/19/24 by Robert Sirrine
Analyte/Spike %Recovery, Error & Drift
System Zero Background Check Pretest
Test Results NOx
Test Parameters Generator #1
Test Results VOC
Test Results HCOH
Run NOx ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 7.226 0.44 2.08 0.03 0.00000 0.16321 0.03254
2 6.347 0.43 1.83 0.02 0.00000 0.14082 0.02777
3 6.825 0.38 1.96 0.03 0.00000 0.14673 0.02926
AVG 6.799 0.42 1.96 0.03 0.00000 0.15025 0.02986
Run CO ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 29.219 0.44 8.43 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.40177 0.08010
2 29.214 0.43 8.42 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.39459 0.07782
3 31.492 0.38 9.05 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.41218 0.08218
AVG 29.975 0.42 8.63 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.4028 0.08003
Run VOC ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 0.97 0.44 0.28 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02096 0.00418
2 1.08 0.43 0.31 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02292 0.00452
3 1.06 0.38 0.30 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02180 0.00435
AVG 1.03 0.42 0.30 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0219 0.00435
Run HCOH ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 0.44 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
2 0.43 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
3 0.38 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
AVG #DIV/0! 0.42 0.0000 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
Operating Parameter R1 R2 R3 AVG.
Engine Load % 91.00 92.00 91.00 91.33
Fuel Feed Rate (SCF/hr): #DIV/0!
F-Factor; #DIV/0!
Engine HP 2275.00 2300.00 2275.00 2283.33
BSFC (BTU/BHP-hr): #DIV/0!
Q Stack dscf/hr 189070.97 185723.75 179970.58 184921.77
HHV #DIV/0!
Ambient Temperature (F): #DIV/0!
Analyte High Recovery +- 10% Gas Value System Response % Recovery Pre Direct Response % Recovery Post System Reponse % Recovery
NOx #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO2 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO 247.60 250.89 101.33 251.93 101.75 251.60 101.62
CO 496.50 493.11 99.32 489.57 98.60 495.62 99.82
Ethylene (CTS) 99.93 98.03 98.10 100.42 100.49 97.32 97.39
Oxygen 9.16 9.01 98.36 9.11 99.45 9.04 98.69
SF6 9.76 9.63 98.71 9.67 99.11 9.67 99.07
Propane 250.20 248.83 99.45 249.91 99.88 249.57 99.75
Baseline PretestBaseline R1 Baseline R2 Baseline R3 Baseline Value
NOx 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
NO2 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
NO 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
CO 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
VOC 0.0700 0.1100 0.180
Oxygen 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
Analyte Cal Gas Value Stack gas measured Stack + Spike measured Spike % Recovery Dilution Factor +=10% Spike Value
SF6 run 1 9.76 0.0000 0.76 99.07 0.079 0.77
SF6 run 2 9.76 0.0000 0.74 99.10 0.076 0.74
SF6 run 3 9.76 0.0000 0.76 99.18 0.078 0.76
Propane spike run 1 250.20 0.0090 18.60 94.66 0.079 19.64
Propane spike run 2 250.20 0.0000 18.19 95.29 0.076 19.09
Propane spike run 3 250.20 0.0000 18.95 97.11 0.078 19.52

Analyte CO NO NO2 Form CO2 VOC VOC's Propane
MDC 0.1627 0.4007 0.4899 0.7878 0.0000 1.8520
Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)
Spiked amout should be < 10% of the Certified gas concentration. The DF should be < 0.100
Spiked amout should be +-50% of the Stack analyte gas concentration
Sample Spike Recovery (70%-130%)
Test Results CO
Sample Spike MDC
Crusoe Energy - Duchesne Data Center; Engine GE-1362 Stack Test Date 11/13/23, Reviewed 01/19/24 by Robert Sirrine
Analyte/Spike %Recovery, Error & Drift
System Zero Background Check Pretest
Test Results NOx
Test Parameters Generator #1
Test Results VOC
Test Results HCOH
Run NOx ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 7.352 3.60 2.51 0.03 0.00000 0.15395 0.03003
2 8.943 0.28 2.56 0.04 0.00000 0.17470 0.03408
3 5.882 0.46 1.70 0.02 0.00000 0.11268 0.02222
AVG 7.392 1.45 2.25 0.03 0.00000 0.14711 0.02878
Run CO ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 45.705 3.60 15.59 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.58262 0.11366
2 59.744 0.28 17.09 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.71048 0.13861
3 70.896 0.46 20.46 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.82677 0.16305
AVG 58.782 1.45 17.72 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.7066 0.13844
Run VOC ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 1.20 3.60 0.41 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02402 0.00469
2 1.57 0.28 0.45 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02930 0.00572
3 1.47 0.46 0.43 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02705 0.00533
AVG 1.41 1.45 0.43 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0268 0.0052
Run HCOH ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
2 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
3 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
AVG #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.0000 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
Operating Parameter R1 R2 R3 AVG.
Engine Load % 93.00 93.00 92.00 92.67
Fuel Feed Rate (SCF/hr): #DIV/0!
F-Factor; #DIV/0!
