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Home My WebLink AboutDERR-2024-007470 SITE INVESTIGATION ANALYTICAL RESULTS REPORT Maple Street Plume Salt Lake County, Utah UTN000820949 May 2020 ANALYTICAL RESULTS REPORT Maple Street Plume Salt Lake County, Utah UTN000820949 Utah Department of Environmental Quality Division of Environmental Response and Remediation Prepared by: W. Patrick Frier Approved: Date: _________ W. Patrick Frier, Project Manager Approved: Date: _________ Thomas Daniels, Site Assessment Section Manager Approved: Date: _________ Ryan Dunham, Site Assessment Manager, EPA Region 8 W. Patrick Frier (Jun 24, 2020 13:31 MDT) W. Patrick Frier ? E • A C • A ? A ? 06/24/2020 Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 ii Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 2.0 OBJECTIVES 1 3.0 SITE DESCRIPTION 1 3.1 Site Location and Description 1 3.2 Site History and Previous Work 2 4.0 FIELD ACTIVITIES 3 5.0 DEVIATIONS FROM THE WORK PLAN 3 6.0 WASTE/SOURCE CHARACTERISTICS 4 6.1 Waste/Source Properties 4 6.2 Waste/Source Sample Locations 4 6.3 Waste/Source Data Assessment 4 7.0 GROUNDWATER PATHWAY 5 7.1 Hydrogeology 5 7.2 Groundwater Targets and Conclusions 6 8.0 SURFACE WATER PATHWAY 7 9.0 SOIL EXPOSURE PATHWAY 7 9.1 Geology Background 7 9.2 Soil Background 8 9.3 Soil Targets and Conclusions 8 10.0 SOIL VAPOR / SUBSURFACE INTRUSION PATHWAY 8 10.1 Soil Vapor Background 8 10.2 Soil Vapor Targets 9 10.3 Soil Gas Sample Locations 9 10.4 Analytical Results 9 10.5 Soil Gas Conclusions 10 11.0 AIR PATHWAY 11 11.1 Meteorology and Air Pathway Background 11 11.2 Air Pathway Targets and Conclusions 11 12.0 DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES AND ASSESSMENT 12 13.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 12 14.0 REFERENCES 13 Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 iii LIST OF FIGURES, TABLES, AND APPENDICES FIGURES Figure 1 Site Location Map Figure 2 Site Sample Locations TABLES Table 1 Sample Locations, Descriptions, and Rationale Table 2 Sample Analyses Checklist Table 3 Soil Gas – Summary of Volatile Organic Compound Concentrations Table 4 Data Quality Objectives APPENDICES Appendix A Field Activities Report Appendix B Consent For Access To Property Form Appendix C Weston Solutions Maple Street Plume Trip Report and Data Validation Reports Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION Under authority of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980, the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986, in accordance with the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP), and through a Cooperative Agreement with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8 (EPA), the Utah Department of Environmental Quality (UDEQ), Division of Environmental Response and Remediation (DERR) has prepared this Site Inspection (SI) Analytical Results Report (ARR) for the Maple Street Plume, UTN000820949, (herein referred to as the “Site”) in Midvale, Salt Lake County, Utah. The sampling and analytical procedures described herein were designed to provide information on the presence of hazardous materials that may pose a threat to human or environmental health at the Site. This investigation was initiated because a chlorinated solvent, tetrachloroethene (PCE), was discovered during routine water quality monitoring of a municipal well. Through the course of this work, PCE and trichloroethene (TCE) were both identified in soil gas samples. These substances are nervous system depressants and were found in concentrations which exceed their respective EPA benchmark concentrations. Both substances are known to have deleterious effects on human and environmental health. The purpose of this document is to present new data, summarize pertinent results from previous studies, identify potentially hazardous conditions, describe data gaps, and determine the most appropriate next steps that can be taken to protect human and environmental health at the Site. 2.0 OBJECTIVES The primary objective of the sampling performed at the Site was to determine the source and extent of contamination that could pose a threat to human health and the environment. The findings contained herein serve as a record of hazardous materials identified within samples from the Site and provide a basis upon which to determine the appropriateness of continued management under CERCLA or including it within another cleanup program or authority. This report presents new data from six soil gas samples along with limited groundwater data from previous investigations. The objectives of the sampling associated with this SI were to: • Identify the concentration of chlorinated solvents in all suspected source areas; • Assess potential contaminant migration pathways; • Assess potential exposure pathways; • Identify potential targets that may be affected by on-Site contamination and those which may be impacted by the migration of that contamination via suspected pathways; • Provide a basis for future indoor air sampling near suspected source areas; and, • Determine if continued assessment under CERCLA or some other authority is warranted. 3.0 SITE DESCRIPTION 3.1 Site Location and Description The Maple Street Plume Site is located in Midvale, Salt Lake County, Utah. The municipal well where contaminants were first identified is located at 7610 South Maple Street, immediately east Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 2 of a Utah Transit Authority Rail Line and south of a cul de sac and homes at the end of Blisswood Drive (Figure 1 and 2). Access to the municipal well site is provided along an abandoned roadway (Park Street) where it intersects Maple Street, directly south of a church yard. The two wells at that location are referred to as the Park Street (Cold) Well and Park Street (Warm) Well in reference to the abandoned roadway. The surrounding area contains mixed residential and commercial real estate, including five historic and current laundry or dry-cleaning facilities (Figure 2). Such facilities are significant because they regularly utilize chlorinated solvents in their work, making them important analysis sites for understanding the source and distribution of contaminants. 3.2 Site History and Previous Work Contamination was first recognized at the Site in 2010, when regular groundwater sampling from the Park Street (Cold) Well identified PCE at a concentration of 1.7 µg/L. PCE was not detected in groundwater samples taken from the second well at the same location; however, both wells were abandoned in 2013 due to average uranium concentrations (43 µg/L) in excess of the drinking water Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 30 µg/L (Utah Division of Drinking Water 2019; Hoyle 2018). Uranium can occur in drinking water naturally due to its occasional presence in aquifer sediments; however, PCE is not naturally occurring and is most often introduced to the environment through its use as a solvent in industrial processes, particularly dry cleaning. Water quality testing continued to identify trace amounts of PCE until the well was abandoned in 2013, but always at concentrations below the MCL for PCE (5 µg/L). These limited data are the only direct record of groundwater contamination at the Site. Further groundwater testing via these wells is not possible because they were permanently abandoned and are no longer operable (Utah Division of Drinking Water, 2019; Hoyle 2018). A Preliminary Assessment (PA) completed in January 2019 identified five laundry and/or dry- cleaning facilities that might have used chlorinated solvents as part of their operations (Taylor, 2019). One of these dry-cleaning locations (Harv’s Cleaners) was misidentified and not recognized at its proper location until after sampling was complete. Harv’s Cleaners operated from 1958 to 1974 at 804 East Center Street (R.L. Polk and Company, 1960; Salt Lake County Auditor, 1998). The address of Harv’s Cleaners changed in 1998 not because they moved locations but because of a change in the naming nomenclature for the streets in that area. Because of this, Harv’s Cleaners was not properly identified in the PA and not incorporated into the sampling procedure for this SI. Conversely, the PA falsely identified a separate potential contaminant source, Rex Fine Cleaners, as being within the area of the Site. Upon proper identification of its location due to the change in street nomenclature, Rex Fine Cleaners was found to have operated far to the west and outside the pertinent area. This particular change was identified prior to establishing the work plan and the false Rex Cleaners location was not included in sampling for this SI. The following potential contaminant sources identified in the PA were investigated as part of this SI (Figure 2): • Day-Nite Laundercenter located at 7692 South Maple Street (formerly 29 Maple Street), White Raven Tattoo currently operates from this location. Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 3 • One-Hour Martinizing located at 118 West Center Street. The business name has changed to Fashion Cleaners, but still operates as a dr y cleaner. • Matt’s Cleaners located at 7565 South State Street. Just A Car Lot, a used car sale company, currently operates at this location. • Norge Dry Cleaning Village located at 7615 South State Street. J and J Tire currently operates from this location. 4.0 FIELD ACTIVITIES All field activities (Appendix A) and preliminary work was either conducted by or coordinated by N. Taylor, retired UDEQ Project Manager. A “Consent for Access to Property” form was signed by the respective property owners prior to sample collection (example form in Appendix B). Samples were collected from the potential source areas where property owners allowed access. (Tables 1 and 2; Figure 2). The owner of Just A Car Lot, the former site of Matt’s Cleaners, initially granted but then revoked property access prior to sampling. That location was therefore not included in field work or analysis. Weston Solutions Inc., an environmental services firm, collected the samples and operated the direct-push well drilling equipment. Boreholes were installed to a depth of six feet below ground surface (bgs) using a Geoprobe® with steel push rods. Soil gas samples were collected using SUMMA® Canisters. Purified air was also placed within a SUMMA® Canister and carried with the sample team. This sample (Trip Blank-01) was submitted along with the other samples for laboratory analysis. Another borehole was drilled to a depth of 25 feet bgs at 7615 South State Street in an attempt to access shallow groundwater. This borehole failed to achieve a sufficient depth to access the groundwater, which is generally consistent with drilling information on file with the Utah Division of Water Rights that estimated the local shallow groundwater to be at a depth of 30-70 feet bgs (Butterfield, 1955; Jenkins, 1996; Comer, 1961). 5.0 DEVIATIONS FROM THE WORK PLAN Unforeseen circumstances led to several significant deviations from the September 2019 EPA- approved SI Work Plan. These changes resulted in the collection and analysis of eight fewer samples. Changes to the Work Plan include: • Samples MS-01 and MS-02 were not collected from 7565 South State Street (Just A Car Lot, formerly Matt’s Cleaners) because the property owner withdrew access to the site prior to field work. • Background soil gas sample MS-10 was not collected because the utilities were not marked prior to the sampling date. • MS-06 and MS-11 were collected from an unplanned location at the southeast corner of the J and J Tire parking lot. These samples were moved to a location about 60 feet southeast of the J and J Tire backdoor and used as replacement background samples. • None of the five planned groundwater samples were collected because drilling did not achieve a sufficient depth to access groundwater. Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 4 These changes to the work plan did alter the ability of this SI to sufficiently describe conditions at the Site. The potential source area at 7565 South State Street was not evaluated because the property owner chose to deny sampling access. The samples that were collected successfully allow for assessment of three other potential source areas, the historic or current locations of Norge Laundry, Day-Nite Laundercenter, and Fashion Cleaners. That being said, a separate potential source area, the historic location of Harv’s Cleaners, was also not characterized because it was not identified until after sampling was complete (section 3.2). The final result of these conditions is that two of the five potential source areas remain uncharacterized by this SI. Finally, no direct soil or indoor air samples were collected as part of this SI. Thus no conclusions can be drawn from the concentration of contaminants in soil/sediment or indoor air. 6.0 WASTE/SOURCE CHARACTERISTICS 6.1 Waste/Source Properties PCE was measured at a concentration of 1.7 μg/L in groundwater from the Park Street (Cold) Well. Because PCE is widely used in dry cleaning and degreasing operations, the source of this contamination is likely from one or more laundry/dry cleaning facilities near the Site. PCE is more dense and less viscous than water (Schwille, 1988), which allows it to sink in groundwater and flow through rock or sediments that would normally impede fluid flow. As such, PCE can cross aquifer boundaries and contaminate groundwater across those boundaries. Furthermore, its insolubility in water makes PCE very difficult to remove from the groundwater system (Pankow and Cherry, 1996). Physiologically, PCE is a nervous system depressant. Exposure to vaporous PCE can result in dizziness, headaches, nausea, unconsciousness, and death. Prolonged exposure can cause liver and kidney damage. Tests on animals exposed to PCE show increased rates of tumor production and pregnancy complications (ATSDR, n.d.). 6.2 Waste/Source Sample Locations Soil-gas samples were collected from the following potential source locations, • Adjacent to the building located at 7615 South State Street (MS-03, MS-06, and MS-11). This is the prior location of Norge Laundry and Dry Cleaning Village. J and J Tire currently operates from this property. MS-06 and MS-11 were taken from the far southeast corner of the lot and used as background samples. • On the north and south side of 7692 South Maple Street (MS-04 and MS-05), which was the prior location of the Day-Nite Laundercenter. White Raven Tattoo now operates here. • On the property of Fashion Cleaners (formerly One-Hour Martinizing) located at 118 West Center (MS-09). 6.3 Waste/Source Data Assessment Pertinent EPA guidance indicates that analytical results from field samples should be compared to those from background samples in order to determine “observed contamination” in soils or an Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 5 “observed release” in other media. Samples are identified as contaminated if they significantly exceed background concentrations. This determination is made using two criteria: • If a substance is not detected in the background sample, the concentration of the substance in the sample must equal or exceed the sample quantitation limit (SQL), the lowest concentration at which an analyte is both proven present and measured reliably; or • If the background sample concentration equals or exceeds the detection limit, the sample must exceed the background concentration by at least three times (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1990). In this SI, if an analyte was shown to be present using either of the above criteria the results for that sample were then compared to the EPA Vapor Intrusion Screening Level (VISL) benchmark values for near-source and/or sub-slab air and the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) Subsurface Intrusion Component benchmark values. VISL benchmark concentrations were determined using default settings (target cancer risk level of one per million [10-6] and a target hazarded quotient of 1.0 for non-cancer effects) within the EPA VISL Calculator (https://www.epa.gov/vaporintrusion/visl-users-guide). Those VISL calculation settings were used to generate both the residential and industrial/commercial VISL benchmarks, which are used based on the pattern of use at the property in question. These benchmarks were chosen to provide a simple yet distinctly conservative and preliminary point of comparison. This allows for direct comparison of contaminant concentrations to both their residential and commercial VISL concentrations specifically designed for near-source and/or sub-slab soil gas. SCDM reference values were determined by querying the EPA’s SCDM online reference system (https://www.epa.gov/superfund/superfund-chemical-data-matrix-scdm-query). Two different values that relate to different toxicological affects are given from the SCDM, the Cancer Risk (CR) and Non-cancer Risk (NCR) benchmarks for the Subsurface Intrusion Component (SsI). Both the VISL and SCDM SsI benchmarks are applicable to soil-gas samples, but exceeding a given benchmark does not constitute a confirmed threat to indoor air or human health. Rather, exceeding a benchmark is an indication that that sampling location might warrant further consideration alongside other site-specific factors. Table 3 provides a summary of all soil gas samples and highlights those which meet the above criteria and exceed any of these benchmark values. These data are presented alongside the reference VISL and SCDM values for each analyte. 