Engine HP 2325.00 2325.00 2300.00 2316.67
BSFC (BTU/BHP-hr): #DIV/0!
Q Stack dscf/hr 175282.76 163522.13 160354.73 166386.54
HHV #DIV/0!
Ambient Temperature (F): #DIV/0!
Analyte High Recovery +- 10% Gas Value System Response % Recovery Pre Direct Response % Recovery Post System Reponse % Recovery
NOx #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO2 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO 247.60 251.51 101.58 251.56 101.60 250.62 101.22
CO 496.50 492.90 99.27 495.09 99.72 492.71 99.24
Ethylene (CTS) 99.93 104.65 104.72 99.21 99.28 103.26 103.33
Oxygen 9.16 8.84 96.51 9.04 98.69 8.87 96.83
SF6 9.76 9.70 99.39 9.69 99.32 9.68 99.19
Propane 250.20 249.99 99.92 250.65 100.18 249.76 99.82
Baseline PretestBaseline R1 Baseline R2 Baseline R3
NOx 0.5000 0.4900 0.530
NO2 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
NO 0.5000 0.4900 0.530
CO 0.0900 0.0000 0.000
VOC 0.5400 0.1900 0.370
Oxygen 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
Analyte Cal Gas Value Stack gas measured Stack + Spike measured Spike % Recovery Dilution Factor +=10% Spike Value
SF6 run 1 9.76 0.0010 0.78 99.19 0.081 0.79
SF6 run 2 9.76 0.0000 0.79 99.33 0.081 0.79
SF6 run 3 9.76 0.0000 0.76 99.33 0.079 0.77
Propane spike run 1 250.20 0.0740 19.27 95.25 0.081 20.16
Propane spike run 2 250.20 0.0000 19.16 94.47 0.081 20.29
Propane spike run 3 250.20 0.0210 18.67 94.56 0.079 19.72

Analyte CO NO NO2 Form CO2 VOC
MDC 0.1627 0.4007 0.4899 0.7878 0.0000 1.8520
Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)
Spiked amout should be < 10% of the Certified gas concentration. The DF should be < 0.100
Spiked amout should be +-50% of the Stack analyte gas concentration
Sample Spike Recovery (70%-130%)
Test Results CO
Sample Spike MDC
Crusoe Energy - Duchesne Data Center; Engine GE-1363 Stack Test Date 11/20/23, Reviewed by Robert Sirrine 01/17/24
Analyte/Spike %Recovery, Error & Drift
System Zero Background Check Pretest
Test Results NOx
Test Parameters Generator #1
Test Results VOC
Test Results HCOH
Run NOx ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 2.558 0.27 0.73 0.01 0.00000 0.04805 0.00991
2 3.524 0.29 1.01 0.01 0.00000 0.06685 0.01363
3 6.104 0.16 1.74 0.03 0.00000 0.10786 0.02199
AVG 4.062 0.24 1.16 0.02 0.00000 0.07425 0.01517
Run CO ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 40.276 0.27 11.52 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.46054 0.09495
2 42.734 0.29 12.23 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.49355 0.10062
3 46.260 0.16 13.16 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.49762 0.10145
AVG 43.090 0.24 12.30 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.4839 0.09900
Run VOC ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 1.23 0.27 0.35 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02214 0.00457
2 1.29 0.29 0.37 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02346 0.00478
3 1.71 0.16 0.49 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02896 0.00590
AVG 1.41 0.24 0.40 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0249 0.00508
Run HCOH ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
2 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
3 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
AVG #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.0000 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
Operating Parameter R1 R2 R3 AVG.
Engine Load % 88.00 89.00 89.00 88.67
Fuel Feed Rate (SCF/hr): #DIV/0!
F-Factor; #DIV/0!
Engine HP 2200.00 2225.00 2225.00 2216.67
BSFC (BTU/BHP-hr): #DIV/0!
Q Stack dscf/hr 157229.88 158808.47 147913.95 154650.77
HHV #DIV/0!
Ambient Temperature (F): #DIV/0!