7.0 GROUNDWATER PATHWAY 7.1 Hydrogeology The Park Street (Cold) Well was drilled in 1961 for Midvale City Public Utilities. It is a 16-inch diameter well that produced a flow of 6.67 cubic feet per second (cfs) before it was sealed in 2013. The well is 475 feet deep and drew water from three zones: [1] 150-200 feet bgs, [2] 253- 260 feet bgs, and [3] 305-315 feet bgs. The most shallow confining clay layer is located 200-253 feet bgs, meaning that the well drew a portion of its water from the most shallow aquifer (Utah Division of Water Rights, 1961). Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 6 The Park Street (Warm) Well is immediately adjacent to the Park Street (Cold) Well and also has a diameter of 16 inches. It was drilled in 1966 and, before being sealed in 2013, produced a flow of 0.61 cfs. This well was drilled to a significantly greater depth than the first (782 feet) and only produced water from depths below the confining clay layer (Utah Division of Water Rights, 1961; Hoyle, 2018; Utah Division of Drinking Water, 2018). Both Park Street wells are located among alluvial basin sediments of the Salt Lake Valley, which consist of unconsolidated to semi-consolidated deposits of Tertiary to Quaternary age (Thiros, 2010). The groundwater system in these valley deposits includes both a shallow and deep aquifer, separated by discontinuous layers of fine-grained sediment. The deeper aquifer is generally unconfined in proximity to the mountains and becomes confined by these fine-grained deposits closer to the valley center. Groundwater generally moves laterally from the unconfined portion of the deep aquifer near the mountains to the confined zone near the valley center. Groundwater also moves from the overlying shallow aquifer to the deeper basin-fill aquifer in areas where the hydraulic gradient is downward and the confining layers are discontinuous or absent. However, the topographically lowest portions of the valley, especially those near the Jordan River, often have an upward hydraulic gradient and move water from the deeper aquifer to the shallower one. The boundary between these dynamics and the distinction between the two aquifers is unclear or understood only in general terms in many parts of the valley (Thiros, 2003; Thiros, 2010). The Park Street wells and the rest of the Site are located relatively close to the Jordan River near the center of the valley, where confining clay layers are common yet discontinuous and shallow groundwater is locally present beginning 30 - 70 feet bgs (Hoyle, 2018; Utah Division of Drinking Water, 2018; Utah Division of Water Rights, 2018). Groundwater is presumed to flow westward toward the Jordan River. The shallow aquifer at the Site is likely recharged both by exchange from the deeper aquifer, where confining layers are discontinuous, and by precipitation, runoff, and seepage from irrigation/canals. Throughout the valley, the shallow aquifer is less than 50 feet thick in most areas and is generally not used as a drinking water source because of poor yield, poor chemical quality, and the availability of other sources (Waddell, et al., 1987). Anthropogenic compounds (e.g. tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,1- trichloroethane, and chloroform) are known to be present in the shallow aquifer at various locations across the valley and could potentially travel into the deeper aquifer (Thiros, 2003). These regional trends are the only information available on groundwater dynamics at the Site because no nuanced Site-specific analysis exists. 7.2 Groundwater Targets and Conclusions The deeper aquifer is the primary water supply for the Salt Lake metropolitan area (Hely, Mower, and Harr, 1971); however, it has not been accessed at the Site since 2013 when the Park Street wells were permanently sealed (Utah Division of Drinking Water 2019; Hoyle 2018). Fifty-six wells owned and operated by eight public entities are located within the four miles of the Site. The Park Street wells, although sealed, are the closest down-gradient wells and are located about 800 feet north of the closest potential source (Day Nite Laundercenter). There are no active down-gradient wells within four miles. The nearest active well, oblique to the groundwater gradient, is the Murray City 7th West #7 well located 1.3 miles northwest of the Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 7 Site. No chlorinated solvents have been detected in that well. There are 5,087 Points of Diversion (PODs) within a four-mile radius of the Site (Utah Division of Water Rights, 2019). This SI was originally initiated because PCE was directly identified in groundwater from the Site; however, no new groundwater data was generated through this investigation because drilling did not achieve a sufficient depth and the original wells have been abandoned. Because the on-Site wells were sealed for other reasons, there are no active down-gradient drinking water wells located within four miles of the Site. Because of this, exposure directly through the groundwater pathway is unlikely. However, the ability of PCE to cross aquifer boundaries (section 6.1) and the discontinuous nature of the confining layer between the shallow and deep aquifers (section 7.1) mean that there is at least some possibility of contamination traveling through groundwater to locations away from the Site. Exchange of contaminants into the deeper aquifer at this location is unlikely if the hydraulic gradient between the deep and shallow aquifers is indeed upward as assumed (section 7.1). Because that assumption is based on regional trends and no further groundwater data are available, the potential for migration via groundwater cannot be definitively ruled out. Groundwater is an unlikely exposure pathway at the Site, but could serve as a migration pathway. 8.0 SURFACE WATER PATHWAY The Site is located near the center of the Salt Lake Valley at an elevation of ~4,380 feet above sea level (Davis, 2000). The valley is approximately 28 mi x 18 mi and bound almost entirely by mountains, except on its north end where both surface water and groundwater drain into the Great Salt Lake. The Site is located within relative proximity of the Jordan River, the major through-going river that forms the primary drainage in the valley, but it is not located in any recognized flood prone area. Surface water at the Site flows ~1.5 miles westward toward the river, which then flows ~24 miles north and drains into the Great Salt Lake (Hely, Mower, and Harr, 1971; Google Imagery, 2019). The Site is largely developed and paved over by concrete and other impermeable surfaces that are conducive to rapid overland flow during rain events. These areas are discontinuously fragmented by lawns, green spaces, and undeveloped lots where surface water can infiltrate the ground surface and recharge the shallow aquifer. Surface water flow at the Site is heavily controlled by engineered surfaces including storm drains and culverts, which give surface water a very brief residence time at the Site. No surface water samples were analyzed as part of this SI. It is unlikely that surface water provides a migration and exposure pathway at the Site because no permanent bodies of water exist there and transient surface water is unlikely to interact with contaminate sources. 9.0 SOIL EXPOSURE PATHWAY 9.1 Geology Background The Site is located west of the Wasatch Range near the center of the Salt Lake Valley and overlies various Quaternary lacustrine deposits, including Bonneville Lake Cycle Deposits of the late Pleistocene (Davis, 2000). At the Site, these deposits include brown to gray calcareous laminated silt and sandy silt with isolated pebbles, cobbles, and minor lenses of sand and gravel, Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 8 which may have been deposited as dropstones and turbidity flows (Davis, 2000). The thickness of this unit is quite variable, ranging from ~1 to ~39 feet thick and it is underlain by pre-Lake Bonneville deposits of clay, silt, sand, and gravel of mixed fluvial and lacustrine origin. These older underlying deposits vary between 500 and 800 feet thick and are themselves underlain by various Tertiary age sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Salt Lake Formation (Davis, 2000). 9.2 Soil Background Soils at the site formed on top of the Quaternary lacustrine deposits, but are heavily reworked by anthropogenic activity (infrastructure installation, building, paving, ect.). Based on generalized regional soil maps surface soils at the site are generally loams that developed on very gentle slopes (0-4%) and are well drained (NRCS, 2019). The surface soil horizon on Site includes an approximately 0-6 inch deep plow layer above the rest of the A horizon, which extends to as much as 15 inches depth. Below this horizon is a Bt layer (~15-26 inches) of translocated clays and a Bk horizon (~26-33 inches) of accumulated calcium carbonate leached from the upper horizons (NRCS, 2019). The upper portions of the C horizon also shows the accumulation of translocated calcium (CBk horizon; 33- 48 inches) before giving way to stratified fine sand and silty clay loam to a depth of 60 inches (NRCS, 2019). 9.3 Soil Targets and Conclusions The municipal well where PCE was first identified is located within a few yards of residential areas (Figure 2), including backyards and probable family gathering spaces. As a relatively densely populated area, approximately 14,354 people live within one mile of the Site (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). Contaminants could be present within on-Site soils at hazardous levels, especially near suspected source areas. It is likely that many areas of concern are beneath pavement or asphalt, which would partition contaminants away from potential exposure to humans, but this SI did not generate any new soil specific data that provide a basis upon which to make that determination. While the potential for exposure through soil ingestion or direct dermal contact is presumed to be low, this SI does not provide additional data or evidence of that. Nor is any information available on the variability of soil contamination either spatially or with depth. Direct soil data from the Site would support a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of soil targets and the distribution of contaminants. 10.0 SOIL VAPOR / SUBSURFACE INTRUSION PATHWAY 10.1 Soil Vapor Background Contaminants within soils or groundwater, especially volatile organic compounds, can manifest as vapor in the interstitial spaces between sediment grains and amongst soil particles. These volatile compounds can then migrate through soils and building materials, potentially affecting indoor air quality and exposing individuals who live and work in the vicinity to dangerous chemicals in the air that they breathe. PCE is one such volatile compound and it was present in groundwater from the Park Street (Cold) Well at the Site during testing from 2010 – 2013 (Hoyle, 2018; Utah Division of Drinking Water, 2018). Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 9 10.2 Soil Vapor Targets Because the definitive source of the PCE found in the on-Site well is unknown all individuals and resources in relative proximity to the historic and current laundry facilities nearby could potentially be exposed to contaminants by the intrusion of harmful vapors from the soil or groundwater into buildings. Approximately 80 homes are located between the five potential contaminant sources (section 6.0) and the contaminated well. Several homes and businesses are directly adjacent to these potentially contaminated locations, which could expose humans to harmful conditions. Five potential contaminant sources are currently known to exist (section 6.0). All homes and businesses near these locations are potential targets and could experience vapor intrusion. 10.3 Soil Gas Sample Locations No indoor air samples were collected through this SI; however, soil gas samples were collected from three of the five potential source areas (section 6.2) in order to directly measure the concentration of harmful materials in soil vapor at the Site (Figure 2). These samples are meant to provide data on the presence of harmful materials and be used as a foundation for subsequent testing. Soil gas samples were collected from the following locations (section 6.2): • At the J and J Tire lot located at 7615 South State Street (MS-03, MS-06, and MS-11). • On the southwest and southeast corners of White Raven Tattoo located at 7692 South Maple Street (MS-04 and MS-05). • At the site of Fashion Cleaners located at 118 West Center (MS-09). 10.4 Analytical Results Each soil gas sample was analyzed for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in order to determine whether dangerous conditions are present and to provide a basis for further testing. PCE was the primary contaminant of concern in this study, but it was not the only contaminant identified in the samples. PCE concentrations ranged from non-detect (SQL = 1 µg/m3) in the White Raven Tattoo Samples to 303 µg/m3 in the J and J Tire samples (Table 3). Recall that both the SCDM and VISL benchmark values are general points of comparison and that exceeding a benchmark in reference to near-source soil gas does not constitute a confirmed threat to indoor air. Indoor air itself was not analyzed, but comparing soil gas samples to such benchmarks helps to place the concentrations into context. If concentrations in excess of benchmarks were identified with indoor air itself that would warrant a different level of consideration. The results include the following (Table 3): • Background samples MS-06 and MS-11, taken from the southeast corner of the J and J Tire lot, showed PCE concentrations of 44.2 µg/m3 and 5.17 µg/m3 respectively. While these were low by comparison to some other samples and do not exceed the VISL reference values (PCE Residential VISL = 360 µg/m3; PCE Commercial VISL = 1570 µg/m3), the MS-06 sample does exceed SCDM benchmarks (SCDM PCE NCR = 41.7 µg/m3; SCDM PCE CR = 10.8 µg/m3). The presence of PCE in the background samples is significant and indicates the potential for greater contaminant distribution than originally assumed. Lower PCE concentrations would likely have Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 10 been found in the originally planned background sample location (section 5.0). This property is commercial, but directly adjacent to residential land. • Sample MS-03, taken from the center of the J and J Tire lot, showed a PCE concentration of 303 µg/m3. This is both greater than three times the background concentration and in excess of the SCDM benchmark values (SCDM PCE NCR = 41.7 µg/m3; SCDM PCE CR = 10.8 µg/m3). This concentration is less than the VISL benchmark (PCE Residential VISL = 360 µg/m3; PCE Commercial VISL = 1570 µg/m3). This site is commercial, but directly adjacent to residences. • Neither samples MS-04 nor MS-05, taken from the White Raven Tattoo parking lot, detected PCE in excess of the SQL (1 µg/m3). PCE was undetected in this location. • The Fashion Cleaners sample, MS-09, showed a PCE concentration of 262 µg/m3(PCE Residential VISL = 360 µg/m3; PCE Commercial VISL = 1570 µg/m3; SCDM PCE NCR = 41.7 µg/m3; SCDM PCE CR = 10.8 µg/m3). This value is both greater than three times the background concentration and in excess of the VISL Residential and both SCDM benchmarks. The property is commercial, but near a multi-unit residential building. • The Trip Blank detected PCE at a concentration marginally above the SQL, but lower than any benchmark or threshold value. The Trip Blank contained PCE at a concentration of 2 µg/m3. Although this is low, it could indicate some unknown cross contamination between samples or faulty practice in the field or laboratory process. • Trichlorethene (TCE; SCDM CR = 0.478 µg/m3; SCDM NCR = 2.09 µg/m3; VISL Commercial = 100 µg/m3; VISL Residential = 16 µg/m3) was identified at a concentration three times greater than the background in two samples, MS-03 (3.68 µg/m3) and MS-09 (13.10 µg/m3). These values exceed SCDM benchmarks. • MS-09 also contains cis-1,2-Dichloroethene at a concentration of 23.70 µg/m3. No benchmark value is established for this compound but it can cause hematological and hepatic affects in humans. It is occasionally used in industrial practices, but is primarily a byproduct of the production of other solvent compounds like vinyl chloride (ATSDR, n.d.). • Benzene was found at a maximum of 17.8 µg/m3 in MS-03 and exceeds at least one benchmark value in all samples, apart from the Trip Blank. • Trichlorofluoromethane (SCDM NRC = 1040 µg/m3) was found in samples MS-04 and MS-05 from White Raven Tattoo at 663 µg/m3 and 38.40 µg/m3 respectively. No VISL concentration exists for this compound. The source of this chemical is unknown, but it was historically used as a refrigerant. 