Analyte High Recovery +- 10% Gas Value System Response % Recovery Pre Direct Response % Recovery Post System Reponse % Recovery
NOx #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO2 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO 247.60 251.36 101.52 248.98 100.56 253.47 102.37
CO 496.50 495.68 99.83 503.81 101.47 500.67 100.84
Ethylene (CTS) 99.93 99.48 99.55 99.27 99.34 101.44 101.51
Oxygen 9.16 9.05 98.80 9.24 100.87 9.20 100.44
SF6 9.76 9.81 100.51 9.72 99.61 9.90 101.38
Propane 250.20 252.93 101.09 251.11 100.36 255.39 102.07
Baseline PretestBaseline R1 Baseline R2 Baseline R3
NOx 0.7500 0.6700 0.700
NO2 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
NO 0.7500 0.6700 0.700
CO 0.3100 0.0000 0.000
VOC 0.3900 0.1400 0.160
Oxygen 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
Analyte Cal Gas Value Stack gas measured Stack + Spike measured Spike % Recovery Dilution Factor +=10% Spike Value
SF6 run 1 9.76 0.0030 0.78 99.25 0.0797 0.78
SF6 run 2 9.76 0.0040 0.78 99.14 0.0801 0.78
SF6 run 3 9.76 0.0020 0.77 99.34 0.0789 0.77
Propane spike run 1 250.20 0.0190 19.07 95.53 0.0797 19.94
Propane spike run 2 250.20 0.0000 19.47 97.16 0.0801 20.04
Propane spike run 3 250.20 0.0000 19.14 96.94 0.0789 19.74

Analyte CO NO NO2 Form CO2 VOC
MDC 0.1627 0.4007 0.4899 0.7878 0.0000 1.8520
Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)
Crusoe Energy - Duchesne Data Center; Engine GE-1364 Stack Test Date 11/16/23, Reviewed 01/18/24 by Robert Sirrine
Analyte/Spike %Recovery, Error & Drift
System Zero Background Check Pretest
Test Results NOx
Test Parameters Generator #1
Test Results VOC
Test Results HCOH
Spiked amout should be < 10% of the Certified gas concentration. The DF should be < 0.100
Spiked amout should be +-50% of the Stack analyte gas concentration
Sample Spike Recovery (70%-130%)
Test Results CO
Sample Spike MDC
Run NOx ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 4.466 0.10 1.27 0.02 0.00000 0.08764 0.01767
2 2.916 0.09 0.83 0.01 0.00000 0.05819 0.01186
3 2.620 0.09 0.74 0.01 0.00000 0.05410 0.01091
AVG 3.334 0.09 0.95 0.01 0.00000 0.06664 0.01348
Run CO ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 11.164 0.10 3.17 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.13337 0.02689
2 5.856 0.09 1.66 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.07114 0.01450
3 3.886 0.09 1.10 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.04885 0.00985
AVG 6.969 0.09 1.98 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0845 0.01708
Run VOC ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 1.00 0.10 0.28 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.01875 0.00378
2 1.00 0.09 0.28 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.01915 0.00390
3 1.08 0.09 0.31 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.02132 0.00430
AVG 1.03 0.09 0.29 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0197 0.00399
Run HCOH ppm %O2 PPM @ 15% O2 PPM @ ISO lb/MMBtu lb/hr g/hp-hr
1 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
2 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
3 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
AVG #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.0000 #DIV/0! 0.00000 0.0000 0.00000
Operating Parameter R1 R2 R3 AVG.
Engine Load % 90.00 89.00 90.00 89.67
Fuel Feed Rate (SCF/hr): #DIV/0!
F-Factor; #DIV/0!
Engine HP 2250.00 2225.00 2250.00 2241.67
BSFC (BTU/BHP-hr): #DIV/0!
Q Stack dscf/hr 164271.30 167037.19 172860.07 168056.19
HHV #DIV/0!
Ambient Temperature (F): #DIV/0!
Analyte High Recovery +- 10% Gas Value System Response % Recovery Pre Direct Response % Recovery Post System Reponse % Recovery
NOx #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO2 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
NO 247.60 250.37 101.12 246.28 99.47 251.23 101.46
CO 496.50 504.25 101.56 495.00 99.70 505.02 101.72
Ethylene (CTS) 99.93 98.06 98.13 99.41 99.48 99.05 99.12
Oxygen 9.16 9.07 99.02 9.10 99.34 9.12 99.56
SF6 9.76 9.88 101.23 9.80 100.45 9.69 99.23
Propane 250.20 248.66 99.38 247.81 99.04 249.48 99.71
Baseline PretestBaseline R1 Baseline R2 Baseline R3
NOx 0.5500 0.3200 0.430
NO2 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
NO 0.5500 0.3200 0.430
CO 0.2900 0.0000 0.000
VOC 0.2100 0.0800 0.050
Oxygen 0.0000 0.0000 0.000
Analyte Cal Gas Value Stack gas measured Stack + Spike measured Spike % Recovery Dilution Factor +=10% Spike Value
SF6 run 1 9.76 0.0020 0.78 100.19 0.079 0.77
SF6 run 2 9.76 0.0010 0.78 100.32 0.079 0.77
SF6 run 3 9.76 0.0010 0.75 100.31 0.077 0.75
Propane spike run 1 250.20 0.0000 18.94 95.64 0.079 19.80
Propane spike run 2 250.20 0.0000 18.90 95.44 0.079 19.80
Propane spike run 3 250.20 0.0000 18.36 95.39 0.077 19.24

Analyte CO NO NO2 Form CO2 VOC
MDC 0.1627 0.4007 0.4899 0.7878 0.0000 1.8520
Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS)
Crusoe Energy - Duchesne Data Center; Engine GE-1365 Stack Test Date 11/21/23, Reviewed by Robert Sirrine on 01/17/24
Analyte/Spike %Recovery, Error & Drift
System Zero Background Check Pretest
Test Results NOx
Test Parameters Generator #1
Test Results VOC
Test Results HCOH
Spiked amout should be < 10% of the Certified gas concentration. The DF should be < 0.100
Spiked amout should be +-50% of the Stack analyte gas concentration
Sample Spike Recovery (70%-130%)
Test Results CO
Sample Spike MDC ppmdv