10.5 Soil Gas Conclusions PCE concentrations at J and J Tire and Fashion Cleaners (Samples MS-03 and MS-09) exceed background values by three times and are above at least one relevant benchmark value. People living or working at these locations or in proximity to them could be at risk of vapor intrusion Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 11 into their homes or businesses, but indoor air sampling is needed to determine if that is the case. Two additional locations remain unknowns in regard to their soil gas concentrations, the former sites of Harv’s Cleaners and Matt’s Cleaners, which are now an abandoned property and a used car lot respectively. While the new data presented herein indicate that both J and J Tires and Fashion Cleaners have PCE present within soil gas, there remains no clear source for the PCE identified in the Park Street (Cold) Well. Both locations are nominally up gradient from the well site and may have contributed PCE to the well, but these cursory data do not provide enough evidence to definitively say that they are or are not the source, especially considering that two other potential sources of PCE in the area have not been analyzed at all. Two conclusions can be drawn from the data currently available: [1] PCE and TCE are present as soil vapor at the site in concentrations which could pose a potential threat to human and environmental health if vapor intrusion does occur, and [2] PCE is likely migrating through the subsurface from some combination of the sources outlined herein. These data do not provide enough information to definitively state precisely how PCE came to be present in the well, but they do suggest that there is at least some potential for vapor intrusion at nearby homes and businesses. 11.0 AIR PATHWAY 11.1 Meteorology and Air Pathway Background The Site is located in the Salt Lake Valley, which experiences meteorological phenomena heavily controlled by its physiographic position surrounded almost entirely by mountains. It has a semiarid environment with summer temperatures in excess of 100ºF and limited precipitation. The July average maximum and minimum temperatures at the Site are 92.8ºF and 58.5ºF. January average maximum and minimum temperatures are 38.3 ºF and 17.3 ºF with 14.73 inches of average annual precipitation (Western Climate Research Center, n.d.). The region is known for poor air quality, especially in winter, because stagnant aerosol laden air tends to rest over the valley. 11.2 Air Pathway Targets and Conclusions Certain contaminants under certain conditions can travel and affect people through the air. Volatile compounds, such as those identified herein, can have such an effect; however, the concentrations identified here were from samples at locations which are primarily paved over, which limits the rate at which contaminants enter the air. Residences are located near the Site, including eight homes within 800 feet of the contaminated well, five immediately southeast of J and J Tire, and a large apartment complex adjacent to Fashion Cleaners (Figure 2). Approximately 413,049 people live within four miles of the Site (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). The concentrations found herein are insufficient to affect people through general air exposure, except through intrusion directly into the confined space of buildings (section 9.0). No obvious airborne release of on Site waste is known to exist and outdoor air samples were not analyzed or collected as part of this SI. Exposure through the air pathway is unlikely. Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 12 12.0 DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES AND ASSESSMENT The Weston Solutions trip report (Appendix C) includes Level 4 data validation and laboratory analytical results for all samples collected. These data meet all quality objectives (Table 4) and were collected in accordance with methods outlined in the DERR Quality Assurance Program Plan for Environmental Data Operations (QAPP) of November 2018 and relevant EPA guidance documents. Sampling events were recorded in the field and photographic evidence was collected to corroborate findings (Appendix A). 13.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS PCE, a chlorinated solvent used in dry cleaning operations, was first identified at the Site in groundwater from a municipal well that was subsequently closed. The closure of this well prevents further groundwater testing. Five current or historic dry-cleaning facilities are proximal to the contaminated well and were identified as possible sources of the contamination. Three of these five possible contaminant sources were tested in the course of this SI, two of which demonstrated PCE concentrations which both significantly exceed background values and surpass relevant EPA benchmarks. Soil gas contaminated with PCE and TCE is present at both 7615 South State Street (J and J Tire) and 118 West Center Street (Fashion Cleaners). Samples taken from 7692 South Maple Street (White Raven Tattoo) did not contain these chemicals. These data indicate the presence of contaminants in soil gas at the Site, but do not rule out contribution of contaminants from the untested potential sources. Several unknowns remain. The historic locations of Matt’s Cleaners and Harv’s Cleaners could also be contributing contaminants to the environment. Additionally, this SI did not generate any direct soil or groundwater data. Thus, the media-specific source of the contamination found within the soil gas and the nature of its migration to the well remain unknown. Indoor air sampling should be considered at buildings in direct proximity to the locations where contaminants have already been identified in order to better assess potential exposure pathways at both homes and businesses. Future sampling should include soil, soil gas, sub-slab/near-slab air, and indoor air. If groundwater can be accessed it should also be sampled, though that appears unlikely. It is possible that local groundwater levels fluctuate and were just particularly low at the time of attempted sampling (section 7.2). It is likely that the PCE identified in the municipal groundwater well was, at least in part, derived from the contaminated properties identified herein; however, until the other possible contaminant sources are directly assessed, it is not possible to develop a sufficient understanding of the contaminants on-Site. The DERR recommends that the Site be further studied through additional targeted sampling to assess the contribution of contaminants from the unexamined potential sources and determine the concentration of contaminants in indoor air. Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 13 14.0 REFERENCES Anderson, P. B., D. D. Susong, S. R. Wold, V. M. Heilweil, and R. L. Baskin. 1994. Hydrogeology of Recharge Areas and Water Quality of the Principal Aquifers along the Wasatch Front and Adjacent Areas, Utah. Technical Publication, WRI-93-4221. United States Geological Survey. http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/wri934221. Arnow, Ted, Richard Van Horn, and Reed LaPray. 1970. The Pre-Quaternary Surface in the Jordan Valley, Utah. Geological Survey Research Paper 700-D. U.S. Government Printing Office. ATSDR. n.d. “ATSDR - ToxFAQsTM: Tetrachloroethylene (PERC).” Accessed April 30, 2020. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs/tfacts18.pdf ATSDR. n.d. “ATSDR – Toxic Substances Portal: 1,2-Dichloroethane.” Accessed April 30, 2020. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/substances/toxsubstance.asp?toxid=82 Butterfield, Neil and Julion. 1955. “Well Abandonment Submission for Well 57-7330.” Utah Division of Water Rights. Comer, Eldon. 1961. “Well Driller’s Report Well 57-3165.” Lehi, Utah. Davis, Fitzhugh D. 2000. Geologic Map of the Midvale Quadrangle, Salt Lake County, Utah. Utah Geological Survey Map 177. Utah Department of Natural Resources. Google Imagery. 2019. “SGID Base Map & Imagery Services Base- Hybrid Map of Vector Features under License to Google Inc.” Hely, Allen Grant, R. W Mower, and C. Albert Harr. 1971. Water Resources of Salt Lake County, Utah. Technical Publication 31. Salt Lake City: Utah Department of Natural Resources. Hoyle, Alan Ryan. 2018. Interview with Alan Ryan Hoyle, Midvale City Water Master. Jenkins, Robin. 1996. “Well Driller’s Report Monitoring Well# 96-57-004-M-09.” Salt Lake City, Utah: Utah Division of Environmental Response and Remediation. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). 2019. Custom Soil Resources Report for Salt Lake Area, Utah. United States Department of Agriculture. Accessed 12/17/19 using Web Soil Survey Service. https://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx Pankow, James F., and John A. Cherry. 1996. Dense Chlorinated Solvents and Other DNAPLs in Groundwater: History, Behavior, and Remediation. Portland, OR: Waterloo Press. R. L. Polk, and Company. 1960. R.L. Polk & Co.’s Salt Lake City Directory. Salt Lake City, Utah: R. L. Polk & Company. Site Investigation – Analytical Results Report Maple Street Plume – UTN000820949 14 Salt Lake County Auditor. 1998. “1998 Midvale City Address Change.” Salt Lake County Auditor. Schwille, Friedrich. 1988. Dense Chlorinated Solvents in Porous and Fractured Media: Model Experiments. Chelsea, MI: Lewis Publishers. Thiros, Susan A. 2003. Quality and Sources of Shallow Ground Water in Areas of Recent Residential Development in Salt Lake Valley, Salt Lake County, Utah. Technical Publication. United States Geological Survey. http://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034028/. Thiros, Susan A. 2010. Conceptual Understanding and Groundwater Quality of the Basin-Fill Aquifer in Salt Lake Valley, Utah in Conceptual Understanding and Groundwater Quality of Selected Basin-Fill Aquifers in the Southwestern United States, Professional Paper 1781. United States Geological Survey. https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1781/pdf/pp1781_section2.pdf U.S. Census Bureau. 2010. “U.S. Census 2010 Data.” Utah Automated Geographic Reference Center. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1990. “Hazard Ranking System; Final Rule (40 CFR Part 300).” Federal Register 55 (December): 51532–667. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. 2015. “OSWER Technical Guide for Assessing and Mitigation the Vapor Intrusion Pathway from Subsurface Vapor Sources to Indoor Air.” 9200.2-154. Washington, D.C. Utah Division of Drinking Water. 2019. “Public Drinking Water Source Database.” Salt Lake City, Utah: Utah Division of Drinking Water. Utah Division of Water Rights. 2019. “Water Rights Points of Diversion Database, Utah State Geographic Information Database (GIS) Layer Name:Wrpad.Shp.” Waddell, K.M., Seiler, R.L., Santini, M, and Solomon, D.K. 1987. Groundwater Conditions in Salt Lake Valley, Utah 1963-1983 and Predicted Effects of Increased Withdrawals from Wells. U.S. Geological Survey. Western Regional Climate Center. n.d. “MIDVALE, UTAH - Climate Summary.” Midvale, Utah (425610). Accessed April, 30, 2020. https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ut5610 FIGURES ^ UUttaahh TT rr aa nn ss iitt AA uu tt hh oo rr iitt yy RR aa iill LL iinn ee Utah Department of Environmental Quality Division of EnvironmentalResponse and Remediation by: Neil B. Taylor Date: 01/31/2019 Figure 1 SITE LOCATION MAPMaple Street Plume Sa lt Lake County, Utah®^Legend ^Site Location 0.2 0 0.20.1 Miles ^#* #*#* #* #* Ju st A Car Lot(Matt's Cleaners) J and J Tires(N orge Dry Cleaning Village) Tatto o Parlor(D ay-Nite Laundercenter) U T A H T R A N SIT A U T H O RITY R AIL LIN E Jo rd an Valley W CD(Planned Background) Harv's Cleaners Fashion Cleaners MS-03 MS-09 MS-05 MS-04 MS-06 & MS-11 Figure 2 SAMPLE LOCATION MAPMaple Street Plume Midvale, Utah 0 10050Me ters Sample Locations #*Soil-Gas Sample Locations ^Contaminated Wells Ü ^ Updated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aple Street Plume SITE ID NUMBER:UTN000820949 LOCATION:7610 South Maple Street PROJECT LEADER:Neil Taylor CITY:Midvale, Utah SAMPLING DATE: Field Parameters Laboratory Analyses QA/QC Other Sample Location Sample Type Te m p pH Co n d DO Ot h e r Vo l a t i l e s Se m i - V o l s Pe s t i c i d e s To t . M e t a l s Cy a n i d e Su l f i d e Am m o n i a NO 3 - N O 2 An i o n s As b e s t o s Sp e c . O r g . BT E X N TP H O& G Ex p l o s i v e s Fi e l d D u p La b D u p Bl a n k Op p o r t u n i t y Ba c k g r o u n d MS-01 Soil Gas X X MS-02 Soil Gas X MS-03 Soil Gas X MS-04 Soil Gas X MS-05 Soil Gas X MS-06 Soil Gas X MS-09 Soil Gas X MS-10 Soil Gas X X MS-11 Soil Gas X X MS-12 Soil Gas X MS-13 Soil Gas X X MS-GW-01 Groundwater X X MS-GW-02 Groundwater X MS-GW-03 Groundwater X X MS-GW-04 Groundwater X X MS-GW-05 Groundwater X X Strikethrough indicates that the sample was Not Collected Fall 2019 Table 2 Sample Analyses Checklist Sample Number >>> Traffic Number >>> Sample Location >>> Descriptor >>> CR NCR Res. Com. Background Background CAS No. Analyte μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 Q μg/m3 Q μg/m3 Q μg/m3 Q μg/m3 Q μg/m3 Q μg/m3 Q 71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane - 5210 174000 730000 1.09 U 1.09 U 1.85 1.09 U 1.09 U 1.09 U 1.09 U 79-34-5 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 0.0484 - 2 7 1.37 U 1.37 U 1.37 U 1.37 U 1.37 U 1.37 U 1.37 U 79-00-5 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 0.175 0.209 6 26 1.09 U 1.09 U 1.09 U 1.09 U 1.09 U 1.09 U 1.09 U 76-13-1 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane - 5210 174000 730000 1.53 U 1.53 U 1.53 U 1.53 U 1.53 U 1.53 U 1.53 U 75-34-3 1,1-Dichloroethane 1.75 - 59 256 0.802 U 0.802 U 0.80 U 0.80 U 0.80 U 0.80 U 0.80 U 75-35-4 1,1-Dichloroethylene - 209 6950 29200 0.793 U 0.793 U 0.79 U 0.79 U 0.79 U 0.79 U 0.79 U 120-82-1 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene - 2.09 70 292 4.66 U 4.66 U 4.66 U 4.66 U 4.66 U 4.66 U 4.66 U 95-63-6 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene - 62.6 2090 8760 2.59 2.3 2.22 1.43 0.98 U 0.98 U 0.98 U 106-93-4 1,2-Dibromoethane 0.005 9.39 0 1 1.54 U 1.54 U 1.54 U 1.54 U 1.54 U 1.54 U 1.54 U 95-50-1 1,2-Dichlorobenzene - 209 6950 29200 1.2 U 1.2 U 1.20 U 1.20 U 1.20 U 1.20 U 1.20 U 107-06-2 1,2-Dichloroethane 0.108 7.30 4 16 0.81 U 0.81 U 0.81 U 0.81 U 0.81 U 0.81 U 0.81 U 78-87-5 1,2-Dichloropropane 0.759 4.17 25 110 0.924 U 0.924 U 0.92 U 0.92 U 0.92 U 0.92 U 0.92 U 76-14-2 1,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane - - - - 1.4 U 1.4 U 1.40 U 1.40 U 1.40 U 1.40 U 1.40 U 108-67-8 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene - 62.6 2090 8760 0.982 U 0.982 U 0.98 U 0.98 U 0.98 U 0.98 U 0.98 U 106-99-0 1,3-Butadiene 0.0936 2.09 3 14 4.43 U 4.43 U 4.43 U 4.43 U 4.43 U 4.43 U 4.43 U 541-73-1 1,3-Dichlorobenzene - - - - 1.2 U 1.2 U 1.20 U 1.20 U 2.46 U 1.20 U 1.20 U 106-46-7 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 0.255 834 9 37 1.2 U 1.2 U 1.20 U 1.20 U 1.20 U 1.20 U 1.20 U 123-91-1 1,4-Dioxane 0.562 31.3 19 82 0.721 U 0.721 U 0.72 U 0.72 U 0.72 U 0.72 U 0.72 U 540-84-1 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane - - - - 3.2 3.4 2.54 U 3.06 U 1.87 U 1.27 U 0.93 U 78-93-3 2-Butanone (MEK) - 5210 174000 730000 59 84.9 205 69 66 31 4 U 95-49-8 2-Chlorotoluene - - - - 1.03 U 1.03 U 1.03 U 1.03 U 1.03 U 1.03 U 1.03 U 67-63-0 2-Propanol - 209 6950 29200 3.07 U 3.07 U 3.07 U 3.07 U 3.07 U 3.07 U 3.07 U 622-96-8 4-Ethyltoluene - - - - 2.48 2.25 2.19 1.35 0.98 U 0.98 U 0.98 U 108-10-1 4-Methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK) - 3130 104000 438000 5.12 U 5.12 U 18 5 U 5 U 5 U 5 U 67-64-1 Acetone - 32200 1070000 4510000 2380 2570 E 3,020 J 1,700 J 1,680 J 687 J 3 U 107-05-1 Allyl chloride 0.468 1.04 16 68 0.626 U 0.626 U 0.63 U 0.63 U 0.63 U 0.63 U 0.63 U 71-43-2 Benzene 0.36 31.3 12 52 4.15 4.38 17.80 9.04 7.38 3.03 0.64 U 100-44-7 Benzyl Chloride 0.0573 1.04 2 8 1.04 U 1.04 U 1.04 U 1.04 U 1.04 U 1.04 U 1.04 U 75-27-4 Bromodichloromethane 0.0759 - 3 11 1.34 U 1.34 U 1.34 U 1.34 U 1.34 U 1.34 U 1.34 U 75-25-2 Bromoform 2.55 - 85 372 6.21 U 6.21 U 6.21 U 6.21 U 6.21 U 6.21 U 6.21 U 74-83-9 Bromomethane - 5.21 174 730 0.776 U 0.776 U 0.78 U 0.78 U 0.78 U 0.78 U 0.78 U 75-15-0 Carbon disulfide - 730 24300 102000 0.622 U 0.622 U 4.61 3.45 1.74 2.01 0.62 U 56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride 0.468 104 16 68 1.26 U 1.26 U 1.26 U 1.26 U 1.26 U 1.26 U 1.26 U 108-90-7 Chlorobenzene - 52.1 1740 7300 0.924 U 0.924 U 0.92 U 0.92 U 0.92 U 0.92 U 0.92 U 75-00-3 Chloroethane - 10400 348000 1460000 0.528 U 0.528 U 0.53 U 0.53 U 0.53 U 0.53 U 0.53 U 67-66-3 Chloroform 0.122 102 4 18 0.973 U 0.973 U 0.97 U 0.97 U 0.97 U 0.97 U 0.97 U 74-87-3 Chloromethane - 93.9 3130 13100 0.843 0.967 1.00 1.85 0.81 0.90 0.41 U 156-59-2 cis-1,2-Dichloroethene - - - - 0.793 U 0.793 U 0.79 U 0.79 U 0.79 U 23.70 0.79 U 10061-01-5 cis-1,3-Dichloropropene - - - - 0.908 U 0.908 U 0.91 U 0.91 U 0.91 U 0.91 U 0.91 U 110-82-7 Cyclohexane - 6260 209000 876000 1.15 1.42 2.14 1.77 1.49 0.82 0.69 U 124-48-1 Dibromochloromethane - - - - 1.7 U 1.7 U 1.70 U 1.70 U 1.70 U 1.70 U 1.70 U 75-71-8 Dichlorodifluoromethane - 104 3480 14600 2.45 2.43 2.54 2.51 2.39 2.47 0.99 U 64-17-5 Ethanol - - - - 94.3 108 132 89 85 78 1 U 100-41-4 Ethylbenzene 1.12 1040 37 164 2.42 2.02 2.90 1.19 0.87 U 0.87 U 0.87 U 142-82-5 Heptane - 417 13900 58400 3.28 3.99 9.53 3.64 2.97 1.56 0.82 U 87-68-3 Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene 0.128 - 4 19 6.73 U 6.73 U 6.73 U 6.73 U 6.73 U 6.73 U 6.73 U 98-82-8 Isopropylbenzene - 417 13900 58400 1.18 0.983 U 1.52 0.98 U 0.98 U 0.98 U 0.98 U 1330-20-7 m&p-Xylene - 104 3480 14600 8.54 7.54 8.58 4.51 3.04 1.73 U 1.73 U 591-78-6 Methyl Butyl Ketone - 31.3 1040 4380 9.33 12.6 35 6 5 U 5 U 5 U 80-62-6 Methyl methacrylate - 730 24300 102000 0.819 U 0.819 U 0.82 U 0.82 U 0.82 U 0.82 U 0.82 U 75-09-2 Methylene Chloride 101 626 3380 40900 1.3 1.8 1.73 1.59 1.25 2.81 0.69 U 1634-04-4 MTBE 10.8 3130 360 1570 0.721 U 0.721 U 0.72 U 0.72 U 0.72 U 0.72 U 0.72 U 91-20-3 Naphthalene 0.0826 3.13 3 12 3.3 U 3.3 U 3 U 3 U 3 U 3 U 3 U 110-54-3 n-Hexane - 730 24300 102000 4.27 5.22 10.10 9.38 7.40 4.97 0.71 U 95-47-6 o-Xylene - 104 3480 14600 2.9 2.45 2.73 1.38 1.01 0.87 U 0.87 U 115-07-1 Propene - 3130 104000 438000 14.3 19.8 100 73 49 32 1 U 100-42-5 Styrene - 1040 34800 146000 0.851 U 0.851 U 0.91 0.85 U 0.85 U 0.85 U 0.85 U 127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene 10.8 41.7 360 1570 44.2 5.17 303 1 U 1 U 262 2 109-99-9 Tetrahydrofuran - 2090 69500 292000 31 25.7 168 50 15 12 1 U 108-88-3 Toluene - 5210 174000 730000 12.1 11.5 24.10 6.67 6.37 4.93 0.75 U 156-60-5 trans-1,2-Dichloroethene - 827 - - 0.793 U 0.793 U 0.79 U 0.79 U 0.79 U 0.79 U 0.79 U 10061-02-6 trans-1,3-Dichloropropene - - - - 0.908 U 0.908 U 0.91 U 0.91 U 0.91 U 0.91 U 0.91 U 79-01-6 Trichloroethylene 0.478 2.09 16 100 1.07 U 1.07 U 3.68 1.07 U 1.07 U 13.10 1.07 U 75-69-4 Trichlorofluoromethane - 1040 - - 1.3 1.36 1.26 663 38.40 1.40 1.12 U 108-05-4 Vinyl acetate - 209 6950 29200 0.704 U 0.704 U 0.70 U 0.70 U 0.70 U 0.70 U 0.70 U 593-60-2 Vinyl Bromide - - 3 13 0.875 U 0.875 U 0.88 U 0.88 U 0.88 U 0.88 U 0.88 U 75-01-4 Vinyl chloride 0.168 104 6 93 0.511 U 0.511 U 0.51 U 0.51 U 0.51 U 0.51 U 0.51 U Q - Data qualifier code U - Undetected. The sample quantitation limit is provided. In cases where the lab qualifier differed from the validation qualifier, the result is given. J - The analyte was positively identified; the associated numberical value is the approximate concentration. VISL - Vapor Intrusion Screening Levels, EPA Vapor Intrusion Calculator Default Settings 3/2020 [Com. - VISL Commercial Air; Res. - VISL Residential Air; Target Sub-Slab and Near-source Soil Gas Concentraion] SCDM - Superfund Chemical Data Matrix Subsurface Intrusion Component Benchmark Values 02/2020 [CR - Cancer Risk; NCR - Noncancer Risk] VISL & SCMD values provided utilize a TCR = 1E-06 and THQ = 1 A shaded value represents a concentration at least three times background or, when the background measurement is undetected (U), the sample equals or exceeds the sample quantitation limit. These concentrations qualify as "Observed Releases". A bold red value indicates that the measured concentration is equal to or greater than at least one of the benchmark values, either VISL or SCDM.Note that all values provided are in μg/m3. soil gas soil gas soil gas soil gas soil gas L1159345-07 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) Concentrations Vapor Intrusion Screening Level (VISL) Concentrations J and J Tire SE Corner J and J Tire SE Corner Duplicate J and J Tire White Raven Tattoo Parking Lot Southwest Corner White Raven Tattoo Parking Lot Southeast Corner Fashion Cleaners Trip Blank L1159345-02 L1159345-03 L1159345-01 L1159345-04 L1159345-05 L1159345-06 Table 3 Soil Gas - Summary of Volatile Organic Compound Concentrations Maple Street Plume MS-06 MS-11 MS-03 MS-04 MS-05 MS-09 Blank Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Problem Statement Identifying the Study Goals Decision Inputs Study Boundaries Analytical Approach Decisions Rules Performance or Acceptance Criteria Plan for Obtaining Data Chlorinated solvent contamination has been identified as present in the Midvale City Municipal Park Street (Cold) Well. The contributors of this contamination have not been determined. The depth to shallow groundwater eliminates the possibility of identifying sources and tracking the flow of contamination through the groundwater.. Identify contamination contributors through soil-gas sampling of historical and current dry cleaners upgradient and side gradient of the Site. Polk directories from 1960 to 1990 identified the historical location of dry cleaners. Soil-gas sampling will identify areas of chlorinated solvent contamination. Additional indoor and subslab sampling may be necessary as a next step if contamination is detected above 100 µg/m3 to determine if vapor intrusion of the solvents are exposing workers or residents above SCDM screening benchmarks. Soil-gas samples will be collected from all historical or current dry cleaner locations within 2,000 feet upgradient or side-gradient of the Site. A background sample will be collected far enough upgradient of the sources to not be affected by contaminated soils. Soil-gas samples will be collected in evacuated Summa canisters and analysed at a CLP laboratory using EPA method TO-15. A background and trip blank samples will also be collected and analysed. Judgmental sampling will be used to bias samples toward more potentially contaminated areas. Statistical sampling will not be used, and the tolerance limits on decision errors will not be calculated. Sampling will be conducted according to methods outlined in the DERR Quality Assurance Program Plan for Environmental Data Operations (QAPP) of November 2018 and other relevant EPA guidance documents. All analytical data will be reviewed, verified and receive CLP Level 4 validation to ensure data are acceptable for the intended use. An EPA contractor will collect soil-gas samples from historical dry cleaner properties that provide sample access. The contractor will operate a direct-push well drilling equipment and collected the samples. Boreholes will be installed to a depth of six feet below ground surface. Samples will be collected over a 24-hour period. Table 4 Data Quality Objectives N. Taylor, 2019 APPENDIX A FIELD ACTIVITIES REPORT Maple Street Plume Field Activities Report November 8, 2019 On November 7 and 8, 2019 Neil Taylor sampled properties in Midvale Utah associated with the Porter Lane TCE site. Joseph Rudi, Erik Hastall, and Kelly Wooten operated the sampling equipment as employees of Weston Environmental. A direct-push unit drove a drive point to a depth of from six feet to seven feet below ground surface (bgs). The drive point was then extracted and sand was added to bring the depth of the boring to six feet bgs. A screened collection port was connected to Tygon tubing and lowered into the hole. The hole was backfilled with sand and sealed with a bentonite/water mixture. The holes were then evacuated using a photoionization detector (PID). The tubing was connected to a Summa canister under a 25-inch Hg vacuum equipped with a flow regulator set to collect a constant flow for an approximate 24-hour time-weighted sample. The sampling was stopped when the vacuum reached below five inches Hg. Soil gas sample MS-01 was not collected from 7565 South State (Just a Car Lot) because the property owner withdrew sampling permission on November 6, 2019. The property owner (Chip Palmer) indicated that a 2008 environmental investigation of his property possibly would document that a cleaner did not exist on his property in 1960 as indicated in the Polk Directory. Background soil gas sample MS-10 was not collected from 176 East Forbush because of a sample location mixup resulting in the property not being screened for utilities. It is hoped that MS-06 can be used as a background sample. All soil gas samples were turned off at about 9:30 the morning of November 8, 2019 at a pressure of less than five inches Hg with the exception of the duplicate soil gas sample MS-06 that was allowed to continue until ? An attempt to sample groundwater was made at J and J Tires (7615 South State Street). This property was identified as “Po Boys Carpet” in the sample plan but the company changed. A boring was made to 30 feet bgs without encountering groundwater of any kind. This supports well drilling records on file at the Utah Division of Water Rights that indicate that the shallow groundwater table is located from 35 to 70 feet bgs, a depth that cannot be reached with this drilling rig. No further attempts were made to sample groundwater. Figure 1: J and J Tire (7615 South State) Back (East) Door The soil gas sample MS-03 was begun at 11:25 near the rear (east) door of the building. Enough air will be collected for this sample to serve as the laboratory duplicate. Figure 2 shows the sample location and the screen sample inlet that was placed at the bottom of each boring. The PID had readings of up to 1,200 ppb as air from the sample hole was evacuated. Figure 2: Soil Gas Sample Collection Inlet at J and J Tire Sample Location Figure 3 is another picture of the equipment used to install the soil gas samples at the rear door of 7615 South State Street. Figure 3: J and J Tire Soil Gas Sample Location at Back (East) Door MS-06 was installed at the southeast corner of 7615 South State Street. A second sample was also collected from this location as a field duplicate. It was hoped that MS-06 could serve as a background sample as the sample location is approximately 80 feet uphill and upgradient from the back door of J and J Tires; however, the PID registered 800 ppb at 11:56 as the hole was evacuated. Figure 4: J and J Tire Soil Gas Sample Location at Parking Lot Southeast Corner Sample MS-04 was collected from the White Raven Tattoo north parking lot at 7692 South Maple Street. Sampling began at 12:53 near a trash dumpster. Figure 5: White Raven Tattoo (7692 South Maple Street) North Parking Lot Sample MS-04 Sample MS-05 was collected from the Northeast corner of White Raven Tattoo in the parking lot. Sampling began at 13:25. Figure 6: White Raven Tattoo (7692 South Maple Street) North Parking Lot Sample MS-05 Sample MS-09 was collected near the south entrance of Fashion Cleaners located at 118 West Center Street. The PID registered 40,000 ppb as the hole was evacuated. A second sample (MS-12) was planned for the northwest corner of Fashion Cleaners; however, utilities were unexpendedly located along the entire west side of Fashion Cleaners and sample MS-12 could not be collected. Figure 7: Fashion Cleaners (118 West Center) South Parking Lot APPENDIX B CONSENT FOR ACCESS TO PROPERTY FORM CONSENT FOR ACCESS TO PROPERTY Maple Street Plume, CERCLIS ID# UTN000820949 Midvale, Utah Name of Owner: Address of Owner: Address of Property Subject to Access: Property Owner Telephone Number: ______________________________ Property Owner Email Address:_____________________ A. I, the authorized representative of the owner of the property described above (“Owner”), consent to officers, employees, contractors, subcontractors, and other authorized representatives of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality (“UDEQ”) entering and having continued access to the above referenced (“Property”) for the following purposes: 1. Conducting field inspections and investigations; 2. Drilling two, small-diameter holes using direct-push equipment, as needed for soil-gas sampling; and 3. Other such actions as may be necessary to protect human health and the environment. B. Owner understands that these actions by EPA and UDEQ are undertaken pursuant to their response and enforcement responsibilities under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (“CERCLA”) 42 U.S.C. § 9601, et seq. Notwithstanding any provision of this Consent for Access, the UDEQ and EPA retain all of their access authorities and rights, as well as all of their rights to require land/water use restrictions, including enforcement authorities related thereto, under CERCLA, RCRA and any other applicable federal or State statute or regulation. EPA, UDEQ, and Owner recognize that granting access does not constitute an admission of liability under CERCLA, RCRA, and any other applicable federal or State statute or regulation. EPA, UDEQ, and Owner retain all rights and defenses under CERCLA, RCRA, and any other applicable federal or State statute or regulation. Liability for damage caused by negligence is governed by applicable law. Nothing in this Consent for Access constitutes a waiver of sovereign immunity. C. The undersigned certifies that he/she is fully authorized to grant the access provided herein on behalf of Owner and to execute and legally bind Owner to this document. 1 Section 19-6-304 of the Utah Code Ann. provides that, upon request as indicated below, the Owner may have a split sample if possible and may obtain an analysis of the sample available. To these ends, please mark your preference below: [ ] I wish to obtain splits of all samples collected on the Property and a receipt describing each sample taken. I understand that I must provide the necessary sample containers to obtain these splits. The responsibility of choosing an analytical laboratory and the cost of analysis of the splits is solely mine. [ ] When available to UDEQ, Owner wishes to obtain a copy of the final analytical results report and laboratory data concerning the samples taken from the Property. Indicate address where results should be sent to: __________________________. Authorized Signature: Print Name: Date: Site Name: Maple Street Plume Project Manager: Neil B. 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^^ƵƌƌŽŐĂƚĞƌĞĐŽǀĞƌǇǁĂƐŽƵƚƐŝĚĞY ůŝŵŝƚƐ͘ dŚĞƐĞƋƵĞŶĐĞŽƌŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨƐƚĂŶĚĂƌĚƐ ƵƐĞĚĨŽƌƚŚĞĐĂůŝďƌĂƚŝŽŶǁĂƐŝŶĐŽƌƌĞĐƚ ĂůŝďƌĂƚŝŽŶйZ^ŽƌйǁĂƐ ŶŽŶĐŽŵƉůŝĂŶƚ͘ ŽƌƌĞůĂƚŝŽŶĐŽĞĨĨŝĐŝĞŶƚŝƐфϬ͘ϵϵϱŽƌ ĐĂůŝďƌĂƚŝŽŶǁĂƐŶŽŶĐŽŵƉůŝĂŶƚ͘ Z ĂůŝďƌĂƚŝŽŶZZ&ǁĂƐфϬ͘Ϭϱ͘йZĨŽƌĐĂůŝďƌĂƚŝŽŶŝƐŶŽƚǁŝƚŚŝŶĐŽŶƚƌŽů ůŝŵŝƚƐ͘ WƌĞƐƵŵĞĚĐŽŶƚĂŵŝŶĂƚŝŽŶĂƐŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞĚďǇ ƚŚĞƉƌĞƉĂƌĂƚŝŽŶ;ŵĞƚŚŽĚͿďůĂŶŬƌĞƐƵůƚƐ͘ WƌĞƐƵŵĞĚĐŽŶƚĂŵŝŶĂƚŝŽŶĂƐŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞĚďǇ ƚŚĞƉƌĞƉĂƌĂƚŝŽŶ;ŵĞƚŚŽĚͿŽƌĐĂůŝďƌĂƚŝŽŶ ďůĂŶŬƌĞƐƵůƚƐ͘ >>ĂďŽƌĂƚŽƌǇůĂŶŬ^ƉŝŬĞͬůĂŶŬ^ƉŝŬĞ ƵƉůŝĐĂƚĞйZǁĂƐŶŽƚǁŝƚŚŝŶĐŽŶƚƌŽů ůŝŵŝƚƐ͘ >ĂďŽƌĂƚŽƌǇŽŶƚƌŽů^ĂŵƉůĞйZǁĂƐŶŽƚ ǁŝƚŚŝŶĐŽŶƚƌŽůůŝŵŝƚƐ͘ >ϭ >^ͬ>^ZWǁĂƐŽƵƚƐŝĚĞĐŽŶƚƌŽůůŝŵŝƚƐ͘>^ͬ>^ZWǁĂƐŽƵƚƐŝĚĞĐŽŶƚƌŽůůŝŵŝƚƐ͘ Y D^ͬD^ƌĞĐŽǀĞƌǇǁĂƐƉŽŽƌ͘D^ƌĞĐŽǀĞƌǇǁĂƐƉŽŽƌ͘ Yϭ D^ͬD^ZWǁĂƐŽƵƚƐŝĚĞĐŽŶƚƌŽůůŝŵŝƚƐ͘D^ͬD^ZWǁĂƐŽƵƚƐŝĚĞĐŽŶƚƌŽůůŝŵŝƚƐ͘ EŽƚĂƉƉůŝĐĂďůĞ͘ƵƉůŝĐĂƚĞƐƐŚŽǁĞĚƉŽŽƌĂŐƌĞĞŵĞŶƚ͘ //ŶƚĞƌŶĂůƐƚĂŶĚĂƌĚƉĞƌĨŽƌŵĂŶĐĞǁĂƐ ƵŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĐƚŽƌǇ͘ /W/^ƌĞƐƵůƚƐǁĞƌĞƵŶƐĂƚŝƐĨĂĐƚŽƌǇ͘ EŽƚĂƉƉůŝĐĂďůĞ͘/W^ĞƌŝĂůŝůƵƚŝŽŶйǁĞƌĞŶŽƚǁŝƚŚŝŶ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůůŝŵŝƚƐ͘ D dƵŶŝŶŐ;&Žƌ&dWWͿǁĂƐ ŶŽŶĐŽŵƉůŝĂŶƚ͘ /WD^ƚƵŶĞǁĂƐŶŽƚĐŽŵƉůŝĂŶƚ͘ d WƌĞƐƵŵĞĚĐŽŶƚĂŵŝŶĂƚŝŽŶĂƐŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞĚďǇ 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